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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boxer_Rebellion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Boxer Rebellion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boxer_Rebellion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle 20th century subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-United_States_occupation_of_Veracruz,_1914" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States_occupation_of_Veracruz,_1914"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>United States occupation of Veracruz, 1914</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States_occupation_of_Veracruz,_1914-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Invasion_and_occupation_of_Haiti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Invasion_and_occupation_of_Haiti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Invasion and occupation of Haiti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Invasion_and_occupation_of_Haiti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Occupation_of_the_Dominican_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Occupation_of_the_Dominican_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Occupation of the Dominican Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul 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vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the recipients of the U.S. medal. 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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks collapsible"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:lightsteelblue;padding-top:0.8em;padding-left:3.75em;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal;"><span style="font-size:150%;"><a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor" title="Medal of Honor">Medal of Honor</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Medalsofhonor2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Three medals, side by side, consisting of an inverted 5-pointed star hanging from a light blue ribbon with 13 white stars in the center. Left medal has a laurel wreath around the star and an eagle emblem above the star; central medal has an anchor emblem attaching the medal to the ribbon; rightmost medal has a laurel wreath around the star and an emblem with wings, lightning bolts and the word "VALOR" connecting the medal to the ribbon." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Medalsofhonor2.jpg/170px-Medalsofhonor2.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Medalsofhonor2.jpg/255px-Medalsofhonor2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Medalsofhonor2.jpg/340px-Medalsofhonor2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="340" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em;;padding-top:0.4em;font-size:110%;"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">All recipients</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:gainsboro;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Civil_War_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients">American Civil War</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <dl><dd><i>By surname</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Civil_War_Medal_of_Honor_recipients:_A%E2%80%93F" title="List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: A–F">A–F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Civil_War_Medal_of_Honor_recipients:_G%E2%80%93L" title="List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: G–L">G–L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Civil_War_Medal_of_Honor_recipients:_M%E2%80%93P" title="List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: M–P">M–P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Civil_War_Medal_of_Honor_recipients:_Q%E2%80%93S" title="List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: Q–S">Q–S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Civil_War_Medal_of_Honor_recipients:_T%E2%80%93Z" title="List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: T–Z">T–Z</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>By battle</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Gettysburg_Campaign" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Gettysburg Campaign">Gettysburg Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Battle_of_the_Wilderness" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Battle of the Wilderness">Battle of the Wilderness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Third_Battle_of_Winchester" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Third Battle of Winchester">Third Battle of Winchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Battle_of_Cedar_Creek" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Battle of Cedar Creek">Battle of Cedar Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Second_Battle_of_Fort_Fisher" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Second Battle of Fort Fisher">Second Battle of Fort Fisher</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Others</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_from_the_1st_West_Virginia_Cavalry" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients from the 1st West Virginia Cavalry">1st West Virginia Cavalry Regiment</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:gainsboro;"> Other wars and conflicts</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Indian_Wars" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Indian Wars">Indian Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine%E2%80%93American_War_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of Philippine–American War Medal of Honor recipients">Philippine–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Boxer_Rebellion" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Boxer Rebellion">Boxer Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_(Veracruz)" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients (Veracruz)">Veracruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_World_War_I" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War I">World War I</a></li></ul> <ul><li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_World_War_II" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II">World War II</a><br /> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Battle_of_Iwo_Jima" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Battle of Iwo Jima">Battle of Iwo Jima</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Attack on Pearl Harbor">Pearl Harbor</a></span></li></ul></div></li></ul> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Korean_War_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of Korean War Medal of Honor recipients">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Vietnam_War" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_post-Vietnam_War_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of post-Vietnam War Medal of Honor recipients">Post-Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_in_non-combat_incidents" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients in non-combat incidents">Non-combat</a></li></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:gainsboro;"> By ethnic group</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of African-American Medal of Honor recipients">African American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_Pacific_American_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of Asian Pacific American Medal of Honor recipients">Asian American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hispanic_and_Latino_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hispanic and Latino Medal of Honor recipients">Hispanic and Latino American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish-American_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of Irish-American Medal of Honor recipients">Irish American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian-American_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of Italian-American Medal of Honor recipients">Italian American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of Jewish Medal of Honor recipients">Jewish American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Native_American_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of Native American Medal of Honor recipients">Native American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish-American_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of Polish-American Medal of Honor recipients">Polish-American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Puerto_Rican_recipients_of_the_Medal_of_Honor" title="List of Puerto Rican recipients of the Medal of Honor">Puerto Rican</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:gainsboro;"> By other criteria</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_foreign-born_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of foreign-born Medal of Honor recipients">Foreign-born</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_educated_at_the_United_States_Military_Academy" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients educated at the United States Military Academy">Military Academy alumni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_educated_at_the_United_States_Naval_Academy" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients educated at the United States Naval Academy">Naval Academy alumni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffany_Cross_Medal_of_Honor" title="Tiffany Cross Medal of Honor">Tiffany Cross</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="Template:Medal of Honor recipients"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="Template talk:Medal of Honor recipients"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Medal of Honor recipients"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor" title="Medal of Honor">Medal of Honor</a> was created during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> and is the highest military decoration presented by the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> government to a member of its armed forces.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recipients must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own lives above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the nature of this medal, it is commonly presented <a href="/wiki/Posthumous_recognition" class="mw-redirect" title="Posthumous recognition">posthumously</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHW_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHW-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a>, in the name of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a>, has awarded more than 3,520 Medals of Honor, including 19 second awards to the nation's soldiers, sailors, airmen, marines, and coast guardsmen since the decoration's creation in 1861.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The citations highlighting acts of gallantry that received the Medal of Honor have been and continue to be regularly released by book publishers. After the Second World War, both the Army and Navy produced hardbound Medal of Honor compilations.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1964 and 1979, the United States Senate Subcommittee on Veterans' Affairs of the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare and later the Committee on Veterans' Affairs produced a number of consolidated compilations of all Medal of Honor citations to date.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additions and changes to the list of recipients of the medal since 1979 have been regularly published by the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service" title="Congressional Research Service">Congressional Research Service</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first Army Medal of Honor was awarded to Private <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Parrott" title="Jacob Parrott">Jacob Parrott</a> during the American Civil War for his role in the <a href="/wiki/Great_Locomotive_Chase" title="Great Locomotive Chase">Great Locomotive Chase</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bernard_John_Dowling_Irwin" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard John Dowling Irwin">Bernard John Dowling Irwin</a> was the first (chronologically by action) <a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor" title="Medal of Honor">Medal of Honor</a> recipient during the <a href="/wiki/Apache_Wars" title="Apache Wars">Apache Wars</a>. His actions on February 13, 1861, are the earliest for which the Medal of Honor was awarded.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first African American recipient for this award was <a href="/wiki/Robert_Blake_(Medal_of_Honor)" title="Robert Blake (Medal of Honor)">Robert Blake</a>, who manned his post during a naval engagement against infantry while under heavy fire (<a href="/wiki/William_Harvey_Carney" title="William Harvey Carney">William Harvey Carney</a> is commonly and erroneously cited as the first African-American to receive a medal because his actions in combat did precede those of the other African-American recipients, although his physical medal was not presented until 1900). The only female Medal of Honor recipient is <a href="/wiki/Mary_Edwards_Walker" title="Mary Edwards Walker">Mary Edwards Walker</a>, a Civil War surgeon. Her medal was rescinded in 1917 along with many other non-combat awards, but it was restored by President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> in 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-walker_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walker-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While current law, (<a href="/wiki/Title_10_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 10 of the United States Code">10 U.S.C.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/10/6241">§ 6241</a>), beginning in 1918, explicitly states that recipients must be serving in the U.S. Armed Forces at the time of performing a valorous act that warrants the award, exceptions have been made. Notably, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a>, while a reserve member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps" title="United States Army Air Corps">U.S. Army Air Corps</a>, received his Medal of Honor as a civilian pilot. Although Medals of Honor can only be awarded to members of the U.S. Armed Forces, being a U.S. citizen is not a prerequisite for eligibility to receive the medal. Sixty-one <a href="/wiki/Canadians" title="Canadians">Canadians</a> who were serving in the United States Armed Forces have received the Medal of Honor; most received it for actions in the American Civil War. Since 1900, only four have been awarded to Canadians.<sup id="cite_ref-cbc_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbc-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Vietnam War, <a href="/wiki/Peter_C._Lemon" title="Peter C. Lemon">Peter C. Lemon</a> was the only Canadian-born recipient of the Medal of Honor. However, he was a U.S. citizen.<sup id="cite_ref-vwam_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vwam-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="19th_century">19th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_Civil_War">American Civil War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: American Civil War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Civil_War_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients">List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> (1861–1865) was a war between the United States (the <a href="/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" title="Union (American Civil War)">Union</a>) and the Southern states of the newly formed <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a> under <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Davis" title="Jefferson Davis">Jefferson Davis</a>. The Medal of Honor was established during this conflict; 1523 were awarded (33 posthumously) for acts of bravery and gallantry in combat.<sup id="cite_ref-mohhsus.com_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mohhsus.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most awards were granted after the end of the Civil War with two late awards to <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson_Smith_(Medal_of_Honor)" title="Andrew Jackson Smith (Medal of Honor)">Andrew Jackson Smith</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alonzo_Cushing" title="Alonzo Cushing">Alonzo Cushing</a> in 2001 and 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indian_Wars">Indian Wars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Indian Wars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Indian_Wars" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Indian Wars">List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Indian Wars</a></div> <p>The term <a href="/wiki/Indian_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Wars">Indian Wars</a> is the name generally used in the United States to describe a series of conflicts between colonial or federal governments and the American Indian population resident in North America before the arrival of settlers.<sup id="cite_ref-Indianwars_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indianwars-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this conflict the Medal of Honor was presented to 426 soldiers, 13 posthumously for acts of bravery and gallantry in combat.<sup id="cite_ref-mohhsus.com_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mohhsus.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Korean_Expedition">Korean Expedition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Korean Expedition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Korean_Expedition" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean Expedition">United States expedition to Korea</a> in 1871, also known as <i>Shinmiyangyo </i> (<i>Western Disturbance of the Shinmi (1871) year</i>), was the first American military action in Korea. It took place predominantly on and around the Korean island of <a href="/wiki/Ganghwa_Island" title="Ganghwa Island">Ganghwa</a>. The reason for the presence of the American military expeditionary force in Korea was to support an American diplomatic delegation sent to establish trade and diplomatic relations with Korea and to ascertain the fate of the <a href="/wiki/General_Sherman_incident" title="General Sherman incident"><i>General Sherman</i> merchant ship</a>. The isolationist nature of the <a href="/wiki/Joseon_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseon Dynasty">Joseon Dynasty</a> government and the assertiveness of the Americans led to an armed conflict between the two parties. Eventually, the United States failed to secure its objectives.