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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Stage career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stage_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Film career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Film_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Film career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Film_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1941–1945:_Becoming_established_in_Hollywood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1941–1945:_Becoming_established_in_Hollywood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>1941–1945: Becoming established in Hollywood</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1941–1945:_Becoming_established_in_Hollywood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Military_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Military service</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1946–1952:_MGM" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1946–1952:_MGM"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>1946–1952: MGM</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1946–1952:_MGM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1953–1957:_Decline_of_Hollywood_musicals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1953–1957:_Decline_of_Hollywood_musicals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>1953–1957: Decline of Hollywood musicals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1953–1957:_Decline_of_Hollywood_musicals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1958–1996:_After_MGM" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1958–1996:_After_MGM"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>1958–1996: After MGM</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1958–1996:_After_MGM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Working_methods_and_influence_on_filmed_dance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Working_methods_and_influence_on_filmed_dance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Working methods and influence on filmed dance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Working_methods_and_influence_on_filmed_dance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Personal life subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Marriages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marriages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Marriages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_and_religious_views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_and_religious_views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Political and religious views</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_and_religious_views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Illness_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Illness_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Illness and death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Illness_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Awards and honors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Work</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Work-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Work subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Musical_films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musical_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Musical films</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musical_films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theatre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theatre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Theatre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theatre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Documentaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Documentaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Documentaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Documentaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.5</span> <span>Radio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gene Kelly</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 75 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A" title="جين كيلي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جين كيلي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cin_Kelli" title="Cin Kelli – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cin Kelli" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C" title="جین کلی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جین کلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF" title="জিন কেলি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জিন কেলি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Джин Келли – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Джин Келли" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Джын Келі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джын Келі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Джын Келі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Джын Келі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Джийн Кели – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джийн Кели" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%B9%CE%BD_%CE%9A%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B9" title="Τζιν Κέλι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζιν Κέλι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C" title="جین کلی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جین کلی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%84_%EC%BC%88%EB%A6%AC" title="진 켈리 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="진 켈리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%94%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AC%D5%AB" title="Ջին Քելլի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջին Քելլի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99" title="ג'ין קלי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'ין קלי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ჯინ კელი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯინ კელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Джин Келли – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Джин Келли" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenius_Kelly" title="Eugenius Kelly – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Eugenius Kelly" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BE%C4%ABns_Kelijs" title="Džīns Kelijs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džīns Kelijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%80%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF" title="ജീൻ കെല്ലി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജീൻ കെല്ലി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%89" title="جين كيلى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جين كيلى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B1%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC" title="ジーン・ケリー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジーン・ケリー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Келли, Джин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Келли, Джин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%DB%8E%D9%84%DB%8C" title="جین کێلی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="جین کێلی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Џин Кели – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џин Кели" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9C%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF" title="ஜீன் கெல்லி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஜீன் கெல்லி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5" title="จีน เคลลี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จีน เคลลี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Джин Келлі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джин Келлі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Gene Kelly" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%C2%B7%E5%87%AF%E5%88%A9" title="金·凯利 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="金·凯利" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%9F%BA%E5%88%A9" title="真基利 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="真基利" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%C2%B7%E5%87%B1%E5%88%A9" title="金·凱利 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="金·凱利" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q73089#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Gene_Kelly" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American actor, dancer, singer, and producer (1912–1996)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span>For the American sportscaster, see <a href="/wiki/Gene_Kelly_(broadcaster)" title="Gene Kelly (broadcaster)">Gene Kelly (broadcaster)</a>. For the Scottish musician, see <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Kelly" title="Eugene Kelly">Eugene Kelly</a>.</span> <span>For other people with similar names, see <a href="/wiki/Jean_Kelly_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Jean Kelly (disambiguation)">Jean Kelly (disambiguation)</a>.</span></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Gene Kelly</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Gene_kelly.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Gene_kelly.jpg/220px-Gene_kelly.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Gene_kelly.jpg/330px-Gene_kelly.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Gene_kelly.jpg 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="622" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Kelly in 1943</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Eugene Curran Kelly</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1912-08-23</span>)</span>August 23, 1912<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">February 2, 1996<span style="display:none">(1996-02-02)</span> (aged 83)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_California" title="Beverly Hills, California">Beverly Hills, California</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citizenship</th><td class="infobox-data category">American (Irish citizenship granted late in life)<sup id="cite_ref-rteco_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rteco-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh" title="University of Pittsburgh">University of Pittsburgh</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Dancer</li><li>actor</li><li>singer</li><li>director</li><li>choreographer</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1931–1994</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist nowraplinks"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Singin%27_in_the_Rain" title="Singin' in the Rain">Singin' in the Rain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_American_in_Paris_(film)" title="An American in Paris (film)">An American in Paris</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Town_(film)" title="On the Town (film)">On the Town</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Invitation_to_the_Dance_(film)" title="Invitation to the Dance (film)">Invitation to the Dance</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Betsy_Blair" title="Betsy Blair">Betsy Blair</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1941; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1957)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Coyne" title="Jeanne Coyne">Jeanne Coyne</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1960; died 1973)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Patricia Ward</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1990)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Eugene Curran Kelly</b> (August 23, 1912 – February 2, 1996) was an American dancer, actor, singer, director and choreographer. He was known for his energetic and athletic dancing style and sought to create a new form of American dance accessible to the general public, which he called "dance for the common man".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He starred in, choreographed, and, with <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Donen" title="Stanley Donen">Stanley Donen</a>, co-directed some of the most well-regarded <a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">musical films</a> of the 1940s and 1950s. </p><p>Kelly is known for his performances in <i><a href="/wiki/An_American_in_Paris_(film)" title="An American in Paris (film)">An American in Paris</a></i> (1951), which won the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Academy Award for Best Picture</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Singin%27_in_the_Rain" title="Singin' in the Rain">Singin' in the Rain</a></i> (1952), which he and Donen directed and choreographed, and other musical films of that era such as <i><a href="/wiki/Cover_Girl_(film)" title="Cover Girl (film)">Cover Girl</a></i> (1944) and <i><a href="/wiki/Anchors_Aweigh_(film)" title="Anchors Aweigh (film)">Anchors Aweigh</a></i> (1945), for which he was nominated for an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Academy Award for Best Actor</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Town_(film)" title="On the Town (film)">On the Town</a></i> (1949), which he co-directed with Donen, was his directorial debut. Later in the 1950s, as musicals waned in popularity, he starred in <i><a href="/wiki/Brigadoon_(film)" title="Brigadoon (film)">Brigadoon</a></i> (1954) and <i><a href="/wiki/It%27s_Always_Fair_Weather" title="It's Always Fair Weather">It's Always Fair Weather</a></i> (1955), the last film he directed with Donen. His solo directorial debut was <i><a href="/wiki/Invitation_to_the_Dance_(film)" title="Invitation to the Dance (film)">Invitation to the Dance</a></i> (1956), one of the last MGM musicals, which was a commercial failure. </p><p>Kelly made his film debut in <i><a href="/wiki/For_Me_and_My_Gal_(film)" title="For Me and My Gal (film)">For Me and My Gal</a></i> (1942) with <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a>, with whom he also appeared in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Pirate_(1948_film)" title="The Pirate (1948 film)">The Pirate</a></i> (1948) and <i><a href="/wiki/Summer_Stock" title="Summer Stock">Summer Stock</a></i> (1950). He also appeared in the <a href="/wiki/Drama_(film_and_television)" title="Drama (film and television)">dramas</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Black_Hand_(1950_film)" title="Black Hand (1950 film)">Black Hand</a></i> (1950) and <i><a href="/wiki/Inherit_the_Wind_(1960_film)" title="Inherit the Wind (1960 film)">Inherit the Wind</a></i> (1960),<sup id="cite_ref-DiLeo2002_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DiLeo2002-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for which he received critical praise. </p><p>He continued as a director in the 1960s, with his credits including <i><a href="/wiki/A_Guide_for_the_Married_Man" title="A Guide for the Married Man">A Guide for the Married Man</a></i> (1967) and <i><a href="/wiki/Hello,_Dolly!_(film)" title="Hello, Dolly! (film)">Hello, Dolly!</a></i> (1969),<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which received an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Oscar nomination for Best Picture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Oscars1970_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oscars1970-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NY_Times_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY_Times-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He co-hosted and appeared in <i><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Follies_(film)" title="Ziegfeld Follies (film)">Ziegfeld Follies</a></i> (1946), <i><a href="/wiki/That%27s_Entertainment!" title="That's Entertainment!">That's Entertainment!</a></i> (1974), <i><a href="/wiki/That%27s_Entertainment,_Part_II" title="That's Entertainment, Part II">That's Entertainment, Part II</a></i> (1976), <i><a href="/wiki/That%27s_Dancing!" title="That's Dancing!">That's Dancing!</a></i> (1985), and <i><a href="/wiki/That%27s_Entertainment,_Part_III" class="mw-redirect" title="That's Entertainment, Part III">That's Entertainment, Part III</a></i> (1994). </p><p>His innovations transformed the Hollywood musical, and he is credited with almost single-handedly making the ballet form commercially acceptable to film audiences.<sup id="cite_ref-Billman_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Billman-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to dance and art historian Beth Genné, working with his co-director Donen in <i>Singin' in the Rain</i> and in films with director <a href="/wiki/Vincente_Minnelli" title="Vincente Minnelli">Vincente Minnelli</a>, "Kelly ... fundamentally affected the way movies are made and the way we look at them. And he did it with a dancer's eye and from a dancer's perspective."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kelly received an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Academy Honorary Award">Academy Honorary Award</a> in 1952 for his career achievements; the same year, <i>An American in Paris</i> won six Academy Awards, including Best Picture. He later received lifetime achievement awards in the <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Kennedy Center Honors</a> (1982) and from the <a href="/wiki/Screen_Actors_Guild" title="Screen Actors Guild">Screen Actors Guild</a> and <a href="/wiki/American_Film_Institute" title="American Film Institute">American Film Institute</a>. In 1999, the American Film Institute also ranked him as the <a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Stars" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars">15th greatest male screen legend</a> of <a href="/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema" title="Classical Hollywood cinema">Classic Hollywood Cinema</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GKellyPittSeniorYB.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/GKellyPittSeniorYB.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="223" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="145" data-file-height="223" /></a><figcaption>Kelly's senior picture from the 1933 yearbook of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh" title="University of Pittsburgh">University of Pittsburgh</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Kelly was born in the <a href="/wiki/East_Liberty_(Pittsburgh)" title="East Liberty (Pittsburgh)">East Liberty</a> neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a>. He was middle of 5 children of James Patrick Joseph Kelly, a <a href="/wiki/Phonograph" title="Phonograph">phonograph</a> salesman, and his wife, Harriet Catherine Curran.<sup id="cite_ref-yudu_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yudu-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father was born in <a href="/wiki/Peterborough,_Ontario" title="Peterborough, Ontario">Peterborough</a>, Ontario, Canada, to an Irish Canadian family. His maternal grandfather was an immigrant from <a href="/wiki/Derry" title="Derry">Derry</a>, Ireland, and his maternal grandmother was of German ancestry.<sup id="cite_ref-google_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When he was eight, Kelly's mother enrolled him and his brother James in dance classes, along with their sisters. As Kelly recalled, they both rebelled: "We didn't like it much and were continually involved in fistfights with the neighborhood boys who called us <a href="/wiki/Sissy" title="Sissy">sissies</a>  ... I didn't dance again until I was 15."<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At one time, his childhood dream was to play <a href="/wiki/Shortstop" title="Shortstop">shortstop</a> for the hometown <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Pirates" title="Pittsburgh Pirates">Pittsburgh Pirates</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-post-gazette_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-gazette-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the time he decided to dance, he was an accomplished sportsman and able to defend himself. He attended St. Raphael Elementary School<sup id="cite_ref-straphaelelementaryschool_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-straphaelelementaryschool-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the <a href="/wiki/Morningside_(Pittsburgh)" title="Morningside (Pittsburgh)">Morningside</a> neighborhood of Pittsburgh and graduated from <a href="/wiki/Peabody_High_School_(Pennsylvania)" title="Peabody High School (Pennsylvania)">Peabody High School</a> at age 16. He entered the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Pennsylvania State College">Pennsylvania State College</a> as a journalism major, but after the <a href="/wiki/1929_crash" class="mw-redirect" title="1929 crash">1929 crash</a> he left school and found work in order to help his family financially. He created dance routines with his younger brother <a href="/wiki/Fred_Norbert_Kelly" title="Fred Norbert Kelly">Fred</a> to earn prize money in local talent contests. They also performed in local nightclubs.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1931, Kelly enrolled at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh" title="University of Pittsburgh">University of Pittsburgh</a> to study economics, joining the Theta Kappa Phi fraternity (later known as <a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Theta" title="Phi Kappa Theta">Phi Kappa Theta</a> after merging with Phi Kappa).<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He became involved in the university's <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh_Stages" title="University of Pittsburgh Stages">Cap and Gown Club</a>, which staged original musical productions.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After graduating in 1933, he continued to be active with the Cap and Gown Club, serving as the director from 1934 to 1938. Kelly was admitted to the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh_School_of_Law" title="University of Pittsburgh School of Law">University of Pittsburgh Law School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His family opened a dance studio in the <a href="/wiki/Squirrel_Hill" title="Squirrel Hill">Squirrel Hill</a> neighborhood of Pittsburgh. In 1932, they renamed it the Gene Kelly Studio of the Dance and opened a second location in <a href="/wiki/Johnstown,_Pennsylvania" title="Johnstown, Pennsylvania">Johnstown, Pennsylvania</a> in 1933. Kelly served as a teacher at the studio during his undergraduate and law-student years at Pitt. In 1931, he was approached by the Beth Shalom Synagogue in Pittsburgh to teach dance, and to stage the annual <a href="/wiki/Kermesse_(festival)" title="Kermesse (festival)">Kermesse</a>. The venture proved a success, Kelly being retained for seven years until his departure for New York.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kelly eventually decided to pursue a career as a dance teacher and full-time entertainer, so he dropped out of law school after two months. He increased his focus on performing and later said: "With time I became disenchanted with teaching because the ratio of girls to boys was more than ten to one, and once the girls reached 16, the dropout rate was very high."<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1937, having successfully managed and developed the family's dance-school business, he moved to New York City in search of work as a choreographer.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kelly returned to Pittsburgh, to his family home at 7514 Kensington Street, in 1940, and worked as a theatrical actor.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stage_career">Stage career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Stage career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After a fruitless search for work in New York, Kelly returned to Pittsburgh to his first position as a choreographer with the Charles Gaynor musical revue <i>Hold Your Hats</i> at the <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Playhouse" title="Pittsburgh Playhouse">Pittsburgh Playhouse</a> in April 1938. Kelly appeared in six of the sketches, one of which, <i><a href="/wiki/La_cumparsita" title="La cumparsita">La cumparsita</a></i>, became the basis of an extended Spanish number in the film <i><a href="/wiki/Anchors_Aweigh_(film)" title="Anchors Aweigh (film)">Anchors Aweigh</a></i> eight years later. </p><p>His first <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> assignment, in November 1938, was as a dancer in <a href="/wiki/Cole_Porter" title="Cole Porter">Cole Porter</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Leave_It_to_Me!" title="Leave It to Me!">Leave It to Me!