CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="tg" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Афсар — Википедия</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )tgwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy" ,"wgMonthNames":["","Январ","Феврал","Март","Апрел","Май","Июн","Июл","август","сентябр","Октябр","ноябр","Декабр"],"wgRequestId":"429f7329-b385-4a89-adb5-44d7fb0d07cc","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Афсар","wgTitle":"Афсар","wgCurRevisionId":1306036,"wgRevisionId":1306036,"wgArticleId":15036,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Саҳифаҳои дорои пайванди сеҳрноки ISBN","Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик","Дараҷаҳои низомӣ","Симатҳои низомӣ"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"tg","wgPageContentLanguage":"tg","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Афсар","wgRelevantArticleId":15036,"wgUserVariant":"tg","wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[], "wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"tg","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"tg"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q189290","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false, "wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.collapserefs","ext.gadget.directLinkToCommons","ext.gadget.logo","ext.gadget.edittop","ext.gadget.blpEditNotice","ext.gadget.wikibugs","ext.gadget.sidebarRelated","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=tg&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=tg&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=tg&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=tg&modules=noscript&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"></noscript> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Afgan1987_Gardez_UAZ469.jpg/1200px-Afgan1987_Gardez_UAZ469.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="825"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Afgan1987_Gardez_UAZ469.jpg/800px-Afgan1987_Gardez_UAZ469.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="550"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Afgan1987_Gardez_UAZ469.jpg/640px-Afgan1987_Gardez_UAZ469.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="440"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Афсар — Википедия"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//tg.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="вироиш" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Википедиа (tg)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//tg.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="tg" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="tg-Latn" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&variant=tg-latn"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.tg"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Барои Википедиа Atom Хабархон" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Афсар rootpage-Афсар skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Оғоза" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Оғоза</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Оғоза</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">Пинҳон кардан</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Гаштан </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D3%A3" title="Бозгашт ба саҳифаи аслӣ [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Саҳифаи аслӣ</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%92%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Дар бораи лоиҳа ва чи корҳоро метавонед кард"><span>Вуруди корбарон</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D2%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Ёфтани иттилооти пешзамина перомуни рӯйдодҳои кунунӣ"><span>Рӯйдодҳои кунунӣ</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Рӯйхати тағйиротҳо дар Википедия [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Тағйироти охирин</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%84%D3%A3" title="Овардани як саҳифаи тасодуфӣ [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Саҳифаҳои тасодуфӣ</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Гузаштан ба Роҳнамо."><span>Роҳнамо</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D3%A3" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Википедиа" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-tg.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="донишномаи озод" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-tg.svg" width="120" height="12" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D2%B6%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D2%B7%D3%AF" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Ҷустуҷӯ дар Википедиа [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Ҷустуҷӯ</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Ҷустуҷӯ дар Википедиа" aria-label="Ҷустуҷӯ дар Википедиа" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Ҷустуҷӯ дар Википедиа [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Вижа:Ҷустуҷӯ"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Ҷустуҷӯ</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Абзорҳои шахсӣ"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Зоҳир"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Зоҳир" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Зоҳир</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tg.wikipedia.org&uselang=tg" class=""><span>Кумаки молӣ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%A3&returnto=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Мо ба шумо пешниҳод мекунем, то ҳисоб эҷод намоед ва ба система вортд шавед, ин ҳатмӣ нест" class=""><span>Эҷоди ҳисоб</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%92%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4&returnto=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Тавсия мешавад ки ба система ворид шавед, лекин маҷбурӣ нест. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Вуруд</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Абзорҳои шахсӣ" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Абзорҳои шахсӣ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tg.wikipedia.org&uselang=tg"><span>Кумаки молӣ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%A3&returnto=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Мо ба шумо пешниҳод мекунем, то ҳисоб эҷод намоед ва ба система вортд шавед, ин ҳатмӣ нест"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Эҷоди ҳисоб</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%92%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4&returnto=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Тавсия мешавад ки ба система ворид шавед, лекин маҷбурӣ нест. