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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Cech</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 51 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%83" title="توماس تشيك - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="توماس تشيك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%83" title="توماس تشيك - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="توماس تشيك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_%C3%87ek" title="Tomas Çek - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tomas Çek" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%DA%86%DA%A9" title="توماس چک - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="توماس چک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%A7%D1%8D%D0%BA" title="Томас Чэк - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Томас Чэк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Томас Чек - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Томас Чек" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95" title="টমাস চেক - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="টমাস চেক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_R._Cech" title="Thomas R. Cech - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Thomas R. Cech" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_R._Cech" title="Thomas R. Cech - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Thomas R. Cech" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Robert_Cech" title="Thomas Robert Cech - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Thomas Robert Cech" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%DA%86%DA%A9" title="توماس چک - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="توماس چک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Robert_Cech" title="Thomas Robert Cech - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Thomas Robert Cech" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_R._Cech" title="Thomas R. Cech - gaelico scozzese" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Thomas R. Cech" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelico scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A1_%D7%A6%27%D7%A7" title="תומאס צ'ק - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תומאס צ'ק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Robert_Cech" title="Thomas Robert Cech - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Thomas Robert Cech" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%81%E3%82%A7%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF" title="トーマス・チェック - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トーマス・チェック" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A8%B8%EC%8A%A4_%EC%B2%B4%ED%81%AC" title="토머스 체크 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="토머스 체크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_R._Cech" title="Thomas R. Cech - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Thomas R. Cech" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%DA%86%DA%A9" title="توماس چک - mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="توماس چک" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DA%BE%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B3_%DA%86%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="تھامس چیک - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تھامس چیک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BA,_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Чек, Томас - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чек, Томас" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Robert_Cech" title="Thomas Robert Cech - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Thomas Robert Cech" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - sami di Inari" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="sami di Inari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_R._Cech" title="Thomas R. Cech - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Thomas R. Cech" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Томас Чек - tataro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Томас Чек" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Томас Роберт Чек - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Томас Роберт Чек" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DA%BE%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B3_%DA%86%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="تھومس چیک - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تھومس چیک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech - yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Thomas Cech" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%88%87%E8%B5%AB" title="托马斯·切赫 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="托马斯·切赫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q135180#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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lang="it" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Robert_Cech.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Thomas_Robert_Cech.png/220px-Thomas_Robert_Cech.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Thomas_Robert_Cech.png/330px-Thomas_Robert_Cech.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Thomas_Robert_Cech.png/440px-Thomas_Robert_Cech.png 2x" data-file-width="755" data-file-height="1085" /></a><figcaption>Thomas Cech nel <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a><hr /><small><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Medaglia del Premio Nobel"><img alt="Medaglia del Premio Nobel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/20px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/40px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_per_la_chimica" title="Premio Nobel per la chimica">Premio Nobel per la chimica</a> <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a></small></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Thomas Robert Cech</b> (<a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/8_dicembre" title="8 dicembre">8 dicembre</a> <a href="/wiki/1947" title="1947">1947</a>) è un <a href="/wiki/Biochimica" title="Biochimica">biochimico</a> <a href="/wiki/Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Stati Uniti d'America">statunitense</a>, <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_per_la_chimica" title="Premio Nobel per la chimica">Premio Nobel per la chimica</a> nel <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a>. Il suo nome è legato principalmente a studi di <a href="/wiki/Biologia_molecolare" title="Biologia molecolare">biologia molecolare</a> sulla <a href="/wiki/Trascrizione_(biologia)" title="Trascrizione (biologia)">trascrizione</a> genica e sulle modificazioni che portano alla formazione, nel <a href="/wiki/Nucleo_cellulare" title="Nucleo cellulare">nucleo cellulare</a>, di <a href="/wiki/MRNA" class="mw-redirect" title="MRNA">mRNA</a> maturo a partire dal suo neosintetizzato precursore, in particolare sul meccanismo di <a href="/wiki/Splicing" title="Splicing">splicing</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografia">Biografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Cech&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Biografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Cech&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Biografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cech è nato a Chicago, ma cresciuto ad <a href="/wiki/Iowa_City" title="Iowa City">Iowa City</a>; da giovane ha frequentato il <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grinnell_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grinnell College (la pagina non esiste)">Grinnell College</a>, dove ha ottenuto il <a href="/wiki/Bachelor" class="mw-redirect" title="Bachelor">Bachelor of Arts</a> nel 1970, ed in seguito l'<a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_della_California_-_Berkeley" title="Università della California - Berkeley">Università di Berkeley</a>, in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, dove completò il suo <a href="/wiki/Ph.D." class="mw-redirect" title="Ph.D.">Ph.D.