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Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%83_%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7" title="جاك أندراكا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جاك أندراكا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BA_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Джэк Андрэйка – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джэк Андрэйка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BA_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Джэк Андрака – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Джэк Андрака" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Andraka" title="Jack Andraka – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jack Andraka" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%BA_%CE%91%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B1" title="Τζακ Αντράκα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζακ Αντράκα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Andraka" title="Jack Andraka – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jack Andraka" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Andraka" title="Jack Andraka – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Jack Andraka" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Andraka" title="Jack Andraka – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Jack Andraka" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Andraka" title="Jack Andraka – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jack Andraka" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%AD_%EC%95%88%EB%93%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%B9%B4" title="잭 안드라카 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="잭 안드라카" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%A5%D5%AF_%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Ջեկ Անդրակա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջեկ Անդրակա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Andraka" title="Jack Andraka – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jack Andraka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Andraka" title="Jack Andraka – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Jack Andraka" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AB" title="ジャック・アンドレイカ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジャック・アンドレイカ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Andraka" title="Jack Andraka – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jack Andraka" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Andraka" title="Jack Andraka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jack Andraka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Andraka" title="Jack Andraka – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jack Andraka" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Andraka" title="Jack Andraka – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Jack Andraka" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Андрака, Джек – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Андрака, Джек" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Andraka" title="Jack Andraka – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Jack Andraka" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Джек Андрака – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джек Андрака" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B0%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%AE%89%E4%BD%90%E5%8D%A1" title="杰克·安佐卡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="杰克·安佐卡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2626989#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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Moore Award at the 2012 <a href="/wiki/International_Science_and_Engineering_Fair" title="International Science and Engineering Fair">Intel International Science and Engineering Fair</a> with a method to possibly detect the early stages of <a href="/wiki/Pancreatic_cancer" title="Pancreatic cancer">pancreatic</a> and other cancers. In 2018, as a junior majoring in anthropology and in electrical engineering at <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>, he was awarded the Truman Scholarship for his graduate studies.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pancreatic_cancer_sensor"><span class="anchor" id="Research"></span><span class="anchor" id="Career"></span> Pancreatic cancer sensor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_Andraka&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Pancreatic cancer sensor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm/220px--Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="123" data-durationhint="401" data-mwtitle="Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm/Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="476" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="854" data-height="476" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm/Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="142" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm/Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="238" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm/Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="356" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm/Jack_Andraka_-_Detecting_pancreatic_cancer_at_15.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="356" /></video></span><figcaption>Andraka talks about his work</figcaption></figure> <p>Andraka's winning project consisted of a sensor, similar to <a href="/wiki/Glucose_meter" title="Glucose meter">diabetic test strips</a>, for early-stage pancreatic cancer screening. The sensor, consisting of filter paper coated with <a href="/wiki/Single-walled_carbon_nanotubes" class="mw-redirect" title="Single-walled carbon nanotubes">single-walled carbon nanotubes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antibody" title="Antibody">antibodies</a> against human <a href="/wiki/Mesothelin" title="Mesothelin">mesothelin</a>, was said to measure the level of <a href="/wiki/Mesothelin" title="Mesothelin">mesothelin</a> to test for the presence of cancer in a patient.<sup id="cite_ref-smithsonian_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smithsonian-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> The project claimed that tests on human blood serum showed a <a href="/wiki/Dose%E2%80%93response_relationship" title="Dose–response relationship">dose-dependent response</a>, and that his method was 168 times faster, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">26667</span></span> times as expensive, and 400 times more sensitive than <a href="/wiki/ELISA" title="ELISA">ELISA</a>, 25% to 50% more accurate than the <a href="/wiki/CA19-9" title="CA19-9">CA19-9</a> test,<sup id="cite_ref-SFS_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and over 90 percent accurate in detecting the presence of mesothelin.