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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" dir="ltr" lang="en-US"> <head profile="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"><script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=7YQSqjSh" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://www.stemcellsresearch.net:80/","20090725055755","https://web.archive.org/","web","https://web-static.archive.org/_static/", "1248501475"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=p7PEIJWi" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <title>Stem Cells Research </title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755cs_/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/wp-content/themes/default/style.css" type="text/css" media="screen"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Stem Cells Research RSS Feed" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/feed/"/> <link rel="pingback" href="http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/xmlrpc.php"/> <style type="text/css" media="screen"> </style> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/xmlrpc.php?rsd"/> <link rel="wlwmanifest" type="application/wlwmanifest+xml" href="http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/wp-includes/wlwmanifest.xml"/> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 2.7.1"/> </head> <body> <div id="page"> <div id="header"> <div id="headerimg"> <a href="/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/"><img src="/web/20090725055755im_/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/logo.png" alt="" border="0"></a> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755js_/http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </div> </div> <hr/> <div id="content" class="narrowcolumn"> <div class="post" id="post-44"> <h2><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/how-can-stem-cell-research-affect-us/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to How Can Stem Cell Research affect us?">How Can Stem Cell Research affect us?</a></h2> <div class="entry"> <p>If you or any of your relative is suffering from deadly diseases such as Parkinson’s, cancer, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s or any other, then these small cells-could be a matter of life and death for you! It has been shown that the stem cells are capable of differentiating into specialized cells or organs of the body as well renewing or repairing any damage which has occurred in the tissues or organs of the body! Hence, you can see for yourself that these stem cells have a life-saving potential.</p> <p>Stem cells are of two types and both of them have enormous potential in their own. These are embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. The embryonic stem cells are derived from the blastocyst or the inner mass of the embryos, after fertilization has occurred whereas the adult stem cells are already present within the specialized tissues/organs, and multiply by mitotic division for replenishing dying cells and regenerating damaged tissues. Adult stem cells have been found to have a much longer track record in treatments, in comparison to the embryonic stem cells and are not controversial as they do not result in the destruction of embryos.</p> <p>Stem cells are derived from blastocyst and can give rise to specialized cells in the body- for example, a blank cell can become a specialized cell if it attaches to the blood stream or if you have an injury in your spinal cord, then it can become a nerve, cartilage or motor cell. So, a stem cell can take any shape or form, depending on the requirements of the body. Hence, they are of immense importance in carrying organ transplants or treating deadly diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s.</p> <p>Generally, if an organ transplant is required for a person, then it is very difficult to obtain a fresh piece of organ. But if the stem cells are controlled and manipulated properly, then they will grow into a specialized organ and will serve as a potential supply for organ transplant. Moreover, as these cells are able to renew or repair the damaged tissues, so can be used for replacing the cells lost in injuries or accidents. For example in Parkinson’s disease, the brain cells are lost or damaged, and hence a person is not able to co-ordinate his/her muscle movements and looses memory. But if you can add new cells in place of the dead ones, then the person will be able to live normally. So, think of the potential that this small cell has!</p> <p>Hence, stem cell research can really affect everybody’s life. If you support this research, then you may be able to save your friend or relative from having an untimely death!</p> </div> </div> <div class="post" id="post-41"> <h2><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/embryonic-stem-cell-research/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Embryonic Stem Cell Research">Embryonic Stem Cell Research</a></h2> <div class="entry"> <p>Embryonic stem cell research has gained a huge momentum these days because of its’ potential to cure deadly diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson, type 1 diabetes, spinal cord injuries, stroke, bone diseases, multiple sclerosis, cancer and much more! However many people argue that the embryonic stem cell research is not ethical and therefore, should be stopped. Even though this debate continues to grow, we simply cannot undermine the immense potential which this research holds!