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class=""><span>기부</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다" class=""><span>계정 만들기</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-병역_이행의_유형" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#병역_이행의_유형"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>병역 이행의 유형</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-병역_이행의_유형-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-각국의_병역_형태" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각국의_병역_형태"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>각국의 병역 형태</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각국의_병역_형태-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-같이_보기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#같이_보기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>같이 보기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-같이_보기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">병역</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 45개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="خدمة عسكرية – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خدمة عسكرية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serviciu_militar" title="Serviciu militar – 아스투리아어" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Serviciu militar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="아스투리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C9%99rbi_xidm%C9%99t" title="Hərbi xidmət – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hərbi xidmət" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B3%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="عسگرلیک خیدمتی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="عسگرلیک خیدمتی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Вайсковая служба – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вайсковая служба" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Военна служба – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Военна служба" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servei_militar" title="Servei militar – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Servei militar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="خزمەتی سەربازی – 소라니 쿠르드어" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خزمەتی سەربازی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="소라니 쿠르드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1kladn%C3%AD_vojensk%C3%A1_slu%C5%BEba" title="Základní vojenská služba – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Základní vojenská služba" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwasanaeth_milwrol" title="Gwasanaeth milwrol – 웨일스어" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwasanaeth milwrol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="웨일스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wehrdienst" title="Wehrdienst – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wehrdienst" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%85%CF%80%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Στρατιωτική υπηρεσία – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Στρατιωτική υπηρεσία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_service" title="Military service – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Military service" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Militservo" title="Militservo – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Militservo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servicio_militar" title="Servicio militar – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Servicio militar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B5jav%C3%A4eteenistus" title="Sõjaväeteenistus – 에스토니아어" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sõjaväeteenistus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="에스토니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soldadutza" title="Soldadutza – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Soldadutza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%AA_%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="خدمت نظامی – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خدمت نظامی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luettelo_valtioista_asevelvollisuuden_mukaan" title="Luettelo valtioista asevelvollisuuden mukaan – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Luettelo valtioista asevelvollisuuden mukaan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_militaire" title="Service militaire – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Service militaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servizo_militar" title="Servizo militar – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Servizo militar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojni_rok" title="Vojni rok – 크로아티아어" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vojni rok" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinas_militer" title="Dinas militer – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dinas militer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%80%D1%83%D0%BB" title="БӀул – 인귀시어" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="БӀул" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="인귀시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servizio_militare" title="Servizio militare – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Servizio