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(ca)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ca.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embarcaci%C3%B3"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ca"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Canal de sindicació Atom Viquipèdia" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Canvis_recents&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Embarcació rootpage-Embarcació skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Vés al contingut</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menú principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menú principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menú principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegació </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portada" title="Visiteu la pàgina principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Portada</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Article_aleatori" title="Carrega una pàgina a l’atzar [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article a l'atzar</span></a></li><li id="n-Articles-de-qualitat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Articles_de_qualitat"><span>Articles de qualitat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunitat" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunitat" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunitat </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Portal" title="Sobre el projecte, què podeu fer, on trobareu les coses"><span>Portal viquipedista</span></a></li><li id="n-Agenda-d'actes" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Trobades"><span>Agenda d'actes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Canvis_recents" title="Una llista dels canvis recents al wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Canvis recents</span></a></li><li id="n-La-taverna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:La_taverna"><span>La taverna</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Contacte"><span>Contacte</span></a></li><li id="n-Xat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Canals_IRC"><span>Xat</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Ajuda" title="El lloc per a saber més coses"><span>Ajuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Viquipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'Enciclopèdia Lliure" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ca.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Cerca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Cerca</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cerca a Viquipèdia" aria-label="Cerca a Viquipèdia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Cerca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cerca</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Eines personals"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Embarcaci%C3%B3" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Embarcaci%C3%B3" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines personals" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines personals</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca"><span>Donatius</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Embarcaci%C3%B3" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crea un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Embarcaci%C3%B3" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Inicia la sessió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Història" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Història"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Història</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Història-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disseny" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disseny"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Disseny</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disseny-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Materials_de_construcció" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Materials_de_construcció"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Materials de construcció</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Materials_de_construcció-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Materials de construcció</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Materials_de_construcció-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Materials_clàssics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Materials_clàssics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Materials clàssics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Materials_clàssics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Materials_industrials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Materials_industrials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Materials industrials</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Materials_industrials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Propulsió" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Propulsió"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Propulsió</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Propulsió-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tipus_d'embarcacions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tipus_d'embarcacions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Tipus d'embarcacions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tipus_d'embarcacions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Embarcació</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 49 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watervaartuig" title="Watervaartuig - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Watervaartuig" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مركبة مائية - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مركبة مائية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embarcaci%C3%B3n" title="Embarcación - asturià" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Embarcación" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B4" title="Плавателен съд - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Плавателен съд" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="নৌযান - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নৌযান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plavidlo" title="Plavidlo - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Plavidlo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasserfahrzeug" title="Wasserfahrzeug - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wasserfahrzeug" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watercraft" title="Watercraft - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Watercraft" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akvoveturilo" title="Akvoveturilo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Akvoveturilo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embarcaci%C3%B3n" title="Embarcación - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Embarcación" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vees%C3%B5iduk" title="Veesõiduk - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Veesõiduk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontzi_(ibilgailua)" title="Ontzi (ibilgailua) - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ontzi (ibilgailua)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1" title="شناور - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شناور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesikulkuneuvo" title="Vesikulkuneuvo - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vesikulkuneuvo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embarcation" title="Embarcation - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Embarcation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embarcaci%C3%B3n" title="Embarcación - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Embarcación" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%99_%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%98" title="כלי שיט - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כלי שיט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovilo" title="Plovilo - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Plovilo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alat_transportasi_air" title="Alat transportasi air - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alat transportasi air" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natante" title="Natante - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Natante" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%88%B9" title="船 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="船" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%8C%ED%84%B0%ED%81%AC%EB%9E%98%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8" title="워터크래프트 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="워터크래프트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navigium" title="Navigium - llatí" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Navigium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veculo_acual" title="Veculo acual - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Veculo acual" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandens_transporto_priemon%C4%97" title="Vandens transporto priemonė - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vandens transporto priemonė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barca" title="Barca - malgaix" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Barca" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Пловило - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пловило" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fart%C3%B8y" title="Fartøy - noruec nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fartøy" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruec nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%9F" title="ਵਾਟਰਕ੍ਰਾਫਟ - panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਾਟਰਕ੍ਰਾਫਟ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jednostka_p%C5%82ywaj%C4%85ca" title="Jednostka pływająca - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jednostka pływająca" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barca_(Soria)" title="Barca (Soria) - piemontès" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Barca (Soria)" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%B9%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%B9" title="واٹر کرافٹ - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="واٹر کرافٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DA%9A%D8%AA%DB%8D" title="کښتۍ - paixtu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کښتۍ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paixtu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embarca%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Embarcação - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Embarcação" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambarca%C8%9Biune" title="Ambarcațiune - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ambarcațiune" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Плавсредство - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Плавсредство" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wattercraft" title="Wattercraft - escocès" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Wattercraft" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escocès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watercraft" title="Watercraft - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Watercraft" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plavidlo" title="Plavidlo - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Plavidlo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Пловило - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пловило" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chombo_cha_usafiri_kwenye_maji" title="Chombo cha usafiri kwenye maji - suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Chombo cha usafiri kwenye maji" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF" title="நீரூர்தி - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நீரூர்தி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3" title="พาหนะทางน้ำ - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พาหนะทางน้ำ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_ta%C5%9F%C4%B1t%C4%B1" title="Su taşıtı - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Su taşıtı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B1" title="Плавучий засіб - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Плавучий засіб" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="آبی جہاز - urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آبی جہاز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%88%B9" title="船 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="船" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%88%B9" title="船 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="船" 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dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:EgyptTombOarboat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/EgyptTombOarboat.jpg/220px-EgyptTombOarboat.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/EgyptTombOarboat.jpg/330px-EgyptTombOarboat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/EgyptTombOarboat.jpg/440px-EgyptTombOarboat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1590" data-file-height="696" /></a><figcaption>Imatge d'una <b>embarcació</b> en una tomba egípcia</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Galley-knightshospitaller.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Galley-knightshospitaller.jpg/220px-Galley-knightshospitaller.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Galley-knightshospitaller.jpg/330px-Galley-knightshospitaller.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Galley-knightshospitaller.jpg/440px-Galley-knightshospitaller.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2900" data-file-height="2130" /></a><figcaption>Galera</figcaption></figure> <p>Una <b>embarcació</b> o <b>nau</b> és qualsevol construcció capaç de surar i de desplaçar-se per sobre de l'<a href="/wiki/Aigua" title="Aigua">aigua</a> gràcies a un sistema de propulsió.<sup id="cite_ref-Jal_Biblioteca_Provinciale_Ufficio_topografico_1848_p._622_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jal_Biblioteca_Provinciale_Ufficio_topografico_1848_p._622-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> S'utilitza per al transport de persones o coses i per a desenvolupar activitats com la <a href="/wiki/Pesca" title="Pesca">pesca</a> o esports com la <a href="/wiki/Vela_esportiva" title="Vela esportiva">vela</a> o el <a href="/wiki/Caiac" title="Caiac">caiac</a>. Les embarcacions poden ser grans o petites (anomenades, respectivament i de forma genèrica, <i><a href="/wiki/Vaixell" title="Vaixell">vaixell</a></i> i <i><a href="/wiki/Barca" title="Barca">barca</a></i>), de qualsevol material (<a href="/wiki/Fusta" title="Fusta">fusta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metall" title="Metall">metall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pl%C3%A0stic" title="Plàstic">plàstics</a>…) i propulsades per diversos sistemes (tracció humana per <a href="/wiki/Rems" title="Rems">rems</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vent" title="Vent">vent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motors</a>…). L'aigua sobre la qual es mouen pot ser la de <a href="/wiki/Llacs" class="mw-redirect" title="Llacs">llacs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rius" class="mw-redirect" title="Rius">rius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mar" title="Mar">mars</a>, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Embarcació és un terme general que designa qualsevol giny capaç de navegar.