</a></i>—as the American ambassador's secretary who supports <a href="/wiki/Mary_Martin" title="Mary Martin">Mary Martin</a> while she sings "<a href="/wiki/My_Heart_Belongs_to_Daddy" title="My Heart Belongs to Daddy">My Heart Belongs to Daddy</a>". He had been hired by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Alton" title="Robert Alton">Robert Alton</a>, who had staged a show at the Pittsburgh Playhouse where he was impressed by Kelly's teaching skills. When Alton moved on to choreograph the musical <i>One for the Money</i>, he hired Kelly to act, sing, and dance in eight routines. In 1939, he was selected for a musical revue, <i>One for the Money</i>, produced by the actress <a href="/wiki/Katharine_Cornell" title="Katharine Cornell">Katharine Cornell</a>, who was known for finding and hiring talented young actors. </p><p>Kelly's first big breakthrough was in the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prize</a>–winning <i><a href="/wiki/The_Time_of_Your_Life" title="The Time of Your Life">The Time of Your Life</a></i>, which opened on October 25, 1939—in which, for the first time on Broadway, he danced to his own choreography. In the same year, he received his first assignment as a Broadway choreographer, for <i><a href="/wiki/Billy_Rose" title="Billy Rose">Billy Rose</a>'s Diamond Horseshoe</i>. He began dating a cast member, <a href="/wiki/Betsy_Blair" title="Betsy Blair">Betsy Blair</a>, and they got married on October 16, 1941. </p><p>In 1940, he got the lead role in <a href="/wiki/Rodgers_and_Hart" title="Rodgers and Hart">Rodgers and Hart</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Pal_Joey_(musical)" title="Pal Joey (musical)">Pal Joey</a></i>, again choreographed by Robert Alton. This role propelled him to stardom. During its run, he told reporters: "I don't believe in conformity to any school of dancing. I create what the drama and the music demand. While I am a hundred percent for ballet technique, I use only what I can adapt to my own use. I never let technique get in the way of mood or continuity."<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His colleagues at this time noticed his great commitment to rehearsal and hard work. <a href="/wiki/Van_Johnson" title="Van Johnson">Van Johnson</a>—who also appeared in <i>Pal Joey</i>—recalled: "I watched him rehearsing, and it seemed to me that there was no possible room for improvement. Yet he wasn't satisfied. It was midnight and we had been rehearsing since 8 in the morning. I was making my way sleepily down the long flight of stairs when I heard staccato steps coming from the stage ... I could see just a single lamp burning. Under it, a figure was dancing ... Gene."<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Offers from Hollywood began to arrive, but Kelly was in no hurry to leave New York. Eventually, he signed with <a href="/wiki/David_O._Selznick" title="David O. Selznick">David O. Selznick</a>, agreeing to go to Hollywood at the end of his commitment to <i>Pal Joey</i>, in October 1941. Prior to his contract, he also managed to fit in choreographing the stage production of <i><a href="/wiki/Best_Foot_Forward_(musical)" title="Best Foot Forward (musical)">Best Foot Forward</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Film_career">Film career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Film career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1941–1945:_Becoming_established_in_Hollywood"><span id="1941.E2.80.931945:_Becoming_established_in_Hollywood"></span>1941–1945: Becoming established in Hollywood</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1941–1945: Becoming established in Hollywood"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gene_Kelly_dancing_with_Jerry_Mouse_(%22Anchors_Aweigh%22,_1945).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3e/Gene_Kelly_dancing_with_Jerry_Mouse_%28%22Anchors_Aweigh%22%2C_1945%29.gif/220px-Gene_Kelly_dancing_with_Jerry_Mouse_%28%22Anchors_Aweigh%22%2C_1945%29.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/3e/Gene_Kelly_dancing_with_Jerry_Mouse_%28%22Anchors_Aweigh%22%2C_1945%29.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="273" data-file-height="364" /></a><figcaption>Gene Kelly dances with <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Mouse" title="Jerry Mouse">Jerry</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry" title="Tom and Jerry">Tom and Jerry</a></i> in <i>Anchors Aweigh</i> (1945), a performance which changed at least one critic's opinion of Kelly's skills.</figcaption></figure> <p>Selznick sold half of Kelly's contract to <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> for his first motion picture: <i><a href="/wiki/For_Me_and_My_Gal_(film)" title="For Me and My Gal (film)">For Me and My Gal</a></i> (1942) starring <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a>. Kelly said he was "appalled at the sight of myself blown up 20 times. I had an awful feeling that I was a tremendous flop." <i>For Me and My Gal</i> performed very well, and in the face of much internal resistance, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Freed" title="Arthur Freed">Arthur Freed</a> of MGM picked up the other half of Kelly's contract.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After appearing in a <a href="/wiki/B_movie" title="B movie">B movie</a> drama, <i><a href="/wiki/Pilot_No._5" title="Pilot No. 5">Pilot No. 5</a></i> (1943) and in <i><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Holiday" title="Christmas Holiday">Christmas Holiday</a></i> (1944), he took the male lead in Cole Porter's <i><a href="/wiki/DuBarry_Was_a_Lady_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="DuBarry Was a Lady (film)">Du Barry Was a Lady</a></i> (1943) with <a href="/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball">Lucille Ball</a> (in a part originally intended for <a href="/wiki/Ann_Sothern" title="Ann Sothern">Ann Sothern</a>). His first opportunity to dance to his own choreography came in his next picture, <i><a href="/wiki/Thousands_Cheer" title="Thousands Cheer">Thousands Cheer</a></i> (1943), in which he performed a mock-love dance with a mop. Unusually, in <i>Pilot No. 5</i>, Kelly played the <a href="/wiki/Antagonist" title="Antagonist">antagonist</a>. </p><p>He achieved a significant breakthrough as a dancer on film when MGM lent him to <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Pictures" title="Columbia Pictures">Columbia</a> to work with <a href="/wiki/Rita_Hayworth" title="Rita Hayworth">Rita Hayworth</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Cover_Girl_(film)" title="Cover Girl (film)">Cover Girl</a></i> (1944), a film that foreshadowed the best of his future work.<sup id="cite_ref-Hess_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hess-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He created a memorable routine dancing to his own reflection. Despite this, critic <a href="/wiki/Manny_Farber" title="Manny Farber">Manny Farber</a> was moved to praise Kelly's "attitude", "clarity", and "feeling" as an actor while inauspiciously concluding, "The two things he does least well—singing and dancing—are what he is given most consistently to do."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Kelly's next film, <i><a href="/wiki/Anchors_Aweigh_(film)" title="Anchors Aweigh (film)">Anchors Aweigh</a></i> (1945), MGM gave him a free hand to devise a range of dance routines, including his duets with co-star <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a> and the celebrated animated dance with <a href="/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry" title="Tom and Jerry">Jerry Mouse</a>—the animation for which was supervised by <a href="/wiki/William_Hanna" title="William Hanna">William Hanna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera">Joseph Barbera</a>. That performance was enough for Farber to completely reverse his previous assessment of Kelly's skills. Reviewing the film, Farber enthused, "Kelly is the most exciting dancer to appear in Hollywood movies."<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Anchors Aweigh</i> became one of the most successful films of 1945 and Kelly was nominated for the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Academy Award for Best Actor</a>. In <i><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Follies_(film)" title="Ziegfeld Follies (film)">Ziegfeld Follies</a></i> (1946)—which was produced in 1944 but delayed for release—Kelly collaborated with <a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a>, for whom he had the greatest admiration, in "The Babbitt and the Bromide" challenge dance routine. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Military_service">Military service</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Military service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kelly was deferred from the <a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_the_United_States" title="Conscription in the United States">draft</a> in 1940<sup id="cite_ref-:1_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Selective_Service_System" title="Selective Service System">Selective Service System</a> at the request of his employers, but was classified 1-A, eligible for induction, in October 1944 after an appeal to President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin Delano Roosevelt">Franklin Delano Roosevelt</a> by the head of the Selective Service in New York City.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roosevelt personally upheld the appeal.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was inducted into the armed forces a month later, and at his request he was assigned to the U.S. Navy.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">U.S. Naval Air Service</a> and was commissioned as <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant,_junior_grade" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant, junior grade">lieutenant, junior grade</a>. He was stationed in the Photographic Section, Washington, D.C., where he helped write and direct a range of documentaries – this stimulated his interest in the production side of filmmaking.<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was discharged in 1946.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1946–1952:_MGM"><span id="1946.E2.80.931952:_MGM"></span>1946–1952: MGM</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1946–1952: MGM"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Kelly returned from Naval service, MGM had nothing planned and used him in a routine black-and-white movie: <i><a href="/wiki/Living_in_a_Big_Way" title="Living in a Big Way">Living in a Big Way</a></i> (1947). The film was considered so weak that the studio asked Kelly to design and insert a series of dance routines; they noticed his ability to carry out such assignments. This led to a lead part in his next picture, with Judy Garland and director <a href="/wiki/Vincente_Minnelli" title="Vincente Minnelli">Vincente Minnelli</a>—a musical film version of <a href="/wiki/S.N._Behrman" class="mw-redirect" title="S.N. Behrman">S.N. Behrman</a>'s play, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Pirate_(1948_film)" title="The Pirate (1948 film)">The Pirate</a></i> (1948), with songs by Cole Porter. <i>The Pirate</i> gave full rein to Kelly's athleticism. It features Kelly's work with <a href="/wiki/The_Nicholas_Brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="The Nicholas Brothers">the Nicholas Brothers</a>—the leading black dancers of their day—in a virtuoso dance routine. Now regarded as a classic, the film was ahead of its time, but flopped at the box office. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:An_American_in_Paris_(1951)_trailer_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/An_American_in_Paris_%281951%29_trailer_1.jpg/220px-An_American_in_Paris_%281951%29_trailer_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/An_American_in_Paris_%281951%29_trailer_1.jpg/330px-An_American_in_Paris_%281951%29_trailer_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/An_American_in_Paris_%281951%29_trailer_1.jpg/440px-An_American_in_Paris_%281951%29_trailer_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="614" data-file-height="478" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Caron" title="Leslie Caron">Leslie Caron</a> and Kelly in the trailer for <i><a href="/wiki/An_American_in_Paris_(film)" title="An American in Paris (film)">An American in Paris</a></i> (1951)</figcaption></figure> <p>MGM wanted Kelly to return to safer and more commercial vehicles, but he ceaselessly fought for an opportunity to direct his own musical film. In the interim, he capitalized on his swashbuckling image as <a href="/wiki/D%27Artagnan" class="mw-redirect" title="D'Artagnan">d'Artagnan</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Three_Musketeers_(1948_film)" title="The Three Musketeers (1948 film)">The Three Musketeers</a></i> (also 1948)—and also appeared with <a href="/wiki/Vera-Ellen" title="Vera-Ellen">Vera-Ellen</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Slaughter_on_Tenth_Avenue" title="Slaughter on Tenth Avenue">Slaughter on Tenth Avenue</a></i> ballet in <i><a href="/wiki/Words_and_Music_(1948_film)" title="Words and Music (1948 film)">Words and Music</a></i> (1948 again). He was due to play the male lead opposite Garland in <i><a href="/wiki/Easter_Parade_(film)" title="Easter Parade (film)">Easter Parade</a></i> (1948), but broke his ankle playing volleyball. He withdrew from the film and persuaded <a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a> to come out of retirement to replace him.<sup id="cite_ref-Astaire_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Astaire-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There followed <i><a href="/wiki/Take_Me_Out_to_the_Ball_Game_(film)" title="Take Me Out to the Ball Game (film)">Take Me Out to the Ball Game</a></i> (1949), his second film with Sinatra, where Kelly paid tribute to his Irish heritage in "The Hat My Father Wore on St. Patrick's Day" routine. This musical film persuaded Arthur Freed to have Kelly make <i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Town_(film)" title="On the Town (film)">On the Town</a></i> (also 1949), in which he partnered with Frank Sinatra for the third and final time. A breakthrough in the musical film genre, it has been described as "the most inventive and effervescent musical thus far produced in Hollywood."<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Donen" title="Stanley Donen">Stanley Donen</a>, brought to Hollywood by Kelly to be his assistant choreographer, received co-director credit for <i>On the Town</i>. According to Kelly: "when you are involved in doing choreography for film, you must have expert assistants. I needed one to watch my performance, and one to work with the cameraman on the timing ... without such people as Stanley, <a href="/wiki/Carol_Haney" title="Carol Haney">Carol Haney</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Coyne" title="Jeanne Coyne">Jeanne Coyne</a> I could never have done these things. When we came to do <i>On the Town</i>, I knew it was time for Stanley to get screen credit because we weren't boss–assistant anymore but co-creators."<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Together, they opened up the musical form, taking the film musical out of the studio and into real locations, with Donen taking responsibility for the staging and Kelly handling the choreography. Kelly went much further than before in introducing modern ballet into his dance sequences, going so far in the "Day in New York" routine as to substitute four leading ballet specialists for Sinatra, Munshin, Garrett, and Miller.<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kelly asked the studio for a straight acting role, and he took the lead role in the early <a href="/wiki/Italian-American_Mafia" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian-American Mafia">Mafia</a> melodrama <i><a href="/wiki/Black_Hand_(1950_film)" title="Black Hand (1950 film)">Black Hand</a></i> (1950). This exposé of organized crime is set in New York's "<a href="/wiki/Little_Italy" title="Little Italy">Little Italy</a>" during the late 19th century and focuses on the <a href="/wiki/Black_Hand_(extortion)" title="Black Hand (extortion)">Black Hand</a>, a group that extorts money upon threat of death. In the real-life incidents upon which this film is based, it was the Mafia, not the Black Hand, who functioned as the villain. Filmmakers had to tread gingerly whenever dealing with big-time crime, it being safer to go after a "dead" criminal organization than a "live" one. There followed <i><a href="/wiki/Summer_Stock" title="Summer Stock">Summer Stock</a></i> (1950)—Garland's last musical film for MGM—in which Kelly performed the "You, You Wonderful You" solo routine with a newspaper and a squeaky floorboard. In his book <i>Easy the Hard Way</i>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Pasternak" title="Joe Pasternak">Joe Pasternak</a>, head of another of MGM's musical units, singled out Kelly for his patience and willingness to spend as much time as necessary to enable the ailing Garland to complete her part.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Singin%27_in_the_Rain_trailer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Singin%27_in_the_Rain_trailer.jpg/267px-Singin%27_in_the_Rain_trailer.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Singin%27_in_the_Rain_trailer.jpg/401px-Singin%27_in_the_Rain_trailer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Singin%27_in_the_Rain_trailer.jpg/534px-Singin%27_in_the_Rain_trailer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="843" data-file-height="648" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Singin%27_in_the_Rain" title="Singin' in the Rain">Singin' in the Rain</a></i> trailer: <a href="/wiki/Donald_O%27Connor" title="Donald O'Connor">Donald O'Connor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Debbie_Reynolds" title="Debbie Reynolds">Debbie Reynolds</a> and Kelly (1952)</figcaption></figure> <p>Then followed in quick succession two musicals that secured Kelly's reputation as a major figure in the American musical film. First, <i><a href="/wiki/An_American_in_Paris_(film)" title="An American in Paris (film)">An American in Paris</a></i> (1951) and—probably the most admired of all film musicals—<i><a href="/wiki/Singin%27_in_the_Rain" title="Singin' in the Rain">Singin' in the Rain</a></i> (1952). As co-director, lead star, and choreographer, Kelly was the driving force in both of these films. <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Green" title="Johnny Green">Johnny Green</a>, the head of music at MGM at the time, said of him, </p> <blockquote><p>Gene is easygoing as long as you know exactly what you are doing when you're working with him. He's a hard taskmaster and he loves hard work. If you want to play on his team you'd better like hard work, too. He isn't cruel, but he is tough, and if Gene believed in something, he didn't care who he was talking to, whether it was <a href="/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer">Louis B. Mayer</a> or the gatekeeper. He wasn't awed by anybody, and he had a good record of getting what he wanted.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><i>An American in Paris</i> won six Academy Awards, including <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Best Picture</a>. The film also marked the debut of 19-year-old ballerina <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Caron" title="Leslie Caron">Leslie Caron</a>, whom Kelly had spotted in Paris and brought to Hollywood. Its dream ballet sequence, lasting an unprecedented 17 minutes, was the most expensive production number ever filmed at that time. <a href="/wiki/Bosley_Crowther" title="Bosley Crowther">Bosley Crowther</a> described it as, "whoop-de-doo ... one of the finest ever put on the screen."<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in 1951, Kelly received an honorary Academy Award for his contribution to film musicals and the art of choreography. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Singin%27_In_The_Rain_Lobby_Card_1_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Singin%27_In_The_Rain_Lobby_Card_1_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Singin%27_In_The_Rain_Lobby_Card_1_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Singin%27_In_The_Rain_Lobby_Card_1_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Singin%27_In_The_Rain_Lobby_Card_1_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Singin%27_In_The_Rain_Lobby_Card_1_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Singin%27_In_The_Rain_Lobby_Card_1_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="637" data-file-height="465" /></a><figcaption>Donald O'Connor, Debbie Reynolds, and Gene Kelly from a <a href="/wiki/Lobby_card" class="mw-redirect" title="Lobby card">lobby card</a> for <i>Singin' in the Rain</i></figcaption></figure> <p>The following year, <i>Singin' in the Rain</i> featured Kelly's celebrated and much imitated solo dance routine to the title song, along with the "Moses Supposes" routine with Donald O'Connor and the "Broadway Melody" finale with <a href="/wiki/Cyd_Charisse" title="Cyd Charisse">Cyd Charisse</a>. Though the film did not initially generate the same enthusiasm <i>An American in Paris</i> created, it has subsequently overtaken the earlier film to occupy its current pre-eminent place in the esteem of critics. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1953–1957:_Decline_of_Hollywood_musicals"><span id="1953.E2.80.931957:_Decline_of_Hollywood_musicals"></span>1953–1957: Decline of Hollywood musicals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1953–1957: Decline of Hollywood musicals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the peak of his creative powers, Kelly made what in retrospect some see as a career mistake.<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 1951, he signed a contract with MGM that sent him to Europe for 19 months to use MGM funds frozen in Europe to make three pictures while personally benefiting from tax exemptions. <i><a href="/wiki/Invitation_to_the_Dance_(film)" title="Invitation to the Dance (film)">Invitation to the Dance</a></i>, a pet project of Kelly's to bring modern ballet to mainstream film audiences. It was beset with delays and technical problems, and flopped when finally released in 1956. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Its_Always_Fair_Weather_photo.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Its_Always_Fair_Weather_photo.JPG/220px-Its_Always_Fair_Weather_photo.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Its_Always_Fair_Weather_photo.JPG/330px-Its_Always_Fair_Weather_photo.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Its_Always_Fair_Weather_photo.JPG/440px-Its_Always_Fair_Weather_photo.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1421" data-file-height="937" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kidd" title="Michael Kidd">Michael Kidd</a>, Kelly, and <a href="/wiki/Dan_Dailey" title="Dan Dailey">Dan Dailey</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/It%27s_Always_Fair_Weather" title="It's Always Fair Weather">It's Always Fair Weather</a></i> (1955), directed by Kelly and <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Donen" title="Stanley Donen">Stanley Donen</a>, their last collaboration</figcaption></figure> <p>When Kelly returned to Hollywood in 1953, the film musical was beginning to feel the pressures from television, and MGM cut the budget for his next picture <i><a href="/wiki/Brigadoon_(film)" title="Brigadoon (film)">Brigadoon</a></i> (1954), with Cyd Charisse, forcing him to make the film on studio backlots instead of on location in Scotland. This year also had him appear as a guest star with his brother Fred in the "I Love to Go Swimmin' with Wimmen" routine in <i><a href="/wiki/Deep_in_My_Heart_(1954_film)" title="Deep in My Heart (1954 film)">Deep in My Heart</a></i> (1954). MGM's refusal to lend him out for <i><a href="/wiki/Guys_and_Dolls_(film)" title="Guys and Dolls (film)">Guys and Dolls</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Pal_Joey_(film)" title="Pal Joey (film)">Pal Joey</a></i> put further strains on his relationship with the studio. He negotiated an exit to his contract that involved making three further pictures for MGM. The first of these, <i><a href="/wiki/It%27s_Always_Fair_Weather" title="It's Always Fair Weather">It's Always Fair Weather</a></i> (1955), co-directed with Donen, was a musical satire on television and advertising, and includes his roller-skate dance routine to <i>I Like Myself</i>, and a dance trio with <a href="/wiki/Michael_Kidd" title="Michael Kidd">Michael Kidd</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dan_Dailey" title="Dan Dailey">Dan Dailey</a> that Kelly used to experiment with the widescreen possibilities of <a href="/wiki/Cinemascope" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinemascope">Cinemascope</a>. MGM had lost faith in Kelly's box-office appeal, and as a result <i>It's Always Fair Weather</i> premiered at 17 drive-in theaters around the Los Angeles metroplex. Next followed Kelly's last musical film for MGM, <i><a href="/wiki/Les_Girls" title="Les Girls">Les Girls</a></i> (1957), in which he joined <a href="/wiki/Mitzi_Gaynor" title="Mitzi Gaynor">Mitzi Gaynor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kay_Kendall" title="Kay Kendall">Kay Kendall</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Taina_Elg" title="Taina Elg">Taina Elg</a>. The third picture he completed was a co-production between MGM and himself, a B-film, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Happy_Road" title="The Happy Road">The Happy Road</a></i> (1957), set in his beloved France, his first foray in a new role as producer-director-actor. After leaving MGM, Kelly returned to stage work. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1958–1996:_After_MGM"><span id="1958.E2.80.931996:_After_MGM"></span>1958–1996: After MGM</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1958–1996: After MGM"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1958, Kelly directed <a href="/wiki/Rodgers_and_Hammerstein" title="Rodgers and Hammerstein">Rodgers and Hammerstein</a>'s musical play <i><a href="/wiki/Flower_Drum_Song" title="Flower Drum Song">Flower Drum Song</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early in 1960, Kelly, an ardent Francophile and fluent French speaker, was invited by A. M. Julien, the general administrator of the <a href="/wiki/Palais_Garnier" title="Palais Garnier">Paris Opéra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra-Comique" title="Opéra-Comique">Opéra-Comique</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to select his own material and create a modern ballet for the company, the first time an American had received such an assignment. The result was <i>Pas de Dieux</i>, based on <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, combined with the music of <a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">George Gershwin</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Concerto_in_F_(Gershwin)" title="Concerto in F (Gershwin)">Concerto in F</a></i>. It was a major success, and it led to his being honored with the <i>Chevalier</i> de la <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9gion_d%27Honneur" class="mw-redirect" title="Légion d'Honneur">Légion d'Honneur</a> by the French Government. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Inherit_the_wind_trailer_(5)_Gene_Kelly.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Inherit_the_wind_trailer_%285%29_Gene_Kelly.jpg/220px-Inherit_the_wind_trailer_%285%29_Gene_Kelly.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Inherit_the_wind_trailer_%285%29_Gene_Kelly.jpg/330px-Inherit_the_wind_trailer_%285%29_Gene_Kelly.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Inherit_the_wind_trailer_%285%29_Gene_Kelly.jpg/440px-Inherit_the_wind_trailer_%285%29_Gene_Kelly.jpg 2x" data-file-width="704" data-file-height="381" /></a><figcaption>Kelly as Hornbeck in <i><a href="/wiki/Inherit_the_Wind_(1960_film)" title="Inherit the Wind (1960 film)">Inherit the Wind</a></i> (1960)</figcaption></figure> <p>Kelly continued to make some film appearances, such as Hornbeck in the Hollywood production of <i><a href="/wiki/Inherit_the_Wind_(1960_film)" title="Inherit the Wind (1960 film)">Inherit the Wind</a></i> (1960) and as himself in <i><a href="/wiki/Let%27s_Make_Love" title="Let's Make Love">Let's Make Love</a></i> (also 1960). However, most of his efforts were now concentrated on film production and directing. In Paris, he directed <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Gleason" title="Jackie Gleason">Jackie Gleason</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Gigot_(film)" title="Gigot (film)">Gigot</a></i> (1962), but the film was drastically recut by <a href="/wiki/Seven_Arts_Productions" title="Seven Arts Productions">Seven Arts Productions</a> and flopped.<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another French effort, <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Demy" title="Jacques Demy">Jacques Demy</a>'s homage to the MGM musical, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Girls_of_Rochefort" title="The Young Girls of Rochefort">The Young Girls of Rochefort</a></i> (<i>Les Demoiselles de Rochefort</i>, 1967), in which Kelly appeared, was a box-office success in France and nominated for Academy Awards for Best Music and Score of a Musical Picture (Original or Adaptation), but performed poorly elsewhere. </p><p>He was asked to direct the film version of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sound_of_Music_(film)" title="The Sound of Music (film)">The Sound of Music</a></i>, which had already been turned down by Stanley Donen. He escorted <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lehman" title="Ernest Lehman">Ernest Lehman</a>, the screenwriter, out of his house, saying, "Go find someone else to direct this piece of shit."<sup id="cite_ref-wsj_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wsj-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His first foray into television was a documentary for <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Omnibus_(U.S._TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Omnibus (U.S. TV series)">Omnibus</a></i>, <i>Dancing is a Man's Game</i> (1958), in which he assembled a group of America's greatest sportsmen—including <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Mantle" title="Mickey Mantle">Mickey Mantle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Robinson" title="Sugar Ray Robinson">Sugar Ray Robinson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bob_Cousy" title="Bob Cousy">Bob Cousy</a>—and reinterpreted their moves choreographically, as part of his lifelong quest to remove the effeminate stereotype of the art of dance, while articulating the philosophy behind his dance style.<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It gained an <a href="/wiki/Emmy" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy">Emmy</a> nomination for choreography and now stands as the key document explaining Kelly's approach to modern dance. </p><p>Kelly appeared frequently on television shows during the 1960s, including <i><a href="/wiki/Going_My_Way_(TV_series)" title="Going My Way (TV series)">Going My Way</a></i> (1962–63), which was based on the <a href="/wiki/Going_My_Way" title="Going My Way">1944 film of the same name</a>. It enjoyed great popularity in Roman Catholic countries outside the US.<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also appeared in three major TV specials: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Julie_Andrews_Show" title="The Julie Andrews Show">The Julie Andrews Show</a></i> (1965), <i>New York, New York</i> (1966), and <i><a href="/wiki/Jack_and_the_Beanstalk_(1967_film)" title="Jack and the Beanstalk (1967 film)">Jack and the Beanstalk</a></i> (1967)—a show he produced and directed that again combined cartoon animation and live dance, winning him an <a href="/wiki/Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy Award">Emmy Award</a> for Outstanding Children's Program. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hello,_Dolly!1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Hello%2C_Dolly%211.jpg/220px-Hello%2C_Dolly%211.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Hello%2C_Dolly%211.jpg/330px-Hello%2C_Dolly%211.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Hello%2C_Dolly%211.jpg/440px-Hello%2C_Dolly%211.jpg 2x" data-file-width="845" data-file-height="358" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Walter_Matthau" title="Walter Matthau">Walter Matthau</a> with <a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Hello,_Dolly!_(film)" title="Hello, Dolly! (film)">Hello, Dolly!</a></i> (1969)</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1963, Kelly joined <a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Pictures</a> for a two-year stint. He joined <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Fox" class="mw-redirect" title="20th Century Fox">20th Century Fox</a> in 1965, but had little to do—partly due to his decision to decline assignments away from Los Angeles for family reasons. His perseverance finally paid off, with the major box-office hit <i><a href="/wiki/A_Guide_for_the_Married_Man" title="A Guide for the Married Man">A Guide for the Married Man</a></i> (1967), in which he directed <a href="/wiki/Walter_Matthau" title="Walter Matthau">Walter Matthau</a>. Then, a major opportunity arose when Fox—buoyed by the returns from <i>The Sound of Music</i> (1965)—commissioned Kelly to direct <i><a href="/wiki/Hello,_Dolly!_(film)" title="Hello, Dolly! (film)">Hello, Dolly!</a></i> (1969), again directing Matthau along with <a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a>. The film was nominated for <a href="/wiki/42nd_Academy_Awards" title="42nd Academy Awards">seven Academy Awards, winning three</a>. </p><p>In 1966, Kelly starred in a musical television special for <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> titled <i>Gene Kelly in New York, New York</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The special focuses on Gene Kelly in a musical tour around <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, dancing along such landmarks as <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Center" title="Rockefeller Center">Rockefeller Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Plaza_Hotel" class="mw-redirect" title="The Plaza Hotel">the Plaza Hotel</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Museum_of_Modern_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="The Museum of Modern Art">the Museum of Modern Art</a>, which serve as backdrops for the show's entertaining production numbers.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The special was written by <a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a>, who also stars alongside Kelly. Guest stars included choreographer <a href="/wiki/Gower_Champion" title="Gower Champion">Gower Champion</a>, British musical comedy star <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Steele" title="Tommy Steele">Tommy Steele</a>, and singer <a href="/wiki/Damita_Jo_DeBlanc" title="Damita Jo DeBlanc">Damita Jo DeBlanc</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1970, he made another television special: <i>Gene Kelly and 50 Girls</i>, and was invited to bring the show to <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley" title="Las Vegas Valley">Las Vegas</a>, which he did for an eight-week stint on the condition he be paid more than any artist had ever been paid there.<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He directed veteran actors <a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fonda" title="Henry Fonda">Henry Fonda</a> in the comedy Western <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cheyenne_Social_Club" title="The Cheyenne Social Club">The Cheyenne Social Club</a></i> (1970), which performed poorly at the box office. In 1973, he worked again with Frank Sinatra as part of Sinatra's <a href="/wiki/Emmy" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy">Emmy</a>-nominated TV special, <i><a href="/wiki/Magnavox_Presents_Frank_Sinatra" title="Magnavox Presents Frank Sinatra">Magnavox Presents Frank Sinatra</a></i>. He appeared as one of many special narrators in the surprise hit <i><a href="/wiki/That%27s_Entertainment!" title="That's Entertainment!">That's Entertainment!</a></i> (1974). He directed and co-starred with his friend Fred Astaire in the sequel <i><a href="/wiki/That%27s_Entertainment,_Part_II" title="That's Entertainment, Part II">That's Entertainment, Part II</a></i> (1976). It was a measure of his powers of persuasion that he managed to coax the 77-year-old Astaire—who had insisted that his contract rule out any dancing, having long since retired—into performing a series of song-and-dance duets, evoking a powerful nostalgia for the glory days of the American musical film. </p><p>Kelly was a guest on the 1975 television special starring Steve Lawrence and Eydie Gormé, "Our Love Is Here to Stay," appearing with his son, Tim, and daughter, Bridget. He starred in the poorly received action film <i><a href="/wiki/Viva_Knievel!" title="Viva Knievel!">Viva Knievel!</a></i> (1977), with the then high-profile stuntman, <a href="/wiki/Evel_Knievel" title="Evel Knievel">Evel Knievel</a>. Kelly continued to make frequent TV appearances. His final film role was in <i><a href="/wiki/Xanadu_(film)" title="Xanadu (film)">Xanadu</a></i> (1980), a surprise flop despite a popular <a href="/wiki/Xanadu_(soundtrack)" title="Xanadu (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a> that spawned five Top 20 hits by the <a href="/wiki/Electric_Light_Orchestra" title="Electric Light Orchestra">Electric Light Orchestra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cliff_Richard" title="Cliff Richard">Cliff Richard</a>, and Kelly's co-star <a href="/wiki/Olivia_Newton-John" title="Olivia Newton-John">Olivia Newton-John</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Kelly's opinion, "The concept was marvelous, but it just didn't come off."<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same year, he was invited by <a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> to recruit a production staff for American Zoetrope's <i><a href="/wiki/One_from_the_Heart" title="One from the Heart">One from the Heart</a></i> (1982). Although Coppola's ambition was for him to establish a production unit to rival the <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Freed" title="Arthur Freed">Freed Unit</a> at MGM, the film's failure put an end to this idea.<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 1983 he made his first Royal Variety Performance before Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, at London's Theatre Royal. Kelly served as executive producer and co-host of <i><a href="/wiki/That%27s_Dancing!" title="That's Dancing!">That's Dancing!</a></i> (1985), a celebration of the history of dance in the American musical. Kelly's final on-screen appearance was to introduce <i><a href="/wiki/That%27s_Entertainment!_III" title="That's Entertainment! III">That's Entertainment! III</a></i> (1994). His final film project was the animated film <i><a href="/wiki/Cats_Don%27t_Dance" title="Cats Don't Dance">Cats Don't Dance</a></i>, not released until 1997, for which Kelly acted as an uncredited choreographic consultant. It was dedicated to his memory. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Working_methods_and_influence_on_filmed_dance">Working methods and influence on filmed dance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Working methods and influence on filmed dance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When he began his collaborative film work, he was influenced by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Alton" title="Robert Alton">Robert Alton</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Murray_Anderson" title="John Murray Anderson">John Murray Anderson</a>, striving to create moods and character insight with his dances. He choreographed his own movement, along with that of the ensemble, with the assistance of <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Coyne" title="Jeanne Coyne">Jeanne Coyne</a>, Stanley Donen, <a href="/wiki/Carol_Haney" title="Carol Haney">Carol Haney</a>, and Alex Romero.<sup id="cite_ref-Billman_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Billman-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He experimented with lighting, camera techniques, and special effects to achieve true integration of dance with film, and was one of the first to use split screens, double images, and live action with animation, and is credited as the person who made the ballet form commercially acceptable to film audiences.<sup id="cite_ref-Billman_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Billman-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A clear progression was evident in his development, from an early concentration on tap and musical comedy style to greater complexity using ballet and modern dance forms.<sup id="cite_ref-Delamater_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Delamater-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kelly himself refused to categorize his style: "I don't have a name for my style of dancing ... It's certainly hybrid ... I've borrowed from the modern dance, from the classical, and certainly from the American folk dance—tap-dancing, jitterbugging ... But I have tried to develop a style which is indigenous to the environment in which I was reared."<sup id="cite_ref-Delamater_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Delamater-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He especially acknowledged the influence of <a href="/wiki/George_M._Cohan" title="George M. Cohan">George M. Cohan</a>: "I have a lot of Cohan in me. It's an Irish quality, a jaw-jutting, up-on-the-toes cockiness—which is a good quality for a male dancer to have."<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was also heavily influenced by an African-American dancer, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Dotson" title="Robert Dotson">Robert Dotson</a>, whom he saw perform at <a href="/wiki/Heinz_Hall_for_the_Performing_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Heinz Hall for the Performing Arts">Loew's Penn Theatre</a> around 1929. He was briefly taught by Frank Harrington, an African-American tap specialist from New York.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, his main interest was in ballet, which he studied under Kotchetovsky in the early 1930s. Biographer <a href="/wiki/Clive_Hirschhorn" title="Clive Hirschhorn">Clive Hirschhorn</a> writes: "As a child, he used to run for miles through parks and streets and woods—anywhere, just as long as he could feel the wind against his body and through his hair. Ballet gave him the same feeling of exhilaration, and in 1933, he was convinced it was the most satisfying form of self-expression."<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also studied Spanish dancing under Angel Cansino, <a href="/wiki/Rita_Hayworth" title="Rita Hayworth">Rita Hayworth</a>'s uncle.<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Generally speaking, he tended to use tap and other popular dance idioms to express joy and exuberance—as in the title song for <i>Singin' in the Rain</i> or "I Got Rhythm" in <i>An American in Paris</i>, whereas pensive or romantic feelings were more often expressed via ballet or modern dance, as in "Heather on the Hill" from <i>Brigadoon</i> or "<a href="/wiki/Our_Love_Is_Here_to_Stay" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Love Is Here to Stay">Our Love Is Here to Stay</a>" from <i>An American in Paris</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Delamater_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Delamater-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kelly_in_rehearsal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/10/Kelly_in_rehearsal.jpg/220px-Kelly_in_rehearsal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/10/Kelly_in_rehearsal.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="351" /></a><figcaption>Kelly in rehearsal with <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Robinson" title="Sugar Ray Robinson">Sugar Ray Robinson</a> and assistant <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Coyne" title="Jeanne Coyne">Jeanne Coyne</a> (his future wife) in the <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> <i>Omnibus</i> television special <i>Dancing is a Man's Game</i> (1958)</figcaption></figure> <p>According to Delamater, Kelly's work "seems to represent the fulfillment of dance–film integration in the 1940s and 1950s". While Fred Astaire had revolutionized the filming of dance in the 1930s by insisting on full-figure photography of dancers, while allowing only a modest degree of camera movement, Kelly freed up the camera, making greater use of space, camera movement, camera angles, and editing, creating a partnership between dance movement and camera movement without sacrificing full-figure framing. Kelly's reasoning behind this was that he felt the kinetic force of live dance often evaporated when brought to film, and he sought to partially overcome this by involving the camera in movement and giving the dancer a greater number of directions in which to move. Examples of this abound in Kelly's work and are well illustrated in the "Prehistoric Man" sequence from <i>On the Town</i> and "The Hat My Father Wore on St. Patrick's Day" from <i>Take Me Out to the Ball Game</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Delamater_38-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Delamater-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1951, he summed up his vision as: "If the camera is to make a contribution at all to dance, this must be the focal point of its contribution; the fluid background, giving each spectator an undistorted and altogether similar view of dancer and background. To accomplish this, the camera is made fluid, moving with the dancer, so that the lens becomes the eye of the spectator, <i>your eye</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-Billman_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Billman-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Kelly's athleticism gave his moves a distinctive broad, muscular quality,<sup id="cite_ref-Delamater_38-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Delamater-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and this was a deliberate choice on his part, as he explained: "There's a strong link between sports and dancing, and my own dancing springs from my early days as an athlete ... I think dancing is a man's game and if he does it well he does it better than a woman."<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Caron said that while dancing with Astaire she felt like she was floating, Kelly danced close to the ground.<sup id="cite_ref-hattenstone20210621_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hattenstone20210621-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He railed against what he saw as the widespread effeminacy in male dancing, which, in his opinion, "tragically" stigmatized the genre, alienating boys from entering the field: </p><blockquote><p>Dancing <i>does</i> attract effeminate young men. I don't object to that as long as they don't dance effeminately. I just say that if a man dances effeminately, he dances badly—just as if a woman comes out on stage and starts to sing bass. Unfortunately, people confuse gracefulness with softness. <a href="/wiki/John_Wayne" title="John Wayne">John Wayne</a> is a graceful man and so are some of the great ballplayers ... but, of course, they don't run the risk of being called sissies.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p> In his view, "one of our problems is that so much dancing is taught by women. You can spot many male dancers who have this tuition by their arm movements—they are soft, limp, and feminine."<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He acknowledged that in spite of his efforts—in TV programs such as <i>Dancing: A Man's Game</i> (1958) for example—the situation changed little over the years.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also sought to break from the class-conscious conventions of the 1930s and early 40s, when top hat and tails or tuxedos were the norm, by dancing in casual or everyday work clothes, so as to make his dancing more relevant to the cinema-going public. His first wife, actress and dancer <a href="/wiki/Betsy_Blair" title="Betsy Blair">Betsy Blair</a> said: </p><blockquote><p>A sailor suit or his white socks and loafers, or the T-shirts on his muscular torso, gave everyone the feeling that he was a regular guy, and perhaps they, too, could express love and joy by dancing in the street or stomping through puddles ... he democratized the dance in movies.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p> In particular, he wanted to create a completely different image from that associated with Fred Astaire, not least because he believed his physique did not suit such refined elegance: "I used to envy his cool, aristocratic style, so intimate and contained. Fred wears top hat and tails to the Manor born—I put them on and look like a truck driver."