CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "pure.royalholloway.ac.uk",cType: 'managed',cRay: '91361316fb4cf408',cH: 'soyu6H_6qdk_gM9e4JWoHRgV47oI_ABaD_rK.XGVDt4-1739798424-1.2.1.1-YmyRINcbD2A4JTirF.T_.QbG4qfRrGFkzGowRfU3KNktn3IbRPhZaxI4_XTsuj9w',cUPMDTk: "\/en\/searchAll\/advanced\/?__cf_chl_tk=Dy89EqSBN59sn2grz3u58B_h_chvCyitN7FsNtG2DHM-1739798424-1.0.1.1-bn.PU4HQDye0vK__0erOVuGXFHSRV2mxIiUDUDhXqx8",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739798424',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/en\/searchAll\/advanced\/?__cf_chl_f_tk=Dy89EqSBN59sn2grz3u58B_h_chvCyitN7FsNtG2DHM-1739798424-1.0.1.1-bn.PU4HQDye0vK__0erOVuGXFHSRV2mxIiUDUDhXqx8",md: ".wM.FwaBZdEvxlAm1n81.V9eMNEbnTFOXWgAZ4OCEQE-1739798424-1.2.1.1-sWGXZ3t.aUJf4_qPyRYCjuDvsLLQ_ddjsudbeFdOdN9S4JqSYGyhtmYVNTCtLlR7OJOckBtWd0XT3NC06AdAWP9H6PrjTb0nXGG_FMtRALIxyssdy77HnW1qzmuWR4_lAxWuKza2opyGxdOoymkFTF2pmh4Z0_VzxVmcE_u7TNBLRoexN3KtdKo7qehFOUUQqU7whrII.lROuV.7iDCLTmtvmn2XWfgq_FsAU9OMguDHvRq5hKk1V8fvQNooZVWrF3segnmMTR.44EN4k3exY6nIKPsaU5n86A4gtodv7UlRoBrzx0k.Vm6stuReRGO0orCW0z9mK9rE.KhL0F.1k8q6wExSsxtV16idewiWB8aZfscu.CMEOPy_2IwI_7jmNtRXkp8StQygbr9b3ngGBb39b.EFZPAhhhOxySY11eqqT2YcDBmVTA1lJTyUpCDb7yifx097a8GqAqUSvsaS0lGePyxJzlMDuMdA9cAOaehIozSxuQwQ.MFF67mTlLLA2btogxmFQtWDpGgjCdx2QxZsDYHvMsj3iomBVWc0P4hNPdBY1QOw1v440z2zVzPwsPUFogu8AKBLJtxdSGmzPEadeF3tDeu2NeFU4l8XZ7s6n.80_bBqMunYeqRU0JmzyIpHuN1E9wXoG2Dxp3ZgiOV93whTlf5yzSMMCX.5aY1DErDtM8RNDaHBQQYdQh1UF8XU6tMWbYFIIH19I0pkqr4lMEIzeppf9F2LA1533.E8N2ndOOIG99VudPmy6x24ts7xAb1CYE0HXMHAHGiuVZGIGGMTWb6vj7ascGs7PvYPRWcQ7wZc26ZdKKQdaGFHRkT.Ud_IQf2gQvXoOWIdvvtw5v3uUdrbUvV5uAXOf3fiEuH2h52z0fUjd_BjJWYlfAkXkIJmE7ZVdAgfVezTyIazNudEc6_E9O__25nUf05YzQz9.NxHirysdmslj7LL1aiZBQk9JSUout19O8mmwVnv8.dTg0t5djII5With7gGK_fv9AMfgzFJoxAOShaUaRsA9KV3shhV.tU85KdPztgrjhLveEAhHgEMyTeDknOicK7AAFzHbBxzbEp7W8po9f70jgtagNb2nlj.DGrBADciOoWtkz1TjT6uJrvm9Ck5H4bwiFmWm5dBz_.2mzcf7U6KkDiEzipwg8hCZHX61ru_T2a2chZU2LWHtxJP2oPv.CaGPGEXBcLr4qXyNyNlPk6KMNbv5reZrfjyhoVZ6s_ZCZyD1T5P3DTtr59dLWxjN3zjjsrF42UeAEC4w7K.UYuY9gC4IYkqhuMPUqcEyxIP41KNk6OtayV5KmpsWLwr3LaDp.aHfA0O64REUPL1yFPzlw0Sk4E2kICyRC0kKvmM61w2xNi2a4Zn0JO8Spj280yG7o.tIUu7V4jccLEIR6q_Dn4O_um2HonfnQqR53l4Ny1WoB0KYbfq4iI6rw0dI6qRMBKc0ZO5lsMzBLu_e18nYSIiA4qCBj87rjA8sme5_CYAF8wariA54WbKfqzpdQdVMumMX0JiYPVHr78vVt3pr8kx2UTgiiuy872d9OXpUDEFHeuRAPT2USUWMo2GTLRE02JkpmZmOzcGiRUdWEsl26r2f9Tisyvs_maHZ6EHCGd.8L.3AbreevPtXUBwxjVofOiFX0a0xk9FY_FVOBoO8_TRFDQoFaN45K8pzASIO0Nq4jrvcnI9zt0U9y4iBV6QZ5AHKIip6wzR7t2H5A3xEvzIBmTE3KOGHu0ffUMGSrcr6QS_xLlgbcdOKGEDhBvp1uAllGJzQ_wTLGWC5VZrcB6.SHk7XgZjAhFrQKwi1WkF4CiwFWVE_1KfNW2rSKDf84cp1e_z2PejTOKHJYgVEBo9l3MeblK3PIh89qUYHUUB2uIX80T6coXvTRzY4V6h5szGKypdoaTXIRmYbr1uawxrk9eYJ.E7Cb1_KHgMeqnRQjDRIdH9dInZ3mgPwBoH2etu4Q7U0sRjNHFVy44embvze61CfFLwfrUQl.TkR_lxD4klYGuz_Oy14u1OU0YUb31u6X2aPcqYE7V8xO_CCWrEgMLGFtOR09yFNrC1mcpe1jCJMPacrBQaN10bEzeYP9BJSTJPlIyM.2.Z0M1UClrPBeldenRNp6ZL8q.XIgG3mwF4QNibZ0DsNIPkZMGsDUNv9OnhGAxIpJIsigQtbf4P5GnGg.kprtCTmdFeV5M.4vQz.J19qrf7eKAEcoTNGiyLCBzottW5rE7jdLQJ56d2VtSObR1PELP5a.jVf8Uo8sxTXpqFvaOPogVOxEMz5Cc.WESxrWmhbOZLcxXrKpzX_9ubxbUtLyenH29n0MelsIR2ZmPv.kPMQK1R1fqnJYmYFS3x6Bp.0MwcAXNhqlgnIK4rpJV9sYok7S4BAxv8VxLtyUeD.U2LpTnpotN2AKcpo3ZR3HJthybn4flFL4m1TUfIG928xNMxSERIT33OjC7IvhlTUmjL4Hxu.4XIRP.jHy1iVk4mQjd4R4.VE2s.xJXR8_NB5UjivaU0PtRcG5KSWx87SnuYP.gjUn4xmHElEjWrmjzTpLMhauCoAlQJDxO1mXhPz0nisQ",mdrd: "7Uh.I.NZqkZkKTjuG4iUUz79rCtpQRd5gb6Gg8cq0xM-1739798424-1.2.1.1-3Vczh_eS3nLoIcbketnx_XQFOO3VnIOV2C3pLGOe9op1aoH1G09qfgIKfg625u0sr1wrmfKszrYYNb2PjHHgQRwlDDIEmQtlWZsV0tKxsqkDaQMgz66je0YK1kF9k3zL_ASXeZPIaId33bs.GIXwpQzhx6BsimjZWar1PgkqSe4x13oIBfu_861waTDzmQ9BbJQQXrrV0W1qFFcjHlMRxlNXWD13TNqJzMInNO7E7x7thj45K8rOOeeLpwoq1NX5lhiSr5fMWhdZ9AXgBAE0K3bBbCc7GMquxd8JwnoqmaNzwMj_moFRP9fvnq.Lqn9Iw2e1oTUcrY0UyXR1GtYoUj061olAxq4vJxIL5HXnKhDUcE9OqcMx5IEpe6RfXdUzeWgYCE45WxYx_6pJz9Hr8TM4XVH1rvhkGayucpQObnuNl7Mtz6kvWOT8y8ToHUKjIjBlEWaon.M_zXsFNtaKwqzIngWx_r6J4yTyLktU8J4muL7hNvPKLhnezDBAlviyB.h0RhPH8NRwyo5l9Fv9WIZjih9YyBEeupx6wN4e2EK4C_PQuN0PbgcFOrGhBYg2QmabAGaJDkEM5F36QKNEYNJZv8a7nGIUaQrlZzecz_SgHCFu4fPYms95IK.E5JMbT4RCLdkJq97qQY.CfjcMZlmtpEJFDDrmc7rcjcXaApkPmSNgW76UzUC6pILrkgTpgqwQKCQOqYluHMq.GuBItbT.aUZ8sZYIo3SYmmt.oHXX9K.HM.SEp1VcIr9_qbK291uANk3EaekMTLE0yX.V1WdS_fcBYzw9emsc0s2O4sm6Gtj6m9rnkqAlLJUG.jWROb25qSkhuzfFHyJQGWwfgRtWj_zZZguR9B6LG9QVp.dMjHnQGNuSB3Eghz3jBlH9IGZVcTYVtoD6LgnBAK2xx3sWTAtn.uXPaIPjIiXI2Dzv0Z8xbJX3oeXSgfFvjzqM3eyOvWawoi_Id.zRn7ML.0eyW0YtcgnjDlY.z6FqqodAHWb6rl3C5z7xgP.NyBv8bpn_wBv8aAX.hAWQr8irp_m6YAoa3kUVMr3LFGN5e3hALT546gIQIDWEyGHA1gHErZKrbB6kKvyXS3wDvGkoKQHdUecAOEzR_DySvx.5leZPmZIUz8QzgZyvjgqU2xaoTM28Bn3MXtenYho9Prw7BJhWQK81PNmx6QiAl2nMANIzcMtT8K_oV8kshQnzejRfiavX969bxwyzmPCsBwTDbJGCt.XpBhLFJnC.MH3XsVxOzIXkCk28kxP40xi17daMjTui7YAmuX7uZmMiKTdjLJyKOsc7zDVY1wbIVnFByyof50pdmcqXH.fLlqxVvI5MH3_QZHPF7DXyJclzHDNVeo91wWFkNqj_JZYi1Hes17zpceZVTjTkPBfRwDBb9mSDVh1Q2jPCr.o1pJArQxFHuYXYgIVBcFAN8DPmxiyhMaQpuOeZvjFDq7zNWSq6TSGE9WZFSrQyElkQ6ZFsXp0B_8EdbZRUC4BlaH9cFn1k4AqoamKU6eUgEXUvYy7tOM4NfEmuAegMldFe3GrnxOZUeBX6EdWg7TSBJsR376aPbEKr12QO2VsGzyRFzt3PSGuKeV_YdGPVBjuby2weSsMkKnclqjr8MmASr8FGM5sseszv1SKKQopHvpm7UDi95bqVB798xBUWGeyzP3_K0yEmbhwYMUSmTVWpK_j.3KZbVyq63.quqodJyWUbWHXlqymCkqKEae_iBA3rO_IBuXk1XQy0Zrubra_QrVmWNgeJWaDPe2bFqngFgWaAOcAJunMrAD2c10EFGnDOOr1oa7sARgqqwEYDmX70wR3yVDgCGj9NaRic.hCwyiWq0CWyaW7hGZ0GX9p207ahPbOeGQahsUMDuEKxdzTNCZxB89BCjU9.zxrKfXTN2.WF5V_7v7pLt9iaWTeWj9iFMmJMmM64FDGpRVWzohpvMYJ2LseTlqJJPE2rBOnKxr87JIwH3_SZ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91361316fb4cf408';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/en\/searchAll\/advanced\/?__cf_chl_rt_tk=Dy89EqSBN59sn2grz3u58B_h_chvCyitN7FsNtG2DHM-1739798424-1.0.1.1-bn.PU4HQDye0vK__0erOVuGXFHSRV2mxIiUDUDhXqx8" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>