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mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundst%C3%BCcksteilung" title="Grundstücksteilung – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Grundstücksteilung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotissement" title="Lotissement – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lotissement" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%9C%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%94" title="פרצלציה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרצלציה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verkaveling" title="Verkaveling – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Verkaveling" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delingsforretning" title="Delingsforretning – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Delingsforretning" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parcelacja" title="Parcelacja – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Parcelacja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru 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searchaux" style="display:none">Divided piece of land</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Housing subdivision" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Housing_development" class="mw-redirect" title="Housing development">Housing development</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Subdivision_1.webp" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Subdivision_1.webp/220px-Subdivision_1.webp.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Subdivision_1.webp/330px-Subdivision_1.webp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Subdivision_1.webp/440px-Subdivision_1.webp.png 2x" data-file-width="3978" data-file-height="2962" /></a><figcaption>New subdivision in <a href="/wiki/Holmen,_Wisconsin" title="Holmen, Wisconsin">Holmen, Wisconsin</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Markham-suburbs_aerial-edit2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Markham-suburbs_aerial-edit2.jpg/220px-Markham-suburbs_aerial-edit2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Markham-suburbs_aerial-edit2.jpg/330px-Markham-suburbs_aerial-edit2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Markham-suburbs_aerial-edit2.jpg/440px-Markham-suburbs_aerial-edit2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1490" /></a><figcaption>A subdivision in <a href="/wiki/Markham,_Ontario" title="Markham, Ontario">Markham, Ontario</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Subdivisions</b> are land that is divided into pieces that are easier to sell or otherwise <a href="/wiki/Real_estate_development" title="Real estate development">develop</a>, usually via a <a href="/wiki/Plat" title="Plat">plat</a>. The former single piece as a whole is then known as a subdivision. Subdivisions may be simple, involving only a single seller and buyer, or complex, involving large tracts of land divided into many smaller parcels.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If it is used for <a href="/wiki/House" title="House">housing</a> it is typically known as a <i>housing subdivision</i> or <i>housing development,</i> although some developers tend to call these areas <a href="/wiki/Community" title="Community">communities</a>. </p><p>Subdivisions may also be for the purpose of commercial or industrial development, and the results vary from retail <a href="/wiki/Shopping_mall" title="Shopping mall">shopping malls</a> with independently owned <i>out parcels</i> to <a href="/wiki/Industrial_park" title="Industrial park">industrial parks</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_States">United States</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subdivision_(land)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crestwoodflag.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Crestwoodflag.JPG/220px-Crestwoodflag.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Crestwoodflag.JPG/330px-Crestwoodflag.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Crestwoodflag.JPG/440px-Crestwoodflag.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The entrance to a subdivision in <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Land,_Texas" title="Sugar Land, Texas">Sugar Land, Texas</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subdivision_(land)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the United States, the creation of a subdivision was often the first step toward the creation of a new incorporated <a href="/wiki/Township_(United_States)" title="Township (United States)">township</a> or <a href="/wiki/City" title="City">city</a>. Contemporary notions of subdivisions rely on the <a href="/wiki/Lot_and_Block_survey_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Lot and Block survey system">Lot and Block survey system</a>, which became widely used in the 19th century as a means of addressing the expansion of cities into surrounding farmland. While this method of property identification was useful for purposes of <a href="/wiki/Conveyancing" title="Conveyancing">conveyancing</a>, it did not address the overall impacts of expansion and the need for a comprehensive approach to planning communities. </p><p>In the 1920s, the <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a> administration formed the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Advisory_Committee_on_City_Planning_and_Zoning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Advisory Committee on City Planning and Zoning (page does not exist)">Advisory Committee on City Planning and Zoning</a>, which undertook as its first task the publication of <a href="/wiki/The_Standard_State_Zoning_Enabling_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="The Standard State Zoning Enabling Act">The Standard State Zoning Enabling Act</a> in 1926, model <a href="/wiki/Enabling_act" title="Enabling act">enabling legislation</a> for use by <a href="/wiki/State_legislature_(United_States)" title="State legislature (United States)">state legislatures</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SSZEA_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SSZEA-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was followed by publication of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Standard_City_Planning_Enabling_Act&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Standard City Planning Enabling Act (page does not exist)">Standard City Planning Enabling Act</a> (SCPEA) in 1928.