militare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%B5%E5%BD%B9" title="兵役 – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="兵役" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8_%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Әскери қызмет – 카자흐어" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Әскери қызмет" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="카자흐어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karo_tarnyba" title="Karo tarnyba – 리투아니아어" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Karo tarnyba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="리투아니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabang_tentera" title="Cabang tentera – 말레이어" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Cabang tentera" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="말레이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%85%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AF%E1%80%91%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="စစ်မှုထမ်းခြင်း – 버마어" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="စစ်မှုထမ်းခြင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="버마어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_wojskowa" title="Służba wojskowa – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Służba wojskowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servi%C3%A7o_militar" title="Serviço militar – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Serviço militar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Военная служба – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Военная служба" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leva" title="Leva – 시칠리아어" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Leva" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="시칠리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojni_rok" title="Vojni rok – 세르비아-크로아티아어" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vojni rok" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="세르비아-크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_service" title="Military service – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Military service" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voja%C5%A1ka_slu%C5%BEba" title="Vojaška služba – 슬로베니아어" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vojaška služba" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="슬로베니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sh%C3%ABrbimi_ushtarak" title="Shërbimi ushtarak – 알바니아어" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shërbimi ushtarak" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="알바니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Војна служба – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Војна служба" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totalf%C3%B6rsvarsplikt" title="Totalförsvarsplikt – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Totalförsvarsplikt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Askerlik_hizmeti" title="Askerlik hizmeti – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Askerlik hizmeti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Військова служба – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Військова служба" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serv%C3%ACsio_mi%C5%82itare" 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<div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">보이기</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ko" dir="ltr"><p><span class="nowrap"></span> <b>병역</b>(兵役) 또는 <b>군역</b>(軍役)(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: </span><span lang="en">Military service</span>)은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EB%B6%80" title="정부">정부</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EB%8C%80" title="군대">군대</a>에서 일정한 기간 동안 복무하는 일을 가리킨다. 유의어로 <b>군복무</b>(軍服務)라는 용어도 함께 쓰인다. <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD" title="대한민국">대한민국</a>에서는 병역을 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EA%B0%80" title="국가">국가</a>에 대한 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EB%AF%BC" title="국민">국민</a>의 의무로서 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a>라는 용어와 동일시하는 경향이 있지만 전 세계적으로는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="모병제">모병제</a>나 선택적 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a> 등 다양한 병역이 존재한다. <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD" title="대한민국">대한민국</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%84%A0%EB%AF%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="조선민주주의인민공화국">조선민주주의인민공화국</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%EB%9D%BC%EC%97%98" title="이스라엘">이스라엘</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%9E%80" title="이란">이란</a>과 같은 일부 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EA%B0%80" title="국가">국가</a>는 정해진 만큼의 군복무를 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%AF%BC" title="시민">시민</a>에게 요구하는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a>를 실시한다. 완전한 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="모병제">모병제</a>를 취하는 국가에서는 전시 동안 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%91%EC%82%AC_(%EA%B5%B0%EC%9D%B8_%EA%B3%84%EA%B8%89)" class="mw-redirect" title="병사 (군인 계급)">징집병</a>으로서 보충하는 상황이 아닌 경우 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%AF%BC" title="시민">시민</a>들은 병역의 의무를 지지 않는다.