</a> in chimica nel 1975. Quello stesso anno, entrò nel <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> dove intraprese una ricerca post-dottorato. </p><p>Nel 1978 ha ottenuto il suo primo impiego come insegnante di biochimica alla <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_del_Colorado_a_Boulder" class="mw-redirect" title="Università del Colorado a Boulder">Università del Colorado</a>, università in cui tuttora insegna con il titolo di <i>Distinguished Professor</i> del Dipartimento di Chimica e Biochimica. A partire dal 2000, Cech è inoltre succeduto a Purnell Choppin come presidente del prestigioso centro di ricerca <a href="/w/index.php?title=Howard_Hughes_Medical_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Howard Hughes Medical Institute (la pagina non esiste)">Howard Hughes Medical Institute</a>, nel <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, pur continuando parallelamente gli studi e la ricerca nel suo laboratorio all'Università del Colorado. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attività_di_ricerca"><span id="Attivit.C3.A0_di_ricerca"></span>Attività di ricerca</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Cech&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Attività di ricerca" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Cech&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Attività di ricerca"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'attività di Cech si è focalizzata sullo studio dei meccanismi che portano alla sintesi, nel nucleo cellulare, dell'<a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a> a partire da uno stampo di <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>, e di come questo venga poi trasformato e processato a dare una molecola di <a href="/wiki/RNA_messaggero" title="RNA messaggero">RNA messaggero</a> maturo, in grado di trasferire l'<a href="/wiki/Codice_genetico" title="Codice genetico">informazione genica</a> dal nucleo al <a href="/wiki/Citoplasma" title="Citoplasma">citoplasma</a> e di permettere dunque la <a href="/wiki/Sintesi_proteica" title="Sintesi proteica">sintesi proteica</a>. I suoi studi in questo ambito si focalizzarono in particolare sullo <a href="/wiki/Splicing" title="Splicing">splicing</a>, ovvero il processo cellulare tramite il quale l'RNA appena trascritto – definito <i>RNA precursore</i> o <a href="/wiki/HnRNA" class="mw-redirect" title="HnRNA">hnRNA</a> – subisce il taglio e la conseguente escissione di frammenti non codificanti, gli <a href="/wiki/Introne" title="Introne">introni</a>, ed il successivo ricongiungimento dei frammenti codificanti, gli <a href="/wiki/Esone" title="Esone">esoni</a>, a dare una molecola matura e funzionale. </p><p>Il suo principale contributo in questo campo venne dalla scoperta, nei tardi <a href="/wiki/Anni_1970" title="Anni 1970">anni settanta</a>, di molecole di RNA in grado di <a href="/wiki/Catalisi" title="Catalisi">catalizzare</a> da loro stesse il complesso processo di splicing, senza l'ausilio di <a href="/wiki/Enzima" title="Enzima">enzimi</a> e di altri fattori: un fenomeno chiamato <a href="/w/index.php?title=Autosplicing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autosplicing (la pagina non esiste)">autosplicing</a>. Questa scoperta, avvenuta studiando gli acidi nucleici di un <a href="/wiki/Protozoo" class="mw-redirect" title="Protozoo">protozoo</a> <a href="/wiki/Ciliophora" title="Ciliophora">ciliato</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tetrahymena_thermophila" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetrahymena thermophila">Tetrahymena thermophila</a></i>, destò notevole interesse: il meccanismo di splicing normalmente studiato richiede infatti la presenza di numerosi fattori <a href="/wiki/Proteine" title="Proteine">proteici</a> e di particolari <a href="/wiki/Acidi_nucleici" title="Acidi nucleici">acidi nucleici</a>, gli <a href="/wiki/SnRNA" class="mw-redirect" title="SnRNA">SnRNA</a>, combinati con <a href="/wiki/Polipeptidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Polipeptidi">polipeptidi</a> a dare complesse strutture – dette <a href="/wiki/SnRNP" class="mw-redirect" title="SnRNP">SnRNP</a> – necessarie per lo splicing stesso. Cech dimostrò invece che particolari RNA erano in grado di catalizzare il loro stesso splicing grazie a particolari sequenze <a href="/wiki/Nucleotide" title="Nucleotide">nucleotidiche</a>, che permettevano il ripiegamento della molecola in <a href="/wiki/Struttura_secondaria" title="Struttura secondaria">strutture secondarie</a> che catalizzavano la reazione. </p><p>Il primo esempio di autosplicing scoperto da Cech riguardava il trascritto primario del gene per l'<a href="/wiki/RNA_ribosomale" class="mw-redirect" title="RNA ribosomale">RNA ribosomale</a> 26S di <i>Tetrahymena</i>, ma studi successivi rivelarono l'esistenza di due intere classi di <a href="/wiki/Introne" title="Introne">introni</a>, presenti in moltissime <a href="/wiki/Specie" title="Specie">specie</a>, capaci di effettuare l'autosplicing: gli introni di gruppo I e II. I risultati degli studi di Cech vennero pubblicati nel <a href="/wiki/1982" title="1982">1982</a> ed ebbero un profondo impatto sulla comunità scientifica, con ripercussioni che oltrepassarono il semplice studio dei meccanismi nucleari di trascrizione: la scoperta dell'autosplicing fu una definitiva conferma all'ipotesi che alcuni RNA potessero avere attività catalitica; tesi già sostenuta – fra gli altri – da <a href="/wiki/Carl_Woese" title="Carl Woese">Carl Woese</a> e <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick">Francis Crick</a>, che già negli <a href="/wiki/Anni_1960" title="Anni 1960">anni sessanta</a> avevano teorizzato l'esistenza di "enzimi ad RNA", o <a href="/wiki/Ribozimi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ribozimi">ribozimi</a>. Per questa sua scoperta Cech condivise con <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman">Sidney Altman</a> il <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_per_la_chimica" title="Premio Nobel per la chimica">Premio Nobel per la chimica</a> nel <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a>. </p><p>Oltre agli studi dello splicing, un altro importante interesse scientifico di Cech riguarda la struttura e la funzione dei <a href="/wiki/Telomeri" class="mw-redirect" title="Telomeri">telomeri</a>, le peculiari estremità dei <a href="/wiki/Cromosoma" title="Cromosoma">cromosomi</a> lineari. In particolare, lui e il suo gruppo hanno dedicato l'attenzione alla struttura, alla funzione ed al meccanismo di assemblaggio dell'enzima <a href="/wiki/Telomerasi" title="Telomerasi">telomerasi</a>, il principale catalizzatore della <a href="/wiki/Replicazione_del_DNA" title="Replicazione del DNA">replicazione</a> di questa particolare regione cromosomica. Essendo la corretta sintesi e conservazione dei telomeri cruciale per la sopravvivenza della cellula, la comprensione di come il meccanismo di tale sintesi operi può essere di notevole importanza medica, ad esempio come metodo di lotta ai <a href="/wiki/Tumori" class="mw-redirect" title="Tumori">tumori</a>, per i quali una eventuale terapia basata sul controllo e la repressione dell'attività della telomerasi nelle cellule cancerotiche potrebbe rivelarsi efficace. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Cech&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Cech&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Robert Weaver, <i>Biologia molecolare</i>, McGraw-Hill, 2005, <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/8838661928" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 88-386-6192-8</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Cech&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Cech&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Thomas Robert Cech"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Thomas_Robert_Cech?