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podsekci Život</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Život-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mládí_a_výcvik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mládí_a_výcvik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Mládí a výcvik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mládí_a_výcvik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lety_do_vesmíru" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lety_do_vesmíru"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Lety do vesmíru</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lety_do_vesmíru-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Po_letech" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Po_letech"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Po letech</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Po_letech-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Odkazy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Odkazy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Boris Volynov</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 26 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%DA%A4%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%DA%A4" title="بوريس ڤولينوڤ – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بوريس ڤولينوڤ" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Барыс Валянцінавіч Валынаў – běloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Барыс Валянцінавіч Валынаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="běloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Борис Волинов – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Борис Волинов" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Волынов Борис Валентинович – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Волынов Борис Валентинович" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Walentinowitsch_Wolynow" title="Boris Walentinowitsch Wolynow – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Boris Walentinowitsch Wolynow" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Volynov" title="Boris Volynov – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Boris Volynov" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bor%C3%ADs_Volynov" title="Borís Volynov – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Borís Volynov" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%88%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88%D9%81" title="بوریس وولینوف – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بوریس وولینوف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Volynov" title="Boris Volynov – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Boris Volynov" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Volynov" title="Boris Volynov – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Boris Volynov" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Volinov" title="Boris Volinov – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Boris Volinov" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1_%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%91" title="בוריס וולינוב – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בוריס וולינוב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borisz_Valentyinovics_Volinov" title="Borisz Valentyinovics Volinov – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Borisz Valentyinovics Volinov" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Volynov" title="Boris Volynov – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Boris Volynov" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Valentinovi%C4%8D_Volynov" title="Boris Valentinovič Volynov – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Boris Valentinovič Volynov" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9C%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A9%E3%83%AA%E3%83%8E%E3%83%95" title="ボリス・ヴォリノフ – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ボリス・ヴォリノフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Борис Волынов – kyrgyzština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Борис Волынов" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kyrgyzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Volynov" title="Boris Volynov – malgaština" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Boris Volynov" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Walentinowitsch_Wolynow" title="Boris Walentinowitsch Wolynow – dolnoněmčina" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Boris Walentinowitsch Wolynow" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="dolnoněmčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Volynov" title="Boris Volynov – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Boris Volynov" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Wo%C5%82ynow" title="Boris Wołynow – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Boris Wołynow" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Volynov" title="Boris Volynov – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Boris Volynov" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Волынов, Борис Валентинович – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Волынов, Борис Валентинович" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Valentinovi%C4%8D_Volynov" title="Boris Valentinovič Volynov – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Boris Valentinovič Volynov" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Волинов Борис Валентинович – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Волинов Борис Валентинович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B2%8D%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E9%9B%B7%E8%AF%BA%E5%A4%AB" title="鲍里斯·沃雷诺夫 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鲍里斯·沃雷诺夫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q448538#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Jmenné prostory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Boris_Volynov" title="Zobrazit obsahovou stránku [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Článek</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskuse:Boris_Volynov" rel="discussion" title="Diskuse ke stránce [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">čeština</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazení"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="fn" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold">Boris Volynov</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Soyuz-21.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Boris Volynov (vlevo) a Vitalij Žolobov na sovětské poštovní známce"><img alt="Boris Volynov (vlevo) a Vitalij Žolobov na sovětské poštovní známce" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Soyuz-21.jpg/225px-Soyuz-21.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Soyuz-21.jpg/338px-Soyuz-21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Soyuz-21.jpg/450px-Soyuz-21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2656" data-file-height="1312" /></a></span><div>Boris Volynov (vlevo) a Vitalij Žolobov na sovětské poštovní známce</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Datum narození</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/18._prosinec" title="18. prosinec">18. prosince</a> <a href="/wiki/1934" title="1934">1934</a> (89 let)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Místo narození</th><td><a href="/wiki/Irkutsk" title="Irkutsk">Irkutsk</a><br /><span style="display:none">Sovětský svaz</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sov%C4%9Btsk%C3%BD_svaz" title="Sovětský svaz"><img alt="Sovětský svaz" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sov%C4%9Btsk%C3%BD_svaz" title="Sovětský svaz">Sovětský svaz</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Předchozí<br />zaměstnání</th><td><a href="/wiki/In%C5%BEen%C3%BDr" title="Inženýr">inženýr</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Hodnost</th><td><a href="/wiki/Plukovn%C3%ADk" title="Plukovník">plukovník</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Čas ve vesmíru</th><td>52d 07h 17m</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Kosmonaut od</th><td>1960</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Mise</th><td><a href="/wiki/Sojuz_5_(kosmick%C3%A1_lo%C4%8F)" title="Sojuz 5 (kosmická loď)">Sojuz 5</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sojuz_21" title="Sojuz 21">Sojuz 21</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Kosmonaut do</th><td>1982</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:smaller">Některá data mohou pocházet z <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448538" class="extiw" title="d:Q448538">datové položky</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Boris Valentinovič Volynov</b>, <a href="/wiki/Ru%C5%A1tina" title="Ruština">rusky</a> <span class="cizojazycne" lang="ru" title="ruština">Волынов, Борис Валентинович</span>, (* <a href="/wiki/18._prosinec" title="18. prosinec">18. prosince</a> <a href="/wiki/1934" title="1934">1934</a> <a href="/wiki/Irkutsk" title="Irkutsk">Irkutsk</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Encyklopedie_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyklopedie-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> je sovětský letec a <a href="/wiki/Kosmonaut" title="Kosmonaut">kosmonaut</a> ruské národnosti z lodí Sojuz. Po smrti <a href="/wiki/Alexej_Leonov" title="Alexej Leonov">Alexeje Leonova</a> v říjnu 2019 je posledním žijícím členem původní skupiny sovětských kosmonautů. Je také považován za prvního žida ve vesmíru.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Život"><span id=".C5.BDivot"></span>Život</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Život" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Život"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mládí_a_výcvik"><span id="Ml.C3.A1d.C3.AD_a_v.C3.BDcvik"></span>Mládí a výcvik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Mládí a výcvik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Mládí a výcvik"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Narodil se svobodné matce, která byla židovského původu. Svého otce nikdy nepoznal. Tento původ mu dost komplikoval život.