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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Confederate Army general</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%; background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">William Hicks Jackson</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hicks_Jackson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/William_Hicks_Jackson.jpg/220px-William_Hicks_Jackson.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/William_Hicks_Jackson.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="354" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">October 1, 1835<br /><a href="/wiki/Paris,_Tennessee" title="Paris, Tennessee">Paris, Tennessee</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">March 30, 1903 (aged 67)<br /><a href="/wiki/Belle_Meade,_Tennessee" title="Belle Meade, Tennessee">Belle Meade, Tennessee</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281861-1863%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281861-1863%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281861-1863%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281861-1863%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281861-1863%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281861-1863%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States of America</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281861-1863%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281861-1863%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281861-1863%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281861-1863%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281861-1863%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281861-1863%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg/17px-Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg/26px-Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg/34px-Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_Army" title="Confederate States Army">Confederate States Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1856–1861<br />1861–1865</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Union_army_2nd_lt_rank_insignia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Union_army_2nd_lt_rank_insignia.jpg/35px-Union_army_2nd_lt_rank_insignia.jpg" decoding="async" width="35" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Union_army_2nd_lt_rank_insignia.jpg/53px-Union_army_2nd_lt_rank_insignia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Union_army_2nd_lt_rank_insignia.jpg/70px-Union_army_2nd_lt_rank_insignia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1365" data-file-height="544" /></a></span> 2nd lieutenant (USA)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general_(CSA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigadier general (CSA)">Brigadier general (CSA)</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Commands</th><td class="infobox-data">1st Tennessee Cavalry Regiment<br />W.H. Jackson's Cavalry Brigade<br />W.H. Jackson's Cavalry Division</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Wars">Indian Wars</a><br /><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Other work</th><td class="infobox-data">planter</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>William Hicks "Red" Jackson</b> (October 1, 1835 – March 30, 1903) was a career United States Army officer who graduated from West Point. After serving briefly in the Southwest and resigning when the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> broke out, he served in the Confederate Army, gaining the rank of brigadier general by the end of the war. </p><p>Afterward he became a major <a href="/wiki/Planter_(American_South)" class="mw-redirect" title="Planter (American South)">planter</a> and horse breeder in <a href="/wiki/Middle_Tennessee" title="Middle Tennessee">Middle Tennessee</a>. As a widower he married Selene Harding, daughter of the owner of the 5300-acre <a href="/wiki/Belle_Meade_Plantation" title="Belle Meade Plantation">Belle Meade Plantation</a> near Nashville. Jackson co-managed the operations with his father-in-law <a href="/wiki/William_Giles_Harding" title="William Giles Harding">William Giles Harding</a>. They expanded the raising of purebred horses, cattle, sheep, and goats. </p><p>Jackson and his wife inherited an interest in the plantation, and Belle Meade was known for the quality of horses he bred. He shared some decisions with his brother <a href="/wiki/Howell_Edmunds_Jackson" class="mw-redirect" title="Howell Edmunds Jackson">Howell Edmunds Jackson</a>, who as a widower had married Selene's sister Mary Harding in 1873; they also inherited an interest in Belle Meade. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hicks_Jackson&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jackson was born in <a href="/wiki/Paris,_Tennessee" title="Paris, Tennessee">Paris, Tennessee</a>, a son of Dr. Alexander Jackson and Mary (Hurt) Jackson, the daughter of a <a href="/wiki/Baptist_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist Church">Baptist</a> minister; both his parents were natives of <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> whose families had migrated to <a href="/wiki/Middle_Tennessee" title="Middle Tennessee">Middle Tennessee</a>. When he was five, his family moved to <a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Tennessee" title="Jackson, Tennessee">Jackson, Tennessee</a>. His older brother <a href="/wiki/Howell_Edmunds_Jackson" class="mw-redirect" title="Howell Edmunds Jackson">Howell Edmunds Jackson</a> became an attorney, politician