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Thomas_Robert_Cech?uselang=it">Thomas Cech</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Cech&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Cech&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://experts.colorado.edu/display/fisid_103252"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sito ufficiale</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">experts.colorado.edu</span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135180#P856" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Thomas-R-Cech"><span style="font-style:italic;">Thomas Robert Cech</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135180#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFnobelprize.org" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/laureate/274"><span style="font-style:italic;">Thomas Cech</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">nobelprize.org</span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135180#P8024" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li>(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/chemistry/articles/cech/index.html">Assegnazione del Nobel 1989</a> sul sito ufficiale del Premio Nobel</li> <li>(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hhmi.org/news/prez.html">Profilo di Thomas Cech</a> sul sito dell'Howard Hughes Medical Institute</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Premio_Nobel_per_la_chimica"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Premio_Nobel_per_la_chimica" title="Template:Premio Nobel per la chimica"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Premio_Nobel_per_la_chimica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Premio Nobel per la chimica (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Premio_Nobel_per_la_chimica&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/20px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/40px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Vincitori_del_premio_Nobel_per_la_chimica" title="Vincitori del premio Nobel per la chimica">Vincitori del Premio Nobel per la chimica</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">1901 - 1925</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Henricus_van_%27t_Hoff" title="Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff">Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff</a> (1901) • <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Emil_Fischer" title="Hermann Emil Fischer">Emil Fischer</a> (1902) • <a href="/wiki/Svante_Arrhenius" title="Svante Arrhenius">Svante Arrhenius</a> (1903) • <a href="/wiki/William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">William Ramsay</a> (1904) • <a href="/wiki/Adolf_von_Baeyer" title="Adolf von Baeyer">Adolf von Baeyer</a> (1905) • <a href="/wiki/Henri_Moissan" title="Henri Moissan">Henri Moissan</a> (1906) • <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Buchner" title="Eduard Buchner">Eduard Buchner</a> (1907) • <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Ernest Rutherford</a> (1908) • <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Ostwald" title="Wilhelm Ostwald">Wilhelm Ostwald</a> (1909) • <a href="/wiki/Otto_Wallach" title="Otto Wallach">Otto Wallach</a> (1910) • <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">Marie Curie</a> (1911) • <a href="/wiki/Victor_Grignard" title="Victor Grignard">Victor Grignard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Sabatier_(chimico)" title="Paul Sabatier (chimico)">Paul Sabatier</a> (1912) • <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Werner" title="Alfred Werner">Alfred Werner</a> (1913) • <a href="/wiki/Theodore_William_Richards" title="Theodore William Richards">Theodore Richards</a> (1914) • <a href="/wiki/Richard_Martin_Willst%C3%A4tter" title="Richard Martin Willstätter">Richard Willstätter</a> (1915) • <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Haber" title="Fritz Haber">Fritz Haber</a> (1918) • <a href="/wiki/Walther_Nernst" title="Walther Nernst">Walther Nernst</a> (1920) • <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy">Frederick Soddy</a> (1921) • <a href="/wiki/Francis_William_Aston" title="Francis William Aston">Francis Aston</a> (1922) • <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Pregl" title="Fritz Pregl">Fritz Pregl</a> (1923) • <a href="/wiki/Richard_Adolf_Zsigmondy" title="Richard Adolf Zsigmondy">Richard Zsigmondy</a> (1925)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">1926 - 1950</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Svedberg" title="Theodor Svedberg">Theodor Svedberg</a> (1926) • <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Otto_Wieland" title="Heinrich Otto Wieland">Heinrich Wieland</a> (1927) • <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Otto_Reinhold_Windaus" title="Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus">Adolf Windaus</a> (1928) • <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Harden" title="Arthur Harden">Arthur Harden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hans_Karl_August_Simon_von_Euler-Chelpin" title="Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin">Hans von Euler-Chelpin</a> (1929) • <a href="/wiki/Hans_Fischer" title="Hans Fischer">Hans Fischer</a> (1930) • <a href="/wiki/Carl_Bosch" title="Carl Bosch">Carl Bosch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Bergius" title="Friedrich Bergius">Friedrich Bergius</a> (1931) • <a href="/wiki/Irving_Langmuir" title="Irving Langmuir">Irving Langmuir</a> (1932) • <a href="/wiki/Harold_Urey" title="Harold Urey">Harold Urey</a> (1934) • <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Joliot-Curie" title="Frédéric Joliot-Curie">Frédéric Joliot-Curie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ir%C3%A8ne_Joliot-Curie" title="Irène Joliot-Curie">Irène Joliot-Curie</a> (1935) • <a href="/wiki/Peter_Debye" title="Peter Debye">Peter Debye</a> (1936) • <a href="/wiki/Walter_Norman_Haworth" title="Walter Norman Haworth">Walter Haworth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Karrer" title="Paul Karrer">Paul Karrer</a> (1937) • <a href="/wiki/Richard_Kuhn" title="Richard Kuhn">Richard Kuhn</a> (1938) • <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Friedrich_Johann_Butenandt" title="Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt">Adolf Butenandt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lavoslav_Ru%C5%BEi%C4%8Dka" title="Lavoslav Ružička">Lavoslav Ružička</a> (1939) • <a href="/wiki/George_Charles_de_Hevesy" title="George Charles de Hevesy">George de Hevesy</a> (1943) • <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Otto Hahn</a> (1944) • <a href="/wiki/Artturi_Ilmari_Virtanen" title="Artturi Ilmari Virtanen">Artturi Virtanen</a> (1945) • <a href="/wiki/James_Batcheller_Sumner" title="James Batcheller Sumner">James B. Sumner</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Northrop" title="John Howard Northrop">John Northrop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Meredith_Stanley" title="Wendell Meredith Stanley">Wendell Meredith Stanley</a> (1946) • <a href="/wiki/Robert_Robinson_(chimico)" title="Robert Robinson (chimico)">Robert Robinson</a> (1947) • <a href="/wiki/Arne_Tiselius" title="Arne Tiselius">Arne Tiselius</a> (1948) • <a href="/wiki/William_Francis_Giauque" title="William Francis Giauque">William Giauque</a> (1949) • <a href="/wiki/Otto_Paul_Hermann_Diels" title="Otto Paul Hermann Diels">Otto Diels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Alder" title="Kurt Alder">Kurt Alder</a> (1950)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">1951 - 1975</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Edwin_McMillan" title="Edwin McMillan">Edwin McMillan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Theodore_Seaborg" title="Glenn Theodore Seaborg">Glenn T. Seaborg</a> (1951) • <a href="/wiki/Archer_John_Porter_Martin" title="Archer John Porter Martin">Archer Martin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Laurence_Millington_Synge" title="Richard Laurence Millington Synge">Richard