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Вуруд</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Саҳмгузориҳо</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%B3%D1%81%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Баҳси пиромуни вироишҳо аз ин нишонаи IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Баҳс</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Муҳтавоҳо" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Муҳтавоҳо</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Пинҳон кардан</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Ибтидо</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Вожашиносӣ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Вожашиносӣ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Вожашиносӣ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Вожашиносӣ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Пешина" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Пешина"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Пешина</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Пешина-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Афсарони_Нерӯҳои_мусаллаҳи_Тоҷикистон" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Афсарони_Нерӯҳои_мусаллаҳи_Тоҷикистон"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Афсарони Нерӯҳои мусаллаҳи Тоҷикистон</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Афсарони_Нерӯҳои_мусаллаҳи_Тоҷикистон-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Нигаред_низ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Нигаред_низ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Нигаред низ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Нигаред_низ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Эзоҳ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эзоҳ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Эзоҳ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Эзоҳ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Муҳтавоҳо" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Афсар</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 67 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67 забон</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7" title="ضابط – арабӣ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ضابط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zabit" title="Zabit – озарбойҷонӣ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Zabit" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="озарбойҷонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Офицер – бошқирдӣ" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Офицер" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="бошқирдӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Афіцэр – белорусӣ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Афіцэр" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Афіцэр – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Афіцэр" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Офицер – булғорӣ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Офицер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="булғорӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oficir" title="Oficir – босниягӣ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Oficir" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босниягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oficial" title="Oficial – каталонӣ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Oficial" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%AFstojn%C3%ADk" title="Důstojník – чехӣ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Důstojník" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чехӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Officer" title="Officer – даниягӣ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Officer" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="даниягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offizier" title="Offizier – немисӣ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Offizier" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немисӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BE%CE%B9%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Αξιωματικός – юнонӣ" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αξιωματικός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="юнонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Officer_(armed_forces)" title="Officer (armed forces) – Англисӣ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Officer (armed forces)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Англисӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oficiro" title="Oficiro – эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Oficiro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oficial_(fuerzas_armadas)" title="Oficial (fuerzas armadas) – испанӣ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Oficial (fuerzas armadas)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohvitser" title="Ohvitser – эстонӣ" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ohvitser" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofizier" title="Ofizier – баскӣ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ofizier" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%B1_(%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%AD)" title="افسر (نیروهای مسلح) – форсӣ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="افسر (نیروهای مسلح)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="форсӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upseeri" title="Upseeri – финӣ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Upseeri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohvitsiir" title="Ohvitsiir – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Ohvitsiir" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Officier" title="Officier – франсузӣ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Officier" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="франсузӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofsier" title="Ofsier – фризии ғарбӣ" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ofsier" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="фризии ғарбӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oficial_(forzas_armadas)" title="Oficial (forzas armadas) – галисиягӣ" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Oficial (forzas armadas)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисиягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%9F" title="קצין – ибронӣ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קצין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ибронӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Casnik" title="Časnik – хорватӣ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Časnik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%BA%D5%A1" title="Սպա – арманӣ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սպա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арманӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%B5" title="Սպայ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սպայ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perwira" title="Perwira – индонезӣ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perwira" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oficiro" title="Oficiro – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Oficiro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ufficiale_(forze_armate)" title="Ufficiale (forze armate) – италиявӣ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ufficiale (forze armate)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиявӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A3%AB%E5%AE%98" title="士官 – японӣ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="士官" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ოფიცერი – гурҷӣ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოფიცერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="гурҷӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Офицер – қазоқӣ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Офицер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="қазоқӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%A5%EA%B5%90" title="장교 – кореягӣ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="장교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="кореягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efser" title="Efser – курдӣ" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Efser" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Офицер – қирғизӣ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Офицер" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="қирғизӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karininkas" title="Karininkas – литвонӣ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Karininkas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virsnieks" title="Virsnieks – латишӣ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Virsnieks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латишӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Офицер – мақдунӣ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Офицер" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="мақдунӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegawai_(angkatan_tentera)" title="Pegawai (angkatan tentera) – малайӣ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pegawai (angkatan tentera)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Officier" title="Officier – голландӣ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Officier" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offiser" title="Offiser – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Offiser" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oficier" title="Oficier – окситанӣ" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Oficier" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oficer_(wojsko)" title="Oficer (wojsko) – лаҳистонӣ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Oficer (wojsko)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="лаҳистонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%B1" title="فوجی افسر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فوجی افسر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%DA%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%B1" title="پوځي افسر – пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پوځي افسر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oficial_(militar)" title="Oficial (militar) – португалӣ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Oficial (militar)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awqaq_pusaq" title="Awqaq pusaq – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Awqaq pusaq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofi%C8%9Ber" title="Ofițer – руминӣ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ofițer" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="руминӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Офицер – русӣ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Офицер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="русӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Officer_(airmed_forces)" title="Officer (airmed forces) – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Officer (airmed forces)" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oficir" title="Oficir – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Oficir" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B4stojn%C3%ADk" title="Dôstojník – словакӣ" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dôstojník" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словакӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Castnik" title="Častnik – словенӣ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Častnik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oficeri_(forcat_e_armatosura)" title="Oficeri (forcat e armatosura) – албанӣ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Oficeri (forcat e armatosura)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Официр – сербӣ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Официр" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Officer" title="Officer – шведӣ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Officer" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="นายทหาร – тайӣ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นายทหาร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subay" title="Subay – туркӣ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Subay" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="туркӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Офицер – тоторӣ" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Офицер" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="тоторӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%84%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Офіцер – украинӣ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Офіцер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofitser" title="Ofitser – ӯзбекӣ" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ofitser" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ӯзбекӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%A9_quan" title="Sĩ quan – ветнамӣ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sĩ quan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ветнамӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E5%AE%98" title="军官 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="军官" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E5%AE%98" title="軍官 – хитоӣ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="軍官" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="хитоӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kun-koa%E2%81%BF" title="Kun-koaⁿ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kun-koaⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E5%AE%98" title="軍官 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="軍官" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q189290#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Таҳрири пайвандҳои байнизабонӣ" class="wbc-editpage">Вироиши пайвандҳо</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Фазоҳои ном"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Намоиши таркиби саҳифа [c]" accesskey="c"><span>мақола</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%B3%D1%81:%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80" rel="discussion" title="Баҳси матни таркибии ин саҳифа [t]" accesskey="t"><span>мубоҳисавӣ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">кирилликӣ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-tg mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&variant=tg" lang="tg" hreflang="tg"><span>кирилликӣ</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-tg-Latn mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&variant=tg-latn" lang="tg-Latn" hreflang="tg-Latn"><span>lotinī</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Назарот"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80"><span>Хондан</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit" title="Вироиши ин саҳифа [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Вироиш</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit" title="Вироиши манбаъи ин саҳифа [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Вироиши манбаъ</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&action=history" title="Нусхаи охирини ин саҳифа. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Намоиши таърих</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ҷаъбаи абзор" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ҷаъбаи абзор</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Абзорҳо</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">Пинҳон кардан</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80"><span>Хондан</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit" title="Вироиши ин саҳифа [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Вироиш</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit" title="Вироиши манбаъи ин саҳифа [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Вироиши манбаъ</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&action=history"><span>Намоиши таърих</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Умумӣ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D2%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D2%B7%D0%BE/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Рӯйхати ҳамаи саҳифаҳое, ки ба ин саҳифа пайванд доранд [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Пайвандҳо ба ин саҳифа</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80" rel="nofollow" title="Тағйироти охир ин саҳифаҳое, ки ин саҳифа ба онҳо пайванд дорад [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Тағйироти монандӣ</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=tg" title="Фиристодани аксҳо ё медиа-файлҳо [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Фиристодани парванда</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Рӯйхати ҳамаи саҳифаҳои вижа [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Саҳифаҳои вижа</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&oldid=1306036" title="Пайванди доимӣ ба ин нусха аз ин саҳифа"><span>Пайванди доимӣ</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Иттилооти саҳифа</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:CiteThisPage&page=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&id=1306036&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Ёд кардани пайванди ин мақола</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2590%25D1%2584%25D1%2581%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580"><span>Гирифтани URL-и кӯтоҳшуда</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2590%25D1%2584%25D1%2581%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Нусхаи чопии ин саҳифа [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Нусхаи чопӣ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дигар лоиҳаҳо </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Military_officers" hreflang="en"><span>Викианбор</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q189290" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Элементи Викидода</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Зоҳир"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Зоҳир</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Пинҳон кардан</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Мавод аз Википедиа — донишномаи озод</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tg" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:Afgan1987_Gardez_UAZ469.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Хизматчиёни ҳарбии отделенияи 56-ум бригадаи ДШБ, артиши 40-ум дар Афғонистон. Шаҳри Гардез, соли 1987." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Afgan1987_Gardez_UAZ469.jpg/310px-Afgan1987_Gardez_UAZ469.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Afgan1987_Gardez_UAZ469.jpg/465px-Afgan1987_Gardez_UAZ469.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Afgan1987_Gardez_UAZ469.jpg/620px-Afgan1987_Gardez_UAZ469.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5328" data-file-height="3663" /></a><figcaption>Низомиёни <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3" title="Гурӯҳ">гурӯҳи</a> 56-ум <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Гунд">гунди ҳавобурди</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Артиш">артиши</a> 40-ум дар Афғонистон. Шаҳри Гардез, соли 1987.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Афсáр</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Забони форсӣ">форсӣ:</a> <span lang="fa" dir="rtl" style="font-style:tahoma;font-size:1.2em"><b>افسر</b></span>‎ > <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D3%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="Забони англисӣ">англ.</a> <span lang="en" style="font-style:italic;"><i>officer</i></span> > <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Забони лотинӣ">лот.</a> <span lang="la" style="font-style:italic;">officiarius</span> — «<i>кордор</i>, <i>масъул</i>» аз <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Забони лотинӣ">лот.</a> <span lang="la" style="font-style:italic;">officium</span> — <i>кор</i>, <i>масъулият</i>) — касе, ки дар <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%B3" title="Нерӯҳои мусаллаҳ">нерӯҳои мусаллаҳ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Милиса">милиса</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пулис (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">пулис</a> ва дигар сохторҳои низомӣ <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Сардор">дараҷаи сардорӣ</a> ва симати фармондеҳӣ дошта бошад. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Вожашиносӣ"><span id=".D0.92.D0.BE.D0.B6.D0.B0.D1.88.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.81.D3.A3"></span>Вожашиносӣ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Вироиши қисмат: Вожашиносӣ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Вожашиносӣ"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>«<i>Афсар</i>» вожае форсӣ (<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Забони форсӣ">форсӣ:</a> <span lang="fa" dir="rtl" style="font-style:tahoma;font-size:1.2em"><b>افسر</b></span>‎ > <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Забони порсии миёна">порсии миёна:</a> <span lang="pal"><i>afsar</i></span> > <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Забони порсии бостон">порсии бостон:</a> <span lang="peo"><i>* api-sara-</i></span> > <i>* api-</i> + <i>* sara-</i> «<i>сар</i>», яъне «<i>ончи бар сар гузоранд</i>») ва маънии аслияш «<i>тоҷ</i>, <i>кулоҳи подшоҳон</i>» аст<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Вале «<i>афсар</i>» аз қадим ба маънои «<i><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Сардор">сардор</a></i>; <i>раҳбар</i>» низ ба кор мерафтааст, чуноне ки дар «<i><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%A3" title="Таърихи Табарӣ">Таърихи Табарӣ</a></i>» омадааст: «<i>Бидон ки падари ту афсари қавм буд</i>»<sup id="cite_ref-Фарҳанг1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Фарҳанг1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Бузургвор <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Фирдавсӣ">Фирдавсӣ</a> <i>афсар</i>ро дар «<i><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Шоҳнома">Шоҳнома</a></i>» ба маънои «<i>фармондеҳ</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Солор">солор</a></i>, <i>сарвар</i>» борҳо ба кор бурдааст: </p> <div class="poem"> <p><i>Ба Гуштосп гуфт: «Эй набарда савор</i>, <br /> <i>Сари саркашон, афсари корзор</i>, <br /> <i>Чӣ номат, ба ман гӯй шаҳру нажод?</i>» <br /> <i>В-аро з-ин сухан ҳеч посух надод</i><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> </div> <p>Ҳамин маънои маҷозии «<i>афсар</i>» ва ҳамовоии он бо <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D3%A3" title="Забони фаронсавӣ">фр.</a> <span lang="fr" style="font-style:italic;">«officier»</span> ва <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D3%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="Забони англисӣ">англ.</a> <span lang="en" style="font-style:italic;">«officer»</span> далел шуда, ки он дар нерӯҳои мусаллаҳ ба маънии «<i>сардор</i>» ба кор гирифта шавад. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Пешина"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.B5.D1.88.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B0"></span>Пешина</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Вироиши қисмат: Пешина" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Пешина"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Афсар дорои <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC%D3%A3" title="Дараҷаи низомӣ">дараҷаи низомӣ</a> ё интизомӣ аст. Аввалҳо ашхосеро, ки соҳиби баъзе мансабҳои давлатӣ буданд, <i>афсар</i> меномиданд. Бо пайдо шудани артиши кирояи доимӣ ва нерӯи дарёӣ (асри 16) дар <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Фаронса">Фаронса</a> ва дигар кишварҳои <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE" title="Аврупо">Аврупо</a> фармондеҳони <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Лашкар">лашкар</a> <i>афсар</i> ном гирифтанд. Дар артиши Русия мансабҳои афсарӣ нахустин бор дар садаи XVI ҷорӣ шуданд. Дар Русия аз оғози садаи XVIII афсарҳо ба солорон ё генералҳо, <i>афсарони ситод</i> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Забони русӣ">русӣ</a>: <span lang="ru"><i>штаб-офицеры</i></span> аз <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Забони олмонӣ">олмонӣ</a>: <i><span lang="de">Stabsoffizier</span></i>) (аз <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Саргурд">майор</a> то <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Сарҳанг">полковник</a>) ва <i>абар–афсар</i> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Забони русӣ">русӣ</a>: <span lang="ru"><i>обер-офицеры</i></span> аз <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Забони олмонӣ">олмонӣ</a>: <i><span lang="de">Oberoffizier</span></i>) аз <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Сарвашт">капитан</a> поён) тақсим мешуданд. Баъди <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D2%9B%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80" title="Инқилоби Октябр">Инқилоби Октябр</a> тамоми дараҷаҳои афсарӣ барҳам дода шуд. Соли 1943 дар паи раво шудани сардӯшиҳо дар <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%85" title="Артиши Сурх">Артиши Сурх</a> ва Нерӯи дарёӣ <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Саркарда">саркардагон</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Сардор">сардорон</a> ва <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Солор">солорон</a> «афсар» ном гирифтанд. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Афсарони_Нерӯҳои_мусаллаҳи_Тоҷикистон"><span id=".D0.90.D1.84.D1.81.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.9D.D0.B5.D1.80.D3.AF.D2.B3.D0.BE.D0.B8_.D0.BC.D1.83.D1.81.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.BB.D0.B0.D2.B3.D0.B8_.D0.A2.D0.BE.D2.B7.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.BD"></span>Афсарони Нерӯҳои мусаллаҳи Тоҷикистон</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Вироиши қисмат: Афсарони Нерӯҳои мусаллаҳи Тоҷикистон" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Афсарони Нерӯҳои мусаллаҳи Тоҷикистон"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Дар <a href="/wiki/%D2%9A%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B2%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D2%B6%D1%83%D0%BC%D2%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Қувваҳои Мусаллаҳи Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон">Қувваҳои Мусаллаҳи Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон</a> як силсила рутбаҳои афсарӣ мавҷуданд<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>: </p> <ul><li><i>Афсарҳои олӣ</i> ё <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Солор">Солорон</a></i> (<i>солор</i> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Забони форсӣ">форсӣ:</a> <span lang="fa" dir="rtl" style="font-style:tahoma;font-size:1.2em"><b>سالار</b></span>‎» > <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Забони порсии миёна">порсии