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id="n-Txikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Txikipedia:Azala"><span>Txikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Ikusgela" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Atari:Hezkuntza/Ikusgela"><span>Ikusgela</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Txokoa" title="Proiektuaren inguruan, zer egin dezakezu, non aurkitu nahi duzuna"><span>Txokoa</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:AzkenAldaketak" title="Wikiko azken aldaketen zerrenda. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Aldaketa berriak</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:Ausazkoa" title="Ausazko orrialde bat kargatu [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Ausazko orria</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" title="Aurkitzeko lekua."><span>Laguntza</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Azala" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Entziklopedia askea" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-eu.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:Bilatu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Wikipedia(e)n bilatu [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Bilatu</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Wikipedia wikian bilatu" aria-label="Wikipedia wikian bilatu" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Wikipedia(e)n bilatu [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Berezi:Bilatu"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Bilatu</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Tresna pertsonalak"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itxura"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itxura" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itxura</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eu.wikipedia.org&uselang=eu" class=""><span>Dohaintza egin</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:KontuaSortu&returnto=Avizena" title="Kontu bat sortu eta horrekin saioa hastea eskatu nahi genizuke; ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea." class=""><span>Sortu kontua</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=Avizena" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Hasi saioa</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Aukera gehiago" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresna pertsonalak" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresna pertsonalak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eu.wikipedia.org&uselang=eu"><span>Dohaintza egin</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:KontuaSortu&returnto=Avizena" title="Kontu bat sortu eta horrekin saioa hastea eskatu nahi genizuke; ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Sortu kontua</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=Avizena" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Hasi saioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Izena eman gabeko erabiltzaileentzako orrialdeak <a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" aria-label="Artikuluak aldatzeari buruz gehiago ikasi"><span>gehiago ikasi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEkarpenak" title="IP helbide honetatik egindako aldaketen zerrenda [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Ekarpenak</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEztabaida" title="Zure IParen eztabaida [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Edukiak" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Edukiak</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">⇑ Gora</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Testuinguru_kulturala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Testuinguru_kulturala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Testuinguru kulturala</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Testuinguru_kulturala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Biografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Obra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Obra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Obra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Obra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medikuntzako_ekarpenak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medikuntzako_ekarpenak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Medikuntzako ekarpenak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medikuntzako_ekarpenak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Doktrina_filosofikoa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Doktrina_filosofikoa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Doktrina filosofikoa</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Doktrina_filosofikoa-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Doktrina filosofikoa azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Doktrina_filosofikoa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ekialde_mistikoa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekialde_mistikoa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Ekialde mistikoa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ekialde_mistikoa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aingerua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aingerua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Aingerua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aingerua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alkimia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alkimia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Alkimia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alkimia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Besterik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Besterik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Besterik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Besterik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Erreferentziak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ikus,_gainera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ikus,_gainera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Ikus, gainera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ikus,_gainera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Avizena</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 153 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-153" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">153 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – Suitzako alemana" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Suitzako alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A2%E1%89%A5%E1%8A%95_%E1%88%B2%E1%8A%93" title="ኢብን ሲና – amharera" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኢብን ሲና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicena" title="Avicena – aragoiera" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Avicena" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ابن سينا – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ابن سينا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ابن سينا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ابن سينا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicena" title="Avicena – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Avicena" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0bn_Sina" title="İbn Sina – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İbn Sina" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ابن سینا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ابن سینا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%B1%D2%AF%D2%93%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Әбүғәлисина – baxkirera" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Әбүғәлисина" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkirera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Av%C4%97cena" title="Avėcena – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Avėcena" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Авіцэна – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Авіцэна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Авіцэна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Авіцэна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibnu_Sina" title="Ibnu Sina – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Ibnu Sina" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Авицена – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Авицена" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="इब्न सीना – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इब्न सीना" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibnu_Sina" title="Ibnu Sina – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Ibnu Sina" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="ইবনে সিনা – bengalera" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইবনে সিনা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avisenna" title="Avisenna – bretoiera" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Avisenna" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn-Sina" title="Ibn-Sina – bosniera" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ibn-Sina" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibnu_Sina" title="Ibnu Sina – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Ibnu Sina" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ибн Сина – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Ибн Сина" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ибн Сина – txetxenera" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ибн Сина" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="txetxenera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicena" title="Avicena – cebuanoera" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Avicena" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuanoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ئیبن سینا – erdialdeko kurduera" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیبن سینا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="erdialdeko kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0bn_Sina" title="İbn Sina – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İbn Sina" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ибн Сина – txuvaxera" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ибн Сина" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – galesa" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0bni_Sina" title="İbni Sina – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İbni Sina" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Αβικέννας – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αβικέννας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviceno" title="Aviceno – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aviceno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicena" title="Avicena – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Avicena" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_S%C4%ABn%C4%81" title="Ibn Sīnā – estoniera" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ibn Sīnā" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicena" title="Avicena – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Avicena" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ابن سینا – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ابن سینا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_sina" title="Ibn sina – fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Ibn sina" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenne" title="Avicenne – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Avicenne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avisenna" title="Avisenna – mendebaldeko frisiera" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Avisenna" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="mendebaldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – irlandera" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E8%A5%BF%E9%82%A3" title="伊本·西那 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="伊本·西那" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenne" title="Avicenne – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Avicenne" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicena" title="Avicena – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Avicena" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ابن سینا – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="ابن سینا" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avis%C3%A9na" title="Aviséna – guaraniera" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Aviséna" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibnu_Sina" title="Ibnu Sina – gorontaloera" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Ibnu Sina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontaloera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sina" title="Ibn Sina – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ibn Sina" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%91%D7%9F_%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%90" title="אבן סינא – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אבן סינא" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="इब्न सीना – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इब्न सीना" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicena" title="Avicena – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Avicena" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BE%D5%AB%D6%81%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Ավիցեննա – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ավիցեննա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibnu_Sina" title="Ibnu Sina – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ibnu Sina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – ilocanoera" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocanoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ибн Сина – ingushera" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Ибн Сина" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingushera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – islandiera" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%96%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC" title="イブン・スィーナー – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イブン・スィーナー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avisena" title="Avisena – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Avisena" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibnu_Sina" title="Ibnu Sina – javera" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ibnu Sina" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="იბნ სინა – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იბნ სინა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Ali_Ibn_Sina" title="Abu Ali Ibn Sina – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Abu Ali Ibn Sina" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sina" title="Ibn Sina – kabiliera" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ibn Sina" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabiliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ибн Сина – kazakhera" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ибн Сина" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A8" title="ಅವಿಸೆನ್ನ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅವಿಸೆನ್ನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B8%90_%EC%8B%9C%EB%82%98" title="이븐 시나 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이븐 시나" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ابن سینا – kaxmirera" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ابن سینا" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kaxmirera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ebn_S%C3%AEna" title="Îbn Sîna – kurduera" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Îbn Sîna" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – kornubiera" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornubiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ибн Сина – kirgizera" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ибн Сина" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – limburgera" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicena" title="Avicena – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Avicena" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibnu_Sina" title="Ibnu Sina – madurera" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Ibnu Sina" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="madurera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sina" title="Ibn Sina – malgaxea" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ibn Sina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibnu_Sina" title="Ibnu Sina – minangkabauera" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Ibnu Sina" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabauera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Авицена – mazedoniera" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Авицена" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="mazedoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%81_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A8" title="ഇബ്നു സീന – malabarera" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇബ്നു സീന" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Авиценна – mongoliera" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Авиценна" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="इब्न सिना – marathera" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इब्न सिना" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibnu_Sina" title="Ibnu Sina – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ibnu Sina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abicena" title="Abicena – mirandesa" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Abicena" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%97%E1%80%AE%E1%80%86%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AC" title="အာဗီဆန်နာ – birmaniera" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အာဗီဆန်နာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Авиценна – erziera" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Авиценна" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="بوعلی سینا – mazandarandera" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بوعلی سینا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – behe-alemana" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="behe-alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn-Sin%C3%A2" title="Ibn-Sinâ – nynorsk (norvegiera)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ibn-Sinâ" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicena" title="Avicena – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Avicena" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE" title="ਇਬਨ ਸੀਨਾ – punjabera" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਬਨ ਸੀਨਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awicenna" title="Awicenna – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Awicenna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avic%C3%ABnna" title="Avicënna – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Avicënna" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ابن سینا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ابن سینا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%8A" title="ابن سينا بلخي – paxtunera" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ابن سينا بلخي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxtunera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicena" title="Avicena – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Avicena" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ибн Сина – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ибн Сина" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Авіценна – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Авіценна" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8" title="अविसेन्न – sanskritoa" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="अविसेन्न" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskritoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ибн Сина – sakhera" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ибн Сина" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱮᱵᱷᱤᱥᱮᱱᱟ – santalera" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱮᱵᱷᱤᱥᱮᱱᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ابن سينا – sindhia" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ابن سينا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sina" title="Ibn Sina – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ibn Sina" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="بو علی سینا – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="بو علی سینا" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – esloveniera" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Siinaa" title="Ibn Siinaa – somaliera" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Ibn Siinaa" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sina" title="Ibn Sina – albaniera" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ibn Sina" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ибн Сина – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ибн Сина" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibnu_Sina" title="Ibnu Sina – sundanera" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Ibnu Sina" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sina" title="Ibn Sina – swahilia" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ibn Sina" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE" title="இப்னு சீனா – tamilera" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இப்னு சீனா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%86_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE" title="ఇబ్నె సీనా – telugua" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇబ్నె సీనా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Ибни Сино – tajikera" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ибни Сино" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajikera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" title="อิบน์ ซีนา – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อิบน์ ซีนา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Aly_ibn_Sina" title="Abu Aly ibn Sina – turkmenera" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Abu Aly ibn Sina" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – tagaloa" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagaloa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sina" title="Ibn Sina – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Ibn Sina" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0bn_Sina" title="İbn Sina – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İbn Sina" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%B1%D1%83_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Әбу Гали ибн Сина – tatarera" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Әбу Гали ибн Сина" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ибн Сина – tuvera" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Ибн Сина" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EF%BA%8B%EF%AF%A9%EF%BA%92%EF%AF%A9%EF%BB%A6_%EF%BA%B3%EF%AF%A9%EF%BB%A8%EF%BA%8E" title="ﺋﯩﺒﯩﻦ ﺳﯩﻨﺎ – uigurrera" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ﺋﯩﺒﯩﻦ ﺳﯩﻨﺎ" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigurrera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Авіценна – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Авіценна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ابن سینا – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ابن سینا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Ali_ibn_Sino" title="Abu Ali ibn Sino – uzbekera" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Abu Ali ibn Sino" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sina" title="Ibn Sina – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Ibn Sina" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – warayera" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warayera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E8%A5%BF%E9%82%A3" title="伊本·西那 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊本·西那" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="იბნ სინა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="იბნ სინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%90" title="אוויצענא – yiddisha" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אוויצענא" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddisha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – jorubera" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E8%A5%BF%E9%82%A3" title="伊本·西那 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊本·西那" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%B6%AD%E6%A3%AE%E7%B4%8D" title="阿維森納 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="阿維森納" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Avicenna" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E8%B3%93%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%BF" title="伊賓斯拿 – kantonera" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊賓斯拿" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8011#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu loturak</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Izen-tarteak"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Avizena" title="Eduki orrialdea ikusi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulua</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eztabaida:Avizena" rel="discussion" title="Artikuluari buruzko eztabaida [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aldatu hizkuntza aldaera" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">euskara</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Ikusketak"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Avizena"><span>Irakurri</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit" title="Orri hau aldatu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Aldatu</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit" title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=history" title="Artikulu honen aurreko bertsioak. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ikusi historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresnak" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresnak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tresnak</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ekintzak </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Avizena"><span>Irakurri</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit" title="Orri hau aldatu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Aldatu</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit" title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=history"><span>Ikusi historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Orokorra </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:ZerkLotzenDuHona/Avizena" title="Orri honetaranzko esteka duten wiki orri guztien zerrenda [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Honanzko esteka duten orriak</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:RecentChangesLinked/Avizena" rel="nofollow" title="Orri honetatik esteka duten orrietako azken aldaketak [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Lotutako orrietako aldaketak</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=eu" title="Irudiak edo media fitxategiak igo [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Fitxategia igo</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:OrrialdeBereziak" title="Orri berezi guztien zerrenda [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Orri bereziak</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&oldid=9870191" title="Orriaren bertsio honetaranzko esteka iraunkorra"><span>Lotura iraunkorra</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=info" title="Orrialde honi buruzko informazio gehiago"><span>Orri honen datuak</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:CiteThisPage&page=Avizena&id=9870191&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Orri honen aipua egiteko moduari buruzko informazioa"><span>Artikulu hau aipatu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAvizena"><span>URL laburra lortu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAvizena"><span>QR kodea jaitsi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Inprimatu/esportatu </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Avizena"><span>Liburu bat sortu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:DownloadAsPdf&page=Avizena&action=show-download-screen"><span>Deskargatu PDF formatuan</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&printable=yes" title="Orrialde honen bertsio inprimagarria [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Inprimatzeko bertsioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Beste proiektuetan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Avicenna" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8011" title="Datuen biltegi elementu batera lotuta [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata itema</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itxura"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Itxura</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-1-Wikipedia10000" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_guztiek_izan_beharreko_artikuluen_zerrenda/3._maila" title="Artikulu hau Wikipedia guztiek izan beharreko artikuluen zerrendaren parte da"><img alt="Artikulu hau Wikipedia guztiek izan beharreko artikuluen zerrendaren parte da" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikipedia-1000.png/20px-Wikipedia-1000.