<sup id="cite_ref-Koreanexp_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Koreanexp-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="width:98%;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Image </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Service </th> <th>Rank </th> <th>Place of action </th> <th>Date of action </th> <th>Unit </th> <th class="unsortable">Notes<sup id="cite_ref-koreanexp_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-koreanexp-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Andrews, John"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/John_Andrews_(Medal_of_Honor)" title="John Andrews (Medal of Honor)">John Andrews</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-2 !"><a href="/wiki/Ordinary_Seaman_(rating)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordinary Seaman (rating)">Ordinary Seaman</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="USS Benicia !">aboard <a href="/wiki/USS_Benicia_(1868)" title="USS Benicia (1868)">USS <i>Benicia</i></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-09-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jun 9, 1871</span></span> – <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-10-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jun 10, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Benicia_(1868)" title="USS Benicia (1868)">USS <i>Benicia</i></a> </td> <td>Stood on the gunwale on the Benicia's launch, lashed to the ridgerope and remained unflinchingly in this dangerous position and gave his soundings with coolness and accuracy under a heavy fire. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1871sujagi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Two soldiers with rifles and one man in a sailor suit standing on a ship deck in front of a large flag." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/1871sujagi.jpg/100px-1871sujagi.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/1871sujagi.jpg/150px-1871sujagi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/1871sujagi.jpg/200px-1871sujagi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="424" data-file-height="570" /></a></span> (Brown at right) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Brown, Charles"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Brown_(Medal_of_Honor,_1872)" title="Charles Brown (Medal of Honor, 1872)">Charles Brown</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-4 !"><a href="/wiki/Corporal#United_States" title="Corporal">Corporal</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="USS Colorado !">aboard <a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 11, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a> </td> <td>Assisted in capturing the Korean flag from the citadel of the fort </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Coleman, John"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/John_Coleman_(Medal_of_Honor)" title="John Coleman (Medal of Honor)">John Coleman</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-1 !"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="USS Colorado !">aboard <a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 11, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a> </td> <td>For hand-to-hand combat and saving the life of Alexander McKenzie </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Dougherty, James"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/James_Dougherty_(Medal_of_Honor)" title="James Dougherty (Medal of Honor)">James Dougherty</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-1 !"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="USS Benicia !">aboard <a href="/wiki/USS_Benicia_(1868)" title="USS Benicia (1868)">USS <i>Benicia</i></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 11, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Benicia_(1868)" title="USS Benicia (1868)">USS <i>Benicia</i></a> </td> <td>Returned to duty after being wounded several times </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Franklin, Frederick"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Franklin" title="Frederick Franklin">Frederick Franklin</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-4 !"><a href="/wiki/Quartermaster" title="Quartermaster">Quartermaster</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="USS Colorado !">aboard <a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 11, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a> </td> <td>For assuming command of Company D, after <a href="/wiki/Hugh_McKee" title="Hugh McKee">Lt. McKee</a> was wounded, and handling the company until relieved </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Grace, Patrick H."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_H._Grace" title="Patrick H. Grace">Patrick H. Grace</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-7 !"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Petty_Officer#United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Petty Officer">Chief</a> <a href="/wiki/Quartermaster" title="Quartermaster">Quartermaster</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="USS Benicia !">aboard <a href="/wiki/USS_Benicia_(1868)" title="USS Benicia (1868)">USS <i>Benicia</i></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-10-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jun 10, 1871</span></span> – <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jun 11, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Benicia_(1868)" title="USS Benicia (1868)">USS <i>Benicia</i></a> </td> <td>Carrying out his duties with coolness, Grace set forth gallant and meritorious conduct throughout this action </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1871sujagi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Two soldiers with rifles and one man in a sailor suit standing on a ship deck in front of a large flag." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/1871sujagi.jpg/100px-1871sujagi.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/1871sujagi.jpg/150px-1871sujagi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/1871sujagi.jpg/200px-1871sujagi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="424" data-file-height="570" /></a></span> (Hayden at left) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Hayden, Cyrus"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Hayden" title="Cyrus Hayden">Cyrus Hayden</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="N-1 !"><a href="/wiki/Carpenter" class="mw-redirect" title="Carpenter">Carpenter</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="USS Colorado !">aboard <a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 11, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a> </td> <td>Serving as color bearer of the battalion, Hayden planted his flag and protected it under heavy fire </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_F_Lukes_(framed).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Head and shoulders of an otherwise-cleancut man with an enormous mustache, in circa-1900 formal dress." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/William_F_Lukes_%28framed%29.jpg/100px-William_F_Lukes_%28framed%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/William_F_Lukes_%28framed%29.jpg/150px-William_F_Lukes_%28framed%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/William_F_Lukes_%28framed%29.jpg/200px-William_F_Lukes_%28framed%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="412" data-file-height="503" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Lukes, William F."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/William_F._Lukes" title="William F. Lukes">William F. Lukes</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-1 !"><a href="/wiki/Landman_(rank)" class="mw-redirect" title="Landman (rank)">Landsman</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ganghwa_Island" title="Ganghwa Island">Ganghwa Island</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-09-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jun 9, 1871</span></span> – <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-10-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jun 10, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a> </td> <td>Fighting the enemy inside the fort, Lukes received a severe cut over the head </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="McKenzie, Alexander"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_McKenzie_(Medal_of_Honor)" title="Alexander McKenzie (Medal of Honor)">Alexander McKenzie</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-6 !"><a href="/wiki/Boatswain%27s_Mate_(United_States_Navy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boatswain's Mate (United States Navy)">Boatswain's Mate</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="USS Colorado !">aboard <a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 11, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a> </td> <td>Fighting at the side of Lt. McKee during this action, McKenzie was struck by a sword and received a severe cut in the head from the blow. </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="McNamara, Michael"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Michael_McNamara_(Medal_of_Honor)" title="Michael McNamara (Medal of Honor)">Michael McNamara</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-1 !"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="USS Benicia !">aboard <a href="/wiki/USS_Benicia_(1868)" title="USS Benicia (1868)">USS <i>Benicia</i></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 11, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Benicia_(1868)" title="USS Benicia (1868)">USS <i>Benicia</i></a> </td> <td>For taking a match-lock from the hands of the enemy while advancing to the parapet </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Merton, James F."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/James_F._Merton" title="James F. Merton">James F. Merton</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-1 !"><a href="/wiki/Landman_(rank)" class="mw-redirect" title="Landman (rank)">Landsman</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ganghwa_Island" title="Ganghwa Island">Ganghwa Island</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-09-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jun 9, 1871</span></span> – <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-10-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jun 10, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a> </td> <td>Merton was severely wounded in the arm while trying to force his way into the fort </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Owens, Michael"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Owens_(Medal_of_Honor)" title="Michael Owens (Medal of Honor)">Michael Owens</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-1 !"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="USS Colorado !">aboard <a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 11, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a> </td> <td>Fighting courageously in hand-to-hand combat, Owens was badly wounded by the enemy during this action </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1871sujagi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Large foreign flag behind three 1870s soldiers or sailors on a shipdeck" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/1871sujagi.jpg/100px-1871sujagi.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/1871sujagi.jpg/150px-1871sujagi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/1871sujagi.jpg/200px-1871sujagi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="424" data-file-height="570" /></a></span> (Purvis in center) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Purvis, Hugh"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Purvis" title="Hugh Purvis">Hugh Purvis</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-1 !"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="USS Alaska !">aboard <a href="/wiki/USS_Alaska_(1868)" title="USS Alaska (1868)">USS <i>Alaska</i></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 11, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Alaska_(1868)" title="USS Alaska (1868)">USS <i>Alaska</i></a> </td> <td>Braving the enemy fire, Purvis was the first to scale the walls of the fort and capture their flag </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Rogers, Samuel F."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_F._Rogers" title="Samuel F. Rogers">Samuel F. Rogers</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-4 !"><a href="/wiki/Quartermaster" title="Quartermaster">Quartermaster</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="USS Colorado !">aboard <a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 11, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a> </td> <td>Fighting courageously at the side of Lt. McKee during this action, Rogers was wounded by the enemy </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Troy, William"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/William_Troy_(Medal_of_Honor)" title="William Troy (Medal of Honor)">William Troy</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-2 !"><a href="/wiki/Ordinary_Seaman_(rating)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordinary Seaman (rating)">Ordinary Seaman</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="USS Colorado !">aboard <a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001871-06-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 11, 1871</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Colorado_(1856)" title="USS Colorado (1856)">USS <i>Colorado</i></a> </td> <td>Fighting at the side of Lt. McKee, by whom he was especially commended, Troy was badly wounded by the enemy </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spanish–American_War"><span id="Spanish.E2.80.93American_War"></span>Spanish–American War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Spanish–American War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Spanish–American War">List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Spanish–American War</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a> (Spanish: <i>Guerra Hispano-Estadounidense</i>, <i>desastre del 98</i>, <i>Guerra Hispano-Cubana-Norteamericana</i> or <i>Guerra de Cuba</i>) was a military conflict between Spain and the United States that began in April 1898. Hostilities halted in August of that year, and the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)" title="Treaty of Paris (1898)">Treaty of Paris</a> was signed in December. The war began after the American demand for Spain's peacefully resolving the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Cuba" title="History of Cuba">Cuban fight for independence</a> was rejected, though strong <a href="/wiki/Expansionism" title="Expansionism">expansionist</a> sentiment in the United States may have motivated the government to target Spain's remaining overseas territories: <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Islands" title="Caroline Islands">Caroline Islands</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Riots in <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a> by pro-Spanish "Voluntarios" gave the United States reason to send in the warship <a href="/wiki/USS_Maine_(1889)" title="USS Maine (1889)">USS <i>Maine</i></a>. This action by the U.S. indicated high national interest. Tension among the American people was raised because of the explosion of USS <i>Maine</i>, and "<a href="/wiki/Yellow_journalism" title="Yellow journalism">yellow journalism</a>" - sensationalist reporting that exposed Spain's extensive atrocities, agitating American public opinion. The war ended after decisive naval victories for the United States in the Philippines and Cuba. The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)" title="Treaty of Paris (1898)">Treaty of Paris</a> ended the conflict 109 days after the outbreak of war giving the United States ownership of the former <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish colonies</a> of Puerto Rico, the Philippines and Guam.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 111 people received the Medal of Honor from the Spanish–American War. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Samoan_Civil_War">Samoan Civil War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Samoan Civil War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Samoan_Civil_War" title="Samoan Civil War">Samoan Civil War</a>(s) occurred in the <a href="/wiki/Samoa_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Samoa Islands">Samoa Islands</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">South Pacific</a> in the late 19th century. The Samoan Civil Wars were a series of conflicts between Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States, ending in the partitioning of the island chain in 1899. The concluding event was the <a href="/wiki/Second_Samoan_Civil_War" title="Second Samoan Civil War">Second Samoan Civil War</a>. The first Samoan Civil War lasted for eight years. The warring Samoan parties were supplied with arms, training and sometimes even combat troops by Germany, Britain and the United States. These three powers valued Samoa as a refueling station for coal fired shipping. In addition, these countries sought to gain more power in Europe and wanted Samoa due to the scarcity of unclaimed territory from 1870 onwards.<sup id="cite_ref-Samoa_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Samoa-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="width:98%;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Image </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Service </th> <th>Rank </th> <th>Place of action </th> <th>Date of action </th> <th>Unit </th> <th class="unsortable">Notes<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWSamoa_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWSamoa-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Fisher, Frederick T."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Thomas_Fisher" title="Frederick Thomas Fisher">Frederick T. Fisher</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-6 !"