<sup id="cite_ref-SCPEA_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCPEA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The SCPEA covered six subjects: (1) the organization and power of planning commissions, which was directed to prepare and adopt a master plan; (2) the content of the master plan; (3) provisions for a master street plan; (4) provisions for approval of all public improvements by the planning commission; (5) control of private subdivision of land; and (6) provisions for the creation of regional planning commissions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Definition">Definition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subdivision_(land)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Definition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The SCPEA included the following definition: </p> <blockquote><p>"Subdivision" means the division of a lot, tract, or parcel of land into two or more lots, plats, sites, or other divisions of land for the purpose, whether immediate or future, of sale or of building development. It includes resubdivision and, when appropriate to the context, relates to the process of subdividing or to the land or territory subdivided.<sup id="cite_ref-SCPEA_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCPEA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 6">: 6 </span></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Attached to this definition was the following footnote: </p> <blockquote><p><i>for the purpose of sale or of building development</i>: Every division of a piece of land into two or more lots, parcels or parts is, of course, a subdivision. The intention is to cover all subdivision of land where the immediate or ultimate purpose is that of selling the lots or building on them. The object of inserting a definition in the text of the act is to avoid the inclusion, within the planning commission's control, of such cases as a <a href="/wiki/Testator" title="Testator">testator</a>'s dividing his property amongst his children, partners' dividing firm property amongst themselves on dissolution, or cases of that nature.</p></blockquote> <p>A subdivision does not need to be sold, in whole or in part, for its resulting pieces to be considered separate parcels of land. A subdivision <a href="/wiki/Plat" title="Plat">plat</a> approved by a local planning commission, once recorded in a registry of deeds, is generally deemed to have created the parcels of land identified on the plat itself. </p><p>The problem of testamentary division of property was identified by the SCPEA in the footnote to the definition of subdivision, but not fully clarified by it. In some jurisdictions, a testamentary division of property does not constitute a legal subdivision for purposes of separate conveyancing of the "subdivided" parcels.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Furthermore, the SCPEA's definition leaves ambiguous the notion of 'building development' and whether the identification of multiple construction sites on a single parcel of land constitutes a subdivision subject to the review and approval authority of the planning commission. Interpretations of this vary among American jurisdictions. Subdivision developers may use an architect's services only once, with the rest of the <a href="/wiki/Tract_housing" title="Tract housing">tract houses</a> using the same master template: the resulting houses all look similar as in the above photograph of Markham, Ontario. </p><p>The overall purpose of a subdivision is to create an environment conducive to overall development and sustained growth, with development defined as:<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>… the design work of lot layout, the construction of drainage structures, the construction of buildings or public use areas, the planning and construction of public streets and public roads, and the placement of public utilities.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_Kingdom_and_Ireland">United Kingdom and Ireland</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subdivision_(land)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: United Kingdom and Ireland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Highfields2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Highfields2.jpg/220px-Highfields2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Highfields2.jpg/330px-Highfields2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Highfields2.jpg/440px-Highfields2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1959" data-file-height="935" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Upper_middle_class" title="Upper middle class">upper middle class</a> housing estate on the southern side of <a href="/wiki/Swords,_Dublin" title="Swords, Dublin">Swords</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a>, Ireland. High-end tract developments tend to be smaller in size and more varied in <a href="/wiki/Typology_(urban_planning_and_architecture)" title="Typology (urban planning and architecture)">typology</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the United Kingdom and Ireland, subdivisions are usually areas of land that have been zoned for a particular type of residential development, often called <a href="/wiki/Housing_estate" title="Housing estate">a housing estate</a>. They can vary enormously in character, density, and socioeconomic value. They have existed for well over a century, but became prevalent after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, as a more affluent population demanded larger and more widely spaced houses coupled with the increase of car usage for which <a href="/wiki/Terraced_house" title="Terraced house">terraced</a> streets were unsuitable. </p><p>Subdivisions were often produced by either <a href="/wiki/Local_authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Local authority">local authorities</a> (more recently, <a href="/wiki/Housing_association" title="Housing association">housing associations</a>) or by private developers. The former tended to be a means of producing <a href="/wiki/Public_housing" title="Public housing">public housing</a> leading to <a href="/wiki/Monotenure" title="Monotenure">monotenure</a> estates full of <a href="/wiki/Council_house" title="Council house">council houses</a> often known as "council estates". The latter can refer to higher end <a href="/wiki/Tract_housing" title="Tract housing">tract housing</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Middle_class" title="Middle class">middle class</a> and even <a href="/wiki/Upper_middle_class" title="Upper middle class">upper middle class</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philippines">Philippines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subdivision_(land)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Philippines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:08895jfSanto_Ni%C3%B1o_Villa_Katrina_Tangos_Baliuag_Bulacan_Roadsfvf_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/08895jfSanto_Ni%C3%B1o_Villa_Katrina_Tangos_Baliuag_Bulacan_Roadsfvf_02.JPG/220px-08895jfSanto_Ni%C3%B1o_Villa_Katrina_Tangos_Baliuag_Bulacan_Roadsfvf_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/08895jfSanto_Ni%C3%B1o_Villa_Katrina_Tangos_Baliuag_Bulacan_Roadsfvf_02.JPG/330px-08895jfSanto_Ni%C3%B1o_Villa_Katrina_Tangos_Baliuag_Bulacan_Roadsfvf_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/08895jfSanto_Ni%C3%B1o_Villa_Katrina_Tangos_Baliuag_Bulacan_Roadsfvf_02.JPG/440px-08895jfSanto_Ni%C3%B1o_Villa_Katrina_Tangos_Baliuag_Bulacan_Roadsfvf_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Entrance