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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Later life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acting_philosophy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acting_philosophy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Acting philosophy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acting_philosophy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recognition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recognition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Recognition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recognition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet 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Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="إليونورا ديس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إليونورا ديس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Елеонора Дузе – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Елеонора Дузе" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Элеонора Дузе – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Элеонора Дузе" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duseov%C3%A1" title="Eleonora Duseová – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Eleonora Duseová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%87" title="الئونورا دوزه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الئونورا دوزه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1_%D4%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A6%D5%A5" title="Էլեոնորա Դուզե – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էլեոնորա Դուզե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%96%D7%94" title="אליאונורה דוזה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אליאונורה דוזה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Элеонора Дузе – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Элеонора Дузе" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alienora_Duse" title="Alienora Duse – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Alienora Duse" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1_%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%87" title="എലിനോറ ഡൂസേ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="എലിനോറ ഡൂസേ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="اليونورا ديس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اليونورا ديس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AC%E3%82%AA%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%89%E3%82%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BC" title="エレオノーラ・ドゥーゼ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エレオノーラ・ドゥーゼ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5,_%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Дузе, Элеонора – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дузе, Элеонора" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Елеонора Дузе – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Елеонора Дузе" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Eleonora Duse" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5" 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<abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1885)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Partner(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_D%27Annunzio" title="Gabriele D'Annunzio">Gabriele D'Annunzio</a> (1898–1901)<br /><a href="/wiki/Lina_Poletti" title="Lina Poletti">Lina Poletti</a> (1910s)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">1</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Eleonora Giulia Amalia Duse</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/dj/: 'd' in 'dew'">dj</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">DEW</span>-zay</i></a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Italian:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[eleoˈnɔːra<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈduːze]</a></span>; 3 October 1858 – 21 April 1924), often known simply as <b>Duse</b>, was an Italian actress, rated by many as the greatest of her time. She performed in many countries, notably in the plays of <a href="/wiki/Gabriele_D%27Annunzio" title="Gabriele D'Annunzio">Gabriele D'Annunzio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Ibsen" title="Henrik Ibsen">Henrik Ibsen</a>. Duse achieved a unique power of conviction and verity on the stage through intense absorption in the character, "eliminating the self" as she put it, and letting the qualities emerge from within, not imposed through artifice. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_career">Life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleonora_Duse&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life">Early life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleonora_Duse&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Duse was born in <a href="/wiki/Vigevano" title="Vigevano">Vigevano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a>, Austrian Empire, in 1858 to Alessandro Vincenzo Duse (1820–1892) and Angelica Cappelletto (1833–1906).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lombardy would be taken from Austrian control the year after her birth by forces under the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia" title="Kingdom of Sardinia">Kingdom of Sardinia</a>, and would form part of the new <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a> when she was about 3. Venice and some surrounding areas would remain part of the Austrian Empire until she was about 8. </p><p>Both her father and her grandfather, Luigi, were actors from <a href="/wiki/Chioggia" title="Chioggia">Chioggia</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>, and she joined the troupe at age four.