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikipedia-1000.png/30px-Wikipedia-1000.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikipedia-1000.png/40px-Wikipedia-1000.png 2x" data-file-width="1122" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia, Entziklopedia askea</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(«<a href="/w/index.php?title=Avicena&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Avicena">Avicena</a>» orritik birbideratua)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="hd" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: lightsteelblue">Avizena</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Pursina.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Pursina.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="342" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="213" data-file-height="280" /></a></span><br /><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Avicenna" title="c:Category:Avicenna"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/10px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Avicenna" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Avicenna">Irudi gehiago</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><table class="infotaula" align="right" cellspacing="5" style="margin-width: 0; width:100%; text-align:left; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background-color: lightsteelblue;"> <a href="/wiki/Bisir" title="Bisir">Bisir</a></th></tr></tbody></table> <br />1024 - 1037</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Bizitza</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Jaiotzako izen-deiturak</th><td class="infobox-data">أبو علي الحسين بن عبد الله بن الحسن بن علي بن سينا</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Jaiotza</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afshona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afshona (sortu gabe)">Afshona</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4072887?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/980" title="980">980ko</a> <a href="/wiki/Abuztuaren_22" title="Abuztuaren 22">abuztuaren 22a</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Herrialdea</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Samandar_Inperioa" title="Samandar Inperioa">Samandar Inperioa</a> <br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buyid_dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buyid dynasty (sortu gabe)">Buyid dynasty</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Bizilekua</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ray" class="mw-redirect" title="Ray">Ray</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q636188?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Bukhara" title="Bukhara">Bukhara</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urgench&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urgench (sortu gabe)">Urgench</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472925?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Gorgan" title="Gorgan">Gorgan</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Hamadan" title="Hamadan">Hamadan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lehen hizkuntza</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Persiera" title="Persiera">persiera</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Heriotza</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hamadan" title="Hamadan">Hamadan</a>, <a href="/wiki/1037" title="1037">1037ko</a> <a href="/wiki/Ekainaren_21" title="Ekainaren 21">ekainaren 21a</a> (56 urte) (56/57 urte)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Hobiratze lekua</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avicenna_Mausoleum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avicenna Mausoleum (sortu gabe)">Avicenna Mausoleum</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5952145?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Hezkuntza</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Hizkuntzak</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arabiera" title="Arabiera">arabiera</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Persiera" title="Persiera">persiera</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Irakaslea(k)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abu_Sahl_%27Isa_ibn_Yahya_al-Masihi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abu Sahl 'Isa ibn Yahya al-Masihi (sortu gabe)">Abu Sahl 'Isa ibn Yahya al-Masihi</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2822092?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Ikaslea(k)</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;">ikusi</div> <ul class="NavContent" style="list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahmany%C4%81r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahmanyār (sortu gabe)">Bahmanyār</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151481?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Abi_Sadiq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn Abi Sadiq (sortu gabe)">Ibn Abi Sadiq</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116689?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_ibn_Yusuf_al-Ilaqi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali ibn Yusuf al-Ilaqi (sortu gabe)">Ali ibn Yusuf al-Ilaqi</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117991?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Jarduerak</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Jarduerak</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Filosofo" title="Filosofo">filosofoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta">poeta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astronomo" title="Astronomo">astronomoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mediku" title="Mediku">medikua</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikaren_teoriko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musikaren teoriko (sortu gabe)">musikaren teorikoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fisikari" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisikari">fisikaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matematikari" title="Matematikari">matematikaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kimikari" title="Kimikari">kimikaria</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethicist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ethicist (sortu gabe)">ethicist</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5403434?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Alfaki" title="Alfaki">Alfakia</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Idazle" title="Idazle">idazlea</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lan nabarmenak</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;">ikusi</div> <ul class="NavContent" style="list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canon_of_Medicine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Canon of Medicine (sortu gabe)">Canon of Medicine</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466060?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Book_of_Healing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Book of Healing (sortu gabe)">The Book of Healing</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030940?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-isharat_wa_al-tanbihat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-isharat wa al-tanbihat (sortu gabe)">Al-isharat wa al-tanbihat</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22948618?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Influentziak</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni">Al-Biruni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plotino" title="Plotino">Plotino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mahoma" title="Mahoma">Muhammad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galeno" title="Galeno">Galeno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hipokrates" title="Hipokrates">Hipokrates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avenzoar" title="Avenzoar">Aventzoar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasil_ibn_Ata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wasil ibn Ata (sortu gabe)">Wasil ibn Ata</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abu_Zayd_al-Balkhi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abu Zayd al-Balkhi (sortu gabe)">Abu Zayd al-Balkhi</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335516?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Al-Kindi" title="Al-Kindi">Al-Kindi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ar-Razi" title="Ar-Razi">Al-Razi</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Al_Farabi" title="Al Farabi">Al Farabi</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Sinesmenak eta ideologia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Erlijioa</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islama</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Xiismo" title="Xiismo">Xiismoa</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Abu-Ali al-Hussayn ibn Abdullah ibn Sina</b> (<a href="/wiki/Persiera" title="Persiera">persieraz</a>: <span lang="fa">ابوعلى سينا‎</span>; <a href="/wiki/Arabiera" title="Arabiera">arabieraz</a>: <span lang="ar">أبو علي الحسين بن عبد الله بن سينا‎</span>, <i>Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Sīnā</i>; <a href="/wiki/Khorasan" title="Khorasan">Khorasan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bukhara" title="Bukhara">Bukhara</a> ondoan, gaurko <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/980" title="980">980ko</a> <a href="/wiki/Abuztuaren_22" title="Abuztuaren 22">abuztuaren 22a</a> - <a href="/wiki/Hamadan" title="Hamadan">Hamadan</a>, gaurko <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/1037" title="1037">1037ko</a> <a href="/wiki/Ekainaren_21" title="Ekainaren 21">ekainaren 21a</a>), <b>Avizena</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> edo <b>Ibn Sina</b> gisa ezagunagoa, persiar <a href="/wiki/Mediku" title="Mediku">mediku</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filosofo" title="Filosofo">filosofo</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Zientzialari" title="Zientzialari">zientzialari</a> bat izan zen. <a href="/wiki/Erdi_Aro" class="mw-redirect" title="Erdi Aro">Erdi Aroko</a> <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islameko</a> filosoforik ospetsuena da. <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a> interpretatzerakoan <a href="/wiki/Neoplatoniko" class="mw-redirect" title="Neoplatoniko">neoplatonikoen</a> ildotik ibili zen. Beraren zenbait testu gorde dira, horietako bat <i>Medikuntzaren Kanona</i>, testu klasiko bilakatu zena medikuntzaren irakaskuntzan, eta eragin handia izan zuena <a href="/wiki/XVI._mende" class="mw-redirect" title="XVI. mende">XVI. mendea</a> arte, <a href="/wiki/Ekialdea_(kultura)" title="Ekialdea (kultura)">Ekialdean</a> nahiz <a href="/wiki/Mendebaldea_(kultura)" title="Mendebaldea (kultura)">Mendebaldean</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Arabiar_mundua" title="Arabiar mundua">Arabiar munduko</a> <a href="/wiki/Medikuntza" title="Medikuntza">medikuntzaren</a> egile eta <a href="/wiki/Erdi_Aroa" title="Erdi Aroa">Erdi Aroko</a> mediku nagusitzat jotzen da. Bere entziklopedia medikoa, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerardo_Cremonakoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerardo Cremonakoa (sortu gabe)">Gerardo Cremonakoak</a> <a href="/wiki/Toledo" title="Toledo">Toledon</a> egindako latinezko itzulpenean, <i>Canon</i> izenburuaz, medikuntza irakasteko oinarrizko testua izan zen <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europan</a> XVIII. mendera arte.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Haren jarraitzaileek «jakintsuen printze» edo «medikuen printze» edo <i>aix-xaykh ar-rais</i> deitzen zioten, hau da, «maisu nagusia». </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Testuinguru_kulturala">Testuinguru kulturala</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Testuinguru kulturala»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Testuinguru kulturala"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Avizenak <a href="/wiki/Literatura" title="Literatura">literatura</a> <a href="/wiki/Testu_corpus" title="Testu corpus">corpus</a> zabal bat sortu zuen, oro har, <a href="/wiki/Islamiar_Urrezko_Aroa" title="Islamiar Urrezko Aroa">Islamiar Urrezko Aroan</a>, mende haietan <a href="/wiki/Antzinako_Grezia" title="Antzinako Grezia">Grezia</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Antzinako_Erroma" title="Antzinako Erroma">Erroma</a> klasikoen, <a href="/wiki/Persiar" title="Persiar">persiarren</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo">hinduismoaren</a> testuen itzulpenak sakonki aztertuak izan baitziren. Eskola <a href="/wiki/Neoplatonismo" title="Neoplatonismo">neoplatoniko</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Aristotelismo" title="Aristotelismo">aristotelikoko</a> nahiz <a href="/wiki/Al-Kindi" title="Al-Kindi">Al-Kindi</a> eskolako testu grekoz edo latinez idatzitakoak berriro ere argitaratu ziren, intelektual <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islamiarrek</a> funtsezko garapenekin. Halaber, persiarrek eta hinduek sortutako <a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">matematika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia">astronomia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aljebra" title="Aljebra">aljebra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trigonometria" title="Trigonometria">trigonometria</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Medikuntza" title="Medikuntza">medikuntza</a> zientziak asko garatu zituzten.