<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From the mid-1940s through the early 1950s, his wife Betsy Blair and he organized weekly parties at their <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Beverly Hills">Beverly Hills</a> home, and they often played an intensely competitive and physical version of <a href="/wiki/Charades" title="Charades">charades</a>, known as "The Game".<sup id="cite_ref-Blair_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blair-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His papers are housed at the <a href="/wiki/Mugar_Memorial_Library#Howard_Gotlieb_Archival_Research_Center" title="Mugar Memorial Library">Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center</a> at <a href="/wiki/Boston_University" title="Boston University">Boston University</a>. </p><p>Late in life, Kelly was awarded Irish citizenship under Ireland's Citizenship by Foreign Birth program. The application was initiated on his behalf by his wife Patricia Ward Kelly.<sup id="cite_ref-Irish_passport_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Irish_passport-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 22, 1983, the actor's Beverly Hills mansion burned down.<sup id="cite_ref-UPI_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UPI-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Faulty Christmas tree wiring was blamed. His family and pets escaped and he suffered a burned hand. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marriages">Marriages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Marriages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gene_Kelly_Allan_Warren.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gene_Kelly_Allan_Warren.jpg/220px-Gene_Kelly_Allan_Warren.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gene_Kelly_Allan_Warren.jpg/330px-Gene_Kelly_Allan_Warren.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gene_Kelly_Allan_Warren.jpg/440px-Gene_Kelly_Allan_Warren.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1639" data-file-height="2428" /></a><figcaption>Kelly, photographed by <a href="/wiki/Allan_Warren" title="Allan Warren">Allan Warren</a>, in 1986</figcaption></figure> <p>Kelly married three times. His first marriage was to actress <a href="/wiki/Betsy_Blair" title="Betsy Blair">Betsy Blair</a> in 1941. They had one child, Kerry (b. 1942), and divorced in April 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1960, Kelly married his choreographic assistant <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Coyne" title="Jeanne Coyne">Jeanne Coyne</a>, who had previously been married to Stanley Donen between 1948 and 1951. Kelly and Coyne had two children, Timothy (b. 1962) and Bridget (b. 1964). This marriage lasted until Coyne died in 1973. </p><p>Kelly married Patricia Ward in 1990 (when he was 77 and she was 30).<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their marriage lasted until his death six years later, and she has never remarried.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_and_religious_views">Political and religious views</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Political and religious views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kelly was a lifelong supporter of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a>. His period of greatest prominence coincided with the <a href="/wiki/McCarthyism" title="McCarthyism">McCarthy era</a> in the US. In 1947, he was part of the <a href="/wiki/Committee_for_the_First_Amendment" title="Committee for the First Amendment">Committee for the First Amendment</a>, the Hollywood delegation that flew to Washington to protest at the first official hearings by the <a href="/wiki/House_Committee_on_Un-American_Activities" class="mw-redirect" title="House Committee on Un-American Activities">House Committee on Un-American Activities</a>. His first wife, Betsy Blair, was suspected of being a communist sympathizer, and when <a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a>, which had offered Blair a part in <i><a href="/wiki/Marty_(film)" title="Marty (film)">Marty</a></i> (1955), were considering withdrawing her under pressure from the <a href="/wiki/American_Legion" title="American Legion">American Legion</a>, Kelly successfully threatened MGM's influence on United Artists with a pullout from <i><a href="/wiki/It%27s_Always_Fair_Weather" title="It's Always Fair Weather">It's Always Fair Weather</a></i> unless his wife was restored to the part.<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Blair_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blair-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He used his position on the board of directors of the <a href="/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America_West" title="Writers Guild of America West">Writers Guild of America West</a> on a number of occasions to mediate disputes between unions and the Hollywood studios. </p><p>He was raised as a Roman Catholic and was a member of the Good Shepherd Parish and the Catholic Motion Picture Guild in <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_California" title="Beverly Hills, California">Beverly Hills, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-goodshepherdbh_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-goodshepherdbh-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, after becoming disenchanted by the Roman Catholic Church's support for <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a> against the Second Spanish Republic during the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ipkmpz_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ipkmpz-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he officially severed his ties with the church in September 1939. This separation was prompted, in part, by a trip Kelly made to Mexico in which he became convinced that the church had failed to help the poor in that country.<sup id="cite_ref-ipkmpz_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ipkmpz-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his departure from the Catholic Church, Kelly became an agnostic, as he had previously described himself.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Illness_and_death">Illness and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Illness and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kelly's health declined steadily in the late 1980s and early 1990s. In July 1994, he suffered a stroke and stayed in <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_UCLA_Medical_Center" title="Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center">Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center</a> hospital for seven weeks. In early 1995, he had another stroke which made him severely disabled. Kelly died on February 2, 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-blair_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blair-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GeneKellyPlaqueAtPitt_crop.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/GeneKellyPlaqueAtPitt_crop.JPG/325px-GeneKellyPlaqueAtPitt_crop.JPG" decoding="async" width="325" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/GeneKellyPlaqueAtPitt_crop.JPG/488px-GeneKellyPlaqueAtPitt_crop.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/GeneKellyPlaqueAtPitt_crop.JPG/650px-GeneKellyPlaqueAtPitt_crop.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1949" data-file-height="1297" /></a><figcaption>Plaque honoring Gene Kelly at his <i>alma mater</i>, the University of Pittsburgh</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>1942 – Best Actor award from the National Board of Review for his performance in <i>For Me and My Gal</i></li> <li>1946 – <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Academy Award</a> nomination for Best Actor in <i>Anchors Aweigh</i> (1945)</li> <li>1951 – Nominated for a <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globe Award">Golden Globe Award</a> for Best Actor in a Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for <i>An American in Paris</i></li> <li>1952 – Honorary Academy Award "in appreciation of his versatility as an actor, singer, director and dancer, and specifically for his brilliant achievements in the art of choreography on film." This Oscar was lost in a fire in 1983 and replaced at the 1984 Academy Awards.</li> <li>1953 – Nomination from the Directors Guild of America, Best Director for <i>Singin' in the Rain</i>, 1952 (shared with Stanley Donen).</li> <li>1956 – <a href="/wiki/Golden_Bear" title="Golden Bear">Golden Bear</a> at the <a href="/wiki/6th_Berlin_International_Film_Festival" title="6th Berlin International Film Festival">6th Berlin International Film Festival</a> for <i>Invitation to the Dance</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Berlinale_1956_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berlinale_1956-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1958 – Nomination for Golden Laurel Award for Best Male Musical Performance in <i><a href="/wiki/Les_Girls" title="Les Girls">Les Girls</a></i>.</li> <li>1958 – <i><a href="/wiki/Dance_Magazine" title="Dance Magazine">Dance Magazine</a>'</i>s annual TV Award for <i>Dancing: A Man's Game</i> from the <i>Omnibus</i> television series. It was also nominated for an Emmy for best singing.</li> <li>1960 – In France, Kelly was made a <i>Chevalier</i> of the <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Honor" class="mw-redirect" title="Legion of Honor">Legion of Honor</a>.</li> <li>1960 - Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for motion pictures</li> <li>1962 – Gene Kelly Dance Film Festival staged by the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art</a></li> <li>1964 – <a href="/wiki/Best_Actor_Award_(Locarno_International_Film_Festival)" title="Best Actor Award (Locarno International Film Festival)">Best Actor Award</a> for <i>What a Way to Go!</i> (1964) at the <a href="/wiki/Locarno_International_Film_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Locarno International Film Festival">Locarno International Film Festival</a></li> <li>1967 – Emmy for Outstanding Children's Program for <i><a href="/wiki/Jack_and_the_Beanstalk_(1967_film)" title="Jack and the Beanstalk (1967 film)">Jack and the Beanstalk</a></i></li> <li>1970 – Nomination for Golden Globe, Best Director for <i>Hello, Dolly!</i>, 1969</li> <li>1970 – Nomination from the Directors Guild of America, Best Director for <i>Hello, Dolly!</i>, 1969</li> <li>1981 – <a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Cecil B. DeMille Award">Cecil B. DeMille Award</a> at <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globes" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globes">Golden Globes</a></li> <li>1981 – Kelly was the subject of a 2-week film festival in France</li> <li>1982 – Lifetime Achievement Award in the fifth annual <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Kennedy Center Honors</a></li> <li>1985 – Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Film Institute</li> <li>1989 – Life Achievement Award from Screen Actors Guild</li> <li>1991 – <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Civic_Light_Opera" title="Pittsburgh Civic Light Opera">Pittsburgh Civic Light Opera</a> inaugurated the Gene Kelly Awards, given annually to high-school musicals in <a href="/wiki/Allegheny_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Allegheny County, Pennsylvania">Allegheny County, Pennsylvania</a>.</li> <li>1992 – Induction into the <a href="/wiki/American_Theater_Hall_of_Fame" title="American Theater Hall of Fame">American Theater Hall of Fame</a></li> <li>1994 – <a href="/wiki/National_Medal_of_Arts" title="National Medal of Arts">National Medal of Arts</a> awarded by United States President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1994 – The <a href="/wiki/Three_Tenors" class="mw-redirect" title="Three Tenors">Three Tenors</a> performed "Singin' in the Rain" in his presence during a concert at <a href="/wiki/Dodger_Stadium" title="Dodger Stadium">Dodger Stadium</a> in Los Angeles.</li> <li>1996 – Honorary <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="César Award">César Award</a>, the César is the main national film award in France.</li> <li>1996 – At the Academy Awards ceremony, director <a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a> organized a tribute to the just-deceased Kelly, in which <a href="/wiki/Savion_Glover" title="Savion Glover">Savion Glover</a> performed the dance to "Singin' in the Rain".</li> <li>1997 – Ranked number 26 in <i><a href="/wiki/Empire_(film_magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Empire (film magazine)">Empire</a></i> (UK) magazine's "The Top 100 Movie Stars of All Time" list</li> <li>1999 – Ranked number 15 in the American Film Institute's "Greatest Male Legends" of Classic Hollywood list</li> <li>2013 – "Singin' in the Rain" ranked number one in "The Nation's Favorite Dance Moment".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="clarification needed on which institution/publication this refers to (March 2019)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Work">Work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 104px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 102px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:On_the_Town_(1949_poster)_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="On the Town (1949)"><img alt="On the Town (1949)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/On_the_Town_%281949_poster%29_crop.jpg/153px-On_the_Town_%281949_poster%29_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="102" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/On_the_Town_%281949_poster%29_crop.jpg/230px-On_the_Town_%281949_poster%29_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/On_the_Town_%281949_poster%29_crop.jpg/307px-On_the_Town_%281949_poster%29_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1744" data-file-height="2729" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Town_(film)" title="On the Town (film)">On the Town</a></i> (1949)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 108.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 106.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:An_American_in_Paris_(1951_film_poster).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="An American in Paris (1951)"><img alt="An American in Paris (1951)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/An_American_in_Paris_%281951_film_poster%29.jpg/160px-An_American_in_Paris_%281951_film_poster%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/An_American_in_Paris_%281951_film_poster%29.jpg/240px-An_American_in_Paris_%281951_film_poster%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/An_American_in_Paris_%281951_film_poster%29.jpg/319px-An_American_in_Paris_%281951_film_poster%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1956" data-file-height="2938" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/An_American_in_Paris_(film)" title="An American in Paris (film)">An American in Paris</a></i> (1951)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 107.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 105.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Singin%27_in_the_Rain_(1952_poster).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Singin' in the Rain (1952)"><img alt="Singin' in the Rain (1952)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Singin%27_in_the_Rain_%281952_poster%29.jpg/158px-Singin%27_in_the_Rain_%281952_poster%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="106" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Singin%27_in_the_Rain_%281952_poster%29.jpg/237px-Singin%27_in_the_Rain_%281952_poster%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Singin%27_in_the_Rain_%281952_poster%29.jpg/317px-Singin%27_in_the_Rain_%281952_poster%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1937" data-file-height="2936" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Singin%27_in_the_Rain" title="Singin' in the Rain">Singin' in the Rain</a></i> (1952)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musical_films">Musical films</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Musical films"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gene_Kelly_filmography" title="Gene Kelly filmography">Gene Kelly filmography</a></div> <p>Kelly appeared as actor, singer and dancer in musical films. He always choreographed his own dance routines and often the dance routines of others and used assistants. As was the practice at the time, he was rarely formally credited in the film titles.<sup id="cite_ref-Billman_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Billman-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theatre">Theatre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Theatre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable unsortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date </th> <th>Production </th> <th>Role </th> <th>Venue </th></tr> <tr> <td>1938–1939 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Leave_It_to_Me!" title="Leave It to Me!">Leave It to Me!</a></i> </td> <td>Secretary to Mr. Goodhue <br /> Chorus </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Theatre" title="Imperial Theatre">Imperial Theatre</a>, Broadway </td></tr> <tr> <td>1939 </td> <td><i>One for the Money</i> </td> <td>Ensemble </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Booth_Theatre" title="Booth Theatre">Booth Theatre</a>, Broadway </td></tr> <tr> <td>1939–1940 </td> <td><i>The Time of Your Life</i> </td> <td>Performer – Harry <br /> Choreographer </td></tr> <tr> <td>1940–1941 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Pal_Joey_(musical)" title="Pal Joey (musical)">Pal Joey</a></i> </td> <td>Performer – Joey Evans </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Barrymore_Theatre" title="Ethel Barrymore Theatre">Ethel Barrymore Theatre</a>, Broadway <br /> <a href="/wiki/St._James_Theatre" title="St. James Theatre">St. James Theatre</a>, Broadway </td></tr> <tr> <td>1941–1942 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Best_Foot_Forward_(musical)" title="Best Foot Forward (musical)">Best Foot Forward</a></i> </td> <td>Choreography </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Barrymore_Theatre" title="Ethel Barrymore Theatre">Ethel Barrymore Theatre</a>, Broadway </td></tr> <tr> <td>1958–1960 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Flower_Drum_Song" title="Flower Drum Song">Flower Drum Song</a></i> </td> <td>Director </td> <td><a href="/wiki/St._James_Theatre" title="St. James Theatre">St. James Theatre</a>, Broadway </td></tr> <tr> <td>1974 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Take_Me_Along" title="Take Me Along">Take Me Along</a></i> </td> <td>Performer – Sid Davis </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Muny" title="The Muny">The Muny</a>, Regional<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1979 </td> <td><i>Coquelico</i> </td> <td>Producer </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Latin_Quarter_(nightclub)" title="Latin Quarter (nightclub)">22 Steps</a>, New York </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985–1986 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Singin%27_in_the_Rain" title="Singin' in the Rain">Singin' in the Rain</a></i> </td> <td>Original film choreography </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gershwin_Theatre" title="Gershwin Theatre">Gershwin Theatre</a>, Broadway </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable unsortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Title </th> <th>Role </th> <th class="unsortable">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>1957 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Schlitz_Playhouse_of_Stars" title="Schlitz Playhouse of Stars">Schlitz Playhouse of Stars</a></i> </td> <td>Tom T. Triplet </td> <td>Episode: "<a href="/wiki/A_Good_Man_Is_Hard_to_Find_and_Other_Stories#Adaptations" title="A Good Man Is Hard to Find and Other Stories">The Life You Save</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1958 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Omnibus_(American_TV_program)" title="Omnibus (American TV program)">Omnibus</a></i> </td> <td>Himself </td> <td>Episode: "Dancing: A Man's Game" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1962–1963 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Going_My_Way_(TV_series)" title="Going My Way (TV series)">Going My Way</a></i> </td> <td>Father Chuck O'Malley </td> <td>30 episodes </td></tr> <tr> <td>1965 </td> <td><i>Gene Kelly: New York, New York</i> </td> <td>Himself </td> <td>Directed by <a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1965 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Julie_Andrews_Show" title="The Julie Andrews Show">The Julie Andrews Show</a></i> </td> <td>Himself </td> <td>Television special </td></tr> <tr> <td>1967 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Jack_and_the_Beanstalk_(1967_film)" title="Jack and the Beanstalk (1967 film)">Jack and the Beanstalk</a></i> </td> <td>Jeremy Keen, Proprietor (Peddler) </td> <td>Television movie </td></tr> <tr> <td>1971 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Funny_Side" title="The Funny Side">The Funny Side</a></i> </td> <td>Himself (host) </td> <td>6 episodes </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Magnavox_Presents_Frank_Sinatra" title="Magnavox Presents Frank Sinatra">Magnavox Presents Frank Sinatra</a></i> </td> <td>Himself </td> <td>Television special </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973-1978 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dean_Martin_Celebrity_Roast" title="The Dean Martin Celebrity Roast">The Dean Martin Celebrity Roast</a></i> </td> <td>Himself </td> <td>8 episodes </td></tr> <tr> <td>1977 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Yabba_Dabba_Doo!_The_Happy_World_of_Hanna-Barbera" title="Yabba Dabba Doo! The Happy World of Hanna-Barbera">Yabba Dabba Doo! The Happy World of Hanna-Barbera</a></i> </td> <td>Himself (host) </td> <td>Television special </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978 </td> <td><i>Gene Kelly: An American in Pasadena</i> </td> <td>Himself </td> <td>Television special </td></tr> <tr> <td>1979 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mary_Tyler_Moore_Hour" title="The Mary Tyler Moore Hour">The Mary Tyler Moore Hour</a></i> </td> <td>Himself (guest) </td> <td>Episode: #1.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Muppet_Show" title="The Muppet Show">The Muppet Show</a></i> </td> <td>Himself </td> <td>Episode: "Gene Kelly" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1984 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Love_Boat" title="The Love Boat">The Love Boat</a></i> </td> <td>Charles Dane </td> <td>Episode: "Hong Kong Cruise: Polly's Poker Palace/Shop Ahoy/Double Date/The Hong Kong Affair/Two Tails of a City" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/North_and_South_(miniseries)" title="North and South (miniseries)">North and South</a></i> </td> <td>Senator Charles Edwards </td> <td>Miniseries </td></tr> <tr> <td>1986 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Sins_(miniseries)" title="Sins (miniseries)">Sins</a></i> </td> <td>Eric Hovland </td> <td>Miniseries </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Documentaries">Documentaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Documentaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1999 – <i>Anatomy of a Dancer</i>, directed by Robert Trachtenberg, PBS, 2002</li> <li>2013 – <i>Gene Kelly, to Live and Dance</i>, by Bertrand Tessier, France 5, 2017</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Program</th> <th>Episode</th> <th>Ref </th></tr> <tr> <td>1943</td> <td><i>Suspense Mystery Radio Play</i></td> <td><i>Thieves Fall Out</i></td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1946</td> <td><i>Hollywood Players</i></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Glass_Key_(1942_film)" title="The Glass Key (1942 film)">The Glass Key</a></i></td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1949</td> <td><i>Suspense Mystery Radio Play</i></td> <td><i>To Find Help</i></td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rteco-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rteco_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRTÉ_Publishing" class="citation web cs1">RTÉ Publishing. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140729155151/http://m.rte.ie/ten/2013/0426/rteco.html">"Gene Kelly was proud of Irish roots – RTÉ Ten"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89.ie" title="RTÉ.ie">RTÉ.ie</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.rte.ie/ten/2013/0426/rteco.html">the original</a> on July 29, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 27,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RT%C3%89.ie&rft.atitle=Gene+Kelly+was+proud+of+Irish+roots+%E2%80%93+RT%C3%89+Ten&rft.au=RT%C3%89+Publishing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fm.rte.ie%2Ften%2F2013%2F0426%2Frteco.