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class="h pbm"> <h1 class="ph"> 简单的日常习惯可以让你多活11年 </h1> <p class="xg2"> <span class="xg1">已有 899 次阅读</span> <span class="xg1">2024-11-16 20:50</span> <span class="pipe">|</span><span class="xg1">个人分类:<a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=212210&do=blog&classid=152747&view=me">健康生活</a></span><span class="pipe">|</span><span class="xg1">系统分类:<a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&do=blog&view=all&uid=212210&catid=7">科普集锦</a></span> </p> </div> <div id="blog_article" class="d cl" ><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体,SimSun;">简单的日常习惯可以让你多活11年</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体,SimSun;">诸平</span></p><p style="text-align:center"><a href="https://scitechdaily.com/images/Healthy-Senior-Couple.jpg" target="_blank" target="_blank"><img src="http://image.sciencenet.cn/home/202411/16/204446p9rutffftd1tr6de.jpg" title="" alt="Healthy-Senior-Couple.jpg" style="width: 416px; height: 268px;" height="268" width="416"/></a></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><a href="https://scitechdaily.com/this-simple-daily-habit-could-add-up-to-11-years-to-your-life/" target="_blank" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">A study reveals that matching the physical activity of the most active older adults could extend life expectancy by up to 11 years. Researchers recommend enhancing public infrastructure to facilitate more walking and active lifestyles to achieve these health benefits.</span></a></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">据英国医学杂志集团（</span>BMJ Group<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）</span>2024<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">年</span>11<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">月</span>14<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">日提供的消息，这个简单的日常习惯可以让你多活</span>11<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">年（</span><a href="https://scitechdaily.com/this-simple-daily-habit-could-add-up-to-11-years-to-your-life/" target="_blank" target="_blank">This Simple Daily Habit Could Add Up to 11 Years to Your Life</a><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">一项利用全国健康调查数据进行的研究表明，将体育锻炼增加到</span>40<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">岁以上美国人中最活跃分子的四分之一水平，可以使一个人的寿命延长</span>11<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">年。每天步行超过两个半小时可以显著降低患慢性病的风险，延长预期寿命。该研究强调需要制定公共卫生战略，建立支持积极生活方式的环境。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">体育锻炼的长寿益处</span>(<a href="https://scitechdaily.com/this-simple-daily-habit-could-add-up-to-11-years-to-your-life/" target="_self" target="_blank">Longevity Benefits of Physical Activity</a></strong>)</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">根据</span>2024<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">年</span>11<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">月</span>14<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">日发表在《英国运动医学杂志》（</span></span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-108125" style="text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;" target="_blank" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">British Journal of Sports Medicine</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）上的一项模型研究，如果每个</span>40<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">岁以上的美国人都像排名前</span>25%<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">的人一样积极锻炼，他们可能会多活</span>5<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">年。原文详见：</span></span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Veerman+L&cauthor_id=39542739" style="text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;" target="_blank" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">Lennert Veerman</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Tarp+J&cauthor_id=39542739" style="text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;" target="_blank" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">Jakob Tarp</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wijaya+R&cauthor_id=39542739" style="text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;" target="_blank" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">Ruth Wijaya</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wanjau+MN&cauthor_id=39542739" style="text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;" target="_blank" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">Mary Njeri Wanjau</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=M%C3%B6ller+H&cauthor_id=39542739" style="text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;" target="_blank" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">Holger Möller</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Haigh+F&cauthor_id=39542739" style="text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;" target="_blank" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">Fiona Haigh</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Lucas+P&cauthor_id=39542739" style="text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;" target="_blank" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">Peta Lucas</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Milat+A&cauthor_id=39542739" style="text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;" target="_blank" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">Andrew Milat</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">. Physical activity and life expectancy: a life-table analysis. </span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-108125" style="text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;" target="_blank" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">British Journal of Sports Medicine</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">, 2024 Nov 14: bjsports-2024-108125. DOI: </span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-108125" target="_blank" style="text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">10.1136/bjsports-2024-108125</span></a></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">参与此项研究的有来自澳大利亚格里菲斯大学医学和牙科学院（</span>Griffith University School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）、丹麦奥胡斯大学和奥胡斯大学医院（</span>Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）、澳大利亚新南威尔士大学（</span>University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）、澳大利亚新南威尔士州卫生部人口健康中心（</span>Centre for Population Health, New South Wales Ministry of Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）、澳大利亚悉尼大学公共卫生学院（</span>The University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）的研究人员。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">该研究还估计，如果最不活跃的人达到最活跃的人的活动水平，他们可能会多活近</span>11<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">年。虽然低水平的体育活动会增加患心脏病和中风等疾病的风险，并导致过早死亡，但体育活动对人群寿命的具体影响，如</span>40<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">岁以上的美国人，还尚未得到充分的了解。