</p> <p>Let me tell, you something about Embryonic stem cells. Basically, embryonic stem cells are stem cells that have been derived from the inner cell mass of an early stage embryo, also known as blastocyst, which forms after 4-5 days post fertilization. These cells are considered special because they have the ability to differentiate into organized tissue, organs or cells of the body. This means that the embryonic stem cells have the capability to give rise to different organs or tissues of an organism such as liver, brain, kidney etc.</p> <p>Since these cells are plutripotent, so they can be used to replace or treat a malfunctioning or dying organism. Apart from treating deadly diseases, embryonic stem cells are also being used for understanding the process of aging and helping the scientists to find out about the enzymes involved in the process of aging. By blocking these enzymes, we can certainly slower the phenomenon of aging.<br/> The stem cells and umbilical cord cells have also been used for treating leukemia and lymphoma patients. So, you can see that stem cells have a lot of potential in making the world free of diseases!</p> <p>However, the opponents do not favor this research on ethical grounds. It is because the embryonic stem cells are taken or derived from early stage embryos- which is regarded as the death of life! The pro-life and religious groups say that an embryo represents human life and if the embryonic stem cells are taken out, then it is equivalent to murdering a human life. The religious groups also point out that many fetuses and embryos are being aborted because of this on-going research. Currently, there are several sources of embryos, including unwanted embryos and fertility clinics- which have hundreds of frozen embryos. It has been said that it is against the ethical laws to kill any innocent human being intentionally- even if it benefits the entire human community!</p> <p>Well, these are some of the points in favor of and against the stem cell research Stem cell research is really beneficial and it is important that we focus on the benefits rather than considering the negatives!</p> </div> </div> <div class="post" id="post-38"> <h2><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/adult-stem-cell-research/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Adult Stem Cell Research">Adult Stem Cell Research</a></h2> <div class="entry"> <p>Before going further into the article, let me give you some information about stem cells. Stem cells are found in all multi-cellular organisms and are categorized as undifferentiated cells-meaning that they have the potential to develop into various specialized cells in the body during early development of an organism. Stem cells have the capacity to differentiate into specialized cells/organs such as kidney, liver, lungs, heart etc- and hence are of primary importance to human beings.</p> <p>Stem cells have two special properties- firstly; they are unspecialized cells, having the ability to renew themselves through cell division and secondly, under certain experimental conditions they can be induced to become tissue or organ specific cells with specialized functions. Stem cells are basically of two types- embryonic stem cells or adult stem cells. The embryonic stem cells are derived from the early morula stage embryos or the inner cell mass of the blastocyst. On the other hand, the adult stem cells are undifferentiated stem cells that are found among differentiated tissues/organs and multiply be cell division to repair/renew the tissues in which they are present.</p> <p>Adult Stem cells are found in various organs such as brain, bone marrow, peripheral blood, blood vessels, heart, gut, skin, teeth, skeletal muscle, liver etc. The research on adult stem cells has aggravated lots of excitement and debate amongst the scientists all over the world. Scientists have found out that lots of adult stem cells are present in structured tissues and organs- which is an indication of the fact that these cells can be used for transplants or can be induced to grow into specialized cells. However, one of the major drawbacks in using adult stem cells is that they are often restricted to certain types of lineages-meaning that the adult stem cell of a particular lineage will not be able to divide into different type of lineage!</p> <p>In spite of the above drawback, the adult stem cells have been used for several years for successfully treating leukemia and related bone/blood cancers. The use of adult stem cells has not been considered controversial so far because unlike the embryonic stem cells (which are derived from the embryo), they are derived form the adult organs-and it does not require the destruction of the embryo.</p> <p>The first successful example of using adult stem cells for transplant was carried by Paolo Macchiarini, at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, on a Columbian adult female whose trachea had been distorted due to tuberculosis. The entire procedure of carrying out the transplant occurred normally and the tissue exhibited no signs of rejection, even after months of transplant.</p> <p>Adult stem cells are very valuable and a lot of research is still going on to find out the other applications or uses of these cells. Adult stem cells have numerous potential and if the information is decoded wisely, then soon we will have a world free of diseases!</p> </div> </div> <div class="post" id="post-36"> <h2><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/genome/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Genome">Genome</a></h2> <div class="entry"> <p>In biology the genome of the organism is the whole hereditary information of an organism that is encoded in the DNA or of some RNA viruses. You must note that this include both the gene and the non-coding sequence. In other words one can say that the genome is the complete description of the DNA sequence. It is the Genome which really defines the DNA sequence.