CINXE.COM

Page Not Found

<!DOCTYPE html> <!--[if IE 8]> <html class="ie8 "> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 9]> <html class="ie9 "> <![endif]--> <!--[if !IE]><!--> <html class=""> <!--<![endif]--><!-- _____________ _ _ hbr.org _ |/////////////| | | | | | | |:\/E:R|:T/\S:| | |__| | __ _ _ ____ ____ _ _ __ __| | |+++++++++++++| | __ |/ _` | '__\ \ / / _` | '__/ _` | |\:+:\ /:+:/| | | | | (_| | | \ V / (_| | | | (_| | | \:::\ /:::/ | |_|__|_|\__,_|_| _ \_/ \__,_|_| \__,_| \ \ ::+:: / / | _ \ (_) \ /::/ \::\ / | |_) |_ _ ___ _ _ __ ___ ___ ___ \+:/ \:+/ | _ <| | | / __| | '_ \ / _ \/ __/ __| \/_____\/ | |_) | |_| \__ \ | | | | __/\__ \__ \ To improve the |____/ \__,_|___/_|_| |_|\___||___/___/ practice of | __ \ (_) management and | |__) |_____ ___ _____ __ its impact in a | _ // _ \ \ / / |/ _ \ \ /\ / / changing world. | | \ \ __/\ V /| | __/\ V V / est. 1922 |_| \_\___| \_/ |_|\___| \_/\_/ --> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="none"/> <title>Page Not Found</title> <meta name="description" content="Find new ideas and classic advice on strategy, innovation and leadership, for global leaders from the world's best business and management experts."/> <meta name="item-id" content="9ae4a9e66d08e4b73f057a1808c8ceca"/> <meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1,width=device-width"/> <meta name="uid" content="B7D2CC766FBD7EFADBB7588069E78B95"/> <meta name="shopper-attributes" content="state:guest"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Page Not Found"/> <meta name="page-type" content="LANDING"/> <meta name="page-id" content="400"/> <meta name="ox-group" content="537063789"/> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script type="text/javascript" src="/resources/js/support/hbr/elements.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/resources/js/support/foundation/foundation.js"></script> <![endif]--> <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="/resources/images/favicon.ico"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/resources/images/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/resources/images/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" href="/resources/images/apple-touch-icon.png" sizes="152x152"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/resources/images/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/resources/images/android-chrome-512x512.png" sizes="512x512"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/resources/css/style.css"/> <script type="text/javascript"> if (document.cookie.match(/hbr_f=true/)) { window.document.documentElement.className += " fonts-loaded"; } </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.tinypass.com/api/tinypass.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var tp = window["tp"] || []; tp.push(["setDebug", false]); tp.push(["setAid", "mbs77qtzUz"]); tp.push(["setEndpoint", "https://buy.tinypass.com/api/v3"]); tp.push(["setUseTinypassAccounts", false]); tp.push(["setUsePianoIdUserProvider", false]); tp.push(["setCxenseSiteId", "1141964769885092441"]); tp.push(["init", function () { tp.experience.init(); }]) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> document.cookie = "__adblocker=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; path=/"; var setNptTechAdblockerCookie = function(adblocker) { var d = new Date(); d.setTime(d.getTime() + 60 * 60 * 24 * 2 * 1000); document.cookie = "__adblocker=" + (adblocker ? "true" : "false") + "; expires=" + d.toUTCString() + "; path=/"; } var script = document.createElement("script"); script.setAttribute("async", true); script.setAttribute("src", "//www.npttech.com/advertising.js"); script.setAttribute("onerror", "setNptTechAdblockerCookie(true);"); document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(script); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.digitalData = {"page":{"pageInfo":{"pageName":"Page Not Found","pageType":"LANDING","pageDescription":"Find new ideas and classic advice on strategy, innovation and leadership, for global leaders from the world's best business and management experts.","onsiteSearchResults":0,"date":"11-19-2020","time":"08:39 AM"}},"users":[],"version":"2.2","siteID":"hbrprod","siteType":"Desktop","pageInstanceID":"Page Not Found:vagrant"}; if (window.digitalData && window.digitalData.page && window.digitalData.page.pageInfo) { if (!window.digitalData.page.pageInfo.deviceType) { !function (a) { var b = /iPhone/i, c = /iPod/i, d = /iPad/i, e = /(?