to a subdivision in <a href="/wiki/Baliwag" title="Baliwag">Baliwag</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulacan" title="Bulacan">Bulacan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, subdivisions are areas of land that have been subdivided into individual residential plots. Whereas some subdivisions comprise exclusive <a href="/wiki/Gated_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Gated communities">gated communities</a>, others are merely demarcations denoting a specific <a href="/wiki/Neighborhood" class="mw-redirect" title="Neighborhood">neighborhood</a>. Some subdivisions may conduct autonomous security, or provide basic services such as <a href="/wiki/Water_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Water service">water</a> and <a href="/wiki/Refuse_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Refuse management">refuse management</a>. Most subdivisions are governed by associations made up of members who are residents of the subdivision. </p><p>In the Philippines, subdivisions are also known as <b>villages</b> or <b>barangays</b>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Canada">Canada</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subdivision_(land)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a>, subdivision is the dividing of a single parcel of land into two or more parcels, each to be given a separate title. Subdivision is also used for existing lot line adjustments. Notwithstanding a few exceptional circumstances, subdivision approval and endorsement by the local municipality must always be received before the subdivision can be registered at the Land Titles Office and titles issued (including bare land condominiums). Exceptions may occur with parcels of land that contain more than one quarter section, a river lot, a lake lot, or some settlement lots created prior to July 1, 1950. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subdivision_(land)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Condominium_conversion" title="Condominium conversion">Condominium conversion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gated_community" title="Gated community">Gated community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levittown,_New_York" title="Levittown, New York">Levittown, New York</a> (US archetype of a planned community)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeowners%27_association" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeowners' association">Homeowners' association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_estate" title="Housing estate">Housing estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severance_(land)" title="Severance (land)">Severance (land)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terraced_house" title="Terraced house">Terraced house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tract_housing" title="Tract housing">Tract housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_planning" title="Urban planning">Urban planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_sprawl" title="Urban sprawl">Urban sprawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbanization" title="Urbanization">Urbanization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoning" title="Zoning">Zoning</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subdivision_(land)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCaves2004" class="citation book cs1">Caves, R. W. (2004). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediacity00cave"><i>Encyclopedia of the City</i></a></span>. Routledge. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediacity00cave/page/n678">638</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415252256" title="Special:BookSources/9780415252256"><bdi>9780415252256</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+City&rft.pages=638&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780415252256&rft.aulast=Caves&rft.aufirst=R.+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediacity00cave&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASubdivision+%28land%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SSZEA-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SSZEA_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), Washington, D.C.(1926). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://myapa.planning.org/growingsmart/pdf/SZEnablingAct1926.pdf">"A Standard State Zoning Enabling Act."</a> Document no. BH5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SCPEA-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SCPEA_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SCPEA_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">DOC (1928). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://myapa.planning.org/growingsmart/pdf/CPEnablingAct1928.pdf">"A Standard City Planning Enabling Act."</a> Document no. BH11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>See,</i> e.g., <i>In re Estate of Sophia Sayewich,</i> 120 N.H. 237 (1980)).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDerossi" class="citation web cs1">Derossi, Dean. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.landcentury.com/articles-news/definition-of-subdivisions-and-how-to-change-land-classification/">"Definition of Subdivisions and How to Change Land Classification"</a>. Land Century<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Definition+of+Subdivisions+and+How+to+Change+Land+Classification&rft.pub=Land+Century&rft.aulast=Derossi&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.landcentury.com%2Farticles-news%2Fdefinition-of-subdivisions-and-how-to-change-land-classification%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASubdivision+%28land%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKone2006" class="citation book cs1">Kone, D. Linda (2006). <i>Land Development</i> (10th ed.). BuilderBooks.com. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780867186093" title="Special:BookSources/9780867186093"><bdi>9780867186093</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Land+Development&rft.edition=10th&rft.pub=BuilderBooks.com&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780867186093&rft.aulast=Kone&rft.aufirst=D.+Linda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASubdivision+%28land%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subdivision_(land)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.planning.org/growingsmart/enablingacts.htm">Standard State Zoning Enabling Act and Standard City Planning Enabling Act</a> - American Planning Assoc.