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Conscription_map_of_the_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Conscription_map_of_the_world.svg/500px-Conscription_map_of_the_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Conscription_map_of_the_world.svg/750px-Conscription_map_of_the_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Conscription_map_of_the_world.svg/1000px-Conscription_map_of_the_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1134" /></a><figcaption>국가별 병역 제도<br /> <span style="font-family:Code2000, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Doulos SIL, Chrysanthi Unicode, Arial Unicode MS, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Gentium, GentiumAlt, Lucida Sans Unicode; color:#5cacc4;">█</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="모병제">모병제</a><br /> <span style="font-family:Code2000, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Doulos SIL, Chrysanthi Unicode, Arial Unicode MS, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Gentium, GentiumAlt, Lucida Sans Unicode; color:#8000FF;">█</span> 징모혼합제(징병제와 모병제 혼용)<br /> <span style="font-family:Code2000, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Doulos SIL, Chrysanthi Unicode, Arial Unicode MS, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Gentium, GentiumAlt, Lucida Sans Unicode; color:#ff5254;">█</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a><br /> <span style="font-family:Code2000, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Doulos SIL, Chrysanthi Unicode, Arial Unicode MS, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Gentium, GentiumAlt, Lucida Sans Unicode; color:#8cd19d;">█</span> <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EB%8C%80%EA%B0%80_%EC%97%86%EB%8A%94_%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D" title="군대가 없는 나라 목록">군대 없음</a><br /> <span style="font-family:Code2000, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Doulos SIL, Chrysanthi Unicode, Arial Unicode MS, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Gentium, GentiumAlt, Lucida Sans Unicode; color:#b9b9b9;">█</span> 데이터 없음<br /> (과거: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Conscription_map_of_the_world(1968).svg" class="extiw" title="c:File:Conscription map of the world(1968).svg">1968년 국가별 병역제도</a>, <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Conscription_map_of_the_world(1985).svg" class="extiw" title="c:File:Conscription map of the world(1985).svg">1985년 국가별 병역제도</a>)</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="병역_이행의_유형"><span id=".EB.B3.91.EC.97.AD_.EC.9D.B4.ED.96.89.EC.9D.98_.EC.9C.A0.ED.98.95"></span>병역 이행의 유형</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 병역 이행의 유형"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EA%B0%80" title="국가">국가</a>는 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EB%AF%BC" title="국민">국민</a>을 언제든 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징집</a>(徵集)할 수 있는 권한이 있으며, 반대로 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EB%AF%BC" title="국민">국민</a>은 의무로서 병역을 지닌다. <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD" title="대한민국">대한민국</a> 등 일부 국가들은 국민개병제도에 따라 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병</a>을 실시하고 있다. </p><p>한편 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC" title="독일">독일</a>은 <a href="/wiki/2011%EB%85%84" title="2011년">2011년</a> 7월 1일부터 법적 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a>를 완전히 폐지하였다.<sup id="cite_ref-news.naver.com_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-news.naver.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-media.daum.net_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-media.daum.net-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD" title="미국">미국</a>과 같이 평시에는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징집</a>하지 않고, 전시에만 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징집</a>하는 경우도 있다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각국의_병역_형태"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EA.B5.AD.EC.9D.98_.EB.B3.91.EC.97.AD_.ED.98.95.ED.83.9C"></span>각국의 병역 형태</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 각국의 병역 형태"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311305">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/18px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/27px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/36px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> 이 부분의 본문은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="모병제">모병제</a> 및 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EB%8C%80%EA%B0%80_%EC%97%86%EB%8A%94_%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D" title="군대가 없는 나라 목록">군대가 없는 나라 목록</a>입니다.