=.*\bAndroid\b)(?=.*\bMobile\b)/i, f = /Android/i, g = /(?=.*\bAndroid\b)(?=.*\bSD4930UR\b)/i, h = /(?=.*\bAndroid\b)(?=.*\b(?:KFOT|KFTT|KFJWI|KFJWA|KFSOWI|KFTHWI|KFTHWA|KFAPWI|KFAPWA|KFARWI|KFASWI|KFSAWI|KFSAWA)\b)/i, i = /Windows Phone/i, j = /(?=.*\bWindows\b)(?=.*\bARM\b)/i, k = /BlackBerry/i, l = /BB10/i, m = /Opera Mini/i, n = /(CriOS|Chrome)(?=.*\bMobile\b)/i, o = /(?=.*\bFirefox\b)(?=.*\bMobile\b)/i, p = new RegExp("(?:Nexus 7|BNTV250|Kindle Fire|Silk|GT-P1000)", "i"), q = function (a, b) { return a.test(b) }, r = function (a) { var r = a || navigator.userAgent, s = r.split("[FBAN"); if ("undefined" != typeof s[1] && (r = s[0]), s = r.split("Twitter"), "undefined" != typeof s[1] && (r = s[0]), this.apple = { phone: q(b, r), ipod: q(c, r), tablet: !q(b, r) && q(d, r), device: q(b, r) || q(c, r) || q(d, r) }, this.amazon = { phone: q(g, r), tablet: !q(g, r) && q(h, r), device: q(g, r) || q(h, r) }, this.android = { phone: q(g, r) || q(e, r), tablet: !q(g, r) && !q(e, r) && (q(h, r) || q(f, r)), device: q(g, r) || q(h, r) || q(e, r) || q(f, r) }, this.windows = { phone: q(i, r), tablet: q(j, r), device: q(i, r) || q(j, r) }, this.other = { blackberry: q(k, r), blackberry10: q(l, r), opera: q(m, r), firefox: q(o, r), chrome: q(n, r), device: q(k, r) || q(l, r) || q(m, r) || q(o, r) || q(n, r) }, this.seven_inch = q(p, r), this.any = this.apple.device || this.android.device || this.windows.device || this.other.device || this.seven_inch, this.phone = this.apple.phone || this.android.phone || this.windows.phone, this.tablet = this.apple.tablet || this.android.tablet || this.windows.tablet, "undefined" == typeof window) { return this } }, s = function () { var a = new r; return a.Class = r, a }; "undefined" != typeof module && module.exports && "undefined" == typeof window ? module.exports = r : "undefined" != typeof module && module.exports && "undefined" != typeof window ? module.exports = s() : "function" == typeof define && define.amd ? define("isMobile", [], a.isMobile = s()) : a.isMobile = s() }(this); window.digitalData.page.pageInfo.sysEnv = "Desktop"; window.digitalData.page.pageInfo.deviceType = "Desktop"; if (isMobile.phone || isMobile.tablet) { window.digitalData.page.pageInfo.sysEnv = "Mobile"; if (isMobile.phone) { window.digitalData.page.pageInfo.deviceType = "Mobile"; } if (isMobile.tablet) { window.digitalData.page.pageInfo.deviceType = "Tablet"; } } window.digitalData.siteType = window.digitalData.page.pageInfo.deviceType; } window.digitalData.page.pageInfo.pageURL = window.location.origin + window.location.pathname; if (document.referrer) { window.digitalData.page.pageInfo.referringURL = document.referrer; } } </script> <script src="/resources/js/components/overlay-intromercial/gdpr.js"></script> <script src="//assets.adobedtm.com/c0857d0b892a/fccd631ba54c/launch-68b2fecf2e9e.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/resources/js/components/overlay-intromercial/intromercial.js"></script> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "WebSite", "url": "https://hbr.org/", "potentialAction": { "@type": "SearchAction", "target": "https://hbr.org/search?term={search_term_string}", "query-input": "required name=search_term_string" } } </script> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript"> if (typeof generateIntromercial === 'function') { generateIntromercial(); } </script> <!-- column --> <div id="main" class="container"> <div id="" class="component" data-order="2" data-type="webscript" data-moveable="false" data-params="region=header"> <div class="sticky-top-header global-nav-container"> <header class="top-header hide-for-print global-nav-container" role="banner"> <!