<sup id="cite_ref-Imprenda_Nacional_1823_p._372_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Imprenda_Nacional_1823_p._372-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>El <a href="/wiki/Principi_d%27Arquimedes" title="Principi d'Arquimedes">principi d'Arquimedes</a> és el fonament que explica per què una embarcació no s'enfonsa: tot allò que sura és perquè desallotja un pes de líquid superior al seu propi pes; així, l'empenyiment és superior al pes i l'objecte sura. A partir d'aquí es desenvolupa el concepte de <a href="/wiki/Flotabilitat" title="Flotabilitat">flotabilitat</a>. </p><p>La millora de l'estanquitat en la construcció naval, el perfeccionament de les soldadures de metalls i els nous materials per a les juntes i aïllants va permetre que les embarcacions es desplacin també sota l'aigua, com els <a href="/wiki/Submar%C3%AD" title="Submarí">submarins</a> o els anomenats amfibis.<sup id="cite_ref-Symonds_2019_p._594_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Symonds_2019_p._594-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Història"><span id="Hist.C3.B2ria"></span>Història</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Embarcaci%C3%B3&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Història"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Comer%C3%A7_fenici.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Comer%C3%A7_fenici.jpg/220px-Comer%C3%A7_fenici.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Comer%C3%A7_fenici.jpg/330px-Comer%C3%A7_fenici.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Comer%C3%A7_fenici.jpg/440px-Comer%C3%A7_fenici.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1293" data-file-height="987" /></a><figcaption>Rutes comercials fenícies</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Floss.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Floss.jpg/220px-Floss.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Floss.jpg/330px-Floss.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Floss.jpg/440px-Floss.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Un <a href="/wiki/Rai" title="Rai">rai</a></figcaption></figure><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r30997230">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Article principal: <a href="/wiki/Hist%C3%B2ria_dels_vaixells" title="Història dels vaixells">Història dels vaixells</a></div> <p>La invenció de les embarcacions cal situar-la al <a href="/wiki/Neol%C3%ADtic" title="Neolític">neolític</a>; les primeres naus que van travessar les aigües eren utilitzades per a la caça i la pesca. Al simple <a href="/wiki/Tronc_(bot%C3%A0nica)" title="Tronc (botànica)">tronc</a>, el degueren seguir les embarcacions fetes amb <a href="/wiki/Jonc" title="Jonc">joncs</a> o <a href="/wiki/Canya_(planta)" title="Canya (planta)">canyes</a> unides lateralment amb lligams, que anomenem <a href="/wiki/Rai" title="Rai">rai</a>. Les <a href="/wiki/Piragua" title="Piragua">piragües</a> més antigues (d'uns 10.000 anys) descobertes a les excavacions <a href="/wiki/Arqueologia" title="Arqueologia">arqueològiques</a> van ser tallades amb eines de <a href="/wiki/Pedra" title="Pedra">pedra</a> a partir de troncs d'<a href="/wiki/Arbres" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbres">arbres</a> <a href="/wiki/Resina" title="Resina">resinosos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Les carabasses buides i assecades lligades entre elles i a troncs o canyes, van ser un element de flotació utilitzat així com els odres inflats o les cistelles folrades de pell. </p><p>Els <a href="/wiki/Vaixell" title="Vaixell">vaixells</a> capaços de cobrir distàncies més llargues, amb capacitat per transportar càrregues de major pes o volum, amb totes les seves variants, en serien pròpies dels pobles més avançats. </p><p>Les embarcacions han estat presents en la vida dels éssers humans des de ben antic: han estat indispensables per al <a href="/wiki/Transport" title="Transport">transport</a> i el <a href="/wiki/Comer%C3%A7" title="Comerç">comerç</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Pesca" title="Pesca">pesca</a>, les <a href="/wiki/Guerra" title="Guerra">guerres</a> i les <a href="/wiki/Conquesta" title="Conquesta">conquestes</a>, els grans <a href="/wiki/Viatge" title="Viatge">viatges</a> d'exploració, les colonitzacions, la difusió de la <a href="/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura">cultura, ⁣</a> dels <a href="/wiki/Coneixement" title="Coneixement">coneixements</a> i de les <a href="/wiki/Malaltia" title="Malaltia">malalties</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disseny">Disseny</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Embarcaci%C3%B3&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Disseny"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Pilot_Boat_New_York_with_US_Cruiser_Brooklyn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Pilot_Boat_New_York_with_US_Cruiser_Brooklyn.jpg/220px-Pilot_Boat_New_York_with_US_Cruiser_Brooklyn.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Pilot_Boat_New_York_with_US_Cruiser_Brooklyn.jpg/330px-Pilot_Boat_New_York_with_US_Cruiser_Brooklyn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Pilot_Boat_New_York_with_US_Cruiser_Brooklyn.jpg/440px-Pilot_Boat_New_York_with_US_Cruiser_Brooklyn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1555" data-file-height="927" /></a><figcaption>US Cruiser Brooklyn</figcaption></figure><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r30997230"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Article principal: <a href="/wiki/Construcci%C3%B3_naval" title="Construcció naval">Construcció naval</a></div><p> Qualsevol embarcació comprèn una sèrie d'elements constitutius que acostumen a ser-hi presents independentment de la mida que tinguin, com per exemple un <a href="/wiki/Buc_(n%C3%A0utica)" title="Buc (nàutica)">buc<i>, ⁣</i></a> normalment sòlid, que assegura que pugui surar sobre l'aigua i que de vegades pot ser tancat per la part superior; un sistema de <a href="/wiki/Propulsi%C3%B3" title="Propulsió">propulsió</a> i, sovint, un sistema direccional. Per tal de no crear resistència per l'aigua l'estructura de qualsevol embarcació té una forma de mitja bala o semblant. També es busca aconseguir un equilibri entre capacitat interna (<a href="/wiki/Arqueig" title="Arqueig">arqueig</a>), <a href="/wiki/Velocitat" title="Velocitat">velocitat</a> i <a href="/wiki/Navegaci%C3%B3" title="Navegació">navegabilitat</a>. L'arqueig és predominantment una consideració en les operacions de transport i la seguretat és una consideració primordial per als vehicles d'entrenament i esbarjo menys experimentats o, sovint, més petits i menys estables.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Yangzhou-Modern-Grand-Canal-boats-3351.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Yangzhou-Modern-Grand-Canal-boats-3351.JPG/220px-Yangzhou-Modern-Grand-Canal-boats-3351.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Yangzhou-Modern-Grand-Canal-boats-3351.JPG/330px-Yangzhou-Modern-Grand-Canal-boats-3351.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Yangzhou-Modern-Grand-Canal-boats-3351.JPG/440px-Yangzhou-Modern-Grand-Canal-boats-3351.