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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>New writing movement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_writing_movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Awards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nobel_Prize" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nobel_Prize"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Nobel Prize</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nobel_Prize-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Selected_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Selected_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Selected works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Selected_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Yasunari Kawabata</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 109 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-109" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">109 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="ياسوناري كواباتا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ياسوناري كواباتا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kavabata" title="Yasunari Kavabata – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yasunari Kavabata" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="یاسوناری کاواباتا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یاسوناری کاواباتا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="ইয়াসুনারি কাওয়াবাতা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইয়াসুনারি কাওয়াবাতা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawabata_Yasunari" title="Kawabata Yasunari – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kawabata Yasunari" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Ясунари Кавабата – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ясунари Кавабата" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Кавабата Ясунары – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кавабата Ясунары" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Кавабата Ясунары – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кавабата Ясунары" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Ясунари Кавабата – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ясунари Кавабата" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasunari_Kawabata" title="Jasunari Kawabata – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawabata_Yasunari" title="Kawabata Yasunari – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kawabata Yasunari" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawabata_Yasunari" title="Kawabata Yasunari – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kawabata Yasunari" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Γιασουνάρι Καβαμπάτα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γιασουνάρι Καβαμπάτα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka%C5%ADabata_Jasunari" title="Kaŭabata Jasunari – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kaŭabata Jasunari" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="یاسوناری کاواباتا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یاسوناری کاواباتا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawabata_Yasunari" title="Kawabata Yasunari – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kawabata Yasunari" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%99%80%EB%B0%94%ED%83%80_%EC%95%BC%EC%8A%A4%EB%82%98%EB%A6%AC" title="가와바타 야스나리 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="가와바타 야스나리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%85%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB_%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A1" title="Յասունարի Կավաբատա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Յասունարի Կավաբատա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="यासुनारी कावाबाता – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="यासुनारी कावाबाता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasunari_Kavabata" title="Jasunari Kavabata – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Jasunari Kavabata" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%91%D7%98%D7%94" title="יאסונרי קאוובטה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יאסונרי קאוובטה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90" title="იასუნარი კავაბატა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იასუნარი კავაბატა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Ясунари Кавабата – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ясунари Кавабата" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawabata_Yasunari" title="Kawabata Yasunari – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Kawabata Yasunari" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawabata_Yasunari" title="Kawabata Yasunari – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kawabata Yasunari" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasunari_Kavabata" title="Jasunari Kavabata – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jasunari Kavabata" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kavabata_Jaszunari" title="Kavabata Jaszunari – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kavabata Jaszunari" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Јасунари Кавабата – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јасунари Кавабата" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4" title="യസുനാറി കവാബത്ത – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യസുനാറി കവാബത്ത" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="यासुनारी कावाबाता – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="यासुनारी कावाबाता" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90" title="იასუნარი კავაბატა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="იასუნარი კავაბატა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%89_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="ياسونارى كواباتا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ياسونارى كواباتا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="یاسوناری کاواباتا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="یاسوناری کاواباتا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D1%81%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Кавабата Ясүнари – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Кавабата Ясүнари" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AB%E1%80%97%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8_%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%86%E1%80%B0%E1%80%94%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE" title="ကဝါဗတား ယာဆူနာရီ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကဝါဗတား ယာဆူနာရီ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="यासुनारी कावाबाता – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="यासुनारी कावाबाता" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E7%AB%AF%E5%BA%B7%E6%88%90" title="川端康成 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="川端康成" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AF%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE" title="ਯਾਸੂਨਾਰੀ ਕਾਵਾਬਾਤਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਯਾਸੂਨਾਰੀ ਕਾਵਾਬਾਤਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="یاسوناری کاواباتا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="یاسوناری کاواباتا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawabata_Yasunari" title="Kawabata Yasunari – Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="Kawabata Yasunari" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pinayuanan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0,_%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Кавабата, Ясунари – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кавабата, Ясунари" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Кавабата Ясунари – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кавабата Ясунари" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasunari_Kavabata" title="Jasunari Kavabata – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Jasunari Kavabata" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasunari_Kawabata" title="Jasunari Kawabata – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Jasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasunari_Kavabata" title="Jasunari Kavabata – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Jasunari Kavabata" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="یاسوناری کاواباتا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="یاسوناری کاواباتا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Јасунари Кавабата – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јасунари Кавабата" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE" title="யசுனாரி கவபட்டா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="யசுனாரி கவபட்டா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawabata_Yasunari" title="Kawabata Yasunari – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Kawabata Yasunari" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Ясунари Кавабата – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ясунари Кавабата" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4_%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0" title="ยาซูนาริ คาวาบาตะ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยาซูนาริ คาวาบาตะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kavabata" title="Yasunari Kavabata – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yasunari Kavabata" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Dasunari_Kwabata" title="Ýasunari Kwabata – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ýasunari Kwabata" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96" title="Кавабата Ясунарі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кавабата Ясунарі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%B9%D8%A7" title="یاسوناری کواباٹا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="یاسوناری کواباٹا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawabata_Yasunari" title="Kawabata Yasunari – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kawabata Yasunari" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawabata_Yasunari" title="Kawabata Yasunari – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Kawabata Yasunari" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E7%AB%AF%E5%BA%B7%E6%88%90" title="川端康成 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="川端康成" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Yasunari Kawabata" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E7%AB%AF%E5%BA%B7%E6%88%90" title="川端康成 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="川端康成" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E7%AB%AF%E5%BA%B7%E6%88%90" title="川端康成 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="川端康成" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q43736#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="View the 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padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1899-06-11</span>)</span>11 June 1899<br /><a href="/wiki/Kita-ku,_Osaka" title="Kita-ku, Osaka">Kita-ku</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a>, Japan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Died</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">16 April 1972<span style="display:none">(1972-04-16)</span> (aged 72)<br /><a href="/wiki/Zushi,_Kanagawa" title="Zushi, Kanagawa">Zushi, Kanagawa</a>, Japan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;">Writer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Tokyo" title="University of Tokyo">University of Tokyo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Period</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">1924–1972</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;">Novels, short stories</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Literary movement</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Shinkankakuha" title="Shinkankakuha">Shinkankakuha</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Notable works</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_Country" title="Snow Country">Snow Country</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Master_of_Go" title="The Master of Go">The Master of