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</div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Ted_Stevens.jpg/220px-Ted_Stevens.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Ted_Stevens.jpg/330px-Ted_Stevens.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Ted_Stevens.jpg/440px-Ted_Stevens.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1658" data-file-height="2100" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Alaska" title="List of United States senators from Alaska">Alaskan Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Ted Stevens</a> referred to the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> as "a series of tubes".</figcaption></figure> <p>"<b>A series of tubes</b>" is a phrase used originally as an analogy by then-<a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Ted Stevens</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>-<a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>) to describe the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> in the context of opposing <a href="/wiki/Network_neutrality" class="mw-redirect" title="Network neutrality">network neutrality</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-curtis_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-curtis-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 28, 2006, he used this metaphor to criticize a proposed amendment to a committee bill. The amendment would have prohibited <a href="/wiki/Internet_service_provider" title="Internet service provider">Internet service providers</a> such as <a href="/wiki/AT%26T" title="AT&T">AT&T</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comcast" title="Comcast">Comcast</a>, <a href="/wiki/Time_Warner_Cable" title="Time Warner Cable">Time Warner Cable</a> and <a href="/wiki/Verizon_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Verizon Communications">Verizon Communications</a> from charging fees to give some companies' data a higher priority in relation to other traffic. The metaphor was widely ridiculed, because Stevens was perceived to have displayed an extremely limited understanding of the Internet, despite his leading the Senate committee responsible for regulating it.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Partial_text_of_Stevens's_comments"><span id="Partial_text_of_Stevens.27s_comments"></span>Partial text of Stevens's comments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Series_of_tubes&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Partial text of Stevens's comments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Audio-input-microphone.svg/50px-Audio-input-microphone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Audio-input-microphone.svg/75px-Audio-input-microphone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Audio-input-microphone.svg/100px-Audio-input-microphone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="listen-header">Ted Stevens's quotes</div> <div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:I_Got_it_Yesterday_-_Senator_Ted_Stevens.ogg" title="File:I Got it Yesterday - Senator Ted Stevens.ogg">I got it yesterday</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="13" data-mwtitle="I_Got_it_Yesterday_-_Senator_Ted_Stevens.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/I_Got_it_Yesterday_-_Senator_Ted_Stevens.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/I_Got_it_Yesterday_-_Senator_Ted_Stevens.ogg/I_Got_it_Yesterday_-_Senator_Ted_Stevens.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description"></div></div><hr /><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Series_of_Tubes_-_Senator_Ted_Stevens.ogg" title="File:Series of Tubes - Senator Ted Stevens.ogg">Series of tubes</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="8" data-mwtitle="Series_of_Tubes_-_Senator_Ted_Stevens.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Series_of_Tubes_-_Senator_Ted_Stevens.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/Series_of_Tubes_-_Senator_Ted_Stevens.ogg/Series_of_Tubes_-_Senator_Ted_Stevens.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASeries_of_Tubes_-_Senator_Ted_Stevens.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description"></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing these files? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Ten movies streaming across that, that Internet, and what happens to your own personal Internet? I just the other day got... an Internet [email] was sent by my staff at 10 o'clock in the morning on Friday. I got it yesterday [Tuesday]. Why? Because it got tangled up with all these things going on the Internet commercially. [...] They want to deliver vast amounts of information over the Internet. And again, the Internet is not something that you just dump something on. It's not a big truck. <b>It's a series of tubes.</b> And if you don't understand, those tubes can be filled and if they are filled, when you put your message in, it gets in line and it's going to be delayed by anyone that puts into that tube enormous amounts of material, enormous amounts of material.