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class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:Plastic_wrap" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Language</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Plastic+wrap" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about a plastic layer used for short-term preservation of domestic foods. For a plastic wrap often used in bulk packaging, see <a href="/wiki/Shrink_wrap" title="Shrink wrap">Shrink wrap</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stretch_wrap" title="Stretch wrap">Stretch wrap</a>.</div> <p><b>Plastic wrap</b>, <b>cling film</b>, <b><a href="/wiki/Saran_(plastic)" title="Saran (plastic)">Saran</a> wrap</b>, <b>cling wrap</b>, <b><a href="/wiki/The_Glad_Products_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="The Glad Products Company">Glad</a> wrap</b> or <b>food wrap</b> is a thin <a href="/wiki/Plastic_film" title="Plastic film">plastic film</a> typically used for sealing <a href="/wiki/Food" title="Food">food</a> items in containers to keep them fresh over a longer period of time. Plastic wrap, typically sold on rolls in boxes with a cutting edge, clings to many smooth surfaces and can thus remain tight over the opening of a container without <a href="/wiki/Adhesive" title="Adhesive">adhesive</a>. Common plastic wrap is roughly 0.0005 inches (12.7 μm) thick.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The trend has been to produce thinner plastic wrap, particularly for household use (where very little stretch is needed), so now the majority of brands on shelves around the world are 8, 9 or 10 μm thick. </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pvc-Film.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Pvc-Film.jpg/220px-Pvc-Film.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Pvc-Film.jpg/330px-Pvc-Film.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Pvc-Film.jpg/440px-Pvc-Film.jpg 2x" data-file-width="472" data-file-height="500"></a><figcaption>A roll of plastic wrap</figcaption></figure> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Materials_used"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Materials used</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Food_use"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Food use</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Purpose"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Purpose</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Health_concern"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Health concern</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Environmental_concerns"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Environmental concerns</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Medical_use"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Medical use</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Materials_used">Materials used</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Plastic_wrap&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Materials used" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Plastic wrap was initially<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (September 2023)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> created from <a href="/wiki/Polyvinyl_chloride" title="Polyvinyl chloride">polyvinyl chloride</a> (PVC), which remains the most common component globally. PVC has an acceptably-low permeability to water vapor and oxygen,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> helping to preserve the freshness of food. There are concerns about the transfer of <a href="/wiki/Plasticizers" class="mw-redirect" title="Plasticizers">plasticizers</a> from PVC into food.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/Pliofilm" title="Pliofilm">Pliofilm</a> was made of various kinds of rubber chloride. Used in the middle of the 20th century, it could be heat-sealed.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A common, cheaper alternative to PVC is <a href="/wiki/Low-density_polyethylene" title="Low-density polyethylene">low-density polyethylene</a> (LDPE). It is less adhesive than PVC, but this can be remedied by adding <a href="/wiki/Linear_low-density_polyethylene" title="Linear low-density polyethylene">linear low-density polyethylene</a> (LLDPE), which also increases the film's <a href="/wiki/Tensile_strength" class="mw-redirect" title="Tensile strength">tensile strength</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the US and Japan, plastic wrap is sometimes produced using <a href="/wiki/Polyvinylidene_chloride" title="Polyvinylidene chloride">polyvinylidene chloride</a> (PVdC), though some brands, such as <a href="/wiki/Saran_(plastic)" title="Saran (plastic)">Saran</a> wrap, have switched to other formulations due to environmental concerns.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Food_use">Food use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Plastic_wrap&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Food use" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Purpose">Purpose</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Plastic_wrap&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Purpose" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dauj%C4%97n%C5%B3_namin%C4%97_duona.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Dauj%C4%97n%C5%B3_namin%C4%97_duona.JPG/220px-Dauj%C4%97n%C5%B3_namin%C4%97_duona.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Dauj%C4%97n%C5%B3_namin%C4%97_duona.JPG/220px-Dauj%C4%97n%C5%B3_namin%C4%97_duona.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Dauj%C4%97n%C5%B3_namin%C4%97_duona.JPG/330px-Dauj%C4%97n%C5%B3_namin%C4%97_duona.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Dauj%C4%97n%C5%B3_namin%C4%97_duona.JPG/440px-Dauj%C4%97n%C5%B3_namin%C4%97_duona.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Bread wrapped in plastic wrap</figcaption></figure> <p>The most important role plastic wrap plays in <a href="/wiki/Food_packaging" title="Food packaging">food packaging</a> is protection and preservation. Plastic wrap can prevent food from perishing, extend its shelf-life, and maintain the quality of food. Plastic wrap generally provides protection for food from three aspects: chemical (gases, moisture, and light), biological (microorganisms, insects and animals), and physical (mechanical damage). In addition to food protection and preservation, plastic wrap can also reduce <a href="/wiki/Food_waste" class="mw-redirect" title="Food waste">food waste</a>, tag food information, ease the distribution processes, and increase product visibility and microwavability.