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGenné2013" class="citation book cs1">Genné, Beth (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=meKNAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA71">"Dancin' in the Rain: Gene Kelly's Musical Films"</a>. In Mitoma, Judy; Elizabeth, Zimmer (eds.). <i>Envisioning Dance on Film and Video</i>. Routledge. pp. 71–77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135376444" title="Special:BookSources/9781135376444"><bdi>9781135376444</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230408064533/https://books.google.com/books?id=meKNAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA71">Archived</a> from the original on April 8, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 4,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dancin%27+in+the+Rain%3A+Gene+Kelly%27s+Musical+Films&rft.btitle=Envisioning+Dance+on+Film+and+Video&rft.pages=71-77&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781135376444&rft.aulast=Genn%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Beth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmeKNAQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA71&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGenné2017" class="citation book cs1">Genné, Beth (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AAYqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA190">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Dancin' in the street': Street dancing on film and video from Fred Astaire to Michael Jackson"</a>. In Nicholas, Larraine; Morris, Geraldine (eds.). <i>Rethinking Dance History: Issues and Methodologies</i>. <a href="/wiki/Taylor_%26_Francis" title="Taylor & Francis">Taylor & Francis</a>. pp. 186–196. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781134827633" title="Special:BookSources/9781134827633"><bdi>9781134827633</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230409023116/https://books.google.com/books?id=AAYqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA190">Archived</a> from the original on April 9, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%27Dancin%27+in+the+street%27%3A+Street+dancing+on+film+and+video+from+Fred+Astaire+to+Michael+Jackson&rft.btitle=Rethinking+Dance+History%3A+Issues+and+Methodologies&rft.pages=186-196&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781134827633&rft.aulast=Genn%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Beth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAAYqDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DiLeo2002-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DiLeo2002_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiLeo2002" class="citation book cs1">DiLeo, John (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=z_Cbnzlr1ucC&pg=PA225"><i>100 Great Film Performances You Should Remember, But Probably Don't</i></a>. Limelight Editions. p. 225. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87910-972-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87910-972-1"><bdi>978-0-87910-972-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230414030729/https://books.google.com/books?id=z_Cbnzlr1ucC&pg=PA225">Archived</a> from the original on April 14, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=100+Great+Film+Performances+You+Should+Remember%2C+But+Probably+Don%27t&rft.pages=225&rft.pub=Limelight+Editions&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-87910-972-1&rft.aulast=DiLeo&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dz_Cbnzlr1ucC%26pg%3DPA225&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digitaldreamdoor.com/pages/movie-pages/movie_musicals.php">"100 Greatest Film Musicals"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121017085638/http://www.digitaldreamdoor.com/pages/movie-pages/movie_musicals.php">Archived</a> from the original on October 17, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=100+Greatest+Film+Musicals&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitaldreamdoor.com%2Fpages%2Fmovie-pages%2Fmovie_musicals.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160221130312/http://www.ranthollywood.com/2014/12/24/best-movie-musicals-of-all-time/">"The Best Movie Musicals of All Time"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ranthollywood.com/2014/12/24/best-movie-musicals-of-all-time/">the original</a> on February 21, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Best+Movie+Musicals+of+All+Time&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ranthollywood.com%2F2014%2F12%2F24%2Fbest-movie-musicals-of-all-time%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160206232128/http://www.onstageblog.com/columns/2015/8/9/the-top-100-greatest-movie-musicals-of-all-time">"The Top 100 Greatest Movie Musicals of All Time"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.onstageblog.com/columns/2015/8/9/the-top-100-greatest-movie-musicals-of-all-time/">the original</a> on February 6, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Top+100+Greatest+Movie+Musicals+of+All+Time&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onstageblog.com%2Fcolumns%2F2015%2F8%2F9%2Fthe-top-100-greatest-movie-musicals-of-all-time%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oscars1970-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Oscars1970_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1970">"The 42nd Academy Awards (1970) Nominees and Winners"</a>. <i>oscars.org</i>. October 4, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402002922/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1970">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=oscars.org&rft.atitle=The+42nd+Academy+Awards+%281970%29+Nominees+and+Winners&rft.date=2014-10-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oscars.org%2Foscars%2Fceremonies%2F1970&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NY_Times-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NY_Times_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/22113/Hello-Dolly-/Awards">"Hello, Dolly!"</a>. Movies & TV Dept. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hello%2C+Dolly%21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmovies.nytimes.com%2Fmovie%2F22113%2FHello-Dolly-%2FAwards&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2016">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Billman-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Billman_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Billman_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Billman_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Billman_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Billman_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBillman1997" class="citation book cs1">Billman, Larry (1997). <i>Film Choreographers and Dance Directors</i>. North Carolina: McFarland and Company. pp. 374–376. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89950-868-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-89950-868-5"><bdi>0-89950-868-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Film+Choreographers+and+Dance+Directors&rft.place=North+Carolina&rft.pages=374-376&rft.pub=McFarland+and+Company&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-89950-868-5&rft.aulast=Billman&rft.aufirst=Larry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yudu-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-yudu_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.yudu.com/Library/A1saux/HeritageGazetteVol12/resources/8.htm">"Heritage Gazette Vol. 12 no. 1: Entertainment and Recreation"</a>. content.yudu.com. May 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235136/http://content.yudu.com/Library/A1saux/HeritageGazetteVol12/resources/8.htm">Archived</a> from the original on March 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 27,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heritage+Gazette+Vol.+12+no.+1%3A+Entertainment+and+Recreation&rft.pub=content.yudu.com&rft.date=2007-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.yudu.com%2FLibrary%2FA1saux%2FHeritageGazetteVol12%2Fresources%2F8.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHirschhorn,_C.1975" class="citation book cs1">Hirschhorn, C. (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d3wdAQAAIAAJ"><i>Gene Kelly: A Biography</i></a>. Regnery. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0809282609" title="Special:BookSources/978-0809282609"><bdi>978-0809282609</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 27,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gene+Kelly%3A+A+Biography&rft.pub=Regnery&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0809282609&rft.au=Hirschhorn%2C+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dd3wdAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas1991" class="citation book cs1">Thomas, Tony (1991). <i>The Films of Gene Kelly – Song and Dance Man</i>. New York: Carol Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8065-0543-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8065-0543-5"><bdi>0-8065-0543-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Films+of+Gene+Kelly+%E2%80%93+Song+and+Dance+Man&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Carol+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-8065-0543-5&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Tony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-post-gazette-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-post-gazette_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.post-gazette.com/ae/20030709rawson0709p5.asp">"On Stage: Kate Hepburn, Richard Rauh and old Nixon"</a>. old.post-gazette.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141025144931/http://old.post-gazette.com/ae/20030709rawson0709p5.asp">Archived</a> from the original on October 25, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 27,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+Stage%3A+Kate+Hepburn%2C+Richard+Rauh+and+old+Nixon&rft.pub=old.post-gazette.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fold.post-gazette.com%2Fae%2F20030709rawson0709p5.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-straphaelelementaryschool-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-straphaelelementaryschool_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141008220742/http://straphaelelementaryschool.net/alumni.html">"St Raphael Elementary School"</a>. straphaelelementaryschool.net. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.straphaelelementaryschool.net/alumni.html">the original</a> on October 8, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 27,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St+Raphael+Elementary+School&rft.pub=straphaelelementaryschool.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.straphaelelementaryschool.net%2Falumni.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hirschhorn-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschhorn_16-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHirschhorn1984" class="citation book cs1">Hirschhorn, Clive (1984). <i>Gene Kelly – a Biography</i>. London: W.H. Allen. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-491-03182-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-491-03182-3"><bdi>0-491-03182-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gene+Kelly+%E2%80%93+a+Biography&rft.place=London&rft.pub=W.H.+Allen&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-491-03182-3&rft.aulast=Hirschhorn&rft.aufirst=Clive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120922085929/http://digital.library.pitt.edu/cgi-bin/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=pittyearbooks%3Bidno%3D1933e49702%3Bview%3Dimage%3Bseq%3D0163"><i>The Owl</i></a>. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh. 1933. p. 158. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.library.pitt.edu/cgi-bin/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=pittyearbooks;idno=1933e49702;view=image;seq=0163">the original</a> on September 22, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Owl&rft.place=Pittsburgh%2C+PA&rft.pages=158&rft.pub=University+of+Pittsburgh&rft.date=1933&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigital.library.pitt.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Ft%2Ftext%2Fpageviewer-idx%3Fc%3Dpittyearbooks%3Bidno%3D1933e49702%3Bview%3Dimage%3Bseq%3D0163&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120922090018/http://digital.library.pitt.edu/cgi-bin/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=pittyearbooks%3Bidno%3D1938e49702%3Bview%3Dimage%3Bseq%3D203"><i>The Owl</i></a>. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh. 1938. p. 198. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.library.pitt.edu/cgi-bin/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=pittyearbooks;idno=1938e49702;view=image;seq=203">the original</a> on September 22, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Owl&rft.place=Pittsburgh%2C+PA&rft.pages=198&rft.pub=University+of+Pittsburgh&rft.date=1938&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigital.library.pitt.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Ft%2Ftext%2Fpageviewer-idx%3Fc%3Dpittyearbooks%3Bidno%3D1938e49702%3Bview%3Dimage%3Bseq%3D203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">cf. Hirschhorn, p. 33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1940 US Census via Ancestry.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeinraub1996" class="citation web cs1">Weinraub, Bernard (February 8, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/08/movies/the-man-who-helped-kelly-put-his-best-foot-forward.html">"The Man Who Helped Kelly Put His Best Foot Forward"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191031154445/https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/08/movies/the-man-who-helped-kelly-put-his-best-foot-forward.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 31,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Man+Who+Helped+Kelly+Put+His+Best+Foot+Forward&rft.date=1996-02-08&rft.aulast=Weinraub&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1996%2F02%2F08%2Fmovies%2Fthe-man-who-helped-kelly-put-his-best-foot-forward.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hess-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hess_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHessDabholkar2009" class="citation book cs1">Hess, Earl J.; Dabholkar, Pratibha A. (2009). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780700616565/page/33"><i>Singin' in the Rain: The Making of an American Masterpiece</i></a></span>. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780700616565/page/33">[1]</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-1656-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-1656-5"><bdi>978-0-7006-1656-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Singin%27+in+the+Rain%3A+The+Making+of+an+American+Masterpiece&rft.place=Lawrence&rft.pages=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780700616565%2Fpage%2F33&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kansas&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-7006-1656-5&rft.aulast=Hess&rft.aufirst=Earl+J.&rft.au=Dabholkar%2C+Pratibha+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780700616565%2Fpage%2F33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Farber, Manny, <i>The New Republic</i>, May 15, 1944, as reprinted in <i>Farber on Film</i>, Library of America, 2009, p. 163</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Manny_Farber" title="Manny Farber">Farber, Manny</a> (April 27, 1945) <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Republic" title="The New Republic">The New Republic</a></i>, republished in <i>Farber on Film</i> (2009) Library of America. p. 255</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110322865/gene-kelly-made-1a-on-presidents-order/">"Gene Kelly Made 1A on President's Order"</a>. <i>Star Tribune</i>. United Press. October 14, 1944. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220928000535/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110322865/gene-kelly-made-1a-on-presidents-order/">Archived</a> from the original on September 28, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2022</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Star+Tribune&rft.atitle=Gene+Kelly+Made+1A+on+President%27s+Order&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1944-10-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F110322865%2Fgene-kelly-made-1a-on-presidents-order%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110322272/gene-kelly-1-a/">"Gene Kelly 1-A"</a>. <i>The Greenville News</i>. International News Service. October 15, 1944. p. 2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220927235927/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110322272/gene-kelly-1-a/">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2022</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Greenville+News&rft.atitle=Gene+Kelly+1-A&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1944-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F110322272%2Fgene-kelly-1-a%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1944/11/21/archives/gene-kelly-is-inducted.html">"Gene Kelly Is Inducted"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. November 21, 1944. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220927233821/https://www.nytimes.com/1944/11/21/archives/gene-kelly-is-inducted.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Gene+Kelly+Is+Inducted&rft.date=1944-11-21&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1944%2F11%2F21%2Farchives%2Fgene-kelly-is-inducted.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110321872/gene-kelly-drafted/">"Gene Kelly Drafted"</a>. <i>The Tennessean</i>. Associated Press. November 16, 1944. p. 11. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220927234751/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110321872/gene-kelly-drafted/">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2022</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tennessean&rft.atitle=Gene+Kelly+Drafted&rft.pages=11&rft.date=1944-11-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F110321872%2Fgene-kelly-drafted%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to Blair, p. 111, he directed <a href="/wiki/Jocelyn_Brando" title="Jocelyn Brando">Jocelyn Brando</a> in a semidocumentary about war-wounded veterans.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110408514/gene-kelly-makes-it-clear-hes-a/">"Gene Kelly Makes It Clear He's a Serious Young Fellow"</a>. <i>The Brooklyn Daily Eagle</i>. May 5, 1946. p. 27. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220929163317/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110408514/gene-kelly-makes-it-clear-hes-a/">Archived</a> from the original on September 29, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 29,</span> 2022</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Brooklyn+Daily+Eagle&rft.atitle=Gene+Kelly+Makes+It+Clear+He%27s+a+Serious+Young+Fellow&rft.pages=27&rft.date=1946-05-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F110408514%2Fgene-kelly-makes-it-clear-hes-a%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Astaire-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Astaire_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAstaire1959" class="citation book cs1">Astaire, Fred (1959). <i>Steps in Time</i>. London: Heinemann. p. 291. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-241-11749-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-241-11749-6"><bdi>0-241-11749-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Steps+in+Time&rft.place=London&rft.pages=291&rft.pub=Heinemann&rft.date=1959&rft.isbn=0-241-11749-6&rft.aulast=Astaire&rft.aufirst=Fred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Blair, p. 104: "Gene was the central creative force in this initial collaboration, but he was always generous about Stanley's contribution ... Unfortunately, and mysteriously for me, Stanley, over the years, had been less than gracious about Gene."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In an episode foreshadowing his later conflicts with the studio, <a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> in the late 1940s offered Kelly the role of Biff in <i><a href="/wiki/Death_of_a_Salesman" title="Death of a Salesman">Death of a Salesman</a></i> on Broadway, but MGM refused to release him. cf. Blair, p. 112</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wsj-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wsj_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEyman2015" class="citation news cs1">Eyman, Scott (February 27, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/book-review-the-sound-of-music-story-by-tom-santopietro-1425069491">"Book Review: 'The Sound of Music Story' by Tom Santopietro"</a>. <i>The Wall Street Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150527160652/http://www.wsj.com/articles/book-review-the-sound-of-music-story-by-tom-santopietro-1425069491">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Book+Review%3A+%27The+Sound+of+Music+Story%27+by+Tom+Santopietro&rft.date=2015-02-27&rft.aulast=Eyman&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fbook-review-the-sound-of-music-story-by-tom-santopietro-1425069491&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.woodyallenpages.com/2014/08/votw-woody-allen-on-gene-kelly-1966-tv-special">"Woody Allen On Gene Kelly 1966 TV Special"</a>. <i>Woody Allen pages</i>. August 10, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200613124128/http://www.woodyallenpages.com/2014/08/votw-woody-allen-on-gene-kelly-1966-tv-special/">Archived</a> from the original on June 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Woody+Allen+pages&rft.atitle=Woody+Allen+On+Gene+Kelly+1966+TV+Special&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.woodyallenpages.com%2F2014%2F08%2Fvotw-woody-allen-on-gene-kelly-1966-tv-special&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cinema.ucla.edu/events/2011-03-26/gene-kelly-television">"Gene Kelly on Television"</a>. <i>UCLA.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200614045648/https://www.cinema.ucla.edu/events/2011-03-26/gene-kelly-television">Archived</a> from the original on June 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UCLA.edu&rft.atitle=Gene+Kelly+on+Television&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cinema.ucla.edu%2Fevents%2F2011-03-26%2Fgene-kelly-television&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cinema.ucla.edu/events/2011-03-26/gene-kelly-television">"Gene Kelly Television"</a>. <i>UCLA.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200614045648/https://www.cinema.ucla.edu/events/2011-03-26/gene-kelly-television">Archived</a> from the original on June 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UCLA.edu&rft.atitle=Gene+Kelly+Television&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cinema.ucla.edu%2Fevents%2F2011-03-26%2Fgene-kelly-television&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Delamater-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Delamater_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Delamater_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Delamater_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Delamater_38-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Delamater_38-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDelamater2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Delamater, Jerome (2004). "Gene Kelly". <i>International Encyclopedia of Dance</i>. Vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 38–40.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Gene+Kelly&rft.btitle=International+Encyclopedia+of+Dance&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=38-40&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Delamater&rft.aufirst=Jerome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">cf. Hirschhorn, pp. 25, 26: "What impressed Gene was the originality of the man's [Dotson's] dancing, as it was quite unlike anything he had seen before. The tricks Dotson was doing were absolutely fresh. He went back to see that act a few times and admitted pinching several steps for his own use ... Just as he had done with Dotson, Gene made up his mind to 'steal' as much as he could from numerous touring shows ... both Fred and he were absolutely shameless when it came to pilfering, and very good at it."