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Thuringian Counts' War - Wikipedia
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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Conflict in Thuringia</div> <p>The <b>Thuringian Counts' War</b> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Thüringer Grafenkrieg</i>), or <b>Thuringian Counts' Feud</b> (<i>Thüringer Grafenfehde</i>) was a conflict between several ancient aristocratic families and the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Wettin" title="House of Wettin">House of Wettin</a> for supremacy in <a href="/wiki/Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a>. The war lasted from 1342 to 1346.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The conflict is also called by various other names in English sources including <b>War of the Thuringian Counts</b> and <b>Thuringian Comital War</b>. </p><p>In 1247, the last <a href="/wiki/Landgraviate_of_Thuringia" class="mw-redirect" title="Landgraviate of Thuringia">Thuringian landgrave</a> from the House of the <a href="/wiki/Ludovingians" title="Ludovingians">Ludovingians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Raspe_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Raspe IV">Henry Raspe</a>, died without a male heir. During the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Thuringian-Hessian_Succession" class="mw-redirect" title="War of the Thuringian-Hessian Succession">war of succession</a> that followed, <a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_Mei%C3%9Fen" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry III of Meißen">Henry the Illustrious</a>, Margrave of <a href="/wiki/March_of_Mei%C3%9Fen" class="mw-redirect" title="March of Meißen">Meissen</a>, finally won the landgraviate for the House of Wettin, whilst the Hessian territories went to <a href="/wiki/Henry_I_of_Hesse" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry I of Hesse">Henry I of Hesse</a> and formed the new <a href="/wiki/Landgraviate_of_Hesse" title="Landgraviate of Hesse">Landgraviate of Hesse</a>. The grandson of Henry the Illustrious, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Mei%C3%9Fen" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick I of Meißen">Frederick I, the Brave</a>, and his son, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Mei%C3%9Fen" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick II of Meißen">Frederick II, the Serious</a>, tried to secure the suzerainty of the Wettins over Thuringia and thus fell inevitably into opposition with the other princes in the land. </p><p>On 1 September 1342, the various counts and lords of Thuringia of sealed a pact in <a href="/wiki/Arnstadt" title="Arnstadt">Arnstadt</a> which effectively allied them against Frederick the Serious.<sup id="cite_ref-PL_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The parties to the alliance included the counts of <a href="/wiki/County_of_Schwarzburg" class="mw-redirect" title="County of Schwarzburg">Schwarzburg</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=County_of_Weimar-Orlam%C3%BCnde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="County of Weimar-Orlamünde (page does not exist)">Weimar-Orlamünde</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Hohnstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="House of Hohnstein (page does not exist)">Hohnstein</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Vogt" class="mw-redirect" title="Vogt">advocates</a> of Gera and Plauen. Conflict broke out in October. The <a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Mainz" title="Electorate of Mainz">Electoral Mainz</a> <a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">archbishop</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_III_of_Virneburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry III of Virneburg (page does not exist)">Henry III of Virneburg</a>, who was already in dispute with the citizens of <a href="/wiki/Erfurt" title="Erfurt">Erfurt</a> over <a href="/wiki/City_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="City rights">city rights</a>, supported the counts and so the citizens of Erfurt took the side of Frederick the Serious. </p><p>By 14 December 1342 the first peace treaty, brokered by the Emperor, was signed. Because the counts and advocates were bound to pay a very high sum - 338,000 Marks of Erfurt silver - for "breaking the peace",<sup id="cite_ref-PL_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, the peace did not hold and fighting soon flared up again. Frederick now sought to weaken the opposing allies by agreeing separate treaties with his enemies: first on 6 September 1343 with the advocates of Gera and Plauen, on 28 July 1345 with the Schwarzburgs, and finally on 11 April 1346 in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Dresden" title="Treaty of Dresden">Treaty of Dresden</a> with the Count of Weimar-Orlamünde. Each of the allies had to turn their main territories into <a href="/wiki/Fief" title="Fief">fiefs</a> of the Wettins and so lost their <a href="/wiki/Imperial_immediacy" title="Imperial immediacy">imperial immediacy</a> and their political independence. </p><p>The outcome of the comital war strengthened the position of the Wettins in Thuringia, although were unable to finally drive the Schwarzburgs and the advocates out of Thuringia and these vassals continued to play an important role until the end of the monarchy in Thuringia in 1918 (c.f. <a href="/wiki/Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt" title="Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt">Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Schwarzburg-Sondershausen" title="Schwarzburg-Sondershausen">Schwarzburg-Sondershausen</a>, <a href="/wiki/House_of_Reu%C3%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Reuß">Reuß</a>). However, after the counts' war they could not further expand their territories, but were restricted to their homelands and therefore no longer in a position to threaten the dominance of the Wettins in Thuringia. For the counts of Weimar-Orlamünde the result of the war meant the end of their imperial immediacy. A short while later, <a href="/wiki/Weimar" title="Weimar">Weimar</a> fell to Wettin as an agreed fief and became an important <i><a href="/wiki/Residenz" title="Residenz">residenz</a></i> of the <a href="/wiki/Ernestine_branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Ernestine branch">Ernestine branch</a> of the Wettins (c.f. <a href="/wiki/Saxe-Weimar_(duchy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saxe-Weimar (duchy)">Saxe-Weimar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach" title="Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach">Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thuringian_Counts%27_War&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-uDxAwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Die+Th%C3%BCringer+Grafenfehde+%22&pg=PA49"><i>Die Saale aus der Luft</i></a> by Bogner, Franz Xaver. Retrieved 23 Dec 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PL-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PL_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PL_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Langhof, Peter (1995). <i>Die Thüringer Grafenfehde und die Schwarzburger</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dtserv3.compsy.uni-jena.de/__C12577C000452CB4.nsf/0/7367E4E8B11E66DEC12577D700506BA6/$FILE/Text%2015.11.10.pdf">pdf</a>. Retrieved 23 Dec 2014.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literature">Literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thuringian_Counts%27_War&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWilhelm_Füßlein1929" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wilhelm Füßlein (1929), "Die Thüringer Grafenfehde 1342–1346", <i>Beiträge zur thüringischen und sächsischen Geschichte. Festschrift für Otto Dobenecker zum 70. Geburtstag am 2. April 1929</i> (in German), Jena: Fischer, pp. 111–139</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Beitr%C3%A4ge+zur+th%C3%BCringischen+und+s%C3%A4chsischen+Geschichte.+Festschrift+f%C3%BCr+Otto+Dobenecker+zum+70.+Geburtstag+am+2.+April+1929&rft.atitle=Die+Th%C3%BCringer+Grafenfehde+1342%E2%80%931346&rft.pages=111-139&rft.date=1929&rft.au=Wilhelm+F%C3%BC%C3%9Flein&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThuringian+Counts%27+War" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c59558b9d‐xvq5z Cached time: 20241130121750 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.247 seconds Real time usage: 0.316 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 316/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3336/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 406/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4565/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.180/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 15424645/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 298.634 1 -total 38.21% 114.121 1 Template:Langx 29.85% 89.136 1 Template:Citation 25.13% 75.053 1 Template:Short_description 16.04% 47.911 2 Template:Pagetype 5.78% 17.266 1 Template:Reflist 4.97% 14.834 3 Template:Main_other 4.22% 12.607 1 Template:SDcat 0.74% 2.211 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:44805542:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241130121750 and revision id 1255307643. 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