Go</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dancing_Girl_of_Izu" title="The Dancing Girl of Izu">The Dancing Girl of Izu</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Capital" title="The Old Capital">The Old Capital</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Notable awards</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a> <br /> 1968 <br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Hideko Kawabata</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #4169e1;">Japanese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">川端康成</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">Hiragana</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">かわばたやすなり</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">Katakana</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">カワバタヤスナリ</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese" title="Romanization of Japanese">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="ja-Latn">Kawabata Yasunari</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Yasunari Kawabata</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">川端康成</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Kawabata Yasunari</i></span>, 11 June 1899<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 16 April 1972<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</span> was a <a href="/wiki/Japanese_people" title="Japanese people">Japanese</a> <a href="/wiki/Novelist" title="Novelist">novelist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Short_story" title="Short story">short story</a> writer whose spare, lyrical, subtly-shaded prose works won him the <a href="/wiki/1968_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1968 Nobel Prize in Literature">1968 Nobel Prize in Literature</a>, the first Japanese author to receive the award. His works have enjoyed broad international appeal and are still widely read. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasunari_Kawabata&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasunari_Kawabata_1917.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Yasunari_Kawabata_1917.jpg/170px-Yasunari_Kawabata_1917.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Yasunari_Kawabata_1917.jpg/255px-Yasunari_Kawabata_1917.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Yasunari_Kawabata_1917.jpg 2x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="333" /></a><figcaption>Kawabata in 1917</figcaption></figure> <p>Born into a well-established family in <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a>, Japan,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kawabata was orphaned by the time he was four, after which he lived with his grandparents. He had an older sister who was taken in by an aunt, and whom he met only once thereafter, in July 1909, when he was ten. She died when Kawabata was 11. Kawabata's grandmother died in September 1906, when he was seven, and his grandfather in May 1914, when he was fifteen. </p><p>Having lost all close paternal relatives, Kawabata moved in with his mother's family, the Kurodas. However, in January 1916, he moved into a boarding house near the junior high school (comparable to a modern high school) to which he had formerly commuted by train. After graduating in March 1917, Kawabata moved to <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> just before his 18th birthday. He hoped to pass the exams for <i>Dai-ichi Kōtō-gakkō</i> (First Upper School), which was under the direction of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tokyo" title="University of Tokyo">Tokyo Imperial University</a>. He succeeded in the exam the same year and entered the Humanities Faculty as an English major in July 1920. The young Kawabata, by this time, was enamoured of the works of another Asian Nobel laureate, <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HatsuyoIto2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/HatsuyoIto2.jpg/150px-HatsuyoIto2.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="367" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/HatsuyoIto2.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="165" data-file-height="404" /></a><figcaption>Hatsuyo Itō (1906-1951), to whom Kawabata was briefly engaged in 1921. She was the <a href="/wiki/Unrequited_love" title="Unrequited love">unrequited love</a> of his life and may have influenced some of his works.</figcaption></figure> <p>One of Kawabata's painful love episodes was with Hatsuyo Itō<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E8%97%A4%E5%88%9D%E4%BB%A3" class="extiw" title="ja:伊藤初代">伊藤初代</a></span></span>, 1906–1951)</span>, whom he met when he was 20 years old. They were engaged to be married in 1921, but only one month later Hatsuyo broke off the engagement for unclear reasons. Kawabata never completely recovered from the blow of losing her. Hatsuyo may have been the inspiration for some of his works, including the novella <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dancing_Girl_of_Izu" title="The Dancing Girl of Izu">The Dancing Girl of Izu</a></i> and several <i><a href="/wiki/Palm-of-the-Hand_Stories" title="Palm-of-the-Hand Stories">Palm-of-the-Hand Stories</a></i>. She died following complications from a stroke in 1951, aged 44, but Kawabata was not informed of her death until 1955. An unsent love letter to her was found at his former residence in Kamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture, in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While still a university student, Kawabata re-established the Tokyo University literary magazine <i>Shin-shichō</i> (<i>New Tide of Thought</i>), which had been defunct for more than four years. There he published his first short story, "Shokonsai ikkei" ("A View from Yasukuni Festival") in 1921. During university, he changed faculties to <a href="/wiki/Japanese_literature" title="Japanese literature">Japanese literature</a> and wrote a graduation thesis titled "A short history of Japanese novels". He graduated from university in March 1924, by which time he had already caught the attention of <a href="/wiki/Kikuchi_Kan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kikuchi Kan">Kikuchi Kan</a> and other noted writers and editors through his submissions to Kikuchi's <a href="/wiki/Literary_magazine" title="Literary magazine">literary magazine</a>, the <i>Bungei Shunju</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="New_writing_movement">New writing movement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasunari_Kawabata&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: New writing movement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 1924, Kawabata, <a href="/wiki/Riichi_Yokomitsu" title="Riichi Yokomitsu">Riichi Yokomitsu</a> and other young writers started a new literary journal <i>Bungei Jidai</i> (<i>The Artistic Age</i>). This journal was a reaction to the entrenched old school of Japanese literature, specifically the Japanese movement descended from <a href="/wiki/Naturalism_(literature)" title="Naturalism (literature)">Naturalism</a>, while it also stood in opposition to the "workers'" or <a href="/wiki/Proletarian_literature" title="Proletarian literature">proletarian literature</a> movement of the Socialist/Communist schools. It was an "<a href="/wiki/Art_for_art%27s_sake" title="Art for art's sake">art for art's sake</a>" movement, influenced by European <a href="/wiki/Cubism" title="Cubism">Cubism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Expressionism" title="Expressionism">Expressionism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dada" title="Dada">Dada</a>, and other <a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">modernist</a> styles. The term <i><a href="/wiki/Shinkankakuha" title="Shinkankakuha">Shinkankakuha</a></i>, which Kawabata and Yokomitsu used to describe their philosophy, has often been mistakenly translated into English as "Neo-<a href="/wiki/Impressionism" title="Impressionism">Impressionism</a>". However, <i>Shinkankakuha</i> was not meant to be an updated or restored version of Impressionism; it focused on offering "new impressions" or, more accurately, "new sensations" or "new perceptions" in the writing of literature.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An early example from this period is the draft of <i>Hoshi wo nusunda chichi</i> (The Father who stole a Star), an adaption of <a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Moln%C3%A1r" title="Ferenc Molnár">Ferenc Molnár</a>'s play <i><a href="/wiki/Liliom" title="Liliom">Liliom</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasunari_Kawabata&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasunari_Kawabata_1930%2Bwife_and_sister.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Yasunari_Kawabata_1930%2Bwife_and_sister.jpg/220px-Yasunari_Kawabata_1930%2Bwife_and_sister.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Yasunari_Kawabata_1930%2Bwife_and_sister.jpg/330px-Yasunari_Kawabata_1930%2Bwife_and_sister.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Yasunari_Kawabata_1930%2Bwife_and_sister.jpg/440px-Yasunari_Kawabata_1930%2Bwife_and_sister.jpg 2x" data-file-width="586" data-file-height="635" /></a><figcaption>Kawabata with his future wife Hideko (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">秀子</span></span>) to his left and her younger sister Kimiko (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">君子</span></span>) to his right (1930).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasunari_Kawabata_c1932.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Yasunari_Kawabata_c1932.jpg/150px-Yasunari_Kawabata_c1932.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Yasunari_Kawabata_c1932.jpg/225px-Yasunari_Kawabata_c1932.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Yasunari_Kawabata_c1932.jpg/300px-Yasunari_Kawabata_c1932.jpg 2x" data-file-width="684" data-file-height="1218" /></a><figcaption>Kawabata c. 1932</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasunari_Kawabata_c1946.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Yasunari_Kawabata_c1946.jpg/220px-Yasunari_Kawabata_c1946.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Yasunari_Kawabata_c1946.jpg/330px-Yasunari_Kawabata_c1946.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Yasunari_Kawabata_c1946.jpg/440px-Yasunari_Kawabata_c1946.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="806" /></a><figcaption>Kawabata at work at his house in Hase, Kamakura (1946)</figcaption></figure> <p>Kawabata started to achieve recognition for a number of his short stories shortly after he graduated, receiving acclaim for "<a href="/wiki/The_Dancing_Girl_of_Izu" title="The Dancing Girl of Izu">The Dancing Girl of Izu</a>" in 1926, a story about a melancholy student who, on a walking trip down <a href="/wiki/Izu_Peninsula" title="Izu Peninsula">Izu Peninsula</a>, meets a young dancer, and returns to Tokyo in much improved spirits. The work explores the dawning eroticism of young love but includes shades of melancholy and even bitterness, which offset what might have otherwise been an overly sweet story. Most of his subsequent works explored similar themes. </p><p>In the 1920s, Kawabata was living in the plebeian district of <a href="/wiki/Asakusa" title="Asakusa">Asakusa</a>, Tokyo. During this period, Kawabata experimented with different styles of writing. In <i><a href="/wiki/Asakusa_kurenaidan" class="mw-redirect" title="Asakusa kurenaidan">Asakusa kurenaidan</a></i> (<i>The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa</i>), serialized from 1929 to 1930, he explores the lives of the <a href="/wiki/Demimonde" title="Demimonde">demimonde</a> and others on the fringe of society, in a style echoing that of late <a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a> literature. On the other hand, his <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Suishō gensō</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%99%B6%E5%B9%BB%E6%83%B3" class="extiw" title="ja:水晶幻想">水晶幻想</a></span></span>, <i>Crystal Fantasy</i>)</span> is pure <a href="/wiki/Stream-of-consciousness_writing" class="mw-redirect" title="Stream-of-consciousness writing">stream-of-consciousness writing</a>. He was even involved in writing the script for the experimental film <i><a href="/wiki/A_Page_of_Madness" title="A Page of Madness">A Page of Madness</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kawabata met his wife Hideko (née Matsubayashi) in 1925, and they registered their marriage on 2 December 1931. </p><p>In 1933, Kawabata protested publicly against the arrest, torture and death of the young leftist writer <a href="/wiki/Takiji_Kobayashi" title="Takiji Kobayashi">Takiji Kobayashi</a> in Tokyo by the <a href="/wiki/Tokubetsu_K%C5%8Dt%C5%8D_Keisatsu" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokubetsu Kōtō Keisatsu">Tokkō</a> special political police. </p><p>Kawabata relocated from Asakusa to <a href="/wiki/Kamakura,_Kanagawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamakura, Kanagawa">Kamakura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanagawa_Prefecture" title="Kanagawa Prefecture">Kanagawa Prefecture</a>, in 1934 and, although he initially enjoyed a very active social life among the many other writers and literary people residing in that city during the war years and immediately thereafter, in his later years he became very reclusive. </p><p>One of his most famous novels was <i><a href="/wiki/Snow_Country" title="Snow Country">Snow Country</a></i>, started in 1934 and first published in installments from 1935 through 1937. <i>Snow Country</i> is a stark tale of a love affair between a Tokyo dilettante and a provincial <a href="/wiki/Geisha" title="Geisha">geisha</a>, which takes place in a remote hot-spring town somewhere in the mountainous regions of northern Japan. It established Kawabata as one of Japan's foremost authors and became an instant classic, described by <a href="/wiki/Edward_G._Seidensticker" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward G. Seidensticker">Edward G. Seidensticker</a> as "perhaps Kawabata's masterpiece".