<sup id="cite_ref-singel_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singel-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media_commentary">Media commentary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Series_of_tubes&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Media commentary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On June 28, 2006, <a href="/wiki/Public_Knowledge" title="Public Knowledge">Public Knowledge</a> government affairs manager Alex Curtis wrote a brief blog entry introducing the senator's speech and posted an <a href="/wiki/MP3" title="MP3">MP3</a> recording.<sup id="cite_ref-curtis_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-curtis-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The next day, the <i><a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">Wired</a></i> magazine blog <i>27B Stroke 6</i> featured a lengthier post by <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Singel" title="Ryan Singel">Ryan Singel</a>, which included Singel's transcriptions of some parts of Stevens's speech considered the most humorous.<sup id="cite_ref-singel_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singel-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within days, thousands of other blogs and message boards posted the story.<sup id="cite_ref-singel_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singel-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most writers and commentators derisively cited several of Stevens's misunderstandings of Internet technology, arguing that the speech showed that he had formed a strong opinion on a topic which he understood poorly (e.g., referring to an e-mail message as "an Internet," and blaming bandwidth issues for an e-mail problem much more likely to be caused by <a href="/wiki/Mail_server" class="mw-redirect" title="Mail server">mail server</a> or <a href="/wiki/Routing" title="Routing">routing</a> issues). The story sparked mainstream media attention, including a mention in <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The technology podcast <i><a href="/wiki/This_Week_in_Tech" title="This Week in Tech">This Week in Tech</a></i> also discussed the incident.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i>, as summarized by MediaPost commentator Ross Fadner, "'The Internet is a Series of Tubes!' spawned a new slogan that became a rallying cry for Net neutrality advocates. ... Stevens's overly simplistic description of the Web's infrastructure made it easy for pro-neutrality activists to label the other side as old and out-of-touch."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several parodies of Stevens's speech have been created, usually consisting of samples taken from this speech with an added melody.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Edward_Felten" title="Edward Felten">Edward Felten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a> professor of <a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer science</a>, pointed out the unfairness of some criticisms of Stevens's wording, while maintaining that the underlying arguments were rather weak.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later commentaries observed that while Stevens was ineloquent in his presentation the analogy itself was accurate.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Series_of_tubes&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Show_with_Jon_Stewart" class="mw-redirect" title="The Daily Show with Jon Stewart">The Daily Show with Jon Stewart</a></i> made multiple references to "Techno" Ted Stevens's "series of tubes" description;<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as a result, Stevens has become well known as the person who once headed the committee charged with regulating the Internet. "I have a letter from a big scientist who said I was absolutely right in using the word 'tubes'," Stevens said to reporters in response to <i>The Daily Show</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s coverage. When asked if he would think about going on the show to debate <a href="/wiki/Jon_Stewart" title="Jon Stewart">Jon Stewart</a>, Stevens replied, "I'd consider it."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> has included references to this in two of its products. <a href="/wiki/Gears_(software)" title="Gears (software)">Gears</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Dialog_box" title="Dialog box">about box</a> once read "the gears that power the tubes" and <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a> had an <a href="/wiki/About_URI_scheme" title="About URI scheme">about:</a> <a href="/wiki/Easter_egg_(media)" title="Easter egg (media)">Easter egg</a> at the address <code>about:<a href="/wiki/Internets" title="Internets">internets</a></code> which displayed a screensaver of tubes (if <a href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</a>'s <code>SSPIPES.SCR</code> is installed) with the page title "Don't Clog the Tubes!"<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When "about:internets" was entered on a computer lacking that screensaver, the tab displayed a gray screen with the page title "The Tubes are Clogged!" This <a href="/wiki/List_of_Google_April_Fools%27_Day_jokes#Easter_Eggs" title="List of Google April Fools' Day jokes">Easter egg</a> was removed as of the 2.0.159.1 release.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before December 6, 2022,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the documentation for developing Chrome extensions included a near-verbatim quote of the "series of tubes" paragraph when describing its <i>chrome.storage</i> class.