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gavarra" title="Gavarra">Gavarres</a> al gran canal de la Xina, a <a href="/wiki/Yangzhou" title="Yangzhou">Yangzhou</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Dar_Pomorza_pod_zaglami_s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Dar_Pomorza_pod_zaglami_s.jpg/220px-Dar_Pomorza_pod_zaglami_s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Dar_Pomorza_pod_zaglami_s.jpg/330px-Dar_Pomorza_pod_zaglami_s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Dar_Pomorza_pod_zaglami_s.jpg/440px-Dar_Pomorza_pod_zaglami_s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption>Gran veler</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Materials_de_construcció"><span id="Materials_de_construcci.C3.B3"></span>Materials de construcció</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Embarcaci%C3%B3&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Materials de construcció"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Materials_clàssics"><span id="Materials_cl.C3.A0ssics"></span>Materials clàssics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Embarcaci%C3%B3&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Materials clàssics"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fins a la meitat del segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xix</span> la majoria d'embarcacions empraven materials naturals : fustes, canyes o joncs, escorça, pells d'animals... Cal esmentar les barques de joncs lligats de l'antic Egipte,<sup id="cite_ref-Barr_2011_p._40_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barr_2011_p._40-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> les canoes d'escorça de bedoll,<sup id="cite_ref-Boating_p._3-PP59_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boating_p._3-PP59-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> els caiacs<sup id="cite_ref-Heath_Arima_2004_p._134_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heath_Arima_2004_p._134-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i els coracles folrats de pell<sup id="cite_ref-Bowman_Zwecker_1861_p._359_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bowman_Zwecker_1861_p._359-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i les canoes fetes a partir d'un tronc buidat (monoxilon).<sup id="cite_ref-House_documents_1892_p._21_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-House_documents_1892_p._21-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cadascun dels materials emprats anava associat a un disseny determinat i unes tècniques d'unió que asseguraven el bon funcionament de l'embarcació i unes certes condicions de seguretat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Materials_industrials">Materials industrials</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Embarcaci%C3%B3&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Materials industrials"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferrociment" title="Ferrociment">Ferrociment</a><sup id="cite_ref-Bonnier_Corporation_p._110_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bonnier_Corporation_p._110-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Paper <sup id="cite_ref-Bonnier_Corporation_p._172_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bonnier_Corporation_p._172-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bonnier_Corporation_p._61_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bonnier_Corporation_p._61-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Construcció composta: estructura de ferro forjat industrial i folre de fusta.<sup id="cite_ref-Lubbock_2015_p._207_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lubbock_2015_p._207-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Paine_2000_p._19_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paine_2000_p._19-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Alumini<sup id="cite_ref-Nations_1993_p._5_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nations_1993_p._5-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Acer inoxidable<sup id="cite_ref-Paulet_Presles_Neuman_2020_p._437_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paulet_Presles_Neuman_2020_p._437-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Titani<sup id="cite_ref-Leyens_Peters_2006_p._400_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leyens_Peters_2006_p._400-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Termoplàstic. <ul><li>Opac.<sup id="cite_ref-Warshaw_2005_p._388_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Warshaw_2005_p._388-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Transparent.<sup id="cite_ref-Barche_a_Motore_2023_e413_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barche_a_Motore_2023_e413-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>"Fibra de vidre" (Resines termostàtiques reforçades amb fibres de vidre). Habitualment resina de <a href="/wiki/Poli%C3%A8ster" title="Polièster">polièster</a> reforçada amb teixits i feltres de <a href="/wiki/Fibra_de_vidre" title="Fibra de vidre">fibra de vidre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Graham-Jones_Summerscales_2015_p._45_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Graham-Jones_Summerscales_2015_p._45-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Resines epoxi reforçades amb <a href="/wiki/Kevlar" title="Kevlar">kevlar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bonnier_Corporation_p._95_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bonnier_Corporation_p._95-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Resines epoxi reforçades amb fibres de carboni.<sup id="cite_ref-Owen_Middleton_Jones_2000_p._136_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Owen_Middleton_Jones_2000_p._136-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Resines</li> <li>Fusta emmotllada en fred.<sup id="cite_ref-Nicolson_2016_p._29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nicolson_2016_p.-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Contraplacat de fusta.<sup id="cite_ref-Hearst_Magazines_p._146_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hearst_Magazines_p._146-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>El Patí de vela tradicional tenia els bucs de contraplacat de fusta.<sup id="cite_ref-Depoorter_2011_p._270_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Depoorter_2011_p._270-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I encara se'n construeixen amb aquest sistema. Tot i que hi ha models de construcció mixta.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Propulsió"><span id="Propulsi.C3.B3"></span>Propulsió</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Embarcaci%C3%B3&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Propulsió"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Històricament, els vehicles aquàtics han estat propulsats per persones amb pals, o <a href="/wiki/Rem_(objecte)" title="Rem (objecte)">rem</a>, mitjançant la manipulació de veles que s'impulsen per la pressió del vent i/o l'aixecament, i una varietat de maquinària dissenyada que crea una empenta subaquàtica a través del procés de <a href="/wiki/Motor_de_combusti%C3%B3_interna" title="Motor de combustió interna">combustió interna</a> o <a href="/wiki/Electricitat" title="Electricitat">electricitat</a>. </p><p>L'evolució tecnològica de les embarcacions a la història europea es pot dividir en referència a la propulsió marina en les següents etapes: </p> <ol><li>Simple embarcació de rems.</li> <li>Galeres de rems des del <a href="/wiki/Segle_VIII_aC" title="Segle VIII aC">segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">viii</span> aC</a> fins al segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xv</span>,</li> <li>Vela llatina durant <a href="/wiki/Era_dels_Descobriments" class="mw-redirect" title="Era dels Descobriments">l'Era dels Descobriments</a> des de principis del segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xv</span> fins a principis del segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xvii</span>.</li> <li>Vaixells amb aparell complet de l'Era de la Vela des del segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xvi</span> fins a mitjan segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xix</span>.