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the end of World War II, Kawabata's success continued with novels such as <i><a href="/wiki/Thousand_Cranes" title="Thousand Cranes">Thousand Cranes</a></i> (a story of ill-fated love), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sound_of_the_Mountain" title="The Sound of the Mountain">The Sound of the Mountain</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_House_of_the_Sleeping_Beauties" title="The House of the Sleeping Beauties">The House of the Sleeping Beauties</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Beauty_and_Sadness_(novel)" title="Beauty and Sadness (novel)">Beauty and Sadness</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Capital" title="The Old Capital">The Old Capital</a></i>. </p><p><i>Thousand Cranes</i> (serialized 1949-1951) is centered on the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_tea_ceremony" title="Japanese tea ceremony">Japanese tea ceremony</a> and hopeless love. The protagonist is attracted to the mistress of his dead father and, after her death, to her daughter, who flees from him. The tea ceremony provides a beautiful background for ugly human affairs, but Kawabata's intent is rather to explore feelings about death. The tea ceremony utensils are permanent and forever, whereas people are frail and fleeting. These themes of impossible love and impending death are again explored in <i>The Sound of the Mountain</i> (serialized 1949-1954), set in Kawabata's adopted home of Kamakura. The protagonist, an aging man, has become disappointed with his children and no longer feels strong passion for his wife. He is strongly attracted to someone forbidden – his daughter-in-law – and his thoughts for her are interspersed with memories of another forbidden love, for his dead sister-in-law. </p><p>The book that Kawabata himself considered his finest work,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Master_of_Go" title="The Master of Go">The Master of Go</a></i> (1951), contrasts sharply with his other works. It is a semi-fictional recounting of a major <a href="/wiki/Go_(board_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Go (board game)">Go</a> match in 1938, on which he had actually reported for the <i>Mainichi</i> newspaper chain. It was the last game of master <a href="/wiki/Honinbo_Shusai" class="mw-redirect" title="Honinbo Shusai">Shūsai</a>'s career and he lost to his younger challenger, <a href="/wiki/Minoru_Kitani" title="Minoru Kitani">Minoru Kitani</a>, only to die a little over a year later. Although the novel is moving on the surface as a retelling of a climactic struggle, some readers consider it a symbolic parallel to the defeat of Japan in World War II. </p><p>Through many of Kawabata's works the sense of distance in his life is represented. He often gives the impression that his characters have built up a wall around them that moves them into isolation. In a 1934 published work Kawabata wrote: "I feel as though I have never held a woman's hand in a romantic sense [...] Am I a happy man deserving of pity?”.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Indeed, this does not have to be taken literally, but it does show the type of emotional insecurity that Kawabata felt, especially experiencing two painful love affairs at a young age. </p><p>Kawabata left many of his stories apparently unfinished, sometimes to the annoyance of readers and reviewers, but this goes hand to hand with his aesthetics of art for art's sake, leaving outside any sentimentalism, or morality, that an ending would give to any book. This was done intentionally, as Kawabata felt that vignettes of incidents along the way were far more important than conclusions. He equated his form of writing with the traditional poetry of Japan, the <a href="/wiki/Haiku" title="Haiku">haiku</a>. </p><p>In addition to fictional writing, Kawabata also worked as a reporter, most notably for the <i><a href="/wiki/Mainichi_Shimbun" title="Mainichi Shimbun">Mainichi Shimbun</a></i>. Although he refused to participate in the militaristic fervor that accompanied <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, he also demonstrated little interest in postwar political reforms. Along with the death of all his family members while he was young, Kawabata suggested that the war was one of the greatest influences on his work, stating he would be able to write only elegies in postwar Japan. Still, many commentators detect little thematic change between Kawabata's prewar and postwar writings. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasunari_Kawabata&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the president of Japanese <a href="/wiki/International_PEN" class="mw-redirect" title="International PEN">P.E.N.</a> for many years after the war (1948–1965), Kawabata was a driving force behind the translation of Japanese literature into English and other Western languages. He was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Goethe_Plaque_of_the_City_of_Frankfurt" title="Goethe Plaque of the City of Frankfurt">Goethe Plaque of the City of Frankfurt</a> in 1959, appointed an Officer of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Arts_and_Letters" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Arts and Letters">Order of Arts and Letters</a> of France in 1960,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and awarded Japan's <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Culture" title="Order of Culture">Order of Culture</a> the following year.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1969, Kawabata was awarded an honorary doctorate by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hawai%CA%BBi" title="University of Hawaiʻi">University of Hawaiʻi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nobel_Prize">Nobel Prize</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasunari_Kawabata&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Nobel Prize"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kawabata_Yasunari_1968.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Kawabata_Yasunari_1968.jpg/220px-Kawabata_Yasunari_1968.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Kawabata_Yasunari_1968.jpg/330px-Kawabata_Yasunari_1968.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Kawabata_Yasunari_1968.jpg/440px-Kawabata_Yasunari_1968.jpg 2x" data-file-width="654" data-file-height="951" /></a><figcaption>Kawabata in 1968</figcaption></figure> <p>Kawabata was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature on 16 October 1968, the first Japanese person to receive such a distinction.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In awarding the prize "for his narrative mastery, which with great sensibility expresses the essence of the Japanese mind", the Nobel Committee cited three of his novels, <i>Snow Country</i>, <i>Thousand Cranes</i>, and <i>The Old Capital</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kawabata's Nobel Lecture was titled "Japan, The Beautiful and Myself"<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E3%81%97%E3%81%84%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%81%AE%E7%A7%81%E2%80%95%E3%81%9D%E3%81%AE%E5%BA%8F%E8%AA%AC" class="extiw" title="ja:美しい日本の私―その序説">美しい日本の私―その序説</a></span></span>)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Zen_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Zen Buddhism">Zen Buddhism</a> was a key focal point of the speech; much was devoted to practitioners and the general practices of Zen Buddhism and how it differed from other types of Buddhism. He presented a severe picture of Zen Buddhism, where disciples can enter salvation only through their efforts, where they are isolated for several hours at a time, and how from this isolation there can come beauty. He noted that Zen practices focus on simplicity and it is this simplicity that proves to be the beauty. "The heart of the ink painting is in space, abbreviation, what is left undrawn." From painting he moved on to talk about <a href="/wiki/Ikebana" title="Ikebana">ikebana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bonsai" title="Bonsai">bonsai</a> as art forms that emphasize the elegance and beauty that arises from the simplicity. "The <a href="/wiki/Japanese_garden" title="Japanese garden">Japanese garden</a>, too, of course symbolizes the vastness of nature."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to the numerous mentions of Zen and nature, one topic that was briefly mentioned in Kawabata's lecture was that of suicide. Kawabata reminisced of other famous Japanese authors who committed suicide, in particular <a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%ABnosuke_Akutagawa" title="Ryūnosuke Akutagawa">Ryūnosuke Akutagawa</a>. He contradicted the custom of suicide as being a form of enlightenment, mentioning the priest <a href="/wiki/Ikky%C5%AB" title="Ikkyū">Ikkyū</a>, who also thought of suicide twice. He quoted Ikkyū, "Among those who give thoughts to things, is there one who does not think of suicide?"<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was much speculation about this quote being a clue to Kawabata's suicide in 1972, a year and a half after <a href="/wiki/Yukio_Mishima" title="Yukio Mishima">Mishima</a> had committed suicide.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasunari_Kawabata&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kawabata apparently committed suicide in 1972 by <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">gassing</a> himself, but several close associates and friends, including his widow, consider his death to have been accidental. One thesis, as advanced by <a href="/wiki/Donald_Richie" title="Donald Richie">Donald Richie</a>, was that he mistakenly unplugged the gas tap while preparing a bath. Many theories have been advanced as to his potential reasons for killing himself, among them poor health (the discovery he had <a href="/wiki/Parkinson%27s_disease" title="Parkinson's disease">Parkinson's disease</a>), a possible illicit love affair, or the shock caused by the suicide of his friend <a href="/wiki/Yukio_Mishima" title="Yukio Mishima">Yukio Mishima</a> in 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-Keene2005_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keene2005-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike Mishima, Kawabata left no note, and since (again unlike Mishima) he had not discussed significantly in his writings the topic of taking his own life, his motives remain unclear. However, his Japanese biographer, <a href="/wiki/Takeo_Okuno" title="Takeo Okuno">Takeo Okuno</a>, has related how he had <a href="/wiki/Nightmares" class="mw-redirect" title="Nightmares">nightmares</a> about Mishima for two or three hundred nights in a row, and was incessantly haunted by the <a href="/wiki/Ghost" title="Ghost">specter</a> of Mishima. In a persistently depressed state of mind, he would tell friends during his last years that sometimes, when on a journey, he hoped his plane would crash.