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<li id="toc-Administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaeology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaeology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Archaeology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaeology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suffolk_Pink" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suffolk_Pink"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Suffolk Pink</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suffolk_Pink-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Demography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary,_secondary_and_further_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary,_secondary_and_further_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Primary, secondary and further education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary,_secondary_and_further_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tertiary_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tertiary_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Tertiary education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tertiary_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Arts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dialect" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dialect"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Dialect</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dialect-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3.1</span> <span>Football</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Horse_racing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Horse_racing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3.2</span> <span>Horse racing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Horse_racing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Speedway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Speedway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3.3</span> <span>Speedway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Speedway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cricket" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cricket"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3.4</span> <span>Cricket</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cricket-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Flag</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suffolk_in_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suffolk_in_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Suffolk in popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suffolk_in_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edmund_of_East_Anglia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edmund_of_East_Anglia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Edmund of East Anglia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edmund_of_East_Anglia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header 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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Suffolk</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 81 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-81" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">81 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%AB%C3%BEfolc" title="Sūþfolc – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sūþfolc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D9%84%D9%83" title="سوفولك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سوفولك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA" title="Суфалк – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Суфалк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA" title="Сафалк – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сафалк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8A%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA" title="Съфолк – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Съфолк" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk_(kondado)" title="Suffolk (kondado) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Suffolk (kondado)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%81%DA%A9" title="سافک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سافک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%9C%ED%8D%BD%EC%A3%BC" title="서퍽주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="서퍽주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D6%86%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%AF" title="Սաֆոլկ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սաֆոլկ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%95" title="सफ़क – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सफ़क" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA" title="Саффолк – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Саффолк" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A7" title="סאפוק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סאפוק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolcia" title="Suffolcia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Suffolcia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safolka" title="Safolka – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Safolka" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safolkas" title="Safolkas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Safolkas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95" title="सफोक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सफोक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D9%84%D9%83" title="سوفولك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سوفولك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF" title="サフォーク – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サフォーク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk_(Graafskap)" title="Suffolk (Graafskap) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Suffolk (Graafskap)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffouc" title="Suffouc – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Suffouc" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%DA%A9" title="سفوک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سفوک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%84%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA" title="Суффолк – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Суффолк" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk_(gr%C3%B3fstvo)" title="Suffolk (grófstvo) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Suffolk (grófstvo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%81%DA%A9" title="سافک – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سافک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Сафок – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сафок" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81" title="ซัฟฟอล์ก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซัฟฟอล์ก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%84%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA" title="Суффолк – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Суффолк" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA" title="Саффолк – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Саффолк" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%81%DA%A9" title="سافک – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سافک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Suffolk" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1" title="萨福克郡 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="萨福克郡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A7" title="סאפאלק – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סאפאלק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%AE%E7%A6%8F%E9%83%A1" title="修福郡 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="修福郡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1" title="薩福克郡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="薩福克郡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Suffolk&params=52_12_N_1_00_E_region:GB_type:adm1st"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">52°12′N</span> <span class="longitude">1°00′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">52.200°N 1.000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">52.200; 1.000</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">County of England</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the county in England. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Suffolk_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Suffolk (disambiguation)">Suffolk (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Non-metropolitan and ceremonial county in England</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Suffolk</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_county" title="Non-metropolitan county">Non-metropolitan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">ceremonial county</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:262px;max-width:262px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:260px;max-width:260px"><div style="height:129px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orford_Ness_2016-08-27-2_(cropped,_edited).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Orford_Ness_2016-08-27-2_%28cropped%2C_edited%29.jpg/258px-Orford_Ness_2016-08-27-2_%28cropped%2C_edited%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="258" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Orford_Ness_2016-08-27-2_%28cropped%2C_edited%29.jpg/387px-Orford_Ness_2016-08-27-2_%28cropped%2C_edited%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Orford_Ness_2016-08-27-2_%28cropped%2C_edited%29.jpg/516px-Orford_Ness_2016-08-27-2_%28cropped%2C_edited%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4491" data-file-height="2255" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:171px;max-width:171px"><div style="height:112px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RS1497_Waterfront_location_(32)-lpr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/RS1497_Waterfront_location_%2832%29-lpr.jpg/169px-RS1497_Waterfront_location_%2832%29-lpr.jpg" decoding="async" width="169" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/RS1497_Waterfront_location_%2832%29-lpr.jpg/254px-RS1497_Waterfront_location_%2832%29-lpr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/RS1497_Waterfront_location_%2832%29-lpr.jpg/338px-RS1497_Waterfront_location_%2832%29-lpr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1331" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:87px;max-width:87px"><div style="height:112px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Norman_Tower,_Bury_St_Edmunds_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Norman_Tower%2C_Bury_St_Edmunds_01.jpg/85px-Norman_Tower%2C_Bury_St_Edmunds_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Norman_Tower%2C_Bury_St_Edmunds_01.jpg/128px-Norman_Tower%2C_Bury_St_Edmunds_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Norman_Tower%2C_Bury_St_Edmunds_01.jpg/170px-Norman_Tower%2C_Bury_St_Edmunds_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3803" data-file-height="5072" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">The village of <a href="/wiki/Orford,_Suffolk" title="Orford, Suffolk"> Orford</a> from <a href="/wiki/Orford_Ness" title="Orford Ness">Orford Ness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ipswich" title="Ipswich">Ipswich</a> waterfront, and the <a href="/wiki/The_Norman_Tower_(Bury_St_Edmunds)" title="The Norman Tower (Bury St Edmunds)">Norman Tower</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bury_St_Edmunds" title="Bury St Edmunds">Bury St Edmunds</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Suffolk_UK_locator_map_2010.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Suffolk within England"><img alt="Suffolk within England" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Suffolk_UK_locator_map_2010.svg/200px-Suffolk_UK_locator_map_2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Suffolk_UK_locator_map_2010.svg/300px-Suffolk_UK_locator_map_2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Suffolk_UK_locator_map_2010.svg/400px-Suffolk_UK_locator_map_2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1108" data-file-height="1345" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Suffolk&params=52_12_N_1_00_E_region:GB_type:adm1st"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">52°12′N</span> <span class="longitude">1°00′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">52.200°N 1.000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">52.200; 1.000</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Constituent country</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_England" title="Regions of England">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/East_of_England" title="East of England">East</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Historic_counties_of_England" title="Historic counties of England">Ancient</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Time in the United Kingdom">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B0" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+0">UTC+0</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Summer_Time" title="British Summer Time">BST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">UK Parliament</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_Suffolk" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in Suffolk">List of MPs</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Police</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_Constabulary" title="Suffolk Constabulary">Suffolk Constabulary</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff; font-weight: bold;"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Suffolk" title="Lord Lieutenant of Suffolk">Lord Lieutenant</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Clare_FitzRoy,_Countess_of_Euston" title="Clare FitzRoy, Countess of Euston">Clare FitzRoy, Countess of Euston</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Suffolk" title="High Sheriff of Suffolk">High Sheriff</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Bridget McIntyre<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2020–21)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">3,800 km<sup>2</sup> (1,500 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ceremonial_counties_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ceremonial counties of England">8th of 48</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population<span class="nowrap"> </span><div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2022)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">768,555</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ceremonial_counties_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ceremonial counties of England">33rd of 48</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Density</th><td class="infobox-data">202/km<sup>2</sup> (520/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ethnicity<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">97.2% White</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff; font-weight: bold;"><a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_county" title="Non-metropolitan county">Non-metropolitan county</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">County council</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_County_Council" title="Suffolk County Council">Suffolk County Council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Political_make-up_of_local_councils_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Political make-up of local councils in the United Kingdom">Control</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Admin HQ</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ipswich" title="Ipswich">Ipswich</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">3,800 km<sup>2</sup> (1,500 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_two-tier_counties_of_England" title="List of two-tier counties of England">4th of 21</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population<span class="nowrap"> </span><div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2022)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">768,555</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_two-tier_counties_of_England" title="List of two-tier counties of England">14th of 21</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Density</th><td class="infobox-data">202/km<sup>2</sup> (520/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:GB" title="ISO 3166-2:GB">ISO 3166-2</a></th><td class="infobox-data">GB-SFK</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/GSS_coding_system" title="GSS coding system">GSS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">E10000029</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Territorial_Level" title="International Territorial Level">ITL</a></th><td class="infobox-data">UKH14</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://suffolk.gov.uk">suffolk<wbr />.gov<wbr />.uk</a></span></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff; font-weight: bold;">Districts</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Suffolk_numbered_districts_2019.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Suffolk_numbered_districts_2019.svg/200px-Suffolk_numbered_districts_2019.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Suffolk_numbered_districts_2019.svg/300px-Suffolk_numbered_districts_2019.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Suffolk_numbered_districts_2019.svg/400px-Suffolk_numbered_districts_2019.