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minority</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: ethnic minority"> <meta name="keywords" content="ethnic minority"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="ethnic minority"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 808</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: ethnic minority</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">808</span> Under the ‘Fourth World’: A Discussion to the Transformation of Character-Settings in Chinese Ethnic Minority Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sicheng%20Liu">Sicheng Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on the key issue of the current fourth world studies, the article aims to analyze the features of character-settings in Chinese ethnic minority films. As a generalizable transformation, this feature progresses from a microcosmic representation. It argues that, as the mediation, films note down the current state of people and their surroundings, while the ‘fourth world’ theorization (or the fourth cinema) provides a new perspective to ethnic minority topics in China. Like the ‘fourth cinema’ focusing on the depiction of indigeneity groups, the ethnic minority films portrait the non-Han nationalities in China. Both types possess the motif of returning history-writing to the minority members’ own hand. In this article, the discussion entirely involves three types of cinematic role-settings in Chinese minority themed films, which illustrates that, similar to the creative principle of the fourth film, the themes and narratives of these films are becoming more individualized, with more concern to minority grassroots. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%27fourth%20world%27" title="'fourth world'">'fourth world'</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20ethnic%20minority%20films" title=" Chinese ethnic minority films"> Chinese ethnic minority films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnicity%20and%20culture%20reflection" title=" ethnicity and culture reflection"> ethnicity and culture reflection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%27mother%20tongue%27%20%28muyu%29" title=" 'mother tongue' (muyu)"> 'mother tongue' (muyu)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=highlighting%20to%20individual%20spiritual" title=" highlighting to individual spiritual "> highlighting to individual spiritual </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110904/under-the-fourth-world-a-discussion-to-the-transformation-of-character-settings-in-chinese-ethnic-minority-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110904.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">807</span> Assessing Finance by Ethnic Entrepreneurs in United Kingdom and Policy Implication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliyu%20Aminu%20Baba">Aliyu Aminu Baba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ethnic entrepreneurship is defined as a set of connections and regular patterns of interaction among people sharing common national background or migration experience. The disadvantage faced by ethnic minority on paid labour induced them to become self-employed. Also, enclaves motivates trading, creativity, innovation are all to provide specific service or products to certain people. These ethnic minorities are African –Caribbean, Indians, Pakistanis, Banghaladashi and Chinese. For policy development ethnic diversity was among the problem of developing policy in United Kingdom. The study finds that there is a danger in treating all ethnic minority businesses as homogeneous rather than heterogeneous. The diversity is due to religious beliefs, culture and race. This indicates that there is a wide range have shortfall in addressing the peculiarities of ethnic minority businesses in policy formulation. Also, there are differences between ethnic minorities in accessing finance. It is recommended that diversity and peculiarities between ethnic minorities should be considered in policy formulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20entrepreneurship" title="ethnic entrepreneurship">ethnic entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finance" title=" finance"> finance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20implication" title=" policy implication"> policy implication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversity" title=" diversity"> diversity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13752/assessing-finance-by-ethnic-entrepreneurs-in-united-kingdom-and-policy-implication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">806</span> Minority Students' Attitudes on Preferential Policies for Ethnic Minorities in China: Case Study of an Institute of Education for Ethnic Minorities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoxu%20Liu">Xiaoxu Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuwen%20Chen"> Yuwen Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we investigated ethnic minority students’ perception of the implementation of preferential policies in China. Using a mixed methods design, we surveyed 320 students from an institute of education for ethnic minorities and conducted further in-depth interviews with seven respondents. Although interviewees were from 30 ethnic groups, most of them were from mainstream high schools. We found that minority students from preparatory classes have an overall positive attitude towards preferential policies and preparatory class but lack sense of belonging to the university for various reasons. Findings indicate that although preparatory class is regarded as being helpful for minority students’ academic development, there are differences of attitude mainly depending on the high schools they graduated from and their ethnic identities. Our analyses suggest that ethnicity, high school graduated from, hometown and family income are more important than gender, religion, and political affiliation when accounting for their perceptions of the implementation of preferential policies in China. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20minority%20education" title="Chinese minority education">Chinese minority education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title=" higher education"> higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preferential%20policies" title=" preferential policies"> preferential policies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survey%20analysis" title=" survey analysis"> survey analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99562/minority-students-attitudes-on-preferential-policies-for-ethnic-minorities-in-china-case-study-of-an-institute-of-education-for-ethnic-minorities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99562.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">805</span> Ethnic Minority, Oil Theft and Insecurity in the North: Where the Gap and the Compromise are</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elaiho%20Osaruwense">Elaiho Osaruwense</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajuzie%20Godson%20Chidiebere"> Ajuzie Godson Chidiebere</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nigeria of at least 250 ethnic group a have suffered a lot of social, economic and political setback especially in the regime of oil and gas, that are exploited from the minority region of the Niger south -south areas. The rate of insecurity in the north gives a lot of questioning and concern, with the series of killings by the Boko Haram in some part of the north etc. the fact still remains on how the gap and the compromise will be reconciling especially with the incoming president of Muhammadu Buhari with all the problems which was not resolve by the past administration (President Ebele Jonathan), considering the configuration and the character of the Nigerian state. This paper tends to critically evaluate all this problems, assertion, proffering possible solution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20minority" title="ethnic minority">ethnic minority</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20theft" title=" oil theft"> oil theft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insecurity" title=" insecurity"> insecurity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20gap%20and%20the%20compromise" title=" the gap and the compromise"> the gap and the compromise</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48224/ethnic-minority-oil-theft-and-insecurity-in-the-north-where-the-gap-and-the-compromise-are" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48224.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">804</span> Ethnic Minority Small and Medium Enterprises and Entrepreneurial Resilience During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case of United Kingdom</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Bilal%20Mustafa">Muhammad Bilal Mustafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javed%20Hussain"> Javed Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simeon%20Babatunde"> Simeon Babatunde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Covid-19 pandemic has exposed the vulnerabilities of countless organisations beyond their size, type, and location. However, some groups and sectors are disproportionally get impacted by the pandemic. In the context of the UK, ethnic Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) turn out to be the most precarious group among all private sectors. Many ethnic SMEs shut down their business operations during a pandemic. A large portion of Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) owners have huge concerns regarding their business’ survival and resilience. The current UK-centric studies have focused on the large business population, and there is a gap in ethnic SMEs and how they get affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. Moreover, there is a need to further knowledge and academic research to investigate the fundamental factors that could strengthen the resilience of ethnic SMEs as well as contribute to long-term sustainability. Therefore, this study aims to capture the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on ethnic SMEs in the UK and assess the survival measures taken by ethnic SMEs during Covid-19. Besides, this study adopts a dynamic capabilities perspective that how firms' specific capabilities enable ethnic SMEs to exploit entrepreneurial opportunities during the Covid-19 pandemic. Finally, this research will help ethnic SMEs to develop vigorous resilience to address future external shocks and market uncertainties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19%20pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20minority%20SMEs" title=" ethnic minority SMEs"> ethnic minority SMEs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurial%20resilience" title=" entrepreneurial resilience"> entrepreneurial resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20capabilities" title=" dynamic capabilities"> dynamic capabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153735/ethnic-minority-small-and-medium-enterprises-and-entrepreneurial-resilience-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-a-case-of-united-kingdom" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153735.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">803</span> Understanding the Influence of Ethnicity on Adherence to Antidiabetic Medication: Meta-Ethnography and Systematic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rayah%20Asiri">Rayah Asiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Robinson-Barella"> Anna Robinson-Barella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adam%20Todd"> Adam Todd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andy%20Husband"> Andy Husband</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: A high prevalence of diabetes and diabetes-related complications in ethnic minority communities is of significant concern. Several studies have indicated low adherence rates to antidiabetic medications in ethnic minorities. Poor adherence to antidiabetic medications leads to a higher risk of complications and mortality. This review aims to explore the barriers to and facilitators of adherence to antidiabetic medication among ethnic minority groups in high-income countries. Methods: A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases for qualitative studies exploring the barriers to or facilitators of adherence to antidiabetic medication in ethnic minority groups were conducted from database inception to March 2022 (PROSPERO CRD42022320681). A quality assessment of the studies was conducted using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool. Key concepts