-- first row of the global nav --> <div class="top-header--bar flex-row backdrop-white top-header--row has-border-bottom"> <div id="top-header--panel-icon" class="flex-row top-header--menu-link"> <a href="#" class="link--black hamburger-icon-container" js-target="global-header--search-overlay"> <svg class="hamburger-icon top-header--menu-icon-open" alt="Navigation Menu" aria-labelledby="title"> <title>Navigation Menu</title> <use xlink:href="/resources/css/images/hbr-icons.svg#hamburger"></use></svg> </a> </div> <!-- logo --> <div class="top-header--logo has-border-left"> <a href="/"> <img src="/resources/css/images/HBR_logo_black.svg" alt="Harvard Business Review Home"> </a> </div> <div class="top-header--headline-container"> <article-headline class="article-headline hide-medium-down"> </article-headline> </div> <!-- right aligned items --> <div class="flex-row top-header--bottom-left-align"> <personalization-placement class="flex-row mrl top-header--subscribe hide-small" data-placement-id="topbar_subscribe_engage"> <a href="/subscriptions?ab=topbar-subtout" target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="baseline-shift-down-more button button--tight mbn">Subscribe</a> </personalization-placement> <a href="/shopping-cart" class="link--black flex-row top-header--shopping-cart mrl do-not-show" js-target="global-header-menu-toggle" data-menu="cart" data-cart-badge="0"> <img class="cart-icon" src="/resources/css/images/cart-icon.png" alt="Cart"> </a> <a href="#" class="link--black global-header-button flex-row mrm prl has-border-right sign-in " js-target="sign-in-register"> <span class="baseline-shift-down-more">Sign In</span> </a> <div class="top-header--user-dropdown-container link--black flex-row mrm prl mls has-border-right sign-in do-not-show " js-target="global-header-menu-toggle" data-menu="user"> <svg class="unfilled-user-icon mrs" alt="Account Menu" aria-labelledby="title"> <title>Account Menu</title> <use xlink:href="/resources/css/images/hbr-icons.svg#user-nav"></use></svg> </div> <a id="top-header--open-search-overlay" href="#" class="link--black flex-row top-header--search-container mls hide-small" js-target="global-header--search-overlay"> <svg class="search-icon size-24x24" alt="Search Menu" aria-labelledby="title"> <title>Search Menu</title> <use xlink:href="/resources/css/images/hbr-icons.svg#search"></use></svg> </a> </div> </div> <!-- header search overlay --> <div class="top-header--overlay do-not-show"> <div class="header-menu--overlay opacity-0-small-only" js-target="global-header--search-overlay"></div> <div class="left close-button absolute hide-small-up"> <a href="#" class="link--black flex-row top-header--close-search-overlay" js-target="global-header--search-overlay"> <svg class="size-24x24 top-header--menu-icon-close svg-ie"><use xlink:href="/resources/css/images/hbr-icons.svg#x"></use></svg> </a> </div> <div class="hide-small flex-row overlay--first-row"> <a id="top-header--close-search-overlay" href="#" class="link--black" js-target="global-header--search-overlay"> <svg class="size-24x24 top-header--menu-icon-close svg-ie" aria-labelledby="title"> <title>Close menu</title> <use xlink:href="/resources/css/images/hbr-icons.svg#x"></use></svg> </a> </div> <div class="top-header--overlay-centered mtl"> <div class="top-header--overlay-search opacity-0-small-only"> <form action="/search" method="get"> <div class="search-container opacity-0-medium-up"> <input type="hidden" name="search_type" value="search-all"> <input class="pts pbm search-box-desktop" autocomplete="off" name="term" data-type="search-input" placeholder="Search hbr.org"></input> <input class="search-box-mobile" autocomplete="off" name="term" placeholder="Search hbr.org"></input> <button> <svg aria-labelledby="title"><title>Search</title><use xlink:href="/resources/css/images/hbr-icons.svg#search"></use></svg> </button> <a href="#" class="clear-search-box do-not-show" js-target="clear-search-box">CLEAR</a> </div> <div class="backdrop-white width-100pct zindex-highest hide