Editorial policies - Sex and Gender in Research (SAGER Guidelines) | Springer

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Authors should use the terms sex (biological attribute) and gender (shaped by social and cultural circumstances) carefully in order to avoid confusing both terms. Article titles and/or abstracts should indicate clearly what sex(es) the study applies to. Authors should also describe in the background, whether sex and/or gender differences may be expected; report how sex and/or gender were accounted for in the design of the study; provide disaggregated data by sex and/or gender, where appropriate; and discuss respective results. If a sex and/or gender analysis was not conducted, the rationale should be given in the Discussion. We suggest that our authors consult the full <a href="https://researchintegrityjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41073-016-0007-6" class="is-external">guidelines </a>before submission.</p> <p><strong>Definition of Sex and Gender</strong> (taken from <a href="https://orwh.od.nih.gov/sex-gender" class="is-external">Office of Research in Women’s Health, NIH</a>).</p> <p><strong>Sex</strong> - refers to biological differences between females and males, including chromosomes, sex organs, and endogenous hormonal profiles.</p> <p><strong>Gender</strong>-  refers to socially constructed and enacted roles and behaviors which occur in a historical and cultural context and vary across societies and over time.</p> <p><strong>Applications of the guidelines</strong></p> <p>These guidelines apply to<strong> </strong>studies involving humans,  vertebrate animal and cell lines.</p></div> </article> </div> </div> <aside class="sidebar l-with-sidebar__sidebar" style="--with-sidebar--basis: 454px"> <div data-title="Untitled" class="block" id="id-49261" data-type="local/menuBox" lang="en"> <nav class="c-box" aria-labelledby="title-49261"> <h2 id="title-49261" class="c-box__heading" aria-level="2"> <a href="/gp/editorial-policies" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - 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