миёна:</a> <span lang="pal"><i>sālār</i></span> > <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Забони порсии бостон">порсии бостон:</a> <span lang="peo">* sar(a)-dāra-</span> > <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D3%A3" title="Забони паҳлавӣ">паҳлавӣ:</a> <span lang="xpr"><i>sarδār</i></span>, балхӣ: <i>σαλαρο</i>, <i>σαρλαρο</i>) гунае дигар аз «<i>сардор</i>» аст, ки аз куҳантарин замонҳо ба маънои «<i>раҳбар</i>, <i>пешво</i>, <i>фармондеҳ</i>; <i>генерал</i>» барои номгузории дараҷаҳои низомӣ ба кор меравад<sup id="cite_ref-Фарҳанг1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Фарҳанг1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Чунончи, дар сипоҳи Ашкониён ва Сосониён <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82" title="Вашт">рота</a> ба забони паҳлавӣ «<i>васт</i>» (порсии миёна: «<i>вашт</i>»), <a href="/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Ҳанг">полк</a> — «<i>дирафш</i>», <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Лашкар">дивизия</a> — «<i><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Гунд">гунд</a></i>» ва сардорону фармондеҳонашон «<i>васт-солор</i>» ё «<i><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Сарвашт">вашт-солор</a></i>», «<i><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Сарҳанг">дирафш-солор</a></i>» ва «<i><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Гундсолор">гунд-солор</a></i>» номида мешудаанд<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Дар замони <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Сомониён">Сомониён</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D2%92%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Ғазнавиён">Ғазнавиён</a> ва <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%B7%D1%83%D2%9B%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Салҷуқиён">Салҷуқиён</a> низ «<i>солор</i>» дар истилоҳи низомӣ сардору фармондеҳи <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D2%B3" title="Сипоҳ">сипоҳро</a> мегуфтанд<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>): <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Артишсолор">Артишсолор</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D2%B3%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Сипаҳсолор">Сипаҳсолор</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Лашкарсолор">Лашкарсолор</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Гундсолор">Гундсолор</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Афсарҳои калон</i> ё <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Сардор">Сардорон</a></i> (<i>сардор</i> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Забони форсӣ">форсӣ:</a> <span lang="fa" dir="rtl" style="font-style:tahoma;font-size:1.2em"><b>سردار</b></span>‎ «<i>солор</i>, <i>раҳбар</i>, <i>пешво</i>, <i>фармондеҳ</i>» < <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Забони порсии миёна">порсии миёна:</a> <span lang="pal"><i>sardār</i></span> < <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Забони порсии бостон">порсии бостон:</a> <span lang="peo"><i>* sar(a)-dāra-</i></span> > <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D3%A3" title="Забони паҳлавӣ">паҳлавӣ:</a> <span lang="xpr"><i>sarδār</i></span>; балхӣ: <i>σαρλαρο</i>, <i>σαλαρο</i>) аз дер замоне то кунун ба маънои «<i>фармондеҳу раҳбари як нерӯи низомӣ</i>» ба кор меравад<sup id="cite_ref-Фарҳанг2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Фарҳанг2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>): <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Сарҳанг">Сарҳанг</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%91%D1%80" title="Сарҳангёр">Сарҳангёр</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Саргурд">Саргурд</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Афсарҳои хурд</i> ё <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Саркарда">Саркардагон</a></i> (<i>саркарда</i> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Забони форсӣ">форсӣ:</a> <span lang="fa" dir="rtl" style="font-style:tahoma;font-size:1.2em"><b>سرکرده</b></span>‎) худ яке аз истилоҳоти куҳани низомӣ аст ва дар адабиёту фарҳангҳо ба маънои «<i>сардор</i>; <i>сардори лашкар</i>» аз дер боз ба кор меравад<sup id="cite_ref-Фарҳанг2_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Фарҳанг2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>): <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Сарвашт">Сарвашт</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Таҳморо">Таҳморо</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Таҳмдор">Таҳмдор</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Таҳмовар">Таҳмовар</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Нигаред_низ"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B8.D0.B3.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B4_.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.B7"></span>Нигаред низ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Вироиши қисмат: Нигаред низ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Нигаред низ"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC%D3%A3" title="Дараҷаи низомӣ">Дараҷаи низомӣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%B7%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Дараҷаҳои Нерӯҳои мусаллаҳи Тоҷикистон">Дараҷаҳои Нерӯҳои мусаллаҳи Тоҷикистон</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Дараҷаҳои_низомӣ" data-name="Дараҷаҳои низомӣ"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="colgroup" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><span class="navbox-gear" style="float:left;text-align:left;width:5em;margin-right:0.5em"><span class="noprint plainlinks nowrap" style="font-size:85%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%B7%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC%D3%A3" title="Дидани ин шаблон"><img alt="⚙️" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/14px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/21px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/28px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span> </span></span><div id="Дараҷаҳои_низомӣ" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC%D3%A3" title="Дараҷаи низомӣ">Дараҷаҳои низомӣ</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D3%AF%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Нерӯи заминӣ">Нерӯи заминӣ</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:Tajikistan_Armed_Forces_Shoulder_Patch.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Tajikistan_Armed_Forces_Shoulder_Patch.svg/20px-Tajikistan_Armed_Forces_Shoulder_Patch.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Tajikistan_Armed_Forces_Shoulder_Patch.svg/30px-Tajikistan_Armed_Forces_Shoulder_Patch.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Tajikistan_Armed_Forces_Shoulder_Patch.svg/40px-Tajikistan_Armed_Forces_Shoulder_Patch.