Synge</a> (1952) • <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Staudinger" title="Hermann Staudinger">Hermann Staudinger</a> (1953) • <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a> (1954) • <a href="/wiki/Vincent_du_Vigneaud" title="Vincent du Vigneaud">Vincent du Vigneaud</a> (1955) • <a href="/wiki/Cyril_Norman_Hinshelwood" title="Cyril Norman Hinshelwood">Cyril Hinshelwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikolaj_Nikolaevi%C4%8D_Sem%C3%ABnov" title="Nikolaj Nikolaevič Semënov">Nikolaj Semënov</a> (1956) • <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Robertus_Todd" title="Alexander Robertus Todd">Alexander Todd</a> (1957) • <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Frederick Sanger</a> (1958) • <a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Heyrovsk%C3%BD" title="Jaroslav Heyrovský">Jaroslav Heyrovský</a> (1959) • <a href="/wiki/Willard_Frank_Libby" title="Willard Frank Libby">Willard Libby</a> (1960) • <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Calvin" title="Melvin Calvin">Melvin Calvin</a> (1961) • <a href="/wiki/Max_Perutz" title="Max Perutz">Max Perutz</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Kendrew" title="John Kendrew">John Kendrew</a> (1962) • <a href="/wiki/Karl_Ziegler" title="Karl Ziegler">Karl Ziegler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giulio_Natta" title="Giulio Natta">Giulio Natta</a> (1963) • <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin" title="Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin">Dorothy Hodgkin</a> (1964) • <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns_Woodward" title="Robert Burns Woodward">Robert Woodward</a> (1965) • <a href="/wiki/Robert_Mulliken" title="Robert Mulliken">Robert Mulliken</a> (1966) • <a href="/wiki/Manfred_Eigen" title="Manfred Eigen">Manfred Eigen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Norrish" title="Ronald Norrish">Ronald Norrish</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Porter" title="George Porter">George Porter</a> (1967) • <a href="/wiki/Lars_Onsager" title="Lars Onsager">Lars Onsager</a> (1968) • <a href="/wiki/Derek_Harold_Richard_Barton" title="Derek Harold Richard Barton">Derek Barton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odd_Hassel" title="Odd Hassel">Odd Hassel</a> (1969) • <a href="/wiki/Luis_Federico_Leloir" title="Luis Federico Leloir">Luis Federico Leloir</a> (1970) • <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Herzberg" title="Gerhard Herzberg">Gerhard Herzberg</a> (1971) • <a href="/wiki/Christian_Anfinsen" title="Christian Anfinsen">Christian Anfinsen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stanford_Moore" title="Stanford Moore">Stanford Moore</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Stein" title="William Stein">William Stein</a> (1972) • <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Otto_Fischer" title="Ernst Otto Fischer">E. O. Fischer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Wilkinson" title="Geoffrey Wilkinson">Geoffrey Wilkinson</a> (1973) • <a href="/wiki/Paul_Flory" title="Paul Flory">Paul Flory</a> (1974) • <a href="/wiki/John_Cornforth" title="John Cornforth">John Cornforth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Prelog" title="Vladimir Prelog">Vladimir Prelog</a> (1975)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">1976 - 2000</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/William_Lipscomb" title="William Lipscomb">William Lipscomb</a> (1976) • <a href="/wiki/Ilya_Prigogine" title="Ilya Prigogine">Il'ja Prigožin</a> (1977) • <a href="/wiki/Peter_Dennis_Mitchell" title="Peter Dennis Mitchell">Peter Mitchell</a> (1978) • <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Brown" title="Herbert Brown">Herbert Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georg_Wittig" title="Georg Wittig">Georg Wittig</a> (1979) • <a href="/wiki/Paul_Berg" title="Paul Berg">Paul Berg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Gilbert" title="Walter Gilbert">Walter Gilbert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Frederick Sanger</a> (1980) • <a href="/wiki/Ken%27ichi_Fukui" title="Ken'ichi Fukui">Ken'ichi Fukui</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roald_Hoffmann" title="Roald Hoffmann">Roald Hoffmann</a> (1981) • <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Klug" title="Aaron Klug">Aaron Klug</a> (1982) • <a href="/wiki/Henry_Taube" title="Henry Taube">Henry Taube</a> (1983) • <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bruce_Merrifield" title="Robert Bruce Merrifield">Robert Merrifield</a> (1984) • <a href="/wiki/Herbert_A._Hauptman" title="Herbert A. Hauptman">Herbert A. Hauptman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle">Jerome Karle</a> (1985) • <a href="/wiki/Dudley_Herschbach" title="Dudley Herschbach">Dudley Herschbach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yuan_T._Lee" title="Yuan T. Lee">Yuan T. Lee</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Charles_Polanyi" title="John Charles Polanyi">John Polanyi</a> (1986) • <a href="/wiki/Donald_James_Cram" title="Donald James Cram">Donald J. Cram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Lehn" title="Jean-Marie Lehn">Jean-Marie Lehn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Pedersen" title="Charles J. Pedersen">Charles J. Pedersen</a> (1987) • <a href="/wiki/Johann_Deisenhofer" title="Johann Deisenhofer">Johann Deisenhofer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Huber" title="Robert Huber">Robert Huber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hartmut_Michel" title="Hartmut Michel">Hartmut Michel</a> (1988) • <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman">Sidney Altman</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Thomas Cech</a> (1989) • <a href="/wiki/Elias_James_Corey" title="Elias James Corey">Elias Corey</a> (1990) • <a href="/wiki/Richard_R._Ernst" title="Richard R. Ernst">Richard R. Ernst</a> (1991) • <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_Marcus" title="Rudolph Marcus">Rudolph Marcus</a> (1992) • <a href="/wiki/Kary_Mullis" title="Kary Mullis">Kary Mullis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Smith_(chimico)" title="Michael Smith (chimico)">Michael Smith</a> (1993) • <a href="/wiki/George_Andrew_Olah" title="George Andrew Olah">George Olah</a> (1994) • <a href="/wiki/Paul_Crutzen" title="Paul Crutzen">Paul Crutzen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mario_Molina" title="Mario Molina">Mario Molina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sherwood_Rowland" title="Frank Sherwood Rowland">Frank Rowland</a> (1995) • <a href="/wiki/Robert_Curl" title="Robert Curl">Robert Curl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Kroto" title="Harold Kroto">Harold Kroto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Smalley" title="Richard Smalley">Richard Smalley</a> (1996) • <a href="/wiki/Paul_Delos_Boyer" title="Paul Delos Boyer">Paul Boyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Ernest_Walker" title="John Ernest Walker">John Ernest Walker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jens_Christian_Skou" title="Jens Christian Skou">Jens Skou</a> (1997) • <a href="/wiki/Walter_Kohn" title="Walter Kohn">Walter Kohn</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Pople" title="John Pople">John Pople</a> (1998) • <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Zewail" title="Ahmed Zewail">Ahmed Zewail</a> (1999) • <a href="/wiki/Alan_Jay_Heeger" title="Alan Jay Heeger">Alan Jay Heeger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_G._MacDiarmid" title="Alan G. MacDiarmid">Alan MacDiarmid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hideki_Shirakawa" title="Hideki Shirakawa">Hideki Shirakawa</a> (2000)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">2001 - oggi</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/William_Knowles" title="William Knowles">William Knowles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%8Dji_Noyori" title="Ryōji Noyori">Ryōji Noyori</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barry_Sharpless" title="Barry