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The quote is referenced in the game <a href="/wiki/Grand_Theft_Auto_V" title="Grand Theft Auto V">Grand Theft Auto V</a>. When using the game's parody of <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>, eyefind.info, the header may read, "It's like a series of tubes". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tribute">Tribute</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Series_of_tubes&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Tribute"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Petri" title="Alexandra Petri">Alexandra Petri</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> wrote a humorous article entitled "Sen. Stevens, the tubes salute you" on August 9, 2010 after <a href="/wiki/Death_of_Ted_Stevens" class="mw-redirect" title="Death of Ted Stevens">Stevens's death in an airplane crash</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>And as people remember him, make ill-timed jests, and muse on his legacy—all in real time, in great profusion—I worry that they are disrupting the ability of people elsewhere to receive their Internets. But for us in the Facebook generation who weren't around for the first plane crash and know the <a href="/wiki/Gravina_Island_Bridge" title="Gravina Island Bridge">Bridge to Nowhere</a> primarily as an <a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live" title="Saturday Night Live"><i>SNL</i></a> punchline, the senator's legacy is in that series of tubes.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Series_of_tubes&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid 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id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Series_of_tubes&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-curtis-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-curtis_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-curtis_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCurtis2006" class="citation web cs1">Curtis, Alex (June 28, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publicknowledge.org/senator-stevens-speaks-on-net-neutrality/">"Senator Stevens Speaks on Net Neutrality"</a>. <i>Public Knowledge</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Public+Knowledge&rft.atitle=Senator+Stevens+Speaks+on+Net+Neutrality&rft.date=2006-06-28&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublicknowledge.org%2Fsenator-stevens-speaks-on-net-neutrality%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090103101319/http://stevens.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=AboutSenatorStevens.CommitteeAssignments">"United States Senator Ted Stevens : About Senator Stevens"</a>. U.S. Senate. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stevens.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=AboutSenatorStevens.CommitteeAssignments">the original</a> on January 3, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+States+Senator+Ted+Stevens+%3A+About+Senator+Stevens&rft.pub=U.S.+Senate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstevens.senate.gov%2Fpublic%2Findex.cfm%3FFuseAction%3DAboutSenatorStevens.CommitteeAssignments&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2009" class="citation news cs1">Moore, Matthew (September 17, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/google/6201814/Google-easter-eggs-15-best-hidden-jokes.html">"Google easter eggs: 15 best hidden jokes"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2010</span>. <q>His clumsy words, in a speech to a Senate committee opposing network neutrality, were seen to illustrate the poor understanding of some politicians about how the internet worked.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Google+easter+eggs%3A+15+best+hidden+jokes&rft.date=2009-09-17&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ftechnology%2Fgoogle%2F6201814%2FGoogle-easter-eggs-15-best-hidden-jokes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-singel-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-singel_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singel_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singel_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingelPoulsen2006" class="citation web cs1">Singel, Ryan; Poulsen, Kevin (June 29, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2006/06/your_own_person/">"Your Own Personal Internet"</a>. <i>Threat Level</i>. Wired<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Threat+Level&rft.atitle=Your+Own+Personal+Internet&rft.date=2006-06-29&rft.aulast=Singel&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.au=Poulsen%2C+Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fthreatlevel%2F2006%2F06%2Fyour_own_person%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boingboing.net/2006/07/02/sen-stevens-hilariou.html">"Sen. Stevens' hilariously awful explanation of the Internet"</a>. BoingBoing. July 2, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sen.+Stevens%27+hilariously+awful+explanation+of+the+Internet&rft.pub=BoingBoing&rft.date=2006-07-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boingboing.net%2F2006%2F07%2F02%2Fsen-stevens-hilariou.