and later served as a US senator and, late in life, as a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court Justice">United States Supreme Court Justice</a>. Their father was elected as a <a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a> to the state legislature and subsequently as Jackson's mayor. </p><p>He attended <a href="/wiki/West_Tennessee_College" class="mw-redirect" title="West Tennessee College">West Tennessee College</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Union_University" title="Union University">Union University</a>) before accepting an appointment to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy" title="United States Military Academy">United States Military Academy</a>. Jackson graduated from West Point in 1856 and was <a href="/wiki/Brevet_(military)" title="Brevet (military)">brevetted</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant#United_States" title="Second lieutenant">second lieutenant</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a>. </p><p>Jackson studied at the <a href="/wiki/Cavalry" title="Cavalry">cavalry</a> school at <a href="/wiki/Carlisle_Barracks" title="Carlisle Barracks">Carlisle Barracks</a> before being assigned to the <a href="/wiki/3rd_Cavalry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="3rd Cavalry Regiment (United States)">Regiment of Mounted Rifles</a>. He served on frontier duty at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Bliss" title="Fort Bliss">Fort Bliss</a> in <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> in 1857, and engaged in a skirmish with <a href="/wiki/Kiowa" title="Kiowa">Kiowa</a> near <a href="/wiki/Fort_Craig" title="Fort Craig">Fort Craig</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_Territory" title="New Mexico Territory">New Mexico Territory</a>. He participated in the Comanche and Kiowa Expedition of 1860. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Civil_War">Civil War</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hicks_Jackson&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Civil War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When word came of <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Secession" title="Secession">secession</a>, Jackson resigned from the Army on May 16, 1861, and returned to the South to enroll in the Confederate army. He was commissioned as a <a href="/wiki/Captain_(United_States)" title="Captain (United States)">captain</a> of <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a>. He served as an <a href="/wiki/Aide-de-camp" title="Aide-de-camp">aide-de-camp</a> to General <a href="/wiki/Gideon_Johnson_Pillow" title="Gideon Johnson Pillow">Gideon Pillow</a> and at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Belmont" title="Battle of Belmont">Battle of Belmont</a> in November. In early 1862, Jackson was appointed as <a href="/wiki/Colonel_(United_States)" title="Colonel (United States)">colonel</a> of the 1st Tennessee Cavalry and rose to be chief of cavalry, serving under <a href="/wiki/John_C._Pemberton" title="John C. Pemberton">John C. Pemberton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Earl_Van_Dorn" title="Earl Van Dorn">Earl Van Dorn</a>, and lastly <a href="/wiki/Sterling_Price" title="Sterling Price">Sterling Price</a>. On December 29, 1862, he was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general_(United_States)" title="Brigadier general (United States)">brigadier general</a>. </p><p>He served with distinction in the <a href="/wiki/Vicksburg_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicksburg Campaign">Vicksburg Campaign</a> in early 1863. In February 1864, he commanded the cavalry of <a href="/wiki/Leonidas_Polk" title="Leonidas Polk">Leonidas Polk</a> in the campaign around <a href="/wiki/Meridian,_Mississippi" title="Meridian, Mississippi">Meridian, Mississippi</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta Campaign">Atlanta Campaign</a> that summer, Jackson commanded the cavalry <a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">division</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Army_of_Mississippi" title="Army of Mississippi">Army of Mississippi</a>. His troopers repeatedly skirmished in August with the <a href="/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" title="Union (American Civil War)">Union</a> cavalry of <a href="/wiki/H._Judson_Kilpatrick" class="mw-redirect" title="H. Judson Kilpatrick">H. Judson Kilpatrick</a>, which was attempting to destroy railroads south of the city. Jackson won a significant victory at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brown%27s_Mill" title="Battle of Brown's Mill">Battle of Brown's Mill</a> near <a href="/wiki/Newnan,_Georgia" title="Newnan, Georgia">Newnan, Georgia</a>. </p><p>He continued to lead his division through the Nashville and Murfreesboro campaign before retreating to <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a>. In February 1865, he was assigned command of all cavalry from Tennessee in the force of <a href="/wiki/Nathan_Bedford_Forrest" title="Nathan Bedford Forrest">Nathan Bedford Forrest</a>. He successfully isolated the Union brigade of <a href="/wiki/John_T._Croxton" title="John T. Croxton">John T. Croxton</a> during <a href="/wiki/Wilson%27s_Raid" title="Wilson's Raid">Wilson's Raid</a> in April. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Postbellum_career">Postbellum career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hicks_Jackson&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Postbellum career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:General-jackson-photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/General-jackson-photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="295" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="295" /></a><figcaption>William Hicks Jackson</figcaption></figure><p>Following the war, Jackson returned to Tennessee and managed his father's cotton plantation. In 1868, he married Selene Harding. They had five children: William Harding Jackson (1874–1903), Eunice, Elizabeth, Selene (1876–1913) and infant son (b/d 1872) Jackson.<sup id="cite_ref-wills_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wills-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With his father-in-law <a href="/wiki/William_Giles_Harding" title="William Giles Harding">William Giles Harding</a>, the senior Jackson learned to co-manage the latter's <a href="/wiki/Belle_Meade_Stud" class="mw-redirect" title="Belle Meade Stud">Belle Meade Stud</a> near Nashville. </p><p>In the 1870s, Jackson became heavily involved in <a href="/wiki/The_National_Grange_of_the_Order_of_Patrons_of_Husbandry" class="mw-redirect" title="The National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry">The Grange</a> movement. He also belonged to the Tennessee Agricultural and Mechanical Association, and sat on the Tennessee Bureau of Agriculture. </p><p>His older brother, jurist <a href="/wiki/Howell_Edmunds_Jackson" class="mw-redirect" title="Howell Edmunds Jackson">Howell Edmunds Jackson</a>, married Selene's younger sister Mary Harding after the death of his first wife in 1873, likely in the widespread <a href="/wiki/Cholera" title="Cholera">cholera</a> epidemic. In 1886 Jackson and his brother Howell took over control of Belle Meade following the death of their father-in-law William G. Harding. Jackson and his brother expanded the breeding operations and raised prize race horses.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> General Jackson purchased a stallion named <a href="/wiki/Iroquois_(horse)" title="Iroquois (horse)">Iroquois</a> in 1886; the horse had been the first American winner of the British <a href="/wiki/Epsom_Derby" title="Epsom Derby">Epsom Derby</a> in 1881.<sup id="cite_ref-equine_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-equine-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jackson continued Harding's practice of holding yearling sales at Belle Meade, but in 1892 he expanded his sales to New York, taking his yearlings there. That year was the most successful, and he sold 53 yearlings for $110,050. But the financial <a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1893" title="Panic of 1893">Panic of 1893</a> and the ensuing economic depression adversely affected his operations. In addition his horse breeding business suffered because of reform efforts by the evangelical movement in Tennessee, which resulted in closing down racetracks and ending associated gambling.<sup id="cite_ref-equine_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-equine-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"By many accounts, "Billy" Jackson was gregarious, entertaining, and liked to "live Large", said historian Lynne Bachleda.<sup id="cite_ref-warnerpks_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warnerpks-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 67">: 67 </span></sup> The Jacksons were generous hosts, and many notable guests visited the plantation during the late 19th and early 20th century. They included <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">President Grover Cleveland</a> and his wife <a href="/wiki/Frances_Folsom_Cleveland_Preston" class="mw-redirect" title="Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston">Frances</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Todd_Lincoln" title="Robert Todd Lincoln">Robert Todd Lincoln</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">President Ulysses S. Grant</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Tecumseh_Sherman" title="William Tecumseh Sherman">General William T. Sherman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott_Hancock" title="Winfield Scott Hancock">General Winfield Scott Hancock</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_I" title="Adlai Stevenson I">Adlai E. Stevenson</a>, who served as vice-president of the US from 1893 to 1897. The guests enjoyed country pursuits in the fenced deer park, barbecues, and tours of the thoroughbred paddocks.<sup id="cite_ref-History_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jackson was fond of the sport of live bird <a href="/wiki/Pigeon-shooting" title="Pigeon-shooting">wing shooting</a>, and he founded the <a href="/wiki/Belle_Meade_Gun_Club" title="Belle Meade Gun Club">Belle Meade Gun Club</a> on his farm in 1897.<sup id="cite_ref-newclubbanr_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newclubbanr-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It hosted the Wing Shot Championship of the United States in 1898.