<sup id="cite_ref-Intel_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Intel-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, several years of trials would be needed to determine whether the new device would be <a href="/wiki/Sensitivity_and_specificity#Medical_usage" title="Sensitivity and specificity">sensitive and specific</a> enough as a <a href="/wiki/Screening_(medicine)" title="Screening (medicine)">screening test</a> for pancreatic cancer.<sup id="cite_ref-FORBES_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FORBES-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv/220px-seek%3D27-How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="240" data-mwtitle="How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv/How_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHow_Open_Access_Empowered_a_16-Year-Old_to_Make_Cancer_Breakthrough.ogv&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video></span><figcaption>Andraka in an interview with <a href="/wiki/Francis_Collins" title="Francis Collins">Francis Collins</a> on <a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">open access</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Andraka has spoken about the inspiration for his work, including the death of a family friend, in forums including <a href="/wiki/TED_(conference)#TEDx" title="TED (conference)">TEDx</a> <a href="/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen">Nijmegen</a> in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WSJ_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WSJ-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Burris_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burris-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ABC_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He conducted his work under the supervision of Anirban Maitra, Professor of <a href="/wiki/Pathology" title="Pathology">Pathology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oncology" title="Oncology">Oncology</a>, and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_School_of_Medicine" title="Johns Hopkins School of Medicine">Johns Hopkins School of Medicine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-smithsonian_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smithsonian-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Andraka has applied for a provisional patent for his method of sensing pancreatic cancer and as of 2012 was communicating with companies about developing an over-the-counter test.<sup id="cite_ref-WO2013172866A3_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WO2013172866A3-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2013, Andraka appeared as a guest on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Colbert_Report" title="The Colbert Report">The Colbert Report</a></i> to talk about his work.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ira_Pastan" title="Ira Pastan">Ira Pastan</a>, who discovered mesothelin, said that Andraka's method "makes no scientific sense. I don't know anybody in the scientific community who believes his findings."<sup id="cite_ref-The_Sydney_Morning_Herald_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Sydney_Morning_Herald-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/George_M._Church" class="mw-redirect" title="George M. Church">George M. Church</a>, professor of genetics at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, also raised concerns about the cost, speed, and sensitivity claims.<sup id="cite_ref-FORBES_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FORBES-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The novelty of Andraka's work has also been questioned. In 2005, seven years before Andraka won the <a href="/wiki/Intel_International_Science_and_Engineering_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel International Science and Engineering Fair">Intel ISEF</a>, a group of researchers at <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Medical_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Jefferson Medical College">Jefferson Medical College</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Delaware" title="University of Delaware">University of Delaware</a> reported a carbon-nanotube based sensor for use in breast cancer diagnostics that uses a methodology nearly identical to Andraka's purportedly novel methodology.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, a carbon-nanotube based sensor similar to Andraka's was reported in 2009 by Wang et al., a group of researchers at <a href="/wiki/Jiangnan_University" title="Jiangnan University">Jiangnan University</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a carbon-nanotube based sensor for applications in cancer diagnosis was reported in a 2008 paper by Shao et al. that used a methodology similar to Andraka's.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an explanation for why he was not on the Forbes 30 Under 30 List, <i>Forbes</i> editor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Herper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthew Herper (page does not exist)">Matthew Herper</a> said that he overrode an expert judging panel to keep Andraka off the list was because his work was not published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal and because experts saw holes in his work.<sup id="cite_ref-FORBES_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FORBES-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, Andraka filed a "World Patent" under the <a href="/wiki/Patent_Cooperation_Treaty" title="Patent Cooperation Treaty">Patent Cooperation Treaty</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-WO2013172866A3_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WO2013172866A3-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which resulted in a preliminary search to determine patentability.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The examination found "a lack of inventive step"<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Prior_art" title="Prior art">prior art</a> in US Patents 7824925 and 8110369. No subsequent patent has been filed in any of the patent offices under the PCT and a "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_122&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Code 122 (page does not exist)">Code 122</a>" (European Patent not filed) was issued on June 3, 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-WO2013172866A3_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WO2013172866A3-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While being an advocate for <a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">open access</a>, he was criticized for not publishing his discovery openly for anyone to use and build upon, and then trying to file a patent for it.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_Andraka&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jack_Andraka_Capital_Pride.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Jack_Andraka_Capital_Pride.jpg/220px-Jack_Andraka_Capital_Pride.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Jack_Andraka_Capital_Pride.jpg/330px-Jack_Andraka_Capital_Pride.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Jack_Andraka_Capital_Pride.jpg/440px-Jack_Andraka_Capital_Pride.