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tech.slashdot.org/story/06/07/03/0643238/how-the-internet-works---with-tubes">"How The Internet Works – With Tubes"</a>. Slashdot. July 3, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+The+Internet+Works+%E2%80%93+With+Tubes&rft.pub=Slashdot&rft.date=2006-07-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftech.slashdot.org%2Fstory%2F06%2F07%2F03%2F0643238%2Fhow-the-internet-works---with-tubes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fark.com/comments/2151059/Sen-Stevens-explains-internets-And-again-internet-is-not-something-you-just-dump-something-on-Its-not-a-truck-Its-a-series-of-tubes">"Sen. Stevens explains the Internet: "And again, the Internet is not something you just dump something on. It's not a truck. It's a series of tubes"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. FARK.com. July 3, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sen.+Stevens+explains+the+Internet%3A+%22And+again%2C+the+Internet+is+not+something+you+just+dump+something+on.+It%27s+not+a+truck.+It%27s+a+series+of+tubes%22&rft.pub=FARK.com&rft.date=2006-07-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fark.com%2Fcomments%2F2151059%2FSen-Stevens-explains-internets-And-again-internet-is-not-something-you-just-dump-something-on-Its-not-a-truck-Its-a-series-of-tubes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailykos.com/storyonly/2006/7/2/232335/3120">"Ted Stevens on the internets"</a>. Daily Kos. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 13,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TWiT.tv&rft.atitle=This+Week+in+Tech+60+A+Series+of+Tubes+%7C+TWiT.TV&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.twit.tv%2Fshows%2Fthis-week-in-tech%2Fepisodes%2F60&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFadner2006" class="citation web cs1">Fadner, Ross (August 8, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/46525/immortalizing-ted-stevens-net-neutrality-for-post.html">"Immortalizing Ted Stevens, Net Neutrality for Posterity"</a>. MediaPost.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Immortalizing+Ted+Stevens%2C+Net+Neutrality+for+Posterity&rft.pub=MediaPost&rft.date=2006-08-08&rft.aulast=Fadner&rft.aufirst=Ross&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediapost.com%2Fpublications%2Farticle%2F46525%2Fimmortalizing-ted-stevens-net-neutrality-for-post.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFsuperfunky592006" class="citation cs2">superfunky59 (December 23, 2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cZC67wXUTs"><i>Series of Tubes Music Video</i></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/_cZC67wXUTs">archived</a> from the original on December 21, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 28,</span> 2018</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Series+of+Tubes+Music+Video&rft.date=2006-12-23&rft.au=superfunky59&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D_cZC67wXUTs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFelten2006" class="citation web cs1">Felten, Ed (July 17, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freedom-to-tinker.com/blog/felten/taking-stevens-seriously">"Taking Stevens Seriously"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thedailyshow.cc.com/videos/uo1ore/headlines---internet">the original</a> on May 12, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Show+with+Jon+Stewart&rft.atitle=Headlines+%E2%80%93+Internet&rft.date=2006-07-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthedailyshow.cc.com%2Fvideos%2Fuo1ore%2Fheadlines---internet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140501060216/http://thedailyshow.cc.com/videos/4arc5x/net-neutrality-act">"Net Neutrality Act"</a>. <i>The Daily Show with Jon Stewart</i>. Comedy Central. July 19, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thedailyshow.cc.com/videos/4arc5x/net-neutrality-act">the original</a> on May 1, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Show+with+Jon+Stewart&rft.atitle=Net+Neutrality+Act&rft.date=2006-07-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthedailyshow.cc.com%2Fvideos%2F4arc5x%2Fnet-neutrality-act&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thedailyshow.cc.com/videos/57mjqg/phone-call-with-ted-stevens">"Phone Call with Ted Stevens"</a>. <i>The Daily Show with Jon Stewart</i>. Comedy Central. April 16, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Show+with+Jon+Stewart&rft.atitle=Phone+Call+with+Ted+Stevens&rft.date=2007-04-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthedailyshow.cc.com%2Fvideos%2F57mjqg%2Fphone-call-with-ted-stevens&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2024">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thelevithorntonexperience.newsvine.com/_news/2006/07/27/303169-senator-ted-stevens-will-defend-his-tubes-remarks-on-the-daily-show">"Senator Ted Stevens will defend his "tubes" remarks on The Daily Show"</a>. Yahoo! News. July 27, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Senator+Ted+Stevens+will+defend+his+%22tubes%22+remarks+on+The+Daily+Show&rft.pub=Yahoo%21+News&rft.date=2006-07-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthelevithorntonexperience.newsvine.com%2F_news%2F2006%2F07%2F27%2F303169-senator-ted-stevens-will-defend-his-tubes-remarks-on-the-daily-show&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lifehacker.com/5045164/google-chromes-full-list-of-special-about-pages">"Google