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to poverty, she initially worked continually, traveling from city to city with whichever troupe her family was currently engaged. She came to fame in Italian versions of roles made famous by <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Bernhardt" title="Sarah Bernhardt">Sarah Bernhardt</a>, such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lady_of_the_Camellias" title="The Lady of the Camellias">La Dame aux camélias</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Career">Career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleonora_Duse&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>She gained her first major success in Europe, then toured South America, Russia and the United States in 1893; beginning the tours as a virtual unknown but leaving in her wake a general recognition of her genius. While she made her career and fame performing in the theatrical "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/warhorse" class="extiw" title="wikt:warhorse">warhorses</a>" of her day, she is remembered for her association with the plays of <a href="/wiki/Gabriele_D%27Annunzio" title="Gabriele D'Annunzio">Gabriele D'Annunzio</a><sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Ibsen" title="Henrik Ibsen">Henrik Ibsen</a>. </p><p>In 1879, while in <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, she met journalist Martino Cafiero, and became involved in a love affair with him. However, less than a year later, while she was in mid-pregnancy, he left her. The baby did not survive birth, and shortly thereafter Cafiero died as well. Duse then joined Cesare Rossi's theater company, and met actor Tebaldo Checchi (pseudonym of Tebaldo Marchetti). The two married in 1881. By 1882, the couple had one daughter, Enrichetta Angelica, but separated after Duse became involved with another actor, Flavio Andò. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eleonora_Duse_von_Lenbach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Eleonora_Duse_von_Lenbach.jpg/220px-Eleonora_Duse_von_Lenbach.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Eleonora_Duse_von_Lenbach.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="376" /></a><figcaption>Eleonora Duse portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Franz_von_Lenbach" title="Franz von Lenbach">Franz von Lenbach</a></figcaption></figure> <p>By this time, her career was in full swing and her popularity was high in 1885.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She travelled on tour to South America, and upon her return a year later she formed her own company, meaning that she would assume the additional responsibilities of both manager and director. </p><p>Between 1887 and 1894, she had an affair with the Italian poet <a href="/wiki/Arrigo_Boito" title="Arrigo Boito">Arrigo Boito</a>, perhaps best remembered as <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Verdi</a>'s librettist. Their relationship was carried out in a highly clandestine manner, presumably because of Boito's many aristocratic friends and acquaintances. (Despite this, their voluminous correspondence over the years survives.) In later years the two remained on good terms until his death in 1918. </p><p>In 1895 she met Gabriele D'Annunzio (1863–1938), who was five years her junior, and the two became involved romantically as well as collaborating professionally. Gabriele d'Annunzio wrote four plays for her. In contrast to her relations with Boito, her association with d'Annunzio was widely recognized. When d'Annunzio gave the lead for the premiere of the play <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_citt%C3%A0_morta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La città morta (page does not exist)">La città morta</a> </i><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_citt%C3%A0_morta" class="extiw" title="it:La città morta">it</a>]</span> to Sarah Bernhardt instead of Duse, there was a furious fight, and Duse ended her affair with him. </p><p>In contrast to Bernhardt's outgoing personality, which thrived on publicity, Duse was introverted and private, rarely giving interviews. She found public appearances to be a distraction, and once remarked to a journalist that away from the stage, "I do not exist". Bernhardt and Duse were unspoken rivals for many years. Comparisons of Duse to Bernhardt with regard to their acting talent were common, with warring factions arguing over their relative merits. Those who thought Duse the greater artist included <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a>, who saw both actresses in London within the span of a few days, in the same play. Shaw gave his nod to Duse and defended his choice in an adamant oratory quoted by biographer <a href="/wiki/Frances_Winwar" title="Frances Winwar">Frances Winwar</a>. Dame <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Terry" title="Ellen Terry">Ellen Terry</a>, who knew them both, observed, "How futile it is to make comparisons! Better far to thank heaven for both these women." </p><p>In 1896, Duse completed a triumphant tour of the United States; in Washington President <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> and his wife attended every performance. Mrs. Cleveland shocked Washington society by giving, in Duse's honor, the first-ever White House tea held for an actress. In 1909, Duse retired from acting. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_relationships">Other relationships</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleonora_Duse&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other relationships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Around the time of Duse's retirement, she met and became involved in an affair with Italian <a href="/wiki/Feminism" title="Feminism">feminist</a> <a href="/wiki/Lina_Poletti" title="Lina Poletti">Lina Poletti</a>, a former lover of writer <a href="/wiki/Sibilla_Aleramo" title="Sibilla Aleramo">Sibilla Aleramo</a>. The two lived together in <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a>, Italy, for two years before ending the relationship. She is reported to have had a relationship with Russian count and painter Alexander Wolkoff and lived in his palace in <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>, now known as <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Barbaro_Wolkoff" title="Palazzo Barbaro Wolkoff">Palazzo Barbaro Wolkoff</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_life">Later life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleonora_Duse&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TIMEMagazine30Jul1923.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/TIMEMagazine30Jul1923.jpg/220px-TIMEMagazine30Jul1923.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/TIMEMagazine30Jul1923.jpg/330px-TIMEMagazine30Jul1923.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/TIMEMagazine30Jul1923.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="527" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i> cover, 30 July 1923</figcaption></figure> <p>Duse suffered from ill health (largely <a href="/wiki/Lung" title="Lung">pulmonary</a>) throughout most of her adult life, and the many years of touring had taken their toll. She retired from acting in 1909, but returned to the stage in 1921 in a series of engagements in both Europe and America.