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_works">Selected works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasunari_Kawabata&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Selected works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kawabata's works have been translated into languages such as English, French, German, and Turkish, Korean.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Japanese Title </th> <th>English Title </th> <th>English Translation </th></tr> <tr> <td>1926 </td> <td><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">伊豆の踊子</span></span><br /><i>Izu no odoriko</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dancing_Girl_of_Izu" title="The Dancing Girl of Izu">The Dancing Girl of Izu</a></i> </td> <td>1955, 1997 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1930 </td> <td><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">浅草紅團</span></span><br /><i>Asakusa kurenaidan</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Scarlet_Gang_of_Asakusa" title="The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa">The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa</a></i> </td> <td>2005 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1935–1937,<br />1947 </td> <td><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">雪国</span></span><br /><i>Yukiguni</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_Country" title="Snow Country">Snow Country</a></i> </td> <td>1956 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1949–1952 </td> <td><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">千羽鶴</span></span><br /><i>Senbazuru</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Thousand_Cranes" title="Thousand Cranes">Thousand Cranes</a></i> </td> <td>1958 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1949–1954 </td> <td><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">山の音</span></span><br /><i>Yama no oto</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sound_of_the_Mountain" title="The Sound of the Mountain">The Sound of the Mountain</a></i> </td> <td>1970 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1950–1951 </td> <td>虹いくたび <p><i>Niji ikutabi</i> </p> </td> <td><i>The Rainbow</i> </td> <td>2023 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1951–1954 </td> <td><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">名人</span></span><br /><i>Meijin</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Master_of_Go" title="The Master of Go">The Master of Go</a></i> </td> <td>1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1954 </td> <td><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">みづうみ（みずうみ）</span></span><br /><i>Mizuumi</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lake_(Kawabata_novel)" title="The Lake (Kawabata novel)">The Lake</a></i> </td> <td>1974 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1961 </td> <td><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">眠れる美女</span></span><br /><i>Nemureru bijo</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_House_of_the_Sleeping_Beauties" title="The House of the Sleeping Beauties">The House of the Sleeping Beauties</a></i> </td> <td>1969 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1962 </td> <td><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">古都</span></span><br /><i>Koto</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Capital" title="The Old Capital">The Old Capital</a></i> </td> <td>1987, 2006 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1964 </td> <td><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">美しさと哀しみと</span></span><br /><i>Utsukushisa to kanashimi to</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Beauty_and_Sadness_(novel)" title="Beauty and Sadness (novel)">Beauty and Sadness</a></i> </td> <td>1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1964 </td> <td><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">片腕</span></span><br /><i>Kataude</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/One_Arm" title="One Arm">One Arm</a></i> </td> <td>1969 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1964–1968, 1972 </td> <td><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">たんぽぽ</span></span><br /><i>Tanpopo</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Tanpopo_(novel)" title="Tanpopo (novel)">Dandelions</a></i> </td> <td>2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1923–1972 </td> <td><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">掌の小説</span></span><br /><i>Tanagokoro no shōsetsu</i><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Palm-of-the-Hand_Stories" title="Palm-of-the-Hand Stories">Palm-of-the-Hand Stories</a></i> </td> <td>1988<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasunari_Kawabata&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Book_collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Book_collection.jpg/32px-Book_collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Book_collection.jpg/48px-Book_collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Book_collection.jpg/64px-Book_collection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="299" data-file-height="238" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Novels" title="Portal:Novels">Novels portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/32px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/48px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/64px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Japan" title="Portal:Japan">Japan portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_Nobel_laureates_and_nominees" title="List of Japanese Nobel laureates and nominees">List of Japanese Nobel laureates and nominees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_university_affiliation" title="List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation">List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Moon_in_the_Water" title="The Moon in the Water">The Moon in the Water: Understanding Tanizaki, Kawabata, and Mishima</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasunari_Kawabata&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to his family register, he was born on 14 June 1899.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The original title is romanised either as <i>Tenohira no shōsetsu</i> or <i>Tanagokoro no shōsetsu</i>. Kawabata preferred the reading <i>tanagokoro</i> for the 掌 character.<sup id="cite_ref-metevelis_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-metevelis-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">An exemplary collection of 70 translated stories of the over 140 <i>Palm of the Hand Stories</i> was published in 1988. Single story translations had appeared before and after.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasunari_Kawabata&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1968/kawabata-facts.html">"Yasunari Kawabata - Facts"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yasunari+Kawabata+-+Facts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fliterature%2Flaureates%2F1968%2Fkawabata-facts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Sabur%C5%8D_Kawamoto" class="mw-redirect" title="Saburō Kawamoto">Saburō Kawamoto</a>, <i>Kawabata Yasunari: Explorer of Death and Beauty</i>, Japan Book News, No. 63, Spring 2010, p. 13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKirsch2011" class="citation magazine cs1">Kirsch, Adam (23 May 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/05/30/modern-magus">"Modern Magus"</a>. <i>The New Yorker</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-792X">0028-792X</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Modern+Magus&rft.date=2011-05-23&rft.issn=0028-792X&rft.aulast=Kirsch&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2011%2F05%2F30%2Fmodern-magus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amielleon.tumblr.com/post/103598296208/yasunari-kawabatas-unsent-love-letter">"Kawabata's unsent love letter found"</a>. The Japan News by The Yomiuri Shimbun. 8 July 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kawabata%27s+unsent+love+letter+found&rft.pub=The+Japan+News+by+The+Yomiuri+Shimbun&rft.date=2014-07-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famielleon.tumblr.com%2Fpost%2F103598296208%2Fyasunari-kawabatas-unsent-love-letter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Okubo Takaki (2004), <i>Kawabata Yasunari—Utsukushi Nihon no Watashi</i>. Minerva Shobo</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140126214501/http://info.japantimes.co.jp/text/nn20120715b3.html">"Draft confirmed as Kawabata novel"</a>. <i>The Japan Times</i>. 15 July 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info.japantimes.co.jp/text/nn20120715b3.html">the original</a> on 26 January 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Japan+Times&rft.atitle=Draft+confirmed+as+Kawabata+novel&rft.date=2012-07-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finfo.japantimes.co.jp%2Ftext%2Fnn20120715b3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerow2008" class="citation book cs1">Gerow, Aaron (2008). <i>A Page of Madness: Cinema and Modernity in 1920s Japan</i>. Center for Japanese Studies, University of Michigan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-929280-51-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-929280-51-3"><bdi>978-1-929280-51-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Page+of+Madness%3A+Cinema+and+Modernity+in+1920s+Japan&rft.pub=Center+for+Japanese+Studies%2C+University+of+Michigan&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-929280-51-3&rft.aulast=Gerow&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKawabata2013" class="citation book cs1">Kawabata, Yasunari (26 February 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SDAA_TDs83gC"><i>Snow Country</i></a>. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. pp. x. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-83362-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-83362-4"><bdi>978-0-307-83362-4</bdi></a>. <q>Snow Country is perhaps Kawabata's masterpiece.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Snow+Country&rft.pages=x&rft.pub=Knopf+Doubleday+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2013-02-26&rft.isbn=978-0-307-83362-4&rft.aulast=Kawabata&rft.aufirst=Yasunari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSDAA_TDs83gC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See the first postscript of his letter to <a href="/wiki/Harold_Strauss" title="Harold Strauss">Harold Strauss</a> of 3 April 1972, reprinted in <span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">川端康成全集補巻二</span></span> (Kawabata Yasunari zenshū hokan ni), <a href="/wiki/Shinch%C5%8Dsha" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinchōsha">Shinchōsha</a>, Tōkyō 1984, p. 372.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFee2022" class="citation web cs1">Fee, Will (16 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2022/04/16/books/kawabata-50-anniversary/">"Japan's first Nobel literature laureate a towering figure 50 years after death"</a>. <i>The Japan Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Japan+Times&rft.atitle=Japan%27s+first+Nobel+literature+laureate+a+towering+figure+50+years+after+death&rft.date=2022-04-16&rft.aulast=Fee&rft.aufirst=Will&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Fculture%2F2022%2F04%2F16%2Fbooks%2Fkawabata-50-anniversary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Neil2004" class="citation book cs1">O'Neil, Patrick M. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SarqNNbC3GUC&dq=kawabata+french+translated&pg=PA697"><i>Great World Writers: Twentieth Century</i></a>. Marshall Cavendish. p. 697. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7473-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7473-9"><bdi>978-0-7614-7473-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Great+World+Writers%3A+Twentieth+Century&rft.pages=697&rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-7614-7473-9&rft.aulast=O%27Neil&rft.aufirst=Patrick+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSarqNNbC3GUC%26dq%3Dkawabata%2Bfrench%2Btranslated%26pg%3DPA697&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=a0woAAAAIBAJ&pg=1816,5375735&dq=kawabata+nobel+prize+november+1968&hl=en">"Japanese Writer Wins Nobel Prize"</a>. <i>The Owosso Argus-Press</i>. Associated Press. 16 October 1968<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Owosso+Argus-Press&rft.atitle=Japanese+Writer+Wins+Nobel+Prize&rft.date=1968-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Da0woAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1816%2C5375735%26dq%3Dkawabata%2Bnobel%2Bprize%2Bnovember%2B1968%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1968/press.html">"Nobelprize.org"</a>. <i>www.nobelprize.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nobelprize.org&rft.atitle=Nobelprize.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fliterature%2Flaureates%2F1968%2Fpress.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKawabata1968" class="citation web cs1">Kawabata, Yasunari (12 December 1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1968/kawabata-lecture.html">"Japan, the Beautiful and Myself"</a>. Nobel Media<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japan%2C+the+Beautiful+and+Myself&rft.pub=Nobel+Media&rft.date=1968-12-12&rft.aulast=Kawabata&rft.aufirst=Yasunari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fliterature%2Flaureates%2F1968%2Fkawabata-lecture.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Tmk8AAAAMAAJ"><i>Japan Report</i></a>. Japan Information Center, Consulate General of Japan. 1968. p. 4.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japan+Report&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Japan+Information+Center%2C+Consulate+General+of+Japan&rft.date=1968&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTmk8AAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Keene2005-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Keene2005_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonald_Keene2005" class="citation book cs1">Donald Keene (June 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Pd_yLuplcKIC&pg=PA24"><i>Five Modern Japanese Novelists</i></a>. Columbia University Press. p. 26. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-12611-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-12611-3"><bdi>978-0-231-12611-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Five+Modern+Japanese+Novelists&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2005-06&rft.isbn=978-0-231-12611-3&rft.au=Donald+Keene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPd_yLuplcKIC%26pg%3DPA24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiyashitaESEN2019" class="citation book cs1">Miyashita, Ryō; ESEN, Esin (31 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DV00EAAAQBAJ&dq=%22snow+country%22+%22translated+into%22&pg=PA32"><i>Shaping the Field of Translation In Japanese ↔ Turkish Contexts II</i></a>. Peter Lang. p. 32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-631-78173-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-631-78173-9"><bdi>978-3-631-78173-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shaping+the+Field+of+Translation+In+Japanese+%E2%86%94+Turkish+Contexts+II&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=Peter+Lang&rft.date=2019-05-31&rft.isbn=978-3-631-78173-9&rft.aulast=Miyashita&rft.aufirst=Ry%C5%8D&rft.au=ESEN%2C+Esin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDV00EAAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522snow%2Bcountry%2522%2B%2522translated%2Binto%2522%26pg%3DPA32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-metevelis-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-metevelis_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMetevelis1994" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Metevelis, Peter (April 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/openview/ec6059322e9def1a138a625be8af07ad/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=48231"><i>Translating Kawabata's Thenar stories</i></a>. Vol. 41/#2. Tokyo: Japan Quarterly. p. 181<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Translating+Kawabata%27s+Thenar+stories&rft.place=Tokyo&rft.pages=181&rft.pub=Japan+Quarterly&rft.date=1994-04&rft.aulast=Metevelis&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fopenview%2Fec6059322e9def1a138a625be8af07ad%2F1%3Fpq-origsite%3Dgscholar%26cbl%3D48231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKawabata1988" class="citation book cs1">Kawabata, Yasunari (1988). <i>Palm of the Hand Stories</i>. Translated by Dunlop, Lane; Holman, J. Martin. Rutland, Vermont, & Tokyo: Charles E. Tuttle.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Palm+of+the+Hand+Stories&rft.place=Rutland%2C+Vermont%2C+%26+Tokyo&rft.pub=Charles+E.+Tuttle&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Kawabata&rft.aufirst=Yasunari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasunari+Kawabata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasunari_Kawabata&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Keene" title="Donald Keene">Keene, Donald</a> (1984). <i>Dawn to the West: Japanese Literature of the Modern Era; Vol. 1: Fiction</i>, "Kawabata Yasunari" pp. 786–845</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Starrs" title="Roy Starrs">Starrs, Roy</a> (1998) <i>Soundings in Time: The Fictive Art of Kawabata Yasunari</i>, University of Hawai'i Press/RoutledgeCurzon</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasunari_Kawabata&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kawabata_Yasunari" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kawabata Yasunari">Kawabata Yasunari</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> Quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Yasunari_Kawabata" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Special:Search/Yasunari Kawabata">Yasunari Kawabata</a> at Wikiquote</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/laureate/642">Yasunari Kawabata</a> on Nobelprize.org <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43736#P8024" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> including the Nobel Lecture, 12 December 1968 <i>Japan, the Beautiful and Myself</i></li> <li>Petri Liukkonen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://authorscalendar.info/kawabata.htm">"Yasunari Kawabata"</a>. <i>Books and Writers</i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.kamakura.kanagawa.jp/bunka/bunjinroku/kawabata_e.htm">Literary Figures of Kamakura</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061001135738/http://www.city.kamakura.kanagawa.jp/bunka/bunjinroku/kawabata_e.htm">Archived</a> 1 October 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.horror-house.jp/e/cat4/yasunari-kawabata-18991972.html">Yasunari Kawabata's grave</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Template:Yasunari Kawabata"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Template talk:Yasunari Kawabata"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yasunari Kawabata"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Works_by_Yasunari_Kawabata60" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Works by <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yasunari Kawabata</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dancing_Girl_of_Izu" title="The Dancing Girl of Izu">The Dancing Girl of Izu</a></i> (1926)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Scarlet_Gang_of_Asakusa" title="The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa">The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa</a></i> (1930)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_Country" title="Snow Country">Snow Country</a></i> (1935–1937), (1947)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thousand_Cranes" title="Thousand Cranes">Thousand Cranes</a></i> (1949–1952)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sound_of_the_Mountain" title="The Sound of the Mountain">The Sound of the Mountain</a></i> (1949–1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Master_of_Go" title="The Master of Go">The Master of Go</a></i> (1951–1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lake_(Kawabata_novel)" title="The Lake (Kawabata novel)">The Lake</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_House_of_the_Sleeping_Beauties" title="The House of the Sleeping Beauties">The House of the Sleeping Beauties</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Capital" title="The Old Capital">The Old Capital</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beauty_and_Sadness_(novel)" title="Beauty and Sadness (novel)">Beauty and Sadness</a></i> (1961–1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tanpopo_(novel)" title="Tanpopo (novel)">Dandelion</a></i> (1964, 1972)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short stories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/One_Arm" title="One Arm">One Arm</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Palm-of-the-Hand_Stories" title="Palm-of-the-Hand Stories">Palm-of-the-Hand Stories</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sound_of_the_Mountain" title="Sound of the Mountain">Sound of the Mountain</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Izu_no_odoriko_(1954_film)" title="Izu no odoriko (1954 film)">The Dancing Girl of Izu</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_Country_(film)" title="Snow Country (film)">Snow Country</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Twin_Sisters_of_Kyoto" title="Twin Sisters of Kyoto">Twin Sisters of Kyoto</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/With_Beauty_and_Sorrow" title="With Beauty and Sorrow">With Beauty and Sorrow</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Woman_of_the_Lake" title="Woman of the Lake">Woman of the Lake</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Izu_no_Odoriko_(1974_film)" title="Izu no Odoriko (1974 film)">The Dancing Girl of Izu</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Koto_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Koto (film)">Koto</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty_(2011_film)" title="Sleeping Beauty (2011 film)">Sleeping Beauty</a></i> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laureates_of_the_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature168" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Template:Nobel Prize in Literature"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Template talk:Nobel Prize in Literature"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nobel Prize in Literature"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laureates_of_the_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature168" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_in_Literature" title="List of Nobel laureates in Literature">Laureates</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901–1920</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1901_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1901 Nobel Prize in Literature">1901</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sully_Prudhomme" title="Sully Prudhomme">Sully Prudhomme</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1902_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1902 Nobel Prize in Literature">1902</a>: <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Mommsen" title="Theodor Mommsen">Theodor Mommsen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1903_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1903 Nobel Prize in Literature">1903</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B8rnstjerne_Bj%C3%B8rnson" title="Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson">Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1904_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1904 Nobel Prize in Literature">1904</a>: <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mistral" title="Frédéric Mistral">Frédéric Mistral</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Echegaray" title="José Echegaray">José