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Samandar_Inperioa" title="Samandar Inperioa">Samandar Inperioak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persiar_Inperioa" title="Persiar Inperioa">Persiaren</a> ekialdean, <a href="/wiki/Khorasan_Handia" title="Khorasan Handia">Khorasan Handia</a> deiturikoan eta <a href="/wiki/Erdialdeko_Asia" title="Erdialdeko Asia">Erdialdeko Asian</a>, eta buyidtar dinastiak, Persia mendebaldean eta <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Iraken</a>, giro egokia sustatu zuten kultura eta irakaskuntza garatzeko. Samandarren azpian, <a href="/wiki/Bukhara" title="Bukhara">Bukhara</a> lehia bizian aritu zen <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdadekin</a>, islamiar munduaren kultura hiriburu izateko.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <p><a href="/wiki/Koran" title="Koran">Koranaren</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">hadithen</a> ikerketak aurrera egin zuen giro horretan. <a href="/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia">Filosofia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fiqh" title="Fiqh">fiqh</a>) eta <a href="/wiki/Teologia" title="Teologia">teologia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kalam" title="Kalam">kalam</a>) ere Avizenak eta haren aurkariek garatu zituzten nagusiki. <a href="/wiki/Ar-Razi" title="Ar-Razi">Ar-Razík</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Al_Farabi" title="Al Farabi">Al-Farabík</a> behar zen metodologia eta jkintza ezarri zuten medikuntzan eta <a href="/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia">filosofian</a>. <a href="/wiki/Balkh" title="Balkh">Balkh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khwarezm" title="Khwarezm">Khwarezm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gorgan" title="Gorgan">Gorgan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rayy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rayy (sortu gabe)">Rayy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Hamadan" title="Hamadan">Hamadaneko</a> liburutegi handiak eskura izan zituen Avizenak. Testu batzuetan ikusten ahal da garai hartako jakintsu handien puntu filosofiko nagusiak eztabaidatu zituela.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nizami Aruzi poetak azaltzen du nola Avizenak, Khwarezmetik irten aurretik, ezagutu zituen <a href="/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni">Abu-Rayhan al-Biruni</a> zientzialari eta astronomo ospetsua, <a href="/wiki/Abu_Nasr_Mansur" title="Abu Nasr Mansur">Abu Nasr Mansur</a> matematikari ospetsua, Abu-Sahl al-Massihi filosofoa eta Ibn al-Khammar medikua.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Avicenna.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Avicenna.jpg/220px-Avicenna.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="341" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Avicenna.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="301" data-file-height="467" /></a><figcaption>Avizenaren marrazki bat, XIII. mendeko <a href="/wiki/Eskuizkribu" title="Eskuizkribu">eskuizkribu</a> batean.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografia">Biografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Biografia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Biografia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Avizena <a href="/wiki/Khorasan" title="Khorasan">Khorasanen</a> jaio zen, <a href="/wiki/Bukhara" title="Bukhara">Bukharatik</a> gertu, egungo <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistanen</a>. Aita musulman <a href="/wiki/Ismailismo" title="Ismailismo">ismailita</a> zen,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECorbin2014167-175._8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECorbin2014167-175.-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> eta ama, ziurrenik, <a href="/wiki/Judu" title="Judu">judu</a> jatorrikoa, nahiz eta zalantzazkoa den hori. Haurtzaroan, al-Natili izeneko merkatari batekin bidali zuten, <a href="/wiki/Kalkulu_(matematikaren_adarra)" title="Kalkulu (matematikaren adarra)">kalkulua</a> ikas zezan. Memoria ona zuenez, berehala gainditu zuen maisua kalkuluan eta matematikan. Aita funtzionario izendatu zutenean, berarekin batera joan zen Bukharara, orduan samandarren hiriburura; han hasi zen ikasten garaiko jakintzak, hala nola <a href="/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika">fisika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">matematika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia">filosofia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Koran" title="Koran">Korana</a> edo <a href="/wiki/Logika" title="Logika">logika</a>. Dirudienez, <a href="/wiki/Koran" title="Koran">Korana</a> osorik zekien buruz 10 urte zituela.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 14 urterekin, bakarka ikasten zituen <a href="/wiki/Natura-zientziak" title="Natura-zientziak">natura zientziak</a> eta medikuntza. <a href="/wiki/Al_Farabi" title="Al Farabi">Al-Farabiren</a> tratatu baten laguntza ukan zuen, <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristotelesen</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Metafisika#Errealitatea_substantzia_gisa" title="Metafisika">Metafisika</a></i> aztertzerakoan aurkitu zituen zailtasunak gainditu ahal izateko.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECorbin2014167-175._8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECorbin2014167-175.-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Avicenna_Mausoleum_interior.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Avicenna_Mausoleum_interior.jpg/220px-Avicenna_Mausoleum_interior.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Avicenna_Mausoleum_interior.jpg/330px-Avicenna_Mausoleum_interior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Avicenna_Mausoleum_interior.jpg/440px-Avicenna_Mausoleum_interior.jpg 2x" data-file-width="681" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Avizenaren hilobiaren barruko bista, <a href="/wiki/Hamadan" title="Hamadan">Hamadanen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p>16 urte zituenean, teoria medikoa ikasteaz gain, gaixoei doako laguntza ematen zien —beraren kontakizunaren arabera—, eta haientzako tratamendu metodo berriak aurkitu zituen. 17 urterekin ospea lortu zuen Nuh II ibn Mansur II. <a href="/wiki/Emir" title="Emir">emiraren</a> bizitza salbatzeagatik.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trukean, errege liburutegian sartzeko baimena soilik eskatu zuen, eta, horri esker, <a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">matematika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Musika" title="Musika">musika</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia">astronomia</a> jakintzak zabaldu ahal izan zituen. Bere jakintza grinak eraginda, 18 urterekin zientzia ezagun guztiei buruzko jakintza aurreratuak zituen. Gainera, gorteko medikua eta zientzia gaietako aholkularia izan zen, <a href="/wiki/Samandar_Inperioa" title="Samandar Inperioa">Samandar Inperioa</a> erori zen arte, 999an. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hamadan" title="Hamadan">Hamadan</a>, Xams-ad-Dawla buyidtar emirrak ministro hautatu zuen. Orduan, lan programa nekagarri bat ezarri zion bere buruari: egunez, kudeaketa publikoan aritzen zen; gauez, zientzian. Horrela, lan bikoitza egiten zuen: <i>Sendaketa Liburua</i> (<i>Kitāb al-Shifā</i>) eta <i>Medikuntza Kanona</i> (<i>al-Qānūn fī l-ṭibb</i>) liburuen konposizioa zuzentzen zuen.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1021ean, Xams-ad-Dawla printzearen heriotzak eta Sama al-Dawla semearen erregealdiaren hasieran, funtzionario askoren anbizioak eta gorrotoak piztu ziren. Intriga politikoen biktima, Avizenna espetxeratu egin zuten.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDavis199382._10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDavis199382.-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dervixe" title="Dervixe">Dervixez</a> mozorrotuta ihes egitea lortu zuen, eta <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahanera</a> joan zen, Ala al-Dawla Muhammed <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q928936" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q928936">kakuyida</a> militarrarekin batera. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:5O3A3530.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/5O3A3530.jpg/220px-5O3A3530.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/5O3A3530.jpg/330px-5O3A3530.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/5O3A3530.jpg/440px-5O3A3530.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="3840" /></a><figcaption>Avizenaren mausoleoa eta museoa, <a href="/wiki/Hamadan" title="Hamadan">Hamadan</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>32 urte zituela, Avizena bere maisulana, <i>al-Qānūn fī l-ṭibb</i> (<i>Medikuntza kanona</i>), idazten hasi zen, bere garaiko jakintza mediko eta farmazeutikoen bilduma antolatu bat, 5 liburukitan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJaramillo200517._11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJaramillo200517.-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hamadan" title="Hamadan">Hamadanera</a> egindako espedizio batean, Avizenak <a href="/wiki/Eritasun" title="Eritasun">eritasun</a> larri bat izan zuen <a href="/wiki/Heste" title="Heste">hesteetan</a>, aspaldidanik jasaten zuena, gehiegizko lanagatik eta plazerengatik, dirudienez.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGiné1869216._12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGiné1869216.-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bere burua sendatzen saiatu zen, baina sendabidea oso txarra izan zen. Berrogeita hamazazpi urte zituela hil zen, 1037ko abuztuan. Hiltzear zegoela, ondasunak <a href="/wiki/Pobretasun" title="Pobretasun">behartsuei</a> eman zizkien, <a href="/wiki/Esklabotza" title="Esklabotza">esklaboak</a> askatu eta <a href="/wiki/Koran" title="Koran">Korana</a> hiru egunetik behin irakurtzen zuen, hil arte. <a href="/wiki/Hamadan" title="Hamadan">Hamadanen</a> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">(Iran</a>) lurperatu zuten.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOsler202372._13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOsler202372.-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Obra">Obra</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Obra»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Obra"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Avizenaren obra ugaria eta askotarikoa da, nahiz adituen iritziak ez datozen bat haren zabaltasunaz: Georges Chehata Anawati <a href="/wiki/Egipto" title="Egipto">egiptoar</a> filosofoaren arabera, 276 liburu; Yahya Mahdavi <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">iraniar</a> irakaslearen arabera, 242.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Avizenak bere garaiko «jakintza hizkuntzan» idatzi zuen nagusiki, hau da, <a href="/wiki/Arabiera_klasiko" title="Arabiera klasiko">arabiera klasikoan</a>, baina, batzuetan, bere ahozko hizkuntzan, <a href="/wiki/Persiera" title="Persiera">persieraz</a> ere idatzi zuen. Haren obra osotik, gaur egun 105 bolumen gordetzen dira, batzuk izaera entziklopediko nabarmenekoak, <i>Kitāb al-Shifā</i> edo <i>Sendaketaren Liburua</i> bezala. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Avicenna_-_Canon_of_Medicine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Avicenna_-_Canon_of_Medicine.jpg/220px-Avicenna_-_Canon_of_Medicine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="341" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Avicenna_-_Canon_of_Medicine.jpg/330px-Avicenna_-_Canon_of_Medicine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Avicenna_-_Canon_of_Medicine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="386" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption><i>Medikuntzaren</i> <i>Kanonaren</i> irudi bat.</figcaption></figure> <p>Obra handiak egin zituen, beste batzuk apalagoak, baita testu laburrak ere. Haren lanak garaiko jakintzaren hedadura osoa hartu zuen:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAguado2004143._15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAguado2004143.-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Logika" title="Logika">Logika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hizkuntzalaritza" title="Hizkuntzalaritza">linguistika</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Olerkigintza" title="Olerkigintza">poesia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika">Fisika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psikologia" title="Psikologia">psikologia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medikuntza" title="Medikuntza">medikuntza</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Kimika" title="Kimika">kimika</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">Matematika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Musika" title="Musika">musika</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia">astronomia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral" title="Moral">Morala</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Ekonomia" title="Ekonomia">ekonomia</a> zientziak.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metafisika" title="Metafisika">Metafisika</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koran" title="Koran">Koranaren</a> <a href="/wiki/Mistizismo" title="Mistizismo">mistika</a> eta iruzkinak.