</div> <p><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EB%8C%80%EA%B0%80_%EC%97%86%EB%8A%94_%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D" title="군대가 없는 나라 목록">군대를 보유하지 않은 나라</a>를 제외하면, <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%8C%EB%B2%95" title="헌법">헌법</a>에 국민개병제도(國民皆兵制度)가 없는 나라, 즉 전시에도 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a>를 시행하지 않는 나라는 전 세계에 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EB%A6%AC%EB%9E%91%EC%B9%B4" title="스리랑카">스리랑카</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EB%8F%84" title="인도">인도</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%BA%90%EB%82%98%EB%8B%A4" title="캐나다">캐나다</a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%ED%82%A4%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84" title="파키스탄">파키스탄</a> 4개국 뿐이다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a>는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="민병제">민병제</a>를 실시하거나 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="모병제">모병제</a>를 병행하는 경우도 있다. <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="민병제">민병제</a>는 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EB%AF%BC" title="국민">국민</a>들에게 (성인 <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%A8%EC%84%B1" title="남성">남성</a> 거의 대부분. 98%이상) 1년 미만의 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%B4%88%EA%B5%B0%EC%82%AC%EA%B5%90%EC%9C%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="기초군사교육">기초군사교육</a> 및 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A1%EA%B5%B0%ED%9B%88%EB%A0%A8%EC%86%8C#후반기교육" title="육군훈련소">후반기교육</a>만을 시키고 <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EB%B9%84%EC%97%AD" title="예비역">예비역</a>의 임무만을 부과하는 제도로, 현재 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a>인 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EA%B0%80" title="국가">국가</a>의 상당 수가 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="민병제">민병제</a>를 시행하고 있으나, 10년 넘게 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="민병제">민병제</a>인 상태를 유지하는 국가는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%9C%84%EC%8A%A4" title="스위스">스위스</a>를 제외하고는 없으며, 완전한 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="모병제">모병제</a>로 전환하는 추세이다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="민병제">민병제</a>를 실시하는 나라는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%9C%84%EC%8A%A4" title="스위스">스위스</a>가 대표적이다. <a href="/wiki/2016%EB%85%84" title="2016년">2016년</a>부터 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a> <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EB%B9%84%EA%B5%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="예비군">예비군</a> 제도를 폐지한다.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>병역대상자 전부를 입대시키지 않고, <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%B2%B4%EB%B3%B5%EB%AC%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="대체복무">대체복무</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C2%EA%B5%AD%EB%AF%BC%EC%97%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="제2국민역">제2국민역</a>(평시 대기)나 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD%EB%A9%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="병역면제">병역면제</a>를 시키는 '선택적 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a>'를 실시하기도 하는데, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8B%88%EB%B9%84%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%B0" title="기니비사우">기니비사우</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%88%EC%A0%9C%EB%A5%B4" title="니제르">니제르</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%95%EC%8B%9C%EC%BD%94" title="멕시코">멕시코</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%9E%A0%EB%B9%84%ED%81%AC" title="모잠비크">모잠비크</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%84%EB%AE%A4%EB%8B%A4" title="버뮤다">버뮤다</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%83%89" title="베냉">베냉</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EB%84%A4%EA%B0%88" title="세네갈">세네갈</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EC%95%99%EC%95%84%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B4%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="중앙아프리카공화국">중앙아프리카공화국</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%A8%EB%93%9C" title="차드">차드</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%B3%B4%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%EB%8D%B0" title="카보베르데">카보베르데</a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EA%B3%A0" title="토고">토고</a> 등이 이에 해당된다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="그리스">그리스</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A8%EB%9D%BC%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" title="벨라루스">벨라루스</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EC%A0%9C%EB%A6%AC" title="알제리">알제리</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%99%EA%B3%A8%EB%9D%BC" title="앙골라">앙골라</a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%82%A4%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4" title="키프로스">키프로스</a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%80%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C" title="핀란드">핀란드</a>에서는 본인 지원에 따른 비전투병, <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%B2%B4%EB%B3%B5%EB%AC%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="대체복무제">대체복무제</a>로서 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91" class="mw-redirect" title="징병">징병</a>한다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%9E%A0%EB%B9%84%ED%81%AC" title="모잠비크">모잠비크</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%BD%EA%B3%A8" title="몽골">몽골</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%83%89" title="베냉">베냉</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%8B%A8" title="수단">수단</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%A6%AC%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84" class="mw-redirect" title="에리트리아">에리트리아</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%EB%9D%BC%EC%97%98" title="이스라엘">이스라엘</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%84%A0%EB%AF%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="조선민주주의인민공화국">조선민주주의인민공화국</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%A8%EB%93%9C" title="차드">차드</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%BD%94%ED%8A%B8%EB%94%94%EB%B6%80%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4" title="코트디부아르">코트디부아르</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%BF%A0%EB%B0%94" title="쿠바">쿠바</a>에서는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AC%EC%84%B1" title="여성">여성</a>에게도 