Echegaray</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1905_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1905 Nobel Prize in Literature">1905</a>: <a href="/wiki/Henryk_Sienkiewicz" title="Henryk Sienkiewicz">Henryk Sienkiewicz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1906_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1906 Nobel Prize in Literature">1906</a>: <a href="/wiki/Giosu%C3%A8_Carducci" title="Giosuè Carducci">Giosuè Carducci</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1907_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1907 Nobel Prize in Literature">1907</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rudyard_Kipling" title="Rudyard Kipling">Rudyard Kipling</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1908_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1908 Nobel Prize in Literature">1908</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken">Rudolf Eucken</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1909_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1909 Nobel Prize in Literature">1909</a>: <a href="/wiki/Selma_Lagerl%C3%B6f" title="Selma Lagerlöf">Selma Lagerlöf</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1910_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1910 Nobel Prize in Literature">1910</a>: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Heyse" title="Paul Heyse">Paul Heyse</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1911_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1911 Nobel Prize in Literature">1911</a>: <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Maeterlinck" title="Maurice Maeterlinck">Maurice Maeterlinck</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1912_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1912 Nobel Prize in Literature">1912</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gerhart_Hauptmann" title="Gerhart Hauptmann">Gerhart Hauptmann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1913_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1913 Nobel Prize in Literature">1913</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><a href="/wiki/1914_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1914 Nobel Prize in Literature">1914</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1915_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1915 Nobel Prize in Literature">1915</a>: <a href="/wiki/Romain_Rolland" title="Romain Rolland">Romain Rolland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1916_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1916 Nobel Prize in Literature">1916</a>: <a href="/wiki/Verner_von_Heidenstam" title="Verner von Heidenstam">Verner von Heidenstam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1917_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1917 Nobel Prize in Literature">1917</a>: <a href="/wiki/Karl_Adolph_Gjellerup" title="Karl Adolph Gjellerup">Karl Gjellerup</a> / <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Pontoppidan" title="Henrik Pontoppidan">Henrik Pontoppidan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><a href="/wiki/1918_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1918 Nobel Prize in Literature">1918</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1919_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1919 Nobel Prize in Literature">1919</a>: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Spitteler" title="Carl Spitteler">Carl Spitteler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1920_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1920 Nobel Prize in Literature">1920</a>: <a href="/wiki/Knut_Hamsun" title="Knut Hamsun">Knut Hamsun</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1921–1940</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1921_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1921 Nobel Prize in Literature">1921</a>: <a href="/wiki/Anatole_France" title="Anatole France">Anatole France</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1922_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1922 Nobel Prize in Literature">1922</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jacinto_Benavente" title="Jacinto Benavente">Jacinto Benavente</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1923_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1923 Nobel Prize in Literature">1923</a>: <a href="/wiki/W._B._Yeats" title="W. B. Yeats">W. B. Yeats</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1923_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1923 Nobel Prize in Literature">1924</a>: <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Reymont" title="Władysław Reymont">Władysław Reymont</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1925_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1925 Nobel Prize in Literature">1925</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1926_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1926 Nobel Prize in Literature">1926</a>: <a href="/wiki/Grazia_Deledda" title="Grazia Deledda">Grazia Deledda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1927_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1927 Nobel Prize in Literature">1927</a>: <a href="/wiki/Henri_Bergson" title="Henri Bergson">Henri Bergson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1928_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1928 Nobel Prize in Literature">1928</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sigrid_Undset" title="Sigrid Undset">Sigrid Undset</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1929_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1929 Nobel Prize in Literature">1929</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Thomas Mann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1930_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1930 Nobel Prize in Literature">1930</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Lewis" title="Sinclair Lewis">Sinclair Lewis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1931_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1931 Nobel Prize in Literature">1931</a>: <a href="/wiki/Erik_Axel_Karlfeldt" title="Erik Axel Karlfeldt">Erik Axel Karlfeldt</a> (<i>posthumously</i>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1932_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1932 Nobel Prize in Literature">1932</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Galsworthy" title="John Galsworthy">John Galsworthy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1933_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1933 Nobel Prize in Literature">1933</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Bunin" title="Ivan Bunin">Ivan Bunin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1934_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1934 Nobel Prize in Literature">1934</a>: <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Pirandello" title="Luigi Pirandello">Luigi Pirandello</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><a href="/wiki/1935_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1935 Nobel Prize in Literature">1935</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1936_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1936 Nobel Prize in Literature">1936</a>: <a href="/wiki/Eugene_O%27Neill" title="Eugene O'Neill">Eugene O'Neill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1937_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1937 Nobel Prize in Literature">1937</a>: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Martin_du_Gard" title="Roger Martin du Gard">Roger Martin du Gard</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1938_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1938 Nobel Prize in Literature">1938</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pearl_S._Buck" title="Pearl S. Buck">Pearl S. Buck</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1939_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1939 Nobel Prize in Literature">1939</a>: <a href="/wiki/Frans_Eemil_Sillanp%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Frans Eemil Sillanpää">Frans Eemil Sillanpää</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><a href="/wiki/1940_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1940 Nobel Prize in Literature">1940</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1941–1960</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><a href="/wiki/1941_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1941 Nobel Prize in Literature">1941</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><a href="/wiki/1942_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1942 Nobel Prize in Literature">1942</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><a href="/wiki/1943_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1943 Nobel Prize in Literature">1943</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1944_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1944 Nobel Prize in Literature">1944</a>: <a href="/wiki/Johannes_V._Jensen" title="Johannes V. Jensen">Johannes V. Jensen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1945_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1945 Nobel Prize in Literature">1945</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Mistral" title="Gabriela Mistral">Gabriela Mistral</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1946_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1946 Nobel Prize in Literature">1946</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Hesse" title="Hermann Hesse">Hermann Hesse</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1947_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1947 Nobel Prize in Literature">1947</a>: <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gide" title="André Gide">André Gide</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1948_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1948 Nobel Prize in Literature">1948</a>: <a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">T. S. Eliot</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1949_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1949 Nobel Prize in Literature">1949</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Faulkner" title="William Faulkner">William Faulkner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1950_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1950 Nobel Prize in Literature">1950</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Bertrand Russell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1951_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1951 Nobel Prize in Literature">1951</a>: <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A4r_Lagerkvist" title="Pär Lagerkvist">Pär Lagerkvist</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1952_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1952 Nobel Prize in Literature">1952</a>: <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mauriac" title="François Mauriac">François Mauriac</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1953_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1953 Nobel Prize in Literature">1953</a>: <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1954_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1954 Nobel Prize in Literature">1954</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Ernest Hemingway</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1955_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1955 Nobel Prize in Literature">1955</a>: <a href="/wiki/Halld%C3%B3r_Laxness" title="Halldór Laxness">Halldór Laxness</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1956_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1956 Nobel Prize in Literature">1956</a>: <a href="/wiki/Juan_Ram%C3%B3n_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="Juan Ramón Jiménez">Juan Ramón Jiménez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1957_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1957 Nobel Prize in Literature">1957</a>: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Camus" title="Albert Camus">Albert Camus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1958_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1958 Nobel Prize in Literature">1958</a>: <a href="/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak">Boris