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="927" /></a></span><br />Districts of Suffolk</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_England" title="Districts of England">Districts</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Ipswich" class="mw-redirect" title="Borough of Ipswich">Ipswich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Suffolk_(district)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Suffolk (district)">East Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid_Suffolk" title="Mid Suffolk">Mid Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babergh_District" title="Babergh District">Babergh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Suffolk_(district)" class="mw-redirect" title="West Suffolk (district)">West Suffolk</a></li></ol> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Suffolk</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ʌ/: 'u' in 'cut'">ʌ</span><span title="'f' in 'find'">f</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">SUF</span>-ək</i></a>) is a <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_county" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceremonial county">ceremonial county</a> in the <a href="/wiki/East_of_England" title="East of England">East of England</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Anglia" title="East Anglia">East Anglia</a>. It is bordered by <a href="/wiki/Norfolk" title="Norfolk">Norfolk</a> to the <a href="/wiki/North" title="North">north</a>, the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a> to the <a href="/wiki/East" title="East">east</a>, <a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a> to the <a href="/wiki/South" title="South">south</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cambridgeshire" title="Cambridgeshire">Cambridgeshire</a> to the west. <a href="/wiki/Ipswich" title="Ipswich">Ipswich</a> is the largest <a href="/wiki/Human_settlement" title="Human settlement">settlement</a> and the <a href="/wiki/County_town" title="County town">county town</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/County" title="County">county</a> has an area of 3,798 km<sup>2</sup> (1,466 sq mi) and a <a href="/wiki/Population" title="Population">population</a> of 758,556. After <a href="/wiki/Ipswich" title="Ipswich">Ipswich</a> (144,957) in the <a href="/wiki/South" title="South">south</a>, the largest towns are <a href="/wiki/Lowestoft" title="Lowestoft">Lowestoft</a> (73,800) in the north-east and <a href="/wiki/Bury_St_Edmunds" title="Bury St Edmunds">Bury St Edmunds</a> (40,664) in the west. Suffolk contains five local <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a> <a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_district" title="Non-metropolitan district">districts</a>, which are part of a two-tier <a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_county" title="Non-metropolitan county">non-metropolitan county</a> also called <a href="/wiki/Suffolk_County_Council" title="Suffolk County Council">Suffolk</a>. </p><p>The Suffolk <a href="/wiki/Suffolk_Coast_and_Heaths" class="mw-redirect" title="Suffolk Coast and Heaths">coastline</a> is a complex <a href="/wiki/Habitat" title="Habitat">habitat</a>, formed by <a href="/wiki/London_Clay" title="London Clay">London clay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crag_Group" title="Crag Group">crag</a> underlain by <a href="/wiki/Chalk" title="Chalk">chalk</a> and therefore susceptible to <a href="/wiki/Erosion" title="Erosion">erosion</a>. It contains several deep <a href="/wiki/Estuary" title="Estuary">estuaries</a>, including those of the <a href="/wiki/River" title="River">rivers</a> <a href="/wiki/River_Blyth,_Suffolk" title="River Blyth, Suffolk">Blyth</a>, <a href="/wiki/River_Deben" title="River Deben">Deben</a>, <a href="/wiki/River_Orwell" title="River Orwell">Orwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/River_Stour,_Suffolk" title="River Stour, Suffolk">Stour</a>, and <a href="/wiki/River_Alde" title="River Alde">Alde/Ore</a>; the latter is 25.5 km (15.8 mi) long and separated from the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a> by <a href="/wiki/Orford_Ness" title="Orford Ness">Orford Ness</a>, a large <a href="/wiki/Spit_(landform)" title="Spit (landform)">spit</a>. Large parts of the coast are backed by <a href="/wiki/Heath" title="Heath">heath</a> and wetland <a href="/wiki/Habitat" title="Habitat">habitats</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Sandlings" title="Sandlings">Sandlings</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The north-east of the county contains part of <a href="/wiki/The_Broads" title="The Broads">the Broads</a>, a network of <a href="/wiki/River" title="River">rivers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lake" title="Lake">lakes</a>. Inland, the <a href="/wiki/Landscape" title="Landscape">landscape</a> is flat and gently undulating, and contains part of <a href="/wiki/Thetford_Forest" title="Thetford Forest">Thetford Forest</a> on the Norfolk border and <a href="/wiki/Dedham_Vale_National_Landscape" title="Dedham Vale National Landscape">Dedham Vale</a> on the Essex border. </p><p>It is also known for its extensive <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">farming</a> and has largely <a href="/wiki/Arable_land" title="Arable land">arable land</a>. <a href="/wiki/Newmarket,_Suffolk" title="Newmarket, Suffolk">Newmarket</a> is known for <a href="/wiki/Horse_racing" title="Horse racing">horse racing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Felixstowe" title="Felixstowe">Felixstowe</a> is one of the largest <a href="/wiki/Container_port" title="Container port">container ports</a> in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Suffolk" title="History of Suffolk">History of Suffolk</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administration">Administration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Anglo-Saxon settlement of Suffolk, and East Anglia generally, occurred on a large scale,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> possibly following a period of depopulation by the previous inhabitants, the Romanised descendants of the <a href="/wiki/Iceni" title="Iceni">Iceni</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the fifth century, they had established control of the region. The Anglo-Saxon inhabitants later became the "north folk" and the "south folk", from which developed the names "Norfolk" and "Suffolk".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Suffolk was divided into four separate <a href="/wiki/Quarter_Sessions" class="mw-redirect" title="Quarter Sessions">Quarter Sessions</a> divisions, which met at <a href="/wiki/Beccles" title="Beccles">Beccles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bury_St_Edmunds" title="Bury St Edmunds">Bury St Edmunds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ipswich" title="Ipswich">Ipswich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Woodbridge,_Suffolk" title="Woodbridge, Suffolk">Woodbridge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1860, the number of divisions was reduced to two, when the Beccles, Ipswich and Woodbridge divisions merged into an East Suffolk division, administered from Ipswich, and the old Bury St Edmunds division became the West Suffolk division.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the <a href="/wiki/Local_Government_Act_1888" title="Local Government Act 1888">Local Government Act 1888</a>, the two divisions were made the separate administrative counties of <a href="/wiki/East_Suffolk_(county)" title="East Suffolk (county)">East Suffolk</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Suffolk_(county)" title="West Suffolk (county)">West Suffolk</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 April 1974, under the <a href="/wiki/Local_Government_Act_1972" title="Local Government Act 1972">Local Government Act 1972</a>, East Suffolk, West Suffolk, and Ipswich were merged to form the unified county of Suffolk. The county was divided into several <a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_district" title="Non-metropolitan district">local government districts</a>: <a href="/wiki/Babergh_District" title="Babergh District">Babergh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forest_Heath" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest Heath">Forest Heath</a>, <a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Ipswich" class="mw-redirect" title="Borough of Ipswich">Ipswich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mid_Suffolk" title="Mid Suffolk">Mid Suffolk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Borough_of_St_Edmundsbury" title="Borough of St Edmundsbury">St Edmundsbury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suffolk_Coastal" title="Suffolk Coastal">Suffolk Coastal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Waveney_District" title="Waveney District">Waveney</a>. This act also transferred some land near <a href="/wiki/Great_Yarmouth" title="Great Yarmouth">Great Yarmouth</a> to Norfolk. As introduced in Parliament, the Local Government Act would have transferred <a href="/wiki/Newmarket,_Suffolk" title="Newmarket, Suffolk">Newmarket</a> and Haverhill to Cambridgeshire and <a href="/wiki/Colchester" title="Colchester">Colchester</a> from Essex; such changes were not included when the act was passed into law.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2007 the <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Communities_and_Local_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Department for Communities and Local Government">Department for Communities and Local Government</a> referred <a href="/wiki/Ipswich_Borough_Council" title="Ipswich Borough Council">Ipswich Borough Council</a>'s bid to become a new <a href="/wiki/Unitary_authority" title="Unitary authority">unitary authority</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Boundary_Committee_for_England" title="Boundary Committee for England">Boundary Committee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beginning in February 2008, the Boundary Committee again reviewed local government in the county, with two possible options emerging. One was that of splitting Suffolk into two unitary authorities – Ipswich and Felixstowe and Rural Suffolk; and the other, that of creating a single county-wide controlling authority – the "One Suffolk" option.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2010, the then-Minister <a href="/wiki/Rosie_Winterton" title="Rosie Winterton">Rosie Winterton</a> announced that no changes would be imposed on the structure of local government in the county as a result of the review, but that the government would be: "asking Suffolk councils and MPs to reach a consensus on what unitary solution they want through a countywide constitutional convention".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">May 2010 general election</a>, all further moves towards any of the suggested unitary solutions ceased on the instructions of the incoming <a href="/wiki/Cameron%E2%80%93Clegg_coalition" title="Cameron–Clegg coalition">Cameron–Clegg coalition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018 it was determined that Forest Heath and St Edmundsbury would be merged to form a new <a href="/wiki/West_Suffolk_(district)" class="mw-redirect" title="West Suffolk (district)">West Suffolk</a> district,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while Waveney and Suffolk Coastal would similarly form a new <a href="/wiki/East_Suffolk_(district)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Suffolk (district)">East Suffolk</a> district.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeology">Archaeology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Archaeology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SHIP_MED.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/SHIP_MED.jpg/220px-SHIP_MED.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/SHIP_MED.jpg/330px-SHIP_MED.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/SHIP_MED.jpg/440px-SHIP_MED.jpg 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="463" /></a><figcaption>Excavation of the <a href="/wiki/Sutton_Hoo" title="Sutton Hoo">Sutton Hoo</a> burial ship in 1939</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/West_Suffolk_(district)" class="mw-redirect" title="West Suffolk (district)">West Suffolk</a>, like nearby <a href="/wiki/East_Cambridgeshire" title="East Cambridgeshire">East Cambridgeshire</a>, is renowned for <a href="/wiki/Archaeology" title="Archaeology">archaeological</a> finds from the <a href="/wiki/Stone_Age" title="Stone Age">Stone Age</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a>. Bronze Age <a href="/wiki/Artifact_(archaeology)" title="Artifact (archaeology)">artefacts</a> have been found in the area between <a href="/wiki/Mildenhall,_Suffolk" title="Mildenhall, Suffolk">Mildenhall</a> and West Row, in <a href="/wiki/Eriswell" title="Eriswell">Eriswell</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Lakenheath" title="Lakenheath">Lakenheath</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the east of the county is <a href="/wiki/Sutton_Hoo" title="Sutton Hoo">Sutton Hoo</a>, the site of one of England's most significant <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Saxon">Anglo-Saxon</a> archaeological finds, a ship burial containing a collection of treasures including a <a href="/wiki/Sword_of_state" title="Sword of state">sword of state</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sutton_Hoo_Helmet" class="mw-redirect" title="Sutton Hoo Helmet">helmet</a>, gold and silver bowls, jewellery and a <a href="/wiki/Lyre" title="Lyre">lyre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Hoxne_Hoard" title="Hoxne Hoard">Hoxne Hoard</a>, to date the largest assembly of late Roman silver and gold discovered in Britain, was found near the village of <a href="/wiki/Hoxne" title="Hoxne">Hoxne</a> in 1992. </p><p>While carrying out surveys before installing a pipeline in 2014, archaeologists for <a href="/wiki/Anglian_Water" title="Anglian Water">Anglian Water</a> discovered nine skeletons and four cremation pits, at <a href="/wiki/Bardwell,_Suffolk" title="Bardwell, Suffolk">Bardwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barnham,_Suffolk" title="Barnham, Suffolk">Barnham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakenham,_Suffolk" title="Pakenham, Suffolk">Pakenham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rougham,_Suffolk" title="Rougham, Suffolk">Rougham</a>, all near Bury St Edmunds. Neolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, Roman and medieval items were also unearthed, along with the nine skeletons believed to be of the late or <a href="/wiki/Post-Roman_Britain" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-Roman Britain">Post-Roman Britain</a>. Experts said the five-month project had recovered enough artefacts to fill half a shipping container, and that the discoveries had shed new light on their understanding of the development of small rural communities.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019 an excavation of a 4th-century <a href="/wiki/Roman_burial" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman burial">Roman burial</a> in <a href="/wiki/Great_Whelnetham" title="Great Whelnetham">Great Whelnetham</a> uncovered unusual burial practices. Of 52 skeletons found, a large number had been <a href="/wiki/Decapitated" class="mw-redirect" title="Decapitated">decapitated</a>, which archaeologists claimed gave new insight into Roman traditions. The burial ground includes the remains of men, women and children who likely lived in a nearby settlement. The fact that up to 40% of the bodies were decapitated represents "quite a rare find".<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A survey in 2020 named Suffolk the third best place in the UK for aspiring archaeologists, and showed that the area was especially rich in finds from the Roman period, with over 1500 objects found in the preceding year.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2020, <a href="/wiki/Metal_detector" title="Metal detector">metal detectorist</a> Luke Mahoney found 1,061 silver hammered coins, estimated to be worth £100,000, in Ipswich. The coins dated back to the 15th–17th century, according to experts.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2020, archaeologists announced the discovery of an Anglo-Saxon cemetery with seventeen cremations and 191 burials dating back to the 7th century in Oulton, near <a href="/wiki/Lowestoft" title="Lowestoft">Lowestoft</a>. The graves contained the remains of men, women and children, as well as artefacts including small iron knives and silver pennies, wrist clasps, strings of amber and glass beads. According to Andrew Peachey, who carried out the excavations, the skeletons had mostly vanished because of the highly acidic soil. They, fortunately, were preserved as brittle shapes and "sand silhouettes" in the sand.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suffolk_Pink">Suffolk Pink</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Suffolk Pink"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Suffolk_Pink_cottage_in_Ixworth,_with_pargetting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Suffolk_Pink_cottage_in_Ixworth%2C_with_pargetting.jpg/220px-Suffolk_Pink_cottage_in_Ixworth%2C_with_pargetting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Suffolk_Pink_cottage_in_Ixworth%2C_with_pargetting.jpg/330px-Suffolk_Pink_cottage_in_Ixworth%2C_with_pargetting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Suffolk_Pink_cottage_in_Ixworth%2C_with_pargetting.jpg/440px-Suffolk_Pink_cottage_in_Ixworth%2C_with_pargetting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1901" data-file-height="1343" /></a><figcaption>16th century cottage in Ixworth, with pargetting and traditional Suffolk Pink limewash</figcaption></figure> <p>Villages and towns in Suffolk are renowned for historic, pink-washed halls and cottages, which has become known far and wide as "Suffolk Pink". Decorative paint colours found in the county can range from a pale shell shade, to a deep blush brick colour.