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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluesov%C3%A1_stupnice" title="Bluesová stupnice – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bluesová stupnice" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluestonleiter" title="Bluestonleiter – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bluestonleiter" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B6_%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B1" title="Μπλουζ κλίμακα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπλουζ κλίμακα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escala_de_blues" title="Escala de blues – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Escala de blues" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blusa_gamo" title="Blusa gamo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Blusa gamo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blues_eskala" title="Blues eskala – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Blues eskala" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamme_blues" title="Gamme blues – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gamme blues" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escala_de_blues" title="Escala de blues – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Escala de blues" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B8%94%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4_%EC%8A%A4%EC%BC%80%EC%9D%BC" title="블루스 스케일 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="블루스 스케일" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scala_blues" title="Scala blues – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scala blues" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bl%C5%ABza_ska%C5%86k%C4%81rta" title="Blūza skaņkārta – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Blūza skaņkārta" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluestoonladder" title="Bluestoonladder – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bluestoonladder" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blues-skala" title="Blues-skala – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Blues-skala" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamme_blues" title="Gamme blues – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Gamme blues" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skala_bluesowa" title="Skala bluesowa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Skala bluesowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blues_scale" title="Blues scale – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Blues scale" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blues-skaala" title="Blues-skaala – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Blues-skaala" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluesskala" title="Bluesskala – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bluesskala" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%97%8D%E8%AA%BF%E9%9F%B3%E9%9A%8E" title="藍調音階 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="藍調音階" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Musical scales</div> <p>The term <b><a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a> scale</b> refers to several different <a href="/wiki/Musical_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Musical scale">scales</a> with differing numbers of <a href="/wiki/Pitch_(music)" title="Pitch (music)">pitches</a> and related characteristics. A blues scale is often formed by the addition of an out-of-key "<a href="/wiki/Blue_note" title="Blue note">blue note</a>" to an existing scale, notably the flat fifth addition to the minor pentatonic scale. However, the heptatonic blues scale can be considered a major scale with altered intervals. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blues_scale&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hexatonic">Hexatonic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blues_scale&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Hexatonic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Hexatonic_scale" title="Hexatonic scale">hexatonic</a>, or six-note, blues scale consists of the <a href="/wiki/Pentatonic_scale#Minor_pentatonic_scale" title="Pentatonic scale">minor pentatonic scale</a> plus the <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">♭</span></span>5th <a href="/wiki/Degree_(music)" title="Degree (music)">degree</a> of the original <a href="/wiki/Heptatonic_scale" title="Heptatonic scale">heptatonic scale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Arnold_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arnold-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This added note can be spelled as either a <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">♭</span></span>5 or a <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-sharp">♯</span></span>4. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blues_Scale_as_first_published_by_Jamey_Aebersold.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Blues_Scale_as_first_published_by_Jamey_Aebersold.jpeg/220px-Blues_Scale_as_first_published_by_Jamey_Aebersold.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/99/Blues_Scale_as_first_published_by_Jamey_Aebersold.jpeg 1.5x" data-file-width="284" data-file-height="351" /></a><figcaption>The first known published version of the blues scale, from Aebersold's revised 1970 Volume 1: <i>How to Play Jazz and Improvise</i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blues_chromatic_circle_diagrams.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Blues_chromatic_circle_diagrams.jpg/220px-Blues_chromatic_circle_diagrams.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Blues_chromatic_circle_diagrams.jpg/330px-Blues_chromatic_circle_diagrams.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Blues_chromatic_circle_diagrams.jpg/440px-Blues_chromatic_circle_diagrams.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1016" data-file-height="370" /></a><figcaption>Chromatic circle diagrams of the Hexatonic, Heptatonic, and Nonatonic blues scales.</figcaption></figure> <p>The first known published instance of this scale is <a href="/wiki/Jamey_Aebersold" title="Jamey Aebersold">Jamey Aebersold</a>'s <i>How to Play Jazz and Improvise Volume 1</i> (1970 revision, p. 26), and Jerry Coker claims that David Baker may have been the first educator to organise this particular collection of notes pedagogically as a scale to be taught in helping beginners evoke the sound of the blues.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><div class="mw-ext-score noresize" data-midi="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/l/d/ld60pbizfimpgpwuiqra9eystimxb4w/ld60pbiz.midi"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/l/d/ld60pbizfimpgpwuiqra9eystimxb4w/ld60pbiz.png" width="210" height="52" alt=" {