</li></ul> <p><i>Kitāb al-Shifā'</i> (<i>Arimaren Sendatzearen Liburua</i>) obra filosofiko bat da, logika, fisika eta metafisika besarkatzen dituena, <a href="/wiki/Natura-zientziak" title="Natura-zientziak">natur zientziez</a>, matematikaz edo metafisikaz idatzitako testu zaharren itzulpenetatik abiatuta, eta Avizenak bere oharrak edo iruzkinak erantsita. Arimak gorputzean duen jaitsiera deskribatzen du, esfera altuenetik datorrena, hau da, bere bizilekutik datorrena. </p><p><i>Kitab al-Najat</i> (<i>Liberazioaren Liburua</i>), <i>Kitāb al-Shifā'</i> sintetizaziotzat har daitekeena. </p><p>Filosofoaren helburu pertsonalak ekialdeko filosofian (<i>Hikmat Mashriqiya</i>) aurkitu zuen bere helburua, eta hogeita zortzi mila gairen bilduma bihurtu zuen. Lan hori 1034. urtean desagertu zen <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahanen</a>, eta zati batzuk besterik ez dira geratzen. </p><p><i>Kitab al-Icharat wal Tanbihat</i> (<i>Zeinuen eta Ohartarazpenen Liburua</i>), natur zientzietako, teologiako, sufismoko eta moraleko ikasketak biltzen ditu. </p><p><i>Adwiyat-al-Qalbiyari</i>, gizalegeari eta adeitasunari buruzko tratatu bat. </p><p>Bere bizitzako azken urteak filosofiari eman zizkion, liburuki anitz idatzita <a href="/wiki/Arima" title="Arima">arimaz</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Patu" title="Patu">patuaz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jakinduria" title="Jakinduria">jakinduriaz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bertute" title="Bertute">bertutearen</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Bekatu" title="Bekatu">bekatuaren</a> bizitzaz eta abar. Gizakiaren esentzia eta existentzia bereizteari buruzko bere pentsamendua <a href="/wiki/Tomas_Akinokoa" title="Tomas Akinokoa">Tomas Akinokoak</a> ustiatuko zuen. Horrela, <a href="/wiki/Erdi_Aroa" title="Erdi Aroa">Erdi Aroko</a> <a href="/wiki/Kristau" title="Kristau">kristau</a> filosofia eskolastiko neo-aristotelikoaren oinarrietako bat bihurtu zen. </p><p>Avizenak <i>Urdjuza Fi-Tib</i> (<i>Medikuntzako Poema</i>, 1300) lanean laburbildu zuen bere pentsamendu medikoa, gerora Armengaud Blaise <a href="/wiki/Jakue_II.a_Aragoikoa" title="Jakue II.a Aragoikoa">Jakue II.a Aragoikoaren</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Klemente_V.a" title="Klemente V.a">Klemente V.aren</a> medikuak itzuli zuena eta pentsamendu honekin hasten den: «medikuntza da osasuna mantentzeko eta, batzuetan, gorputzean gertatzen den gaixotasuna sendatzeko artea».<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medikuntzako_ekarpenak">Medikuntzako ekarpenak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Medikuntzako ekarpenak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Medikuntzako ekarpenak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Avicenna_canon_1597.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Avicenna_canon_1597.jpg/220px-Avicenna_canon_1597.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Avicenna_canon_1597.jpg/330px-Avicenna_canon_1597.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Avicenna_canon_1597.jpg/440px-Avicenna_canon_1597.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1074" data-file-height="1524" /></a><figcaption>Avizenaren <i>Kitāb al-Qānūn fī al-ṭibb</i> (<i>Medikuntzaren Kanona</i>) lehen liburukiaren portada.</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Kitāb al-Qānūn fī al-ṭibb</i>, bost liburukiz osatua, Avizenak medikuntzari buruz egindako lanik handiena da. <a href="/wiki/Gorgan" title="Gorgan">Gorganen</a> hasi zen idazten, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rayy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rayy (sortu gabe)">Rayyn</a> jarraitu zuen, eta <a href="/wiki/Hamadan" title="Hamadan">Hamadanen</a> azkendu zuen. Avizena idatzitako lanik handiena da, milioi bat hitz inguru ditu. Lana bost zatitan dago banatuta:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJaramillo200548._17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJaramillo200548.-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Gai orokorrak.</li> <li>Materia medikoa.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buruko_gaitz" title="Buruko gaitz">Buruko gaixotasunak</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organo_(biologia)" title="Organo (biologia)">Organoen</a> gaixotasun ez-espezifikoak.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Droga" title="Droga">Droga</a> konposatuak, 760 <a href="/wiki/Sendabide" title="Sendabide">tratamendu medikoren</a> deskribapenarekin.<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Canons_of_medicine.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Canons_of_medicine.JPG/220px-Canons_of_medicine.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Canons_of_medicine.JPG/330px-Canons_of_medicine.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Canons_of_medicine.JPG/440px-Canons_of_medicine.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1272" data-file-height="890" /></a><figcaption><i>Medikuntza Kanona</i>ren itzulpena, latinez, 1484koa, Texas Health Science Center-eko Unibertsitateko PI Nixon Medical Historical Libraryn gordetzen dena (<a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_(Texas)" title="San Antonio (Texas)">San Antonio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuak" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuak">Estatu Batuak</a>).</figcaption></figure></li></ul> <p>Ezaugarri hauek nabarmendu daitezke izugarrizko obra honek garai hartan ekarri zituen aurrerapenei dagokienez: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pleuresia" title="Pleuresia">Pleuresia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mediastino" title="Mediastino">mediastinitisa</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Abzesu" title="Abzesu">abzesu</a> subfrenikoa bereizten lehena izan zen.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurpegiko_paralisi" title="Aurpegiko paralisi">Aurpegiko paralisi</a> bi motak, zentrala eta periferikoa, xeheki deskribatu zituen.</li> <li>Garai hartan ezagutzen ziren <a href="/wiki/Organo_(biologia)" title="Organo (biologia)">organo</a> guztien egoera azaldu zuen, haiei lotutako patologia nagusiekin batera.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmakologia" title="Farmakologia">Farmakologia</a>: ezagutzen ziren sendagai guztien zerrenda, alfabetoaren araberako hurrenkeran, ezaugarri nagusiekin.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etika" title="Etika">Etikak</a> lanbide medikoaren garapenean duen garrantziaz jabetu zen.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diabetes" title="Diabetes">Diabetesa</a> behar bezala deskribatzen lehena izan zen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJaramillo200549._19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJaramillo200549.-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arratoi" title="Arratoi">Arratoiak</a> izendatu zituen <a href="/wiki/Izurri_Beltza" title="Izurri Beltza">izurri beltzaren</a> transmisore gisa.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bihotz" title="Bihotz">Bihotzaren</a> funtzionamendua deskribatu zuen, <a href="/wiki/Odol" title="Odol">odolaren</a> zirkuitu bikoitzarekin (bihotzetik <a href="/wiki/Birika" title="Birika">biriketara</a> eta bihotzetik gorputzaren gainerakora).</li> <li>Lehena izan zen <a href="/wiki/Eztarri" title="Eztarri">eztarrian</a> txertatutako kanula bat erabiltzen <a href="/wiki/Asfixia" title="Asfixia">asfixia</a> saihesteko. <a href="/wiki/Trakea" title="Trakea">Trakea</a> moztea azken helburua zela iradoki zuen.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirol" title="Kirol">Kirola</a> gomendatzen zuen <a href="/wiki/Osasun" title="Osasun">osasuna</a> zaintzeko.</li></ul> <p>Lan honek arrakasta itzela izan zuen, eta itzalpera kondenatu zituen aurrez <a href="/wiki/Ar-Razi" title="Ar-Razi">Ar-Razi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_ibn_Abbas_al-Majusi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi (sortu gabe)">Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abulkasis" title="Abulkasis">Abulkasis</a> eta bestek idatzitako obrak, baita gerora <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_al-Nafis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn al-Nafis (sortu gabe)">Ibn al-Nafis</a> siriar medikuak idatzitakoak ere. XII-XVII. mende bitarteko <a href="/wiki/Gurutzadak" title="Gurutzadak">gurutzadek</a> berriro eraman zuten Europara liburua, praktika medikoan eragina zabalduz eta «erreferentzia gisa ezarriz medikuen prestakuntzarako, zenbait mendetan zehar, medikuntza eskola guztietan».<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_las_Heras_García20057._21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_las_Heras_García20057.-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lana latinera itzuli zuen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerardo_Cremonakoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerardo Cremonakoa (sortu gabe)">Gerardo Cremonakoak</a> 1150 eta 1187 artean, eta <a href="/wiki/Hebreera" title="Hebreera">hebreeraz</a> inprimatu zen <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milanen</a> 1473an, gero <a href="/wiki/Venezia" title="Venezia">Venezian</a> 1527an eta <a href="/wiki/Erroma" title="Erroma">Erroman</a> 1593an. Bere eragina iraunkorra izan zen eta soilik <a href="/wiki/Pizkundea" title="Pizkundea">Pizkundetik</a> aurrera hasi zen zalantzan jartzen: <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vincik</a> <a href="/wiki/Giza_anatomia" title="Giza anatomia">anatomian</a> zeuden akatsak argitu zituen eta <a href="/wiki/Parazeltso" title="Parazeltso">Parazeltsok</a> jendaurrean erre zuen, 1527ko ekainaren 24an.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPuerto_Sarmiento199138._22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPuerto_Sarmiento199138.-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Europako zientziaren garapenak lortu zuen, XVII. mendetik aitzina, Avizenaren jakintza gainditzea, adibidez, <a href="/wiki/William_Harvey" title="William Harvey">William Harveyk</a> 1628an <a href="/wiki/Zirkulazio-aparatu" title="Zirkulazio-aparatu">odolaren zirkulazioa</a> deskribatu zuelarik.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDuce20057._23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDuce20057.-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Doktrina_filosofikoa">Doktrina filosofikoa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Doktrina filosofikoa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Doktrina filosofikoa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Avicenna-miniatur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Avicenna-miniatur.jpg/220px-Avicenna-miniatur.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="343" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Avicenna-miniatur.jpg/330px-Avicenna-miniatur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Avicenna-miniatur.jpg/440px-Avicenna-miniatur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="801" data-file-height="1249" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Miniatura" title="Miniatura">Miniatura</a> bat, Avizenaren irudiaz.</figcaption></figure> <p>Avizena <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdadeko</a> eskola filosofikoaren parte izan zen. Bere jarduera filosofikoaren ildo nagusia zen diskurtso <a href="/wiki/Arrazionalismo_(filosofia)" title="Arrazionalismo (filosofia)">arrazionala</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Erlijio" title="Erlijio">erlijioa</a> uztartzea da. Neurri batean, <a href="/wiki/Al_Farabi" title="Al Farabi">Al Farabi</a> bere irakaslearen lanak egokitu zituen <a href="/wiki/Koran" title="Koran">Koranarekin</a> bateragarri izan zitezen, eta tradizioz <a href="/wiki/Teologia" title="Teologia">teologikoak</a> ziren elementuak erantsi zituen filosofian, hala nola <a href="/wiki/Aingeru" title="Aingeru">aingeruak</a>, funtsezko zeregina ematen baitzien gizakiekin, batez ere <a href="/wiki/Profeta" title="Profeta">profetekin</a>, zuten harremanean. Oro har, <a href="/wiki/Ekialdea_(kultura)" title="Ekialdea (kultura)">Ekialdea</a> hartzen zuen argi iturritzat, eta <a href="/wiki/Ekialdeko_filosofia" title="Ekialdeko filosofia">ekialdeko filosofia</a> nabarmentzen eta <a href="/wiki/Mendebaldea_(kultura)" title="Mendebaldea (kultura)">Mendebaldera</a> transmititzen ahalegindu zen.Tamalez, gai horri buruzko lan asko galdutzat ematen dira.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Errealitatea azaltzeko, Avizenak sistema emanatista hartu zuen, oro har, <a href="/wiki/Neoplatonismo" title="Neoplatonismo">neoplatonismoari</a> zegokiona.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hala ere, <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristotelesen</a> tradizio naturalistatik jasotako <a href="/wiki/Jakinduria" title="Jakinduria">jakintza</a> eskema bat zeukan: bereizten zituen <a href="/wiki/Sentsazio" title="Sentsazio">sentsazioa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irudimen" title="Irudimen">irudimena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adimen" title="Adimen">adimen</a> posiblea eta adimen agentea, hau da, mailakatze bat egiten zuen lehen <a href="/wiki/Abstrakzio" title="Abstrakzio">abstrakzio</a> posibletik abiatuta, sentiberak ez diren ideia partikularretara, eta ideia orokorretan amaitzeko. <a href="/wiki/Hierarkia" title="Hierarkia">Hierarkia</a> hirukoitz hori izakiei ere aplikatzen zaie. <a href="/wiki/Esentzia" title="Esentzia">Esentziaren</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Existentzia" title="Existentzia">existentzia</a>ren arteko erlazioan ere sakondu zuen: gauza bat izango da soilik haren existentzia beharrezkoa denean. <a href="/wiki/Jainko" class="mw-disambig" title="Jainko">Jainkoak</a> egindako <a href="/wiki/Munduaren_sorrera_(mitoa)" title="Munduaren sorrera (mitoa)">sorkuntza</a> <i>behar</i> horren araberakoa litzateke.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Avizenak egokitu egin zuen <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristotelesen</a> bereizketa, adimen posiblearen (pazientea, pasiboa) eta adimen eragilearen (aktiboa) artean, eta interpretazio espiritualistago bat egin zuen. Hala, bada, adimen aktiboa Jainkoarena dela uste zuen, eta gizakiari komunikatzen zaio denboran zehar; adimen pasiboa, berriz, <a href="/wiki/Gizaki" title="Gizaki">gizakiarena</a> da, baina ez da gorputzean hiltzen, arimaren <a href="/wiki/Hilezkortasun" title="Hilezkortasun">hilezkortasunean</a> sinesten baitzuen. Avizenaren ikuspegiaren arauz, adimen pazienteak ezin du ezer egin adimen agenterik gabe, eta, beraz, giza adimena posiblea baino ez da. Adimen agentea bide espiritualetik sortu behar da.