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to research, Suffolk Pink dates back to the 14th century, when these shades were developed by local dyers by adding natural substances to a traditional <a href="/wiki/Limewash" class="mw-redirect" title="Limewash">limewash</a> mix. Additives used in this process include pig or <a href="/wiki/Ox" title="Ox">ox</a> blood with <a href="/wiki/Buttermilk" title="Buttermilk">buttermilk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elderberries" class="mw-redirect" title="Elderberries">elderberries</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sloe" class="mw-redirect" title="Sloe">sloe</a> juice. </p><p>Locals and historians often state that a true Suffolk Pink should be a "deep dusky terracotta shade",<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> rather than the more popular pastel hue of modern times. This has caused controversy in the past when home and business-owners alike have been reprimanded for using colours deemed incorrect, with some being forced to repaint to an acceptable shade. In 2013, famous chef <a href="/wiki/Marco_Pierre_White" title="Marco Pierre White">Marco Pierre White</a> had his 15th-century hotel, The Angel, in Lavenham, decorated a shade of pink that was not traditional Suffolk Pink. He was required by local authorities to repaint.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In another example of Suffolk taking its colours seriously, a homeowner in <a href="/wiki/Lavenham" title="Lavenham">Lavenham</a> was obligated to paint their <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">Grade I listed</a> cottage Suffolk Pink, to make it match a neighbouring property. The local council said it wanted all of the cottages on that particular part of the road to be the same colour, because they were a single building historically (300 years earlier).<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The historic Suffolk Pink colour has also inspired the name of a British apple.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cmglee_Manningtree_River_Stour.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Cmglee_Manningtree_River_Stour.jpg/220px-Cmglee_Manningtree_River_Stour.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Cmglee_Manningtree_River_Stour.jpg/330px-Cmglee_Manningtree_River_Stour.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Cmglee_Manningtree_River_Stour.jpg/440px-Cmglee_Manningtree_River_Stour.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>River Stour at <a href="/wiki/Dedham_Vale_National_Landscape" title="Dedham Vale National Landscape">Dedham Vale National Landscape</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Suffolcia_Atlas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Suffolcia_Atlas.jpg/220px-Suffolcia_Atlas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Suffolcia_Atlas.jpg/330px-Suffolcia_Atlas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Suffolcia_Atlas.jpg/440px-Suffolcia_Atlas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8840" data-file-height="6187" /></a><figcaption>Hand-drawn map of Suffolk by <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Saxton" title="Christopher Saxton">Christopher Saxton</a> from 1573</figcaption></figure> <p>Suffolk is also home to nature reserves, such as the <a href="/wiki/RSPB" class="mw-redirect" title="RSPB">RSPB</a> site at <a href="/wiki/Minsmere" title="Minsmere">Minsmere</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Trimley_Marshes" title="Trimley Marshes">Trimley Marshes</a>, a wetland under the protection of <a href="/wiki/Suffolk_Wildlife_Trust" title="Suffolk Wildlife Trust">Suffolk Wildlife Trust</a>. The clay plateau inland, deeply intercut by <a href="/wiki/River" title="River">rivers</a>, is often referred to as 'High Suffolk'.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The west of the county lies on more resistant <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> <a href="/wiki/Chalk" title="Chalk">chalk</a>. This chalk is responsible for a sweeping tract of largely <a href="/wiki/Downland" title="Downland">downland</a> landscapes that stretches from <a href="/wiki/Dorset" title="Dorset">Dorset</a> in the south west to <a href="/wiki/Dover" title="Dover">Dover</a> in the south east and north through <a href="/wiki/East_Anglia" title="East Anglia">East Anglia</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Yorkshire_Wolds" title="Yorkshire Wolds">Yorkshire Wolds</a>. The chalk is less easily eroded so forms the only significant hills in the county. The highest point in the county is <a href="/wiki/Great_Wood_Hill" title="Great Wood Hill">Great Wood Hill</a>, with an <a href="/wiki/Elevation" title="Elevation">elevation</a> of 128 metres (420 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The county flower is the <a href="/wiki/Oxlip" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxlip">oxlip</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demography">Demography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Demography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Suffolk" title="List of places in Suffolk">List of places in Suffolk</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ickworth_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Ickworth_House.jpg/220px-Ickworth_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Ickworth_House.jpg/330px-Ickworth_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Ickworth_House.jpg/440px-Ickworth_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ickworth_House" title="Ickworth House">Ickworth House</a> close to <a href="/wiki/Bury_St_Edmunds" title="Bury St Edmunds">Bury St Edmunds</a></figcaption></figure> <p>According to estimates by the <a href="/wiki/Office_for_National_Statistics" title="Office for National Statistics">Office for National Statistics</a>, the population of Suffolk in 2014 was 738,512, split almost evenly between males and females. Roughly 22% of the population was aged 65 or older, and 90.84% were <a href="/wiki/White_British" title="White British">White British</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historically, the county's population has mostly been employed as agricultural workers. An 1835 survey showed Suffolk to have 4,526 occupiers of land employing labourers, 1,121 occupiers not employing labourers, 33,040 labourers employed in agriculture, 676 employed in manufacture, 18,167 employed in retail trade or handicraft, 2,228 'capitalists, bankers etc.', 5,336 labourers (non-agricultural), 4,940 other males aged over 20, 2,032 male servants and 11,483 female servants.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most English counties have nicknames for people from that county, such as a <a href="/wiki/Tyke_(dialect)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyke (dialect)">Tyke</a> from <a href="/wiki/Yorkshire" title="Yorkshire">Yorkshire</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Yellowbelly_(Lincolnshire)" title="Yellowbelly (Lincolnshire)">Yellowbelly</a> from <a href="/wiki/Lincolnshire" title="Lincolnshire">Lincolnshire</a>. A traditional nickname for people from Suffolk is "Suffolk Fair-Maids", referring to the supposed beauty of its female inhabitants in the Middle Ages.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another is "Silly Suffolk", often assumed to be derived from the <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a> word <i>sælig</i> in the meaning "blessed", referring to the long history of Christianity in the county.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, use of the term "Silly Suffolk" can actually be dated to no earlier than 1819, and its alleged medieval origins have been shown to be mythical.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank</th> <th>Town</th> <th>Population<br />(2011)</th> <th>Borough/District council </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ipswich" title="Ipswich">Ipswich</a></td> <td>133,384</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ipswich_Borough_Council" title="Ipswich Borough Council">Ipswich Borough Council</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lowestoft" title="Lowestoft">Lowestoft</a></td> <td>71,000</td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Suffolk_District" title="East Suffolk District">East Suffolk Council</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bury_St_Edmunds" title="Bury St Edmunds">Bury St Edmunds</a></td> <td>42,000</td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Suffolk_District" title="West Suffolk District">West Suffolk Council</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haverhill,_Suffolk" title="Haverhill, Suffolk">Haverhill</a></td> <td>27,041</td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Suffolk_District" title="West Suffolk District">West Suffolk Council</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Felixstowe" title="Felixstowe">Felixstowe</a></td> <td>23,689</td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Suffolk_District" title="East Suffolk District">East Suffolk Council</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Newmarket,_Suffolk" title="Newmarket, Suffolk">Newmarket</a></td> <td>20,384</td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Suffolk_District" title="West Suffolk District">West Suffolk Council</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Willis_Building_Ipswich.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Willis_Building_Ipswich.jpg/220px-Willis_Building_Ipswich.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Willis_Building_Ipswich.jpg/330px-Willis_Building_Ipswich.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Willis_Building_Ipswich.jpg/440px-Willis_Building_Ipswich.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3629" data-file-height="2100" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Willis_Building_(Ipswich)" class="mw-redirect" title="Willis Building (Ipswich)">Willis Building</a> in Ipswich, a landmark office building in the town</figcaption></figure> <p>The majority of agriculture in Suffolk is either <a href="/wiki/Agronomy" title="Agronomy">agronomy</a> or <a href="/wiki/Mixed_farming" title="Mixed farming">mixed farming</a>. Farm sizes vary from anything around 80 acres (32 hectares) to over 8,000. Soil types vary from heavy clays to light sands. Crops grown include <a href="/wiki/Winter_wheat" title="Winter wheat">winter wheat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">barley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sugar_beet" title="Sugar beet">sugar beet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rapeseed" title="Rapeseed">oilseed rape</a>, winter and <a href="/wiki/Spring_beans" class="mw-redirect" title="Spring beans">spring beans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Linseed" class="mw-redirect" title="Linseed">linseed</a>, although smaller areas of rye and oats can be found growing in areas with lighter soils along with a variety of vegetables.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The continuing importance of agriculture in the county is reflected in the <a href="/wiki/Suffolk_Show" title="Suffolk Show">Suffolk Show</a>, which is held annually in May at Ipswich. Although latterly somewhat changed in nature, this remains primarily an <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_show" title="Agricultural show">agricultural show</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Companies based in Suffolk include <a href="/wiki/Greene_King_Brewery" class="mw-redirect" title="Greene King Brewery">Greene King</a> and <a href="/wiki/Branston_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Branston (food)">Branston Pickle</a> in Bury St Edmunds. <a href="/wiki/Birds_Eye" title="Birds Eye">Birds Eye</a> has its largest UK factory in Lowestoft, where all its meat products and frozen vegetables are processed. <a href="/wiki/Huntley_%26_Palmers" title="Huntley & Palmers">Huntley & Palmers</a> biscuit company has a base in Sudbury. The UK <a href="/wiki/Horse_racing" title="Horse racing">horse racing</a> industry is based in Newmarket. There are two <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a> bases in the west of the county close to the <a href="/wiki/A11_road_(England)" title="A11 road (England)">A11</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sizewell_B_nuclear_power_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Sizewell B nuclear power station">Sizewell B nuclear power station</a> is at <a href="/wiki/Sizewell" title="Sizewell">Sizewell</a> on the coast near <a href="/wiki/Leiston" title="Leiston">Leiston</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Matthews_Farms" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard Matthews Farms">Bernard Matthews Farms</a> have some processing units in the county, specifically <a href="/wiki/Holton,_Suffolk" title="Holton, Suffolk">Holton</a>. <a href="/wiki/Southwold" title="Southwold">Southwold</a> is the home of <a href="/wiki/Adnams_Brewery" class="mw-redirect" title="Adnams Brewery">Adnams Brewery</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Felixstowe" title="Port of Felixstowe">Port of Felixstowe</a> is the largest <a href="/wiki/Containerization" title="Containerization">container</a> port in the United Kingdom. Other ports are at <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Lowestoft" title="Port of Lowestoft">Lowestoft</a> and Ipswich, run by <a href="/wiki/Associated_British_Ports" title="Associated British Ports">Associated British Ports</a>. <a href="/wiki/BT_Group_plc" class="mw-redirect" title="BT Group plc">BT Group plc</a> has its main research and development facility at <a href="/wiki/Martlesham_Heath" title="Martlesham Heath">Martlesham Heath</a>. </p><p>Below is a chart of regional gross value added of Suffolk at basic prices published by <i>Office for National Statistics</i> with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Regional gross value added<sup id="cite_ref-fn_4_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn_4-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Agriculture<sup id="cite_ref-fn_1_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn_1-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Industry<sup id="cite_ref-fn_2_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn_2-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Services<sup id="cite_ref-fn_3_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn_3-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>1995</td> <td><b>7,113</b></td> <td>391</td> <td>2,449</td> <td>4,273 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td><b>8,096</b></td> <td>259</td> <td>2,589</td> <td>5,248 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003</td> <td><b>9,456</b></td> <td>270</td> <td>2,602</td> <td>6,583 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Source<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Suffolk" title="List of schools in Suffolk">List of schools in Suffolk</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary,_secondary_and_further_education"><span id="Primary.2C_secondary_and_further_education"></span>Primary, secondary and further education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Primary, secondary and further education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Suffolk has a <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Comprehensive education">comprehensive education</a> system with fourteen independent schools. Unusually for the UK, some of Suffolk had a <a href="/wiki/Three-tier_education" title="Three-tier education">3-tier school system</a> in place with primary schools (ages 5–9), <a href="/wiki/Middle_Schools_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Schools in England">middle schools</a> (ages 9–13) and upper schools (ages 13–16). However, a 2006 Suffolk County Council study concluded that Suffolk should move to the two-tier school system used in the majority of the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the purpose of conversion to two-tier, the three-tier system was divided into four geographical area groupings and corresponding phases. The first phase was the conversion of schools in Lowestoft and Haverhill in 2011, followed by schools in north and west Suffolk in 2012. The remainder of the changeovers to two-tier took place from 2013, for those schools that stayed within local government control, and did not become <a href="/wiki/Academy_(English_school)" title="Academy (English school)">Academies</a> and/or <a href="/wiki/Free_school_(England)" title="Free school (England)">free schools</a>. The majority of schools thus now (2019) operate the more common primary to high school (11–16). </p><p>Many of the county's upper schools have a <a href="/wiki/Sixth_form" title="Sixth form">sixth form</a> and most <a href="/wiki/Further_education" title="Further education">further education</a> colleges in the county offer <a href="/wiki/A-level" title="A-level">A-level</a> courses. In terms of school population, Suffolk's individual schools are large with the Ipswich district with the largest school population and Forest Heath the smallest, with just two schools. In 2013, a letter said that "...nearly a fifth of the schools inspected were judged inadequate. This is unacceptable and now means that Suffolk has a higher proportion of pupils educated in inadequate schools than both the regional and national averages."