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Available in 60 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="استبداد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="استبداد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotismu" title="Despotismu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Despotismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotizm" title="Despotizm – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Despotizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="دسپوتیزم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دسپوتیزم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Дэспатызм – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дэспатызм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Деспотизъм – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Деспотизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Деспотизм – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Деспотизм" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotisme" title="Despotisme – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Despotisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despocie" title="Despocie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Despocie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despoti" title="Despoti – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Despoti" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotie" title="Despotie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Despotie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despootia" title="Despootia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Despootia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Δεσποτισμός – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δεσποτισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotism" title="Despotism – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Despotism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotismo" title="Despotismo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Despotismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotismo" title="Despotismo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Despotismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotismo" title="Despotismo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Despotismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="خودکامگی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خودکامگی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotisme" title="Despotisme – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Despotisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotismo" title="Despotismo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Despotismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%A0%9C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="전제주의 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전제주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%BC%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Բռնապետություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բռնապետություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotizam" title="Despotizam – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Despotizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotismo" title="Despotismo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Despotismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotisme" title="Despotisme – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Despotisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Har%C3%B0stj%C3%B3rn" title="Harðstjórn – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Harðstjórn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A5" title="עריץ – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עריץ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="დესპოტიზმი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დესპოტიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Деспотизм – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Деспотизм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despot%C3%AEzm" title="Despotîzm – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Despotîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Деспотизм – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Деспотизм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotisms" title="Despotisms – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Despotisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispotism" title="Dispotism – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Dispotism" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotizmus" title="Despotizmus – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Despotizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Деспотизам – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Деспотизам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="დესპოტიზმი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="დესპოტიზმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotisme" title="Despotisme – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Despotisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Деспотизм – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Деспотизм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotisme" title="Despotisme – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Despotisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8B%AC%E8%A3%81%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="独裁主義 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="独裁主義" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despoti" title="Despoti – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Despoti" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotisme" title="Despotisme – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Despotisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustabidlik" title="Mustabidlik – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mustabidlik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%80" title="ਧੱਕੇਸ਼ਾਹੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਧੱਕੇਸ਼ਾਹੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchia_despotyczna" title="Monarchia despotyczna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Monarchia despotyczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotismo" title="Despotismo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Despotismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotism" title="Despotism – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Despotism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Деспотизм – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Деспотизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotizmi" title="Despotizmi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Despotizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotizmus" title="Despotizmus – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Despotizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotizem" title="Despotizem – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Despotizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Деспотизам – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Деспотизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotizam" title="Despotizam – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Despotizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotismi" title="Despotismi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Despotismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotism" title="Despotism – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Despotism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94" title="ระบบใช้อำนาจเด็ดขาด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ระบบใช้อำนาจเด็ดขาด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despotizm" title="Despotizm – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Despotizm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Деспотизм – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Деспотизм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BA%BF_%C4%91%E1%BB%99_chuy%C3%AAn_quy%E1%BB%81n_(despotism)" title="Chế độ chuyên quyền (despotism) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chế độ chuyên quyền (despotism)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E5%88%B6%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="专制主义 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="专制主义" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q179352#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Change links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a> that is controlled by one person or a small group of people.<sup id="cite_ref-Despotis1946_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Despotis1946-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The person who controls the <a href="/wiki/State" title="State">state</a> is called a <i>despot</i>. They have no elections, or the elections are rigged. The despot has complete control of the state, like a <a href="/wiki/Dictator" title="Dictator">dictator</a> or <a href="/wiki/Tyrant" title="Tyrant">tyrant</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In history, the <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">pharaohs</a> of <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> were despots in the sense that they ruled Egypt. But their rule was usually passed on to a relative, so that is rather like a monarchy. There is evidence that if they ruled badly, they were opposed or deposed.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The word <i>despot</i> is thought to come from the Ancient <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> word <i>despotes</i>, which means "the master". According to <a href="/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu">Montesquieu</a>, the difference between <a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy">absolute monarchy</a> and despotism is as follows. In the case of the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">monarchy</a>, a single person governs with absolute power by fixed and established laws, whereas a despot governs by his or her own will and caprice.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The importance of the idea of despotism is that today it is a very common type of dictatorship or direct rule. Ruling monarchies are today few in number. </p><p>Even when there are elections, as there are for the Russian presidency, opposition candidates are at such a disadvantage that they are rarely, if ever, successful. </p><p>Despotism has always been associated with Eastern rather than Western states.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the former Soviet Union, it is only the new states to the west which have attempted, with difficulties, to build genuine democracies (such as <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> is an interesting case because its collapse has left several communities which regard themselves as separate, and are indeed ethnically different, yet none is as stable as the former Yugoslavia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Despotism&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Despotism&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Despotis1946-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Despotis1946_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Despotis1946"><i>Despotism</i></a>. <i>archive.org</i> (film documentary). Prelinger Archives. Chicago, IL: <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Inc." title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.">Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</a> 1946. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/6325325">6325325</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-01-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Despotism&rft.place=Chicago%2C+IL&rft.series=Prelinger+Archives&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1946&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F6325325&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FDespotis1946&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ADespotism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFPop2007" class="citation news cs1">Pop, Vox (2007-09-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2007/sep/29/aredictatorsevergood">"Are dictators ever good?"</a>. <i>the Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=the+Guardian&rft.atitle=Are+dictators+ever+good%3F&rft.date=2007-09-29&rft.aulast=Pop&rft.aufirst=Vox&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fcommentisfree%2F2007%2Fsep%2F29%2Faredictatorsevergood&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ADespotism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Examples here can be found in standard sources. The classic case is <a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Montesquieu, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/montesquieu-spirit.html">"The Spirit of Laws"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140814205007/http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/montesquieu-spirit.html">Archived</a> 2014-08-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Book II, 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gibbon, Edward 1776–89. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Decline_and_Fall_of_the_Roman_Empire" title="The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire">The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire</a></i>. London. Book One, chapter 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131222142800/http://www.moldova.md/en/istorie/">"History, official site of Republic of Moldova"</a>. Republic of Moldova • www.moldova.md. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moldova.md/en/istorie/">the original</a> on 22 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History%2C+official+site+of+Republic+of+Moldova&rft.pub=Republic+of+Moldova+%E2%80%A2+www.moldova.md&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moldova.md%2Fen%2Fistorie%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ADespotism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Despotism&oldid=9257098">https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Despotism&oldid=9257098</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Forms_of_government" title="Category:Forms of government">Forms of government</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension" title="Category:Pages using the JsonConfig extension">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last changed on 20 December 2023, at 10:52.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a>; additional terms may apply. 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