Pasternak</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1959_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1959 Nobel Prize in Literature">1959</a>: <a href="/wiki/Salvatore_Quasimodo" title="Salvatore Quasimodo">Salvatore Quasimodo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1960_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1960 Nobel Prize in Literature">1960</a>: <a href="/wiki/Saint-John_Perse" title="Saint-John Perse">Saint-John Perse</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1961–1980</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1961_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1961 Nobel Prize in Literature">1961</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ivo_Andri%C4%87" title="Ivo Andrić">Ivo Andrić</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1962_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1962 Nobel Prize in Literature">1962</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Steinbeck" title="John Steinbeck">John Steinbeck</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1963_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1963 Nobel Prize in Literature">1963</a>: <a href="/wiki/Giorgos_Seferis" title="Giorgos Seferis">Giorgos Seferis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1964_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1964 Nobel Prize in Literature">1964</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Jean-Paul Sartre</a> (declined award)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1965_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1965 Nobel Prize in Literature">1965</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Sholokhov" title="Mikhail Sholokhov">Mikhail Sholokhov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1966_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1966 Nobel Prize in Literature">1966</a>: <a href="/wiki/Shmuel_Yosef_Agnon" title="Shmuel Yosef Agnon">Shmuel Yosef Agnon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nelly_Sachs" title="Nelly Sachs">Nelly Sachs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1967_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1967 Nobel Prize in Literature">1967</a>: <a href="/wiki/Miguel_%C3%81ngel_Asturias" title="Miguel Ángel Asturias">Miguel Ángel Asturias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1968_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1968 Nobel Prize in Literature">1968</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yasunari Kawabata</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1969_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1969 Nobel Prize in Literature">1969</a>: <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Beckett" title="Samuel Beckett">Samuel Beckett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1970_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1970 Nobel Prize in Literature">1970</a>: <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Solzhenitsyn" title="Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn">Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1971_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1971 Nobel Prize in Literature">1971</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Neruda" title="Pablo Neruda">Pablo Neruda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1972_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1972 Nobel Prize in Literature">1972</a>: <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_B%C3%B6ll" title="Heinrich Böll">Heinrich Böll</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1973_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1973 Nobel Prize in Literature">1973</a>: <a href="/wiki/Patrick_White" title="Patrick White">Patrick White</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1974_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1974 Nobel Prize in Literature">1974</a>: <a href="/wiki/Eyvind_Johnson" title="Eyvind Johnson">Eyvind Johnson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harry_Martinson" title="Harry Martinson">Harry Martinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1975_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1975 Nobel Prize in Literature">1975</a>: <a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Montale" title="Eugenio Montale">Eugenio Montale</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1976_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1976 Nobel Prize in Literature">1976</a>: <a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Saul Bellow</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1977_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1977 Nobel Prize in Literature">1977</a>: <a href="/wiki/Vicente_Aleixandre" title="Vicente Aleixandre">Vicente Aleixandre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1978_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1978 Nobel Prize in Literature">1978</a>: <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Bashevis_Singer" title="Isaac Bashevis Singer">Isaac Bashevis Singer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1979_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1979 Nobel Prize in Literature">1979</a>: <a href="/wiki/Odysseas_Elytis" title="Odysseas Elytis">Odysseas Elytis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1980_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1980 Nobel Prize in Literature">1980</a>: <a href="/wiki/Czes%C5%82aw_Mi%C5%82osz" title="Czesław Miłosz">Czesław Miłosz</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1981–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1981_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1981 Nobel Prize in Literature">1981</a>: <a href="/wiki/Elias_Canetti" title="Elias Canetti">Elias Canetti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1982_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1982 Nobel Prize in Literature">1982</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Garc%C3%ADa_M%C3%A1rquez" title="Gabriel García Márquez">Gabriel García Márquez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1983_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1983 Nobel Prize in Literature">1983</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding">William Golding</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1984_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1984 Nobel Prize in Literature">1984</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Seifert" title="Jaroslav Seifert">Jaroslav Seifert</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1985_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1985 Nobel Prize in Literature">1985</a>: <a href="/wiki/Claude_Simon" title="Claude Simon">Claude Simon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1986_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1986 Nobel Prize in Literature">1986</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wole_Soyinka" title="Wole Soyinka">Wole Soyinka</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1987_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1987 Nobel Prize in Literature">1987</a>: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brodsky" title="Joseph Brodsky">Joseph Brodsky</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1988_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1988 Nobel Prize in Literature">1988</a>: <a href="/wiki/Naguib_Mahfouz" title="Naguib Mahfouz">Naguib Mahfouz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1989_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1989 Nobel Prize in Literature">1989</a>: <a href="/wiki/Camilo_Jos%C3%A9_Cela" title="Camilo José Cela">Camilo José Cela</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1990_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1990 Nobel Prize in Literature">1990</a>: <a href="/wiki/Octavio_Paz" title="Octavio Paz">Octavio Paz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1991_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1991 Nobel Prize in Literature">1991</a>: <a href="/wiki/Nadine_Gordimer" title="Nadine Gordimer">Nadine Gordimer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1992_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1992 Nobel Prize in Literature">1992</a>: <a href="/wiki/Derek_Walcott" title="Derek Walcott">Derek Walcott</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1993_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1993 Nobel Prize in Literature">1993</a>: <a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison" title="Toni Morrison">Toni Morrison</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1994_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1994 Nobel Prize in Literature">1994</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kenzabur%C5%8D_%C5%8Ce" title="Kenzaburō Ōe">Kenzaburō Ōe</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1995_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1995 Nobel Prize in Literature">1995</a>: <a href="/wiki/Seamus_Heaney" title="Seamus Heaney">Seamus Heaney</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1996_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1996 Nobel Prize in Literature">1996</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wis%C5%82awa_Szymborska" title="Wisława Szymborska">Wisława Szymborska</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1997_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1997 Nobel Prize in Literature">1997</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dario_Fo" title="Dario Fo">Dario Fo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1998_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1998 Nobel Prize in Literature">1998</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Saramago" title="José Saramago">José Saramago</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1999_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1999 Nobel Prize in Literature">1999</a>: <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Grass" title="Günter Grass">Günter Grass</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2000_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2000 Nobel Prize in Literature">2000</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gao_Xingjian" title="Gao Xingjian">Gao Xingjian</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2001_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2001 Nobel Prize in Literature">2001</a>: <a href="/wiki/V._S._Naipaul" title="V. S. Naipaul">V. S. Naipaul</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2002_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2002 Nobel Prize in Literature">2002</a>: <a href="/wiki/Imre_Kert%C3%A9sz" title="Imre Kertész">Imre Kertész</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2003_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2003 Nobel Prize in Literature">2003</a>: <a href="/wiki/J._M._Coetzee" title="J. M. Coetzee">J. M. Coetzee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2004_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2004 Nobel Prize in Literature">2004</a>: <a href="/wiki/Elfriede_Jelinek" title="Elfriede Jelinek">Elfriede Jelinek</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2005_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2005 Nobel Prize in Literature">2005</a>: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2006 Nobel Prize in Literature">2006</a>: <a href="/wiki/Orhan_Pamuk" title="Orhan Pamuk">Orhan Pamuk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2007_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2007 Nobel Prize in Literature">2007</a>: <a href="/wiki/Doris_Lessing" title="Doris Lessing">Doris Lessing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2008_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2008 Nobel Prize in Literature">2008</a>: <a href="/wiki/J._M._G._Le_Cl%C3%A9zio" title="J. M. G. Le Clézio">J. M. G. Le Clézio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2009_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2009 Nobel Prize in Literature">2009</a>: <a href="/wiki/Herta_M%C3%BCller" title="Herta Müller">Herta Müller</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2010_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2010 Nobel Prize in