</p> <p>With the admission of the bio technology I must say that the whole concepts in the medicinal world are really changing. This is just like the invention of the atomic number. You must remember how the domination of the atomic mass was over shadowed by the atomic number.</p> <p>The genome is also quiet similar to it. I must really feel that the genome is one of the most important aspects ever since the biotechnology has been introduced. You must have heard about the human genome project.</p> <p>I would definitely like to add the human genome project in the conversation. I do feel that you too must be feeling very eager to know about the human genome project. This project started in the year 1990 under the custody of James D. Watson. The main target was to really get the detail of the DNA sequence of the human body. But at first the experiments was carried on animals like fruit fly and the laboratory mouse.</p> <p>Many experiments were carried out and many genomes or the gene sequence were registered. Ever since the time the genome project has started the genome project team has really come up with some of the great results and this has revolutionized the field of biotechnology.</p> <p>It is being attempted to find out the proper gene sequence of the human being and what gene sequence from the particular organ. There is really an attempt to develop those gene sequences in the laboratory.</p> <p>Almost all the goals of the human genome projects have really been fulfilled and I must say that the projects have finished much before the projected time. You should know that at first the project members really decided to find the sequence of the 95 % of the DNA in the human body. I must say that not only they were able to finish the project in less time but you should also note that they were able to find the sequence of almost 99 % of the gene sequence. This was really something which was really not thought of.</p> <p>No body really had an idea that the genome project team will come up with such a great results. But it really happened and we are really on the verge to make a human clone quiet soon and I do feel that this will be a tremendous achievement in the field of medical science.</p> </div> </div> <div class="post" id="post-33"> <h2><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/mesenchymal-stem-cell/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Mesenchymal Stem Cell">Mesenchymal Stem Cell</a></h2> <div class="entry"> <p>Mesochymal stem cells are the multi potent stem cells that can be differentiated into variety of cell types. The cell types into which the MSC has been differentiated are as follows: osteoblast, chondrocytes, myocytes, adipocytes, and as described lately as beta pancreatic islets cells. However in the vivo results are now thought of as the misinterpretation of the spontaneous cell fusion between the damaged neuron a mesochymal cell present in the brain.</p> <p>While the terms Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Marrow Stromal Cell have been used interchangeably, neither term is sufficiently descriptive as discussed below:</p> <ol> <li>Mesenchyme is embryonic connective tissue that is derived from the mesoderm and that differentiates into hematopoietic and connective tissue, whereas MSCs do not differentiate into hematopoietic cells.</li> <li>Stromal cells are connective tissue cells that form the supportive structure in which the functional cells of the tissue reside. While this is an accurate description for one function of MSCs, the term fails to convey the relatively recently-discovered roles of MSCs in repair of tissue.</li> <li>Because the cells, called MSCs by many labs today, can encompass multi potent cells derived from other non-marrow tissues, such as adult muscle or the dental pulp of deciduous baby teeth, yet do not have the capacity to reconstitute an entire organ, the term Multi potent Stromal Cell has been proposed as a better replacement.</li> </ol> <p><strong>History</strong><br/> The scientists first described the clonal nature of the marrow cells in the year 1960. Subsequent experimentation revealed the plasticity of marrow cells and how their fate could be determined by environmental cues. Culturing marrow cells in the presence of the osteogenic stimuli such as ascorbic acid, inorganic phosphate, dexamethasone can promote the differentiation into osteoblast.</p> <p><strong>Characteristic</strong><br/> There are many characteristic of the mesenchymal cells. Some of them are as follows:</p> <p><strong>1. Morphology</strong><br/> Mesenchymal cells are really characterized morphologically by a small cell body with a few cell processes that are long and thin. As far as the cell structure is concerned I must say that the cell contains large round nucleus with which is surrounded by the chromatin particles giving it a clear appearance. The remaining part of the cell contains the mitochondria, Golgi body, rough endoplastic reticulam. The cells are long and thin and are widely dispersed.</p> <p><strong>2. Detection</strong><br/> There is no test available for finding the MSC on a single cell. The MSC really cannot be detected up till now.</p> <p>However I really feel that the mesenchymal cells are quiet important for the human body and if you will not have it in the right quantity then I must tell you that you will definitely find yourself really caught by some disease or the other sooner or later.