><a href="/wiki/Gunner%27s_Mate" class="mw-redirect" title="Gunner's Mate">Gunner's Mate</a> <a href="/wiki/Petty_Officer_First_Class" class="mw-redirect" title="Petty Officer First Class">First Class</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="USS Philadelphia !">aboard <a href="/wiki/USS_Philadelphia_(C-4)" title="USS Philadelphia (C-4)">USS <i>Philadelphia</i></a>, Samoa</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001899-04-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">April 1, 1899</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Philadelphia_(C-4)" title="USS Philadelphia (C-4)">USS <i>Philadelphia</i></a> </td> <td>For distinguishing himself by his conduct in the presence of the enemy </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Forsterer, Bruno A."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Albert_Forsterer" title="Bruno Albert Forsterer">Bruno A. Forsterer</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-5 !"><a href="/wiki/Sergeant#United_States" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a></span> </td> <td>Samoa </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001899-04-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">April 1, 1899</span></span> </td> <td>Unknown </td> <td>For distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hulbert_HL.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Top half of man in formal 1900s military dress, wearing a star-shaped medal on a ribbon around his neck." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Hulbert_HL.jpg/100px-Hulbert_HL.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Hulbert_HL.jpg/150px-Hulbert_HL.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Hulbert_HL.jpg/200px-Hulbert_HL.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1463" data-file-height="1862" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Hulbert, Henry L."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Hulbert" title="Henry L. Hulbert">Henry L. Hulbert</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-1 !"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a></span> </td> <td>Samoa </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001899-04-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">April 1, 1899</span></span> </td> <td>Unknown </td> <td>For distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy. Subsequently, awarded the <a href="/wiki/Navy_Cross" title="Navy Cross">Navy Cross</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Cross_(United_States)" title="Distinguished Service Cross (United States)">Distinguished Service Cross</a> for actions during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="McNally, Michael J."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Joseph_McNally" title="Michael Joseph McNally">Michael J. McNally</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-5 !"><a href="/wiki/Sergeant#United_States" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a></span> </td> <td>Samoa </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001899-04-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">April 1, 1899</span></span> </td> <td>Unknown </td> <td>For distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philippine-American_War">Philippine-American War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Philippine-American War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine%E2%80%93American_War_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of Philippine–American War Medal of Honor recipients">List of Philippine–American War Medal of Honor recipients</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Philippine%E2%80%93American_War" title="Philippine–American War">Philippine–American War</a><sup id="cite_ref-philamwar_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-philamwar-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was an armed military conflict between the United States and Filipino nationalists who established the “<a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">First Philippine Republic</a>”, fought between 1899 and at least 1902, which arose from a <a href="/wiki/Filipino_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Filipino people">Filipino</a> political struggle against U.S. occupation of the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>. While the conflict was officially declared over on July 4, 1902,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-agoncillo_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-agoncillo-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Past_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Past-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> American troops continued hostilities against remnants of the “<a href="/wiki/Philippine_Army" title="Philippine Army">Philippine Army</a>” and other insurgent groups until 1913, and some historians consider these unofficial mop-up operations part of the war.<sup id="cite_ref-Past_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Past-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eighty-six men were awarded the Medal of Honor for their actions in the Philippine–American War: 70 from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</a>, 10 from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a>, and 6 from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a>. Four of the awards were posthumous. Among the recipients were <a href="/wiki/Webb_Hayes" title="Webb Hayes">Webb Hayes</a>, the son of former U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Rutherford B. Hayes">Rutherford B. Hayes</a>, and two prominent Marine Corps officers, <a href="/wiki/Hiram_I._Bearss" title="Hiram I. Bearss">Hiram I. Bearss</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Dixon_Porter_(USMC)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Dixon Porter (USMC)">David Dixon Porter</a>. Bearss became known for leading long-range reconnaissance patrols behind enemy lines and was later wounded as a colonel in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. Porter was from a distinguished military family and rose to become a major general. <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_B._N%C3%ADsperos" title="José B. Nísperos">José B. Nísperos</a>, a member of the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Scouts" title="Philippine Scouts">Philippine Scouts</a> who was honored for continuing to fight after being wounded, was the first <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asian</a> recipient of the Medal of Honor.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Boxer_Rebellion">Boxer Rebellion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Boxer Rebellion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Boxer_Rebellion" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Boxer Rebellion">List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Boxer Rebellion</a></div> <p>The Boxer Movement or <a href="/wiki/Boxer_Rebellion" title="Boxer Rebellion">Boxer Rebellion</a>, which occurred in <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_China_(pre-1911)" class="mw-redirect" title="Military history of China (pre-1911)">China</a> from November 1899 to September 7, 1901, was an <a href="/wiki/Rebellion" title="Rebellion">uprising</a> by members of the Chinese <a href="/wiki/Righteous_Harmony_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Righteous Harmony Society">Society of Right and Harmonious Fists</a> against foreign influence in areas, politics, religion and technology that occurred in China during the final years of the Manchu rule (<a href="/wiki/Qing_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Qing Dynasty">Qing Dynasty</a>). The members of the <a href="/wiki/Righteous_Harmony_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Righteous Harmony Society">Society of Right and Harmonious Fists</a> were simply called <i>boxers</i> by the Westerners due to the martial arts and calisthenics they practiced. The uprising began as a xenophobic, anti-foreign, nationalist peasant-based movement in northern China. They attacked foreigners who were building railroads and supposedly violating <a href="/wiki/Feng_shui" title="Feng shui">Feng shui</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a>, who were held responsible for the foreigners in China. In June 1900, the Boxers invaded Beijing and killed 230 non-Chinese. Tens of thousands of Chinese Christians, Catholic and Protestant alike, were killed mostly in <a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a> Provinces as part of the uprising. This drew criticism from many Chinese, including Chinese Christian <a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-Sen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Yat-Sen">Sun Yat-Sen</a> (later to help overthrow the Manchu dynasty in 1911 and become first president of the Republic of China). The government of <a href="/wiki/Empress_Dowager_Cixi" title="Empress Dowager Cixi">Empress Dowager Cixi</a> was not helpful, and diplomats, foreign civilians, soldiers and some Chinese Christians retreated to the legation quarter where they held out for fifty-five days until a multinational coalition rushed 20,000 troops to their rescue. The Chinese government was forced to indemnify the victims and make many additional concessions. Subsequent reforms implemented after the crisis of 1900 laid the foundation for the end of the <a href="/wiki/Qing_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Qing Dynasty">Qing Dynasty</a> and the establishment of the modern <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%9349)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China (1912–49)">Chinese Republic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Esherick154_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Esherick154-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the Boxer rebellion, 59 American servicemen received the Medal of Honor for their actions. Four of these were for Army personnel, twenty-two went to navy sailors and the remaining thirty-three went to Marines. Harry Fisher was the first Marine to receive the medal posthumously and the only posthumous recipient for this conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWStat_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWStat-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="20th_century">20th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States_occupation_of_Veracruz,_1914"><span id="United_States_occupation_of_Veracruz.2C_1914"></span>United States occupation of Veracruz, 1914</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: United States occupation of Veracruz, 1914"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_(Veracruz)" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients (Veracruz)">List of Medal of Honor recipients (Veracruz)</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Veracruz" class="mw-redirect" title="United States occupation of Veracruz">United States occupation of the Mexican port of Veracruz</a> lasted for six months in response to the <a href="/wiki/Tampico_Affair" title="Tampico Affair">Tampico Affair</a> of April 9, 1914. The incident came in the midst of poor diplomatic relations between Mexico and the United States, related to the ongoing <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Revolution" title="Mexican Revolution">Mexican Revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-veracruz_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-veracruz-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Secretary of the Navy <a href="/wiki/Josephus_Daniels" title="Josephus Daniels">Josephus Daniels</a> ordered that 56 Medals of Honor be awarded to participants in the occupation of Veracruz, the most for any single action before or since. In total 63 Medals of Honor were received for actions during the occupation; 1 Army, 9 to members of the United States Marine Corps and 53 to Navy personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWStat_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWStat-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Invasion_and_occupation_of_Haiti">Invasion and occupation of Haiti</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Invasion and occupation of Haiti"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first <a href="/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Haiti" title="United States occupation of Haiti">United States occupation of Haiti</a> began on July 28, 1915, and ended in mid-August 1934. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="width:98%;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Portrait </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Service </th> <th>Rank </th> <th>Place of action </th> <th>Date of action </th> <th>Unit </th> <th class="unsortable">Notes<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWHaiti1_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWHaiti1-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWHait2_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWHait2-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SmedleyButler.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Head and shoulders of man in his 40s wearing a U.S. Marine uniform with ribbons, circa 1920." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/SmedleyButler.jpeg/100px-SmedleyButler.jpeg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/SmedleyButler.jpeg/150px-SmedleyButler.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/SmedleyButler.jpeg/200px-SmedleyButler.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Butler, Smedley"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Smedley_Butler" title="Smedley Butler">Smedley Butler</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="O-04 !"><a href="/wiki/Major_(United_States)" title="Major (United States)">Major</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fort_Riviere" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Riviere">Fort Riviere</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001915-11-17-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 17, 1915</span></span> </td> <td>2nd Marines </td> <td>Second award – previously awarded a Medal of Honor for action in the Mexican Campaign. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wbutton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Head and shoulders of a U.S. Marine wearing a 1920s flat-brimmed campaign hat in bright sun." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Wbutton.jpg/100px-Wbutton.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Wbutton.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="114" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Button, William R."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/William_Robert_Button" title="William Robert Button">William R. Button</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-4 !"><a href="/wiki/Corporal#United_States" title="Corporal">Corporal</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Grande Riviere, Haiti !">near Grande Riviere, <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001919-10-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 31, 1919</span></span> – <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001919-11-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Nov 1, 1919</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/7th_Marines" class="mw-redirect" title="7th Marines">7th Marines</a> </td> <td>For the assassination of rebel leader <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne_P%C3%A9ralte" title="Charlemagne Péralte">Charlemagne Péralte</a> and the routing of his followers </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DanielDaly.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Top half of a serious man in formal 1920s U.S. military dress wearing two star-shaped medals on ribbons around his neck." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/DanielDaly.jpg/100px-DanielDaly.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/DanielDaly.jpg/150px-DanielDaly.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/DanielDaly.jpg/200px-DanielDaly.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2264" data-file-height="2837" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Daly, Daniel"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Daly" title="Daniel Daly">Daniel Daly</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-7 !"><a href="/wiki/Gunnery_Sergeant" class="mw-redirect" title="Gunnery Sergeant">Gunnery Sergeant</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Fort Liberte, Haiti !">near <a href="/wiki/Fort-Libert%C3%A9" title="Fort-Liberté">Fort-Liberté</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001915-10-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 24, 1915</span></span> </td> <td>15th Company, 2nd Marines </td> <td>Second award – previously awarded a Medal of Honor for action in the Boxer Rebellion </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hanneken_HH.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Top half of man in 1920s tropical U.S. Marine uniform with flat-brimmed campaign hat." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Hanneken_HH.jpg/100px-Hanneken_HH.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Hanneken_HH.jpg/150px-Hanneken_HH.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Hanneken_HH.jpg/200px-Hanneken_HH.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1466" data-file-height="1707" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Hanneken, Herman H."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Herman_H._Hanneken" title="Herman H. Hanneken">Herman H. Hanneken</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-5 !"><a href="/wiki/Sergeant#United_States" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Grande Riviere, Haiti !">near Grande Riviere, <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001919-10-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 31, 1919</span></span> – <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001919-11-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Nov 1, 1919</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/7th_Marines" class="mw-redirect" title="7th Marines">7th Marines</a> </td> <td>For the assassination of rebel leader <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne_P%C3%A9ralte" title="Charlemagne Péralte">Charlemagne Péralte</a> and the routing of his followers </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iams_RL.