</li> <li>La màquina de vapor marina recíproca de l'Era del Vapor aproximadament entre 1770 i 1914.</li> <li>La turbina de vapor, i més tard turbines de gas i motors de combustió interna que utilitzen combustible dièsel, gasolina i GNL com a combustibles de principis del segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xx</span>.</li> <li>Propulsió nuclear marina des de la dècada de 1950 en algunes embarcacions navals.</li></ol> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Pat%C3%AD_de_vela_antic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Pat%C3%AD_de_vela_antic.jpg/220px-Pat%C3%AD_de_vela_antic.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Pat%C3%AD_de_vela_antic.jpg/330px-Pat%C3%AD_de_vela_antic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Pat%C3%AD_de_vela_antic.jpg/440px-Pat%C3%AD_de_vela_antic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="431" /></a><figcaption>Patí de vela català</figcaption></figure> <p>El desenvolupament tecnològic actual busca identificar fonts de propulsió més barates, renovables i menys contaminants per a embarcacions de totes les formes i mides.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tipus_d'embarcacions"><span id="Tipus_d.27embarcacions"></span>Tipus d'embarcacions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Embarcaci%C3%B3&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la secció: Tipus d'embarcacions"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Mutandbarge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Mutandbarge.jpg/220px-Mutandbarge.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Mutandbarge.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="284" /></a><figcaption>Petit veler</figcaption></figure> <table> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td style="width:50%;padding-right:0.6em"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerolliscador" title="Aerolliscador">Aerolliscador</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Balandra" title="Balandra">Balandra</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Balandre" class="mw-redirect" title="Balandre">Balandre</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Barca" title="Barca">Barca</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Barcassa" title="Barcassa">Barcassa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Batiscaf" title="Batiscaf">Batiscaf</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bot_(embarcaci%C3%B3)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bot (embarcació)">Bot</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bricbarca" title="Bricbarca">Bricbarca</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Caiac" title="Caiac">Caiac</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Canoa" title="Canoa">Canoa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Canoa_polin%C3%A8sia_(vela)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canoa polinèsia (vela)">Canoa polinèsia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Caravel%C2%B7la" title="Caravel·la">Caravel·la</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%ADper" title="Clíper">Clíper</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Coca_(vaixell)" title="Coca (vaixell)">Coca</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Creuer_cuirassat" title="Creuer cuirassat">Creuer cuirassat</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Creuer_lleuger" title="Creuer lleuger">Creuer lleuger</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%BAter" title="Cúter">Cúter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Fragata_(vaixell)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fragata (vaixell)">Fragata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Galera" title="Galera">Galera</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Galiota" title="Galiota">Galiota</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Galiassa" title="Galiassa">Galiassa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gali%C3%B3" title="Galió">Galió</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Goleta" title="Goleta">Goleta</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B3ndola" title="Góndola">Góndola</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gussi" title="Gussi">Gussi</a></li></ul></td> <td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.6em"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iot" title="Iot">Iot</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jangada" title="Jangada">Jangada</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lembus" title="Lembus">Lembus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Liburna" title="Liburna">Liburna</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Llagut" title="Llagut">Llagut</a></li><li>Llanxa</li><li><a href="/wiki/Lleny" title="Lleny">Lleny</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADstic_(embarcaci%C3%B3)" class="mw-redirect" title="Místic (embarcació)">Místic</a></li><li><i><a href="/wiki/Optimist" title="Optimist">Optimist</a></i></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pat%C3%AD_de_vela" title="Patí de vela">Patí de vela</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Petrolier" title="Petrolier">Petrolier</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Piragua" title="Piragua">Piragua</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Portaavions" title="Portaavions">Portaavions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Portacontenidors" title="Portacontenidors">Portacontenidors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A0mfil" title="Pàmfil">Pàmfil</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Quetx" title="Quetx">Quetx</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Rai" title="Rai">Rai</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sloop" title="Sloop"><i>Sloop</i> (balandra)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tarida" title="Tarida">Tarida</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Transatl%C3%A0ntic" title="Transatlàntic">Transatlàntic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Transbordador" title="Transbordador">Transbordador</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Uixer_(vaixell)" title="Uixer (vaixell)">Uixer (vaixell)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Veler" class="mw-redirect" title="Veler">Veler</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Xabec" title="Xabec">Xabec</a></li><li><i><a href="/wiki/Zabra" title="Zabra">Zabra</a></i></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Embarcaci%C3%B3&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33663753">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-center{clear:both;margin:auto}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">A <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0gina_principal?uselang=ca">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Watercraft" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Watercraft">Embarcació</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Jal_Biblioteca_Provinciale_Ufficio_topografico_1848_p._622-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Jal_Biblioteca_Provinciale_Ufficio_topografico_1848_p._622_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFJal1848"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Jal</span>, A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=vN7v9OdBRb0C&pg=PA622"><i>Glossaire nautique répertoire polyglotte de termes de marine anciens et modernes par A. Jal</i></a> (en francès).  Didot, 1848, p. 622.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Glossaire+nautique+r%C3%A9pertoire+polyglotte+de+termes+de+marine+anciens+et+modernes+par+A.