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During this interval, in 1916, she made one film, <i><a href="/wiki/Cenere" title="Cenere">Cenere</a></i> ("Ashes"), prints of which still survive. She was very disappointed in her work in the film, and later wrote to the French singer <a href="/wiki/Yvette_Guilbert" title="Yvette Guilbert">Yvette Guilbert</a> with the request not to see "that stupid thing, because you'll find nothing, or almost nothing, of me in that film". There was also a certain amount of professional correspondence between Duse and <a href="/wiki/D._W._Griffith" title="D. W. Griffith">D. W. Griffith</a>, though ultimately nothing came of this. </p><p>On 30 July 1923, Duse became the first woman (and Italian) to be featured on the cover of the nascent magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death">Death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleonora_Duse&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Duse died of <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a> at the age of 65 in Pittsburgh in Suite 524 of the Hotel Schenley while on the eastward return leg of a tour of the United States (the Hotel Schenley is now the <a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_Union" title="William Pitt Union">William Pitt Union</a> at the University of Pittsburgh). A bronze plaque in the lobby commemorates her death. After being moved to New York City, where she <a href="/wiki/Lying_in_state" title="Lying in state">lay in state</a> for four days before her funeral service, her body was returned to Italy (where another service was performed). </p><p>She is buried in <a href="/wiki/Asolo" title="Asolo">Asolo</a> – where she had made her home for the last four years of her life – at the cemetery of Sant' Anna.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her daughter Enrichetta donated some of her mother's items to the state in 1933. These items are preserved in Asolo in the Museo Civico. In 1968 her granddaughter Eleonora Ilaria Bullough (aka Mary of St Mark as a Dominican nun) donated the last items to the <a href="/wiki/Cini_Foundation" title="Cini Foundation">Giorgio Cini Foundation</a> in Venice. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Acting_philosophy">Acting philosophy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleonora_Duse&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Acting philosophy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eleanora_Duse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Eleanora_Duse.jpg/220px-Eleanora_Duse.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="350" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Eleanora_Duse.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="483" /></a><figcaption>Eleonora Duse, early in her acting career</figcaption></figure> <p>Duse was cryptic regarding her acting style. She claimed not to have a technique of any sort, and scorned at efforts to put her art into a science. What is known is that she had a highly heterodox, almost religious philosophy of acting, seeking to "eliminate the self" and become the characters she portrayed. It is a common misconception that her acting was purely intuitive and spontaneous, in reality she labored over her craft. </p><p>Duse wore little makeup<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but "made herself up morally. In other words, she allowed the inner compulsions, grief and joys of her characters to use her body as their medium for expression, often to the detriment of her health." </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a>, "her art depended on intense naturalness rather than stage effect, sympathetic force and poignant intellectuality rather than the theatrical emotionalism of the French tradition."<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over the course of her career, Duse became well-known and respected for her assistance to young actors and actresses during the early stages of their careers. Among diverse artistic geniuses who acknowledged being inspired by Duse are <a href="/wiki/Modern_dance" title="Modern dance">modern dance</a> pioneer <a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham" title="Martha Graham">Martha Graham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Imagism" title="Imagism">Imagist</a> poetry pioneer <a href="/wiki/Amy_Lowell" title="Amy Lowell">Amy Lowell</a>. She was great friends with actress <a href="/wiki/Eva_Le_Gallienne" title="Eva Le Gallienne">Eva Le Gallienne</a>, who wrote her biography. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recognition">Recognition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleonora_Duse&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Recognition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Duse was the subject of the 1947 biographical film <i><a href="/wiki/Eleonora_Duse_(film)" title="Eleonora Duse (film)">Eleonora Duse</a></i>. The <a href="/wiki/Teatro_Duse" title="Teatro Duse">Teatro Duse</a> in Bologna is named for her. On the occasion of the celebrations in <a href="/wiki/Asolo" title="Asolo">Asolo</a> for the 100th anniversary of Duse's death, an entire theatrical season was dedicated.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The upcoming film <i><a href="/wiki/Duse_(film)" title="Duse (film)">Duse</a></i>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Marcello" title="Pietro Marcello">Pietro Marcello</a>, stars <a href="/wiki/Valeria_Bruni_Tedeschi" title="Valeria Bruni Tedeschi">Valeria Bruni Tedeschi</a> as Duse and <a href="/wiki/No%C3%A9mie_Merlant" title="Noémie Merlant">Noémie Merlant</a> as Enrichetta Checchi.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleonora_Duse&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 88px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 86px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eleonora_Duse_in_La_Locandiera_1891.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="In Goldoni's The Mistress of the Inn, 1891"><img alt="In Goldoni's The Mistress of the Inn, 1891" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Eleonora_Duse_in_La_Locandiera_1891.jpg/129px-Eleonora_Duse_in_La_Locandiera_1891.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Eleonora_Duse_in_La_Locandiera_1891.jpg/193px-Eleonora_Duse_in_La_Locandiera_1891.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Eleonora_Duse_in_La_Locandiera_1891.jpg/257px-Eleonora_Duse_in_La_Locandiera_1891.jpg 2x" data-file-width="347" data-file-height="485" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">In <i><a href="/wiki/Goldoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Goldoni">Goldoni</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Mistress_of_the_Inn" title="The Mistress of the Inn">The Mistress of the Inn</a></i>, 1891</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 98.