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Head and shoulder of man with jutting jaw in circa 1920 U.S. Marine uniform." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Iams_RL.jpg/100px-Iams_RL.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Iams_RL.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="120" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Iams, Ross L."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Ross_Lindsey_Iams" title="Ross Lindsey Iams">Ross L. Iams</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-5 !"><a href="/wiki/Sergeant#United_States" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fort_Riviere" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Riviere">Fort Riviere</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001915-11-17-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 17, 1915</span></span> </td> <td>5th Company, 2nd Marines </td> <td>Approaching a breach in the wall which was the only entrance to the fort, Sergeant Iams unhesitatingly jumped through the breach despite constant fire from the Cacos and engaged the enemy in a desperate hand-to-hand combat until the bastion was captured and Caco resistance neutralized. </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Marguiles, Samuel"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Marguiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Marguiles">Samuel Marguiles</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-1 !"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fort_Riviere" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Riviere">Fort Riviere</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001915-11-17-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 17, 1915</span></span> </td> <td>23rd Company, 2nd Marines </td> <td>Served under the name Samuel Gross. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ostermann_EA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Side profile of head and chest of older, plump man in dress U.S. Marine uniform." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ostermann_EA.jpg/100px-Ostermann_EA.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ostermann_EA.jpg/150px-Ostermann_EA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ostermann_EA.jpg/200px-Ostermann_EA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1463" data-file-height="1886" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Ostermann, Edward A."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Albert_Ostermann" title="Edward Albert Ostermann">Edward A. Ostermann</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="O-02 !"><a href="/wiki/First_Lieutenant#United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="First Lieutenant">First Lieutenant</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Fort Liberte, Haiti !">near <a href="/wiki/Fort-Libert%C3%A9" title="Fort-Liberté">Fort-Liberté</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001915-10-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 24, 1915</span></span> </td> <td>15th Company, 2nd Marines </td> <td>In command of one of the three squads which advanced in three different directions, led his men forward, surprising and scattering the Cacos, and aiding in the capture of Fort Dipitie. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Upshur_WP.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Young man with slicked-down short hair in a circa 1915 U.S. Marine uniform with a very high collar." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Upshur_WP.jpg/100px-Upshur_WP.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Upshur_WP.jpg/150px-Upshur_WP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Upshur_WP.jpg/200px-Upshur_WP.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1445" data-file-height="1886" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Upshur, William P."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/William_P._Upshur" title="William P. Upshur">William P. Upshur</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="O-03 !"><a href="/wiki/Captain_(United_States_O-3)" title="Captain (United States O-3)">Captain</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Fort Liberte, Haiti !">near <a href="/wiki/Fort-Libert%C3%A9" title="Fort-Liberté">Fort-Liberté</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001915-10-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 24, 1915</span></span> </td> <td>15th Company, 2nd Marines </td> <td>In command of the three squads which advanced in three different directions, led his men forward, surprising and scattering the Cacos, and aiding the capture of Fort Dipitie. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Occupation_of_the_Dominican_Republic">Occupation of the Dominican Republic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Occupation of the Dominican Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The United States <a href="/wiki/1916_United_States_occupation_of_the_Dominican_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="1916 United States occupation of the Dominican Republic">occupied the Dominican Republic</a> from 1916 to 1924. In May 1917, Rear Admiral William Caperton forced Arias to leave Santo Domingo by threatening the city with naval bombardment. U.S. Marines invaded and took control of the country within two months; in November that same year, the U.S. imposed a military government. The Marines restored order throughout most of the republic (with the exception of the eastern region); the country's budget was balanced, its debt was diminished, and economic growth resumed; infrastructure projects produced new roads that linked all the country's regions for the first time in its history; a professional military organization, the Dominican Constabulary Guard, replaced the partisan forces that had waged a seemingly endless struggle for power.<sup id="cite_ref-Dominican_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dominican-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="width:98%;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Image </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Service </th> <th>Rank </th> <th>Place of action </th> <th>Date of action </th> <th>Unit </th> <th class="unsortable">Notes<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWDR_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWDR-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glowin_JA_USMC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Head and shoulders of square-jawed man in circa 1920 formal U.S. Marine uniform." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Glowin_JA_USMC.jpg/100px-Glowin_JA_USMC.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Glowin_JA_USMC.jpg/150px-Glowin_JA_USMC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Glowin_JA_USMC.jpg/200px-Glowin_JA_USMC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1621" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Glowin, Joseph A."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_A._Glowin" title="Joseph A. Glowin">Joseph A. Glowin</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-4 !"><a href="/wiki/Corporal#United_States" title="Corporal">Corporal</a></span> </td> <td>Guayacanes, <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001916-07-03-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 3, 1916</span></span> </td> <td>13th Company, Artillery Battalion, 1st Brigade </td> <td>For action against a considerable force of rebels </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ernest_C_Williams_-_Headshot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Head and shoulders of square-jawed man in circa 1920 formal U.S. Marine uniform." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Ernest_C_Williams_-_Headshot.jpg/100px-Ernest_C_Williams_-_Headshot.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Ernest_C_Williams_-_Headshot.jpg/150px-Ernest_C_Williams_-_Headshot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Ernest_C_Williams_-_Headshot.jpg/200px-Ernest_C_Williams_-_Headshot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1056" data-file-height="1770" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Williams, Ernest C."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Calvin_Williams" title="Ernest Calvin Williams">Ernest C. Williams</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="O-02 !"><a href="/wiki/First_Lieutenant#United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="First Lieutenant">First Lieutenant</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_de_Macor%C3%ADs" title="San Francisco de Macorís">San Francisco de Macorís</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001916-11-29-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 29, 1916</span></span> </td> <td>1st Brigade </td> <td>For leading the capture of a fort </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Winans_R.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Head and shoulders of man in circa 1920 U.S. Marine dress uniform, wearing a star-shaped medal hanging from a ribbon under his collar." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Winans_R.jpg/100px-Winans_R.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Winans_R.jpg/150px-Winans_R.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Winans_R.jpg/200px-Winans_R.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1457" data-file-height="1880" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Winans, Roswell"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Roswell_Winans" title="Roswell Winans">Roswell Winans</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-8 !"><a href="/wiki/First_Sergeant#United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="First Sergeant">First Sergeant</a></span> </td> <td>Guayacanes, <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001916-07-03-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 3, 1916</span></span> </td> <td>1st Brigade </td> <td>For action against a considerable force of rebels </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_I">World War I</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: World War I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_World_War_I" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War I">List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War I</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, also known as the First World War and the Great War, was a <a href="/wiki/World_war" title="World war">global</a> <a href="/wiki/War" title="War">military conflict</a> which took place primarily in Europe from 1914 to 1918. Over 40 million <a href="/wiki/World_War_I_casualties" title="World War I casualties">casualties</a> resulted, including approximately 20 million military and civilian deaths.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over 60 million European soldiers were mobilized from 1914 to 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The immediate cause of the war was the June 28, 1914 <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Archduke_Franz_Ferdinand" title="Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand">assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand</a>, heir to the <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austro-Hungarian</a> throne, by <a href="/wiki/Gavrilo_Princip" title="Gavrilo Princip">Gavrilo Princip</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Serbs" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian Serbs">Bosnian Serb</a> citizen of <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a> and member of the <a href="/wiki/Black_Hand_(Serbia)" title="Black Hand (Serbia)">Black Hand</a>. The retaliation by Austria-Hungary against Serbia activated a series of alliances that set off a <a href="/wiki/Causality" title="Causality">chain reaction</a> of war declarations. Within a month, much of Europe was in a state of open warfare.<sup id="cite_ref-Keegan_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keegan-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During this war, 126 men received the Medal of Honor for their actions, including five Marines who received both the Army and Navy versions of the medal for the same action.<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWStat_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWStat-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Occupation_of_Nicaragua">Occupation of Nicaragua</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Occupation of Nicaragua"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The United States <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Nicaragua" class="mw-redirect" title="Occupation of Nicaragua">occupied Nicaragua</a> from 1909 to 1933 and intervened in the country several times before that. The American interventions in Nicaragua were designed to prevent the construction of a trans-isthmian canal by any nation but the US and stop endless civil war. Nicaragua assumed a quasi-<a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">protectorate</a> status under the 1916 <a href="/wiki/Chamorro-Bryan_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Chamorro-Bryan Treaty">Chamorro-Bryan Treaty</a>. The occupation ended as <a href="/wiki/Augusto_C%C3%A9sar_Sandino" title="Augusto César Sandino">Augusto César Sandino</a>, a Nicaraguan insurgent, led guerrilla bands against US troops. Furthermore, the onset of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> made it costly for the US to maintain occupation.<sup id="cite_ref-Nicaragua_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nicaragua-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="width:98%;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Image </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Service </th> <th>Rank </th> <th>Place of action </th> <th>Date of action </th> <th>Unit </th> <th class="unsortable">Notes<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWNic_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWNic-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Schilt_CF_USMC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Head and shoulders of man in circa 1940 U.S. Marine khaki uniform, wearing many campaign ribbons." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Schilt_CF_USMC.jpg/100px-Schilt_CF_USMC.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Schilt_CF_USMC.jpg/150px-Schilt_CF_USMC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Schilt_CF_USMC.jpg/200px-Schilt_CF_USMC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Schilt, Christian F."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Christian_F._Schilt" title="Christian F. Schilt">Christian F. Schilt</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="O-02 !"><a href="/wiki/First_Lieutenant#United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="First Lieutenant">First Lieutenant</a></span> </td> <td>Quilali, <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001928-01-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jan 6, 1928</span></span> – <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001928-01-08-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jan 8, 1928</span></span> </td> <td>Observation Squadron 7-M </td> <td>For evacuating wounded Marines by plane while under fire </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Truesdale_DL.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Full length portrait of standing man in circa 1930 U.S. Marine dress uniform." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Truesdale_DL.jpg/100px-Truesdale_DL.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Truesdale_DL.jpg/150px-Truesdale_DL.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Truesdale_DL.jpg/200px-Truesdale_DL.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1445" data-file-height="1892" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="Truesdale, Donald L."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Leroy_Truesdale" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald Leroy Truesdale">Donald L. Truesdale</a></span></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="E-4 !"><a href="/wiki/Corporal#United_States" title="Corporal">Corporal</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Constancia !">near Constancia, near Coco River, northern <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="000000001932-04-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">April 24, 1932</span></span> </td> <td>a Guardia Nacional Patrol </td> <td>Served under the name "Truesdale" before officially changing name to "Truesdell" on 25 July 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-USMCHistDiv_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USMCHistDiv-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lost his hand while attempting to save his patrol from an accidentally activated grenade. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_World_War_II" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II">List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Battle_of_Iwo_Jima" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Battle of Iwo Jima">List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Battle of Iwo Jima</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Attack on Pearl Harbor">List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Attack on Pearl Harbor</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, or the Second World War, was a global military conflict. The conflicts joined from two separate conflicts. The first began in Asia in 1937 as the <a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Sino-Japanese War</a>; the other began in Europe in 1939 with the German and <a href="/wiki/Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact" title="Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact">Russian</a> <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Poland" title="Invasion of Poland">invasion of Poland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WWIIdesc_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WWIIdesc-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This global conflict split the <a href="/wiki/Participants_in_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Participants in World War II">majority of the world's nations</a> into two opposing military alliances: the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Axis_powers" title="Axis powers">Axis powers</a>. It involved the mobilization of over 100 million military personnel, making it the most widespread war in history, and placed the participants in a state of "<a href="/wiki/Total_war" title="Total war">total war</a>", erasing the distinction between civil and military resources. This resulted in the complete activation of a nation's economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities for the purposes of the war effort. Over <a href="/wiki/World_War_II_casualties" title="World War II casualties">60 million people</a>, the majority of them civilians, were killed, making it the deadliest conflict in <a href="/wiki/Human_history" title="Human history">human history</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The worldwide financial cost of the war is estimated at a trillion 1944 U.S. dollars,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> making it the most costly war both in capital expenditures as well as loss of lives. </p><p>During this conflict 471 United States military personnel received the Medal of Honor, 273 of them posthumously. A total of 42 Medals of Honor, representing 9% of all awarded during World War II, were presented for action in just two battles – 15 for actions during the Japanese <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">attack on Pearl Harbor</a>, and 27 for actions during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Iwo_Jima" title="Battle of Iwo Jima">Battle of Iwo Jima</a>. Also a total of 21 (4.5% of all World War II Medals of Honor) were awarded to members of the all-<a href="/wiki/Japanese_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese American">Japanese American</a> <a href="/wiki/U.S._100th_Infantry_Battalion" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. 100th Infantry Battalion">100th Infantry Battalion</a> and the <a href="/wiki/442nd_Regimental_Combat_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="442nd Regimental Combat Team">442nd Regimental Combat Team</a>, for actions in numerous battles across six different campaigns.<sup id="cite_ref-cmohs_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cmohs-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, the only Medal of Honor ever presented to a member of the United States Coast Guard (<a href="/wiki/Douglas_Albert_Munro" title="Douglas Albert Munro">Douglas Albert Munro</a>) was received for actions during this war.<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWStat_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWStat-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Korean_War">Korean War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Korean War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Korean_War_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of Korean War Medal of Honor recipients">List of Korean War Medal of Honor recipients</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> was ignited by the 1950 invasion of South Korea when the <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korean</a> Army moved south on June 25, 1950, to seize the rest of the Korean peninsula, which had been formally divided since 1948. The conflict was then expanded by the United States, China's and the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>'s involvement. The main hostilities were during the period from June 25, 1950, until the <a href="/wiki/Korean_Armistice_Agreement" title="Korean Armistice Agreement">Korean Armistice Agreement</a> was signed on July 27, 1953. </p><p>In South Korea, the war is often called "6•25", or the 6•25 War (Korean: 6•25 전쟁), from the date of the start of the conflict or, more formally, <i>Hanguk Jeonjaeng</i> literally "Korean War". In North Korea, while commonly known as the Korean War, it is formally called the Fatherland Liberation War. In the early days of the war, United States President <a href="/wiki/Harry_Truman" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Truman">Harry Truman</a> called the United Nations response a "<a href="/wiki/Police_action" title="Police action">police action</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The war is sometimes called "The Forgotten War" because it is a major conflict of the 20th century that gets less attention than <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, which preceded it, and the controversial <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>, which succeeded it.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In China, the conflict was known as the War to Resist America and Aid Korea, but is today commonly called the "Korean War".<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During this war, 146 Medals of Honor were awarded.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vietnam_War">Vietnam War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Vietnam War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_for_the_Vietnam_War" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Vietnam War">List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Vietnam War</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>, also known as the Second <a href="/wiki/Indochina_Wars" title="Indochina Wars">Indochina War</a>, and in Vietnam as the American War, occurred from 1959 to April 30, 1975. The term "Vietnam Conflict" is often used to refer to events which took place between 1959 and April 30, 1975. The war was fought between the Communist-supported <a href="/wiki/North_Vietnam" title="North Vietnam">Democratic Republic of Vietnam</a> (<a href="/wiki/North_Vietnam" title="North Vietnam">North Vietnam</a>) and the United States supported <a href="/wiki/South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">Republic of Vietnam</a> (<a href="/wiki/South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">South Vietnam</a>). </p><p>During the Vietnam War and in the following twelve months, 234 Medals of Honor were received and since 1978 a further 32 awards have been presented. Of the total of 266 awards, 174 were to the US Army, 15 to the US Navy, 57 to the USMC and 14 to the USAF.<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWStat_26-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWStat-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first medal of the war was presented to <a href="/wiki/Roger_H._C._Donlon" class="mw-redirect" title="Roger H. C. Donlon">Roger Donlon</a> for rescuing and administering first aid to several wounded soldiers and leading a group against an enemy force.<sup id="cite_ref-Murphy13-23_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murphy13-23-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first African American recipient of the war was <a href="/wiki/Milton_L._Olive_III" title="Milton L. Olive III">Milton L. Olive III</a>, who sacrificed himself to save others by smothering a grenade with his body.<sup id="cite_ref-Murphy36-38_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murphy36-38-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Riley_L._Pitts" title="Riley L. Pitts">Riley L. Pitts</a> was killed after attacking an enemy force with rifle fire and grenades and was the first African American commissioned officer of the war to receive the medal.<sup id="cite_ref-Murphy97_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murphy97-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Bennett_(conscientious_objector)" title="Thomas W. Bennett (conscientious objector)">Thomas Bennett</a> was a <a href="/wiki/Conscientious_objector" title="Conscientious objector">conscientious objector</a> who received the medal for his actions as a medic;<sup id="cite_ref-Murphy156-158_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murphy156-158-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> three <a href="/wiki/Chaplain" title="Chaplain">chaplains</a> received the medal, including <a href="/wiki/Vincent_R._Capodanno" title="Vincent R. Capodanno">Vincent R. Capodanno</a>, who served with the Marine Corps and was known as the Grunt <a href="/wiki/Military_Chaplain" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Chaplain">Padre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Murphy150-151_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murphy150-151-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="USS_Liberty_incident">USS <i>Liberty</i> incident</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: USS Liberty incident"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/USS_Liberty_incident" title="USS Liberty incident">USS <i>Liberty</i> incident</a> was an attack on a neutral U.S. Navy spy ship, the <a href="/wiki/USS_Liberty_(AGTR-5)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Liberty (AGTR-5)">USS <i>Liberty</i></a>, by <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Defense_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli Defense Forces">Israeli</a> jet fighter planes and motor torpedo boats on June 8, 1967, during the <a href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</a>. The combined air and sea attack killed 34 and wounded more than 170 crew members, and damaged the ship severely.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width:98%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Image </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Service </th> <th>Rank </th> <th>Place of action </th> <th>Date of action </th> <th>Unit </th> <th>Notes<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWLiberty_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWLiberty-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WilliamMcGonagle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Top half of man in circa 1970 U.S. Navy officer uniform, before an American flag." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/WilliamMcGonagle.jpg/100px-WilliamMcGonagle.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/WilliamMcGonagle.jpg/150px-WilliamMcGonagle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/WilliamMcGonagle.jpg/200px-WilliamMcGonagle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4508" data-file-height="5700" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_McGonagle" title="William McGonagle">William L. McGonagle</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commander_(United_States)" title="Commander (United States)">Commander</a> </td> <td>Eastern <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a> </td> <td>June 8–9, 1967 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USS_Liberty" title="USS Liberty">USS <i>Liberty</i> (AGTR-5)</a> </td> <td>Continued to lead his ship despite being severely wounded </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Vietnam">Post-Vietnam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Post-Vietnam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the end of the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terminology_of_the_Vietnam_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Terminology of the Vietnam War">also known as</a> the Vietnam Conflict and Second Indochina War,<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the United States was involved in a number of smaller conflicts during the end of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, including in <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of Grenada">Grenada</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panama" title="United States invasion of Panama">Panama</a>, and elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Post-Cold War, the United States was involved in conflicts in the Middle East, Africa, the Caribbean, and in the Balkans.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No Medals of Honor have been awarded for any of the aforementioned conflicts so far either proactively or retroactively.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Somalia">Somalia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Somalia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On October 3, 1993, during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mogadishu_(1993)" title="Battle of Mogadishu (1993)">Battle of Mogadishu</a>, members of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Rangers" title="United States Army Rangers">U.S. Army Rangers</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Special Operations Command">SOCOM</a>'s Delta Force executed a mission to capture members of Gen. <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Farrah_Aidid" title="Mohamed Farrah Aidid">Mohamed Farrah Aidid</a>'s forces. In the ensuing battle, two <a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_UH-60_Black_Hawk" title="Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk">UH-60 Blackhawk</a> helicopters were shot down. As the second Blackhawk, containing <a href="/wiki/Chief_Warrant_Officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Warrant Officer">Chief Warrant Officer</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Durant" title="Michael Durant">Michael Durant</a>, was hit and crashed, Master Sergeant <a href="/wiki/Gary_I._Gordon" class="mw-redirect" title="Gary I. Gordon">Gary I. Gordon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sergeant_First_Class" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergeant First Class">Sergeant First Class</a> <a href="/wiki/Randall_D._Shughart" class="mw-redirect" title="Randall D. Shughart">Randall D. Shughart</a> were in a nearby Blackhawk monitoring radio traffic. Gordon and Shughart were part of a sniper team for <a href="/wiki/Delta_Force" title="Delta Force">Delta Force</a> that was assigned to watch over the operation, engaging targets from their position in the Blackhawk. As they monitored the downing of the second Blackhawk, it became evident that ground forces would not be available to secure the crash site and protect the critically injured crew of four, all of whom survived the crash. Gordon, the sniper team leader, requested that they be inserted at the 2nd crash site. His request was denied twice before finally being approved on the third request. The snipers were armed only with their sniper rifles and pistols. </p><p>Upon reaching the downed Blackhawk, which was under intense enemy fire, Gordon and Shughart pulled the crew from the wreckage and proceeded to set up a defensive perimeter. The snipers, assisted by the severely injured Durant, began to engage the attacking Somalis from the opposite side of the wreckage using assault rifles stored on the Blackhawk. Shughart and Gordon were eventually mortally wounded after nearly exhausting all available ammunition; Durant, the only survivor, was taken hostage. According to Durant's account, 25 Somalis were killed and many more were wounded. </p><p>On Monday, May 23, 1994, President Clinton presented the Medal of Honor to the widows of Gordon and Shughart.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are the only snipers to have received the Medal of Honor.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film <a href="/wiki/Black_Hawk_Down_(film)" title="Black Hawk Down (film)"><i>Black Hawk Down</i></a>, based on <a href="/wiki/Black_Hawk_Down_(book)" title="Black Hawk Down (book)">the book of the same name</a>, includes a narrative of the events. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="21st_century">21st century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_post-Vietnam_War_Medal_of_Honor_recipients" title="List of post-Vietnam War Medal of Honor recipients">List of post-Vietnam War Medal of Honor recipients</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="War_in_Afghanistan">War in Afghanistan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: War in Afghanistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan</a>, which began on October 7, 2001, was launched by the United States, the United Kingdom, and NATO allies in response to the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a>. It was the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">war on terror</a>. The stated purpose of the invasion was to capture <a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a>, destroy <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> and remove the <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> regime which had provided support and safe harbor to al-Qaeda.<sup id="cite_ref-Afghanistan_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afghanistan-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2001, 18 American service-members have received the Medal of Honor for actions in Afghanistan, four of them posthumously. Army <a href="/wiki/Sergeant_First_Class" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergeant First Class">Sergeant First Class</a> <a href="/wiki/Jared_C._Monti" title="Jared C. Monti">Jared C. Monti</a> received his medal for attempting to rescue a wounded soldier at the cost of his own life. Navy <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant" title="Lieutenant">Lieutenant</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_P._Murphy" title="Michael P. Murphy">Michael P. Murphy</a> received his for actions against insurgent forces and for sacrificing his life to call for help when his team had been overwhelmed by a much larger enemy force.<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWAfghanistan_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWAfghanistan-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Army Staff Sergeant <a href="/wiki/Robert_James_Miller" title="Robert James Miller">Robert James Miller</a>'s surviving family was presented with his medal on October 6, 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 19, 2014, Marine Corps Corporal <a href="/wiki/Kyle_Carpenter" title="Kyle Carpenter">Kyle Carpenter</a> received the Medal of Honor in a ceremony at the White House. He is the eighth living recipient to be awarded the Medal of Honor for actions in Afghanistan. <a href="/wiki/John_A._Chapman" title="John A. Chapman">John Allan Chapman</a> (July 14, 1965 – March 4, 2002) was a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Combat_Control_Team" title="United States Air Force Combat Control Team">Combat Controller</a> in the United States Air Force who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor on August 22, 2018, for his actions in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Takur_Ghar" title="Battle of Takur Ghar">Battle of Takur Ghar</a>. The first living recipient since the Vietnam War and the fourth Afghanistan recipient, <a href="/wiki/Salvatore_Giunta" title="Salvatore Giunta">Salvatore Giunta</a>, received his for his actions in 2007 when he risked his life to save a wounded comrade. A second living recipient, Sergeant First Class <a href="/wiki/Leroy_Petry" title="Leroy Petry">Leroy Petry</a>, received the medal from President Obama during a July 12, 2011 ceremony.