<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/The_Royal_Hospital_School" class="mw-redirect" title="The Royal Hospital School">The Royal Hospital School</a> near Ipswich is the largest independent boarding school in Suffolk. Other boarding schools within Suffolk include Barnardiston Hall Preparatory School, <a href="/wiki/Culford_School" title="Culford School">Culford School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finborough_School" title="Finborough School">Finborough School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Framlingham_College" title="Framlingham College">Framlingham College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ipswich_High_School,_Suffolk" title="Ipswich High School, Suffolk">Ipswich High School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ipswich_School" title="Ipswich School">Ipswich School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orwell_Park_School" title="Orwell Park School">Orwell Park School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Felix_School" title="Saint Felix School">Saint Felix School</a> and <a href="/wiki/Woodbridge_School" title="Woodbridge School">Woodbridge School</a>. </p><p>The Castle Partnership Academy Trust in Haverhill is the county's only All-through Academy Chain. Comprising <a href="/wiki/Castle_Manor_Academy" title="Castle Manor Academy">Castle Manor Academy</a> and Place Farm Primary Academy, the Academy Trust supports all-through education and provides opportunities for young people aged 3 to 18. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Sixth_form_college" title="Sixth form college">Sixth form colleges</a> in the county include <a href="/wiki/Lowestoft_Sixth_Form_College" title="Lowestoft Sixth Form College">Lowestoft Sixth Form College</a> and <a href="/wiki/One_(sixth_form_college)" title="One (sixth form college)">One</a> in Ipswich. Suffolk is home to four further education colleges: <a href="/wiki/Lowestoft_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Lowestoft College">Lowestoft College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Easton_%26_Otley_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Easton & Otley College">Easton & Otley College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suffolk_New_College" title="Suffolk New College">Suffolk New College</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northgate_High_School,_Ipswich" title="Northgate High School, Ipswich">Northgate Sixth Form</a> (Ipswich) and <a href="/wiki/West_Suffolk_College" title="West Suffolk College">West Suffolk College</a> (Bury St Edmunds). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tertiary_education">Tertiary education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Tertiary education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The county has one university, with branches spread across different towns. The present <a href="/wiki/University_of_Suffolk" title="University of Suffolk">University of Suffolk</a> was, prior to August 2016, known as <b>University Campus Suffolk</b>. Up until it became independent it was a collaboration between the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Essex" title="University of Essex">University of Essex</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_East_Anglia" title="University of East Anglia">University of East Anglia</a> which sponsored its formation and validated its degrees.<sup id="cite_ref-essex_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-essex-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-torygraph_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-torygraph-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> UOS accepted its first students in September 2007. Until then Suffolk was one of only four <a href="/wiki/Counties_of_England" title="Counties of England">counties</a> in England which did not have a university campus.<sup id="cite_ref-essex_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-essex-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The University of Suffolk was granted Taught Degree Awarding Powers by the <a href="/wiki/Quality_Assurance_Agency_for_Higher_Education" title="Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education">Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education</a> in November 2015, and in May 2016 it was awarded University status by the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council of the United Kingdom">Privy Council</a> and renamed The University of Suffolk on 1 August 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The university operates at five sites, with its central hub in Ipswich. Others include Lowestoft, Bury St. Edmunds, and <a href="/wiki/Great_Yarmouth" title="Great Yarmouth">Great Yarmouth</a> in Norfolk.<sup id="cite_ref-uea_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uea-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The university is organised in four academic schools<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 2022/23 had 13,700 students. 88% of the student body are aged over 21 and 46% of university students are male.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arts">Arts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Snape_Maltings_Concert_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_666311.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Snape_Maltings_Concert_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_666311.jpg/220px-Snape_Maltings_Concert_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_666311.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Snape_Maltings_Concert_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_666311.jpg/330px-Snape_Maltings_Concert_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_666311.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Snape_Maltings_Concert_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_666311.jpg/440px-Snape_Maltings_Concert_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_666311.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Snape_Maltings" class="mw-redirect" title="Snape Maltings">Snape Maltings</a> Concert Hall; formerly a Victorian <a href="/wiki/Maltings" class="mw-redirect" title="Maltings">maltings</a>, now converted into a world-famous concert venue</figcaption></figure> <p>Founded in 1948 by <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a>, the annual <a href="/wiki/Aldeburgh_Festival" title="Aldeburgh Festival">Aldeburgh Festival</a> is one of the UK's major classical music festivals. Originating in <a href="/wiki/Aldeburgh" title="Aldeburgh">Aldeburgh</a>, it has been held at the nearby <a href="/wiki/Snape_Maltings" class="mw-redirect" title="Snape Maltings">Snape Maltings</a> since 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2006, <a href="/wiki/Henham_Park" title="Henham Park">Henham Park</a>, has been home to the annual <a href="/wiki/Latitude_Festival" title="Latitude Festival">Latitude Festival</a>. This mainly open-air festival, which has grown considerably in size and scope, includes popular music, comedy, poetry and literary events. The <a href="/wiki/FolkEast" title="FolkEast">FolkEast</a> festival is held at <a href="/wiki/Glemham_Hall" title="Glemham Hall">Glemham Hall</a> in August<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and attracts international acoustic, folk and roots musicians whilst also championing local businesses, heritage and crafts. In 2015 it was also home to the first instrumental festival of musical instruments and makers.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recently, <a href="/wiki/LeeStock_Music_Festival" title="LeeStock Music Festival">LeeStock Music Festival</a> has been held in <a href="/wiki/Sudbury,_Suffolk" title="Sudbury, Suffolk">Sudbury</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A celebration of the county, "Suffolk Day", was instigated in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dialect">Dialect</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Dialect"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Suffolk_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Suffolk dialect">Suffolk dialect</a> is very distinctive. <a href="/wiki/Epenthesis" title="Epenthesis">Epenthesis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yod-dropping" class="mw-redirect" title="Yod-dropping">yod-dropping</a> is common, along with non-conjugation of verbs.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Football">Football</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The county's sole professional <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> club is <a href="/wiki/Ipswich_Town_F.C." title="Ipswich Town F.C.">Ipswich Town</a>. Formed in 1878, the club were <a href="/wiki/Football_League_First_Division" title="Football League First Division">Football League champions</a> in <a href="/wiki/1962_in_association_football" title="1962 in association football">1961–62</a>, <a href="/wiki/FA_Cup" title="FA Cup">FA Cup</a> winners in <a href="/wiki/1978_in_association_football" title="1978 in association football">1977–78</a> and <a href="/wiki/UEFA_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="UEFA Cup">UEFA Cup</a> winners in <a href="/wiki/1981_in_association_football" title="1981 in association football">1980–81</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as of the <a href="/wiki/2024%E2%80%9325_in_English_football" title="2024–25 in English football">2024–25 season</a>, Ipswich Town play in the <a href="/wiki/Premier_League" title="Premier League">Premier League</a>, the top tier of English football. The club has as part of its <a href="/wiki/Crest_(sports)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crest (sports)">crest</a> the <a href="/wiki/Suffolk_Punch" title="Suffolk Punch">Suffolk Punch</a>, a now endangered breed of <a href="/wiki/Draught_horse" class="mw-redirect" title="Draught horse">draught horse</a> native to the county. The next highest ranked team in Suffolk is <a href="/wiki/Needham_Market_F.C." title="Needham Market F.C.">Needham Market</a>, who participate in the National League North, the sixth tier of English football. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Horse_racing">Horse racing</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Horse racing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The town of <a href="/wiki/Newmarket,_Suffolk" title="Newmarket, Suffolk">Newmarket</a> is the headquarters of <a href="/wiki/Horseracing_in_Great_Britain" class="mw-redirect" title="Horseracing in Great Britain">British horseracing</a> – home to the largest cluster of training yards in the country and many key horse racing organisations including the <a href="/wiki/National_Stud" class="mw-redirect" title="National Stud">National Stud</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Newmarket_Racecourse" title="Newmarket Racecourse">Newmarket Racecourse</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tattersalls" title="Tattersalls">Tattersalls</a> bloodstock auctioneers and the <a href="/wiki/National_Horseracing_Museum" title="National Horseracing Museum">National Horseracing Museum</a> are also in the town.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Point_to_point_(steeplechase)" class="mw-redirect" title="Point to point (steeplechase)">Point to point racing</a> takes place at <a href="/wiki/Higham,_Babergh" title="Higham, Babergh">Higham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ampton" title="Ampton">Ampton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Speedway">Speedway</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Speedway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_speedway" title="Motorcycle speedway">Speedway</a> racing has been staged in Suffolk since at least the 1950s, following the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Foxhall_Stadium" title="Foxhall Stadium">Foxhall Stadium</a>, just outside Ipswich, home of the <a href="/wiki/Ipswich_Witches" title="Ipswich Witches">Ipswich Witches</a>. The Witches are currently members of the <a href="/wiki/Premier_League_(speedway)" title="Premier League (speedway)">Premier League</a>, the UK's first division.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/National_League_(speedway)" class="mw-redirect" title="National League (speedway)">National League</a> team <a href="/wiki/Mildenhall_Fen_Tigers" title="Mildenhall Fen Tigers">Mildenhall Fen Tigers</a> are also from Suffolk.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cricket">Cricket</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Cricket"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_County_Cricket_Club" title="Suffolk County Cricket Club">Suffolk County Cricket Club</a> compete in the Eastern Division of the <a href="/wiki/Minor_Counties_Cricket_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor Counties Cricket Championship">Minor Counties Championship</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The club has won the championship three times outright and has shared the title one other time as well as winning the <a href="/wiki/MCCA_Knockout_Trophy" class="mw-redirect" title="MCCA Knockout Trophy">MCCA Knockout Trophy</a> once.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Home games are played in Bury St Edmunds, <a href="/wiki/Copdock" title="Copdock">Copdock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Exning" title="Exning">Exning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Framlingham" title="Framlingham">Framlingham</a>, Ipswich and Mildenhall.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flag">Flag</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Flag"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:County_Flag_of_Suffolk.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/County_Flag_of_Suffolk.svg/220px-County_Flag_of_Suffolk.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/County_Flag_of_Suffolk.svg/330px-County_Flag_of_Suffolk.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/County_Flag_of_Suffolk.svg/440px-County_Flag_of_Suffolk.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2954" data-file-height="1772" /></a><figcaption>Flag of Suffolk</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Suffolk" title="Flag of Suffolk">Flag of Suffolk</a></div> <p>The Suffolk flag is a <a href="/wiki/Banner_of_arms" title="Banner of arms">banner of arms</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a> which were <a href="/wiki/Attributed_arms" title="Attributed arms">attributed</a> to <a href="/wiki/Edmund_the_Martyr" title="Edmund the Martyr">Edmund the Martyr</a>, a medieval <a href="/wiki/King_of_East_Anglia" class="mw-redirect" title="King of East Anglia">king of East Anglia</a>. It consists of two gold arrows passing through a gold crown or with heraldic description as <i>Azure two Arrows in saltire, points downwards, enfiled with an ancient Crown Or</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suffolk_in_popular_culture">Suffolk in popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Suffolk in popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bank_of_the_River_Orwell_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1592162.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bank_of_the_River_Orwell_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1592162.jpg/220px-Bank_of_the_River_Orwell_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1592162.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bank_of_the_River_Orwell_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1592162.jpg/330px-Bank_of_the_River_Orwell_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1592162.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bank_of_the_River_Orwell_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1592162.jpg/440px-Bank_of_the_River_Orwell_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1592162.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>Bank of the <a href="/wiki/River_Orwell" title="River Orwell">River Orwell</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Framlingham_Castle_Sunset.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Framlingham_Castle_Sunset.jpg/220px-Framlingham_Castle_Sunset.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Framlingham_Castle_Sunset.jpg/330px-Framlingham_Castle_Sunset.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Framlingham_Castle_Sunset.jpg/440px-Framlingham_Castle_Sunset.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Framlingham_Castle" title="Framlingham Castle">Framingham Castle</a>, the setting which inspired <a href="/wiki/Ed_Sheeran" title="Ed Sheeran">Ed Sheeran</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Castle_on_the_Hill" title="Castle on the Hill">Castle on the Hill</a>" song</figcaption></figure> <p>Novels set in Suffolk include parts of <i><a href="/wiki/David_Copperfield" title="David Copperfield">David Copperfield</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fourth_Protocol" title="The Fourth Protocol">The Fourth Protocol</a></i>, by <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Forsyth" title="Frederick Forsyth">Frederick Forsyth</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Unnatural_Causes_(detective_novel)" title="Unnatural Causes (detective novel)">Unnatural Causes</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/P.D._James" class="mw-redirect" title="P.D. James">P.D. James</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dodie_Smith" title="Dodie Smith">Dodie Smith</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hundred_and_One_Dalmatians" title="The Hundred and One Dalmatians">The Hundred and One Dalmatians</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rings_of_Saturn" title="The Rings of Saturn">The Rings of Saturn</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/W._G._Sebald" title="W. G. Sebald">W. G. Sebald</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and among <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ransome" title="Arthur Ransome">Arthur Ransome</a>'s children's books, <i><a href="/wiki/We_Didn%27t_Mean_to_Go_to_Sea" title="We Didn't Mean to Go to Sea">We Didn't Mean to Go to Sea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coot_Club" title="Coot Club">Coot Club</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Secret_Water" title="Secret Water">Secret Water</a></i> take place in part in the county. Roald Dahl's short story <a href="/wiki/The_Mildenhall_Treasure_(story)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Mildenhall Treasure (story)">"The Mildenhall Treasure"</a> is set in Mildenhall.