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">研究方法和活动跟踪（</span><a href="https://scitechdaily.com/this-simple-daily-habit-could-add-up-to-11-years-to-your-life/" target="_blank" target="_blank">Research Methodology and Activity Tracking</a></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）</span></strong></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体,SimSun;">为了探索这一点，研究人员开发了一个预测模型，评估不同程度的体育锻炼对预期寿命的影响。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">该模型使用了活动追踪器，在</span>2003~2006<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">年对</span>40<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">岁以上人群进行的全国健康和营养检查调查（</span>National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）中收集的数据进行的身体活动风险估计，并结合了</span>2019<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">年美国人口普查数据和</span>2017<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">年国家卫生统计中心（</span>National Center for Health Statistics<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）的死亡记录。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">关于活动水平和寿命的详细研究结果（</span><a href="https://scitechdaily.com/this-simple-daily-habit-could-add-up-to-11-years-to-your-life/" target="_blank" target="_blank">Detailed Findings on Activity Levels and Lifespan</a></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）</span></strong></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">40<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">岁以上最活跃的</span>25%<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">的美国人的总体力活动相当于每天以</span>4.8 km/h<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">（</span>3 miles/h<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）的速度正常步行</span>160 min<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">基于此，研究人员估计，如果美国所有</span>40<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">岁以上的人每天都能达到这种体育锻炼水平，他们的平均寿命将增加</span>5<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">年多一点，出生时的预期寿命将从</span>78.6<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">岁提高到近</span>84<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">岁。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">如果身体活动最少的</span>25%<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">的人达到身体活动最多的</span>25%<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">的人的水平，他们需要每天以</span>4.8 km/h<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">的速度多走</span>111min<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">（或同等的运动量）。据估计，这可能会使他们的预期寿命延长近</span>11<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">年。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">增加体力活动对健康的潜在益处（</span><a href="https://scitechdaily.com/this-simple-daily-habit-could-add-up-to-11-years-to-your-life/" target="_blank" target="_blank">Potential Health Gains From Increased Physical Activity</a></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）</span></strong></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">运动最少的人每多走一小时寿命延长最多，他们每多走一小时寿命延长</span>376<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">分钟，相当于</span>6<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">个小时左右。随着体力活动的增加，预期寿命的增加会减少，平均每多走一小时，预期寿命就会增加</span>169<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">分钟。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体,SimSun;">这是一项观察性研究，因此不能确定因果关系，研究人员承认他们的发现存在各种模仿。例如，他们使用的预测模型可能低估或高估了体育活动对美国人的好处，因为它所引用的研究结果。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">结论和公共卫生建议（</span><a href="https://scitechdaily.com/this-simple-daily-habit-could-add-up-to-11-years-to-your-life/" target="_blank" target="_blank">Conclusion and Recommendations for Public Health</a></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">）</span></strong></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体,SimSun;">然而，他们仍然认为，增加对促进体育活动的投资和创造促进体育活动的生活环境，有可能在人口整体层面和个人层面上大大提高人的预期寿命。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">他们在论文中写道：“我们的研究结果表明，</span>[<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">体育活动</span>]<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">提供的健康益处比以前认为的要大得多，这是由于使用了更精确的测量方法。”</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">活动量最低的四分之一人群每走一小时的寿命延长幅度最大，他们每走一小时的寿命可以延长</span>6<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体;">小时，令人印象深刻。然而，研究人员承认，在人口水平上增加体育活动是一项复杂的任务，需要一种全系统的方法。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体,SimSun;">他们建议，“鼓励主动交通的基础设施措施、可步行的社区以及绿色空间可能是有希望的方法，可以增加人们的身体活动，从而提高人们的健康预期寿命。”</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体,SimSun;">上述介绍，仅供参考。欲了解更多信息，敬请注意浏览</span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-108125" style="text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体,SimSun;" target="_blank" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体,SimSun;">原文</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体,SimSun;">或者<a href="https://scitechdaily.com/this-simple-daily-habit-could-add-up-to-11-years-to-your-life/" target="_blank" target="_blank">相关报道</a>。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-108125" style="text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;" target="_blank" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">Abstract </span></a></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">Objective:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;"> Low physical activity (PA) levels are associated with increased mortality. Improved measurement has resulted in stronger proven associations between PA and mortality, but this has not yet translated to improved estimates of the disease burden attributable to low PA. This study estimated how much low PA reduces life expectancy, and how much life expectancy could be improved by increasing PA levels for both populations and individuals. </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">We applied a predictive model based on device-measured PA risk estimates and a life-table model analysis, using a life-table of the 2019 US population based on 2017 mortality data from the National Centre for Health Statistics. The participants included were 40+ years with PA levels based on data from the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. The main outcome was life expectancy based on PA levels. </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">Results</span></strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">: If all individuals were as active as the top 25% of the population, Americans over the age of 40 could live an extra 5.3 years (95% uncertainty interval 3.7 to 6.8 years) on average. The greatest gain in lifetime per hour of walking was seen for individuals in the lowest activity quartile where an additional hour's walk could add 376.3 min (~6.3 hours) of life expectancy (95% uncertainty interval 321.5 to 428.5 min). </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">Conclusion</span></strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: times new roman;">: Higher PA levels provide a substantial increase in population life expectancy. 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