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 96.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eleanora_Duse_(1859-1924)_by_Sargent,_John_Singer_ca._1893.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A portrait by John Singer Sargent, c. 1893"><img alt="A portrait by John Singer Sargent, c. 1893" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Eleanora_Duse_%281859-1924%29_by_Sargent%2C_John_Singer_ca._1893.jpg/145px-Eleanora_Duse_%281859-1924%29_by_Sargent%2C_John_Singer_ca._1893.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Eleanora_Duse_%281859-1924%29_by_Sargent%2C_John_Singer_ca._1893.jpg/218px-Eleanora_Duse_%281859-1924%29_by_Sargent%2C_John_Singer_ca._1893.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Eleanora_Duse_%281859-1924%29_by_Sargent%2C_John_Singer_ca._1893.jpg/291px-Eleanora_Duse_%281859-1924%29_by_Sargent%2C_John_Singer_ca._1893.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="743" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">A portrait by <a href="/wiki/John_Singer_Sargent" title="John Singer Sargent">John Singer Sargent</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1893</span></div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 123.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 121.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eleonora_Duse.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A photograph by Aimé Dupont, 1896"><img alt="A photograph by Aimé Dupont, 1896" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Eleonora_Duse.jpg/182px-Eleonora_Duse.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Eleonora_Duse.jpg/272px-Eleonora_Duse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Eleonora_Duse.jpg/363px-Eleonora_Duse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="793" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">A photograph by <a href="/wiki/Aim%C3%A9_Dupont" title="Aimé Dupont">Aimé Dupont</a>, 1896</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eleonora_Duse,_by_Vittorio_Matteo_Corcos_(1859-1933).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eleonora Duse by Vittorio Matteo Corcos"><img alt="Eleonora Duse by Vittorio Matteo Corcos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Eleonora_Duse%2C_by_Vittorio_Matteo_Corcos_%281859-1933%29.jpg/136px-Eleonora_Duse%2C_by_Vittorio_Matteo_Corcos_%281859-1933%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Eleonora_Duse%2C_by_Vittorio_Matteo_Corcos_%281859-1933%29.jpg/204px-Eleonora_Duse%2C_by_Vittorio_Matteo_Corcos_%281859-1933%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Eleonora_Duse%2C_by_Vittorio_Matteo_Corcos_%281859-1933%29.jpg/272px-Eleonora_Duse%2C_by_Vittorio_Matteo_Corcos_%281859-1933%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2177" data-file-height="2882" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Eleonora Duse by <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Matteo_Corcos" title="Vittorio Matteo Corcos">Vittorio Matteo Corcos</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 80.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 78.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dupont,_Aim%C3%A9_(1842-1900)_-_Eleonora_Duse_%C3%AC_--_New_York,_1896.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A photograph by Aimé Dupont, New York, 1896"><img alt="A photograph by Aimé Dupont, New York, 1896" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Dupont%2C_Aim%C3%A9_%281842-1900%29_-_Eleonora_Duse_%C3%AC_--_New_York%2C_1896.jpg/118px-Dupont%2C_Aim%C3%A9_%281842-1900%29_-_Eleonora_Duse_%C3%AC_--_New_York%2C_1896.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Dupont%2C_Aim%C3%A9_%281842-1900%29_-_Eleonora_Duse_%C3%AC_--_New_York%2C_1896.jpg/177px-Dupont%2C_Aim%C3%A9_%281842-1900%29_-_Eleonora_Duse_%C3%AC_--_New_York%2C_1896.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Dupont%2C_Aim%C3%A9_%281842-1900%29_-_Eleonora_Duse_%C3%AC_--_New_York%2C_1896.jpg/236px-Dupont%2C_Aim%C3%A9_%281842-1900%29_-_Eleonora_Duse_%C3%AC_--_New_York%2C_1896.jpg 2x" data-file-width="860" data-file-height="1312" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">A photograph by <a href="/wiki/Aim%C3%A9_Dupont" title="Aimé Dupont">Aimé Dupont</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, 1896</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 87.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 85.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stamp_of_USSR_2269.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eleonora Duse on a 1958 postage stamp of the Soviet Union"><img alt="Eleonora Duse on a 1958 postage stamp of the Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Stamp_of_USSR_2269.jpg/128px-Stamp_of_USSR_2269.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Stamp_of_USSR_2269.jpg/193px-Stamp_of_USSR_2269.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Stamp_of_USSR_2269.jpg/257px-Stamp_of_USSR_2269.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1267" data-file-height="1774" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Eleonora Duse on a 1958 postage stamp of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 78px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 76px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eleonora_Duse_in_Francesa_da_Rimini.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Eleonora Duse in Francesca da Rimini"><img alt="Eleonora Duse in Francesca da Rimini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Eleonora_Duse_in_Francesa_da_Rimini.png/114px-Eleonora_Duse_in_Francesa_da_Rimini.png" decoding="async" width="76" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Eleonora_Duse_in_Francesa_da_Rimini.png/171px-Eleonora_Duse_in_Francesa_da_Rimini.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Eleonora_Duse_in_Francesa_da_Rimini.png/228px-Eleonora_Duse_in_Francesa_da_Rimini.png 2x" data-file-width="457" data-file-height="721" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Eleonora Duse in <i>Francesca da Rimini</i></div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 87.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 85.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_photograph_of_Eleonora_Duse.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eleonora Duse, by Arnold Genthe, 1923"><img alt="Eleonora Duse, by Arnold Genthe, 1923" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Portrait_photograph_of_Eleonora_Duse.jpg/128px-Portrait_photograph_of_Eleonora_Duse.