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A TV series about a British antiques dealer, <i><a href="/wiki/Lovejoy" title="Lovejoy">Lovejoy</a></i>, was filmed in various locations in Suffolk.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reality TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Space_Cadets_(television_hoax)" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Cadets (television hoax)">Space Cadets</a></i> was filmed in <a href="/wiki/Rendlesham_Forest" title="Rendlesham Forest">Rendlesham Forest</a>, although the producers fooled participants into believing that they were in Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several towns and villages in the county have been used for location filming of other television programmes and cinema films. These include the <a href="/wiki/BBC_Four" title="BBC Four">BBC Four</a> TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Detectorists" title="Detectorists">Detectorists</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an episode of <i><a href="/wiki/Kavanagh_QC" title="Kavanagh QC">Kavanagh QC</a>,</i> and the films <i><a href="/wiki/Iris_(2001_film)" title="Iris (2001 film)">Iris</a> and</i> <i><a href="/wiki/Drowning_by_Numbers" title="Drowning by Numbers">Drowning by Numbers</a></i>. During the period 2017–2018, a total of £3.8million was spent by film crews in Suffolk.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Rendlesham_Forest_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Rendlesham Forest Incident">Rendlesham Forest Incident</a> is one of the most famous <a href="/wiki/UFO" class="mw-redirect" title="UFO">UFO</a> events in England and is sometimes referred to as "Britain's <a href="/wiki/Roswell_UFO_incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Roswell UFO incident">Roswell</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The song "<a href="/wiki/Castle_on_the_Hill" title="Castle on the Hill">Castle on the Hill</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Ed_Sheeran" title="Ed Sheeran">Ed Sheeran</a> was referred to by him as "a <a href="/wiki/Love_letter" title="Love letter">love letter</a> to Suffolk", with lyrical references to his hometown of <a href="/wiki/Framlingham" title="Framlingham">Framlingham</a> and Framlingham Castle.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Knype Hill is the fictional name for <a href="/wiki/Southwold" title="Southwold">Southwold</a> in <a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a>'s 1935 novel <i><a href="/wiki/A_Clergyman%27s_Daughter" title="A Clergyman's Daughter">A Clergyman's Daughter</a></i>, while the character of Dorothy Hare is modelled on Brenda Salkeld, the gym mistress at St Felix School in the early 1930s.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Richard Curtis and Danny Boyle's 2019 romantic comedy <a href="/wiki/Yesterday_(2019_film)" title="Yesterday (2019 film)"><i>Yesterday</i></a> was filmed throughout Suffolk, using Halesworth, Dunwich, Shingle Street and Latitude Festival as locations.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The television series of <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Horowitz" title="Anthony Horowitz">Anthony Horowitz</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Magpie_Murders" title="Magpie Murders">Magpie Murders</a></i> was filmed extensively in Suffolk during 2021. </p><p>The 2021 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dig_(2021_film)" title="The Dig (2021 film)">The Dig</a></i>, based on the excavation of Sutton Hoo in the 1930s and starring <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Fiennes" title="Ralph Fiennes">Ralph Fiennes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carey_Mulligan" title="Carey Mulligan">Carey Mulligan</a> was mostly shot on location. </p><p>The 2022 series <i><a href="/wiki/The_Witchfinder_(TV_series)" title="The Witchfinder (TV series)">The Witchfinder</a></i> is a <a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a> sitcom based on the journey of <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Hopkins" title="Matthew Hopkins">Matthew Hopkins</a>, the Witchfinder general, and a suspected witch through <a href="/wiki/East_Anglia" title="East Anglia">East Anglia</a> and many Suffolk towns including <a href="/wiki/Stowmarket" title="Stowmarket">Stowmarket</a> and <a href="/wiki/Framlingham" title="Framlingham">Framlingham</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Witch_trials" class="mw-redirect" title="Witch trials">witch trials</a> of the <a href="/wiki/English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">English Civil War</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The county is covered by the <a href="/wiki/BBC_East" title="BBC East">BBC East</a> and <a href="/wiki/ITV_Anglia" title="ITV Anglia">ITV Anglia</a> television regions. </p><p>The BBC local radio station for the county is <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Suffolk" title="BBC Radio Suffolk">BBC Radio Suffolk</a>, broadcast from its studios in <a href="/wiki/Ipswich" title="Ipswich">Ipswich</a>. Local commercial radio stations serving the county include <a href="/wiki/Heart_East_Anglia" title="Heart East Anglia">Heart East Anglia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nation_Radio_Suffolk" title="Nation Radio Suffolk">Nation Radio Suffolk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greatest_Hits_Radio_East" title="Greatest Hits Radio East">Greatest Hits Radio East</a> and <a href="/wiki/Star_Radio_(Cambridge_and_Ely)" title="Star Radio (Cambridge and Ely)">Star Radio</a> (only covering <a href="/wiki/Haverhill,_Suffolk" title="Haverhill, Suffolk">Haverhill</a>). Community radio stations include <a href="/wiki/RWSfm_103.3" title="RWSfm 103.3">RWSfm 103.3</a> in Bury St Edmunds; <a href="/wiki/Ipswich_Community_Radio" title="Ipswich Community Radio">Ipswich Community Radio</a>; Zack FM in Mildenhall; Park Radio in Diss and Eye; and Felixstowe Radio. </p><p>Local newspapers include the <i><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_Chronicle" title="Suffolk Chronicle">Suffolk Chronicle</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/East_Anglian_Daily_Times" title="East Anglian Daily Times">East Anglian Daily Times</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Daily_Press" title="Eastern Daily Press">Eastern Daily Press</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mr_and_Mrs_Andrews_1748-49.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Mr_and_Mrs_Andrews_1748-49.jpg/220px-Mr_and_Mrs_Andrews_1748-49.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Mr_and_Mrs_Andrews_1748-49.jpg/330px-Mr_and_Mrs_Andrews_1748-49.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Mr_and_Mrs_Andrews_1748-49.jpg/440px-Mr_and_Mrs_Andrews_1748-49.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1190" data-file-height="689" /></a><figcaption>Gainsborough's <i><a href="/wiki/Mr_and_Mrs_Andrews" title="Mr and Mrs Andrews">Mr and Mrs Andrews</a></i> (1748–49), housed at the <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="National Gallery, London">National Gallery</a> in London, depicts the Suffolk landscape of his time</figcaption></figure> <p>In the arts, Suffolk is noted for having been home to two of England's best regarded painters, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gainsborough" title="Thomas Gainsborough">Thomas Gainsborough</a><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/John_Constable" title="John Constable">John Constable</a> – the Stour Valley area is branded as "Constable Country"<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – and one of its most noted composers, <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other artistic figures connected with Suffolk include: <a href="/wiki/Sir_Alfred_Munnings" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Alfred Munnings">Sir Alfred Munnings</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Nash_(artist)" title="John Nash (artist)">John Nash</a>, sculptor <a href="/wiki/Dame_Elizabeth_Frink" class="mw-redirect" title="Dame Elizabeth Frink">Dame Elizabeth Frink</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cedric_Morris" title="Cedric Morris">Cedric Morris</a> who ran the <a href="/wiki/East_Anglian_School_of_Painting_and_Drawing" title="East Anglian School of Painting and Drawing">East Anglian School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philip_Wilson_Steer" title="Philip Wilson Steer">Philip Wilson Steer</a>, and the cartoonist <a href="/wiki/Carl_Giles" title="Carl Giles">Carl Giles</a> (a bronze statue of his character "Grandma" is located in Ipswich town centre); the poets <a href="/wiki/George_Crabbe" title="George Crabbe">George Crabbe</a><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bloomfield" title="Robert Bloomfield">Robert Bloomfield</a> were both born in Suffolk;<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> farmer and writer <a href="/wiki/Adrian_Bell" title="Adrian Bell">Adrian Bell</a>, writer and <a href="/wiki/Literary_editor" title="Literary editor">literary editor</a> <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Blythe" title="Ronald Blythe">Ronald Blythe</a>, <a href="/wiki/V._S._Pritchett" title="V. S. Pritchett">V. S. Pritchett</a>, the authors Ralph <a href="/wiki/Hammond_Innes" title="Hammond Innes">Hammond Innes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Rendell" title="Ruth Rendell">Ruth Rendell</a> all lived in the county. </p><p>The writer <a href="/wiki/M._M._Kaye" title="M. M. Kaye">M. M. Kaye</a> spent her last years in Suffolk and died in <a href="/wiki/Lavenham" title="Lavenham">Lavenham</a>. Actors <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Fiennes" title="Ralph Fiennes">Ralph Fiennes</a><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hoskins" title="Bob Hoskins">Bob Hoskins</a>, actress and singer <a href="/wiki/Kerry_Ellis" title="Kerry Ellis">Kerry Ellis</a>, musician and record producer <a href="/wiki/Brian_Eno" title="Brian Eno">Brian Eno</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> multi-award winning singer-songwriter <a href="/wiki/Ed_Sheeran" title="Ed Sheeran">Ed Sheeran</a> and sopranos <a href="/wiki/Laura_Wright_(singer)" title="Laura Wright (singer)">Laura Wright</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christina_Johnston" title="Christina Johnston">Christina Johnston</a><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are all connected with the county. <a href="/wiki/Glam_rock" title="Glam rock">Glam rock</a> band and three time <a href="/wiki/Brit_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Brit Award">Brit Award</a> winners <a href="/wiki/The_Darkness_(band)" title="The Darkness (band)">the Darkness</a> hail from Lowestoft. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" title="Hip hop music">Hip hop</a> DJ <a href="/wiki/Tim_Westwood" title="Tim Westwood">Tim Westwood</a> is originally from Suffolk and the influential DJ and radio presenter <a href="/wiki/John_Peel" title="John Peel">John Peel</a> made the county his home.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Contemporary painter <a href="/wiki/Maggi_Hambling" title="Maggi Hambling">Maggi Hambling</a>, was born and resides in Suffolk. <a href="/wiki/Norah_Lofts" title="Norah Lofts">Norah Lofts</a>, author of best-selling historical novels, lived for decades in Bury St. Edmunds. <a href="/wiki/Peter_Hall_(director)" title="Peter Hall (director)">Sir Peter Hall</a> the founder of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Shakespeare_Company" title="Royal Shakespeare Company">Royal Shakespeare Company</a> was born in Bury St. Edmunds, and <a href="/wiki/Sir_Trevor_Nunn" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Trevor Nunn">Sir Trevor Nunn</a> the theatre director was born in Ipswich. The actor <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Mills" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir John Mills">Sir John Mills</a> spent periods of his youth in the county. The designer <a href="/wiki/David_Hicks_(British_designer)" title="David Hicks (British designer)">David Hicks</a> lived for a number of years in Suffolk. Model <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Schiffer" title="Claudia Schiffer">Claudia Schiffer</a> and her husband, the film director <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Vaughn" title="Matthew Vaughn">Matthew Vaughn</a>, have owned a house in Suffolk since 2002. </p><p>Suffolk's contributions to sport include <a href="/wiki/Formula_One" title="Formula One">Formula One</a> magnate <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Ecclestone" title="Bernie Ecclestone">Bernie Ecclestone</a> and former <a href="/wiki/England_national_football_team" title="England national football team">England</a> <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">footballers</a> <a href="/wiki/Terry_Butcher" title="Terry Butcher">Terry Butcher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kieron_Dyer" title="Kieron Dyer">Kieron Dyer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Upson" title="Matthew Upson">Matthew Upson</a>. Due to <a href="/wiki/Newmarket,_Suffolk" title="Newmarket, Suffolk">Newmarket</a> being the centre of British <a href="/wiki/Horse_racing" title="Horse racing">horse racing</a> many jockeys have settled in the county, including <a href="/wiki/Lester_Piggott" title="Lester Piggott">Lester Piggott</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frankie_Dettori" title="Frankie Dettori">Frankie Dettori</a>. <a href="/wiki/MMA" class="mw-redirect" title="MMA">MMA</a> fighter <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Allen" title="Arnold Allen">Arnold Allen</a> was born in Suffolk. <a href="/wiki/Fabio_Wardley" title="Fabio Wardley">Fabio Wardley</a> English heavyweight champion is also from Suffolk. </p><p>Significant ecclesiastical figures from Suffolk include <a href="/wiki/Simon_Sudbury" title="Simon Sudbury">Simon Sudbury</a>, a former <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">archbishop of Canterbury</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> former <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor">Lord High Chancellor</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cardinal_Wolsey" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Cardinal Wolsey">Cardinal Thomas Wolsey</a> hailed from Ipswich;<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and author, poet and Benedictine monk <a href="/wiki/John_Lydgate" title="John Lydgate">John Lydgate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Hakluyt" title="Richard Hakluyt">Richard Hakluyt</a> the great recorder of exploration and voyages was a clergyman in <a href="/wiki/Wetheringsett-cum-Brockford" title="Wetheringsett-cum-Brockford">Wetheringsett</a>. <a href="/wiki/Edward_FitzGerald_(poet)" title="Edward FitzGerald (poet)">Edward FitzGerald</a>, the first translator of the <a href="/wiki/Rubaiyat_of_Omar_Khayyam" title="Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam">Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam</a>, was born in <a href="/wiki/Bredfield" title="Bredfield">Bredfield</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism" title="Abolitionism">abolitionists</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Clarkson" title="Thomas Clarkson">Thomas Clarkson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Dykes_Alexander" title="Richard Dykes Alexander">Richard Dykes Alexander</a> both lived near Ipswich. The <a href="/wiki/Agriculturist" title="Agriculturist">agriculturist</a> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Young_(agriculturist)" title="Arthur Young (agriculturist)">Arthur Young</a> had a long-standing association with the county. </p><p>Other significant persons from Suffolk include the great <a href="/wiki/Landscape_architecture" title="Landscape architecture">landscape designer</a> <a href="/wiki/Humphry_Repton" title="Humphry Repton">Humphry Repton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suffragette" title="Suffragette">suffragette</a> <a href="/wiki/Dame_Millicent_Garrett_Fawcett" class="mw-redirect" title="Dame Millicent Garrett Fawcett">Dame Millicent Garrett Fawcett</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the captain of <i><a href="/wiki/HMS_Beagle" title="HMS Beagle">HMS Beagle</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_FitzRoy" title="Robert FitzRoy">Robert FitzRoy</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Witch-finder General <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Hopkins" title="Matthew Hopkins">Matthew Hopkins</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> educationist <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Catchpole" title="Hugh Catchpole">Hugh Catchpole</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Britain's first female physician and mayor, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Garrett_Anderson" title="Elizabeth Garrett Anderson">Elizabeth Garrett Anderson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a> treatment pioneer <a href="/wiki/Jane_Harriet_Walker" class="mw-redirect" title="Jane Harriet Walker">Jane Walker</a> ran the East Anglian Sanatorium above the banks of the <a href="/wiki/River_Stour,_Suffolk" title="River Stour, Suffolk">River Stour</a>, and charity leader <a href="/wiki/Sue_Ryder" title="Sue Ryder">Sue Ryder</a> settled in Suffolk and based her charity in <a href="/wiki/Cavendish,_Suffolk" title="Cavendish, Suffolk">Cavendish</a>. </p><p>The popular Victorian novelist <a href="/wiki/Henry_Seton_Merriman" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Seton Merriman">Henry Seton Merriman</a> lived and died in the village of <a href="/wiki/Melton,_Suffolk" title="Melton, Suffolk">Melton</a>. Between 1932 and 1939 <a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a> lived at his parents' home in the coastal town of Southwold, where a mural of the author now dominates the entrance to Southwold Pier.