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hattenstone20210621-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hattenstone20210621_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHattenstone2021" class="citation news cs1">Hattenstone, Simon (June 21, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2021/jun/21/i-am-very-shy-its-amazing-i-became-a-movie-star-leslie-caron-at-90-on-love-art-and-addiction">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'I am very shy. It's amazing I became a movie star': Leslie Caron at 90 on love, art and addiction"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210621204949/http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2021/jun/21/i-am-very-shy-its-amazing-i-became-a-movie-star-leslie-caron-at-90-on-love-art-and-addiction">Archived</a> from the original on June 21, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=%27I+am+very+shy.+It%27s+amazing+I+became+a+movie+star%27%3A+Leslie+Caron+at+90+on+love%2C+art+and+addiction&rft.date=2021-06-21&rft.aulast=Hattenstone&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2F2021%2Fjun%2F21%2Fi-am-very-shy-its-amazing-i-became-a-movie-star-leslie-caron-at-90-on-love-art-and-addiction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Blair, p. 176</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blair-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Blair_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Blair_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlair2004" class="citation book cs1">Blair, Betsy (2004). <i>The Memory of All That</i>. London: Elliott & Thompson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-904027-30-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-904027-30-X"><bdi>1-904027-30-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Memory+of+All+That&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Elliott+%26+Thompson&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-904027-30-X&rft.aulast=Blair&rft.aufirst=Betsy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Irish_passport-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Irish_passport_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelly2013" class="citation news cs1">Kelly, Patricia Ward (April 21, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.ie/lifestyle/my-genealogy-29209249.html">"My Genealogy"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Irish_Independent" class="mw-redirect" title="The Irish Independent">The Irish Independent</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160224073543/http://www.independent.ie/lifestyle/my-genealogy-29209249.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 24, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Independent&rft.atitle=My+Genealogy&rft.date=2013-04-21&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Patricia+Ward&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.ie%2Flifestyle%2Fmy-genealogy-29209249.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UPI-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UPI_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upi.com/Archives/1983/12/22/Oscar-winning-actor-Gene-Kellys-mansion-was-destroyed-early-Thursday/8039440917200/">"Oscar-winning actor Gene Kelly's mansion was destroyed early Thursday"</a>. <i>United Press International</i>. December 22, 1983. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210202120928/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1983/12/22/Oscar-winning-actor-Gene-Kellys-mansion-was-destroyed-early-Thursday/8039440917200/">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+Press+International&rft.atitle=Oscar-winning+actor+Gene+Kelly%27s+mansion+was+destroyed+early+Thursday&rft.date=1983-12-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FArchives%2F1983%2F12%2F22%2FOscar-winning-actor-Gene-Kellys-mansion-was-destroyed-early-Thursday%2F8039440917200%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=2gcjAAAAIBAJ&pg=979,473011">"Marriage Ends For Gene Kelly, Actress Wife"</a>. <i>Palm Beach Post</i>. April 4, 1957. p. 10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 7,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Palm+Beach+Post&rft.atitle=Marriage+Ends+For+Gene+Kelly%2C+Actress+Wife&rft.pages=10&rft.date=1957-04-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D2gcjAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D979%2C473011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2021">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/married-to-gene-kelly-he-didn-t-seem-that-old-to-me-1.3950371">"Married to Gene Kelly: 'He didn't seem that old to me'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Irish Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190723023145/https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/married-to-gene-kelly-he-didn-t-seem-that-old-to-me-1.3950371">Archived</a> from the original on July 23, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Irish+Times&rft.atitle=Married+to+Gene+Kelly%3A+%27He+didn%27t+seem+that+old+to+me%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Flife-and-style%2Fmarried-to-gene-kelly-he-didn-t-seem-that-old-to-me-1.3950371&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrebs1996" class="citation news cs1">Krebs, Albin (February 3, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/03/movies/gene-kelly-dancer-of-vigor-and-grace-dies.html">"Gene Kelly, Dancer of Vigor and Grace, Dies"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. 5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101215012129/http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/03/movies/gene-kelly-dancer-of-vigor-and-grace-dies.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 15, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 7,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Gene+Kelly%2C+Dancer+of+Vigor+and+Grace%2C+Dies&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1996-02-03&rft.aulast=Krebs&rft.aufirst=Albin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1996%2F02%2F03%2Fmovies%2Fgene-kelly-dancer-of-vigor-and-grace-dies.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-goodshepherdbh-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-goodshepherdbh_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.goodshepherdbh.org/a-city-on-a-hill/our-history/">"Our History | Church of the Good Shepherd"</a>. goodshepherdbh.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180102204124/http://www.goodshepherdbh.org/a-city-on-a-hill/our-history/">Archived</a> from the original on January 2, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+History+%26%23124%3B+Church+of+the+Good+Shepherd&rft.pub=goodshepherdbh.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.goodshepherdbh.org%2Fa-city-on-a-hill%2Four-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ipkmpz-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ipkmpz_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ipkmpz_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120119075803/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0MKY/is_10_29/ai_n13807354/">"Gene Kelly: cultural icon"</a>. <i>Catholic New Times</i>. 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0MKY/is_10_29/ai_n13807354/">the original</a> on January 19, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Catholic+New+Times&rft.atitle=Gene+Kelly%3A+cultural+icon&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffindarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_m0MKY%2Fis_10_29%2Fai_n13807354%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yudkoff, Alvin <i>Gene Kelly: A Life of Dance and Dreams</i>, Watson-Guptill Publications: New York, NY (1999) pp. 42, 59</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-blair-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-blair_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">cf. Blair, p. 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Berlinale_1956-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Berlinale_1956_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131015120526/http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1956/03_preistr_ger_1956/03_Preistraeger_1956.html">"6th Berlin International Film Festival: Prize Winners"</a>. <i>berlinale.de</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1956/03_preistr_ger_1956/03_Preistraeger_1956.html">the original</a> on October 15, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=berlinale.de&rft.atitle=6th+Berlin+International+Film+Festival%3A+Prize+Winners&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.berlinale.de%2Fen%2Farchiv%2Fjahresarchive%2F1956%2F03_preistr_ger_1956%2F03_Preistraeger_1956.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721054307/http://www.nea.gov/honors/medals/medalists_year.html">"National Medal of Arts"</a>. <i>www.nea.gov</i>. National Endowment for the Arts. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nea.gov/honors/medals/medalists_year.html">the original</a> on July 21, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 23,</span> 2011</span>. <q>1994-Gene Kelly – dancer, singer, actor.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nea.gov&rft.atitle=National+Medal+of+Arts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nea.gov%2Fhonors%2Fmedals%2Fmedalists_year.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span> One website, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.movietreasures.com/Gene_Kelly/gene_kelly.html"><i>Movie Treasures</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714121950/http://www.movietreasures.com/Gene_Kelly/gene_kelly.html">Archived</a> July 14, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, refers to this award as the "National Medal of Freedom" causing some people to mistake the award for the entirely unrelated "Presidential Medal of Freedom." The award Gene Kelly received was the National Medal of the Arts. Kelly's name does not appear on the list of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/reference/two_column_table/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_Recipients.htm"><i>Presidential Medal of Freedom Winners</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040714130038/http://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/reference/two_column_table/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_Recipients.htm">Archived</a> July 14, 2004, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Warga, Wayne. "Gene Kelly ready once more to put on his dancing shoes," <i>The Boston Globes</i> May 23, 1974.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/97589847/pittsburgh-sun-telegraph/">"Here Comes Kelly! Back to Our City, Natch"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220314053705/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/97589847/pittsburgh-sun-telegraph/">Archived</a> March 14, 2022, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>Pittsburgh Sun-Telegraph</i>. February 24, 1957. p. 37. Retrieved March 14, 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Blackstone Audio "Suspense" vol. 2 issued 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3213136/harrisburg_telegraph/">"Gene Kelly Joins Hollywood Players in "Glass Key"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Harrisburg Telegraph</i>. Harrisburg Telegraph. November 23, 1946. p. 19. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160818085804/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3213136/harrisburg_telegraph/">Archived</a> from the original on August 18, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Harrisburg+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Gene+Kelly+Joins+Hollywood+Players+in+%22Glass+Key%22&rft.pages=19&rft.date=1946-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F3213136%2Fharrisburg_telegraph%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGene+Kelly" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.escape-suspense.com/2007/05/suspense_to_fin.html">"Suspense – To Find Help"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170202035130/http://www.escape-suspense.com/2007/05/suspense_to_fin.html">Archived</a> February 2, 2017, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Escape and Suspense</i>. <i>To Find Help</i> starring Gene Kelly, <a href="/wiki/Ethel_Barrymore" title="Ethel Barrymore">Ethel Barrymore</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Conrad" title="William Conrad">William Conrad</a>, aired on January 6, 1949. It was adapted from <a href="/wiki/Mel_Dinelli" title="Mel Dinelli">Mel Dinelli</a>'s stage play <i>The Man</i> and from the film <i><a href="/wiki/Beware,_My_Lovely" title="Beware, My Lovely">Beware, My Lovely</a></i> (1952) starring <a href="/wiki/Ida_Lupino" title="Ida Lupino">Ida Lupino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Ryan" title="Robert Ryan">Robert Ryan</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Wise, James. <i>Stars in Blue: Movie Actors in America's Sea Services</i>. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1997. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1557509379" title="Special:BookSources/1557509379">1557509379</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36824724">36824724</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media 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/></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gene_Kelly" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Gene Kelly">Gene Kelly</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Gene_Kelly" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Gene Kelly">Gene Kelly</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000037/">Gene Kelly</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/100306%7C57646/wp">Gene Kelly</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">TCM Movie Database</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73089#P3056" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/15285">Gene Kelly</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database" title="Internet Broadway Database">Internet Broadway Database</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73089#P1220" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070219070910/http://www.pittsburghclo.org/outreach/gene_kelly.cfm">The Gene Kelly Awards – University of Pittsburgh</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090317051732/http://www.thememoryhole.org/mil/navy/navy_gene_kelly.pdf">Naval Intelligence File on Gene Kelly</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/database/kelly_g_homepage.html">Gene Kelly – An American Life – PBS</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808105231/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/database/kelly_g_homepage.html">Archived</a> August 8, 2017, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/site/pittsburghmusichistory/pittsburgh-music-story/pop/gene-kelly">Gene Kelly – Pittsburgh Music History</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190817085538/http://sfgk.free.fr/Le">Site Français Gene Kelly</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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.navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Films_directed_by_Gene_Kelly" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gene_Kelly" title="Template:Gene Kelly"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gene_Kelly" title="Template talk:Gene Kelly"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gene_Kelly" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gene Kelly"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Films_directed_by_Gene_Kelly" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Films directed by <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gene Kelly</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Town_(film)" title="On the Town (film)">On the Town</a></i> (1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Singin%27_in_the_Rain" title="Singin' in the Rain">Singin' in the Rain</a></i> (1952)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/It%27s_Always_Fair_Weather" title="It's Always Fair Weather">It's Always Fair Weather</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Invitation_to_the_Dance_(film)" title="Invitation to the Dance (film)">Invitation to the Dance</a></i> (1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Happy_Road" title="The Happy Road">The Happy Road</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tunnel_of_Love" title="The Tunnel of Love">The Tunnel of Love</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gigot_(film)" title="Gigot (film)">Gigot</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Guide_for_the_Married_Man" title="A Guide for the Married Man">A Guide for the Married Man</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hello,_Dolly!_(film)" title="Hello, Dolly! (film)">Hello, Dolly!</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cheyenne_Social_Club" title="The Cheyenne Social Club">The Cheyenne Social Club</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/That%27s_Entertainment,_Part_II" title="That's Entertainment, Part II">That's Entertainment, Part II</a></i> (1976)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awards_for_Gene_Kelly" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Awards_for_Gene_Kelly" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Awards for Gene Kelly</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Academy_Honorary_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Template:Academy Honorary Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Template talk:Academy Honorary Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academy Honorary Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academy_Honorary_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Academy Honorary Award">Academy Honorary Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1928–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Temple" title="Shirley Temple">Shirley Temple</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._W._Griffith" title="D. W. Griffith">D. W. Griffith</a> (1935)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_March_of_Time" title="The March of Time">The March of Time</a></i> / <a href="/wiki/W._Howard_Greene" title="W. Howard Greene">W. Howard Greene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harold_Rosson" title="Harold Rosson">Harold Rosson</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Bergen" title="Edgar Bergen">Edgar Bergen</a> / <a href="/wiki/W._Howard_Greene" title="W. Howard Greene">W. Howard Greene</a> / <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art_Department_of_Film" title="Museum of Modern Art Department of Film">Museum of Modern Art Film Library</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mack_Sennett" title="Mack Sennett">Mack Sennett</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_A._Ball_(inventor)" title="Joseph A. Ball (inventor)">J. Arthur Ball</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a> / <a href="/wiki/Deanna_Durbin" title="Deanna Durbin">Deanna Durbin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Rooney" title="Mickey Rooney">Mickey Rooney</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Jennings" title="Gordon Jennings">Gordon Jennings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jan_Domela" title="Jan Domela">Jan Domela</a>, Devereaux Jennings, Irmin Roberts, Art Smith, <a href="/wiki/Farciot_Edouart" title="Farciot Edouart">Farciot Edouart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loyal_Griggs" title="Loyal Griggs">Loyal Griggs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loren_L._Ryder" title="Loren L. Ryder">Loren L. Ryder</a>, Harry D. Mills, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Mesenkop" title="Louis Mesenkop">Louis Mesenkop</a>, Walter Oberst / <a href="/wiki/Oliver_T._Marsh" title="Oliver T. Marsh">Oliver T. Marsh</a> and Allen Davey / <a href="/wiki/Harry_Warner" title="Harry Warner">Harry Warner</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Fairbanks" title="Douglas Fairbanks">Douglas Fairbanks</a> / <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Cameron_Menzies" title="William Cameron Menzies">William Cameron Menzies</a> / <a href="/wiki/Motion_Picture_%26_Television_Fund" title="Motion Picture & Television Fund">Motion Picture Relief Fund</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jean_Hersholt" title="Jean Hersholt">Jean Hersholt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Morgan" title="Ralph Morgan">Ralph Morgan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Block" title="Ralph Block">Ralph Block</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conrad_Nagel" title="Conrad Nagel">Conrad Nagel</a>) / <a href="/wiki/Vantiva" title="Vantiva">Technicolor SA</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nathan_Levinson" title="Nathan Levinson">Nathan Levinson</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Garity" title="William Garity">William Garity</a>, John N. A. Hawkins, and the <a href="/wiki/RCA" title="RCA">RCA Manufacturing Company</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leopold_Stokowski" title="Leopold Stokowski">Leopold Stokowski</a> and his associates / Rey Scott / <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Information_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Information (United Kingdom)">British Ministry of Information</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Boyer" title="Charles Boyer">Charles Boyer</a> / <a href="/wiki/No%C3%ABl_Coward" title="Noël Coward">Noël Coward</a> / <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Pal" title="George Pal">George Pal</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> / <a href="/wiki/Margaret_O%27Brien" title="Margaret O'Brien">Margaret O'Brien</a> (1944)</li> <li>Republic Studio, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_J._Bloomberg" title="Daniel J. Bloomberg">Daniel J. Bloomberg</a>, and the Republic Studio Sound Department / <a href="/wiki/Walter_Wanger" title="Walter Wanger">Walter Wanger</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/The_House_I_Live_In_(1945_film)" title="The House I Live In (1945 film)">The House I Live In</a></i> / <a href="/wiki/Peggy_Ann_Garner" title="Peggy Ann Garner">Peggy Ann Garner</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Russell" title="Harold Russell">Harold Russell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Lubitsch" title="Ernst Lubitsch">Ernst Lubitsch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Claude_Jarman_Jr." title="Claude Jarman Jr.">Claude Jarman Jr.</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Baskett" title="James Baskett">James Baskett</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Armat" title="Thomas Armat">Thomas Armat</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Selig" title="William Selig">William Nicholas Selig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_E._Smith_(producer)" title="Albert E. Smith (producer)">Albert E. Smith</a>, and <a href="/wiki/George_Kirke_Spoor" title="George Kirke Spoor">George Kirke Spoor</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/Bill_and_Coo" title="Bill and Coo">Bill and Coo</a></i> / <i><a href="/wiki/Shoeshine_(film)" title="Shoeshine (film)">Shoeshine</a></i> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Wanger" title="Walter Wanger">Walter Wanger</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/Monsieur_Vincent" title="Monsieur Vincent">Monsieur Vincent</a></i> / <a href="/wiki/Sid_Grauman" title="Sid Grauman">Sid Grauman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Zukor" title="Adolph Zukor">Adolph Zukor</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Hersholt" title="Jean Hersholt">Jean Hersholt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMille" title="Cecil B. DeMille">Cecil B. DeMille</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_Thieves" title="Bicycle Thieves">The Bicycle Thief</a></i> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer">Louis B. Mayer</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Murphy" title="George Murphy">George Murphy</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/The_Walls_of_Malapaga" title="The Walls of Malapaga">The Walls of Malapaga</a></i> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gene Kelly</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/Rashomon" title="Rashomon">Rashomon</a></i> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merian_C._Cooper" title="Merian C. Cooper">Merian C. Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harold_Lloyd" title="Harold Lloyd">Harold Lloyd</a> / George Mitchell / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._Schenck" title="Joseph M. Schenck">Joseph M. Schenck</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_Games" title="Forbidden Games">Forbidden Games</a></i> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Studios" title="20th Century Studios">20th Century-Fox Film Corporation</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bell_%26_Howell" title="Bell & Howell">Bell & Howell Company</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Breen" title="Joseph Breen">Joseph Breen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pete_Smith_(film_producer)" title="Pete Smith (film producer)">Pete Smith</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bausch_%26_Lomb" title="Bausch & Lomb">Bausch & Lomb Optical Company</a> / <a href="/wiki/Danny_Kaye" title="Danny Kaye">Danny Kaye</a> / Kemp Niver / <a href="/wiki/Greta_Garbo" title="Greta Garbo">Greta Garbo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jon_Whiteley" title="Jon Whiteley">Jon Whiteley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Winter" title="Vincent Winter">Vincent Winter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gate_of_Hell_(film)" title="Gate of Hell (film)"><i>Gate of Hell</i></a> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samurai_I:_Musashi_Miyamoto" title="Samurai I: Musashi Miyamoto">Samurai I: Musashi Miyamoto</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Cantor" title="Eddie Cantor">Eddie Cantor</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Motion_Picture_and_Television_Engineers" title="Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers">Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers</a> / <a href="/wiki/Broncho_Billy_Anderson" title="Broncho Billy Anderson">Gilbert M. "Broncho Billy" Anderson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Brackett" title="Charles Brackett">Charles Brackett</a> / <a href="/wiki/B._B._Kahane" title="B. B. Kahane">B. B. Kahane</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Chevalier" title="Maurice Chevalier">Maurice Chevalier</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buster_Keaton" title="Buster Keaton">Buster Keaton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lee_de_Forest" title="Lee de Forest">Lee de Forest</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Cooper" title="Gary Cooper">Gary Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stan_Laurel" title="Stan Laurel">Stan Laurel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hayley_Mills" title="Hayley Mills">Hayley Mills</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Hendricks" title="William L. Hendricks">William L. Hendricks</a> / Fred L. Metzler / <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Robbins" title="Jerome Robbins">Jerome Robbins</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Tuttle" title="William J. Tuttle">William J. Tuttle</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakima_Canutt" title="Yakima Canutt">Yakima Canutt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Y._Frank_Freeman" title="Y. Frank Freeman">Y. Frank Freeman</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Freed" title="Arthur Freed">Arthur Freed</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Chambers_(make-up_artist)" title="John Chambers (make-up artist)">John Chambers</a> / <a href="/wiki/Onna_White" title="Onna White">Onna White</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cary_Grant" title="Cary Grant">Cary Grant</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Gish" title="Lillian Gish">Lillian Gish</a> / <a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> (1971)</li> <li>Charles S. Boren / <a href="/wiki/Edward_G._Robinson" title="Edward G. Robinson">Edward G. Robinson</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Langlois" title="Henri Langlois">Henri Langlois</a> / <a href="/wiki/Groucho_Marx" title="Groucho Marx">Groucho Marx</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Hawks" title="Howard Hawks">Howard Hawks</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean_Renoir" title="Jean Renoir">Jean Renoir</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Pickford" title="Mary Pickford">Mary Pickford</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Booth" title="Margaret Booth">Margaret Booth</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Lantz" title="Walter Lantz">Walter Lantz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> / <a href="/wiki/King_Vidor" title="King Vidor">King Vidor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art Department of Film</a> (1978)</li> <li>Hal Elias / <a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fonda" title="Henry Fonda">Henry Fonda</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mickey_Rooney" title="Mickey Rooney">Mickey Rooney</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Roach" title="Hal Roach">Hal Roach</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> / <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Arts" title="National Endowment for the Arts">National Endowment for the Arts</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alex_North" title="Alex North">Alex North</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bellamy" title="Ralph Bellamy">Ralph Bellamy</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak" title="Kodak">Eastman Kodak Company</a> / <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Board_of_Canada" title="National Film Board of Canada">National Film Board of Canada</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a> / <a href="/wiki/Myrna_Loy" title="Myrna Loy">Myrna Loy</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Satyajit Ray</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Kerr" title="Deborah Kerr">Deborah Kerr</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Michelangelo Antonioni</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Jones" title="Chuck Jones">Chuck Jones</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kidd" title="Michael Kidd">Michael Kidd</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Donen" title="Stanley Donen">Stanley Donen</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Cardiff" title="Jack Cardiff">Jack Cardiff</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lehman" title="Ernest Lehman">Ernest Lehman</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_O%27Toole" title="Peter O'Toole">Peter O'Toole</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blake_Edwards" title="Blake Edwards">Blake Edwards</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lumet" title="Sidney Lumet">Sidney Lumet</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone">Ennio Morricone</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Boyle" title="Robert F. Boyle">Robert F. Boyle</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauren_Bacall" title="Lauren Bacall">Lauren Bacall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roger_Corman" title="Roger Corman">Roger Corman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Willis" title="Gordon Willis">Gordon Willis</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brownlow" title="Kevin Brownlow">Kevin Brownlow</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard" title="Jean-Luc Godard">Jean-Luc Godard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eli_Wallach" title="Eli Wallach">Eli Wallach</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dick_Smith_(make-up_artist)" title="Dick Smith (make-up artist)">Dick Smith</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._A._Pennebaker" title="D. A. Pennebaker">D. A. Pennebaker</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hal_Needham" title="Hal Needham">Hal Needham</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Stevens_Jr." title="George Stevens Jr.">George Stevens Jr.</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Lansbury" title="Angela Lansbury">Angela Lansbury</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steve_Martin" title="Steve Martin">Steve Martin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Piero_Tosi" title="Piero Tosi">Piero Tosi</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Carri%C3%A8re" title="Jean-Claude Carrière">Jean-Claude Carrière</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hayao_Miyazaki" title="Hayao Miyazaki">Hayao Miyazaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maureen_O%27Hara" title="Maureen O'Hara">Maureen O'Hara</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gena_Rowlands" title="Gena Rowlands">Gena Rowlands</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Chan" title="Jackie Chan">Jackie Chan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Stalmaster" title="Lynn Stalmaster">Lynn Stalmaster</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anne_V._Coates" title="Anne V. Coates">Anne V. Coates</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Wiseman" title="Frederick Wiseman">Frederick Wiseman</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Burnett_(director)" title="Charles Burnett (director)">Charles Burnett</a> / <a href="/wiki/Owen_Roizman" title="Owen Roizman">Owen Roizman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Donald_Sutherland" title="Donald Sutherland">Donald Sutherland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Agn%C3%A8s_Varda" title="Agnès Varda">Agnès Varda</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Levy_(publicist)" title="Marvin Levy (publicist)">Marvin Levy</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lalo_Schifrin" title="Lalo Schifrin">Lalo Schifrin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cicely_Tyson" title="Cicely Tyson">Cicely Tyson</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wes_Studi" title="Wes Studi">Wes Studi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lina_Wertm%C3%BCller" title="Lina Wertmüller">Lina Wertmüller</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Jackson" title="Samuel L. Jackson">Samuel L. Jackson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Elaine_May" title="Elaine May">Elaine May</a> / <a href="/wiki/Liv_Ullmann" title="Liv Ullmann">Liv Ullmann</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euzhan_Palcy" title="Euzhan Palcy">Euzhan Palcy</a> / <a href="/wiki/Diane_Warren" title="Diane Warren">Diane Warren</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weir" title="Peter Weir">Peter Weir</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Bassett" title="Angela Bassett">Angela Bassett</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carol_Littleton" title="Carol Littleton">Carol Littleton</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a> / <a href="/wiki/Juliet_Taylor" title="Juliet Taylor">Juliet Taylor</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="AFI_Life_Achievement_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:AFI_Life_Achievement_Award" title="Template:AFI Life Achievement Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:AFI_Life_Achievement_Award" title="Template talk:AFI Life Achievement Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:AFI_Life_Achievement_Award" 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class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fonda" title="Henry Fonda">Henry Fonda</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Gish" title="Lillian Gish">Lillian Gish</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gene Kelly</a> (1985) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor" title="Elizabeth Taylor">Elizabeth Taylor</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicholson" title="Jack Nicholson">Jack Nicholson</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wise" title="Robert Wise">Robert Wise</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Ford" title="Harrison Ford">Harrison Ford</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hanks" title="Tom Hanks">Tom Hanks</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a> (2004) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Douglas" title="Michael Douglas">Michael Douglas</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Freeman" title="Morgan Freeman">Morgan Freeman</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Martin" title="Steve Martin">Steve Martin</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Diane_Keaton" title="Diane Keaton">Diane Keaton</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Clooney" title="George Clooney">George Clooney</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Denzel_Washington" title="Denzel Washington">Denzel Washington</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julie_Andrews" title="Julie Andrews">Julie Andrews</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Kidman" title="Nicole Kidman">Nicole Kidman</a> (2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (2025)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #CFB53B"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" title="Template:Cecil B. DeMille Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" title="Template talk:Cecil B. DeMille Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cecil B. DeMille Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" title="Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award">Cecil B. DeMille Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMille" title="Cecil B. DeMille">Cecil B. DeMille</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Darryl_F._Zanuck" title="Darryl F. Zanuck">Darryl F. Zanuck</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Hersholt" title="Jean Hersholt">Jean Hersholt</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_L._Warner" title="Jack L. Warner">Jack L. Warner</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mervyn_LeRoy" title="Mervyn LeRoy">Mervyn LeRoy</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Adler" title="Buddy Adler">Buddy Adler</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Chevalier" title="Maurice Chevalier">Maurice Chevalier</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bing_Crosby" title="Bing Crosby">Bing Crosby</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._Levine" title="Joseph E. Levine">Joseph E. Levine</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Wayne" title="John Wayne">John Wayne</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlton_Heston" title="Charlton Heston">Charlton Heston</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joan_Crawford" title="Joan Crawford">Joan Crawford</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Goldwyn" title="Samuel Goldwyn">Samuel Goldwyn</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bette_Davis" title="Bette Davis">Bette Davis</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hal_B._Wallis" title="Hal B. Wallis">Hal B. Wallis</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mirisch" title="Walter Mirisch">Walter Mirisch</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Red_Skelton" title="Red Skelton">Red Skelton</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball">Lucille Ball</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fonda" title="Henry Fonda">Henry Fonda</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gene Kelly</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor" title="Elizabeth Taylor">Elizabeth Taylor</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Quinn" title="Anthony Quinn">Anthony Quinn</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Doris_Day" title="Doris Day">Doris Day</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn" title="Audrey Hepburn">Audrey Hepburn</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mitchum" title="Robert Mitchum">Robert Mitchum</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lauren_Bacall" title="Lauren Bacall">Lauren Bacall</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicholson" title="Jack Nicholson">Jack Nicholson</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Ford" title="Harrison Ford">Harrison Ford</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gene_Hackman" title="Gene Hackman">Gene Hackman</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Douglas" title="Michael Douglas">Michael Douglas</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robin_Williams" title="Robin Williams">Robin Williams</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hopkins" title="Anthony Hopkins">Anthony Hopkins</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Freeman" title="Morgan Freeman">Morgan Freeman</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jodie_Foster" title="Jodie Foster">Jodie Foster</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Clooney" title="George Clooney">George Clooney</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Denzel_Washington" title="Denzel Washington">Denzel Washington</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bridges" title="Jeff Bridges">Jeff Bridges</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hanks" title="Tom Hanks">Tom Hanks</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Murphy" title="Eddie Murphy">Eddie Murphy</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Viola_Davis" title="Viola Davis">Viola Davis</a> (2025)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kennedy_Center_Honorees_(1980s)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1980s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1980s" title="Template talk:Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1980s" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kennedy_Center_Honorees_(1980s)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Kennedy Center Honorees</a> (1980s)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein">Leonard Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Cagney" title="James Cagney">James Cagney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_de_Mille" title="Agnes de Mille">Agnes de Mille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Fontanne" title="Lynn Fontanne">Lynn Fontanne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leontyne_Price" title="Leontyne Price">Leontyne Price</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1981</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Count_Basie" title="Count Basie">Count Basie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cary_Grant" title="Cary Grant">Cary Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Hayes" title="Helen Hayes">Helen Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Robbins" title="Jerome Robbins">Jerome Robbins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Serkin" title="Rudolf Serkin">Rudolf Serkin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1982</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Abbott" title="George Abbott">George Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Gish" title="Lillian Gish">Lillian Gish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benny_Goodman" title="Benny Goodman">Benny Goodman</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gene Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Ormandy" title="Eugene Ormandy">Eugene Ormandy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1983</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Dunham" title="Katherine Dunham">Katherine Dunham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgil_Thomson" title="Virgil Thomson">Virgil Thomson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1984</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lena_Horne" title="Lena Horne">Lena Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Kaye" title="Danny Kaye">Danny Kaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gian_Carlo_Menotti" title="Gian Carlo Menotti">Gian Carlo Menotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Miller" title="Arthur Miller">Arthur Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern" title="Isaac Stern">Isaac Stern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1985</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Merce_Cunningham" title="Merce Cunningham">Merce Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Dunne" title="Irene Dunne">Irene Dunne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Jay_Lerner" title="Alan Jay Lerner">Alan Jay Lerner</a> & <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Loewe" title="Frederick Loewe">Frederick Loewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Sills" title="Beverly Sills">Beverly Sills</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1986</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball">Lucille Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Charles" title="Ray Charles">Ray Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hume_Cronyn" title="Hume Cronyn">Hume Cronyn</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jessica_Tandy" title="Jessica Tandy">Jessica Tandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin">Yehudi Menuhin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_Tudor" title="Antony Tudor">Antony Tudor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1987</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Como" title="Perry Como">Perry Como</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bette_Davis" title="Bette Davis">Bette Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Davis_Jr." title="Sammy Davis Jr.">Sammy Davis Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Milstein" title="Nathan Milstein">Nathan Milstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alwin_Nikolais" title="Alwin Nikolais">Alwin Nikolais</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1988</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Ailey" title="Alvin Ailey">Alvin Ailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Burns" title="George Burns">George Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrna_Loy" title="Myrna Loy">Myrna Loy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Schneider" title="Alexander Schneider">Alexander Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_L._Stevens" title="Roger L. Stevens">Roger L. Stevens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1989</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Belafonte" title="Harry Belafonte">Harry Belafonte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudette_Colbert" title="Claudette Colbert">Claudette Colbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Danilova" title="Alexandra Danilova">Alexandra Danilova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Martin" title="Mary Martin">Mary Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Schuman" title="William Schuman">William Schuman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Complete list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1970s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1970s">1970s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1980s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s">1980s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1990s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1990s">1990s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2000s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2000s">2000s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2010s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2010s">2010s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2020s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2020s">2020s</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_(1990s)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_1990s" title="Template:National Medal of Arts recipients 1990s"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_1990s" title="Template talk:National Medal of Arts recipients 1990s"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_1990s" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Medal of Arts recipients 1990s"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_(1990s)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Medal_of_Arts" title="National Medal of Arts">National Medal of Arts recipients</a> (1990s)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Abbott" title="George Abbott">George Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hume_Cronyn" title="Hume Cronyn">Hume Cronyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Tandy" title="Jessica Tandy">Jessica Tandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merce_Cunningham" title="Merce Cunningham">Merce Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasper_Johns" title="Jasper Johns">Jasper Johns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Lawrence" title="Jacob Lawrence">Jacob Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B.B._King" class="mw-redirect" title="B.B. King">Riley "B.B." King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_Kreeger" title="David Lloyd Kreeger">David Lloyd Kreeger</a></li> <li>Harris & Carroll Sterling Masterson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_McHarg" title="Ian McHarg">Ian McHarg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Sills" title="Beverly Sills">Beverly Sills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BellSouth" title="BellSouth">Southeastern Bell Corporation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1991</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Abravanel" title="Maurice