\override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
\relative c' { 
 \clef treble \time 6/4
 c4 es f fis g bes c2
} }
" /><div style="margin-top: 3px;"><audio controls=""><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/l/d/ld60pbizfimpgpwuiqra9eystimxb4w/ld60pbiz.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" /><div>Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can <a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/l/d/ld60pbizfimpgpwuiqra9eystimxb4w/ld60pbiz.mp3">download the audio file</a>.</div></audio></div></div></dd></dl> <p>A major feature of the blues scale is the use of <a href="/wiki/Blue_note" title="Blue note">blue notes</a>—notes that are played or sung <a href="/wiki/Microtonality" title="Microtonality">microtonally</a>, at a slightly higher or lower pitch than standard.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Pentatonic_and_Blues_Scale_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Pentatonic_and_Blues_Scale-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, since blue notes are considered alternative inflections, a blues scale may be considered to not fit the traditional definition of a scale.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At its most basic, a single version of this blues scale is commonly used over all changes (or <a href="/wiki/Chord_(music)" title="Chord (music)">chords</a>) in a <a href="/wiki/Twelve-bar_blues" title="Twelve-bar blues">twelve-bar blues progression</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Between_the_Licks_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Between_the_Licks-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Likewise, in contemporary <a href="/wiki/Jazz_harmony" title="Jazz harmony">jazz theory</a>, its use is commonly based upon the <a href="/wiki/Key_(music)" title="Key (music)">key</a> rather than the individual chord.<sup id="cite_ref-Arnold_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arnold-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Greenblatt defines two blues scales, the major and the minor. The major blues scale is 1, 2,<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">♭</span></span>3, 3, 5, 6 and the minor is 1, <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">♭</span></span>3, 4, <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">♭</span></span>5, 5, <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">♭</span></span>7.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latter is the same as the hexatonic scale described above. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Solf%C3%A8ge#Major" title="Solfège">Movable do solfège</a>, the hexatonic major blues scale is <a href="/wiki/Solmization" title="Solmization">solmized</a> as "do-re-me-mi-sol-la"; In the <a href="/wiki/Solf%C3%A8ge#Minor" title="Solfège">La-based minor movable do solfège</a>, the hexatonic minor blues scale is solmized as "la-do-re-me-mi-sol". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heptatonic">Heptatonic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blues_scale&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Heptatonic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One <a href="/wiki/Heptatonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Heptatonic">heptatonic</a>, or seven-note, conception of the blues scale is as a <a href="/wiki/Diatonic_scale" title="Diatonic scale">diatonic scale</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Major_scale" title="Major scale">major scale</a>) with lowered third, fifth, and seventh degrees,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is equivalent to the dorian <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">♭</span></span>5 scale, the second mode of the <a href="/wiki/Harmonic_major_scale" title="Harmonic major scale">harmonic major scale</a>. Blues practice is derived from the "conjunction of 'African scales' and the diatonic western scales".<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><div class="mw-ext-score noresize" data-midi="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/9/r/9rk0861dsauhyx7o41o8jbxfsofglad/9rk0861d.midi"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/9/r/9rk0861dsauhyx7o41o8jbxfsofglad/9rk0861d.png" width="230" height="52" alt=" {
\override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
\relative c' { 
 \clef treble \time 7/4
 c4 d es f ges a bes c2
} }
" /><div style="margin-top: 3px;"><audio controls=""><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/9/r/9rk0861dsauhyx7o41o8jbxfsofglad/9rk0861d.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" /><div>Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can <a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/9/r/9rk0861dsauhyx7o41o8jbxfsofglad/9rk0861d.mp3">download the audio file</a>.</div></audio></div></div></dd></dl> <p>Steven Smith argues that, "to assign blue notes to a 'blues scale' is a momentous mistake, then, after all, unless we alter the meaning of 'scale'".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag needs further explanation. (December 2020)">further explanation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nonatonic">Nonatonic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blues_scale&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Nonatonic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An essentially nine-note blues scale is defined by Benward and Saker as a <a href="/wiki/Chromatic_scale" title="Chromatic scale">chromatic</a> variation of the major scale featuring a flat third and seventh degrees (in effect substitutions from <a href="/wiki/Dorian_mode" title="Dorian mode">Dorian mode</a>) which, "alternating with the normal third and seventh scale degrees are used to create the blues inflection. These 'blue notes' represent the influence of African scales on this music."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><div class="mw-ext-score noresize" data-midi="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/q/c/qcqeozls5nioq94j9oiw47813sl5hd0/qcqeozls.midi"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/q/c/qcqeozls5nioq94j9oiw47813sl5hd0/qcqeozls.png" width="270" height="53" alt=" {