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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title="Port">Port</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inland_port" title="Inland port">inland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_center_(retail)" title="Power center (retail)">Power center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retail_park" title="Retail park">Retail park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverfront" title="Riverfront">Riverfront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopping_center" title="Shopping center">Shopping center</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shopping_mall" title="Shopping mall">Shopping mall</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_shopping_streets_and_districts_by_city" title="List of shopping streets and districts by city">Shopping streets and districts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Planned_industrial_developments" title="Category:Planned industrial developments">Industrial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Business_cluster" title="Business cluster">Business cluster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_district" title="Industrial district">Industrial district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_park" title="Industrial park">Industrial park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_technology_centers" title="List of technology centers">Technology centers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Planned_residential_developments" title="Category:Planned residential developments">Residential</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrihood" title="Agrihood">Agrihood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boarding_house" title="Boarding house">Boarding house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bungalow_court" title="Bungalow court">Bungalow court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_block" title="City block">City block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_community" title="Closed community">Closed community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_town" title="Company town">Company town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_community" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation community">Conservation community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_home" title="Executive home">Executive home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_course_community" title="Golf course community">Golf course community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gated_community" title="Gated community">Gated community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_estate" title="Housing estate">Housing estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_community" title="Intentional community">Intentional community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxury_apartment" title="Luxury apartment">Luxury apartment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McMansion" title="McMansion">McMansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed-use_development" title="Mixed-use development">Mixed-use development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_dwellings_company" title="Model dwellings company">Model dwellings for the poor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multifamily_residential" title="Multifamily residential">Multifamily residential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penthouse_apartment" title="Penthouse apartment">Penthouse apartment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_community" title="Private community">Private community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_housing" title="Public housing">Public housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airpark" title="Airpark">Residential airpark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residential_area" title="Residential area">Residential area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retirement_community" title="Retirement community">Retirement community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revenue_house" title="Revenue house">Revenue house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rooming_house" title="Rooming house">Rooming house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-room_occupancy" title="Single-room occupancy">Single-room occupancy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Subdivision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tract_housing" title="Tract housing">Tract housing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Science/education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Campus" title="Campus">Campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_research_parks" title="List of research parks">Research park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_campus" title="Satellite campus">Satellite campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_park" title="Science park">Science park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Planned_municipal_developments" title="Category:Planned municipal developments">Municipal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcology" title="Arcology">Arcology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_center" title="Civic center">Civic center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_city_movement" title="Garden city movement">Garden city movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_village" title="Model village">Model village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_planned_cities" title="List of planned cities">Planned cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planned_community" title="Planned community">Planned community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_green_space" title="Urban green space">Urban green space</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urban_park" title="Urban park">parks</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Building" title="Building">Buildings</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_building_types" title="List of building types">types</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apartment" title="Apartment">Apartment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House" title="House">House</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_house_types" title="List of house types">types</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyscraper" title="Skyscraper">Skyscraper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_block" title="Tower block">Tower block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa" title="Villa">Villa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brownfield_land" title="Brownfield land">Brownfield land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cemetery" title="Cemetery">Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residential_cluster_development" title="Residential cluster development">Residential cluster