Sharpless">Barry Sharpless</a> (2001) • <a href="/wiki/John_Bennett_Fenn" title="John Bennett Fenn">John B. Fenn</a>, <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dichi_Tanaka" title="Kōichi Tanaka">Kōichi Tanaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurt_W%C3%BCthrich" title="Kurt Wüthrich">Kurt Wüthrich</a> (2002) • <a href="/wiki/Peter_Agre" title="Peter Agre">Peter Agre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roderick_MacKinnon" title="Roderick MacKinnon">Roderick MacKinnon</a> (2003) • <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Ciechanover" title="Aaron Ciechanover">Aaron Ciechanover</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avram_Hershko" title="Avram Hershko">Avram Hershko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Rose" title="Irwin Rose">Irwin Rose</a> (2004) • <a href="/wiki/Robert_Grubbs" title="Robert Grubbs">Robert Grubbs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Schrock" title="Richard Schrock">Richard Schrock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yves_Chauvin" title="Yves Chauvin">Yves Chauvin</a> (2005) • <a href="/wiki/Roger_David_Kornberg" title="Roger David Kornberg">Roger D. Kornberg</a> (2006) • <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Ertl" title="Gerhard Ertl">Gerhard Ertl</a> (2007) • <a href="/wiki/Osamu_Shimomura" title="Osamu Shimomura">Osamu Shimomura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Chalfie" title="Martin Chalfie">Martin Chalfie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Tsien" title="Roger Tsien">Roger Tsien</a> (2008) • <a href="/wiki/Venkatraman_Ramakrishnan" title="Venkatraman Ramakrishnan">Venkatraman Ramakrishnan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Arthur_Steitz" title="Thomas Arthur Steitz">Thomas Steitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ada_Yonath" title="Ada Yonath">Ada Yonath</a> (2009) • <a href="/wiki/Richard_Heck" title="Richard Heck">Richard Heck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ei-ichi_Negishi" title="Ei-ichi Negishi">Ei-ichi Negishi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Akira_Suzuki" title="Akira Suzuki">Akira Suzuki</a> (2010) • <a href="/wiki/Dan_Shechtman" title="Dan Shechtman">Dan Shechtman</a> (2011) • <a href="/wiki/Brian_Kobilka" title="Brian Kobilka">Brian Kobilka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lefkowitz" title="Robert Lefkowitz">Robert Lefkowitz</a> (2012) • <a href="/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus">Martin Karplus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Levitt" title="Michael Levitt">Michael Levitt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel">Arieh Warshel</a> (2013) • <a href="/wiki/Eric_Betzig" title="Eric Betzig">Eric Betzig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Hell" title="Stefan Hell">Stefan Hell</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Moerner" title="William Moerner">William Moerner</a> (2014) • <a href="/wiki/Tomas_Lindahl" title="Tomas Lindahl">Tomas Lindahl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Modrich" title="Paul Modrich">Paul Modrich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aziz_Sancar" title="Aziz Sancar">Aziz Sancar</a> (2015) • <a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Sauvage" title="Jean-Pierre Sauvage">Jean-Pierre Sauvage</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Fraser_Stoddart" title="James Fraser Stoddart">James Fraser Stoddart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ben_Feringa" title="Ben Feringa">Bernard Feringa</a> (2016) • <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Dubochet" title="Jacques Dubochet">Jacques Dubochet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Frank" title="Joachim Frank">Joachim Frank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Henderson" title="Richard Henderson">Richard Henderson</a> (2017) • <a href="/wiki/Frances_Hamilton_Arnold" title="Frances Hamilton Arnold">Frances Hamilton Arnold</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Pieczenik_Smith" title="George Pieczenik Smith">George Pieczenik Smith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Paul_Winter" title="Gregory Paul Winter">Gregory Paul Winter</a> (2018) • <a href="/wiki/John_B._Goodenough" title="John B. Goodenough">John B. Goodenough</a>, <a href="/wiki/M._Stanley_Whittingham" title="M. Stanley Whittingham">M. Stanley Whittingham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Akira_Yoshino" title="Akira Yoshino">Akira Yoshino</a> (2019) • <a href="/wiki/Emmanuelle_Charpentier" title="Emmanuelle Charpentier">Emmanuelle Charpentier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a> (2020) • <a href="/wiki/David_MacMillan_(chimico)" title="David MacMillan (chimico)">David MacMillan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_List" title="Benjamin List">Benjamin List</a> (2021) • <a href="/wiki/Carolyn_R._Bertozzi" title="Carolyn R. Bertozzi">Carolyn R. Bertozzi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morten_Meldal" title="Morten Meldal">Morten Meldal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barry_Sharpless" title="Barry Sharpless">Barry Sharpless</a> (2022) • <a href="/wiki/Moungi_Bawendi" title="Moungi Bawendi">Moungi Bawendi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aleksej_Ekimov" title="Aleksej Ekimov">Aleksej Ekimov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_E._Brus" title="Louis E. Brus">Louis E. Brus</a> (2023) • <a href="/wiki/David_Baker_(biochimico)" title="David Baker (biochimico)">David Baker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Demis_Hassabis" title="Demis Hassabis">Demis Hassabis</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_M._Jumper" title="John M. Jumper">John M. Jumper</a> (2024)</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314"><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-National_Medal_of_Science_Chimica"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Medal_of_Science_Chimica" title="Template:National Medal of Science Chimica"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:National_Medal_of_Science_Chimica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:National Medal of Science Chimica (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:National_Medal_of_Science_Chimica&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title">Vincitori della <a href="/wiki/National_Medal_of_Science" title="National Medal of Science">National Medal of Science</a> per la chimica</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox_list navbox_center navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Adams" title="Roger Adams">Roger Adams</a> (1964)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Frank_Albert_Cotton" title="Frank Albert Cotton">Frank Albert Cotton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Stork" title="Gilbert Stork">Gilbert Stork</a> (1982)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Roald_Hoffmann" title="Roald Hoffmann">Roald Hoffmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_C._Pimentel" title="George C. Pimentel">George C. Pimentel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Zare" title="Richard Zare">Richard Zare</a> (1983)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Harry_B._Gray" title="Harry B. Gray">Harry B. Gray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yuan_T._Lee" title="Yuan T. Lee">Yuan T. Lee</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl_S._Marvel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl S. Marvel (la pagina non esiste)">Carl S. Marvel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_H._Westheimer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank H. Westheimer (la pagina non esiste)">Frank H. Westheimer</a> (1986)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Summer_Johnson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Summer Johnson (la pagina non esiste)">William S. Johnson</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_H._Stockmayer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter H. Stockmayer (la pagina non esiste)">Walter H. Stockmayer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Tishler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Max Tishler (la pagina non esiste)">Max Tishler</a> (1987)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_O._Baker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William O. Baker (la pagina non esiste)">William O. Baker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Emil_Bloch" title="Konrad Emil Bloch">Konrad Emil Bloch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elias_James_Corey" title="Elias James Corey">Elias James Corey</a> (1988)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Barry_Bernstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Barry Bernstein (la pagina non esiste)">Richard B. Bernstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Calvin" title="Melvin Calvin">Melvin Calvin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_Marcus" title="Rudolph Marcus">Rudoph A. Marcus</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harden_M._McConnell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harden M. McConnell (la pagina non esiste)">Harden M. McConnell</a> (1989)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elkan_Blout&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elkan Blout (la pagina non esiste)">Elkan Blout</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karl_August_Folkers" title="Karl August Folkers">Karl August Folkers</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_D._Roberts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John D. Roberts (la pagina non esiste)">John D. Roberts</a> (1990)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_Breslow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ronald Breslow (la pagina non esiste)">Ronald Breslow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_B._Elion" title="Gertrude B. Elion">Gertrude B. Elion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dudley_Herschbach" title="Dudley Herschbach">Dudley Herschbach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Theodore_Seaborg" title="Glenn Theodore Seaborg">Glenn Theodore Seaborg</a> (1991)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Howard_Ensign_Simmons_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Howard Ensign Simmons Jr. (la pagina non esiste)">Howard Ensign Simmons Jr.</a> (1992)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Donald_James_Cram" title="Donald James Cram">Donald J. Cram</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Norman_Hackerman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norman Hackerman (la pagina non esiste)">Norman Hackerman</a> (1993)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/George_S._Hammond" title="George S. Hammond">George S. Hammond</a> (1994)<b> ·</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Thomas Cech</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isabella_L._Karle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isabella L. Karle (la pagina non esiste)">Isabella L. Karle</a> (1995)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Norman_Davidson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norman Davidson (la pagina non esiste)">Norman Davidson</a> (1996)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Darleane_C._Hoffman" title="Darleane C. Hoffman">Darleane C. Hoffman</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harold_S._Johnston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harold S. Johnston (la pagina non esiste)">Harold S. Johnston</a> (1997)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_W._Cahn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John W. Cahn (la pagina non esiste)">John W. Cahn</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_M._Whitesides" title="George M. Whitesides">George M. Whitesides</a> (1998)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stuart_A._Rice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stuart A. Rice (la pagina non esiste)">Stuart A. Rice</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ross_(chimico)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Ross (chimico) (la pagina non esiste)">John Ross</a>, <a href="/wiki/Susan_Solomon" title="Susan Solomon">Susan Solomon</a> (1999)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_D._Baldeschwieler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John D. Baldeschwieler (la pagina non esiste)">John D. Baldeschwieler</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_F._Hirschmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ralph F. Hirschmann (la pagina non esiste)">Ralph F. Hirschmann</a> (2000)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernest_R._Davidson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernest R. Davidson (la pagina non esiste)">Ernest R. Davidson</a>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A1bor_Arpad_Somorjai" title="Gábor Arpad Somorjai">Gábor Arpad Somorjai</a> (2001)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_I._Brauman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John I. Brauman (la pagina non esiste)">John I. Brauman</a> (2002)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_J._Lippard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen J. Lippard (la pagina non esiste)">Stephen J. Lippard</a> (2004)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobin_J._Marks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tobin J. Marks (la pagina non esiste)">Tobin J. Marks</a> 2005)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marvin_H._Caruthers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marvin H. Caruthers (la pagina non esiste)">Marvin H. Caruthers</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Dervan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Dervan (la pagina non esiste)">Peter B. Dervan</a> (2006)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mostafa_El-Sayed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mostafa El-Sayed (la pagina non esiste)">Mostafa A. El-Sayed</a> (2007)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joanna_S._Fowler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joanna S. Fowler (la pagina non esiste)">Joanna S. Fowler</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=JoAnne_Stubbe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JoAnne Stubbe (la pagina non esiste)">JoAnne Stubbe</a> (2008)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_J._Benkovic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen J. Benkovic (la pagina non esiste)">Stephen J. Benkovic</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marye_Anne_Fox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marye Anne Fox (la pagina non esiste)">Marye Anne Fox</a> (2009)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacqueline_K._Barton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacqueline K. Barton (la pagina non esiste)">Jacqueline K. Barton</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_J._Stang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter J. Stang (la pagina non esiste)">Peter J. Stang</a> (2010)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Allen_Bard" title="Allen Bard">Allen Bard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Hawthorne" title="Frederick Hawthorne">Frederick Hawthorne</a> (2011)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Judith_P._Klinman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judith P. Klinman (la pagina non esiste)">Judith P. Klinman</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerrold_Meinwald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerrold Meinwald (la pagina non esiste)">Jerrold Meinwald</a> (2012)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geraldine_L._Richmond&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geraldine L. Richmond (la pagina non esiste)">Geraldine L. Richmond</a> (2013)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Alivisatos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Alivisatos (la pagina non esiste)">Paul Alivisatos</a> (2014)</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314"><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Premio_Louisa_Gross_Horwitz"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Premio_Louisa_Gross_Horwitz" title="Template:Premio Louisa Gross Horwitz"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Premio_Louisa_Gross_Horwitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Premio Louisa Gross Horwitz (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Premio_Louisa_Gross_Horwitz&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title">Vincitori del <a href="/wiki/Premio_Louisa_Gross_Horwitz" title="Premio Louisa Gross Horwitz">Premio Louisa Gross Horwitz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>)</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox_list navbox_center navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Federico_Leloir" title="Luis Federico Leloir">Luis Federico Leloir</a> (1967)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Har_Gobind_Khorana" title="Har Gobind Khorana">Har Gobind Khorana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Warren_Nirenberg" title="Marshall Warren Nirenberg">Marshall Warren Nirenberg</a> (1968)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Max_Delbr%C3%BCck" title="Max Delbrück">Max Delbrück</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salvatore_Luria" title="Salvatore Luria">Salvatore Luria</a> (1969)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Claude" title="Albert Claude">Albert Claude</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Emil_Palade" title="George Emil Palade">George Emil Palade</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keith_R._Porter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keith R. Porter (la pagina non esiste)">Keith R. Porter</a> (1970)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hugh_E._Huxley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hugh E. Huxley (la pagina non esiste)">Hugh E. Huxley</a> (1971)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_W._Kuffler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen W. Kuffler (la pagina non esiste)">Stephen W. Kuffler</a> (1972)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Renato_Dulbecco" title="Renato Dulbecco">Renato Dulbecco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Eagle" title="Harry Eagle">Harry Eagle</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Theodore_T._Puck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theodore T. Puck (la pagina non esiste)">Theodore T. Puck</a> (1973)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Ephrussi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boris Ephrussi (la pagina non esiste)">Boris Ephrussi</a> (1974)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sune_Bergstr%C3%B6m" title="Sune Bergström">Sune Bergström</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bengt_Samuelsson" title="Bengt Samuelsson">Bengt Samuelsson</a> (1975)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Seymour_Benzer" title="Seymour Benzer">Seymour Benzer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Yanofsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Yanofsky (la pagina non esiste)">Charles Yanofsky</a> (1976)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Heidelberger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Heidelberger (la pagina non esiste)">Michael Heidelberger</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elvin_A._Kabat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elvin A. Kabat (la pagina non esiste)">Elvin A. Kabat</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_G._Kunkel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry G. Kunkel (la pagina non esiste)">Henry G. Kunkel</a> (1977)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/David_Hubel" title="David Hubel">David Hubel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vernon_Mountcastle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vernon Mountcastle (la pagina non esiste)">Vernon Mountcastle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Torsten_Wiesel" title="Torsten Wiesel">Torsten Wiesel</a> (1978)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Gilbert" title="Walter Gilbert">Walter Gilbert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Frederick Sanger</a> (1979)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Milstein" title="César Milstein">César Milstein</a> (1980)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Klug" title="Aaron Klug">Aaron Klug</a> (1981)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Barbara_McClintock" title="Barbara McClintock">Barbara McClintock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Susumu_Tonegawa" title="Susumu Tonegawa">Susumu Tonegawa</a> (1982)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cohen_(biochimico)" title="Stanley Cohen (biochimico)">Stanley Cohen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Hamburger" title="Viktor Hamburger">Viktor Hamburger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rita_Levi-Montalcini" title="Rita Levi-Montalcini">Rita Levi-Montalcini</a> (1983)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Stuart_Brown" title="Michael Stuart Brown">Michael Stuart Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Goldstein" title="Joseph Goldstein">Joseph Goldstein</a> (1984)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_D._Brown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald D. Brown (la pagina non esiste)">Donald D. Brown</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Ptashne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mark Ptashne (la pagina non esiste)">Mark Ptashne</a> (1985)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Neher" title="Erwin Neher">Erwin Neher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bert_Sakmann" title="Bert Sakmann">Bert Sakmann</a> (1986)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Blobel" title="Günter Blobel">Günter Blobel</a> (1987)<b> ·</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Thomas R. Cech</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phillip_Sharp" title="Phillip Sharp">Phillip Sharp</a> (1988)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Gilman" title="Alfred Gilman">Alfred Gilman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Krebs" title="Edwin Krebs">Edwin Krebs</a> (1989)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Harrison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen Harrison (la pagina non esiste)">Stephen Harrison</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Rossmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Rossmann (la pagina non esiste)">Michael G. Rossmann</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Don_Craig_Wiley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Don Craig Wiley (la pagina non esiste)">Don C. Wiley</a> (1990)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Richard_R._Ernst" title="Richard R. Ernst">Richard R. Ernst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurt_W%C3%BCthrich" title="Kurt Wüthrich">Kurt Wüthrich</a> (1991)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard" title="Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard">Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Bok_Lewis" title="Edward Bok Lewis">Edward Bok Lewis</a> (1992)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Le_Douarin" title="Nicole Le Douarin">Nicole Le Douarin</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_Metcalf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald Metcalf (la pagina non esiste)">Donald Metcalf</a> (1993)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Philippa_Marrack" title="Philippa Marrack">Philippa Marrack</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Kappler" title="John Kappler">John Kappler</a> (1994)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Leland_Hartwell" title="Leland