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vyrůstal v hornickém městě <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prokopijevsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prokopijevsk (stránka neexistuje)">Prokopijevsk</a> v <a href="/wiki/Kuzbas" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuzbas">Kuzbasu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sny_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sny-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Matka byla lékařkou, nevlastní otec sloužil v armádě. Boris se přihlásil do leteckého učiliště, chtěl být letcem, přijali ho jen jako navigátora. Ale časem dosáhl svého snu, létal a stal se kosmonautem. Do <a href="/wiki/Hv%C4%9Bzdn%C3%A9_m%C4%9Bste%C4%8Dko" title="Hvězdné městečko">Hvězdného městečka</a> ho přijali s první skupinou. Kolega kosmonaut <a href="/wiki/German_Titov" title="German Titov">German Titov</a> jej popsal jako vysokého mladého člověka s jasnýma očima a vlnivými tmavými vlasy. Vše dělal klidně a uvážlivě, nicméně <a href="/wiki/Jurij_Gagarin" title="Jurij Gagarin">Jurij Gagarin</a> připomínal i jeho temperamentnost a výtečné znalosti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lety_do_vesmíru"><span id="Lety_do_vesm.C3.ADru"></span>Lety do vesmíru</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Lety do vesmíru" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Lety do vesmíru"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Do vesmíru se dostal roku 1969 na Sojuzu 5 společně s <a href="/wiki/Alexej_Jelisejev" title="Alexej Jelisejev">Jelisejevem</a> a <a href="/wiki/Jevgenij_Chrunov" title="Jevgenij Chrunov">Chrunovem</a>. Po spojení se <a href="/wiki/Sojuz_4" title="Sojuz 4">Sojuzem 4</a> na orbitě oba jeho partneři přestoupili ze Sojuzu 5 na Sojuz 4, na Zemi, na území <a href="/wiki/Kazachst%C3%A1n" title="Kazachstán">Kazachstánu</a> tedy přistál sám. Se čtyřmi vyraženými zuby, protože padáky nestačily loď ubrzdit. Po úspěšném letu získal první řády a vyznamenání, ale hlavně se musel přeškolit na novou techniku. Když startoval <a href="/wiki/Saljut_3" title="Saljut 3">Saljut 3</a>, byl v Řídícím středisku létání jako spojovací operátor.<sup id="cite_ref-Codr_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Codr-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Po sedmi letech letěl podruhé na Sojuzu 21 společně s kosmonautem <a href="/wiki/Vitalij_%C5%BDolobov" title="Vitalij Žolobov">Vitalijem Žolobovem</a>. Připojili se k orbitální stanici <a href="/wiki/Saljut_5" title="Saljut 5">Saljut 5</a>, kde pracovali 49 dní. Start i přistání byly stejné, jako při prvním letu.<sup class="noexcerpt" style="white-space: pre;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Ov%C4%9B%C5%99itelnost" title="Wikipedie:Ověřitelnost"><span class="doplnte-zdroj" title="Je potřeba doložit zdroj předchozího tvrzení, označeno 22. 1. 2016 21:51:42 CET">zdroj⁠?!</span></a>]</sup> Až dodatečně se přiznali k ostré hádce a ohrožení pistolí, kterou Volynov vytáhl na svého kolegu.<sup class="noexcerpt" style="white-space: pre;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Ov%C4%9B%C5%99itelnost" title="Wikipedie:Ověřitelnost"><span class="doplnte-zdroj" title="Je potřeba doložit zdroj předchozího tvrzení, označeno 22. 1. 2016 21:51:42 CET">zdroj⁠?!</span></a>]</sup> Na Zem se vrátili předčasně<sup class="noexcerpt" style="white-space: pre;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Ov%C4%9B%C5%99itelnost" title="Wikipedie:Ověřitelnost"><span class="doplnte-zdroj" title="Je potřeba doložit zdroj předchozího tvrzení, označeno 22. 1. 2016 21:51:42 CET">zdroj⁠?!</span></a>]</sup> a za trest<sup class="noexcerpt" style="white-space: pre;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Ov%C4%9B%C5%99itelnost" title="Wikipedie:Ověřitelnost"><span class="doplnte-zdroj" title="Je potřeba doložit zdroj předchozího tvrzení, označeno 22. 1. 2016 21:51:42 CET">zdroj⁠?!</span></a>]</sup> již nikdy ani jeden z nich do vesmíru neletěl.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Během dvou let strávil na oběžné dráze 52 dní. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sojuz_5_(kosmick%C3%A1_lo%C4%8F)" title="Sojuz 5 (kosmická loď)">Sojuz 5</a> (15. leden 1969 – 18. leden 1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sojuz_21" title="Sojuz 21">Sojuz 21</a> (6. červenec 1976 – 24. srpen 1976)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Po_letech">Po letech</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Po letech" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Po letech"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>V roce 1990 byl plukovníkem a toho roku byl vyřazen ze Střediska kosmonautů. Cestoval po mnoha různých konferencích a srazech kosmonautů, např. v roce 2005 byl na 21. ročníku Kosmických dní v <a href="/wiki/N%C4%9Bmecko" title="Německo">Německu</a>. Je ženatý, má dvě děti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odkazy">Odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reference">Reference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Encyklopedie-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Encyklopedie_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">VÍTEK, Antonín; LÁLA, Petr. <i>Malá encyklopedie kosmonautiky</i>. Praha: Mladá fronta, 1982. Kapitola Kosmonauti-piloti SSSR, s. 354.