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is said to have chosen his pen name from Suffolk's <a href="/wiki/River_Orwell" title="River Orwell">River Orwell</a>. <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ransome" title="Arthur Ransome">Arthur Ransome</a> lived alongside the river during the 1930s, sailing his boats from <a href="/wiki/Pin_Mill" title="Pin Mill">Pin Mill</a> and along the <a href="/wiki/Shotley_Peninsula" title="Shotley Peninsula">Shotley Peninsula</a>. The county was also home to <a href="/wiki/Wild_swimming" class="mw-redirect" title="Wild swimming">wild swimmer</a> and environmentalist <a href="/wiki/Roger_Deakin" title="Roger Deakin">Roger Deakin</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Edmund_of_East_Anglia">Edmund of East Anglia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Edmund of East Anglia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>King of East Anglia and Christian <a href="/wiki/Martyr" title="Martyr">martyr</a> <a href="/wiki/Edmund_the_Martyr" title="Edmund the Martyr">St Edmund</a>, after whom the town of <a href="/wiki/Bury_St_Edmunds" title="Bury St Edmunds">Bury St Edmunds</a> is named, was killed by invading Danes in the year 869. St Edmund was the <a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron saint</a> of England until he was replaced by <a href="/wiki/St_George" class="mw-redirect" title="St George">St George</a> in the 13th century. 2006 saw the failure of a campaign to have St Edmund named the patron saint of England. In 2007 he was named the patron saint of Suffolk, with St Edmund's Day falling on 20 November. His <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Suffolk" title="Flag of Suffolk">flag</a> is flown in Suffolk on that day. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Southwold_maisons_phare.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Southwold, a popular seaside town"><img alt="Southwold, a popular seaside town" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Southwold_maisons_phare.jpg/194px-Southwold_maisons_phare.jpg" decoding="async" width="194" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Southwold_maisons_phare.jpg/291px-Southwold_maisons_phare.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Southwold_maisons_phare.jpg/388px-Southwold_maisons_phare.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2444" data-file-height="1891" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Southwold" title="Southwold">Southwold</a>, a popular seaside town</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Architectural_Detail_-_Lavenham_-_Suffolk_-_England_-_09_(28226197172).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lavenham is a preserved medieval village"><img alt="Lavenham is a preserved medieval village" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Architectural_Detail_-_Lavenham_-_Suffolk_-_England_-_09_%2828226197172%29.jpg/200px-Architectural_Detail_-_Lavenham_-_Suffolk_-_England_-_09_%2828226197172%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Architectural_Detail_-_Lavenham_-_Suffolk_-_England_-_09_%2828226197172%29.jpg/300px-Architectural_Detail_-_Lavenham_-_Suffolk_-_England_-_09_%2828226197172%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Architectural_Detail_-_Lavenham_-_Suffolk_-_England_-_09_%2828226197172%29.jpg/400px-Architectural_Detail_-_Lavenham_-_Suffolk_-_England_-_09_%2828226197172%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lavenham" title="Lavenham">Lavenham</a> is a preserved medieval village</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Edmundsbury_Cathedral_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1292400.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="St Edmundsbury Cathedral"><img alt="St Edmundsbury Cathedral" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/St_Edmundsbury_Cathedral_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1292400.jpg/200px-St_Edmundsbury_Cathedral_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1292400.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/St_Edmundsbury_Cathedral_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1292400.jpg/300px-St_Edmundsbury_Cathedral_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1292400.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/St_Edmundsbury_Cathedral_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1292400.jpg/400px-St_Edmundsbury_Cathedral_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1292400.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/St_Edmundsbury_Cathedral" title="St Edmundsbury Cathedral">St Edmundsbury Cathedral</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Supposed_UFO_landing_site_-_Rendlesham_Forest_-_geograph.org.uk_-_263104.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rendlesham Forest"><img alt="Rendlesham Forest" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Supposed_UFO_landing_site_-_Rendlesham_Forest_-_geograph.org.uk_-_263104.jpg/200px-Supposed_UFO_landing_site_-_Rendlesham_Forest_-_geograph.org.uk_-_263104.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Supposed_UFO_landing_site_-_Rendlesham_Forest_-_geograph.org.uk_-_263104.jpg/300px-Supposed_UFO_landing_site_-_Rendlesham_Forest_-_geograph.org.uk_-_263104.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Supposed_UFO_landing_site_-_Rendlesham_Forest_-_geograph.org.uk_-_263104.jpg/400px-Supposed_UFO_landing_site_-_Rendlesham_Forest_-_geograph.org.uk_-_263104.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="426" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rendlesham_Forest" title="Rendlesham Forest">Rendlesham Forest</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beach_Front,_Aldeburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_959856.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aldeburgh beachfront"><img alt="Aldeburgh beachfront" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Beach_Front%2C_Aldeburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_959856.jpg/200px-Beach_Front%2C_Aldeburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_959856.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Beach_Front%2C_Aldeburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_959856.jpg/300px-Beach_Front%2C_Aldeburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_959856.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Beach_Front%2C_Aldeburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_959856.jpg/400px-Beach_Front%2C_Aldeburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_959856.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Aldeburgh" title="Aldeburgh">Aldeburgh</a> beachfront</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kersey_-_Ancient_Cottages.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ancient Cottages in Kersey"><img alt="Ancient Cottages in Kersey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Kersey_-_Ancient_Cottages.jpg/200px-Kersey_-_Ancient_Cottages.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Kersey_-_Ancient_Cottages.jpg/300px-Kersey_-_Ancient_Cottages.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Kersey_-_Ancient_Cottages.jpg/400px-Kersey_-_Ancient_Cottages.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1063" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ancient Cottages in <a href="/wiki/Kersey,_Suffolk" title="Kersey, Suffolk">Kersey</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_of_interest_in_Suffolk" title="List of places of interest in Suffolk">List of places of interest in Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Suffolk" title="History of Suffolk">History of Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Suffolk" title="Healthcare in Suffolk">Healthcare in Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Suffolk (UK Parliament constituency)">Suffolk (UK Parliament constituency)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_Police_and_Crime_Commissioner" title="Suffolk Police and Crime Commissioner">Suffolk Police and Crime Commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_Coast_and_Heaths" class="mw-redirect" title="Suffolk Coast and Heaths">Suffolk Coast and Heaths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Suffolk" title="Lord Lieutenant of Suffolk">List of Lords Lieutenant of Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Suffolk" title="High Sheriff of Suffolk">List of High Sheriffs of Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_Youth_Orchestra" title="Suffolk Youth Orchestra">Suffolk Youth Orchestra</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-fn_4-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fn_4_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Components may not sum to totals due to rounding</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fn_1-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fn_1_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">includes hunting and forestry</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fn_2-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fn_2_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">includes energy and construction</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fn_3-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fn_3_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGazette62943" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/62943/page/5161">"No. 62943"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i>. 13 March 2020. p. 5161.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+62943&rft.pages=5161&rft.date=2020-03-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F62943%2Fpage%2F5161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=/aboutus/transparencyandgovernance/freedomofinformationfoi/mid2022populationestimatesbylieutenancyareas/1997lieutenancyarea2022estimatesfinal3.xlsx">"Mid-2022 population estimates by Lieutenancy areas (as at 1997) for England and Wales"</a>. <i>Office for National Statistics</i>. 24 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft.atitle=Mid-Year+Population+Estimates%2C+UK%2C+June+2022&rft.date=2024-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Ffile%3Furi%3D%2Fpeoplepopulationandcommunity%2Fpopulationandmigration%2Fpopulationestimates%2Fdatasets%2Fpopulationestimatesforukenglandandwalesscotlandandnorthernireland%2Fmid2022%2Fmye22final.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://coastandheaths.org/managing/conservation-and-enhancement/features-and-habitats/">"Features and Habitats"</a>. <i>coastandheaths.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230902121501/https://coastandheaths.org/managing/conservation-and-enhancement/features-and-habitats/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=coastandheaths.org&rft.atitle=Features+and+Habitats&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcoastandheaths.org%2Fmanaging%2Fconservation-and-enhancement%2Ffeatures-and-habitats%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20130827191609/http://www.worldshipping.org/about-the-industry/global-trade/top-50-world-container-ports">"Top 50 Container Ports in Europe"</a>. World Shipping Council. 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Martin, <i>The Cruciform Brooch and Anglo-Saxon England</i>, Boydell and Brewer Press (2015), pp. 174–178</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDark" class="citation web cs1">Dark, Ken R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210601080017/https://www.reading.ac.uk/web/files/GCMS/RMS-2003-03_K._R._Dark%2C_Large-scale_population_movements_into_and_from_Britan_south_of_Hadrian%27s_Wall_in_the_fourth_to_sixth_centuries_AD.pdf">"Large-scale population movements into and from Britain south of Hadrian's Wall in the fourth to sixth centuries AD"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reading.ac.uk/web/files/GCMS/RMS-2003-03_K._R._Dark%2C_Large-scale_population_movements_into_and_from_Britan_south_of_Hadrian%27s_Wall_in_the_fourth_to_sixth_centuries_AD.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 1 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Large-scale+population+movements+into+and+from+Britain+south+of+Hadrian%27s+Wall+in+the+fourth+to+sixth+centuries+AD&rft.aulast=Dark&rft.aufirst=Ken+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reading.ac.uk%2Fweb%2Ffiles%2FGCMS%2FRMS-2003-03_K._R._Dark%252C_Large-scale_population_movements_into_and_from_Britan_south_of_Hadrian%2527s_Wall_in_the_fourth_to_sixth_centuries_AD.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091231034804/http://www.englishplacenames.co.uk/">"English Place Names"</a>. <i>englishplaceneames.co.uk</i>. James Rye. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.englishplacenames.co.uk/">the original</a> on 31 December 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=englishplaceneames.co.uk&rft.atitle=English+Place+Names&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.englishplacenames.co.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Reports of cases argued and determined in the Queen's Bench Practice Court</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.communities.gov.uk/news/corporate/1463715">the original</a> on 14 February 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Unitary+authorities-Exeter+and+Norwich+get+green+light&rft.pub=Department+for+Communities+and+Local+Government&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.communities.gov.uk%2Fnews%2Fcorporate%2F1463715&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.communities.gov.uk/news/corporate/159177711">"Pickles stops unitary councils in Exeter, Norwich and Suffolk"</a>. Department for Communities and Local Government. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100530091541/http://www.communities.gov.uk/news/corporate/159177711">Archived</a> from the original on 30 May 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pickles+stops+unitary+councils+in+Exeter%2C+Norwich+and+Suffolk&rft.pub=Department+for+Communities+and+Local+Government&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.communities.gov.uk%2Fnews%2Fcorporate%2F159177711&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMinistry_of_Housing,_Communities_and_Local_Government2018" class="citation web cs1">Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (24 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2018/639/contents/made">"The West Suffolk (Local Government Changes) Order 2018"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+West+Suffolk+%28Local+Government+Changes%29+Order+2018&rft.pub=Government+of+the+United+Kingdom&rft.date=2018-05-24&rft.au=Ministry+of+Housing%2C+Communities+and+Local+Government&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.gov.uk%2Fuksi%2F2018%2F639%2Fcontents%2Fmade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMinistry_of_Housing,_Communities_and_Local_Government2018" class="citation web cs1">Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (24 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2018/640/contents/made">"The East Suffolk (Local Government Changes) Order 2018"</a>. Government of the United Kingdom. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180528215213/http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2018/640/contents/made">Archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+East+Suffolk+%28Local+Government+Changes%29+Order+2018&rft.pub=Government+of+the+United+Kingdom&rft.date=2018-05-24&rft.au=Ministry+of+Housing%2C+Communities+and+Local+Government&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.gov.uk%2Fuksi%2F2018%2F640%2Fcontents%2Fmade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall1994" class="citation book cs1">Hall, David (1994). <i>Fenland survey : an essay in landscape and persistence / David Hall and John Coles</i>. 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The National Trust. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151011051300/http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/sutton-hoo/history/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sutton+Hoo+History&rft.pub=The+National+Trust&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationaltrust.org.uk%2Fsutton-hoo%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eadt.co.uk/news/west-suffolk-roman-skeletons-discovered-by-anglian-water-in-barnham-bardwell-pakenham-and-rougham-1-3568501">"Roman skeletons discovered by Anglian Water in Barnham, Bardwell, Pakenham and Rougham"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Roman+skeletons+discovered+by+Anglian+Water+in+Barnham%2C+Bardwell%2C+Pakenham+and+Rougham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eadt.