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_concern">Health concern</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Plastic_wrap&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Health concern" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Plastic materials are widely used in the food industry due to their low price and convenience; however, there has been an increased health concern because of the possibility of releasing undesirable chemicals from plastic materials into food products. Plastic packages are made of various materials such as polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, etc. Additives, including <a href="/wiki/Lubricant" title="Lubricant">lubricants</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plasticizer" title="Plasticizer">plasticizers</a>, <a href="/wiki/UV-absorber" class="mw-redirect" title="UV-absorber">UV-absorbers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colourant" title="Colourant">colorants</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Antioxidant" title="Antioxidant">antioxidants</a>, are added into plastic materials in order to improve the quality and properties of the plastics. Besides, plastic materials are often coated and printed in the final processes, in which inks and <a href="/wiki/Varnish" title="Varnish">varnishes</a> are used. Although the barrier properties of the plastic packages provide protection of foods from external contaminations, the additives and coating materials in the plastic packages are able to penetrate into foods and cause health-related issues.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"It is true that substances used to make plastics can leach into food," says Edward Machuga, Ph.D., a consumer safety officer in the <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">FDA</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Food_Safety_and_Applied_Nutrition" title="Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition">Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition</a>. “But as part of the approval process, the FDA considers the amount of a substance expected to migrate into food and the toxicological concerns about the particular chemical.” A couple of cases have caught media attention in recent years. One case is in regard to <a href="/wiki/Diethylhexyl_adipate" class="mw-redirect" title="Diethylhexyl adipate">diethylhexyl adipate</a> (DEHA). DEHA is a plasticizer, a substance added to some plastics in order to make them flexible. There are public concerns about DEHA exposure while consuming food with plastic wraps. There are potentials of exposure to DEHA; however, the levels of the exposure are much lower than the no toxic effect levels in animal studies. Another case is in regard to the dioxins, labeled as "likely human carcinogen" by the Environmental Protection Agency. The public has been misled by the claims that plastics contain dioxins <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, while Machuga stated that no evidence that shows plastic containers or films contain dioxins was seen by the FDA <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. According to writing in FDA Consumer Magazine as of November 2002, when used properly the use of plastic wrap in food preparation does not pose danger to human health.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environmental_concerns">Environmental concerns</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Plastic_wrap&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Environmental concerns" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The accumulation of <a href="/wiki/Plastic_pollution" title="Plastic pollution">plastic debris</a> on the Earth threatens both wildlife and the environment. Plastic debris might choke or trap wildlife, and it could also penetrate toxic compounds into ecosystems. This land-originated problem has become a problem in ocean ecosystem as well since streams and rivers which are close to the land have carried the plastic debris into the coast, and currents transfer it to everywhere in the ocean. Plastic debris is a potential danger to all forms of aquatic life. Some marine species, like sea turtles, take plastic as prey items by mistake. Besides, some species might even pick up plastics and feed their offspring, which cause huge problems on growth and even cause mortality. Toxic compounds in plastics can disrupt hormone regulation in the cells of organisms, which can lead to alteration of animals’ mating behavior, reproductive ability, and even cause the development of tumors.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A study shows that using recycled plastic materials can reduce the environmental impacts significantly as a result of minimizing exploration, mining and transportation of natural gas and oil. One of the possible ways to increase the recycling rate is adding fibrous reinforcement into plastics. The environmental impact has been assessed using the life cycle assessment method. The results showed that plastics with fibrous reinforcement added can sharply reduce resource usage and global warming in civil applications.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Medical_use">Medical use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Plastic_wrap&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Medical use" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <ul><li>Some studies have suggested that wrapping <a href="/wiki/Premature_babies" class="mw-redirect" title="Premature babies">premature babies</a> in plastic wrap immediately after birth may help prevent <a href="/wiki/Hypothermia" title="Hypothermia">low temperature</a> before arrival to the <a href="/wiki/Neonatal_intensive_care_unit" title="Neonatal intensive care unit">neonatal intensive care unit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Plastic wrap is used as a <a href="/wiki/First_aid" title="First aid">first aid</a> dressing for <a href="/wiki/Burn" title="Burn">burns</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Plastic_wrap&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aluminium_foil" title="Aluminium foil">Aluminium foil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cellophane" title="Cellophane">Cellophane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overwrap" title="Overwrap">Overwrap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stretch_wrap" title="Stretch