병역을 부과한다. </p><p>자국이 자체적으로 준군사조직을 결성하여 방위하는 경우 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="모병제">모병제</a>로 분류되며, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%ED%98%B8%EB%A0%B9" title="보호령">보호령</a>이나 <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8D%EB%A0%B9" title="속령">속령</a>으로서 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EB%8C%80" title="군대">군대</a>가 없고 타국에 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EB%B0%A9" title="국방">국방</a>을 일부 위임하는 경우도 포함된다. <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%A6%88" title="벨리즈">벨리즈</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%BC%EB%A6%AC%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84" title="볼리비아">볼리비아</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%EB%A3%A8%EA%B3%BC%EC%9D%B4" title="우루과이">우루과이</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%A0%EB%A0%88" title="칠레">칠레</a> 등은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="모병제">모병제</a>를 시행하나 특수 환경에서만 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a>를 실시하고 있다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%9F%BD" title="유럽">유럽</a>의 경우, <a href="/wiki/2000%EB%85%84%EB%8C%80" title="2000년대">2000년대</a> 이후 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EA%B5%AC%EA%B6%8C" title="동구권">동구권</a> 국가들이 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%81%EB%8C%80%EC%84%9C%EC%96%91%EC%A1%B0%EC%95%BD%EA%B8%B0%EA%B5%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="북대서양조약기구">북대서양조약기구</a>(NATO)와 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%9F%BD%EC%97%B0%ED%95%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="유럽연합">유럽연합</a>(EU)가입을 조건으로 <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%8C%EB%B2%95" title="헌법">헌법</a> 상으로는 아직 존재하나, 실제로는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="모병제">모병제</a>로 전환한 경우가 많다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EA%B5%AD" title="영국">영국</a>(<a href="/wiki/1963%EB%85%84" title="1963년">1963년</a>), <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%8A%A4" title="프랑스">프랑스</a>(<a href="/wiki/2001%EB%85%84" title="2001년">2001년</a>), <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%A8%EB%8D%B4" title="스웨덴">스웨덴</a>(<a href="/wiki/2010%EB%85%84" title="2010년">2010년</a> 7월), <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC" title="독일">독일</a>(<a href="/wiki/2011%EB%85%84" title="2011년">2011년</a> 7월 1일),<sup id="cite_ref-news.naver.com_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-news.naver.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-media.daum.net_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-media.daum.net-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EB%A5%B4%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84" title="세르비아">세르비아</a>(<a href="/wiki/2010%EB%85%84" title="2010년">2010년</a> 12월 15일), <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%B0%94%EB%8B%88%EC%95%84" title="알바니아">알바니아</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>는 이미 폐지하였고, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%ED%81%AC%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%98" title="우크라이나">우크라이나</a>(<a href="/wiki/2015%EB%85%84" title="2015년">2015년</a>), <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80%EC%95%84" title="조지아">조지아</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>는 폐지를 계획 중에 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%A5%B4%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%B4" title="노르웨이">노르웨이</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B4%EB%A7%88%ED%81%AC" title="덴마크">덴마크</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84" title="오스트리아">오스트리아</a>는 <a href="/wiki/2015%EB%85%84" title="2015년">2015년</a>부터 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a>를 유예하였다. <a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A0%88%EB%82%98%EB%8B%A4" title="그레나다">그레나다</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%AC%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C" title="아이슬란드">아이슬란드</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EB%AF%B8%EB%8B%88%EC%B9%B4_%EC%97%B0%EB%B0%A9" title="도미니카 연방">도미니카 연방</a> 등 여러 나라들은 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EB%8C%80%EA%B0%80_%EC%97%86%EB%8A%94_%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D" title="군대가 없는 나라 목록">군대를 보유하지 않고</a> 있다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="같이_보기"><span id=".EA.B0.99.EC.9D.B4_.EB.B3.B4.EA.B8.B0"></span>같이 보기</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 같이 보기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="모병제">모병제</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="세병제">세병제</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD_%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%84" title="대한민국의 병역 제도">대한민국의 병역 제도</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%98%84%EC%97%AD" title="현역">현역</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD%EB%A9%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="병역면제">병역면제</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EB%B3%B5%EB%AC%B4%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%84" class="mw-redirect" title="사회복무제도">사회복무제도</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%8B%AC%EC%A0%81_%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD_%EA%B1%B0%EB%B6%80" title="양심적 병역 거부">양심적 병역 거부</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%B2%B4%EB%B3%B5%EB%AC%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="대체복무제">대체복무제</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r35556958">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD" title="대한민국">대한민국</a> 법에 '사병'이나 '병사'라는 말은 없다. 