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fwest-suffolk-roman-skeletons-discovered-by-anglian-water-in-barnham-bardwell-pakenham-and-rougham-1-3568501&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-46763020">"Decapitated bodies found in Roman cemetery in Great Whelnetham"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230902121409/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-suffolk-46763020">Archived</a> from the original on 2 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Decapitated+bodies+found+in+Roman+cemetery+in+Great+Whelnetham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-suffolk-46763020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eadt.co.uk/news/suffolk-3rd-best-place-to-find-archaeological-treasures-1-6798397">"Suffolk 'third best place in UK' to find archaeological treasures, survey shows"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Suffolk+%27third+best+place+in+UK%27+to+find+archaeological+treasures%2C+survey+shows&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eadt.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fsuffolk-3rd-best-place-to-find-archaeological-treasures-1-6798397&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/08/03/metal-detectorist-guards-100k-hoard-silver-two-sleepless-nights/">"Metal detectorist guards £100k hoard of silver for two sleepless nights over 'nighthawk' fears"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/08/03/metal-detectorist-guards-100k-hoard-silver-two-sleepless-nights/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Metal+detectorist+guards+%C2%A3100k+hoard+of+silver+for+two+sleepless+nights+over+%27nighthawk%27+fears&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2020%2F08%2F03%2Fmetal-detectorist-guards-100k-hoard-silver-two-sleepless-nights%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-suffolk-54177762">"Oulton burial site: Sutton Hoo-era Anglo-Saxon cemetery discovered"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 16 September 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230902121409/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-suffolk-54177762">Archived</a> from the original on 2 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Oulton+burial+site%3A+Sutton+Hoo-era+Anglo-Saxon+cemetery+discovered&rft.date=2020-09-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-suffolk-54177762&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFox" class="citation news cs1">Fox, Alex. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/ghostly-anglo-saxon-burials-uncovered-england-180975862/">"This Anglo-Saxon Cemetery Is Filled With Corpses' Ghostly Silhouettes"</a>. <i>Smithsonian Magazine</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230902121410/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/ghostly-anglo-saxon-burials-uncovered-england-180975862/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+Magazine&rft.atitle=This+Anglo-Saxon+Cemetery+Is+Filled+With+Corpses%27+Ghostly+Silhouettes&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smithsonianmag.com%2Fsmart-news%2Fghostly-anglo-saxon-burials-uncovered-england-180975862%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britain-magazine.com/features/history/suffolk-architecture">"History of Suffolk county's architecture"</a>. <i>Britain Magazine</i>. 25 March 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210304184452/https://www.britain-magazine.com/features/history/suffolk-architecture/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Britain+Magazine&rft.atitle=History+of+Suffolk+county%27s+architecture&rft.date=2020-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britain-magazine.com%2Ffeatures%2Fhistory%2Fsuffolk-architecture&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPartner2018" class="citation news cs1">Partner, Claire (13 January 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-42634851">"Why is pink the traditional colour to paint houses in Suffolk?"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201109003743/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-42634851">Archived</a> from the original on 9 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Why+is+pink+the+traditional+colour+to+paint+houses+in+Suffolk%3F&rft.date=2018-01-13&rft.aulast=Partner&rft.aufirst=Claire&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-42634851&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-23642051">"Marco Pierre White repaints Angel Hotel Suffolk pink"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211212021809/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-23642051">Archived</a> from the original on 12 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Marco+Pierre+White+repaints+Angel+Hotel+Suffolk+pink&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-suffolk-23642051&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaw" class="citation news cs1">Gaw, Matt. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eadt.co.uk/news/lavenham-village-not-tickled-pink-by-marco-pierre-white-s-paint-choice-1-2314592">"Lavenham: Village not tickled pink by Marco Pierre White's paint choice"</a>. East Anglian Daily Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180703134237/http://www.eadt.co.uk/news/lavenham-village-not-tickled-pink-by-marco-pierre-white-s-paint-choice-1-2314592">Archived</a> from the original on 3 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Lavenham%3A+Village+not+tickled+pink+by+Marco+Pierre+White%27s+paint+choice&rft.aulast=Gaw&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eadt.co.uk%2Fnews%2Flavenham-village-not-tickled-pink-by-marco-pierre-white-s-paint-choice-1-2314592&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fennwright.co.uk/about-us/news/the-history-behind-suffolk-pink-houses">"The history behind Suffolk Pink houses"</a>. <i>Fenn Wright</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108094837/https://www.fennwright.co.uk/about-us/news/the-history-behind-suffolk-pink-houses/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fenn+Wright&rft.atitle=The+history+behind+Suffolk+Pink+houses&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fennwright.co.uk%2Fabout-us%2Fnews%2Fthe-history-behind-suffolk-pink-houses&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://realenglishfruit.co.uk/suffolk-pink">"The origin of the Suffolk Pink apple variety"</a>. <i>Real English Fruit</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200925103430/https://realenglishfruit.co.uk/suffolk-pink/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Real+English+Fruit&rft.atitle=The+origin+of+the+Suffolk+Pink+apple+variety&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frealenglishfruit.co.uk%2Fsuffolk-pink&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.suffolkmag.co.uk/out-about/suffolk-s-forgotten-beauty-high-suffolk-1-4695190">"Suffolk's forgotten beauty"</a>. Suffolk Magazine. 19 September 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201022201906/https://www.suffolkmag.co.uk/out-about/suffolk-s-forgotten-beauty-high-suffolk-1-4695190">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Suffolk%27s+forgotten+beauty&rft.pub=Suffolk+Magazine&rft.date=2016-09-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.suffolkmag.co.uk%2Fout-about%2Fsuffolk-s-forgotten-beauty-high-suffolk-1-4695190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBathurst2012" class="citation book cs1">Bathurst, David (2012). <i>Walking the county high points of England</i>. Summersdale. pp. 21–26. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781849532396" title="Special:BookSources/9781849532396"><bdi>9781849532396</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Walking+the+county+high+points+of+England&rft.pages=21-26&rft.pub=Summersdale&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781849532396&rft.aulast=Bathurst&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plantlife.org.uk/wild_plants/plant_species/oxlip">"Plant & fungi species: Wild plants"</a>. Plantlife.org.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150625193814/http://www.plantlife.org.uk/wild_plants/plant_species/oxlip">Archived</a> from the original on 25 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Plant+%26+fungi+species%3A+Wild+plants&rft.pub=Plantlife.org.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plantlife.org.uk%2Fwild_plants%2Fplant_species%2Foxlip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20160317040919/http://www.suffolkobservatory.info/IAS/profiles/profile?profileId=34&geoTypeId=14&geoIds=42%23iasProfileSection7">"Area Profile Suffolk Observatory"</a>. <i>suffolkobservatory.info</i>. GeoWise. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suffolkobservatory.info/IAS/profiles/profile?profileId=34&geoTypeId=14&geoIds=42#iasProfileSection7">the original</a> on 17 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=suffolkobservatory.info&rft.atitle=Area+Profile+Suffolk+Observatory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.suffolkobservatory.info%2FIAS%2Fprofiles%2Fprofile%3FprofileId%3D34%26geoTypeId%3D14%26geoIds%3D42%23iasProfileSection7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">'The British Almanac' – 1835</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNall2006" class="citation book cs1">Nall, John Greaves (2006). <i>Nall's Glossary of East Anglian Dialect</i>. Larks Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781904006343" title="Special:BookSources/9781904006343"><bdi>9781904006343</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nall%27s+Glossary+of+East+Anglian+Dialect&rft.pub=Larks+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9781904006343&rft.aulast=Nall&rft.aufirst=John+Greaves&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTorlesse1877" class="citation book cs1">Torlesse, Charles Martin (1877). <i>Some Account of Stoke by Nayland, Suffolk</i>. Harrison.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Some+Account+of+Stoke+by+Nayland%2C+Suffolk&rft.pub=Harrison&rft.date=1877&rft.aulast=Torlesse&rft.aufirst=Charles+Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBriggs2022" class="citation journal cs1">Briggs, Keith (2022). "Silly Suffolk". <i>Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History</i>. <b>45</b> (2): 295.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Suffolk+Institute+of+Archaeology+and+History&rft.atitle=Silly+Suffolk&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=295&rft.date=2022&rft.aulast=Briggs&rft.aufirst=Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.eadt.co.uk/news/23883014.east-englands-top-crops-revealed-new-figures/">https://www.eadt.co.uk/news/23883014.east-englands-top-crops-revealed-new-figures/</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://suffolkshow.co.uk/">"The Suffolk Show"</a>. <i>suffolkshow.co.uk</i>. Suffolk Show 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151112153310/http://suffolkshow.co.uk/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=suffolkshow.co.uk&rft.atitle=The+Suffolk+Show&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsuffolkshow.co.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070226163731/http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_economy/RegionalGVA.pdf">"[ARCHIVED CONTENT] UK Government Web Archive"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Government of the United Kingdom. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_economy/RegionalGVA.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 26 February 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%5BARCHIVED+CONTENT%5D+UK+Government+Web+Archive&rft.pub=Government+of+the+United+Kingdom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistics.gov.uk%2Fdownloads%2Ftheme_economy%2FRegionalGVA.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sudburytoday.co.uk/ViewArticle2.aspx?SectionID=850&ArticleID=1912030">"Suffolk Free Press"</a>. Sudburytoday.co.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Suffolk+Free+Press&rft.pub=Sudburytoday.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sudburytoday.co.uk%2FViewArticle2.aspx%3FSectionID%3D850%26ArticleID%3D1912030&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reports.ofsted.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/local_authority_reports/Focused_school_insp_letters/Letter%20to%20Suffolk%20DCS%20following%20focused%20school%20inspections.pdf">"Letter to local authority DCS following focused school inspections"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305093836/http://reports.ofsted.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/local_authority_reports/Focused_school_insp_letters/Letter%20to%20Suffolk%20DCS%20following%20focused%20school%20inspections.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 5 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Letter+to+local+authority+DCS+following+focused+school+inspections&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freports.ofsted.gov.uk%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Flocal_authority_reports%2FFocused_school_insp_letters%2FLetter%2520to%2520Suffolk%2520DCS%2520following%2520focused%2520school%2520inspections.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-essex-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-essex_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-essex_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.essex.ac.uk/partners/institutions/ucs.aspx">University Campus Suffolk</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126045235/http://www.essex.ac.uk/partners/institutions/ucs.aspx">Archived</a> 26 January 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, University of Essex. Retrieved 28 September 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-torygraph-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-torygraph_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/universityeducation/universities-and-colleges/8563982/University-Campus-Suffolk-guide.html">University Campus Suffolk guide</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120627022630/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/universityeducation/universities-and-colleges/8563982/University-Campus-Suffolk-guide.html">Archived</a> 27 June 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Daily Telegraph</i>, 21 June 2011. Retrieved 28 September 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-36307221">"University Campus Suffolk gains independence"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 17 May 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201042713/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-36307221">Archived</a> from the original on 1 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=University+Campus+Suffolk+gains+independence&rft.date=2016-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-suffolk-36307221&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucs.ac.uk/About/News/2016/20160517_University-Campus-Suffolk-gains-approval-to-become-the-University-of-Suffolk.aspx">"University Campus Suffolk gains approval to become the University of Suffolk"</a>. <i>ucs.ac.uk</i>. 4 July 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160521083104/http://www.ucs.ac.uk/About/News/2016/20160517_University-Campus-Suffolk-gains-approval-to-become-the-University-of-Suffolk.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 21 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ucs.ac.uk&rft.atitle=University+Campus+Suffolk+gains+approval+to+become+the+University+of+Suffolk&rft.date=2016-07-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucs.ac.uk%2FAbout%2FNews%2F2016%2F20160517_University-Campus-Suffolk-gains-approval-to-become-the-University-of-Suffolk.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-uea-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-uea_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uea.ac.uk/partnerships/Suffolk">University Campus Suffolk</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150707110505/http://www.uea.ac.uk/partnerships/Suffolk">Archived</a> 7 July 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, University of East Anglia. Retrieved 28 September 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uos.ac.uk/about/academic-schools/">"Academic Schools | University of Suffolk"</a>. <i>www.uos.ac.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=leestock.org&rft.atitle=LeeStock+Music+Festival&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fleestock.org%2F%23home&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eadt.co.uk/news/why_we_should_celebrate_our_county_with_suffolk_day_1_4956072">"Why we should celebrate our county with Suffolk Day"</a>. <i>East Anglian Daily Times</i>. 31 March 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170331114054/http://www.eadt.co.uk/news/why_we_should_celebrate_our_county_with_suffolk_day_1_4956072">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Ipswich Town F.C. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itfc.premiumtv.co.uk/page/HistoryDetail/0,,10272~347323,00.html">the original</a> on 13 December 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tattersalls.com&rft.atitle=Tattersalls&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tattersalls.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhrm.co.uk/website=nhrm.com">"National Horseracing Museum"</a>. National Horseracing Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Ipswich Speedway. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160101134325/http://www.ipswichwitches.co/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ipswichwitches.co&rft.atitle=Ipswich+Speedway+Official+Website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ipswichwitches.co%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mildenhallfentigers.co/">"Mildenhall Fen Tigers"</a>. <i>mildenhallfentigers.co</i>. 