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitacemonografie&rft.btitle=Mal%C3%A1+encyklopedie+kosmonautiky&rft.aulast=V%C3%ADtek&rft.aufirst=Anton%C3%ADn&rft.au=L%C3%A1la%2C+Petr&rft.atitle=Kosmonauti-piloti+SSSR&rft.place=Praha&rft.pub=Mlad%C3%A1+fronta&rft.date=1982&rft.pages=354"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Boris Volynov. <i>www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org</i> [online]. [cit. 2023-09-14]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/boris-volynov">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fboris-volynov&rft.atitle=Boris+Volynov"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">SPOLEČNOST, Česká astronomická. Prosincové výročí: Boris Valentinovič Volynov. <i>ČAS</i> [online]. 2014-12-20 [cit. 2023-09-14]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.astro.cz/clanky/kosmonautika/prosincove-vyroci-boris-valentinovic-volynov.html">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=%C4%8CAS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.astro.cz%2Fclanky%2Fkosmonautika%2Fprosincove-vyroci-boris-valentinovic-volynov.html&rft.atitle=Prosincov%C3%A9+v%C3%BDro%C4%8D%C3%AD%3A+Boris+Valentinovi%C4%8D+Volynov&rft.date=2014-12-20&rft.aulast=spole%C4%8Dnost&rft.aufirst=%C4%8Cesk%C3%A1+astronomick%C3%A1"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sny-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Sny_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">CODR, Milan. <i>O kosmických dnech a nocích</i>. Praha: Práce, 1987. Kapitola Saljut 5, s. 55.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitacemonografie&rft.btitle=O+kosmick%C3%BDch+dnech+a+noc%C3%ADch&rft.aulast=Codr&rft.aufirst=Milan&rft.atitle=Saljut+5&rft.place=Praha&rft.pub=Pr%C3%A1ce&rft.date=1987&rft.pages=55"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Codr-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Codr_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">CODR, Milan. <i><a href="/wiki/Sto_hv%C4%9Bzdn%C3%BDch_kapit%C3%A1n%C5%AF" title="Sto hvězdných kapitánů">Sto hvězdných kapitánů</a></i>. Praha: Práce, 1982. Kapitola Boris Valentinovič Volynov, s. 239.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitacemonografie&rft.btitle=%5B%5BSto+hv%C4%9Bzdn%C3%BDch+kapit%C3%A1n%C5%AF%5D%5D&rft.aulast=Codr&rft.aufirst=Milan&rft.atitle=Boris+Valentinovi%C4%8D+Volynov&rft.place=Praha&rft.pub=Pr%C3%A1ce&rft.date=1982&rft.pages=239"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;"> <i>Kosmonauti se kdysi málem postříleli. Zavalení horníci naštěstí nemají zbraně</i> [online]. Technet.idnes.cz [cit. 2010-08-26]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://technet.idnes.cz/kosmonauti-se-kdysi-malem-postrileli-zavaleni-hornici-nastesti-nemaji-zbrane-1h3-/tec_technika.asp?c=A100825_202221_tec_technika_kuz">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=Kosmonauti+se+kdysi+m%C3%A1lem+post%C5%99%C3%ADleli.+Zavalen%C3%AD+horn%C3%ADci+na%C5%A1t%C4%9Bst%C3%AD+nemaj%C3%AD+zbran%C4%9B&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftechnet.idnes.cz%2Fkosmonauti-se-kdysi-malem-postrileli-zavaleni-hornici-nastesti-nemaji-zbrane-1h3-%2Ftec_technika.asp%3Fc%3DA100825_202221_tec_technika_kuz&rft.pub=Technet.idnes.cz"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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title="Portál:Kosmonautika">Kosmonautika</a> | <a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Lid%C3%A9" title="Portál:Lidé">Lidé</a> | <a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Rusko" title="Portál:Rusko">Rusko</a> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Citováno z „<a dir="ltr" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&oldid=23169092">https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boris_Volynov&oldid=23169092</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:Kategorie" title="Nápověda:Kategorie">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Sov%C4%9Bt%C5%A1t%C3%AD_kosmonauti" title="Kategorie:Sovětští kosmonauti">Sovětští kosmonauti</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Ru%C5%A1t%C3%AD_kosmonauti" 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roce 1934</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Narozen%C3%AD_18._prosince" title="Kategorie:Narození 18. prosince">Narození 18. prosince</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Narozen%C3%AD_v_Irkutsku" title="Kategorie:Narození v Irkutsku">Narození v Irkutsku</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skryté kategorie: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:%C3%9Adr%C5%BEba:Fakta_k_ov%C4%9B%C5%99en%C3%AD" title="Kategorie:Údržba:Fakta k ověření">Údržba:Fakta k ověření</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_ISNI" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem ISNI">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem ISNI</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_LCCN" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem LCCN">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_LNB" 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