+Jal&rft.aulast=Jal&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.date=1848&rft.pub=Didot&rft.pages=622&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvN7v9OdBRb0C%26pg%3DPA622"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0100880.xml">embarcació</a>».  enciclopèdia.cat. [Consulta: 27 desembre 2021].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Imprenda_Nacional_1823_p._372-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Imprenda_Nacional_1823_p._372_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=99l1Y61YVE8C&pg=PA372"><i>Diccionario de la lengua castellana</i></a> (en castellà).  Imprenda Nacional, 1823, p. 372.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diccionario+de+la+lengua+castellana&rft.date=1823&rft.pub=Imprenda+Nacional&rft.pages=372&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D99l1Y61YVE8C%26pg%3DPA372"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Symonds_2019_p._594-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Symonds_2019_p._594_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFSymonds2019"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Symonds</span>, C.L.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=ZWewDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT594"><i>La Segunda Guerra Mundial en el mar: Una historia global</i></a> (en castellà).  LA ESFERA DE LOS LIBROS, S.L., 2019, p. 594 (Historia del siglo XX). <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-84-9164-693-8" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-84-9164-693-8">ISBN 978-84-9164-693-8</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Segunda+Guerra+Mundial+en+el+mar%3A+Una+historia+global&rft.aulast=Symonds&rft.aufirst=C.L.&rft.date=2019&rft.pub=LA+ESFERA+DE+LOS+LIBROS%2C+S.L.&rft.pages=594&rft.series=Historia+del+siglo+XX&rft.isbn=978-84-9164-693-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZWewDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT594"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFDall'Agnola1998"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Dall'Agnola</span>, Massimo «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=3002748">La navegación en edad neolítica en relación con la colonización de las Canarias</a>». <i>XII Coloquio de Historia Canario-Americana</i>. Cabildo Insular de Gran Canaria, 1998, pàg. 265–288.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.diariovasco.com/pg060927/prensa/noticias/Contraportada/200609/27/DVA-ULT-312.html">Las barcas del neolítico</a>» (en castellà), 27-09-2006. [Consulta: 27 desembre 2021].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fundacionaquae.org/wiki-explora/23_navegantes/index.html">Los primeros navegantes de la historia</a>».  Fundación Aquae. [Consulta: 27 desembre 2021].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/edad-moderna/20200825/32935/enfermedades-colon-llevo-america.html">Las enfermedades que Colón llevó a América</a>» (en castellà), 25-08-2020. [Consulta: 27 desembre 2021].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFObarti2020"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Obarti</span>, Javier. «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oceanicanautica.es/cy/partes-barco-conceptos-basicos/">Partes principales de un barco o embarcación</a>» (en castellà), 24-02-2020. [Consulta: 27 desembre 2021].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFSánchez_Rodríguez2013-12"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Sánchez Rodríguez</span>, Pablo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://upcommons.upc.edu/handle/2099.1/20357"><i>Diseño de una embarcación de 7 metros de LOA</i></a> (tesi) (en castellà).  Barcelona: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013-12.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dise%C3%B1o+de+una+embarcaci%C3%B3n+de+7+metros+de+LOA&rft.aulast=S%C3%A1nchez+Rodr%C3%ADguez&rft.aufirst=Pablo&rft.date=2013-12&rft.place=Barcelona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fupcommons.upc.edu%2Fhandle%2F2099.1%2F20357"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barr_2011_p._40-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Barr_2011_p._40_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFBarr2011"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Barr</span>, J.V.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=rsSp_Fthi7EC&pg=PA40"><i>The Floating Stones of Egypt</i></a>.  iUniverse, 2011, p. 40. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-1-4502-8747-0" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-1-4502-8747-0">ISBN 978-1-4502-8747-0</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Floating+Stones+of+Egypt&rft.aulast=Barr&rft.aufirst=J.V.&rft.date=2011&rft.pub=iUniverse&rft.pages=40&rft.isbn=978-1-4502-8747-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrsSp_Fthi7EC%26pg%3DPA40"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boating_p._3-PP59-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Boating_p._3-PP59_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=6Rpr4kuBGbgC&pg=RA3-PP59"><i>Boating</i></a>, p. 3-PP59.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Boating&rft.pages=3-PP59&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6Rpr4kuBGbgC%26pg%3DRA3-PP59"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Heath_Arima_2004_p._134-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Heath_Arima_2004_p._134_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFHeathArima2004"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Heath</span>, J.D.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Arima</span>, E.Y.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=0OnFxQ1sxiAC&pg=PA134"><i>Eastern Arctic Kayaks: History, Design, Technique</i></a> (en francès).  University of Alaska Press, 2004, p. 134. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-1-889963-25-9" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-1-889963-25-9">ISBN 978-1-889963-25-9</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eastern+Arctic+Kayaks%3A+History%2C+Design%2C+Technique&rft.aulast=Heath&rft.aufirst=J.D.&rft.date=2004&rft.pub=University+of+Alaska+Press&rft.pages=134&rft.isbn=978-1-889963-25-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0OnFxQ1sxiAC%26pg%3DPA134"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bowman_Zwecker_1861_p._359-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bowman_Zwecker_1861_p._359_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFBowmanZwecker1861"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Bowman</span>, A.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Zwecker</span>, J.B.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=v9FLAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA359"><i>The Bear-hunters of the Rocky Mountains</i></a>.  Routledge, Warne, & Routledge, 1861, p. 359 (Nineteenth Century Collections Online: Children's Literature and Childhood).</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bear-hunters+of+the+Rocky+Mountains&rft.aulast=Bowman&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.date=1861&rft.pub=Routledge%2C+Warne%2C+%26+Routledge&rft.pages=359&rft.series=Nineteenth+Century+Collections+Online%3A+Children%27s+Literature+and+Childhood&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv9FLAAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DPA359"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-House_documents_1892_p._21-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-House_documents_1892_p._21_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=qhRmcTsI7qUC&pg=PA21"><i>House documents</i></a> (en francès), 1892, p. 21 (House documents).