</p> </div> </div> <div class="post" id="post-30"> <h2><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/endothelium/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Endothelium">Endothelium</a></h2> <div class="entry"> <p>The endothelium is the thin layer of the cells which lines the interior surface of the blood vessels. This forms the interface between the circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall. Endothelial cell line the entire circulatory system from the cell to the smallest capillary. These cells reduce the turbulence and hence lead to the pumping of the blood to much further distance.</p> <p>The endothelial tissue is the specialized type of the epithelium tissue which is one of the four types of biological tissue in the animals. More specifically it is a simple squamous epithelium.</p> <p><strong>Terminology</strong><br/> The foundational model of the anatomy makes the distinction between the endothelial cells and the epithelial cells on the basis of which the tissues can develop from and states that the presence of the vimentin rather than the keratin filaments separate them from the epithelial cells.</p> <p>Endotheliums of the interior surface of the heart chamber are called the Endocardium. Both blood and the lymphatic capillaries are composed of the single layer of the endothelial cells called the monolayer.</p> <p><strong>Functions</strong></p> <ol> <li>Endothelial cells may be involved in many aspects of the vascular biology. Some of the functions are as follows:</li> <li>Vasoconstriction and vasodilation, and hence the control of blood pressure.</li> <li>Blood clotting (thrombosis & fibrinolysis).</li> <li>Atherosclerosis.</li> <li>Formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis).</li> <li>Inflammation.</li> <li>Barrier function - the endothelium acts as a selective barrier between the vessel lumen and surrounding tissue, controlling the passage of materials and the transit of white blood cells into and out of the bloodstream. Excessive or prolonged increases in permeability of the endothelial monolayer, as in cases of chronic inflammation, may lead to tissue oedema/swelling.</li> </ol> <p>In some organs, there are highly differentiated endothelial cells to perform specialized ‘filtering’ functions. Examples of such unique endothelial structures include the renal glomerulus and the blood-brain barrier.</p> <p><strong>The role of Endothelium</strong><br/> I do feel that you must have an idea about the cholesterol. The cholesterol really leads to the blood pressure. There is a certain increase in the blood pressure if the cholesterol is increased in the blood vessel. I really feel that the endothelium can do a lot in controlling the heart disease. It is really a very important part of the blood vessel.</p> <p>The scientists have really discovered that when the people digest the fat then the cholesterol is carried in the blood from place to place. And this really sometime increases the blood pressure. This happens because the cholesterol forms the layer above the interior wall of the blood vessels. This really stops the blood to move smoothly through the blood vessels and I must say that this really leads to the heart diseases.</p> </div> </div> <div class="post" id="post-28"> <h2><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/dendritic-cell/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Dendritic Cell">Dendritic Cell</a></h2> <div class="entry"> <p>Dendritic cells (DCs) are a kind of the immune cells and as such it forms the part of the mammalian immune system. As far as the main process is concerned I must say that its main job is to process the antigen material and current it on the surface to other cells of the immune system, thus functioning as antigen-presenting cells.</p> <p>The dendretic cells are present in the small quantities in the tissues that are in contact with the external environment which is mainly the skin and the inner lining of the stomach, lungs, nose and the intestine. We can also find them in the immature state of the blood.</p> <p>As soon as they are activated they move to the lymphoid tissues where they react with the T cell and the B cells to initiate and shape the adaptive immune response. At definite expansion stages they grow branched projections, the dendrites that give the cell its name. However, these do not have any particular relation with neurons, which also have similar appendages. Undeveloped dendritic cells are also called veiled cells, in which case they possess large cytoplasmic ‘veils’ rather than dendrites.</p> <p><strong>History</strong><br/> Dendritic cells were first described by Paul Langerhans (Langerhans cells) in the late nineteenth century. It wasn’t until 1973, on the other hand, that the term “dendritic cells” was given by Ralph M. Steinman and Zanvil A. Cohn. In 2007 Steinman has been awarded the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research for his discovery.</p> <p><strong>Types of Dendritic cells</strong><br/> There are generally two kinds of the dendritic cells. I must say that the two kind of the dendritic cells are myeloid and plasmacytoid which is also called the lymphoid.</p> <p>I would at first like to discuss the myeloid dendritic cells.</p> <p><strong>1. Myeloid dendritic cells</strong><br/> These are most similar to the monocytes. The MDC are made up of two subsets:</p> <ul> <li>The more common mDC-1, which is a major stimulator of T cells.</li> <li>The extremely rare mDC-2, which may have a function in fighting wound infection.</li> </ul> <p><strong>2. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells</strong><br/> These look like the plasma cells but have the certain characteristic of the myeloid dendritic cells.</p> <ul> <li>Characteristic of the immature dendritic cells</li> <li>High intracellular MHC II in the form of MIICs.</li> <li>Expression of CD1a.