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Portrait_photograph_of_Eleonora_Duse.jpg/192px-Portrait_photograph_of_Eleonora_Duse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Portrait_photograph_of_Eleonora_Duse.jpg/256px-Portrait_photograph_of_Eleonora_Duse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="257" data-file-height="361" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Eleonora Duse, by <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Genthe" title="Arnold Genthe">Arnold Genthe</a>, 1923</div></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleonora_Duse&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Notes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWoodhouse2001" class="citation book cs1">Woodhouse, John Robert (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kN4-4FRNNfIC&pg=PA141"><i>Gabriele D'Annunzio: Defiant Archangel</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 141. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-818763-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-818763-9"><bdi>978-0-19-818763-9</bdi></a>. <q>Eleonora had been born into poverty on 3 October 1858 in Vigevano, a small town in Lombardy , the daughter of strolling players , Vincenzo Duse and Angelica Cappelletto .</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gabriele+D%27Annunzio%3A+Defiant+Archangel&rft.pages=141&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-818763-9&rft.aulast=Woodhouse&rft.aufirst=John+Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkN4-4FRNNfIC%26pg%3DPA141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChisholm1911">Chisholm 1911</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/3051521">"Signora Duse at the Lyric Theatre"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_West_Australian" title="The West Australian">The West Australian</a></i>, 14 August 1893, pg. 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Duse,_Eleanora" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Duse, Eleanora">Duse, Eleanora</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 8 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 712.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Duse%2C+Eleanora&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=712&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSheehy2009" class="citation book cs1">Sheehy, Helen (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KbkZykQDUsgC&pg=PT136"><i>Eleonora Duse: A Biography</i></a>. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-48422-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-48422-2"><bdi>978-0-307-48422-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eleonora+Duse%3A+A+Biography&rft.pub=Knopf+Doubleday+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-307-48422-2&rft.aulast=Sheehy&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKbkZykQDUsgC%26pg%3DPT136&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpitsberg2008" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Spitsberg, Tija (3 June 2008) [2002]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141205061918/http://www.glbtq.com/arts/duse_e.html">"Duse, Eleonora (1859–1924)"</a>. In Summers, Claude J. (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Glbtq.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Glbtq.com">glbtq: An encyclopedia of gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, and queer culture</a></i>. Chicago: glbtq, Inc. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.glbtq.com/arts/duse_e.html">the original</a> on 5 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Duse%2C+Eleonora+%281859%E2%80%931924%29&rft.btitle=glbtq%3A+An+encyclopedia+of+gay%2C+lesbian%2C+bisexual%2C+transgender%2C+and+queer+culture&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=glbtq%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2008-06-03&rft.aulast=Spitsberg&rft.aufirst=Tija&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.glbtq.com%2Farts%2Fduse_e.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, Scott. <i>Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons</i>, 3d ed.: 2 (Kindle Location 13458). McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. Kindle Edition.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRAI_News" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">RAI News (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rainews.it/tgr/veneto/video/2024/04/treviso-asolo-100-anni-morte-eleonora-duse-celebrazioni-735d29d4-dd76-4c55-b2a2-d6d8e8efffc8.html">"Il 21 aprile di 100 anni fa moriva Eleonora Duse"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Il+21+aprile+di+100+anni+fa+moriva+Eleonora+Duse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rainews.it%2Ftgr%2Fveneto%2Fvideo%2F2024%2F04%2Ftreviso-asolo-100-anni-morte-eleonora-duse-celebrazioni-735d29d4-dd76-4c55-b2a2-d6d8e8efffc8.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVivarelliKeslassy" class="citation news cs1">Vivarelli, Nick; Keslassy, Elsa. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2024/film/festivals/pietro-marcello-duse-valeria-bruni-tedeschi-noemie-merlant-match-factory-1236002069/">"Pietro Marcello Shooting 'Duse' With Valeria Bruni Tedeschi and Noémie Merlant, the Match Factory Handling Sales"</a>. Variety<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Pietro+Marcello+Shooting+%E2%80%98Duse%E2%80%99+With+Valeria+Bruni+Tedeschi+and+No%C3%A9mie+Merlant%2C+the+Match+Factory+Handling+Sales&rft.aulast=Vivarelli&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft.au=Keslassy%2C+Elsa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2024%2Ffilm%2Ffestivals%2Fpietro-marcello-duse-valeria-bruni-tedeschi-noemie-merlant-match-factory-1236002069%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><b>Bibliography</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuseD'Annunzio2014" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Duse, Eleonora</a>; <a href="/wiki/Gabriele_D%27Annunzio" title="Gabriele D'Annunzio">D'Annunzio, Gabriele</a> (2014). Minucci, Franca; Andreoli, Annamaria (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/893328719"><i>Come il mare io ti parlo : lettere 1894-1923 (Like the sea I speak to you: letters 1894-1923)</i></a> (in Italian). Milano: Bompiani. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788845269905" title="Special:BookSources/9788845269905"><bdi>9788845269905</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/893328719">893328719</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Come+il+mare+io+ti+parlo+%3A+lettere+1894-1923+%28Like+the+sea+I+speak+to+you%3A+letters+1894-1923%29&rft.place=Milano&rft.pub=Bompiani&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F893328719&rft.isbn=9788845269905&rft.aulast=Duse&rft.aufirst=Eleonora&rft.au=D%27Annunzio%2C+Gabriele&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F893328719&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBordeux1925" class="citation book cs1">Bordeux, Jeanne (pseud.) (1925) [1924]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SEpAAAAAIAAJ"><i>Eleonora Duse: the story of her life</i></a>. London: <a href="/wiki/Hutchinson_(publisher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hutchinson (publisher)">Hutchinson & Co</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7912238">7912238</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eleonora+Duse%3A+the+story+of+her+life&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Hutchinson+%26+Co&rft.date=1925&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F7912238&rft.aulast=Bordeux&rft.aufirst=Jeanne+%28pseud.%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSEpAAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li>Marquise Sofia McQuaide de Bonis (1885-?) as "Jeanne Bordeux": Also <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/213823532">213823532</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59787344">59787344</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBordeux1925" class="citation book cs1">Bordeux, Jeanne (pseud.) (1925) [1924]. <i>Eleonora Duse: the story of her life</i>. New York City: G.H. Doran. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/77302304">77302304</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eleonora+Duse%3A+the+story+of+her+life&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=G.H.+Doran&rft.date=1925&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F77302304&rft.aulast=Bordeux&rft.aufirst=Jeanne+%28pseud.%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBordeux1924" class="citation book cs1">Bordeux, Jeanne (pseud.) (1924). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SEpAAAAAIAAJ"><i>Eleonora Duse: The Story of Her Life</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Hutchinson_(publisher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hutchinson (publisher)">Hutchinson & Company</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eleonora+Duse%3A+The+Story+of+Her+Life&rft.pub=Hutchinson+%26+Company&rft.date=1924&rft.aulast=Bordeux&rft.aufirst=Jeanne+%28pseud.%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSEpAAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonis1925" class="citation book cs1">Bonis, Sofia McQuaide De (1925). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VloWAAAAMAAJ"><i>Eleonora Duse: The Story of Her Life</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Hutchinson_(publisher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hutchinson (publisher)">Hutchinson & Company</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eleonora+Duse%3A+The+Story+of+Her+Life&rft.pub=Hutchinson+%26+Company&rft.date=1925&rft.aulast=Bonis&rft.aufirst=Sofia+McQuaide+De&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVloWAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLe_Gallienne1966" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Eva_Le_Gallienne" title="Eva Le Gallienne">Le Gallienne, Eva</a> (1966). <i>The mystic in the theatre: Eleonora Duse</i>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Farrar,_Straus_and_Giroux" title="Farrar, Straus and Giroux">Farrar, Straus and Giroux</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/331204">331204</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+mystic+in+the+theatre%3A+Eleonora+Duse&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Farrar%2C+Straus+and+Giroux&rft.date=1966&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F331204&rft.aulast=Le+Gallienne&rft.aufirst=Eva&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation gutenberg">Izard, Forrest. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gutenberg.org/ebooks/57611">Heroines of the Modern Stage</a></i>, p.171 at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a> "<a href="/wiki/Sarah_Bernhardt" title="Sarah Bernhardt">Sarah Bernhardt</a>; <a href="/wiki/Helena_Modjeska" title="Helena Modjeska">Helena Modjeska</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Terry" title="Ellen Terry">Ellen Terry</a>; <a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_R%C3%A9jane" title="Gabrielle Réjane">Gabrielle Réjane</a>; Eleonora Duse; <a href="/wiki/Ada_Rehan" title="Ada Rehan">Ada Rehan</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mary_Anderson_(actress,_born_1859)" title="Mary Anderson (actress, born 1859)">Mary Anderson</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mrs._Fiske" class="mw-redirect" title="Mrs. Fiske">Mrs. Fiske</a>; <a href="/wiki/Julia_Marlowe" title="Julia Marlowe">Julia Marlowe</a>; <a href="/wiki/Maude_Adams" title="Maude Adams">Maude Adams</a>;"</span></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation gutenberg" id="Reference-Meynell-1897"><a href="/wiki/Alice_Meynell" title="Alice Meynell">Meynell, Alice</a> (1897). “Eleonora Duse”, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gutenberg.org/ebooks/1205">The Colour of Life</a></i>. John Lane at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a> "Nature is the only authentic art of the stage, and the Italian woman is natural: none other so natural and so justified by her nature as Eleonora Duse; but all, as far as their nature goes, natural."</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRader2018" class="citation book cs1">Rader, Peter (21 August 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1098244919"><i>Playing to the Gods: Sarah Bernhardt, Eleonora Duse, and the Rivalry That Changed Acting Forever</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4767-3839-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4767-3839-0"><bdi>978-1-4767-3839-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1098244919">1098244919</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Playing+to+the+Gods%3A+Sarah+Bernhardt%2C+Eleonora+Duse%2C+and+the+Rivalry+That+Changed+Acting+Forever&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2018-08-21&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1098244919&rft.isbn=978-1-4767-3839-0&rft.aulast=Rader&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1098244919&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRasi1901" class="citation book cs1">Rasi, Luigi (1901). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ladusecon00rasiuoft"><i>La Duse</i></a>. Firenze: R. Bemporad – via <a href="/wiki/Archive.