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marine Corps Corporal <a href="/wiki/Dakota_Meyer" title="Dakota Meyer">Dakota Meyer</a> became the third living recipient awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ganjgal" title="Battle of Ganjgal">Battle of Ganjgal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mct20110719_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mct20110719-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An additional eleven living recipients have been awarded the Medal of Honor since Meyer. There have been twelve awards to the U.S. Army, three to the U.S. Navy, two to the U.S. Marine Corps and one to the U.S. Air Force. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iraq_War">Iraq War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Iraq War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> known in the United States as Operation Iraqi Freedom,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Operation TELIC in the United Kingdom<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a conflict which began on March 20, 2003, with the <a href="/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Iraq" title="2003 invasion of Iraq">United States-led invasion</a> of <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> by a <a href="/wiki/Multinational_force_in_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Multinational force in Iraq">multinational coalition</a> composed of United States and United Kingdom troops supported by smaller contingents from Australia, Poland, as well as other nations.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seven service members have received the Medal of Honor for actions in Iraq; five from the Army, one from the Marine Corps and one from the Navy. <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ray_Smith" title="Paul Ray Smith">Paul Ray Smith</a> was the first to receive it for his actions on April 4, 2003, when he held enemy forces back, allowing other wounded soldiers to be evacuated to safety. The other five recipients were <a href="/wiki/Staff_Sergeant" class="mw-redirect" title="Staff Sergeant">Staff Sergeant</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Bellavia" title="David Bellavia">David Bellavia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Staff_Sergeant" class="mw-redirect" title="Staff Sergeant">Staff Sergeant</a> <a href="/wiki/Travis_Atkins" title="Travis Atkins">Travis Atkins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corporal" title="Corporal">Corporal</a> <a href="/wiki/Jason_Dunham" title="Jason Dunham">Jason Dunham</a> of the Marine Corps, <a href="/wiki/Specialist_(rank)" title="Specialist (rank)">Specialist</a> <a href="/wiki/Ross_A._McGinnis" title="Ross A. McGinnis">Ross A. McGinnis</a> of the Army and <a href="/wiki/Master-at-Arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Master-at-Arms">Master-at-Arms</a> <a href="/wiki/Petty_Officer_Second_Class" class="mw-redirect" title="Petty Officer Second Class">Second Class</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_A._Monsoor" title="Michael A. Monsoor">Michael A. Monsoor</a> of the U.S. Navy. The latter four of these each received it after being killed while using their own bodies to smother explosive devices to protect their comrades.<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWIraq_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWIraq-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 16, 2021, <a href="/wiki/Sergeant_first_class" title="Sergeant first class">Sergeant First Class</a> <a href="/wiki/Alwyn_Cashe" title="Alwyn Cashe">Alwyn Cashe</a> was awarded the medal, posthumously, for his heroism in the Iraq conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-Lamothe_2021_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lamothe_2021-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Non-combat">Non-combat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Non-combat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients_in_non-combat_incidents" title="List of Medal of Honor recipients in non-combat incidents">List of Medal of Honor recipients in non-combat incidents</a></div> <p>Before 1963, the Medal of Honor could be received for actions not involving direct <a href="/wiki/Combat" title="Combat">combat</a> with enemy or opposing foreign forces and 193 men earned the medal in this way.<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWStat_26-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWStat-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of these medals were presented to members of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> for rescuing or attempting to rescue someone from drowning.<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWStat_26-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWStat-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of those awarded the Medal of Honor for rescuing others was Fireman Second Class <a href="/wiki/Telesforo_Trinidad" title="Telesforo Trinidad">Telesforo Trinidad</a>, who, as of 2020, has been the only <a href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian American</a> sailor to be awarded the Medal of Honor.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to the medals that were presented for lifesaving acts, one Medal of Honor was presented to <a href="/wiki/William_Halford" title="William Halford">William Halford</a>, who sailed in a small boat for 31 days to get help for the other crew of <a href="/wiki/USS_Saginaw_(1859)" title="USS Saginaw (1859)">USS <i>Saginaw</i></a> who had been stranded on an island.<sup id="cite_ref-NHCHalford_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHCHalford-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three explorers were also presented with the medal by special acts of Congress. <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a> received the medal for flying the first solo non-stop flight across the Atlantic Ocean. <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Bennett" title="Floyd Bennett">Floyd Bennett</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Evelyn_Byrd" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Evelyn Byrd">Richard Evelyn Byrd</a> received it for their participation in what was thought to be the first successful heavier-than-air flight to the North Pole and back. One recipient, <a href="/wiki/Adolphus_W._Greely" class="mw-redirect" title="Adolphus W. Greely">Adolphus W. Greely</a>, received his for a lifetime of military service.<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWInt1920_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWInt1920-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foreign">Foreign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Foreign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Current law,<a href="/wiki/Title_10_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 10 of the United States Code">10 U.S.C.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/10/6241">§ 6241</a> explicitly states that recipients must be serving in the U.S. Armed Forces at the time of performing a valorous act that warrants the award. However, the Medal of Honor has been presented to five First World War unknown soldiers of allied countries: the <a href="/wiki/The_Unknown_Warrior" title="The Unknown Warrior">British Unknown Warrior</a> in the United Kingdom by <a href="/wiki/John_J._Pershing" title="John J. Pershing">General Pershing</a> on October 17, 1921; the <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Unknown_Soldier_(Romania)" title="Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Romania)">Romanian Unknown Soldier</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Unknown_Soldier_(France)" title="Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (France)">French Unknown Soldier</a> (entombed under the Arc de Triomphe), the <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Unknown_Soldier_(Belgium)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Belgium)">Belgian Unknown Soldier</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Unknown_Soldier_(Italy)" title="Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Italy)">Italian Unknown Soldier</a> (entombed in the <a href="/wiki/Altare_della_Patria" class="mw-redirect" title="Altare della Patria">Monument of Vittorio Emanuele II</a>). Each of the countries reciprocally awarded medals to the <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Unknowns" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomb of the Unknowns">U.S. Unknown Soldier</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AMOHWSpecial_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMOHWSpecial-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-philamwar-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-philamwar_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Philippine–American War is usually known as the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Insurrection" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Insurrection">Philippine Insurrection</a>. This name was historically the most commonly used in the U.S., but some Filipino historians refer to these hostilities as the <i>Philippine-American War</i>, and, in 1999, the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> reclassified its references to use this term. Most historians continue to refer to the Insurrection.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WWIIdesc-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WWIIdesc_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Official military histories in Commonwealth nations refer to the conflict as the Second World War, while the United States' official histories refer to the conflict as World War II. English translations of the official histories of other nations tend to resolve into English as Second World War also, for example <i>Zweiter Weltkrieg</i> in German. See <a href="/wiki/C.P._Stacey" class="mw-redirect" title="C.P. Stacey">C.P. Stacey</a> <i>Official History of the Canadian Army in the Second World War</i>, for example. "Official" usage of these terms is giving way to popular usage and the two terms are becoming interchangeable even in formal military history.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.army.mil/sec-priv.htm">public domain material</a> from websites or documents of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>.</dd></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defense.gov/Experience/Honors-for-Valor">"Honors for Valor"</a>. <i>U.S. Department of Defense</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Department+of+Defense&rft.atitle=Honors+for+Valor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.defense.gov%2FExperience%2FHonors-for-Valor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cmohs.org/medal/faqs">"Medal of Honor FAQs | CMOHS"</a>. <i>Congressional Medal of Honor Society</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Congressional+Medal+of+Honor+Society&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+FAQs+%7C+CMOHS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cmohs.org%2Fmedal%2Ffaqs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMOHW-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AMOHW_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090519025114/http://www.defenselink.mil/faq/pis/med_of_honor.html">"A Brief History – The Medal of Honor"</a>. <i>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)</i>. Department of Defense. August 8, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defenselink.mil/faq/pis/med_of_honor.html">the original</a> on May 19, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Frequently+Asked+Questions+%28FAQ%29&rft.atitle=A+Brief+History+%26ndash%3B%26%2332%3BThe+Medal+of+Honor&rft.date=2006-08-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defenselink.mil%2Ffaq%2Fpis%2Fmed_of_honor.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">see <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mohhsus.com/medal-of-honor">"Medal of Honor » Medal of Honor Historical Society of the United States"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170630225331/http://www.mohhsus.com/medal-of-honor">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-06-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Medal+of+Honor+%C2%BB+Medal+of+Honor+Historical+Society+of+the+United+States&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mohhsus.com%2Fmedal-of-honor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span> which is updated when new awards are presented. The exact number is included in the main Medal of Honor article.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Medal of Honor of the United States Army</i>, United States. Department of the Army. Public Information Division, [Washington, [U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1948] and <i>Medal of Honor, 1861–1949, the Navy</i>. United States Bureau of Naval Personnel. [Washington, 1950?]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Medal of Honor recipients, 1863–1963</i>. Prepared for the Subcommittee on Veterans' Affairs of the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, United States Senate. 1964 was the first of these publications.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Medal of Honor Recipients: 1979–2014</i>, Anne Leland, Information Research Specialist, <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service" title="Congressional Research Service">Congressional Research Service</a>, December 2, 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mohconvention.com/the-medals/history-of-the-medal/">"History of the Medal | Medal of Honor Convention"</a>. <i>www.mohconvention.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mohconvention.com&rft.atitle=History+of+the+Medal+%26%23124%3B+Medal+of+Honor+Convention&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mohconvention.com%2Fthe-medals%2Fhistory-of-the-medal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-walker-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-walker_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100317023429/http://www.lkwdpl.org/wihohio/walk-mar.htm">"Mary Edwards Walker"</a>. Women in History. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lkwdpl.org/wihohio/walk-mar.htm">the original</a> on March 17, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mary+Edwards+Walker&rft.pub=Women+in+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lkwdpl.org%2Fwihohio%2Fwalk-mar.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cbc-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cbc_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/canada-honours-winners-of-top-u-s-medal-1.535917">"Canada honours winners of top U.S. medal"</a>. CBC News. July 1, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070529190113/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2005/07/01/canadians-usmedal050701.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 29, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 20,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Canada+honours+winners+of+top+U.S.+medal&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fcanada%2Fcanada-honours-winners-of-top-u-s-medal-1.535917&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vwam-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vwam_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/canada-honours-winners-of-top-u-s-medal-1.535917">"Thousands of Canadians, including a Medal of Honor recipient, served with the U.S. military in Vietnam"</a>. Veterans With a Mission. July 1, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070529190113/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2005/07/01/canadians-usmedal050701.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 29, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 20,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Thousands+of+Canadians%2C+including+a+Medal+of+Honor+recipient%2C+served+with+the+U.S.+military+in+Vietnam&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fcanada%2Fcanada-honours-winners-of-top-u-s-medal-1.535917&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mohhsus.com-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mohhsus.com_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mohhsus.com_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mohhsus.com/medal-of-honor">"Medal of Honor » Medal of Honor Historical Society of the United States"</a>. <i>www.mohhsus.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180401083404/http://www.mohhsus.com/medal-of-honor">Archived</a> from the original on 1 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mohhsus.com&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+%C2%BB+Medal+of+Honor+Historical+Society+of+the+United+States&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mohhsus.com%2Fmedal-of-honor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Indianwars-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Indianwars_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/books/amh/AMH-14.htm">"Winning the west the Army in the Indian Wars, 1865–1890"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. April 27, 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100219153615/http://www.history.army.mil/books/amh/amh-14.htm">Archived</a> from the original on February 19, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Winning+the+west+the+Army+in+the+Indian+Wars%2C+1865%E2%80%931890&rft.pub=United+States+Army+Center+of+Military+History&rft.date=2001-04-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fbooks%2Famh%2FAMH-14.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Koreanexp-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Koreanexp_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTyson,_Carolyn_A.2007" class="citation web cs1">Tyson, Carolyn A. (March 5, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/marine_amphib_korea.htm">"Marine Amphibious Landing in Korea, 1871"</a>. Naval Historical Foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20100407175236/http%3A//www%2Ehistory%2Enavy%2Emil/library/online/marine_amphib_korea%2Ehtm">Archived</a> from the original on April 7, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marine+Amphibious+Landing+in+Korea%2C+1871&rft.pub=Naval+Historical+Foundation&rft.date=2007-03-05&rft.au=Tyson%2C+Carolyn+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.navy.mil%2Flibrary%2Fonline%2Fmarine_amphib_korea.