</li> <li>Active endocytosis for certain particulates and proteins; presence of FcgR and active phagocytosis.</li> <li>Deficient T cell sensitization in vitro.</li> <li>Low/absent adhesive and costimulatory molecules (CD40/54/58/80/86).</li> <li>Low/absent CD25, CD83, p55, DEC-205, 2A1antigen.</li> <li>Responsive to GM-CSF, but not M-CSF and G-CSF.</li> <li>Maturation inhibited by IL-10.</li> </ul> <p>Similarly there are some characteristic of the mature dendritic cells and I must tell you that these cells are really of great importance.</p> </div> </div> <div class="post" id="post-25"> <h2><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/beta-cell/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Beta Cell">Beta Cell</a></h2> <div class="entry"> <p>Beta cells are a type of the cell which is present in the pancreas in the areas called the islets of the langerhans. They make 65 to 80 % of the cells in the islets. The beta cells make and release insulin which is a hormone which regulates the level of the glucose in the blood. There is a baseline level of the glucose in the blood which is maintained by the liver. It can really respond quickly to spikes in the blood glucose. The response time is purely quick taking only 10 minutes.</p> <p>If we leave the insulin apart, beta cells also release C-peptide, a byproduct of insulin production, into the bloodstream in equimolar quantities. You must know that the C-peptide helps to prevent neuropathy, and also other symptoms of diabetes related to vascular deterioration. Measuring the levels of C-peptide can give a practitioner an idea of the viable beta cell mass. Hence the C-Peptide is really very important.</p> <p>The beta cells also produce the amyline which is also known as the IAPP islet amyloid polypeptide. Amyline acts as the part of the endocrine pancreas and contributes to the glycemic controls. Amyline metabolic function is really now some what characterize as the inhibiter of the appearance of the nutrients in the plasma. You can also say that it functions as the syenergic partner of the insulin. The insulin regulates the food intake for the long time and the amyline decrease the food intake for the short time.</p> <p><strong>Research</strong><br/> Much research has been done in the field of the beta cell physiology and the pathology. One of the major topics of concern is the effect of the beta cell on the diabetes. Many research scholars are really trying to find the way to cure or even control the diabetes with the help of the beta cells.<br/> One of the other major topics is the replication of the adult beta cell and also its application in diabetes. The Larry L. Hillblom Islet Research Center at UCLA is one of the leading research centers in the field, within the Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center, directed by Dr. Peter Butler.</p> <p><strong>Pathology</strong><br/> The diabetes mellitus type I is really caused by the destruction of the insulin producing beta cell by the cells of the immune systems.</p> <p>In the diabetes mellitus type II is caused by decline of the beta cells over the time and the insulin resistance really plays a large role in the disease.</p> <p>I would really say one thing and that is the research are really on and it could be very soon that we will find the permanent cure of the diabetes. This will really be a major break through in the field of medical science.</p> </div> </div> <div class="post" id="post-23"> <h2><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/somatic-cell/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Somatic Cell">Somatic Cell</a></h2> <div class="entry"> <p>Somatic cells are the body forming cells of any organism and as the meaning suggest it really forms the body of any cell. The somatic word has been taken from the Greek word soma which really means the body.聽 It is quiet different from the germline cells. Germline cells are found in the mammals and the example of the germline cells those which participate in reproduction. However here you will not have to worry about it. I really feel that we are here to talk about the somatic cells and hence we should talk about the somatic cells which are also called body cells.</p> <p>A simple use of the somatic cells can be determined as the cells which forms the body. The somatic cell contains the 46 chromosomes as 23 pairs of chromosomes. Each cell of the chromosome contains one chromosome from the father and the mother. This is really very interesting to note that the somatic cells contain twice the times the somatic cells contain the chromosomes. You should know that the somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs whereas the germilne cells contain only 23 chromosomes which is really half the number as contained by the somatic cells.</p> <p>As far as the gender of the born child is concerned you should know that it depends upon the fusion of the gernline cells. It’s really also known that the zygote contains46 chromosomes.</p> <p>As far as the other species are concerned I must tell you that they contain a much more complex structure. As far as the different species are concerned I must tell you that those species which contains chromosomes arranged in pairs are called the diploid organisms. Those species which contain single unpaired chromosomes are called the haploids. However as far as the somatic cells are concerned the chromosomes arrange themselves in four or the tetraploids or even the six or the haploids. This means that they can have the diploid or the triploid germline cells. As an example you can take the modern cultivated species of the wheat which is called the triticum aestivum L, a hexaploid species whose somatic cells contain six copy of every chromatid.