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Archive.org">archive.org</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Duse&rft.place=Firenze&rft.pub=R.+Bemporad&rft.date=1901&rft.aulast=Rasi&rft.aufirst=Luigi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fladusecon00rasiuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSheehy2003" class="citation book cs1">Sheehy, Helen (2003). <i>Eleonora Duse: A Biography</i> (1st. ed.). New York City: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_A._Knopf" title="Alfred A. Knopf">Alfred A. Knopf</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-375-40017-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-375-40017-9"><bdi>978-0-375-40017-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/50495500">50495500</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eleonora+Duse%3A+A+Biography&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.edition=1st.&rft.pub=Alfred+A.+Knopf&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F50495500&rft.isbn=978-0-375-40017-9&rft.aulast=Sheehy&rft.aufirst=Helen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Stokes, John, Michael R. Booth & Susan Bassnett. <i>Bernhardt, Terry, Duse: The Actress in Her Time</i>. Cambridge University Press, 1988.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeaver1984" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Weaver" title="William Weaver">Weaver, William</a> (1984). <i>Duse: a biography</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Thames_%26_Hudson" title="Thames & Hudson">Thames & Hudson</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-500-01341-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-500-01341-0"><bdi>978-0-500-01341-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/11063020">11063020</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Duse%3A+a+biography&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F11063020&rft.isbn=978-0-500-01341-0&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>Published in America as <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeaver1984" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Weaver" title="William Weaver">Weaver, William</a> (1984). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dusebiography0000weav"><i>Duse: a biography</i></a></span> (1st. American ed.). <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>: <a href="/wiki/Harcourt_Trade_Publishers" class="mw-redirect" title="Harcourt Trade Publishers">Harcourt Brace Jovanovich</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-15-126690-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-15-126690-6"><bdi>978-0-15-126690-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/10558161">10558161</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Duse%3A+a+biography&rft.place=San+Diego&rft.edition=1st.+American&rft.pub=Harcourt+Brace+Jovanovich&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F10558161&rft.isbn=978-0-15-126690-6&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdusebiography0000weav&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinwar1956" class="citation book cs1">Winwar, Frances (1956). <i>Wingless Victory – A Biography of Gabriele D'Annunzio and Eleonora Duse</i>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">Harper</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/11057365">11057365</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wingless+Victory+%E2%80%93+A+Biography+of+Gabriele+D%27Annunzio+and+Eleonora+Duse&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Harper&rft.date=1956&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F11057365&rft.aulast=Winwar&rft.aufirst=Frances&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollmer2003" class="citation journal cs1">Collmer, Robert G. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41166956">"Three Women of Asolo: Caterina Cornaro, Katharine de Kay Bronson, and Eleonora Duse"</a>. <i>Mediterranean Studies</i>. <b>12</b>. Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press: 155–167. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1074-164X">1074-164X</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41166956">41166956</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mediterranean+Studies&rft.atitle=Three+Women+of+Asolo%3A+Caterina+Cornaro%2C+Katharine+de+Kay+Bronson%2C+and+Eleonora+Duse&rft.volume=12&rft.pages=155-167&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41166956%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=1074-164X&rft.aulast=Collmer&rft.aufirst=Robert+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41166956&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=J3XPAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA725&dq=%22The+Art+of+Duse%22&hl=en">"The Art of Duse"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Outlook_(New_York_City)" title="The Outlook (New York City)">The Outlook (New York City)</a></i>. <b>136</b>. Outlook Company: 725. 1924 – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Outlook+%28New+York+City%29&rft.atitle=The+Art+of+Duse&rft.volume=136&rft.pages=725&rft.date=1924&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJ3XPAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA725%26dq%3D%2522The%2BArt%2Bof%2BDuse%2522%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleonora_Duse&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Eleonora_Duse" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Eleonora Duse">Eleonora Duse</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Eleonora_Duse" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Eleonora Duse">Eleonora Duse</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Library resources</a> about <br /> <b>Eleonora Duse</b> <hr /></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=viaf&su=39421089">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=viaf&su=39421089&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li> </ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0244598/">Eleonora Duse</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/38814">Eleonora Duse</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database" title="Internet Broadway Database">Internet Broadway Database</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275970#P1220" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/004388">Newspaper clippings about Eleonora Duse</a> in the <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Press_Archives" title="20th Century Press Archives">20th Century Press