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-koreanexp-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-koreanexp_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/korean1871.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the 1871 Korean Campaign</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090525030148/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/korean1871.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 25, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+1871+Korean+Campaign&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fkorean1871.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/militaryhistory/printable/section.asp?id=7">"The Price of Freedom: Americans at War—Spanish American War"</a>. National Museum of American History. 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20090530113246/http://americanhistory.si.edu/militaryhistory/printable/section.asp?id=7">Archived</a> from the original on 2009-05-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Price+of+Freedom%3A+Americans+at+War%E2%80%94Spanish+American+War&rft.pub=National+Museum+of+American+History&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanhistory.si.edu%2Fmilitaryhistory%2Fprintable%2Fsection.asp%3Fid%3D7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDolan,_Edward_F.2001" class="citation book cs1">Dolan, Edward F. (2001). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/spanishamericanw00dola"><i>The Spanish–American War</i></a></span>. The Millbrook Press, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7613-1453-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7613-1453-9"><bdi>0-7613-1453-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spanish%E2%80%93American+War&rft.pub=The+Millbrook+Press%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-7613-1453-9&rft.au=Dolan%2C+Edward+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fspanishamericanw00dola&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Samoa-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Samoa_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStevenson,_Robert_Louis" class="citation book cs1">Stevenson, Robert Louis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100726204801/http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/s/stevenson/robert_louis/s848fh/complete.html"><i>A Footnote to History: Eight Years of Trouble in Samoa</i></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/s/stevenson/robert_louis/s848fh/complete.html">the original</a> on July 26, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Footnote+to+History%3A+Eight+Years+of+Trouble+in+Samoa&rft.au=Stevenson%2C+Robert+Louis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Febooks.adelaide.edu.au%2Fs%2Fstevenson%2Frobert_louis%2Fs848fh%2Fcomplete.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMOHWSamoa-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWSamoa_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/philippine.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the Philippine Insurrection</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080420212952/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/philippine.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 20, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+Philippine+Insurrection&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fphilippine.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDelmendo2004" class="citation book cs1">Delmendo, Sharon (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=N6nkB_PDdXcC&q=Philippine+People+power+revolution&pg=PA15"><i>The Star-Entangled Banner: One Hundred Years of America in the Philippines</i></a>. Rutgers University Press. p. 47. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8135-3411-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8135-3411-9"><bdi>0-8135-3411-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 3,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Star-Entangled+Banner%3A+One+Hundred+Years+of+America+in+the+Philippines&rft.pages=47&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-8135-3411-9&rft.aulast=Delmendo&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DN6nkB_PDdXcC%26q%3DPhilippine%2BPeople%2Bpower%2Brevolution%26pg%3DPA15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-agoncillo-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-agoncillo_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAgoncillo,_Teodoro1990" class="citation book cs1">Agoncillo, Teodoro (1990) [1960]. <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyoffilipin00teod"><i>History of the Filipino People</i></a></span> (8th ed.). Quezon City: Garcia. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/971-10-2415-2" title="Special:BookSources/971-10-2415-2"><bdi>971-10-2415-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Filipino+People&rft.place=Quezon+City&rft.edition=8th&rft.pub=Garcia&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=971-10-2415-2&rft.au=Agoncillo%2C+Teodoro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryoffilipin00teod&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Past-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Past_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Past_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConstantino,_Renato1975" class="citation book cs1">Constantino, Renato (1975). <i>The Philippines: A Past Revisited</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/971-8958-00-2" title="Special:BookSources/971-8958-00-2"><bdi>971-8958-00-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Philippines%3A+A+Past+Revisited&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=971-8958-00-2&rft.au=Constantino%2C+Renato&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOwens2004" class="citation book cs1">Owens, Ron (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=s65pmBAUmD4C"><i>Medal of Honor: Historical Facts & Figures</i></a>. Paducah, Kentucky: Turner Publishing Company. pp. 71–73, 80–81. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56311-995-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56311-995-8"><bdi>978-1-56311-995-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medal+of+Honor%3A+Historical+Facts+%26+Figures&rft.place=Paducah%2C+Kentucky&rft.pages=71-73%2C+80-81&rft.pub=Turner+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-56311-995-8&rft.aulast=Owens&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ds65pmBAUmD4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Esherick154-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Esherick154_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsherick,_Joseph_W.1987" class="citation book cs1">Esherick, Joseph W. (1987). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/originsofboxerup00jose"><i>The Origins of the Boxer Uprising</i></a></span>. University of California Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/originsofboxerup00jose/page/154">154</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-06459-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-520-06459-3"><bdi>0-520-06459-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2010</span>. <q>Medal of Honor.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Origins+of+the+Boxer+Uprising&rft.pages=154&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-520-06459-3&rft.au=Esherick%2C+Joseph+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foriginsofboxerup00jose&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMOHWStat-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWStat_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWStat_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWStat_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWStat_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWStat_26-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWStat_26-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWStat_26-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/mohstats.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>Statistics of Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen, Marines, and Coast Guardsmen who received the Medal of Honor</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101227150747/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/mohstats.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 27, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statistics+of+Soldiers%2C+Sailors%2C+Airmen%2C+Marines%2C+and+Coast+Guardsmen+who+received+the+Medal+of+Honor&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fmohstats.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-veracruz-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-veracruz_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYockelson,_Mitchell1997" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Yockelson" title="Mitchell Yockelson">Yockelson, Mitchell</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/1997/fall/mexican-punitive-expedition-1.html">"The United States Armed Forces and the Mexican Punitive Expedition: Part 1"</a>. <i>Prologue Magazine</i>. <b>29</b>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140423065711/http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/1997/fall/mexican-punitive-expedition-1.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-04-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Prologue+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+United+States+Armed+Forces+and+the+Mexican+Punitive+Expedition%3A+Part+1&rft.volume=29&rft.date=1997&rft.au=Yockelson%2C+Mitchell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives.gov%2Fpublications%2Fprologue%2F1997%2Ffall%2Fmexican-punitive-expedition-1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMOHWHaiti1-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWHaiti1_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/haiti1915.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the 1915 Haiti Campaign</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090522085919/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/haiti1915.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 22, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+1915+Haiti+Campaign&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fhaiti1915.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMOHWHait2-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWHait2_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/haiti1919-20.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the 1919–1920 Haiti Campaign</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090620224248/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/haiti1919-20.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 20, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+1919%E2%80%931920+Haiti+Campaign&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fhaiti1919-20.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dominican-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dominican_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaggerty,_Richard_A.1989" class="citation web cs1">Haggerty, Richard A. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/dominican-republic/">"Dominican Republic: A Country Study"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20110818221416/http://countrystudies.us/dominican-republic/">Archived</a> from the original on August 18, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dominican+Republic%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.date=1989&rft.au=Haggerty%2C+Richard+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fdominican-republic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMOHWDR-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWDR_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/dominic.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the Dominican Campaign</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090623113220/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/dominic.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 23, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+Dominican+Campaign&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fdominic.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180628005338/http://www.firstworldwar.com/features/casualties.htm">"Military Casualties of World War One"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.firstworldwar.com/features/casualties.htm">the original</a> on June 28, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 11,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Military+Casualties+of+World+War+One&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.firstworldwar.com%2Ffeatures%2Fcasualties.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090227150502/http://www.jimmyatkinson.com/papers/versaillestreaty.html">"The Treaty of Versailles and its Consequences"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jimmyatkinson.com/papers/versaillestreaty.html">the original</a> on February 27, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Treaty+of+Versailles+and+its+Consequences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jimmyatkinson.com%2Fpapers%2Fversaillestreaty.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Keegan-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Keegan_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeegan1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Keegan" title="John Keegan">Keegan, John</a> (1998). <i>The First World War</i>. Hutchinson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-09-180178-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-09-180178-8"><bdi>0-09-180178-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+First+World+War&rft.pub=Hutchinson&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-09-180178-8&rft.aulast=Keegan&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nicaragua-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nicaragua_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerrill,_Tim1993" class="citation web cs1">Merrill, Tim (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/nicaragua/">"Nicaragua: A Country Study"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20110818221420/http://countrystudies.us/nicaragua/">Archived</a> from the original on August 18, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nicaragua%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.date=1993&rft.au=Merrill%2C+Tim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fnicaragua%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMOHWNic-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWNic_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/nicara.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the Second Nicaraguan Campaign</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090524011823/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/nicara.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 24, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+Second+Nicaraguan+Campaign&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fnicara.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USMCHistDiv-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USMCHistDiv_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130508155927/https://www.mcu.usmc.mil/historydivision/Pages/Whos_Who/Truesdell_DL.aspx">"CWO Donald L Truesdell"</a>. US Marine Corps History Division. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mcu.usmc.mil/historydivision/pages/Whos_Who/Truesdell_DL.aspx">the original</a> on 8 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CWO+Donald+L+Truesdell&rft.pub=US+Marine+Corps+History+Division&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mcu.usmc.mil%2Fhistorydivision%2Fpages%2FWhos_Who%2FTruesdell_DL.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Dunnigan" title="Jim Dunnigan">Dunnigan, James</a>; <a href="/wiki/Albert_Nofi" title="Albert Nofi">Albert Nofi</a>. <i>Dirty Little Secrets of World War II: Military Information No One Told You About the Greatest, Most Terrible War in History</i>, William Morrow & Company, 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-688-12235-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-688-12235-3">0-688-12235-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mayer, E. (2000) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://emayzine.com/lectures/WWII.html">"World War II"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090301155526/http://emayzine.com/lectures/WWII.html">Archived</a> 2009-03-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> course lecture notes on <i>Emayzine.com</i> (Victorville, California: Victor Valley College)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Coleman, P. (1999) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://members.aol.com/forcountry/ww2/wc1.htm">"Cost of the War,"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080302153205/http://members.aol.com/forcountry/ww2/wc1.htm">Archived</a> 2008-03-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>World War II Resource Guide</i> (Gardena, California: The American War Library)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cmohs-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cmohs_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180508090026/http://www.cmohs.org/medal/history_links/s_munemori.htm">"Invalid Entry"</a>. <i>www.cmohs.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cmohs.org/medal/history_links/s_munemori.htm">the original</a> on 8 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cmohs.org&rft.atitle=Invalid+Entry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cmohs.org%2Fmedal%2Fhistory_links%2Fs_munemori.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101226063925/http://teachingamericanhistory.org/library/index.asp?document=594">"The President's News Conference of June 29, 1950 – Teaching American History"</a>. <i>teachingamericanhistory.