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="5443" data-file-height="7076" /></a></span><br /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D3%AF%D0%B8_%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D3%A3" title="Нерӯи ҳавоӣ">Нерӯи ҳавоӣ</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:Roundel_of_Tajikistan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Roundel_of_Tajikistan.svg/20px-Roundel_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Roundel_of_Tajikistan.svg/30px-Roundel_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Roundel_of_Tajikistan.svg/40px-Roundel_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="1175" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B4EEB4;;width:1px">Сарбозон</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Сарбоз">Сарбоз</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%8E%D0%B7" title="Размюз">Размюз</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B4EEB4;;width:1px">Размоварон</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Размовар">Размовар</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Размдор">Размдор</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Разморо">Разморо</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Размозмо">Размозмо</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B4EEB4;;width:1px">Размсозон</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Размпардоз">Размпардоз</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Размсоз">Размсоз</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B4EEB4;;width:1px"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Саркарда">Саркардагон</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Таҳмовар">Таҳмовар</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Таҳмдор">Таҳмдор</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Таҳморо">Таҳморо</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Сарвон">Сарвон</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B4EEB4;;width:1px"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Сардор">Сардорон</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Саргурд">Саргурд</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%91%D1%80" title="Сарҳангёр">Сарҳангёр</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Сарҳанг">Сарҳанг</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B4EEB4;;width:1px"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Солор">Солорон</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Гундсолор">Гундсолор</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Лашкарсолор">Лашкарсолор</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D2%B3%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Сипаҳсолор">Сипаҳсолор</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Артишсолор">Артишсолор</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D3%AF%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%91%D3%A3" title="Нерӯи дарёӣ">Нерӯи дарёӣ</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%9C%D0%A4.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%9C%D0%A4.png/20px-%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%9C%D0%A4.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%9C%D0%A4.png/30px-%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%9C%D0%A4.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%9C%D0%A4.png/40px-%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%9C%D0%A4.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B5B5B5;;width:1px;text-align:right; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;">Новиён</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D3%A3" title="Новӣ">Новӣ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D3%A3" title="Сарновӣ">Сарновӣ</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B5B5B5;;width:1px;text-align:right; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;">Новёрон</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%91%D1%80_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Новёр дувум">Новёр дувум</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%91%D1%80_%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Новёр якум">Новёр якум</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%91%D1%80" title="Сарновёр">Сарновёр</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D2%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%91%D1%80" title="Меҳновёр">Меҳновёр</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B5B5B5;;width:1px;text-align:right; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;">Новдорон</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Новдор дувум">Новдор дувум</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Новдор якум">Новдор якум</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B5B5B5;;width:1px;text-align:right; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;">Саркардагон</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Новбон севум">Новбон севум</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Новбон дувум">Новбон дувум</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Новбон якум">Новбон якум</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Новсарвон">Новсарвон</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B5B5B5;;width:1px;text-align:right; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;">Сардорон</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Новхудо севум">Новхудо севум</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Новхудо дувум">Новхудо дувум</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Новхудо якум">Новхудо якум</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B5B5B5;;width:1px;text-align:right; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;">Солорон</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%91%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Дарёдор">Дарёдор</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%91%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Дарёбон">Дарёбон</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%91%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Дарёсолор">Дарёсолор</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Новгонсолор">Новгонсолор</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="infobox sisterproject"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/68px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/90px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption> </figcaption></figure> <div style="margin-left: 60px;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Анбори Википедиа">Анбори Википедиа</a> дар бораи ин мавзӯъ гурӯҳ дорад: <div style="margin-left: 20px;"><i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Military_officers" class="extiw" title="commons:Military officers">Афсар</a></b></i></div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Эзоҳ"><span id=".D0.AD.D0.B7.D0.BE.D2.B3"></span>Эзоҳ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Вироиши қисмат: Эзоҳ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Эзоҳ"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ҳасандӯст, Муҳаммад</i>. Фарҳанги решашинохтии забони форсӣ. Теҳрон: Фарҳангистони забону адаби форсӣ, Нашри осор, 1393. <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D2%B3%D0%BE/9786006143552" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-600-6143-55-2</a>. ҷ. 1, с. 244.