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Avizena bereziki garrantzitsua da <a href="/wiki/Filosofiaren_historia" title="Filosofiaren historia">filosofiaren historian</a>, Aristotelesen irakurketa erraztu baitzien <a href="/wiki/Eskolastika" title="Eskolastika">eskolastikoei</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ekialde_mistikoa">Ekialde mistikoa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ekialde mistikoa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Ekialde mistikoa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Avicenne_manuscrit_Tashkent_2118.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Avicenne_manuscrit_Tashkent_2118.jpg/220px-Avicenne_manuscrit_Tashkent_2118.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Avicenne_manuscrit_Tashkent_2118.jpg/330px-Avicenne_manuscrit_Tashkent_2118.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Avicenne_manuscrit_Tashkent_2118.jpg/440px-Avicenne_manuscrit_Tashkent_2118.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5595" data-file-height="3675" /></a><figcaption>Avizenaren <a href="/wiki/Eskuizkribu" title="Eskuizkribu">eskuizkribu</a> bat, jatorri ezezaguna. <a href="/wiki/Taxkent" title="Taxkent">Taxkent</a>, Abu Rayhan Biruni Institutua (XIV. mendea).</figcaption></figure> <p>Islamiar <a href="/wiki/Teosofia" title="Teosofia">teosofiaren</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Mistizismo" title="Mistizismo">mistizismoaren</a> tradizioan, <i><a href="/wiki/Mashreq" title="Mashreq">mashriq</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Ekialdea_(kultura)" title="Ekialdea (kultura)">Ekialdea</a>) argi mundutzat hartzen da, eta, beraz, <a href="/wiki/Aingeru" title="Aingeru">aingeruen</a> adimenaren mundutzat; aldiz, <i><a href="/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb">maghrib</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Mendebaldea_(kultura)" title="Mendebaldea (kultura)">Mendebaldea</a>) ilargi azpiko mundua da, ilunpeko mundua, arimak erortzen diren mundua. Ikusmolde hori oso esplizitua zen Avizenaren lanetan, eta are nabarmenagoa izango zen haren iruzkingile eta kritikarien lanetan, hala nola <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suhrawardi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suhrawardi (sortu gabe)">Suhrawardi</a> filosofoarenetan.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Avizena ekialdeko filosofiari buruzko hiru testuren egilea da: <i>Ḥayy Ibn Yaqẓānen kontakizuna</i>, <i>Txoriaren kontakizuna</i> eta <i>Salâmânen eta Absâlen kontakizuna</i>. </p> <ul><li><i>Ḥayy Ibn Yaqẓānen kontakizuna</i>: Hayy ibn Yaqzan irla batean isolatuta dagoen haurra da. Ezagutzen du, bere kabuz, inguratzen duen unibertsoa. Kontakizun hau Ekialdeari buruzko sarrera bat bezalakoa da, argiaren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Goi-aingeru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Goi-aingeru (sortu gabe)">goiaingeruaren</a> forma, mendebaldearen eta mendebaldeko muturraren (materia puruaren lekua) aldean. Hayy ibn Yaqzanek Avizena pertsonalizatzen du aingeruarekin duen harremanean.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECorbin1990123-164._27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECorbin1990123-164.-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Txoriari buruzko kontakizuna</i>: kontakizun honek Hayy ibn Yaqzanen historiari erantzuten dio, <a href="/wiki/Ekialde_Urruna" title="Ekialde Urruna">Ekialde Urrunean</a> ekiten dio bidaiari, «erregearen hiria» lortzeko <a href="/wiki/Absolutu_(filosofia)" title="Absolutu (filosofia)">absolutuaren</a> ikerketan. Arima berez esnatzen da. Igoera mental baten estasian, mendi kosmikoko <a href="/wiki/Ibar" title="Ibar">ibarrak</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Erreten" title="Erreten">erretenak</a> zeharkatzen ditu aingeruarekin batera.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECorbin1990165-203._28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECorbin1990165-203.-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Salâmânen eta Absâlen kontakizuna</i>: istorio honek <i>Kitab al-Isharat wa-l-tanbihat</i> liburuaren azken zatiko bi heroien drama deskribatzen du. Bi kontenplazio adimenen (edo espekulazio adimenen) bi pertsonaia tipiko horiek aurkitzen dira, baita ere, <a href="/wiki/Prometeo" title="Prometeo">Prometeo</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Epimeteo" title="Epimeteo">Epimeteo</a> <a href="/wiki/Greziar_mitologia" title="Greziar mitologia">greziar mitoetan</a>, hitz batean: zerutar gizakia eta hezur-haragizko gizakia. Hala, bada, sinkronia bat dago arimaren esnatzearen eta gidariaren bistaratzearen artean.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECorbin1990204-241._29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECorbin1990204-241.-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aingerua">Aingerua</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Aingerua»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Aingerua"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hamargarren adimenak garrantzi berezia du: <i>agente</i> <i>adimentsua</i> edo <i>aingerua</i> da, eta <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_(goiaingerua)" title="Gabriel (goiaingerua)">Gabrielekin</a> lotzen da <a href="/wiki/Koran" title="Koran">Koranean</a>, hasieran zegoen eta bere emanazioa puskatu egin zen zati askotan. Horrela, aingeru bera bederatzigarren adimenaren jariatze gisa behatuta, ez da zeruko arimaren ondorio, giza arimena baizik. Handitasunaren aingeruek zentzurik ez duten bitartean, giza arimek, berriz, irudimen sentsuala eta sentikorra dute, eta gorputz materialak mugitzeko gaitasuna dute.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Avizenaren aburuz, <a href="/wiki/Gizaki" title="Gizaki">giza</a> <a href="/wiki/Adimen" title="Adimen">adimena</a> ez da eratzen formen eta ideien <a href="/wiki/Abstrakzio" title="Abstrakzio">abstrakzioaren</a> bidez. Gizakia, hala ere, botere adimenduna da, baina aingeruaren argitasunak bakarrik ematen dio <a href="/wiki/Jakinduria" title="Jakinduria">jakintzatik</a> jarduneko jakinduriaren edo ekintzaren boterera pasatzeko ahalmena. Zernahi gisaz, giza adimena aingeruak argiztatzeko duen indarra aldatu egiten da:<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Profeta" title="Profeta">Profetak</a> argiz betean izan ziren, eta, zentzuzko adimena ez ezik, <a href="/wiki/Irudimen" title="Irudimen">irudimena</a> ere hedatu zuten, eta beste gizaki batzuei eman zieten oparotasun hori.</li> <li>Beste gizaki batzuek argia jasotzen dute, baina profetek baino gutxiago, <a href="/wiki/Idazle" title="Idazle">idazten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irakasle" title="Irakasle">irakasten</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Botere_legegile" title="Botere legegile">legislatzen</a> dute, eta, hala, besteengana adimena birbanatzen parte hartzen dute.</li> <li>Beste batzuek beren perfekziorako behar adina argitasun jasotzen dute.</li> <li>Eta beste batzuek hain gutxi jasotzen dute, ezen ez baitira inoiz ekintzara heltzen.</li></ul> <p>Ikuspegi horren arabera, <a href="/wiki/Gizaki" title="Gizaki">gizakiek</a> adimen bakarra partekatzen dute, hau da, kontzientzia kolektibo bat. Giza bizitzaren azken etapa, orduan, aingeruen jariatzearekin lotzea da. Beraz, arima <a href="/wiki/Hilezkortasun" title="Hilezkortasun">hilezkorrak</a> argiztapen aingerutarraren pertzepzioa ohitura bihurtu duten guztiei ematen die superexistentziarako gaitasuna, hau da, <a href="/wiki/Hilezkortasun" title="Hilezkortasun">hilezkortasuna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonismo" title="Neoplatonismo">Neoplatonikoentzat</a> —eta Avizena horietako bat da—, <a href="/wiki/Arima" title="Arima">arimaren</a> <a href="/wiki/Hilezkortasun" title="Hilezkortasun">hilezkortasuna</a> haren izaeraren ondorio da, eta ez helburu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alkimia">Alkimia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Alkimia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Alkimia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Stamps_of_Tajikistan,_047-05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Stamps_of_Tajikistan%2C_047-05.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="311" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="217" data-file-height="311" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistanen</a> emandako zigilua, Avizenaren irudiarekin (2005).</figcaption></figure> <p>Avizenak <a href="/wiki/Alkimia" title="Alkimia">alkimiari</a> buruz egin zituen hausnarketek —ez zuen uste metalen transmutaziorako aukerarik zegoenik— eragin nabarmena izan zuten bai alkimistengan, bai haien aurkariengan, <i>Kitab al-ma'âdin wa-l-al-Atar 'uluwiyya</i> (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latinez</a>: <i>De congelatione et conglutinatione lapidum</i>) lanari esker. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnawati1971285-341_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnawati1971285-341-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Avizenaren <i>Kitab al-Shifa</i> liburuaren zati baten itzulpen laburtua da, «harrien eraketa, mendien jatorria, <a href="/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral">mineralen</a> sailkapena (harriak, <a href="/wiki/Sufre" title="Sufre">sufrea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gatz_(kimika)" title="Gatz (kimika)">gatzak</a>) eta <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metalen</a> jatorria». Avizenak azaldu zuenez, metalak «<a href="/wiki/Merkurio_(elementua)" title="Merkurio (elementua)">merkurioa</a> eta lur <a href="/wiki/Sulfuro" title="Sulfuro">sulfurosoa</a> elkartzearen ondorio dira».<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPérez_de_Laborda2005240_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPérez_de_Laborda2005240-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ukatu egiten zuen metalen transmutazio kimikoaren aukera: alkimisten usteei dagokienez, jakin behar da ez dela haien ahalmena espezieak bata bestean benetan eraldatzea (<i>sciant artifices alchemiae species metallorum transmutari non posse</i>), baina haien eskumenean dago imitazio ederrak egin ahal izatea, gorriz tindatu eta zilarraren oso antzeko izan dadin, edo horiz urrea eman dezan.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bestela esanda, alkimistek ezin dituzte konplexioak bihurtu, espezieak aldatu: uneko kalitateetan baino ez dute jarduten eta imitazioak baino ez dituzte egiten. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Besterik">Besterik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Besterik»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Besterik"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCOk</a> 2003an Avizenaren izeneko sari bat ezarri zuen, zientzian ikuspegi <a href="/wiki/Etika" title="Etika">etikoa</a> aplikatzen duten <a href="/wiki/Zientzialari" title="Zientzialari">zientzialariak</a> ohoratzeko.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Noah_Gordon_(eleberrigilea)" title="Noah Gordon (eleberrigilea)">Noah Gordonen</a> <i>The</i> <i>Physician</i> (1988) eleberrian,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> garaiko maisu handiarengandik ikasteko, medikuntzako ikasle gazte <a href="/wiki/Ingeles" title="Ingeles">ingeles</a> baten ibilerak ageri dira. Era berean, Gilbert Sinoué frantses idazlearen <i>Avicenne ou la route d'Ispahan</i> (1989) eleberriak<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Avizenaren fikziozko biografia azaltzen du, giza ikuspegi batez, bere grina eta jakinduriarekin. </p><p>Behinolako <a href="/wiki/Bakearen_Lenin_Saria" title="Bakearen Lenin Saria">Lenin saria</a> izenez aldatu zuen <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistango</a> gobernuak, 2006ko uztailean<i>, Abuali ibn Sino</i> (<a href="/wiki/Tajikera" title="Tajikera">tajikeraz:</a> Абӯалӣ ибни Сино), Avizena filosofoaren omenez.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFEuskaltzaindia2016-09-30"><a href="/wiki/Euskaltzaindia" title="Euskaltzaindia">Euskaltzaindia</a>.  (2016-09-30). (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euskaltzaindia.eus/dok/arauak/Araua_0181.pdf"><i>181. araua: Erdi Aroko pertsona-izenak. </i></a> Iruñea, 13 or.</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFMujikaGoenagaAlberdi2005">Mujika, Alfontso; Goenaga, Ane Miren; Alberdi, Andres.  (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120308235949/http://www.hezkuntza.ejgv.euskadi.net/r43-573/eu/contenidos/informacion/dih/eu_5490/adjuntos/estilo_liburua/ONOMASTIKA/IZEN%20ZERRENDAK.pdf"><i>Onomastika. </i></a> Gasteiz: Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Argitalpen Zerbitzu Nagusia <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-8445722978" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-8445722978">978-8445722978</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/432975658">.432975658</a></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-3">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-0"><sup><b>a</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-1"><sup><b>b</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-2"><sup><b>c</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-3"><sup><b>d</b></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Katalanez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Katalanez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/gran-enciclopedia-catalana/avicenna">«Avicenna»</a> <i>Enciclopèdia Catalana</i> (www.enciclopedia.cat) <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-21)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/education/Aims-and-purposes-of-Muslim-education">«Major periods of Muslim education and learning»</a> <i>Encyclopaedia Britannica</i> 2024-06-15 <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-22)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFAfary2013">Afary, Janet.  (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130813184232/http://p2.www.britannica.com/oscar/print?articleId=106324&fullArticle=true&tocId=9106324">«Iran»</a> <i>Encyclopaedia Britannica</i> (web.archive.org) <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-22)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Frantsesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Frantsesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFAvicennaMichot2000">Avicenna; Michot, Yahya.  (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books/about/Lettre_au_vizir_Ab%C3%BB_Sa%CA%BBd.html?id=hzB3AAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y"><i>Lettre au vizir Abû Saʻd : editio princeps d'après le manuscrit de Bursa. </i></a> Beyrouth: Editions al-Bouraq <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-2841611508" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-2841611508">978-2841611508</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/50584897">.50584897</a></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFNizami_i_Arudi1921">Nizami i Arudi.  (1921). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ia600908.us.archive.org/14/items/revisedtranslati00nizauoft/revisedtranslati00nizauoft.pdf"><i>Chahar Maqala. </i></a> Itzulpena: Edward G. Browne. London: Cambridge University Press (web.archive.org)</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECorbin2014167-175.-8">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECorbin2014167-175._8-0"><sup><b>a</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECorbin2014167-175._8-1"><sup><b>b</b></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCorbin2014">Corbin 2014</a>, 167-175. orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-9">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-0"><sup><b>a</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-1"><sup><b>b</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-2"><sup><b>c</b></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFFlannery2024-05-06">Flannery, Michael.  (2024-05-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Avicenna">«Avicenna | Biography, Books, & Facts»</a> <i>Encyclopaedia Britannica</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-22)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDavis199382.-10"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDavis199382._10-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDavis1993">Davis 1993</a>, 82. orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJaramillo200517.-11"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJaramillo200517._11-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJaramillo2005">Jaramillo 2005</a>, 17. orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGiné1869216.-12"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGiné1869216._12-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGiné1869">Giné 1869</a>, 216. orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOsler202372.-13"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOsler202372._13-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOsler2023">Osler 2023</a>, 72. orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFWarszawski2023-01-21">Warszawski, Jean-Marc.  (2023-01-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230121173012/https://www.musicologie.org/Biographies/s/ibn_sina.html">«Ibn Sina, Avicenne (980-1037)»</a> <i>Musicologie.org</i> (web.archive.org) <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-22)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAguado2004143.-15"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAguado2004143._15-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAguado2004">Aguado 2004</a>, 143. orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Frantsesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Frantsesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231003201940/https://www.lescahiersdelislam.fr/glossary/Ibn-Sina-Avicenne_gw59.html">«Ibn Sînâ (Avicenne)»</a> <i>Les cahiers de l'Islam</i> (web.archive.org) 2023-10-03 <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-22)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJaramillo200548.-17"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJaramillo200548._17-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJaramillo2005">Jaramillo 2005</a>, 48. orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-18">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-0"><sup><b>a</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-1"><sup><b>b</b></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCOk</a> 2003an <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327012602/https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/avicenna-prize-science-ethics">Avizenaren izeneko sari bat</a> ezarri zuen, zientzian ikuspegi etikoa aplikatzen duten zientzialariak ohoratzeko.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJaramillo200549.-19"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJaramillo200549._19-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJaramillo2005">Jaramillo 2005</a>, 49. orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFMissoriBrunettoDomenicucci2012-04">Missori, Paolo; Brunetto, Giacoma M.; Domenicucci, Maurizio.  (2012-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1007/s00268-012-1435-1">«Origin of the Cannula for Tracheotomy During the Middle Ages and Renaissance»</a> <i>World Journal of Surgery</i> 36 (4): 928–934.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00268-012-1435-1">10.1007/s00268-012-1435-1</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0364-2313">0364-2313</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-22)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_las_Heras_García20057.-21"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_las_Heras_García20057._21-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_las_Heras_García2005">de las Heras García 2005</a>, 7. orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPuerto_Sarmiento199138.-22"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPuerto_Sarmiento199138._22-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPuerto_Sarmiento1991">Puerto Sarmiento 1991</a>, 38. orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDuce20057.-23"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDuce20057._23-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDuce2005">Duce 2005</a>, 7. orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Frantsesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Frantsesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFForget1894">Forget, J..  (1894). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/phlou_0776-5541_1894_num_1_1_1359">«Un chapître inédit de la philosophie d'Avicenne»</a> <i>Revue Philosophique de Louvain</i> 1 (1): 19–38.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3406%2Fphlou.1894.1359">10.3406/phlou.1894.1359</a></span>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-23)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Frantsesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Frantsesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFBennani2014">Bennani, Azelarabe Lahkim.  (2014). Almoubaker, Mohamed ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.openedition.org/cjb/676">«Être et essence chez Avicenne : lecture de Driss Mansouri»</a> <i>Pratiquer les sciences sociales au Maghreb : Textes pour Driss Mansouri avec un choix de ses articles</i> (Centre Jacques-Berque): 573–582.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.4000%2Fbooks.cjb.676">10.4000/books.cjb.676</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/979-10-92046-22-9" title="Berezi:BookSources/979-10-92046-22-9">979-10-92046-22-9</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-23)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFJanssens2016-03-01">Janssens, Jules.  (2016-03-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.uco.es/mediterranea/article/view/5172">«Ibn Sīnā. A Philosophical Mysticism or a Philosophy of Mysticism?»</a> <i>Mediterranea. International Journal on the Transfer of Knowledge</i>: 37–54.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.21071%2Fmijtk.v0i1.5172">10.21071/mijtk.v0i1.5172</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/2445-2378">2445-2378</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-23)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECorbin1990123-164.-27"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECorbin1990123-164._27-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCorbin1990">Corbin 1990</a>, 123-164. orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECorbin1990165-203.-28"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECorbin1990165-203._28-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCorbin1990">Corbin 1990</a>, 165-203. orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECorbin1990204-241.-29"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECorbin1990204-241._29-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCorbin1990">Corbin 1990</a>, 204-241. orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFZaeri_AmiraniRahmatiJavadi2017">Zaeri Amirani, Maryam; Rahmati, Enshaallah; Javadi, Mohsen.  (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240301084922/https://ri.urd.ac.ir/article_54755.html">«Avicenna on the Angelological Relevance of Mystical Experience»</a> <i>Religious Inquiries</i> (web.archive.org) 6 (12): 1-24.. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/2538-6271">2538-6271</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-23)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFLizzini2021">Lizzini, Olga.  (2021). Zalta, Edward N. ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2021/entries/ibn-sina-metaphysics/">«Ibn Sina’s Metaphysics»</a> <i>The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i> (Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University) <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-23)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFMorewedge1971">Morewedge, Parviz.  (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/598443">«The Logic of Emanationism and Ṣūfism in the Philosophy of Ibn Sīnā (Avicenna), Part I»</a> <i>Journal of the American Oriental Society</i> 91 (4): 467–476.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F598443">10.2307/598443</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0003-0279">0003-0279</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-23)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnawati1971285-341-33"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnawati1971285-341_33-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnawati1971">Anawati 1971</a>, 285-341 orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPérez_de_Laborda2005240-34"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPérez_de_Laborda2005240_34-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPérez_de_Laborda2005">Pérez de Laborda 2005</a>, 240 orr. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Latinez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Latinez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFE._J._Holmyard,_D._C._Mandeville1927">E. J. Holmyard, D. C. Mandeville.  (1927). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/HolmMandAvicMineralia"><i>Avicennae de congelatione et conglutinatione. </i></a> Being Sections of the Kitâb al-Shifâ': The Latin and Arabic texts. Paris: Paul Geuthner <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-23)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFGordon2013">Gordon, Noah.  (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/879362497"><i>The physician. </i></a> Barcelona: Barcelona Editions <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-8499188362" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-8499188362">978-8499188362</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/879362497">.879362497</a> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-23)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Frantsesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Frantsesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFSinoué2014">Sinoué, Gilbert.  (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/925438534"><i>Avicenne ou la route d'Ispahan. </i></a> Paris: Denoël <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-2070383023" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-2070383023">978-2070383023</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/925438534">.925438534</a></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120204224930/http://www.president.tj/qaror04_297htm.htm"><i>Президенти Точикистон - </i></a><i><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistango</a> gobernuaren ebazpena 297 zk.. </i> web.archive.org 2006-07-04 <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-23)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Bibliografia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFAguado2004">Aguado, José Carlos.  (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/61672952"><i>Cuerpo humano e imagen corporal: notas para una antropología de la corporeidad. </i></a> México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-9703211425" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-9703211425">978-9703211425</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/61672952">.61672952</a></span>.</li> <li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Frantsesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Frantsesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFAnawati1971">Anawati, Georges C..  (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fr.scribd.com/document/316001197/ANAWATI-Georges-C-Avicenne-Et-l-Alchimie">«Avicenne et l' alchimie»</a> <i>Convegno internazionale 9-15 aprile 1969. Tema: Oriente e Occidente nel Medioevo: filosofia e scienze</i> (Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei) <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/848737466">.848737466</a></span>.</li> <li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFCorbin1990">Corbin, Henry.  (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://traditionalhikma.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Avicenna-and-the-Visionary-Recital-by-Henry-Corbin.pdf"><i>Avicenna and the visionary recital. </i></a> Princeton: Princeton University Press  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1515%2F9781400859061">10.1515/9781400859061</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-1400859061" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-1400859061">978-1400859061</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/1165444603">.1165444603</a></span>.</li> <li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFCorbin2014">Corbin, Henry.  (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/881887566"><i>History of Islamic philosophy. </i></a> Abingdon: Routledge <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-1135198893" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-1135198893">978-1135198893</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/881887566">.881887566</a></span>.