top-header--search-suggest" data-purpose="search-auto-suggest"> <div class="font-gt-america"> <ul class="no-bullet ptm mbs" data-container="results"> <li class="pbm pts line-height-normal font-size-15 darker-medium-gray"></li> <li class="pbm pts line-height-normal font-size-15 darker-medium-gray"></li> <li class="pbm pts line-height-normal font-size-15 darker-medium-gray"></li> <li class="pbm pts line-height-normal font-size-15 darker-medium-gray"></li> <li class="pbm pts line-height-normal font-size-15 darker-medium-gray"></li> <li class="pbl pts line-height-normal font-size-15 darker-medium-gray has-border-bottom"></li> <li class="ptl font-size-xsmall text-gray-light font-bold">SUGGESTED TOPICS</li> <li class="pbm pts line-height-normal font-size-15 darker-medium-gray no-bullet"></li> <li class="pbm pts line-height-normal font-size-15 darker-medium-gray no-bullet"></li> <li class="pbm pts line-height-normal font-size-15 darker-medium-gray no-bullet"></li> </ul> </div> </div> </form> </div> <div class="top-header--overlay-footer"> <div class="flex-row-wrap flex-row justify-between"> <div class="flex-col hide-small opacity-0 nav--explore"> <span class="mbm font-bold">Explore HBR</span> <ul class="no-bullet tidy-list"> <li><a href="/the-latest">Latest</a></li> <li><a href="/magazine">The Magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/most-popular">Most Popular</a></li> <li><a href="/podcasts">Podcasts</a></li> <li><a href="/video">Video</a></li> <li><a href="/store">Store</a></li> <li><a href="/webinars">Webinars</a></li> <li><a href="/email-newsletters">Newsletters</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="flex-col hide-small opacity-0 nav--popular"> <span class="mbm font-bold">Popular Topics</span> <ul class="no-bullet tidy-list"> <li><a href="/topic/managing-yourself">Managing Yourself</a></li> <li><a href="/topic/leadership">Leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/topic/strategy">Strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/topic/managing-people">Managing Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/topic/gender">Gender</a></li> <li><a href="/topic/innovation">Innovation</a></li> <li><a href="/topic/work-life-balance">Work-life Balance</a></li> <li><a href="/topics">All Topics</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="flex-col hide-small opacity-0 nav--subscribers"> <span class="mbm font-bold">For Subscribers</span> <ul class="no-bullet tidy-list"> <li><a href="/big-ideas">The Big Idea</a></li> <li><a href="/data-visuals">Data &amp; Visuals</a></li> <li><a href="/reading-lists" track-target="global-nav-link--editors-choice">Reading Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/case-selections" track-target="global-nav-link--case-selection">Case Selections</a></li> <li> <personalization-placement data-placement-id="mag_cover_engage"> <a href="/subscriptions?ab=leftnav-subtout" target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="subscribe-link">Subscribe</a> </personalization-placement> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="flex-col hide-small opacity-0 nav--account"> <span class="mbm font-bold">My Account</span> <ul class="no-bullet tidy-list"> <li><a href="/my-library" js-target="validate-user-signed">My Library</a></li> <li><a href="/my-library/topics" js-target="validate-user-signed">Topic Feeds</a></li> <li><a href="/my-library/orders" js-target="validate-user-signed">Orders</a></li> <li><a href="/my-library/settings" js-target="validate-user-signed">Account Settings</a></li> <li><a href="/my-library/preferences" js-target="validate-user-signed">Email Preferences</a></li> <li><a href="/logout" js-target="logout" class="do-not-show">Log Out</a></li> <li><a href="#" js-target="sign-in-register" class="">Sign In</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="small-flex-col hide-small opacity-0 nav--social"> <ul class="no-bullet tidy-list"> <li><a href="http://twitter.com/HarvardBiz" class="link--black" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><i class="icon icon-twitter" title="Twitter"></i></a></li> <li><a