</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=House+documents&rft.date=1892&rft.pages=21&rft.series=House+documents&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqhRmcTsI7qUC%26pg%3DPA21"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bonnier_Corporation_p._110-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bonnier_Corporation_p._110_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=PioDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA110"><i>Popular Science</i></a>.  Bonnier Corporation, p. 110.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Popular+Science&rft.pub=Bonnier+Corporation&rft.pages=110&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPioDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA110"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bonnier_Corporation_p._172-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bonnier_Corporation_p._172_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=pCEDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA172"><i>Popular Science</i></a>.  Bonnier Corporation, p. 172.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Popular+Science&rft.pub=Bonnier+Corporation&rft.pages=172&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpCEDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA172"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bonnier_Corporation_p._61-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bonnier_Corporation_p._61_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=yCADAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA61"><i>Popular Science</i></a>.  Bonnier Corporation, p. 61.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Popular+Science&rft.pub=Bonnier+Corporation&rft.pages=61&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyCADAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA61"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lubbock_2015_p._207-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Lubbock_2015_p._207_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFLubbock2015"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Lubbock</span>, B. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=iD60BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207"><i>The China Clippers</i></a>.  Europäischer Hochschulverlag, 2015, p. 207. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-3-95427-454-3" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-3-95427-454-3">ISBN 978-3-95427-454-3</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+China+Clippers&rft.aulast=Lubbock&rft.aufirst=B.&rft.date=2015&rft.pub=Europ%C3%A4ischer+Hochschulverlag&rft.pages=207&rft.isbn=978-3-95427-454-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiD60BgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA207"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Paine_2000_p._19-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Paine_2000_p._19_20-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFPaine2000"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Paine</span>, L.P.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=Xh7CSxFeK-IC&pg=PR19"><i>Warships of the World to 1900</i></a>.  Houghton Mifflin, 2000, p. 19. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-0-395-98414-7" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-0-395-98414-7">ISBN 978-0-395-98414-7</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Warships+of+the+World+to+1900&rft.aulast=Paine&rft.aufirst=L.P.&rft.date=2000&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin&rft.pages=19&rft.isbn=978-0-395-98414-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXh7CSxFeK-IC%26pg%3DPR19"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nations_1993_p._5-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Nations_1993_p._5_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFNations1993"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Nations</span>, F.A.O.U.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=zPCliDonIpUC&pg=PA5"><i>Construction de Bateaux de Peche</i></a> (en francès).  Fao, 1993, p. 5 (FAO Documents Techniques Sur les Pêches et L'Aquaculture Series). <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-92-5-203116-1" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-92-5-203116-1">ISBN 978-92-5-203116-1</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Construction+de+Bateaux+de+Peche&rft.aulast=Nations&rft.aufirst=F.A.O.U.&rft.date=1993&rft.pub=Fao&rft.pages=5&rft.series=FAO+Documents+Techniques+Sur+les+P%C3%AAches+et+L%27Aquaculture+Series&rft.isbn=978-92-5-203116-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzPCliDonIpUC%26pg%3DPA5"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Paulet_Presles_Neuman_2020_p._437-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Paulet_Presles_Neuman_2020_p._437_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFPauletPreslesNeuman2020"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Paulet</span>, D.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Presles</span>, D.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Neuman</span>, F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=T8LTDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA437"><i>Architecture navale: Connaissance et pratique</i></a> (en francès).  Dunod, 2020, p. 437. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-2-10-081123-6" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-2-10-081123-6">ISBN 978-2-10-081123-6</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Architecture+navale%3A+Connaissance+et+pratique&rft.aulast=Paulet&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.date=2020&rft.pub=Dunod&rft.pages=437&rft.isbn=978-2-10-081123-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DT8LTDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA437"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leyens_Peters_2006_p._400-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Leyens_Peters_2006_p._400_23-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFLeyensPeters2006"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Leyens</span>, C.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Peters</span>, M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=okSA1N1xAxgC&pg=PA400"><i>Titanium and Titanium Alloys: Fundamentals and Applications</i></a>.  Wiley, 2006, p. 400. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-3-527-60520-0" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-3-527-60520-0">ISBN 978-3-527-60520-0</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Titanium+and+Titanium+Alloys%3A+Fundamentals+and+Applications&rft.aulast=Leyens&rft.aufirst=C.&rft.date=2006&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.pages=400&rft.isbn=978-3-527-60520-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DokSA1N1xAxgC%26pg%3DPA400"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Warshaw_2005_p._388-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Warshaw_2005_p._388_24-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFWarshaw2005"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Warshaw</span>, M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=-DWQSYRx4MUC&pg=PA388"><i>The Encyclopedia of Surfing</i></a>.  Harcourt, 2005, p. 388 (Harvest book). <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-0-15-603251-3" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-0-15-603251-3">ISBN 978-0-15-603251-3</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Surfing&rft.aulast=Warshaw&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.date=2005&rft.pub=Harcourt&rft.pages=388&rft.series=Harvest+book&rft.isbn=978-0-15-603251-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-DWQSYRx4MUC%26pg%3DPA388"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barche_a_Motore_2023_e413-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Barche_a_Motore_2023_e413_25-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://barcheamotore.com/vergaplast-becomes-verga-1958-lomazzo-shipyard-changes-name/?lang=en">Verga 1958: VergaPlast changes its name</a>». <i>Barche a Motore</i>, 09-02-2023. [Consulta: 27 juliol 2023].