\override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
\relative c' { 
 \clef treble \time 9/4
 c4 d es( e) f g a bes( b) c2
} }
" /><div style="margin-top: 3px;"><audio controls=""><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/q/c/qcqeozls5nioq94j9oiw47813sl5hd0/qcqeozls.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" /><div>Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can <a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/q/c/qcqeozls5nioq94j9oiw47813sl5hd0/qcqeozls.mp3">download the audio file</a>.</div></audio></div></div></dd></dl> <p>A different and non-formal way of playing the scale is by the use of <a href="/wiki/Quarter_tone" title="Quarter tone">quarter tones</a>, added to the 3rd and 7th degrees of the minor blues scale. For example, the A minor blues scale with quarter tones is A–B–C<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="half sharp"><img alt="half sharp" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg/6px-Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg/9px-Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg/12px-Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></span>–D–E–F–G<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="half sharp"><img alt="half sharp" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg/6px-Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg/9px-Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg/12px-Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></span>, where <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="half sharp"><img alt="half sharp" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg/6px-Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg/9px-Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg/12px-Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></span> is a <a href="/wiki/Half_sharp" class="mw-redirect" title="Half sharp">half sharp</a>. Also, the note D<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-sharp">♯</span></span> can be used as an additional note. Guitar players can raise a given note by a quarter tone through bending. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blues_scale&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Hit songs in a blues key include, "Rock Me"..., "<a href="/wiki/Jumpin%27_Jack_Flash" title="Jumpin' Jack Flash">Jumpin' Jack Flash</a>"..., "Higher Ground"..., "<a href="/wiki/Purple_Haze" title="Purple Haze">Purple Haze</a>"..., "<a href="/wiki/I_Can_See_for_Miles" title="I Can See for Miles">I Can See for Miles</a>"..., "<a href="/wiki/After_Midnight_(J._J._Cale_song)" title="After Midnight (J. J. Cale song)">After Midnight</a>"..., "<a href="/wiki/She%27s_a_Woman" title="She's a Woman">She's a Woman</a>"..., "<a href="/wiki/Long_Cool_Woman_in_a_Black_Dress" title="Long Cool Woman in a Black Dress">Long Cool Woman in a Black Dress</a>"..., "<a href="/wiki/Pink_Cadillac_(song)" title="Pink Cadillac (song)">Pink Cadillac</a>"..., "<a href="/wiki/Give_Me_One_Reason" title="Give Me One Reason">Give Me One Reason</a>"..., and many others.<sup id="cite_ref-Workshop_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Workshop-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a>, the blues scale is used by improvising musicians in a variety of harmonic contexts. It can be played for the entire duration of a twelve bar blues progression constructed off the root of the first dominant seventh chord. For example, a C hexatonic blues scale could be used to improvise a solo over a C blues chord progression. The blues scale can also be used to improvise over a minor chord. Jazz educator <a href="/wiki/Jamey_Aebersold" title="Jamey Aebersold">Jamey Aebersold</a> describes the sound and feel of the blues scale as "funky," "down-home," "earthy," or "bluesy."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (August 2019)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blues_scale&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altered_chord" title="Altered chord">Altered chord</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blues_scale&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Ferguson" title="Jim Ferguson">Ferguson, Jim</a> (2000). <i>All Blues Scale for Jazz Guitar: Solos, Grooves & Patterns</i>, p. 6. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7866-5213-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7866-5213-6">0-7866-5213-6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arnold-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Arnold_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arnold_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Arnold, Bruce (2002). <i>The Essentials: Chord Charts, Scales and Lead Patterns for Guitar</i>, p. 8. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-890944-94-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-890944-94-7">1-890944-94-7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harrison, Mark (2003). <i>Blues Piano: Hal Leonard Keyboard Style Series</i>, p. 8. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-634-06169-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-634-06169-0">0-634-06169-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thibeault, M. D. (2022). "Aebersold's Mediated Play-A-Long Pedagogy and the Invention of the Beginning Jazz Improvisation Student". <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Research_in_Music_Education" title="Journal of Research in Music Education">Journal of Research in Music Education</a></i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F00224294211031894">10.1177/00224294211031894</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Pentatonic_and_Blues_Scale-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Pentatonic_and_Blues_Scale_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080714070421/http://how-to-play-blues-guitar.com/blues-concepts/the-pentatonic-and-blues-scale/">"The Pentatonic and Blues Scale"</a>. How To Play Blues Guitar. 