href="http://www.facebook.com/HBR" class="link--black" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><i class="icon icon-facebook" title="Facebook"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/harvard-business-review?trk=biz-companies-cym" class="link--black" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><i class="icon icon-linkedin" title="Linkedin"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.instagram.com/harvard_business_review/?hl=en" class="link--black" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><i class="icon icon-instagram" title="Instagram"></i></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="top-header--mobile-mega-menu opacity-0"> <personalization-placement data-placement-id="mag_cover_engage"> <a href="/subscriptions?ab=leftnav-subtout" target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="subscribe-link button button--tight mbn">Subscribe</a> </personalization-placement> <a href="/the-latest" class="is-block">Latest</a> <a href="/podcasts" class="is-block">Podcasts</a> <a href="/video" class="is-block">Video</a> <a href="/magazine" class="is-block">The Magazine</a> <a href="/store" class="is-block">Store</a> <a href="/webinars" class="is-block">Webinars</a> <a href="/email-newsletters" class="is-block">Newsletters</a> <a href="/topics" class="is-block">All Topics</a> <a href="/big-ideas" class="is-block">The Big Idea</a> <a href="/data-visuals" class="is-block">Data &amp; Visuals</a> <a href="/reading-lists" class="is-block" track-target="global-nav-link--editors-choice">Reading Lists</a> <a href="/case-selections" class="is-block" track-target="global-nav-link--case-selection">Case Selections</a> <a href="/my-library" class="is-block" js-target="validate-user-signed">My Library</a> <a href="/my-library/settings" class="is-block" js-target="validate-user-signed">Account Settings</a> <a href="/logout" js-target="logout" class="do-not-show is-block last-link">Log Out</a> <a href="#" js-target="sign-in-register" class=" is-block last-link">Sign In</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header-menu header-menu--cart-dropdown absolute" js-target="global-header-menu" data-menu="cart"> <div class="header-menu--overlay opacity-0" js-target="global-header-menu-toggle" data-menu="cart"></div> <svg class="border-caret-white absolute bottom-100pct hide-small" width="24px" height="16px" js-target="global-header-menu-caret"><path stroke-width="2px" d="M 0 16 l 12 -14 l 12 14" /></svg> <div class="right close-button" js-target="global-header-menu-toggle" data-menu="cart"> <a href="#" class="link--black"> <svg class="size-24x24 top-header--menu-icon-close svg-ie"><use xlink:href="/resources/css/images/hbr-icons.svg#x"></use></svg> </a> </div> <h3 class="pbl subheader has-border-bottom flyout-title">Your Cart</h3> <div class="cart-container opacity-0" js-target="global-header-cart-contents"> <div class="message mbs mtm">Your Shopping Cart is empty.</div> <a href="/store" class="button button--tight expand mbn mtm">Visit Our Store</a> </div> </div> <div class="header-menu header-menu--user-dropdown absolute" js-target="global-header-menu" data-menu="user"> <div class="header-menu--overlay opacity-0" js-target="global-header-menu-toggle" data-menu="user"></div> <svg class="border-caret-white absolute bottom-100pct hide-small" width="24px" height="16px" js-target="global-header-menu-caret"><path stroke-width="2px" d="M 0 16 l 12 -14 l 12 14" /></svg> <div class="right close-button" js-target="global-header-menu-toggle" data-menu="user"> <a href="#" class="link--black"> <svg class="size-24x24 top-header--menu-icon-close svg-ie"><use xlink:href="/resources/css/images/hbr-icons.svg#x"></use></svg> </a> </div> <div class="mbl is-block has-border-bottom user-data-container"> <div class="font-bold flyout-title" js-target="user-menu-name">Guest User</div> <div class="subscription-access do-not-show" js-target="user-menu-subscription-access"> <span js-target="user-menu-subscription-access-level"></span> Subscriber </div> </div> <div class="header--user-flyout-links