Literature">2010</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mario_Vargas_Llosa" title="Mario Vargas Llosa">Mario Vargas Llosa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2011_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2011 Nobel Prize in Literature">2011</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tomas_Transtr%C3%B6mer" title="Tomas Tranströmer">Tomas Tranströmer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2012_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2012 Nobel Prize in Literature">2012</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mo_Yan" title="Mo Yan">Mo Yan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2013_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2013 Nobel Prize in Literature">2013</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Munro" title="Alice Munro">Alice Munro</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2014_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2014 Nobel Prize in Literature">2014</a>: <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Modiano" title="Patrick Modiano">Patrick Modiano</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2015_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2015 Nobel Prize in Literature">2015</a>: <a href="/wiki/Svetlana_Alexievich" title="Svetlana Alexievich">Svetlana Alexievich</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2016_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2016 Nobel Prize in Literature">2016</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2017 Nobel Prize in Literature">2017</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kazuo_Ishiguro" title="Kazuo Ishiguro">Kazuo Ishiguro</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2018 Nobel Prize in Literature">2018</a>: <a href="/wiki/Olga_Tokarczuk" title="Olga Tokarczuk">Olga Tokarczuk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2019 Nobel Prize in Literature">2019</a>: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Handke" title="Peter Handke">Peter Handke</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2020_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2020 Nobel Prize in Literature">2020</a>: <a href="/wiki/Louise_Gl%C3%BCck" title="Louise Glück">Louise Glück</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2021–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2021_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2021 Nobel Prize in Literature">2021</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abdulrazak_Gurnah" title="Abdulrazak Gurnah">Abdulrazak Gurnah</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2022_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2022 Nobel Prize in Literature">2022</a>: <a href="/wiki/Annie_Ernaux" title="Annie Ernaux">Annie Ernaux</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2023_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2023 Nobel Prize in Literature">2023</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jon_Fosse" title="Jon Fosse">Jon Fosse</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2024_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2024 Nobel Prize in Literature">2024</a>: <a href="/wiki/Han_Kang" title="Han Kang">Han Kang</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2025_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2025 Nobel Prize in Literature">2025</a>: <i>to be determined</i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1968_Nobel_Prize_laureates947" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1968_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1968 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1968_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template talk:1968 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1968_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1968 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1968_Nobel_Prize_laureates947" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1968 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Onsager" title="Lars Onsager">Lars Onsager</a> (Norway/United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a> (<a href="/wiki/1968_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1968 Nobel Prize in Literature">1968</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yasunari Kawabata</a> (Japan)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a> (<a href="/wiki/1968_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1968 Nobel Peace Prize">1968</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Cassin" title="René Cassin">René Cassin</a> (France)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Walter_Alvarez" title="Luis Walter Alvarez">Luis Walter Alvarez</a> (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Holley" title="Robert W. Holley">Robert W. Holley</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_Gobind_Khorana" title="Har Gobind Khorana">Har Gobind Khorana</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Warren_Nirenberg" title="Marshall Warren Nirenberg">Marshall Warren Nirenberg</a> (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Nobel laureates">Nobel Prize recipients</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1963_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1963 Nobel Prize winners">1963</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1964_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1964 Nobel Prize winners">1964</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1965_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1965 Nobel Prize winners">1965</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1966_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1966 Nobel Prize winners">1966</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1967_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1967 Nobel Prize winners">1967</a></dd> <dd><b>1968 </b></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1969_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1969 Nobel Prize winners">1969</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1970_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1970 Nobel Prize winners">1970</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1971_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1971 Nobel Prize winners">1971</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1972_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1972 Nobel Prize winners">1972</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1973_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1973 Nobel Prize winners">1973</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Japanese_Nobel_laureates361" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_Nobel_laureates" title="Template:Japanese Nobel laureates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Japanese_Nobel_laureates" title="Template talk:Japanese Nobel laureates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese_Nobel_laureates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese Nobel laureates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Japanese_Nobel_laureates361" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_Nobel_laureates_and_nominees" title="List of Japanese Nobel laureates and nominees">Japanese Nobel laureates</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenichi_Fukui" title="Kenichi Fukui">Kenichi Fukui</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hideki_Shirakawa" title="Hideki Shirakawa">Hideki Shirakawa</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%8Dji_Noyori" title="Ryōji Noyori">Ryōji Noyori</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koichi_Tanaka" title="Koichi Tanaka">Koichi Tanaka</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osamu_Shimomura" title="Osamu Shimomura">Osamu Shimomura</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ei-ichi_Negishi" title="Ei-ichi Negishi">Ei-ichi Negishi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Akira_Suzuki" title="Akira Suzuki">Akira Suzuki</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Yoshino" title="Akira Yoshino">Akira Yoshino</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yasunari Kawabata</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenzabur%C5%8D_%C5%8Ce" title="Kenzaburō Ōe">Kenzaburō Ōe</a> (1994)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eisaku_Sat%C5%8D" title="Eisaku Satō">Eisaku Satō</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nihon_Hidankyo" title="Nihon Hidankyo">Nihon Hidankyo</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hideki_Yukawa" title="Hideki Yukawa">Hideki Yukawa</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shin%27ichir%C5%8D_Tomonaga" title="Shin'ichirō Tomonaga">Shin'ichirō Tomonaga</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Esaki" title="Leo Esaki">Leo Esaki</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masatoshi_Koshiba" title="Masatoshi Koshiba">Masatoshi Koshiba</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi_(physicist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Makoto Kobayashi (physicist)">Makoto Kobayashi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa">Toshihide Maskawa</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isamu_Akasaki" title="Isamu Akasaki">Isamu Akasaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Amano" title="Hiroshi Amano">Hiroshi Amano</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takaaki_Kajita" title="Takaaki Kajita">Takaaki Kajita</a> (2015)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Susumu_Tonegawa" title="Susumu Tonegawa">Susumu Tonegawa</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinya_Yamanaka" title="Shinya Yamanaka">Shinya Yamanaka</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satoshi_%C5%8Cmura" title="Satoshi Ōmura">Satoshi Ōmura</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshinori_Ohsumi" title="Yoshinori Ohsumi">Yoshinori Ohsumi</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasuku_Honjo" title="Tasuku Honjo">Tasuku Honjo</a> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Adaptations_of_&quot;The_Dancing_Girl_of_Izu&quot;51" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Dancing_Girl_of_Izu" title="Template:The Dancing Girl of Izu"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Dancing_Girl_of_Izu" title="Template talk:The Dancing Girl of Izu"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Dancing_Girl_of_Izu" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Dancing Girl of Izu"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Adaptations_of_&quot;The_Dancing_Girl_of_Izu&quot;51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Adaptations of "<a href="/wiki/The_Dancing_Girl_of_Izu" title="The Dancing Girl of Izu">The Dancing Girl of Izu</a>"</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dancing_Girl_of_Izu_(1933_film)" title="The Dancing Girl of Izu (1933 film)">The Dancing Girl of Izu</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Izu_no_odoriko_(1954_film)" title="Izu no odoriko (1954 film)">Izu no odoriko</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Izu_no_Odoriko_(1974_film)" title="Izu no Odoriko (1974 film)">Izu no odoriko</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Travellers_and_Magicians" title="Travellers and Magicians">Travellers and Magicians</a></i> (2003)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TV</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Izu_no_odoriko_(1993_TV_drama)" class="mw-redirect" title="Izu no odoriko (1993 TV drama)">Izu no odoriko</a></i> (1993)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43736#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3780" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43736#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3780" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43736#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000088384272">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/97450170">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/78279/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJhMmv6TyDWd8Qd4qCxJjC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118776940">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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