오직 '<b><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%91%EC%82%AC_(%EA%B5%B0%EC%9D%B8_%EA%B3%84%EA%B8%89)" class="mw-redirect" title="병사 (군인 계급)">병</a>'</b>뿐이다. '사병'은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8%EC%8B%9D_%ED%95%9C%EC%9E%90%EC%96%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="일본식 한자어">일본식 한자어</a>로, <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EC%9C%84" title="소위">소위</a> 아래 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%80%EC%9C%84" class="mw-redirect" title="준위">준사관</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%80%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80" title="부사관">부사관</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%91%EC%82%AC_(%EA%B5%B0%EC%9D%B8_%EA%B3%84%EA%B8%89)" class="mw-redirect" title="병사 (군인 계급)">병</a>을 뜻한다. '하사관'이라는 단어와 마찬가지로 구시대의 잔재라는 지적이 있다. 본디 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%91%EC%82%AC_(%EA%B5%B0%EC%9D%B8_%EA%B3%84%EA%B8%89)" class="mw-redirect" title="병사 (군인 계급)">병</a>은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%93%B1%EB%B3%91" title="이등병">이등병</a>부터 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%91%EC%9E%A5" title="병장">병장</a>까지의 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%91%EC%82%AC_(%EA%B5%B0%EC%9D%B8_%EA%B3%84%EA%B8%89)" class="mw-redirect" title="병사 (군인 계급)">징집병</a>들을 뜻한다.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-news.naver.com-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-news.naver.com_2-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-news.naver.com_2-1">나</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LS2D&mid=sec&sid1=104&sid2=233&oid=002&aid=0001967106">https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LS2D&mid=sec&sid1=104&sid2=233&oid=002&aid=0001967106</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-media.daum.net-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-media.daum.net_3-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-media.daum.net_3-1">나</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://media.daum.net/foreign/view.html?cateid=1046&newsid=20101106124012108&p=sisain">http://media.daum.net/foreign/view.html?cateid=1046&newsid=20101106124012108&p=sisain</a> 서독 학생들이 동독 대학을 선호하는 까닭. 시사INLive. 뮌헨·남정호 편집위원</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://news.v.daum.net/v/20150616140220901">https://news.v.daum.net/v/20150616140220901</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=104&oid=001&aid=0003327933">독일 징병제 폐지되나 :: 네이버 뉴스</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.google.com/hostednews/canadianpress/article/ALeqM5hRPWb63NpE_I1U7WvCVWrsp0Rovg">[1]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36482206">.mw-parser-output .fix{background-color:#fff9f9;color:DarkSlateGray;border:1px solid #ffdcdc}</style><sup class="정리_필요 noprint">[<a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EA%B9%A8%EC%A7%84_%EB%A7%81%ED%81%AC" title="위키백과:깨진 링크">깨진 링크</a>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117222552/http://glassrbije.org/E/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=13126&Itemid=26">“보관된 사본”</a>. 2012년 1월 17일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glassrbije.org/E/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=13126&Itemid=26">원본 문서</a>에서 보존된 문서<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2010년 12월 25일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EB%B3%B4%EA%B4%80%EB%90%9C+%EC%82%AC%EB%B3%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fglassrbije.org%2FE%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D13126%26Itemid%3D26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.kukinews.com/article/view.asp?page=1&gCode=kmi&arcid=0921218574&cp=nv">[https://web.archive.org/web/20111104123835/http://news.kukinews.com/article/view.asp?page=1&gCode=kmi&arcid=0921218574&cp=nv Archived</a> 2011년 11월 4일 - <a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%B1_%EB%A8%B8%EC%8B%A0" title="웨이백 머신">웨이백 머신</a> [쿠키뉴스] 갓 구워낸 바삭바삭한 뉴스]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bemil.chosun.com/nbrd/gallery/view.html?b_bbs_id=10044&pn=1&num=138223">유용원의 군사세계</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/international/europe/428696.html">스웨덴 '군 징병제' 109년만에 역사속으로</a>, 《한겨레》, 2010.7.2</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480591">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="병역" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311309">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD" title="틀:병역"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="틀토론:병역 (없는 문서)"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD" title="특수:문서편집/틀:병역"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="병역" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">병역</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">징병 