opacity-0"> <a href="/my-library/library" class="is-block" >My Library</a> <a href="/my-library/topics" class="is-block" js-target="global-topic-feeds-anchor">Topic Feeds</a> <a href="/my-library/orders" class="is-block" >Orders</a> <a href="/my-library/settings" class="is-block" >Account Settings</a> <a href="/my-library/preferences" class="is-block" >Email Preferences</a> <a href="/logout" js-target="logout" class="is-block">Log Out</a> </div> </div> <div class="right trigger do-not-show"> <reading-list class="reading-list hide-small"> <div style="display: flex;" class="reading-list-top" js-target="open-reading-list-overlay"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 30px; height: 100%;"><i style="padding: 6px 0px 6px;" class="icon icon-caret-left font-size-default"></i></div> <div style="flex-grow: 1; padding: 4px 0px 4px 6px; color: #888888;" class="font-bold font-size-large baseline-shift-up">Reading List</div> </div> </reading-list> <reading-list-mobile class="reading-list-mobile hide-medium hide-large-up"> <div class="mobile-top" js-target="open-reading-list-overlay"> <div class="right" style="padding-right: 10px;"> <span style="color: #888888;" class="font-bold baseline-shift-up">Reading Lists</span> <span><i class="icon icon-caret-down" style="font-size: 18px;"></i></span> </div> </div> </reading-list-mobile> </div> </header> </div> <!-- End .header --> </div> <div id="" class="component" data-order="3" data-type="static-content" data-moveable="false" data-params="document=not-found"> <section class="section "> <div class="row"> <div class="mtxl ptl hide-small hide-large-up"></div> <div class="medium-6 medium-offset-3 column"> <div class="mt-large6 text-center error-404"> <img src="/resources/images/editorial_assets/misc/404-hero-img_desktop.png" alt="Hmmmm... We can't seem to find that page." class="is-centered hide-small"/> <img src="/resources/images/editorial_assets/misc/404-hero-img_mobile.png" alt="Hmmmm... We can't seem to find that page." class="is-centered hide-medium-up"/> <p class="cushion text-center mt-large4 clear-both go-back"><a href="#" onclick="history.go(-1);" class="alt-action mrl"> <i class="icon icon-caret-left"></i> Go back</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div id="" class="component" data-order="98" data-type="webscript" data-moveable="false" data-params="region=global-nav"> <!-- Global Navigation --> <global-nav class="global-nav flex-col hide-for-print hide-medium-down" data-state="" data-page="page-not-found.error" role="navigation"> <div class="phl top-header--horizontal-list "> <a href="/the-latest" class="link--black " track-target="global-nav-link--the-latest" >Latest</a> <a href="/magazine" class="link--black " track-target="global-nav-link--magazine" >Magazine</a> <a href="/ascend" class="link--black " track-target="global-nav-link--ascend" >Ascend</a> <a href="/topics" class="link--black " track-target="global-nav-link--topics" >Topics</a> <a href="/podcasts" class="link--black " track-target="global-nav-link--podcasts" >Podcasts</a> <a href="/video" class="link--black " track-target="global-nav-link--video" >Video</a> <a href="/store" class="link--black " track-target="global-nav-link--store" >Store</a> <a href="/big-ideas" class="link--black " track-target="global-nav-link--big-idea" >The Big Idea</a> <a href="/data-visuals" class="link--black " track-target="global-nav-link--visual-library" >Data &amp; Visuals</a> <a href="/case-selections" class="link--black " track-target="global-nav-link--case-selection" >Case Selections</a> </div> </global-nav> </div> <div id="" class="component" data-order="99" data-type="static-content" data-moveable="false" data-params="document=footer"> <!