</p> <p>In recent times the technique of cloning has really become very important. I do feel that you must have the idea about the cloning but the question really arises that what is really the importance of the somatic cells in the cloning process. Any retention of existing mitochondrial DNA prevents the new cell being identical. One method of doing this is called “somatic cell nuclear transfer” and involves removing the nucleus from a somatic cell, usually a skin cell.</p> <p>I really feel that now you must have got an idea that how important the somatic cells are for the human body and its comparison with the germline cells.</p> </div> </div> <div class="post" id="post-21"> <h2><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/what-are-the-unique-properties-of-all-stem-cells/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to What are the Unique Properties of all Stem Cells?">What are the Unique Properties of all Stem Cells?</a></h2> <div class="entry"> <p>Stem cells differ from the other kinds of cells in the body. There are basically three unique properties of the stem cells which are really very important. They have the capability of dividing and renewing for a long period of times. They are unspecialized and the third one is that they can give rise to the formation of the specialized cells.</p> <p>Scientists are really trying very hard to understand the two fundamental properties of the stem cells which are really related to the self renewal properties of the stem cells.聽 The two fundamental properties are as follows:</p> <ol> <li>The first point is that how can the embryonic cells proliferate for so long and this also without differentiating where as the adult stem cells cannot.</li> <li>The second point is of the fact that how the stem cells can proliferate for so long and renews itself without differentiating.</li> </ol> <p>While trying to answer these questions the scientists may find the way to understand how the cell proliferation takes place during the embryonic development abnormal cell division that leads to the cancer. In fact all these studies will help the scientists grow the embryonic cells and the adult cell better in the laboratory.</p> <p>I would like to explain the two plus points of the stem cells in detail. The details with the description are as below:</p> <p><strong>1. Stem cells are unspecialized and can develop specialized cells</strong><br/> One of the fundamental properties of a stem cell is that it does not have any tissue-specific structures that allow it to perform specialized functions. A stem cell cannot work with its neighbors to pump blood through the body (like a heart muscle cell); it cannot carry molecules of oxygen through the bloodstream (like a red blood cell); and it cannot fire electrochemical signals to other cells that allow the body to move or speak (like a nerve cell). However, unspecialized stem cells can give rise to specialized cells, including heart muscle cells, blood cells, or nerve cells.</p> <p><strong>2. Stem cells can divide and renew itself on it own</strong><br/> Unlike muscle cells, blood cells, or nerve cells-which do not normally replicate themselves-stem cells may replicate many times. When cells replicate themselves many times over it is called proliferation. A starting population of stem cells that proliferates for many months in the laboratory can yield millions of cells. If the resulting cells continue to be unspecialized, like the parent stem cells, the cells are said to be capable of long-term self-renewal.</p> <p>I really feel that these are some points which just reveal one point and that is the research on the stem cells can come out to be a major milestone in the field of medicine. We all know that the bio technology has really been a milestone in the field of medicinal world. And the research topics can really be more than a milestone.</p> </div> </div> <div class="navigation"> <div class="alignleft"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/page/2/">« Older Entries</a></div> <div class="alignright"></div> </div> </div> <div id="sidebar"> <ul> <li id="recent-posts" class="widget widget_recent_entries"> <h2 class="widgettitle">Related Information</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/how-can-stem-cell-research-affect-us/">How Can Stem Cell Research affect us? </a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/embryonic-stem-cell-research/">Embryonic Stem Cell Research </a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/adult-stem-cell-research/">Adult Stem Cell Research </a></li> <li><a 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style="font-size: 8pt;">terminology</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/tag/type-of-screening/" class="tag-link-17" title="1 topic" rel="tag" style="font-size: 8pt;">type of screening</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/tag/types-of-dendritic-cells/" class="tag-link-34" title="1 topic" rel="tag" style="font-size: 8pt;">types of dendritic cells</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/tag/unique-properties-of-all-stem-cells/" class="tag-link-25" title="1 topic" rel="tag" style="font-size: 8pt;">unique properties of all stem cells</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/tag/what-are-stem-cells/" class="tag-link-6" title="1 topic" rel="tag" style="font-size: 8pt;">what are stem cells</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/tag/where-are-they-found/" class="tag-link-23" title="1 topic" rel="tag" style="font-size: 8pt;">where are they found</a></li> </ul> </div> <hr/> <div id="footer">  <p> (C) <a href="/web/20090725055755/http://www.stemcellsresearch.net/">Stem Cells Research</a> 2005-2009 </p> </div> </div>  </body> </html>