제도</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="징병제">징병제</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%80%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="부병제">부병제</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="세병제">세병제</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%9C" title="모병제">모병제</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">복무 제도</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%B2%B4%EB%B3%B5%EB%AC%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="대체복무제">대체복무제</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%84%EA%B8%B0%EC%A0%9C%EB%B6%80%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80" title="임기제부사관">임기제부사관</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">참고</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD%EB%B2%95" title="병역법">병역법</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD%EB%A9%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="병역면제">병역면제</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="대한민국_국군의_장교_양성" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311309"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EC%9E%A5%EA%B5%90%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="틀:대한민국의 장교과정"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EC%9E%A5%EA%B5%90%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="틀토론:대한민국의 장교과정"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EC%9E%A5%EA%B5%90%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="특수:문서편집/틀:대한민국의 장교과정"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="대한민국_국군의_장교_양성" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EA%B5%AD%EA%B5%B0" title="대한민국 국군">대한민국 국군</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%A5%EA%B5%90" title="장교">장교</a> 양성</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">사관생도 과정</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:60px">4년</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A1%EA%B5%B0%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90_(%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD)" title="육군사관학교 (대한민국)">육군사관학교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EA%B5%B0%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90_(%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD)" title="해군사관학교 (대한민국)">해군사관학교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EA%B5%B0%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90_(%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD)" title="공군사관학교 (대한민국)">공군사관학교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EA%B5%B0%EA%B0%84%ED%98%B8%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="국군간호사관학교">국군간호사관학교</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:60px">2년</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A1%EA%B5%B03%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="육군3사관학교">육군3사관학교</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">사관후보생 과정</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:60px">일반과정</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%99%EC%82%AC%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80" class="mw-redirect" title="학사사관">학사사관</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A1%EA%B5%B0_%ED%95%99%EC%82%AC%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80" title="육군 학사사관">육군</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EA%B5%B0_%ED%95%99%EC%82%AC%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80" title="해군 학사사관">해군</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EA%B5%B0_%ED%95%99%EC%82%AC%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80" title="공군 학사사관">공군</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%99%EA%B5%B0%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80" title="학군사관">학군사관</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%84%EB%B6%80%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80" title="간부사관">간부사관</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:60px"><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EB%AC%B8%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80" title="전문사관">전문사관</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%90%EC%88%98%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80" title="교수사관">교수사관</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EB%B0%A9%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99%EC%97%B0%EA%B5%AC%EC%86%8C" title="국방과학연구소">ADD박사</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%98%EB%AC%B4%EB%B3%91" title="의무병">간호사관</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EC%95%85%EB%8C%80" title="군악대">군악사관</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EC%9D%98%EA%B4%80" title="군의관">군의사관</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EC%A2%85%EC%9E%A5%EA%B5%90" title="군종장교">군종장교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%B5%EC%97%AD%EC%9E%A5%EA%B5%90" title="통역장교">통역사관</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EB%B2%95%EB%AC%B4%EA%B4%80" title="군법무관">법무사관</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EC%88%98%EC%9D%98%EA%B4%80" title="군수의관">수의사관</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%98%EC%A0%95%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80" title="의정사관">의정사관</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%AC%EC%A0%95%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="재정사관 (없는 문서)">재정사관</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%84%EC%82%B0%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="전산사관 (없는 