2008-07-09. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://how-to-play-blues-guitar.com/blues-concepts/the-pentatonic-and-blues-scale/">the original</a> on 2008-07-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Pentatonic+and+Blues+Scale&rft.pub=How+To+Play+Blues+Guitar&rft.date=2008-07-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhow-to-play-blues-guitar.com%2Fblues-concepts%2Fthe-pentatonic-and-blues-scale%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlues+scale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Bradford Robinson/Barry Kernfeld. "Blue Note", <i>The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz</i>, Second Edition, London (2002)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Between_the_Licks-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Between_the_Licks_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryan_Helmig2008" class="citation web cs1">Bryan Helmig (2008-02-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080428205456/http://betweenthelicks.com/blues-guitar/blues-licks-from-blues-scales">"Blues Licks From Blues Scales"</a>. Between the Licks. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://betweenthelicks.com/blues-guitar/blues-licks-from-blues-scales">the original</a> on 2008-04-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-06-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Blues+Licks+From+Blues+Scales&rft.pub=Between+the+Licks&rft.date=2008-02-25&rft.au=Bryan+Helmig&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbetweenthelicks.com%2Fblues-guitar%2Fblues-licks-from-blues-scales&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlues+scale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Greenblatt, Dan (2011). <i>The Blues Scales – Eb Version</i>, <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (October 2021)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781457101472" title="Special:BookSources/9781457101472">9781457101472</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smallwood, Richard (1980). "Gospel and Blues Improvisation" p. 102, <i>Music Educators Journal</i>, Vol. 66, No. 5. (Jan., 1980), pp. 100-104.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Oliver, Paul. "That Certain Feeling: Blues and Jazz... in 1890?" p. 13, <i>Popular Music</i>, Vol. 10, No. 1, The 1890s. (Jan., 1991), pp. 11–19. Cites Rudi Blesh.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith, Steven G. (1992). "Blues and Our Mind-Body Problem", <i>Popular Music</i>, Vol. 11, No. 1. (Jan., 1992), pp. 41–52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Benward & Saker (2003). <i>Music: In Theory and Practice</i>, Vol. I, p. 39. Seventh Edition. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-07-294262-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-07-294262-0">978-0-07-294262-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Workshop-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Workshop_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kachulis, Jimmy (2004). <i>The Songwriter's Workshop</i>, p.41. Berklee Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781476867373" title="Special:BookSources/9781476867373">9781476867373</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Jamey_Aebersold" title="Jamey Aebersold">Aebersold, J.</a> (1967). <i>How to Play Jazz and Improvise: Volume One</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781562241223" title="Special:BookSources/9781562241223">9781562241223</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blues_scale&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Hewitt, Michael. 2013. <i>Musical Scales of the World</i>, <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (January 2014)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. The Note Tree. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0957547001" title="Special:BookSources/978-0957547001">978-0957547001</a>.</li> <li>Chodos, A. T. (2018). "The Blues Scale: Historical and Epistemological Considerations." <i>Jazz Perspectives</i>, 11(2), 139–171. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F17494060.2019.1616872">10.1080/17494060.2019.1616872</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blues_scale&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://robsilverguitars.blogspot.com/2010/01/blues-scales-mapped-out-in-all.html">Blues Scale diagrams for guitar mapped out in all positions</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jazzguitar.be/blog/blues-scales/">The Blues Scale and Its Applications for Guitar</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejazzresource.com/blues_scale.html">The Jazz Resource</a> How to play on the blues scale</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090721165952/http://12bar.de/soloscal.php">Slowhand Blues guitar</a> Detailed information on Blues scales</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Musical_scales_(list)142" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Scales" title="Template:Scales"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Scales" title="Template talk:Scales"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Scales" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Scales"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Musical_scales_(list)142" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Scale_(music)" title="Scale (music)">Musical scales</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_musical_scales_and_modes" title="List of musical scales and modes">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main Western</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Major_scale" title="Major scale">Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_scale" title="Minor scale">Minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentatonic_scale" title="Pentatonic scale">Pentatonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diatonic_scale" title="Diatonic scale">Diatonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromatic_scale" title="Chromatic scale">Chromatic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bebop_scale" title="Bebop