Archives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" title="German National Library of Economics">ZBW</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gutenberg.org/files/57611/57611-h/57611-h.htm">Heroines of the Modern Stage</a> p. 171 by Forrest Izard c.1915</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k7dhyl_IN30"><span class="plainlinks">Le scandalose: Eleonora Duse</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.europeana.eu/en/search?query=Eleonora%20Duse">"Eleonora Duse"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Europeana" title="Europeana">Europeana</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Europeana&rft.atitle=Eleonora+Duse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeana.eu%2Fen%2Fsearch%3Fquery%3DEleonora%2520Duse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Eleonora-Duse">https://www.britannica.com/biography/Eleonora-Duse</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/Duse,+Eleon%C3%B2ra.html">https://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/Duse,+Eleon%C3%B2ra.html</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/eleonora-duse_(Dizionario-Biografico)">https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/eleonora-duse_(Dizionario-Biografico)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.enciclopediadelledonne.it/biografie/eleonora-duse/">http://www.enciclopediadelledonne.it/biografie/eleonora-duse/</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodriguez2005" class="citation book cs1">Rodriguez, Antonio Orlando (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lastmasqueradeno0000rodr"><i>The Last Masquerade: a novel</i></a></span>. Mestre-Reed, Ernesto (trans) (1st. ed.). <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">Rayo</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-058632-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-058632-4"><bdi>978-0-06-058632-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/55208203">55208203</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Last+Masquerade%3A+a+novel&rft.edition=1st.&rft.pub=Rayo&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F55208203&rft.isbn=978-0-06-058632-4&rft.aulast=Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=Antonio+Orlando&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flastmasqueradeno0000rodr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimoncini2011" class="citation web cs1">Simoncini, Francesca (30 November 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181204005859/http://memoria-attori.amati.fupress.net/S100?idattore=1&idmenu=8">"Eleonora Duse"</a>. <i>Memoria del teatro italiano</i>. Firenze University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://memoria-attori.amati.fupress.net/S100?idattore=1&idmenu=8">the original</a> on 4 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Memoria+del+teatro+italiano&rft.atitle=Eleonora+Duse&rft.date=2011-11-30&rft.aulast=Simoncini&rft.aufirst=Francesca&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmemoria-attori.amati.fupress.net%2FS100%3Fidattore%3D1%26idmenu%3D8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050404190745/http://www.fondazionecini.it/italiano/attivita/mostre/mostra.php?idmostre=14">"Divina Eleonora: Eleonora Duse nella vita e nell'arte (1858-1924)"</a>. <i>Mostre</i> (in Italian). Fondazione Giorgio Cini onlus. 30 September 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fondazionecini.it/italiano/attivita/mostre/mostra.php?idmostre=14">the original</a> on 4 April 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mostre&rft.atitle=Divina+Eleonora%3A+Eleonora+Duse+nella+vita+e+nell%27arte+%281858-1924%29&rft.date=2001-09-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fondazionecini.it%2Fitaliano%2Fattivita%2Fmostre%2Fmostra.php%3Fidmostre%3D14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEleonora+Duse" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF179;">Awards and achievements </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Asa_Haynes" title="Roy Asa Haynes">Roy Asa Haynes</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_covers_of_Time_magazine_(1920s)" title="List of covers of Time magazine (1920s)">Cover of <i>Time</i> magazine</a> </b><br />30 July 1923 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275970#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275970#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275970#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121288961">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/39421089">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/33453/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJgcXqPyPWF3v4v6DtkqwC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118681354">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79038473">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121836250">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121836250">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Duse, Eleonora"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV036349">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35051511">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000700454&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1634123">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p071457976">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90266897">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000051717&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000101362&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=253724">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/75kmmkfr1wnr36s">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810566134005606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/72571">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007260676505171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058614841606706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA07738637?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500490579">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/d7ae0106-dd8e-4579-be75-227fab9dc5ef">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/812418">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="DUSE, Eleonora"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/eleonora-duse_(Dizionario-Biografico)">Italian People</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118681354.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118681354">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027379833">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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