Hartwell">Leland Hartwell</a> (1995)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clay_Armstrong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clay Armstrong (la pagina non esiste)">Clay M. Armstrong</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bertil_Hille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bertil Hille (la pagina non esiste)">Bertil Hille</a> (1996)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Prusiner" title="Stanley Prusiner">Stanley Prusiner</a> (1997)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnold_J._Levine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arnold J. Levine (la pagina non esiste)">Arnold J. Levine</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Vogelstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bert Vogelstein (la pagina non esiste)">Bert Vogelstein</a> (1998)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Chambon" title="Pierre Chambon">Pierre Chambon</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_G._Roeder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert G. Roeder (la pagina non esiste)">Robert Roeder</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Tjian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Tjian (la pagina non esiste)">Robert Tjian</a> (1999)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/H._Robert_Horvitz" title="H. Robert Horvitz">H. Robert Horvitz</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stanley_J._Korsmeyer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stanley J. Korsmeyer (la pagina non esiste)">Stanley J. Korsmeyer</a> (2000)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Avram_Hershko" title="Avram Hershko">Avram Hershko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Varshavsky" title="Alexander Varshavsky">Alexander Varshavsky</a> (2001)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/James_Rothman" title="James Rothman">James E. Rothman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Randy_Schekman" title="Randy Schekman">Randy W. Schekman</a> (2002)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Roderick_MacKinnon" title="Roderick MacKinnon">Roderick MacKinnon</a> (2003)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tony_Hunter" title="Tony Hunter">Tony Hunter</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tony_Pawson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tony Pawson (la pagina non esiste)">Tony Pawson</a> (2004)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ada_Yonath" title="Ada Yonath">Ada Yonath</a> (2005)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Roger_David_Kornberg" title="Roger David Kornberg">Roger David Kornberg</a> (2006)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_G._Gall" title="Joseph G. Gall">Joseph G. Gall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburn" title="Elizabeth Blackburn">Elizabeth Blackburn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider">Carol W. Greider</a> (2007)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=F._Ulrich_Hartl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F. Ulrich Hartl (la pagina non esiste)">F. Ulrich Hartl</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Horwich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur Horwich (la pagina non esiste)">Arthur Horwich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin" title="Rosalind Franklin">Rosalind Franklin</a> (2008)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Victor_R._Ambros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Victor R. Ambros (la pagina non esiste)">Victor R. Ambros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gary_Ruvkun" title="Gary Ruvkun">Gary Ruvkun</a> (2009)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_J._Kelly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas J. Kelly (la pagina non esiste)">Thomas J. Kelly</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Stillman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bruce Stillman (la pagina non esiste)">Bruce Stillman</a> (2010)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Connor_Hall" title="Jeffrey Connor Hall">Jeffrey Connor Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rosbash" title="Michael Rosbash">Michael Rosbash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Warren_Young" title="Michael Warren Young">Michael Warren Young</a> (2011)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Losick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Losick (la pagina non esiste)">Richard Losick</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Lutkenhaus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joe Lutkenhaus (la pagina non esiste)">Joe Lutkenhaus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lucy_Shapiro" title="Lucy Shapiro">Lucy Shapiro</a> (2012)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Moser" title="Edvard Moser">Edvard Moser</a>, <a href="/wiki/May-Britt_Moser" title="May-Britt Moser">May-Britt Moser</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_O%E2%80%99Keefe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John O’Keefe (la pagina non esiste)">John O’Keefe</a> (2013)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/James_Patrick_Allison" title="James Patrick Allison">James Patrick Allison</a> (2014)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=S._Lawrence_Zipursky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="S. Lawrence Zipursky (la pagina non esiste)">S. Lawrence Zipursky</a> (2015)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Howard_Cedar" title="Howard Cedar">Howard Cedar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aharon_Razin" title="Aharon Razin">Aharon Razin</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gary_Felsenfeld&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gary Felsenfeld (la pagina non esiste)">Gary Felsenfeld</a> (2016)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeffrey_I._Gordon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeffrey I. Gordon (la pagina non esiste)">Jeffrey I. Gordon</a> (2017)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Chambon" title="Pierre Chambon">Pierre Chambon</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_M._Evans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ronald M. Evans (la pagina non esiste)">Ronald M. Evans</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_O%E2%80%99Malley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bert O’Malley (la pagina non esiste)">Bert O’Malley</a> (2018)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_C._Cantley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lewis C. Cantley (la pagina non esiste)">Lewis C. Cantley</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_M._Sabatini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David M. Sabatini (la pagina non esiste)">David M. Sabatini</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_K._Vogt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter K. Vogt (la pagina non esiste)">Peter K. Vogt</a> (2019)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Fettiplace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Fettiplace (la pagina non esiste)">Robert Fettiplace</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Hudspeth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Hudspeth (la pagina non esiste)">James Hudspeth</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Petit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christine Petit (la pagina non esiste)">Christine Petit</a> (2020)</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/84973225">84973225</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000116808491">0000 0001 1680 8491</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Open_Researcher_and_Contributor_ID" title="Open Researcher and Contributor ID">ORCID</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7338-3389">0000-0001-7338-3389</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; 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