문서)">전산사관</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">보수교육</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A1%EA%B5%B0%ED%95%99%EC%83%9D%EA%B5%B0%EC%82%AC%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="육군학생군사학교">육군학생군사학교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%A9%EB%8F%99%EA%B5%B0%EC%82%AC%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="합동군사대학교">합동군사대학교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EB%B0%A9%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="국방대학교">국방대학교</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="대한민국의_전환복무·대체복무_제도" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311309"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EB%8C%80%EC%B2%B4%EB%B3%B5%EB%AC%B4%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%84" title="틀:대한민국의 대체복무제도"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EB%8C%80%EC%B2%B4%EB%B3%B5%EB%AC%B4%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%84" title="틀토론:대한민국의 대체복무제도"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EB%8C%80%EC%B2%B4%EB%B3%B5%EB%AC%B4%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%84" title="특수:문서편집/틀:대한민국의 대체복무제도"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="대한민국의_전환복무·대체복무_제도" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD" title="대한민국">대한민국</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EB%B3%91%EC%97%AD_%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%84" title="대한민국의 병역 제도">전환복무·대체복무 제도</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%ED%98%84%EC%97%AD" title="현역">현역</a> <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EC%9C%A1%EA%B5%B0" title="대한민국 육군">육군</a> <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EC%9D%B8" title="군인">군인</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%ED%88%AC%EC%82%AC" title="카투사">카투사</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EB%B9%84%EC%97%AD" title="예비역">예비역</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%83%81%EA%B7%BC%EC%98%88%EB%B9%84%EC%97%AD" title="상근예비역">상근예비역</a>(<a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EC%9C%A1%EA%B5%B0" title="대한민국 육군">육</a>/<a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%ED%95%B4%EA%B5%B0" title="대한민국 해군">해</a>/<a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%ED%95%B4%EB%B3%91%EB%8C%80" title="대한민국 해병대">해병</a> <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EC%9D%B8" title="군인">군인</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%B9%EC%84%A0%EA%B7%BC%EB%AC%B4%EC%98%88%EB%B9%84%EC%97%AD" title="승선근무예비역">승선근무예비역</a>(<a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EA%B0%84%EC%9D%B8" title="민간인">민간인</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%ED%95%B4%EA%B5%B0" title="대한민국 해군">해군</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EB%B3%B4%EC%B6%A9%EC%97%AD" title="대한민국의 보충역">보충역</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EB%B3%B5%EB%AC%B4%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%84" class="mw-redirect" title="사회복무제도">대체복무</a>(<a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EA%B0%84%EC%9D%B8" title="민간인">민간인</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EC%9C%A1%EA%B5%B0" title="대한민국 육군">육군</a> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B3%91" class="mw-disambig" title="이병">이병</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EB%B3%B5%EB%AC%B4%EC%9A%94%EC%9B%90" title="사회복무요원">사회복무요원</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%88%A0%EC%B2%B4%EC%9C%A1%EC%9A%94%EC%9B%90" title="예술체육요원">예술체육요원</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:5em;"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%A4%91%EB%B3%B4%EA%B1%B4%EC%9D%98%EC%82%AC_%EB%93%B1" title="공중보건의사 등">공중보건의사 등</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%A4%91%EB%B3%B4%EA%B1%B4%EC%9D%98%EC%82%AC" title="공중보건의사">공중보건의사</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%95%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%84%EB%8B%B4%EC%9D%98%EC%82%AC" title="징병전담의사">징병전담의사</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%A4%91%EB%B0%A9%EC%97%AD%EC%88%98%EC%9D%98%EC%82%AC" title="공중방역수의사">공중방역수의사</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%9D%B5%EB%B2%95%EB%AC%B4%EA%B4%80" title="공익법무관">공익법무관</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:5em;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%B0%EC%97%85%EA%B8%B0%EB%8A%A5%EC%9A%94%EC%9B%90" title="산업기능요원">산업기능요원</a> 등</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%B0%EC%97%85%EA%B8%B0%EB%8A%A5%EC%9A%94%EC%9B%90" title="산업기능요원">산업기능요원</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EB%AC%B8%EC%97%B0%EA%B5%AC%EC%9A%94%EC%9B%90" title="전문연구요원">전문연구요원</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="전거_통제_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=위키데이터에서_편집하기&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209572#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;위키데이터에서_편집하기" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="전거_통제_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=위키데이터에서_편집하기&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209572#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;위키데이터에서_편집하기" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A0%84%EA%B1%B0_%ED%86%B5%EC%A0%9C" title="위키백과:전거 통제">전거 통제</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209572#identifiers" title="위키데이터에서 편집하기"><img alt="위키데이터에서 편집하기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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