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Graham-Jones_Summerscales_2015_p._45-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Graham-Jones_Summerscales_2015_p._45_26-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFGraham-JonesSummerscales2015"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Graham-Jones</span>, J.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Summerscales</span>, J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=ZtqoBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA45"><i>Marine Applications of Advanced Fibre-reinforced Composites</i></a>.  Elsevier Science, 2015, p. 45 (Woodhead Publishing Series in Composites Science and Engineering). <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-0-08-100200-1" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-0-08-100200-1">ISBN 978-0-08-100200-1</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Marine+Applications+of+Advanced+Fibre-reinforced+Composites&rft.aulast=Graham-Jones&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.date=2015&rft.pub=Elsevier+Science&rft.pages=45&rft.series=Woodhead+Publishing+Series+in+Composites+Science+and+Engineering&rft.isbn=978-0-08-100200-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZtqoBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA45"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bonnier_Corporation_p._95-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bonnier_Corporation_p._95_27-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=rwAAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA95"><i>Popular Science</i></a>.  Bonnier Corporation, p. 95.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Popular+Science&rft.pub=Bonnier+Corporation&rft.pages=95&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrwAAAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA95"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Owen_Middleton_Jones_2000_p._136-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Owen_Middleton_Jones_2000_p._136_28-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFOwenMiddletonJones2000"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Owen</span>, M.J.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Middleton</span>, V.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Jones</span>, I.A.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=WBakAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA136"><i>Integrated Design and Manufacture Using Fibre-Reinforced Polymeric Composites</i></a>.  Elsevier Science, 2000, p. 136 (Woodhead Publishing Series in Composites Science and Engineering). <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-1-85573-887-4" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-1-85573-887-4">ISBN 978-1-85573-887-4</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Integrated+Design+and+Manufacture+Using+Fibre-Reinforced+Polymeric+Composites&rft.aulast=Owen&rft.aufirst=M.J.&rft.date=2000&rft.pub=Elsevier+Science&rft.pages=136&rft.series=Woodhead+Publishing+Series+in+Composites+Science+and+Engineering&rft.isbn=978-1-85573-887-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWBakAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA136"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nicolson_2016_p.-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Nicolson_2016_p._29-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFNicolson2016"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Nicolson</span>, I. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=dE8dDAAAQBAJ"><i>Boatbuilding: Cold-moulded and Strip-Planked Wood</i></a>.  Amberley Publishing, 2016. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-1-4456-5167-5" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-1-4456-5167-5">ISBN 978-1-4456-5167-5</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Boatbuilding%3A+Cold-moulded+and+Strip-Planked+Wood&rft.aulast=Nicolson&rft.aufirst=I.&rft.date=2016&rft.pub=Amberley+Publishing&rft.isbn=978-1-4456-5167-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdE8dDAAAQBAJ"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hearst_Magazines_p._146-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Hearst_Magazines_p._146_30-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=QOMDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA146"><i>Popular Mechanics</i></a>.  Hearst Magazines, p. 146.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Popular+Mechanics&rft.pub=Hearst+Magazines&rft.pages=146&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQOMDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA146"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Depoorter_2011_p._270-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Depoorter_2011_p._270_31-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFDepoorter2011"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Depoorter</span>, G. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=3OnBUFHtvXUC&pg=PA270"><i>El patín a vela</i></a> (en castellà).  Editorial Hispano Europea, S.A., 2011, p. 270 (Vintage Herakles). <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-84-255-1970-3" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-84-255-1970-3">ISBN 978-84-255-1970-3</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+pat%C3%ADn+a+vela&rft.aulast=Depoorter&rft.aufirst=G.&rft.date=2011&rft.pub=Editorial+Hispano+Europea%2C+S.A.&rft.pages=270&rft.series=Vintage+Herakles&rft.isbn=978-84-255-1970-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3OnBUFHtvXUC%26pg%3DPA270"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ricepropulsion.com/TNLS/propulsion_de_barcos.htm">Propulsión de barcos</a>». [Consulta: 27 desembre 2021].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.areanautica.es/como-funciona-la-propulsion-en-embarcaciones-de-vela/">¿Cómo funciona la propulsión en embarcaciones de vela?</a>» (en castellà), 20-02-2020. [Consulta: 27 desembre 2021].</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Control_d%27autoritats" title="Control d'autoritats">Registres d'autoritat</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4136257-3">1</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span style="display: none;" class="interProject"><a href="https://ca.wiktionary.org/wiki/embarcaci%C3%B3" class="extiw" title="wikt:embarcació">Viccionari</a></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtingut de «<a dir="ltr" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Embarcació&oldid=33929168">https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Embarcació&oldid=33929168</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Embarcacions" title="Categoria:Embarcacions">Embarcacions</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categories ocultes: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P%C3%A0gines_amb_enlla%C3%A7_commonscat_des_de_Wikidata" title="Categoria:Pàgines amb enllaç commonscat des de Wikidata">Pàgines amb enllaç commonscat des de Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Control_d%27autoritats" title="Categoria:Control d'autoritats">Control d'autoritats</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La pàgina va ser modificada per darrera vegada el 12 set 2024 a les 14:18.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">El text està disponible sota la <a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Text_de_la_llic%C3%A8ncia_de_Creative_Commons_Reconeixement-Compartir_Igual_4.0_No_adaptada" title="Viquipèdia:Text de la llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement-Compartir Igual 4.0 No adaptada"> Llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement i Compartir-Igual</a>; es poden aplicar termes addicionals. 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