Chrome's Full List of Special about: Pages"</a>. Lifehacker. September 3, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google+Chrome%27s+Full+List+of+Special+about%3A+Pages&rft.pub=Lifehacker&rft.date=2008-09-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flifehacker.com%2F5045164%2Fgoogle-chromes-full-list-of-special-about-pages&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://robert.accettura.com/blog/2008/09/03/aboutinternets/">"about:internets"</a>. Robert Accettura's Fun With Wordage. September 3, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=about%3Ainternets&rft.pub=Robert+Accettura%27s+Fun+With+Wordage&rft.date=2008-09-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frobert.accettura.com%2Fblog%2F2008%2F09%2F03%2Faboutinternets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLarsonKersey2009" class="citation web cs1">Larson, Mark; Kersey, Jason (January 26, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130308180100/https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/dev/getting-involved/dev-channel/release-notes/releasenotes201590">"Release Notes: 2.0.159.0"</a>. <i>The Chromium Projects</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/dev/getting-involved/dev-channel/release-notes/releasenotes201590">the original</a> on March 8, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Chromium+Projects&rft.atitle=Release+Notes%3A+2.0.159.0&rft.date=2009-01-26&rft.aulast=Larson&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.au=Kersey%2C+Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsites.google.com%2Fa%2Fchromium.org%2Fdev%2Fgetting-involved%2Fdev-channel%2Frelease-notes%2Freleasenotes201590&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221206005448/https://developer.chrome.com/docs/extensions/reference/storage">"chrome.storage"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.chrome.com/extensions/storage#limits">the original</a> on December 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=chrome.storage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.chrome.com%2Fextensions%2Fstorage%23limits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150811091803/https://developer.chrome.com/extensions/storage">"chrome.storage"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.chrome.com/extensions/storage#limits">the original</a> on August 11, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=chrome.storage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.chrome.com%2Fextensions%2Fstorage%23limits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetri2010" class="citation news cs1">Petri, Alexandra (August 10, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120716042702/http://voices.washingtonpost.com/postpartisan/2010/08/senator_stevens_the_tubes_salu.html?waporef=obnetwork">"Sen. Stevens, the tubes salute you"</a>. <i>PostPartisan</i>. The Washington Post. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://voices.washingtonpost.com/postpartisan/2010/08/senator_stevens_the_tubes_salu.html?waporef=obnetwork">the original</a> on July 16, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PostPartisan&rft.atitle=Sen.+Stevens%2C+the+tubes+salute+you&rft.date=2010-08-10&rft.aulast=Petri&rft.aufirst=Alexandra&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvoices.washingtonpost.com%2Fpostpartisan%2F2010%2F08%2Fsenator_stevens_the_tubes_salu.html%3Fwaporef%3Dobnetwork&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Series_of_tubes&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1">Schneider, Tim (July 11, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publicknowledge.org/blog/mr-stevens-wild-ride-through-a-series-of-tubes/">"Mr. Stevens's wild ride through a 'series of tubes'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Public_Knowledge" title="Public Knowledge">Public Knowledge</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mr.+Stevens%27s+wild+ride+through+a+%27series+of+tubes%27&rft.pub=Public+Knowledge&rft.date=2006-07-11&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicknowledge.org%2Fblog%2Fmr-stevens-wild-ride-through-a-series-of-tubes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">Belson, Ken (July 17, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/17/business/media/17stevens.html">"Senator's Slip of the Tongue Keeps on Truckin' Over the Web"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Senator%27s+Slip+of+the+Tongue+Keeps+on+Truckin%27+Over+the+Web&rft.date=2006-07-17&rft.aulast=Belson&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F07%2F17%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2F17stevens.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeries+of+tubes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061012222353/http://www.twit.tv/60">This WEEK in TECH podcast talking about net neutrality and the series of tubes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/recommended-jun-12/">"Recommended: <i>Tubes: A Journey to the Center of the Internet</i>"</a> (by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Blum" title="Andrew Blum">Andrew Blum</a>) by Anna Kuchment and Michael Moyer, <i><a href="/wiki/Scientific_American" title="Scientific American">Scientific American</a></i>, June 1, 2012</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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