development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Construction" title="Construction">Construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Context_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Context theory">Context theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eminent_domain" title="Eminent domain">Eminent domain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenfield_land" title="Greenfield land">Greenfield land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greyfield_land" title="Greyfield land">Greyfield land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groundscraper" title="Groundscraper">Groundscraper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land-use_planning" title="Land-use planning">Land-use planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_non-building_structure_types" title="List of non-building structure types">Nonbuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NIMBY" title="NIMBY">NIMBY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park" title="Park">Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parking" title="Parking">Parking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planning_permission" title="Planning permission">Planning permission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playground" title="Playground">Playground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redevelopment" title="Redevelopment">Redevelopment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_planning" title="Regional planning">Regional planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_design" title="Urban design">Urban design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_planning" title="Urban planning">Urban planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YIMBY" title="YIMBY">YIMBY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoning" title="Zoning">Zoning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Big_single-family_home_2.jpg/16px-Big_single-family_home_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Big_single-family_home_2.jpg/24px-Big_single-family_home_2.jpg 1.5x, 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Land_use" title="Template:Land use"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Land_use&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Land use (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Land_use" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Land use"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Land_use" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Land_use" title="Land use">Land use</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Land_degradation" title="Land degradation">Degradation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_development" title="Land development">Development/Conversion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land-use_planning" title="Land-use planning">Planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land-use_conflict" title="Land-use conflict">Conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_management" title="Land management">Land management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landscaping" title="Landscaping">Landscaping</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_landscape_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated landscape management">Integrated landscape management</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_grabbing" title="Land grabbing">Land grabbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_consumption" title="Land consumption">Land consumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_loss" title="Land loss">Land loss</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Habitat_destruction" title="Habitat destruction">Habitat destruction</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_construction" title="Illegal construction">Illegal construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_reclamation" title="Land reclamation">Land reclamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_rehabilitation" title="Land rehabilitation">Land rehabilitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landscape_ecology" title="Landscape ecology">Landscape ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangeland_management" title="Rangeland management">Rangeland management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_planning" title="Environmental planning">Environmental planning</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_matrix" title="Leopold matrix">Leopold matrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watertable_control" title="Watertable control">Watertable control</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Developed_environments" class="mw-redirect" title="Developed environments">Developed environments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Built-up_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Built-up area">Built-up area</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locally_unwanted_land_use" title="Locally unwanted land use">Locally unwanted land use</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Property</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Property" title="Property">Property</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Subdivision (land)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_development" title="Real estate development">Real estate development</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_development_bank" title="Land development bank">Land development bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_(economics)" title="Land (economics)">Land (economics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Customary_land" title="Customary land">Customary land</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soil" title="Soil">Soil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soil_science" title="Soil science">Soil science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soil_compaction" title="Soil compaction">Soil compaction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soil_contamination" title="Soil contamination">Soil contamination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alkali_soil" title="Alkali soil">Alkali soil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollution" title="Pollution">Pollution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deforestation" title="Deforestation">Deforestation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_planning" title="Urban planning">Urban planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">Agriculture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drainage_system_(agriculture)" title="Drainage system (agriculture)">Drainage system (agriculture)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_change_modeling" title="Land change modeling">Land change modeling</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span 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