</li> <li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFDavis1993">Davis, Patricia.  (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/434121654"><i>Aromaterapia de la A a la Z. </i></a> Edaf <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-8476406434" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-8476406434">978-8476406434</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/434121654">.434121654</a></span>.</li> <li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFde_las_Heras_García2005">de las Heras García, Manuel Ángel.  (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/803856931"><i>Estatuto ético-jurídico de la profesión médica. </i></a> Madrid: Dykinson <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-8497726993" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-8497726993">978-8497726993</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/803856931">.803856931</a></span>.</li> <li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFDuce2005">Duce, Antonio Martín.  (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/70856293"><i>Patología quirúrgica. </i></a> Madrid: Elsevier <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-8481747393" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-8481747393">978-8481747393</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/70856293">.70856293</a></span>.</li> <li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFGiné1869">Giné, Juan.  (1869). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=_axiSqaRfxcC&pg=PA3&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=1#v=onepage&q&f=false"><i>Apuntes sacados por los alumnos del curso del doctorado de la Facultad de Medicina de las lecciones sobre historia de la medicina dadas por el Dr. don Juan Giné ... en el curso de 1868 a 1869, en la cátedra instalada por la Excma. Diputación Provincial de Barcelona. </i></a> Bartzelona: Kataluniako Liburutegia <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/1123587482">.1123587482</a></span>.</li> <li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFGonzálezMiaja_de_la_Peña2006">González, Aurelio; Miaja de la Peña, María Teresa.  (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/133473151"><i>Introducción a la cultura medieval. </i></a> México: UNAM <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-9683697882" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-9683697882">978-9683697882</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/133473151">.133473151</a></span>.</li> <li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFJaramillo2005">Jaramillo, Juan.  (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/82145404"><i>Historia y filosofía de la medicina. </i></a> San José: Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-9977679853" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-9977679853">978-9977679853</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/82145404">.82145404</a></span>.</li> <li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFOsler2023">Osler, William.  (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/1416462812"><i>The Evolution of Modern Medicine. </i></a> Vachendorf: E-Kitap Projesi & Cheapest Books <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-6057876959" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-6057876959">978-6057876959</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/1416462812">.1416462812</a></span>.</li> <li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFPérez_de_Laborda2005">Pérez de Laborda, Alfonso.  (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/63696515"><i>Estudios filosóficos de historia de la ciencia. </i></a> Madrid: Ediciones Encuentro <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-8474907698" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-8474907698">978-8474907698</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/63696515">.63696515</a></span>.</li> <li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFPuerto_Sarmiento1991">Puerto Sarmiento, Francisco Javier.  (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/629808757"><i>El renacimiento: la superación de la tradición. </i></a> Madrid: Akal <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-8476007365" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-8476007365">978-8476007365</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/629808757">.629808757</a></span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ikus,_gainera"><span id="Ikus.2C_gainera"></span>Ikus, gainera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ikus, gainera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Ikus, gainera"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medikuntzaren_historiaren_kronologia" title="Medikuntzaren historiaren kronologia">Medikuntzaren historiaren kronologia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleim_Ammar" title="Sleim Ammar">Sleim Ammar</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo estekak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avizena&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Kanpo estekak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 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title="Irabelar">Irabelar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koka_(landarea)" title="Koka (landarea)">Koka</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lactuca_virosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lactuca virosa (sortu gabe)">Lactuca virosa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo-belar" title="Lo-belar">Lo-belar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandragora" title="Mandragora">Mandragora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahats" title="Sahats">Sahats</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saussurea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saussurea (sortu gabe)">Saussurea</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Biografiak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abulkasis" title="Abulkasis">Abulkasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Razi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Razi">Al-Razi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenzoar" title="Avenzoar">Avenzoar</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Avizena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dioskorides" title="Dioskorides">Dioskorides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galeno" title="Galeno">Galeno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hipokrates" title="Hipokrates">Hipokrates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eerafeddin_Sabuncuo%C4%9Flu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Şerafeddin Sabuncuoğlu (sortu gabe)">Sabuncuoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sushruta_Samhita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sushruta Samhita (sortu gabe)">Sushrutha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teofrasto" title="Teofrasto">Teofrasto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeltso" title="Zeltso">Zeltso</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhang_Zhongjing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhang Zhongjing (sortu gabe)">Zhang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Konposatuak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akonitina" title="Akonitina">Akonitina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atropina" title="Atropina">Atropina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskopolamina" title="Eskopolamina">Eskopolamina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokaina" title="Kokaina">Kokaina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiosziamina" title="Hiosziamina">Hiosziamina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morfina" title="Morfina">Morfina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azido_saliziliko" title="Azido saliziliko">Salizilato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahidrocannabinol" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetrahidrocannabinol">Δ9-THC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zikutina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zikutina (sortu gabe)">Zikutina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div style="clear:both;"></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7786466">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control{margin-top:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control,.mw-parser-output .mw-mf-linked-projects{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="mw-authority-control"><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9236167"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9236165"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Autoritate_kontrola" style="width: inherit;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Autoritate_kontrola" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Autoritate_kontrola" title="Laguntza:Autoritate kontrola">Autoritate kontrola</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Wikimedia proiektuak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8011" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q8011">Q8011</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Avicenna">Avicenna</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q8011%22">Q8011</a></span></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Identifikadoreak</b></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/viaf-89770781">WorldCat</a></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/89770781/">89770781</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121430876">0000000121430876</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX968054">XX968054</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11889658g">11889658g</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11889658g">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kataluniako_Liburutegia" title="Kataluniako Liburutegia">CANTIC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registres/CUCId/a10458426">a10458426</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118505254">118505254</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80002386">n80002386</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00620299">00620299</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19981000172">jn19981000172</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Australia">NLA</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librariesaustralia.nla.gov.au/search/display?dbid=auth&id=35011193">35011193</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA0097410X">DA0097410X</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29861311" class="extiw" title="d:Q29861311">SNAC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6rr1w9d">w6rr1w9d</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/086202936">086202936</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BIBSYS" title="BIBSYS">BIBSYS</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90079307">90079307</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Bartzelonako_Unibertsitatea" title="Bartzelonako Unibertsitatea">UB</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://crai.ub.edu/sites/default/files/autoritats/permanent/a1006838">a1006838</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Istituto_Centrale_per_il_Catalogo_Unico" title="Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico">ICCU</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/risultati-autori/-/opac-autori/detail/VEAV002253?core=autoriall">VEAV002253</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">Open Library</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL16461A?mode=all">OL16461A</a></span></li> <li><b>Hiztegiak eta entziklopediak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Lur_Hiztegi_Entziklopedikoa" title="Lur Hiztegi Entziklopedikoa">Lur</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euskadi.eus/web01-a2lurhiz/eu/contenidos/termino/_c02941/eu_i_0171/i0171.html">02941/eu_i_0171/i0171</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Britannica</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Avicenna">url</a></span></li> <li><b>Bilduma digitalak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gutenberg_proiektua" title="Gutenberg proiektua">Gutenberg proiektua</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/49814">49814</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61500710" class="extiw" title="d:Q61500710">BIDICAM</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patrimoniodigital.castillalamancha.es/es/consulta_aut/registro.do?id=3622">3622</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8011" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q8011">Q8011</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Avicenna">Avicenna</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q8011%22">Q8011</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></div>    </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget \"ErrefAurrebista\" was not loaded. 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medikuak</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Persiako_filosofoak" title="Kategoria:Persiako filosofoak">Persiako filosofoak</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Gizon_filosofoak" title="Kategoria:Gizon filosofoak">Gizon filosofoak</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:XI._mendeko_filosofoak" title="Kategoria:XI. mendeko filosofoak">XI. mendeko filosofoak</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Aristotelismoa" title="Kategoria:Aristotelismoa">Aristotelismoa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Psikologiaren_filosofoak" title="Kategoria:Psikologiaren filosofoak">Psikologiaren filosofoak</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Gogamenaren_filosofoak" title="Kategoria:Gogamenaren filosofoak">Gogamenaren filosofoak</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Zientziaren_filosofoak" title="Kategoria:Zientziaren filosofoak">Zientziaren filosofoak</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Logikaren_filosofoak" title="Kategoria:Logikaren filosofoak">Logikaren filosofoak</a></li></ul></div><div 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