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class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Muse_(person)" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab "> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:Muse_(person)" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Language</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Muse+%28person%29" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Watch</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Muse_(person)&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Edit</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p>A <b>muse</b> is a person who provides creative inspiration to a person of the arts (such as a writer, artist, composer, and so on) or sometimes in the sciences. In the course of history, these have usually (but not necessarily) been women. The term is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a>, ancient Greek goddesses of inspiration. </p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charlotte_von_Stein_Karl_Freiherr_von_Imhoff.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Charlotte_von_Stein_Karl_Freiherr_von_Imhoff.jpg/220px-Charlotte_von_Stein_Karl_Freiherr_von_Imhoff.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Charlotte_von_Stein_Karl_Freiherr_von_Imhoff.jpg/330px-Charlotte_von_Stein_Karl_Freiherr_von_Imhoff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Charlotte_von_Stein_Karl_Freiherr_von_Imhoff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="347" data-file-height="450"></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_von_Stein" title="Charlotte von Stein">Charlotte von Stein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Johann Wolfgang von Goethe</a>'s close friend and model for Iphigenia in <i><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia_in_Tauris_(Goethe)" title="Iphigenia in Tauris (Goethe)">Iphigenia in Tauris</a></i> and Natalie in <i><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Meister%27s_Apprenticeship" title="Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship">Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Meister%27s_Journeyman_Years" title="Wilhelm Meister's Journeyman Years">Wilhelm Meister's Journeyman Years</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>Human muses are woven throughout history. In modern times, specific people are called muses; as a rule, these are close friends and sometimes lovers or spouses, who inspire or affect the works of an artist due to their disposition, charisma, wisdom, sophistication, eroticism, intimate friendship, or other traits. Sometimes muses directly provide models for specific paintings and sculptures and for characters in literary works, but sometimes not, rather providing inspiration for the artist's work as a whole. </p><p>Muses are distinct from persons who may organize, teach, befriend, marry or support artists without providing inspiration for their works. Persons who serve only as models for paintings or sculptures are not necessarily muses (although they may be). </p><p>Modern muses who have left a noticeable mark on the history of culture include <a href="/wiki/Varvara_Bakhmeteva" title="Varvara Bakhmeteva">Varvara Bakhmeteva</a> (for <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Lermontov" title="Mikhail Lermontov">Mikhail Lermontov</a>), <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Siddal" title="Elizabeth Siddal">Elizabeth Siddal</a> (for the <a href="/wiki/Pre-Raphaelite_Brotherhood" title="Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood">Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood</a>), <a href="/wiki/Camille_Claudel" title="Camille Claudel">Camille Claudel</a> (for <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Rodin" title="Auguste Rodin">Auguste Rodin</a>), <a href="/wiki/Leila_Waddell" title="Leila Waddell">Leila Waddell</a> (for <a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Aleister Crowley</a>), <a href="/wiki/Gala_Dal%C3%AD" title="Gala Dalí">Gala</a> (for <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD" title="Salvador Dalí">Salvador Dalí</a>), <a href="/wiki/Dora_Maar" title="Dora Maar">Dora Maar</a> (for <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a>), <a href="/wiki/Aline_Bernstein" title="Aline Bernstein">Aline Bernstein</a> (for <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wolfe" title="Thomas Wolfe">Thomas Wolfe</a>), <a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a> (for <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a>), <a href="/wiki/Pattie_Boyd" title="Pattie Boyd">Pattie Boyd</a> (for <a href="/wiki/Eric_Clapton" title="Eric Clapton">Eric Clapton</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a>), <a href="/wiki/Uma_Thurman" title="Uma Thurman">Uma Thurman</a> (for <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a>), and many others. Muses are sometimes artists in their own right (as with Siddal, Claudel, Ono, Maar, and Thurman). </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Muse_(person)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTuttler2016" class="citation book cs1">Tuttler, Adele, ed. (2016). <i>The Muse: Psychoanalytic Explorations of Creative Inspiration</i>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317510840" title="Special:BookSources/9781317510840"><bdi>9781317510840</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Muse%3A+Psychoanalytic+Explorations+of+Creative+Inspiration&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781317510840&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuse+%28person%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThrashMaruskinCassidyFryer2010" class="citation journal cs1">Thrash, T. M.; Maruskin, L. A.; Cassidy, S.E.; Fryer, J.W.; Ryan, R. M. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2010-02829-009">"Mediating between the muse and the masses: Inspiration and the actualization of creative ideas"</a>. <i>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</i>. <b>98</b> (3): 469–487. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2Fa0017907">10.1037/a0017907</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20175625">20175625</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Personality+and+Social+Psychology&rft.atitle=Mediating+between+the+muse+and+the+masses%3A+Inspiration+and+the+actualization+of+creative+ideas&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=469-487&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2Fa0017907&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20175625&rft.aulast=Thrash&rft.aufirst=T.+M.&rft.au=Maruskin%2C+L.+A.&rft.au=Cassidy%2C+S.E.&rft.au=Fryer%2C+J.W.&rft.au=Ryan%2C+R.+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpsycnet.apa.org%2Frecord%2F2010-02829-009&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuse+%28person%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProseJakobeitHöbel2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Prose, Francine; Jakobeit, Brigitte; Höbel, Susanne (2004). <i>Das Leben der Musen. Von Lou Andreas-Salomé bis Yoko Ono</i> [<i>The Lives of the Muses: From Lou Andreas-Salomé to Yoko Ono</i>] (in German). Munich: Nagel & Kimche. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-312-00336-9" title="Special:BookSources/3-312-00336-9"><bdi>3-312-00336-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Das+Leben+der+Musen.+Von+Lou+Andreas-Salom%C3%A9+bis+Yoko+Ono&rft.place=Munich&rft.pub=Nagel+%26+Kimche&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=3-312-00336-9&rft.aulast=Prose&rft.aufirst=Francine&rft.au=Jakobeit%2C+Brigitte&rft.au=H%C3%B6bel%2C+Susanne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuse+%28person%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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