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://teachingamericanhistory.org/library/index.asp?document=594">the original</a> on 26 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=teachingamericanhistory.org&rft.atitle=The+President%27s+News+Conference+of+June+29%2C+1950+%E2%80%93+Teaching+American+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fteachingamericanhistory.org%2Flibrary%2Findex.asp%3Fdocument%3D594&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070819014820/http://www.history.navy.mil/ac/korea/korea1.htm">"Remembering the Forgotten War: Korea, 1950–1953"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Naval_History_%26_Heritage_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval History & Heritage Command">Naval History & Heritage Command</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.navy.mil/ac/korea/korea1.htm">the original</a> on August 19, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Remembering+the+Forgotten+War%3A+Korea%2C+1950%E2%80%931953&rft.pub=Naval+History+%26+Heritage+Command&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.navy.mil%2Fac%2Fkorea%2Fkorea1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.people.com.cn/english/200010/26/eng20001026_53620.html">"War to Resist US Aggression And Aid Korea Marked in DPRK"</a>. (China's) Peoples Daily (English version). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080414162419/http://english.people.com.cn/english/200010/26/eng20001026_53620.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 14, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=War+to+Resist+US+Aggression+And+Aid+Korea+Marked+in+DPRK&rft.pub=%28China%27s%29+Peoples+Daily+%28English+version%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.people.com.cn%2Fenglish%2F200010%2F26%2Feng20001026_53620.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cmohs.org/recipients?conflicts">[</a>=korean-war Medal of Honor Society FAQ]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murphy13-23-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Murphy13-23_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murphy, 1987, pp. 13–23</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murphy36-38-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Murphy36-38_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murphy, 1987, pp. 36–38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murphy97-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Murphy97_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murphy, 1987, p. 97</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murphy156-158-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Murphy156-158_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murphy, 1987, pp. 156–158</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murphy150-151-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Murphy150-151_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murphy, 1987, pp. 150–151</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/israel-attacks-uss-liberty">"Israel attacks USS Liberty"</a>. <i>history.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.com&rft.atitle=Israel+attacks+USS+Liberty&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fthis-day-in-history%2Fisrael-attacks-uss-liberty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMOHWLiberty-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWLiberty_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/vietnam-m-z.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the Vietnam War (M—Z)</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080424094845/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/vietnam-m-z.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Operation+Iraqi+Freedom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mnf-iraq.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMinistry_of_Defence" class="citation web cs1">Ministry of Defence. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/FactSheets/OperationsFactsheets/OperationsInIraqHistoryofthemilitarycampaigninIraq.htm">"Operations in Iraq: History of the military campaign in Iraq"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091207195025/http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/FactSheets/OperationsFactsheets/OperationsInIraqHistoryofthemilitarycampaigninIraq.htm">Archived</a> from the original on December 7, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 11,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Operations+in+Iraq%3A+History+of+the+military+campaign+in+Iraq&rft.au=Ministry+of+Defence&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mod.uk%2FDefenceInternet%2FFactSheets%2FOperationsFactsheets%2FOperationsInIraqHistoryofthemilitarycampaigninIraq.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchifferes2003" class="citation news cs1">Schifferes, Steve (March 18, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/2862343.stm">"US Names Coalition of the Willing"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080225062850/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/2862343.stm">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=US+Names+Coalition+of+the+Willing&rft.date=2003-03-18&rft.aulast=Schifferes&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Famericas%2F2862343.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMOHWIraq-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWIraq_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/iraq.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the Iraq War</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090526050837/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/iraq.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 26, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+Iraq+War&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Firaq.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lamothe_2021-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lamothe_2021_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLamothe2021" class="citation news cs1">Lamothe, Dan (December 15, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2021/12/15/alwyn-cashe-medal-of-honor/">"After extraordinary sacrifice – and years of delay"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 16,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=After+extraordinary+sacrifice+%E2%80%93+and+years+of+delay&rft.date=2021-12-15&rft.aulast=Lamothe&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnational-security%2F2021%2F12%2F15%2Falwyn-cashe-medal-of-honor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodney_Jaleco2010" class="citation news cs1">Rodney Jaleco (19 October 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/global-filipino/10/19/10/pinoy-wwii-vets-still-top-fil-am-concern">"Pinoy WWII vets still top Fil-Am concern"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News_and_Current_Affairs" title="ABS-CBN News and Current Affairs">ABS-CBN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722195630/http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/global-filipino/10/19/10/pinoy-wwii-vets-still-top-fil-am-concern">Archived</a> from the original on 22 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN&rft.atitle=Pinoy+WWII+vets+still+top+Fil-Am+concern&rft.date=2010-10-19&rft.au=Rodney+Jaleco&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abs-cbnnews.com%2Fglobal-filipino%2F10%2F19%2F10%2Fpinoy-wwii-vets-still-top-fil-am-concern&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NHCHalford-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NHCHalford_74-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/pers-us/uspers-h/w-halfor.htm">"Lieutenant William Halford, USN, (1841–1919)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Naval_Historical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval Historical Center">Naval Historical Center</a>. March 20, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100408091626/http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/pers-us/uspers-h/w-halfor.htm">Archived</a> from the original on April 8, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lieutenant+William+Halford%2C+USN%2C+%281841%E2%80%931919%29&rft.pub=Naval+Historical+Center&rft.date=2006-03-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.navy.mil%2Fphotos%2Fpers-us%2Fuspers-h%2Fw-halfor.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMOHWInt1920-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWInt1920_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/interim1920-40.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>Interim (1920–1940)</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100420102912/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/interim1920-40.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 20, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Interim+%281920%E2%80%931940%29&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Finterim1920-40.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMOHWSpecial-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AMOHWSpecial_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/asaoc.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients by Special Legislation</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090616023855/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/asaoc.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+by+Special+Legislation&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fasaoc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurphy,_Edward_F.1987" class="citation book cs1">Murphy, Edward F. (1987). <i>Vietnam Medal of Honor Heroes</i>. New York: Ballantine Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-345-33890-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-345-33890-1"><bdi>0-345-33890-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vietnam+Medal+of+Honor+Heroes&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Ballantine+Books&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-345-33890-1&rft.au=Murphy%2C+Edward+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeter_CollierGeorge_H.W._BushJohn_McCainTom_Brokaw2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Collier_(writer)" title="Peter Collier (writer)">Peter Collier</a>; George H.W. Bush; John McCain; Tom Brokaw; Nick Del Calzo (2003). <i>Medal of Honor: Portraits of Valor Beyond the Call of Duty</i>. New York: Artisan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1579652401" title="Special:BookSources/978-1579652401"><bdi>978-1579652401</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/52347641">52347641</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medal+of+Honor%3A+Portraits+of+Valor+Beyond+the+Call+of+Duty&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Artisan&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F52347641&rft.isbn=978-1579652401&rft.au=Peter+Collier&rft.au=George+H.W.+Bush&rft.au=John+McCain&rft.au=Tom+Brokaw&rft.au=Nick+Del+Calzo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Medal_of_Honor_recipients&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070219082726/http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Whos_Who.htm">"Who's Who list of Marines"</a>. <i>Who's Who in Marine Corps History</i>. History Division, United States Marine Corps. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Whos_Who.htm">the original</a> on February 19, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 17,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Who%27s+Who+in+Marine+Corps+History&rft.atitle=Who%27s+Who+list+of+Marines&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tecom.usmc.mil%2FHD%2FWhos_Who.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/moh.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>Listing of Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen, Marines, and Coast Guardsmen who received the Medal of Honor during World War II</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Listing+of+Soldiers%2C+Sailors%2C+Airmen%2C+Marines%2C+and+Coast+Guardsmen+who+received+the+Medal+of+Honor+during+World+War+II&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fmoh.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/civwaral.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the American Civil War (A–L)</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+American+Civil+War+%28A%E2%80%93L%29&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fcivwaral.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090223063700/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/civwarmz.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the American Civil War (M–Z)</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/civwarmz.html">the original</a> on February 23, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+American+Civil+War+%28M%E2%80%93Z%29&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fcivwarmz.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/indianwars.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the Indian Wars</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+Indian+Wars&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Findianwars.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/interawrds.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for Interim period (1866–1870)</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+Interim+period+%281866%E2%80%931870%29&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Finterawrds.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/int1871-98.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the Interim period (1871–1898)</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+Interim+period+%281871%E2%80%931898%29&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fint1871-98.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/warspain.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the Spanish–American War</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+Spanish%E2%80%93American+War&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fwarspain.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/chinare.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the Boxer Rebellion</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+Boxer+Rebellion&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fchinare.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/inter1901-11.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the Interim period (1901–1911)</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+Interim+period+%281901%E2%80%931911%29&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Finter1901-11.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/aapo1911.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for Outlaws—Philippines 1911</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+Outlaws%E2%80%94Philippines+1911&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Faapo1911.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/mohmex.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the Mexican-American War (Vera Cruz)</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+Mexican-American+War+%28Vera+Cruz%29&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fmohmex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/interim1915-16.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the Interim period (1915–1916)</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+Interim+period+%281915%E2%80%931916%29&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Finterim1915-16.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/worldwari.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for World War I</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+World+War+I&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fworldwari.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080616211617/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-a-f.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for World War II (A–F)</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-a-f.html">the original</a> on June 16, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+World+War+II+%28A%E2%80%93F%29&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2FwwII-a-f.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-g-l.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for World War II (G–L)</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+World+War+II+%28G%E2%80%93L%29&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2FwwII-g-l.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-m-s.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for World War II (M–S)</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+World+War+II+%28M%E2%80%93S%29&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2FwwII-m-s.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091231211059/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-t-z.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for World War II (T–Z)</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-t-z.html">the original</a> on December 31, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+World+War+II+%28T%E2%80%93Z%29&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2FwwII-t-z.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/koreanwar.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the Korean War</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+Korean+War&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fkoreanwar.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/vietnam-a-l.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>American Medal of Honor recipients for the Vietnam War (A–L)</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients+for+the+Vietnam+War+%28A%E2%80%93L%29&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fvietnam-a-l.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/mohb.html">"Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. <i>World War II African American Medal of Honor recipients</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. June 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+War+II+African+American+Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.atitle=Medal+of+Honor+recipients&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2Fmohb.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Medal+of+Honor+recipients" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cmohs.org/recipients/lists/living-recipients">"List of living Medal of Honor recipients"</a>. Congressional Medal of Honor Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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