scale">Bebop</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Blues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octatonic_scale" title="Octatonic scale">Diminished scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distance_model" title="Distance model">Distance model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_harmonic_scale" title="Double harmonic scale">Double harmonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enharmonic_scale" title="Enharmonic scale">Enharmonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enigmatic_scale" title="Enigmatic scale">Enigmatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamenco_mode" title="Flamenco mode">Flamenco mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonic_Scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmonic Scale">Harmonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonic_major_scale" title="Harmonic major scale">Harmonic major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonic_minor_scale" title="Harmonic minor scale">Harmonic minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz_scale" title="Jazz scale">Jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz_minor_scale" title="Jazz minor scale">Jazz minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_Locrian_scale" title="Major Locrian scale">Major Locrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_dominant_scale" title="Phrygian dominant scale">Phrygian dominant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy%27s_intense_diatonic_scale" title="Ptolemy's intense diatonic scale">Ptolemy's intense diatonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scale_of_harmonics" title="Scale of harmonics">Scale of harmonics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symmetric_scale" title="Symmetric scale">Symmetric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthetic_mode" title="Synthetic mode">Synthetic mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthetic_scale" title="Synthetic scale">Synthetic scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whole_tone_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Whole tone scale">Whole tone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethnic origin</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_scale" title="Algerian scale">Algerian</a></li> <li>Arabic <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Double_harmonic_scale" title="Double harmonic scale">Double harmonic</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Major_Locrian_scale" title="Major Locrian scale">Major Locrian</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Quarter_tone_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Quarter tone scale">Quarter tone</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/17_equal_temperament" title="17 equal temperament">17 equal temperament</a></small></li></ul></li> <li>Brazil <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Escala_nordestina" title="Escala nordestina">Escala nordestina</a></small></li></ul></li> <li>Gamelan <ul><li><small><i><a href="/wiki/Pelog" title="Pelog">Pelog</a></i></small></li> <li><small><i><a href="/wiki/Slendro" title="Slendro">Slendro</a></i></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gypsy_scale" title="Gypsy scale">Gypsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_major_scale" title="Hungarian major scale">Hungarian major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_minor_scale" title="Hungarian minor scale">Hungarian minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istrian_scale" title="Istrian scale">Istrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_musical_scales" title="Japanese musical scales">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nusach_(Jewish_music)" title="Nusach (Jewish music)">Jewish nusach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neapolitan_scale" title="Neapolitan scale">Neapolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_scale" title="Persian scale">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_major_scale" title="Romanian major scale">Romanian major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Dorian_scale" title="Ukrainian Dorian scale">Ukrainian Dorian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-octave</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_scale" title="Alpha scale">Alpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_scale" title="Beta scale">Beta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_scale" title="Gamma scale">Gamma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_scale" title="Delta scale">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohlen%E2%80%93Pierce_scale" title="Bohlen–Pierce scale">Bohlen–Pierce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Modes" title="Template:Modes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Modes" title="Template talk:Modes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Modes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Modes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Modes_in_Western_music191" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mode_(music)" title="Mode (music)">Modes in Western music</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_mode" title="Gregorian mode">Gregorian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Authentic_mode" class="mw-redirect" title="Authentic mode">Authentic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorian_mode" title="Dorian mode">Dorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_mode" title="Phrygian mode">Phrygian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydian_mode" title="Lydian mode">Lydian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixolydian_mode" title="Mixolydian mode">Mixolydian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Plagal_mode" class="mw-redirect" title="Plagal mode">Plagal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hypodorian_mode" title="Hypodorian mode">Hypodorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypophrygian_mode" title="Hypophrygian mode">Hypophrygian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypolydian_mode" title="Hypolydian mode">Hypolydian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixolydian_mode" title="Mixolydian mode">Hypomixolydian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_mode" title="Ionian