<sup id="cite_ref-buddwins_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buddwins-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>William Hicks Jackson died at Belle Meade in 1903 and was buried in the family's <a href="/wiki/Mausoleum" title="Mausoleum">mausoleum</a> in the plantation's cemetery. His son William Harding Jackson died that same year, survived by his wife Annie and a <a href="/wiki/William_Harding_Jackson" title="William Harding Jackson">son of the same name</a>. The youngest Jackson later served as an intelligence officer in World War II, and was part of the establishment of the CIA, serving as its deputy director. </p><p>In 1906, after the plantation was sold, Jackson's remains and those of other members of the Harding-Jackson family were reinterred in <a href="/wiki/Mount_Olivet_Cemetery_(Nashville)" title="Mount Olivet Cemetery (Nashville)">Mount Olivet Cemetery</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hicks_Jackson&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 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.reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wills-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wills_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42626919">W. Ridley Wills II, "Black-White Relationships on the Belle Meade Plantation"</a>, <i>Tennessee Historical Quarterly</i> Vol. 50, No. 1 (SPRING 1991), pp. 17-32; accessed 10 August 2018 via JSTOR</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tennessee.gov/tsla/history/manuscripts/findingaids/69-052.pdf">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-equine-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-equine_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-equine_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bellemeadeplantation.com/equestrian/">"The Equestrian Lineages of Belle Meade Plantation"</a>, Belle Meade Plantation, n.d.; accessed 11 Aug 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-warnerpks-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-warnerpks_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBachleda2021" class="citation book cs1">Bachleda, F. Lynne (2021). <i>A History of Nashville's Warner Parks</i>. Nashville: Friends of Warner Parks. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781087977775" title="Special:BookSources/9781087977775"><bdi>9781087977775</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Nashville%27s+Warner+Parks&rft.place=Nashville&rft.pub=Friends+of+Warner+Parks&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9781087977775&rft.aulast=Bachleda&rft.aufirst=F.+Lynne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hicks+Jackson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-History-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-History_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bellemeadeplantation.com/history/">"The History of Belle Meade"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 Jan</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Belle+Meade&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbellemeadeplantation.com%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hicks+Jackson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-newclubbanr-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-newclubbanr_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/604555239/?terms=%22Belle%20Meade%20Gun%20Club%22&match=1">"A New Gun Club"</a>. No. 266, Vol.21. Nashville Banner. February 19, 1897. p. 7<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+New+Gun+Club&rft.issue=266%2C+Vol.21&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1897-02-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F604555239%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522Belle%2520Meade%2520Gun%2520Club%2522%26match%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hicks+Jackson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-buddwins-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-buddwins_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-tennessean/143704213/">"Budd The Winner"</a>. No. 7986, Vol.23. The Nashville American. October 22, 1898. p. 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 27,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Budd+The+Winner&rft.issue=7986%2C+Vol.23&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1898-10-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-tennessean%2F143704213%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hicks+Jackson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hicks_Jackson&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Eicher, John H., and <a href="/wiki/David_J._Eicher" title="David J. Eicher">David J. Eicher</a>, <i>Civil War High Commands.</i> Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-3641-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-3641-1">978-0-8047-3641-1</a>.</li> <li>Sifakis, Stewart. <i>Who Was Who in the Civil War.</i> New York: Facts On File, 1988. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-1055-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-1055-4">978-0-8160-1055-4</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tennessee.gov/tsla/history/manuscripts/findingaids/69-052.pdf">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_J._Warner_(historian)" title="Ezra J. Warner (historian)">Warner, Ezra J.</a> <i>Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders.</i> Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8071-0823-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8071-0823-9">978-0-8071-0823-9</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hicks_Jackson&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080208215607/http://www.generalsandbrevets.com/sgj/jacksonwh.htm">Jackson photo gallery</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived February 8, 2008)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bellemeadeplantation.com/page.cfm/pid/25">Belle Meade Plantation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.civil-war-tribute.com/William-Hicks-Jackson-bio.htm">Jackson biography</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/10996">William Hicks Jackson</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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