-- Begin Footer --> <footer class="footer hide-for-print flex-row justify-center"> <div class="has-border-top footer-container"> <div class="backdrop-white hide-for-print mbs"> <div class="footer-container--top mt-large2 mb-large2"> <span class="footer-logo"><a href="/"><img src="/resources/css/images/hbr_logo.svg" alt="Harvard Business Review Home" class="logo"></a> </span> <div class="panel-container"> <div class="panel-inner-container"> <span class="panel nowrap flex-col text-center justify-center"> <personalization-placement class="personalization-placement is-inline-block no" data-placement-id="subscribe_now_footer_engage"> <a href="/subscriptions?ab=footer-subtout" class="link--black justify-center align-items-center flex-row nowrap font-size-large font-heavy"><b class="top-header--subscribe">Subscribe</b></a> </personalization-placement> </span> <span class="placeholder"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <footer-menu> <div class="footer-content--container flex-row-wrap justify-between flex-direction--row"> <div js-target="footer-item" class="footer-content--list flex-col"> <div class="flex-row justify-between"> <h6>Explore HBR</h6> <span class="footer-item--arrow icon icon-caret-right font-size-medium mbm mtm"></span> </div> <ul class="no-bullet tidy-list--small hide-for-small--list mbn"> <li><a href="/the-latest">The Latest</a></li> <li><a href="/most-popular">Most Popular</a></li> <li><a href="/topics">All Topics</a></li> <li><a href="/magazine">Magazine Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/big-ideas">The Big Idea</a></li> <li><a href="/reading-lists">Reading Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/case-selections">Case Selections</a></li> <li><a href="/video">Video</a></li> <li><a href="/podcasts">Podcasts</a></li> <li><a href="/webinars">Webinars</a></li> <li><a href="/data-visuals">Data &amp; Visuals</a></li> <li><a href="/my-library">My Library</a></li> <li><a href="/email-newsletters">Newsletters</a></li> <li><a href="/hbrpress">HBR Press</a></li> <li><a href="/insight-center/ascend">HBR Ascend</a></li> </ul> </div> <div js-target="footer-item" class="footer-content--list flex-col"> <div class="flex-row justify-between"> <h6>HBR Store</h6> <span class="footer-item--arrow icon icon-caret-right font-size-medium mbm mtm"></span> </div> <ul class="no-bullet tidy-list--small hide-for-small--list mbn"> <li><a href="/store/articles">Article Reprints</a></li> <li><a href="/store/books">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/store/case-studies">Cases</a></li> <li><a href="/store/collections">Collections</a></li> <li><a href="/store/magazine-issues">Magazine Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/store/landing/guides">HBR Guide Series</a></li> <li><a href="/store/landing/20-minute-managers">HBR 20-Minute Managers</a></li> <li><a href="/store/landing/emotional-intelligence-series">HBR Emotional Intelligence Series</a></li> <li><a href="/store/landing/mustreads">HBR Must Reads</a></li> <li><a href="/store/tools">Tools</a></li> </ul> </div> <div js-target="footer-item" class="footer-content--list flex-col"> <div class="flex-row justify-between"> <h6>About HBR</h6> <span class="footer-item--arrow icon icon-caret-right font-size-medium mbm mtm"></span> </div> <ul class="no-bullet tidy-list--small hide-for-small--list mbn"> <li><a href="/contact-us">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="/hbr-advertising-sales">Advertise with Us</a></li> <li><a href="/booksellers-retailers">Information for Booksellers/Retailers</a></li> <li><a href="/about-hbr">Masthead</a></li> <li><a href="/global-editions">Global Editions</a></li> <li><a href="/media-inquiries">Media Inquiries</a></li> <li><a href="/guidelines-for-authors-web">Guidelines for Authors</a></li> <li><a href="/hbr-analytic-services">HBR Analytic Services</a></li> <li><a href="/permissions">Copyright Permissions</a></li> </ul> </div> <div js-target="footer-item" class="footer-content--list flex-col"> <div class="flex-row justify-between"> <h6>Manage My Account</h6> <span class="footer-item--arrow icon icon-caret-right font-size-medium mbm mtm"></span> </div> <ul class="no-bullet tidy-list--small hide-for-small--list mbn"> <li><a href="/my-library" js-target="validate-user-signed">My Library</a></li> <li><a href="/my-library/topics" js-target="validate-user-signed">Topic Feeds</a></li> <li><a href="/my-library/orders" js-target="validate-user-signed">Orders</a></li> <li><a