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ESPNcricinfo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080724041225/http://uk.cricinfo.com/db/NATIONAL/ENG/MINOR/MCCA/GROUNDS.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 July 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Rings+of+Saturn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fbooks%2F98%2F07%2F26%2Freviews%2F980726.26silmant.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120402014713/http://blog.britishmuseum.org/2012/03/29/roald-dahl-and-the-mildenhall-treasure/">"Roald Dahl and the Mildenhall Treasure"</a>. British Museum. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Roald+Dahl+and+the+Mildenhall+Treasure&rft.pub=British+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.britishmuseum.org%2F2012%2F03%2F29%2Froald-dahl-and-the-mildenhall-treasure%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sudburymercury.co.uk/news/21581351.memories-lovejoy-man-put-east-anglia-map/">"Memories of Lovejoy, the man who put East Anglia on the map"</a>. <i>Sudbury Mercury</i>. February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sudbury+Mercury&rft.atitle=Memories+of+Lovejoy%2C+the+man+who+put+East+Anglia+on+the+map&rft.date=2015-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sudburymercury.co.uk%2Fnews%2F21581351.memories-lovejoy-man-put-east-anglia-map%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukgameshows.com/ukgs/Space_Cadets_%282%29">"Space Cadets"</a>. <i>ukgameshows.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ukgameshows.com&rft.atitle=Space+Cadets&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukgameshows.com%2Fukgs%2FSpace_Cadets_%25282%2529&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Season 1, DVD extra 'Behind-the-Scenes'</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.buryfreepress.co.uk/news/david-copperfield-film-shoot-in-bury-st-edmunds-generated-82-500-for-towns-economy-9063396/">"David Copperfield film shoot in Bury St Edmunds generated £82,500 for town's economy"</a>. <i>Bury Free Press</i>. 1 March 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190302004856/https://www.buryfreepress.co.uk/news/david-copperfield-film-shoot-in-bury-st-edmunds-generated-82-500-for-towns-economy-9063396/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bury+Free+Press&rft.atitle=David+Copperfield+film+shoot+in+Bury+St+Edmunds+generated+%C2%A382%2C500+for+town%27s+economy&rft.date=2019-03-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.buryfreepress.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fdavid-copperfield-film-shoot-in-bury-st-edmunds-generated-82-500-for-towns-economy-9063396%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/ufo/10132449/UFO-files-Rendlesham-Forest-incident-remains-Britains-most-tantalising-sighting.html">"UFOFiles Rendlesham Forest"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151026075441/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/ufo/10132449/UFO-files-Rendlesham-Forest-incident-remains-Britains-most-tantalising-sighting.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=UFOFiles+Rendlesham+Forest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnewstopics%2Fhowaboutthat%2Fufo%2F10132449%2FUFO-files-Rendlesham-Forest-incident-remains-Britains-most-tantalising-sighting.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04njps2">"Castle on the Hill: Ed Sheeran's love letter to Suffolk, Ed Sheeran co-host..., Scott Mills – BBC Radio 1"</a>. <i>BBC</i>. 6 January 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170108171230/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04njps2">Archived</a> from the original on 8 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Castle+on+the+Hill%3A+Ed+Sheeran%27s+love+letter+to+Suffolk%2C+Ed+Sheeran+co-host...%2C+Scott+Mills+%E2%80%93+BBC+Radio+1&rft.date=2017-01-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fprogrammes%2Fp04njps2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.contactmusic.com/ed-sheeran">"Ed Sheeran"</a>. <i>Contactmusic.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170124033058/http://www.contactmusic.com/ed-sheeran">Archived</a> from the original on 24 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Contactmusic.com&rft.atitle=Ed+Sheeran&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.contactmusic.com%2Fed-sheeran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-suffolk-44197314">"George Orwell's Southwold home gets fresh plaque"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 21 May 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210419103916/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-suffolk-44197314">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=George+Orwell%27s+Southwold+home+gets+fresh+plaque&rft.date=2018-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-suffolk-44197314&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilkin2018" class="citation news cs1">Wilkin, Chris (26 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gazette-news.co.uk/news/16187446.Danny_Boyle_s_new_Beatles_musical_is_being_filmed_in_north_Essex/">"Danny Boyle's new Beatles musical was being filmed in north Essex"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Gazette_(Colchester)" title="Daily Gazette (Colchester)">Daily Gazette</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190403080009/https://www.gazette-news.co.uk/news/16187446.Danny_Boyle_s_new_Beatles_musical_is_being_filmed_in_north_Essex/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gainsborough.org/tg/biography.htm">the original</a> on 9 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/main/w-vh/w-visits/w-findaplace/w-flatfordbridgecottage/w-flatfordbridgecottage-walk.htm">the original</a> on 26 September 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Short+Biographical+Dictionary+of+English+Literature&rft.pub=Project+Gutenberg&rft.aulast=Cousin&rft.aufirst=John+W.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Fcatalog%2Fworld%2Freadfile%3Ffk_files%3D89429%26pageno%3D37&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuffolk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ralph-Fiennes">"Ralph Fiennes | Biography & Credits"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180315200603/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ralph-Fiennes">Archived</a> from the original on 15 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ceremonial_county_of_Suffolk" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist vcard mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Suffolk" title="Template:Suffolk"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Suffolk" title="Template talk:Suffolk"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Suffolk" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Suffolk"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ceremonial_county_of_Suffolk" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="category"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></span> of <span class="fn org region"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Suffolk</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Boroughs or districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babergh_District" title="Babergh District">Babergh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Suffolk_District" title="East Suffolk District">East Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipswich" title="Ipswich">Ipswich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid_Suffolk" title="Mid Suffolk">Mid Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Suffolk_District" title="West Suffolk District">West Suffolk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major settlements<br />(cities in italics)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldeburgh" title="Aldeburgh">Aldeburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beccles" title="Beccles">Beccles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandon,_Suffolk" title="Brandon, Suffolk">Brandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bungay" title="Bungay">Bungay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bury_St_Edmunds" title="Bury St Edmunds">Bury St Edmunds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare,_Suffolk" title="Clare, Suffolk">Clare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eye,_Suffolk" title="Eye, Suffolk">Eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felixstowe" title="Felixstowe">Felixstowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framlingham" title="Framlingham">Framlingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadleigh,_Suffolk" title="Hadleigh, Suffolk">Hadleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halesworth" title="Halesworth">Halesworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haverhill,_Suffolk" title="Haverhill, Suffolk">Haverhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipswich" title="Ipswich">Ipswich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesgrave" title="Kesgrave">Kesgrave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiston" title="Leiston">Leiston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowestoft" title="Lowestoft">Lowestoft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildenhall,_Suffolk" title="Mildenhall, Suffolk">Mildenhall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needham_Market" title="Needham Market">Needham Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newmarket,_Suffolk" title="Newmarket, Suffolk">Newmarket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orford,_Suffolk" title="Orford, Suffolk">Orford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxmundham" title="Saxmundham">Saxmundham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwold" title="Southwold">Southwold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stowmarket" title="Stowmarket">Stowmarket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudbury,_Suffolk" title="Sudbury, Suffolk">Sudbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodbridge,_Suffolk" title="Woodbridge, Suffolk">Woodbridge</a><br /><i>See also:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/List_of_civil_parishes_in_Suffolk" title="List of civil parishes in Suffolk">List of civil parishes in Suffolk</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Suffolk" title="Flag of Suffolk">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_Suffolk" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in Suffolk">Parliamentary constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Suffolk" title="List of places in Suffolk">Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_of_interest_in_Suffolk" title="List of places of interest in Suffolk">Places of interest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_settlements_in_Suffolk_by_population" title="List of settlements in Suffolk by population">Population of major settlements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sites_of_Special_Scientific_Interest_in_Suffolk" title="List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Suffolk">SSSIs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Country_houses_in_Suffolk" title="Category:Country houses in Suffolk">Country houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_I_listed_buildings_in_Suffolk" title="Grade I listed buildings in Suffolk">Grade I listed buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_II*_listed_buildings_in_Suffolk" title="Grade II* listed buildings in Suffolk">Grade II* listed buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Suffolk" title="History of Suffolk">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Suffolk" title="Lord Lieutenant of Suffolk">Lord Lieutenants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Suffolk" title="High Sheriff of Suffolk">High Sheriffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Suffolk" title="List of schools in Suffolk">Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Suffolk" title="List of museums in Suffolk">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_windmills_in_Suffolk" title="List of windmills in Suffolk">Windmills</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1974–1996_←_Ceremonial_counties_of_England_→_current" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:England_counties" title="Template:England counties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:England_counties" title="Template talk:England counties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:England_counties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:England counties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1974–1996_←_Ceremonial_counties_of_England_→_current" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><small><a href="/wiki/Template:England_counties/1974" title="Template:England counties/1974">1974–1996</a></small> ←   <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial counties of England</a>   → <small>current</small></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bedfordshire" title="Bedfordshire">Bedfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkshire" title="Berkshire">Berkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckinghamshire" title="Buckinghamshire">Buckinghamshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridgeshire" title="Cambridgeshire">Cambridgeshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheshire" title="Cheshire">Cheshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornwall" title="Cornwall">Cornwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbria" title="Cumbria">Cumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derbyshire" title="Derbyshire">Derbyshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devon" title="Devon">Devon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorset" title="Dorset">Dorset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_Durham" title="County Durham">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Riding_of_Yorkshire" title="East Riding of Yorkshire">East Riding of Yorkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Sussex" title="East Sussex">East Sussex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester" title="Greater Manchester">Greater Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampshire" title="Hampshire">Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herefordshire" title="Herefordshire">Herefordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire" title="Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Wight" title="Isle of Wight">Isle of Wight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent" title="Kent">Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancashire" title="Lancashire">Lancashire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leicestershire" title="Leicestershire">Leicestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincolnshire" title="Lincolnshire">Lincolnshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merseyside" title="Merseyside">Merseyside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk" title="Norfolk">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northamptonshire" title="Northamptonshire">Northamptonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northumberland" title="Northumberland">Northumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Yorkshire" title="North Yorkshire">North Yorkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nottinghamshire" title="Nottinghamshire">Nottinghamshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutland" title="Rutland">Rutland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shropshire" title="Shropshire">Shropshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset">Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yorkshire" title="South Yorkshire">South Yorkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staffordshire" title="Staffordshire">Staffordshire</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrey" title="Surrey">Surrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyne_and_Wear" title="Tyne and Wear">Tyne and Wear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warwickshire" title="Warwickshire">Warwickshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_(county)" title="West Midlands (county)">West Midlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Sussex" title="West Sussex">West Sussex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Yorkshire" title="West Yorkshire">West Yorkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcestershire" title="Worcestershire">Worcestershire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23111#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4058520-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Suffolk (Anglie : hrabství)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge765335&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007554905605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/6e2d2d30-dbc9-4d27-99f7-df571dbd0646">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&oldid=1258982128">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Suffolk&oldid=1258982128</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Suffolk" title="Category:Suffolk">Suffolk</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Non-metropolitan_counties" title="Category:Non-metropolitan counties">Non-metropolitan counties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Kingdom_of_East_Anglia" title="Category:Kingdom of East Anglia">Kingdom of East 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