mode">Ionian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypoionian_mode" title="Hypoionian mode">Hypoionian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeolian_mode" title="Aeolian mode">Aeolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypoaeolian_mode" title="Hypoaeolian mode">Hypoaeolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locrian_mode" title="Locrian mode">Locrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypolocrian_mode" title="Hypolocrian mode">Hypolocrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentatonic_scale" title="Pentatonic scale">Pentatonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reciting_tone" title="Reciting tone">Reciting tone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diatonic_scale" title="Diatonic scale">Diatonic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_mode" title="Ionian mode">Ionian (I)</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Natural_major&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natural major (page does not exist)">natural major</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascending_melodic_major&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ascending melodic major (page does not exist)">ascending melodic major</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorian_mode" title="Dorian mode">Dorian (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_mode" title="Phrygian mode">Phrygian (III)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydian_mode" title="Lydian mode">Lydian (IV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixolydian_mode" title="Mixolydian mode">Mixolydian (V)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeolian_mode" title="Aeolian mode">Aeolian (VI)</a> (<a href="/wiki/Natural_minor" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural minor">natural minor</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Descending_melodic_minor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Descending melodic minor (page does not exist)">descending melodic minor</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locrian_mode" title="Locrian mode">Locrian (VII)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jazz_minor_scale" title="Jazz minor scale">Jazz minor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jazz_minor_scale" title="Jazz minor scale">Jazz minor (I)</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ascending_melodic_minor" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascending melodic minor">ascending melodic minor</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorian_%E2%99%AD2_scale" title="Dorian ♭2 scale">Dorian ♭2 (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydian_augmented_scale" title="Lydian augmented scale">Lydian augmented (III)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acoustic_scale" title="Acoustic scale">Acoustic (IV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeolian_dominant_scale" title="Aeolian dominant scale">Aeolian dominant (V)</a> (<a href="/wiki/Descending_melodic_major" class="mw-redirect" title="Descending melodic major">descending melodic major</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half_diminished_scale" title="Half diminished scale">Half diminished (VI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altered_scale" title="Altered scale">Altered (VII)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harmonic_minor" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmonic minor">Harmonic minor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harmonic_minor" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmonic minor">Harmonic minor (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Dorian_scale" title="Ukrainian Dorian scale">Ukrainian Dorian (IV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_dominant_scale" title="Phrygian dominant scale">Phrygian dominant (V)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harmonic_major" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmonic major">Harmonic major</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harmonic_major" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmonic major">Harmonic major (I)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Double_harmonic_scale" title="Double harmonic scale">Double harmonic scale</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Double_harmonic_scale" title="Double harmonic scale">Double harmonic (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_minor_scale" title="Hungarian minor scale">Hungarian minor (IV)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oriental_mode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oriental mode (page does not exist)">Oriental (V)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Number of tones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monotonic_scale" title="Monotonic scale">Monotonic</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditonic_scale" title="Ditonic scale">Ditonic</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tritonic_scale" title="Tritonic scale">Tritonic</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetratonic_scale" title="Tetratonic scale">Tetratonic</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentatonic_scale" title="Pentatonic scale">Pentatonic</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexatonic_scale" title="Hexatonic scale">Hexatonic</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heptatonic_scale" title="Heptatonic scale">Heptatonic</a> (7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octatonic_scale" title="Octatonic scale">Octatonic</a> (8)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decatonic_scale" title="Decatonic scale">Decatonic</a> (10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromatic_scale" title="Chromatic scale">Chromatic</a> (12)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Blues441" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Blues" title="Template:Blues"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Blues" title="Template talk:Blues"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Blues" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Blues"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Blues441" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">Blues</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musical