href="/my-library/settings" js-target="validate-user-signed">Account Settings</a></li> <li><a href="/my-library/preferences" js-target="validate-user-signed">Email Preferences</a></li> <li><a href="/subscriber-help">Account FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="https://hbphelp.zendesk.com/hc/en-us">Help Center</a></li> <li><a href="/subscriber-help#contact-customer-service">Contact Customer Service</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-content--list footer-content--last-list flex-col"> <div class="flex-row justify-between"> <h6>Follow HBR</h6> </div> <ul class="icon-ul tidy-list--small mbn"> <li><i class="icon-li icon icon-facebook"></i> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/HBR">Facebook</a></li> <li><i class="icon-li icon icon-twitter"></i> <a href="http://twitter.com/HarvardBiz">Twitter</a></li> <li><i class="icon-li icon icon-linkedin"></i> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/harvard-business-review?trk=biz-companies-cym">LinkedIn</a></li> <li><i class="icon-li icon icon-instagram"></i> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/harvard_business_review/?hl=en">Instagram</a></li> <li><i class="icon-li icon line-height-very-very-tight icon-newsreader"></i> <a href="http://feeds.hbr.org/harvardbusiness/">Your Newsreader</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </footer-menu> <div class="flex-row mbl mt-large2"> <div class="footer-logo hide-for-small"> <figure class="mts"> <img src="/resources/images/2018/new_logo_May11.png" alt="Harvard Business Publishing" class="medium-6" /> </figure> </div> <div class="flex-direction--row mbl hide-for-small--list copyright-block"> <ul class="piped-inline-list is-inline mbn pbn hide-for-small flex-row flex-direction--row copyright"> <li><a href="/corporate/about" class="copyright">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="/corporate/careers" class="copyright">Careers</a></li> <li><a href="/privacy-policy" class="copyright">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/corporate/copyright" class="copyright">Copyright Information</a></li> <li><a href="http://trademark.harvard.edu/pages/trademark-notice" class="copyright">Trademark Policy</a></li> </ul><br /> <div class="copyright is-inline mrs hide-for-small">Harvard Business Publishing:</div> <ul class="piped-inline-list is-inline copyright hide-for-small flex-row flex-direction--row"> <li><a href="http://hbsp.harvard.edu/" class="copyright">Higher Education</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.harvardbusiness.org" class="copyright">Corporate Learning</a></li> <li><a href="http://hbr.org/" class="copyright">Harvard Business Review</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.hbs.edu" class="copyright">Harvard Business School</a></li> </ul> <div class="copyright flex-row flex-direction--row">Copyright &copy; <span id="copyright-year-404"></span>&nbsp;<script>document.getElementById("copyright-year-404").innerHTML=new Date().getFullYear();</script> Harvard Business School Publishing. All rights reserved. Harvard Business Publishing is an affiliate of Harvard Business School.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <!-- End Footer --> </div> </div> <!-- reCAPTCHA scripts --> <script> window.captchaScoreKey = "6Ld9uNYZAAAAADPb9mj-jQFgYnWu1h6XAdKRLUhH"; </script> <script src="https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/enterprise.js?render=6Ld9uNYZAAAAADPb9mj-jQFgYnWu1h6XAdKRLUhH"></script> <!-- javascript --> <script src="/resources/js/common.js"></script> <script src="/resources/js/pages/generic.js"></script> <!-- Begin comScore Tag --> <script> var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "14457509" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })(); </script> <noscript> <img src="http://b.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=14457509&cv=2.0&cj=1" /> </noscript> <!-- End comScore Tag --> <script type="text/javascript">_satellite.pageBottom();</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10