wrap">Stretch wrap</a>, plastic wrap used in large-scale industrial and commercial packaging</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wax_paper" class="mw-redirect" title="Wax paper">Wax paper</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Plastic_wrap&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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.citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.matweb.com/search/datasheet.aspx?matguid=57c29e222a7749d58267c18e9e18b637">"Dow Saran Wrap 3 Plastic Film"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dow+Saran+Wrap+3+Plastic+Film&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.matweb.com%2Fsearch%2Fdatasheet.aspx%3Fmatguid%3D57c29e222a7749d58267c18e9e18b637&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlastic+wrap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.glad.com/faqs/plasticwrap.php">"FAQs: Microwave, Dishwasher & Freezer Q&A"</a>. 20 November 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110223154555/http://www.glad.com/faqs/plasticwrap.php">Archived</a> from the original on 23 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FAQs%3A+Microwave%2C+Dishwasher+%26+Freezer+Q%26A&rft.date=2014-11-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.glad.com%2Ffaqs%2Fplasticwrap.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlastic+wrap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoultate2015" class="citation book cs1">Coultate, Tom (2015-08-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-kO5CgAAQBAJ&q=pvc%2520cling%2520film%2520permeability&pg=PA488"><i>Food: The Chemistry of its Components: 6th Edition</i></a>. Royal Society of Chemistry. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781849738804" title="Special:BookSources/9781849738804"><bdi>9781849738804</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160428065131/https://books.google.co.th/books?id=-kO5CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA488&lpg=PA488&dq=pvc+cling+film+permeability&source=bl&ots=b5SHT3RVQ2&sig=33Cn0KRsLcwYeheOqGGISAN9KC4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiNt9jixOrLAhVGA44KHbK6CGUQ6AEINDAE#v=onepage&q=pvc%2520cling%2520film%2520permeability&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-04-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food%3A+The+Chemistry+of+its+Components%3A+6th+Edition&rft.pub=Royal+Society+of+Chemistry&rft.date=2015-08-17&rft.isbn=9781849738804&rft.aulast=Coultate&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-kO5CgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dpvc%252520cling%252520film%252520permeability%26pg%3DPA488&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlastic+wrap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/pliofilm">"Pliofilm | Encyclopedia.com"</a>. <i>www.encyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%95" title="প্লাস্টিকের মোড়ক – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্লাস্টিকের মোড়ক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%89%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B" title="སོས་ཉར་འགྱིག་ཁེབས་ཀྱི་ – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སོས་ཉར་འགྱིག་ཁེབས་ཀྱི་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_pl%C3%A0stic" title="Film plàstic – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Film plàstic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glynlen" title="Glynlen – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Glynlen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adh%C3%A4sionsfolie" title="Adhäsionsfolie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Adhäsionsfolie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_pl%C3%A1stico" title="Film plástico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Film plástico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastfolio" title="Plastfolio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Plastfolio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%82_%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="ورق پلاستیکی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ورق پلاستیکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_%C3%A9tirable" title="Film étirable – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Film étirable" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B1_%EB%9E%A9" title="플라스틱 랩 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="플라스틱 랩" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungkus_plastik" title="Bungkus plastik – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bungkus plastik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pellicola_alimentare" title="Pellicola alimentare – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pellicola alimentare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%9E%D7%93" title="ניילון נצמד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ניילון נצמד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D" title="പ്ലാസ്റ്റിക് റാപ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്ലാസ്റ്റിക് റാപ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huishoudfolie" title="Huishoudfolie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Huishoudfolie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E7%94%A8%E3%83%A9%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%A0" title="食品用ラップフィルム – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="食品用ラップフィルム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_wrap" title="Plastic wrap – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Plastic wrap" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuorekelmu" title="Tuorekelmu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tuorekelmu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastfolie" title="Plastfolie – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Plastfolie" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B" title="พลาสติกแรป – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พลาสติกแรป" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E9%AE%AE%E7%B4%99" title="保鮮紙 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="保鮮紙" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E9%AE%AE%E7%B4%99" title="保鮮紙 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="保鮮紙" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div 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