form</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_note" title="Blue note">Blue note</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blues_ballad" title="Blues ballad">Blues ballad</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Blues scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Call_and_response_(music)" title="Call and response (music)">Call and response</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight-bar_blues" title="Eight-bar blues">Eight-bar blues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_improvisation" title="Musical improvisation">Musical improvisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuffle_note" class="mw-redirect" title="Shuffle note">Shuffles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_blues_verses" title="Traditional blues verses">Traditional blues verses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve-bar_blues" title="Twelve-bar blues">Twelve-bar blues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking_bass" class="mw-redirect" title="Walking bass">Walking bass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Origins</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Origins_of_the_blues" title="Origins of the blues">Origins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_holler" title="Field holler">Field hollers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiritual (music)">Spirituals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Work_song#African-American_work_songs" title="Work song">Work songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_folk_music" title="American folk music">American folk music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional<br /> styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_blues" title="African blues">Africa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Desert_blues" title="Desert blues">Desert blues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_blues" title="Canadian blues">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_blues" title="Chicago blues">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_blues" title="Delta blues">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_country_blues" title="Hill country blues">Hill country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_blues" title="Louisiana blues">Louisiana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_blues" title="New Orleans blues">New Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swamp_blues" title="Swamp blues">Swamp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_blues" title="Memphis blues">Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blues_in_New_Zealand" title="Blues in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piedmont_blues" title="Piedmont blues">Piedmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_blues" title="Texas blues">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatolian_blues" title="Anatolian blues">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_blues" title="British blues">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_blues" title="West Coast blues">West Coast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subgenres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boogie-woogie" title="Boogie-woogie">Boogie-woogie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classic_female_blues" title="Classic female blues">Classic female</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Country_blues" title="Country blues">Country</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delta_blues" title="Delta blues">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_country_blues" title="Hill country blues">Hill country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirty_blues" title="Dirty blues">Dirty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_blues" title="Electric blues">Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fife_and_drum_blues" title="Fife and drum blues">Fife and drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokum" title="Hokum">Hokum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holler_blues" title="Holler blues">Holler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jug_band" title="Jug band">Jug band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skiffle" title="Skiffle">Skiffle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fusion genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">Rhythm and blues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blues_rock" title="Blues rock">Blues rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biker_metal" title="Biker metal">Biker metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boogie_rock" title="Boogie rock">Boogie rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_blues" title="Punk blues">Punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_rock" title="Southern rock">Southern rock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_blues" title="Gospel blues">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jump_blues" title="Jump blues">Jump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soul_blues" title="Soul blues">Soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_rock" title="Southern rock">Southern rock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_blues_musicians" title="List of blues musicians">Blues musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_blues_musicians_by_genre" title="Lists of blues musicians by genre">Blues musicians by genre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_blues_standards" title="List of blues standards">Blues standards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_blues_festivals" title="List of blues festivals">Blues festivals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Guit_Blues.JPG/28px-Guit_Blues.JPG" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Guit_Blues.JPG/41px-Guit_Blues.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Guit_Blues.JPG/55px-Guit_Blues.JPG 2x" data-file-width="159" data-file-height="161" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Blues" title="Portal:Blues">Blues portal</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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