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Фарҳанг1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Фарҳанг1_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Фарҳанг1_2-1">2.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Фарҳанги забони тоҷикӣ</i>. Зери таҳрири М. Ш. Шукуров, В. А. Капранов, Р. Ҳошим, Н. А. Маъсумӣ — М., «Советская Энциклопедия», 1969. ҷ. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/ShahnamaJildEShashumTajikFarsi/Shahnama%20Jild%20e%20Shashum%20%28Tajik%20Farsi%29_djvu.txt"><i>Абулқосим Фирдавсӣ</i>. Шоҳнома. — Душанбе: «Адиб», 2008. Таҳияи матн ва луғату тавзеҳот аз Камол Айнӣ ва Зоҳир Аҳрорӣ. Муҳаррир Мубашшир Акбарзод. ҷ. 6. — 480 саҳ. — ISBN 978-99947-32-84-5. — c. 88</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик">Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик</a>, Ҷилди 2. АСОС-БОЗ – Душанбе: Сарредаксияи илмии Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик, 2013, - с.125</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Katarzyna_Maksymiuk/publication/323545353_Kaveh_Farrokh_Gholamreza_Karamian_Katarzyna_Maksymiuk_A_Synopsis_of_Sasanian_Military_Organization_and_Combat_Units_Siedlce-Tehran_2018/links/5a9b94b0a6fdcc3cbacb690d/Kaveh-Farrokh-Gholamreza-Karamian-Katarzyna-Maksymiuk-A-Synopsis-of-Sasanian-Military-Organization-and-Combat-Units-Siedlce-Tehran-2018.pdf"><i>Kaveh Farrokh</i>, <i>Gholamreza Karamian</i>, <i>Katarzyna Maksymiuk</i>. A Synopsis of Sasanian Military Organization and Combat Units, Siedlce-Tehran 2018. — ISBN 978-83-62447-22-0. — c. 13</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFhttp://libisbn.ru/Farhang-va-tamaddun-i-Islami-dar-qalamraw-i-Samaniyan--or--cnivishtah-i-Muhammad-Riza-Naji/1/bibgjha1386"><i>Ноҷӣ, Муҳаммадризо.</i> Фарҳангу тамаддуни исломӣ дар қаламрави Сомониён. — Теҳрон: Амири Кабир, 1386. — С. 252. — 904 с. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D2%B3%D0%BE/9640010863" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 964-00-1086-3</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Фарҳанг2-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Фарҳанг2_7-0">7.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Фарҳанг2_7-1">7.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/FarhangEZabanETajikiJildEDuvumTajikFarsi/page/n213?q=%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3"><i>Фарҳанги забони тоҷикӣ</i>. Зери таҳрири М. Ш. Шукуров, В. А. Капранов, Р. Ҳошим, Н. А. Маъсумӣ — М., «Советская Энциклопедия», 1969. ҷ. 2.</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Баргирифта аз "<a dir="ltr" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Афсар&oldid=1306036">https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Афсар&oldid=1306036</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Вижа:Гурӯҳҳо">Гурӯҳҳо</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Гурӯҳ:Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик">Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%B7%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC%D3%A3" title="Гурӯҳ:Дараҷаҳои низомӣ">Дараҷаҳои низомӣ</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC%D3%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Симатҳои низомӣ (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Симатҳои низомӣ</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Гурӯҳи пинҳон: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B5%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8_ISBN" title="Гурӯҳ:Саҳифаҳои дорои пайванди сеҳрноки ISBN">Саҳифаҳои дорои пайванди сеҳрноки ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ин саҳифаро бори охир дар 7 июли 2022, 10:15 вироиш карда буданд.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Матн зери иҷозатномаи <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> дастрас мебошад, дигар иҷозатномаҳои иловагӣ низ ба кор бурда мешаванд. Ниг. <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Қоидаҳои истифодаро</a> барои маълумоти бештар.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Сиёсати ҳифзи асрор</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%9E%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%BE%D3%A3_%D0%B1%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0">Дар бораи Википедиа</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B8%D2%B3%D0%B0:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BC%D3%A3">Такзибнома</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Таҳиягарон</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/tg.wikipedia.org">Омор</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Созишномаи куки</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//tg.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Намуди мобилӣ</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-74cc59cb9d-j5nz9","wgBackendResponseTime":238,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.145","walltime":"0.216","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1214,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":36280,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1667,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":12,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":6115,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 145.389 1 -total"," 52.77% 76.726 1 Шаблон:Дараҷаҳои_низомӣ"," 51.26% 74.528 1 Шаблон:Navbox"," 16.87% 24.533 1 Шаблон:Эзоҳ"," 8.75% 12.725 1 Шаблон:Книга"," 5.35% 7.777 2 Шаблон:Navbox_subgroup"," 4.73% 6.877 2 Шаблон:Lang-ru"," 3.44% 5.004 2 Шаблон:Забон-код"," 3.41% 4.959 2 Шаблон:Lang-en"," 2.43% 3.530 5 Шаблон:Lang-fa"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.020","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1161523,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-79c478c76-xrhjw","timestamp":"20241128001443","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0410\u0444\u0441\u0430\u0440","url":"https:\/\/tg.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q189290","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q189290","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-12-25T08:15:04Z","dateModified":"2022-07-07T10:15:36Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/02\/Afgan1987_Gardez_UAZ469.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>