Abravanel">Maurice Abravanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Acuff" title="Roy Acuff">Roy Acuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Belluschi" title="Pietro Belluschi">Pietro Belluschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Carter_Brown_III" class="mw-redirect" title="John Carter Brown III">John Carter Brown III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_%22Honi%22_Coles" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles "Honi" Coles">Charles "Honi" Coles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Crosby_(conductor)" title="John Crosby (conductor)">John Crosby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Diebenkorn" title="Richard Diebenkorn">Richard Diebenkorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Philip_Hanes" class="mw-redirect" title="R. Philip Hanes">R. Philip Hanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitty_Carlisle" title="Kitty Carlisle">Kitty Carlisle Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Primus" title="Pearl Primus">Pearl Primus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern" title="Isaac Stern">Isaac Stern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texaco" title="Texaco">Texaco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1992</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Horne" title="Marilyn Horne">Marilyn Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Houser" title="Allan Houser">Allan Houser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnie_Pearl" title="Minnie Pearl">Minnie Pearl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Saudek" title="Robert Saudek">Robert Saudek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Scruggs" title="Earl Scruggs">Earl Scruggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Shaw_(conductor)" title="Robert Shaw (conductor)">Robert Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Taylor" title="Billy Taylor">Billy Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Venturi" title="Robert Venturi">Robert Venturi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Denise_Scott_Brown" title="Denise Scott Brown">Denise Scott Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wise" title="Robert Wise">Robert Wise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AT%26T" title="AT&T">AT&T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lila_Acheson_Wallace" title="Lila Acheson Wallace">Lila Wallace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1993</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Annenberg" title="Walter Annenberg">Walter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leonore_Annenberg" title="Leonore Annenberg">Leonore Annenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cab_Calloway" title="Cab Calloway">Cabell "Cab" Calloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Charles" title="Ray Charles">Ray Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bess_Lomax_Hawes" title="Bess Lomax Hawes">Bess Lomax Hawes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kunitz" title="Stanley Kunitz">Stanley Kunitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Merrill" title="Robert Merrill">Robert Merrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Miller" title="Arthur Miller">Arthur Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rauschenberg" title="Robert Rauschenberg">Robert Rauschenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Richards" title="Lloyd Richards">Lloyd Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Styron" title="William Styron">William Styron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Taylor_(choreographer)" title="Paul Taylor (choreographer)">Paul Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1994</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Belafonte" title="Harry Belafonte">Harry Belafonte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Brubeck" title="Dave Brubeck">Dave Brubeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celia_Cruz" title="Celia Cruz">Celia Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_DeLay" title="Dorothy DeLay">Dorothy DeLay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Harris" title="Julie Harris">Julie Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erick_Hawkins" title="Erick Hawkins">Erick Hawkins</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gene Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Seeger" title="Pete Seeger">Pete Seeger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Filene_Shouse" title="Catherine Filene Shouse">Catherine Filene Shouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Thiebaud" title="Wayne Thiebaud">Wayne Thiebaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wilbur" title="Richard Wilbur">Richard Wilbur</a></li> <li>Young Audiences</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1995</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Licia_Albanese" title="Licia Albanese">Licia Albanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwendolyn_Brooks" title="Gwendolyn Brooks">Gwendolyn Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Gerald_Cantor" title="B. Gerald Cantor">B. Gerald</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iris_Cantor" title="Iris Cantor">Iris Cantor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossie_Davis" title="Ossie Davis">Ossie Davis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ruby_Dee" title="Ruby Dee">Ruby Dee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Diamond_(composer)" title="David Diamond (composer)">David Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ingo_Freed" title="James Ingo Freed">James Ingo Freed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Lichtenstein" title="Roy Lichtenstein">Roy Lichtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Mitchell_(dancer)" title="Arthur Mitchell (dancer)">Arthur Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Monroe" title="Bill Monroe">Bill Monroe</a></li> <li>Urban Gateways</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1996</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Albee" title="Edward Albee">Edward Albee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Caldwell" title="Sarah Caldwell">Sarah Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Callahan_(photographer)" title="Harry Callahan (photographer)">Harry Callahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelda_Fichandler" title="Zelda Fichandler">Zelda Fichandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalo_Guerrero" title="Lalo Guerrero">Eduardo "Lalo" Guerrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Hampton" title="Lionel Hampton">Lionel Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bella_Lewitzky" title="Bella Lewitzky">Bella Lewitzky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vera_List" class="mw-redirect" title="Vera List">Vera List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Sendak" title="Maurice Sendak">Maurice Sendak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim" title="Stephen Sondheim">Stephen Sondheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boys_Choir_of_Harlem" title="Boys Choir of Harlem">Boys Choir of Harlem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1997</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Bourgeois" title="Louise Bourgeois">Louise Bourgeois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Carter" title="Betty Carter">Betty Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Gund" title="Agnes Gund">Agnes Gund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Kiley" title="Dan Kiley">Daniel Urban Kiley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Lansbury" title="Angela Lansbury">Angela Lansbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Levine" title="James Levine">James Levine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tito_Puente" title="Tito Puente">Tito Puente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Robards" title="Jason Robards">Jason Robards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Villella" title="Edward Villella">Edward Villella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doc_Watson" title="Doc Watson">Doc Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacDowell_Colony" class="mw-redirect" title="MacDowell Colony">MacDowell Colony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1998</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_d%27Amboise_(dancer)" title="Jacques d'Amboise (dancer)">Jacques d'Amboise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fats_Domino" title="Fats Domino">Antoine "Fats" Domino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramblin%27_Jack_Elliott" title="Ramblin' Jack Elliott">Ramblin' Jack Elliott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gehry" title="Frank Gehry">Frank Gehry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Handman" title="Barbara Handman">Barbara Handman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Martin" title="Agnes Martin">Agnes Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberta_Peters" title="Roberta Peters">Roberta Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Roth" title="Philip Roth">Philip Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Lee_Corporation" title="Sara Lee Corporation">Sara Lee Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steppenwolf_Theatre_Company" title="Steppenwolf Theatre Company">Steppenwolf Theatre Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwen_Verdon" title="Gwen Verdon">Gwen Verdon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Diamond" title="Irene Diamond">Irene Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Graves" title="Michael Graves">Michael Graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odetta" title="Odetta">Odetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juilliard_School" title="Juilliard School">Juilliard School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Lear" title="Norman Lear">Norman Lear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosetta_LeNoire" title="Rosetta LeNoire">Rosetta LeNoire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Lichtenstein" title="Harvey Lichtenstein">Harvey Lichtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydia_Mendoza" title="Lydia Mendoza">Lydia Mendoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Segal_(artist)" title="George Segal (artist)">George Segal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Tallchief" title="Maria Tallchief">Maria Tallchief</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_recipients_of_the_National_Medal_of_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="List of recipients of the National Medal of Arts">Complete list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_1980s" title="Template:National Medal of Arts recipients 1980s">1980s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_1990s" title="Template:National Medal of Arts recipients 1990s">1990s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_2000s" title="Template:National Medal of Arts recipients 2000s">2000s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_2010s" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:National Medal of Arts recipients 2010s">2010s</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Screen_Actors_Guild_Life_Achievement_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #ABCDEF"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Screen_Actors_Guild_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Template:Screen Actors Guild Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Screen_Actors_Guild_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Template talk:Screen Actors Guild Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Screen_Actors_Guild_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Screen Actors Guild Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Screen_Actors_Guild_Life_Achievement_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Screen_Actors_Guild_Life_Achievement_Award" title="Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award">Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Cantor" title="Eddie Cantor">Eddie Cantor</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stan_Laurel" title="Stan Laurel">Stan Laurel</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Gargan" title="William Gargan">William Gargan</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_G._Robinson" title="Edward G. Robinson">Edward G. Robinson</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlton_Heston" title="Charlton Heston">Charlton Heston</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martha_Raye" title="Martha Raye">Martha Raye</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Pidgeon" title="Walter Pidgeon">Walter Pidgeon</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Russell" title="Rosalind Russell">Rosalind Russell</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Bailey" title="Pearl Bailey">Pearl Bailey</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cagney" title="James Cagney">James Cagney</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Bergen" title="Edgar Bergen">Edgar Bergen</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Katharine_Hepburn" title="Katharine Hepburn">Katharine Hepburn</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leon_Ames" title="Leon Ames">Leon Ames</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Danny_Kaye" title="Danny Kaye">Danny Kaye</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bellamy" title="Ralph Bellamy">Ralph Bellamy</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Iggie_Wolfington" title="Iggie Wolfington">Iggie Wolfington</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joanne_Woodward" title="Joanne Woodward">Joanne Woodward</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nanette_Fabray" title="Nanette Fabray">Nanette Fabray</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Red_Skelton" title="Red Skelton">Red Skelton</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gene Kelly</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brock_Peters" title="Brock Peters">Brock Peters</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Burt_Lancaster" title="Burt Lancaster">Burt Lancaster</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn" title="Audrey Hepburn">Audrey Hepburn</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Montalban" class="mw-redirect" title="Ricardo Montalban">Ricardo Montalban</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Burns" title="George Burns">George Burns</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Angela_Lansbury" title="Angela Lansbury">Angela Lansbury</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor" title="Elizabeth Taylor">Elizabeth Taylor</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ossie_Davis" title="Ossie Davis">Ossie Davis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ruby_Dee" title="Ruby Dee">Ruby Dee</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ed_Asner" title="Ed Asner">Ed Asner</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Malden" title="Karl Malden">Karl Malden</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Garner" title="James Garner">James Garner</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Temple" title="Shirley Temple">Shirley Temple</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julie_Andrews" title="Julie Andrews">Julie Andrews</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Durning" title="Charles Durning">Charles Durning</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Betty_White" title="Betty White">Betty White</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Borgnine" title="Ernest Borgnine">Ernest Borgnine</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Tyler_Moore" title="Mary Tyler Moore">Mary Tyler Moore</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Van_Dyke" title="Dick Van Dyke">Dick Van Dyke</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rita_Moreno" title="Rita Moreno">Rita Moreno</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Reynolds" title="Debbie Reynolds">Debbie Reynolds</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carol_Burnett" title="Carol Burnett">Carol Burnett</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lily_Tomlin" title="Lily Tomlin">Lily Tomlin</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Freeman" title="Morgan Freeman">Morgan Freeman</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Alda" title="Alan Alda">Alan Alda</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Helen_Mirren" title="Helen Mirren">Helen Mirren</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sally_Field" title="Sally Field">Sally Field</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_the_César_Awards_ceremonies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C%C3%A9sar_Awards_presidents" title="Template:César Awards presidents"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C%C3%A9sar_Awards_presidents" title="Template talk:César Awards presidents"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C%C3%A9sar_Awards_presidents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:César Awards presidents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_the_César_Awards_ceremonies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Presidents of the <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Awards" title="César Awards">César Awards</a> ceremonies</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Gabin" title="Jean Gabin">Jean Gabin</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lino_Ventura" title="Lino Ventura">Lino Ventura</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Vanel" title="Charles Vanel">Charles Vanel</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Marais" title="Jean Marais">Jean Marais</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Montand" title="Yves Montand">Yves Montand</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve" title="Catherine Deneuve">Catherine Deneuve</a> (1983)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gene Kelly</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_Signoret" title="Simone Signoret">Simone Signoret</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Renaud" title="Madeleine Renaud">Madeleine Renaud</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Barrault" title="Jean-Louis Barrault">Jean-Louis Barrault</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ustinov" title="Peter Ustinov">Peter Ustinov</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mich%C3%A8le_Morgan" title="Michèle Morgan">Michèle Morgan</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Depardieu" title="Gérard Depardieu">Gérard Depardieu</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Delon" title="Alain Delon">Alain Delon</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Noiret" title="Philippe Noiret">Philippe Noiret</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Girardot" title="Annie Girardot">Annie Girardot</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliette_Binoche" title="Juliette Binoche">Juliette Binoche</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Huppert" title="Isabelle Huppert">Isabelle Huppert</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Delon" title="Alain Delon">Alain Delon</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Auteuil" title="Daniel Auteuil">Daniel Auteuil</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathalie_Baye" title="Nathalie Baye">Nathalie Baye</a> (2002)</li> <li><span style="color:gray">—</span> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Ardant" title="Fanny Ardant">Fanny Ardant</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Adjani" title="Isabelle Adjani">Isabelle Adjani</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carole_Bouquet" title="Carole Bouquet">Carole Bouquet</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Brasseur" title="Claude Brasseur">Claude Brasseur</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Rochefort" title="Jean Rochefort">Jean Rochefort</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Gainsbourg" title="Charlotte Gainsbourg">Charlotte Gainsbourg</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Cotillard" title="Marion Cotillard">Marion Cotillard</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodie_Foster" title="Jodie Foster">Jodie Foster</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Canet" title="Guillaume Canet">Guillaume Canet</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamel_Debbouze" title="Jamel Debbouze">Jamel Debbouze</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Cluzet" title="François Cluzet">François Cluzet</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dany_Boon" title="Dany Boon">Dany Boon</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Lelouch" title="Claude Lelouch">Claude Lelouch</a> (2016)</li> <li><span style="color:gray">—</span> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Paradis" title="Vanessa Paradis">Vanessa Paradis</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristin_Scott_Thomas" title="Kristin Scott Thomas">Kristin Scott Thomas</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandrine_Kiberlain" title="Sandrine Kiberlain">Sandrine Kiberlain</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roschdy_Zem" title="Roschdy Zem">Roschdy Zem</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dani%C3%A8le_Thompson" title="Danièle Thompson">Danièle Thompson</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahar_Rahim" title="Tahar Rahim">Tahar Rahim</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9rie_Lemercier" title="Valérie Lemercier">Valérie Lemercier</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve" title="Catherine Deneuve">Catherine Deneuve</a> (2025)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output 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wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/19px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/29px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/38px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blank_television_set.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/21px-Blank_television_set.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/32px-Blank_television_set.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73089#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73089#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73089#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121481139">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/112718182">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/16451/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJhhm4ftBk8DDf3kHX8t8C">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/120381001">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50048145">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb125054160">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb125054160">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/031295499">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Kelly, Gene"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RAVV088477">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35807961">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0037990&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX876703">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070514097">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90692375">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000181900&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201520513">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810558646405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007504315405171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058524813706706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/13987928">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/aaff7c7e-5793-4fa7-9a7c-9af3b45e8132">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/names/324982">Discography of American Historical Recordings</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1096650">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd120381001.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/120381001">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/034283706">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10582961">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6jh3nwm">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&oldid=1255078104">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gene_Kelly&oldid=1255078104</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1912_births" title="Category:1912 births">1912 births</a></li><li><a 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