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1683" /></a><figcaption>Andraka at <a href="/wiki/Capital_Pride_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Capital Pride (Washington, D.C.)">Capital Pride</a> in 2014</figcaption></figure> <p>Jack Andraka was born in <a href="/wiki/Crownsville,_Maryland" title="Crownsville, Maryland">Crownsville, Maryland</a> and is of Polish ancestry.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Andraka enrolled as a freshman at <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a> for the 2015–2016 academic year.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Andraka has been openly gay since he was 13.<sup id="cite_ref-MW_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MW-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Newcivilrightsmovement_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newcivilrightsmovement-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When asked to be interviewed about his sexual orientation, Andraka responded, "That sounds awesome! I’m openly gay and one of my biggest hopes is that I can help inspire other <a href="/wiki/LGBTQ" title="LGBTQ">LGBTQ</a> youth to get involved in <a href="/wiki/STEM_fields" class="mw-redirect" title="STEM fields">STEM</a>. I didn't have many role models [who are gay scientists] besides <a href="/wiki/Alan_Turing" title="Alan Turing">Alan Turing</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-Newcivilrightsmovement_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newcivilrightsmovement-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family">Family</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_Andraka&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Andraka's father, Steve, is a <a href="/wiki/Civil_engineer" title="Civil engineer">civil engineer</a> and his mother, Jane, is a <a href="/wiki/Anesthesiologist_assistant" class="mw-redirect" title="Anesthesiologist assistant">Certified Anesthesiology Assistant</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Andraka's older brother, Luke, won $96,000 in prizes at the <a href="/wiki/Intel_International_Science_and_Engineering_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel International Science and Engineering Fair">Intel International Science and Engineering Fair</a> in 2010, with a project that examined how <a href="/wiki/Acid_mine_drainage" title="Acid mine drainage">acid mine drainage</a> affected the environment. In 2011, Luke won an <a href="/wiki/Traditions_and_student_activities_at_MIT#THINK_Competition" title="Traditions and student activities at MIT">MIT THINK</a> Award.<sup id="cite_ref-Burris_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burris-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_recognition">Awards and recognition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_Andraka&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Awards and recognition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2012 <a href="/wiki/Gordon_E._Moore" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordon E. Moore">Gordon E. Moore</a> Award<sup id="cite_ref-Intel_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Intel-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2013 <a href="/wiki/Intel_International_Science_and_Engineering_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel International Science and Engineering Fair">Intel International Science and Engineering Fair</a>, Fourth-place, Chemistry.<sup id="cite_ref-Burris_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burris-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2014 National Jefferson Award Recipient, Samuel S. Beard Award for the Greatest Public Service by an Individual Thirty-Five Years or Under<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2015 <a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola_Scholars_Foundation" title="Coca-Cola Scholars Foundation">Coca-Cola Scholars Foundation</a> Coca-Cola Scholar<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012 Smithsonian Magazine American Ingenuity Award<sup id="cite_ref-Ingenuity_Awards_2012_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ingenuity_Awards_2012-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_Andraka&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Huang, T., Chen, C. Z., Andraka, J., & Heydari, D. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snfexfab.sites.stanford.edu/sites/g/files/sbiybj8726/f/sections/diplayfiles/finalreport_cc_dh_ja_th_revised.pdf">Two-photon lithography for dielectric structures and electroplating molds for retinal prostheses</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_Andraka&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSullivan2018" class="citation web cs1">Sullivan, Kathleen J. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 11,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+Magazine&rft.atitle=2012+American+Ingenuity+Award+Winners&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smithsonianmag.com%2Fingenuity%2Fceremonies%2F2012-winners%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+Andraka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_Andraka&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mag.amazing-kids.org/amazing-kids-of-the-month1/amazing-kids-of-the-month-april-2013-jack-andraka/">Jack Andraka: Amazing Kid! of the Month, April, 2013, Amazing Kids! Magazine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140814141230/http://mag.amazing-kids.org/amazing-kids-of-the-month1/amazing-kids-of-the-month-april-2013-jack-andraka/">Archived</a> August 14, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/future/story/20130701-perfecting-early-cancer-detection">BBC Article with Video (2013) of Jack Explaining Cancer Detection Sensor</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_Andraka&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ted.com/speakers/jack_andraka">Jack Andraka</a> at <a href="/wiki/TED_(conference)" title="TED (conference)">TED</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2626989#P2611" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000446455190">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/315085042">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1931329/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJyt3W4CM8J7KVhV9kG4MP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2015027829">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/001220669">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Andraka, Jack"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RMSV999241">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5536268">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p393329437">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC2018O9571">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987012502545205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA18460226?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jack_Andraka&oldid=1258367950">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jack_Andraka&oldid=1258367950</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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