and themes from relevant studies were synthesised using a meta-ethnographic approach. Result: A total of 18 studies were included in the review, and three major themes were developed: 1) cultural underpinnings, 2) communication and building relationships, and 3) managing diabetes during holidays. Conclusion: Multiple barriers and facilitators of adherence to antidiabetic medication among ethnic minority people in high-income countries have been identified. A medication adherence intervention focusing on identified barriers to adherence to antidiabetic medication in ethnic minorities may help in improving diabetes outcomes in these groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medication%20adherence" title="medication adherence">medication adherence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20minority" title=" ethnic minority"> ethnic minority</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barriers" title=" barriers"> barriers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facilitators" title=" facilitators"> facilitators</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163280/understanding-the-influence-of-ethnicity-on-adherence-to-antidiabetic-medication-meta-ethnography-and-systematic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">619</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">802</span> How Do Undergraduates of Ethnic Minorities Perceive Their Sense of Belonging to School? A Mixed Study in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiao-Fang%20Wang">Xiao-Fang Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Researchers of educational psychology have proved that students' sense of belonging to school is conducive to their academic achievement, social relations and mental health. However, little attention is paid to undergraduates' sense of belonging, especially, the distinctive student group, i.e., undergraduate students of ethnic minorities. This article utilized a mixed study approach to investigate the perceptions of undergraduates of ethnic minority toward their sense of belonging to school. The findings from qualitative and quantitative data indicate: 1) generally, the sense of belonging to school of ethnic minority undergraduate students was at the middle level. 2) Gender had an important impact on the sense of belonging, and the sense of girls was much larger than boys’. 3) The sense of belonging to school of students who come from city and town was much larger than the one of students who come from the countryside. 4) The category of subjects had significantly effected on the sense of belonging to school, and, the students from social and art science was larger than those from engineer science. The article is concluded with some valuable and relevant suggestions for university' student management activities and teachers' teaching practice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20minority" title="ethnic minority">ethnic minority</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=undergraduate%20students" title=" undergraduate students"> undergraduate students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sense%20of%20belonging" title=" sense of belonging"> sense of belonging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title=" China"> China</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35691/how-do-undergraduates-of-ethnic-minorities-perceive-their-sense-of-belonging-to-school-a-mixed-study-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35691.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">801</span> A Sociocultural View of Ethnicity of Parents and Children's Language Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thapanee%20Musiget">Thapanee Musiget</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ethnic minority children’s language learning is believed that it can be developed through school system. However, many cases prove that these kids are left to challenge with multicultural context at school and sometimes decreased the ability to acquire new learning. Consequently, it is significant for ethnicity parents to consider that prompting their children at home before their actual school age can eliminate negative outcome of children's language acquisition. This paper discusses the approach of instructional use of parents and children language learning in the context of minority language group in Thailand. By conducting this investigation, secondary source of data was gathered with the purpose to point out some primary methods for parents and children in ethnicity. The process of language learning is based on the sociocultural theory of Vygotsky, which highlights expressive communication among individuals as the best motivating force in human development and learning. The article also highlights the role of parents as they lead the instruction approach. In the discussion part, the role of ethnic minority parents as a language instructor is offered as mediator. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20minority" title="ethnic minority">ethnic minority</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20learning" title=" language learning"> language learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multicultural%20context" title=" multicultural context"> multicultural context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sociocultural%20theory" title=" sociocultural theory"> sociocultural theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52184/a-sociocultural-view-of-ethnicity-of-parents-and-childrens-language-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">800</span> Exploring the Influence of Culture on Dietary Practices and Ethnic Inequality in Health among Migrant Nigerians in the UK</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babatunde%20Johnson">Babatunde Johnson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rate of diseases and death from preventable diseases among ethnic minority groups is high when compared with the wider white population in the UK. This can be due in part to the diet consumed and various cultural reasons. Changes in dietary practices and the health of ethnic minority groups can be caused by the adoption of food practices of the host culture after migration (acculturation) and generational differences among migrants. However, understanding how and why these changes occur is limited due to the challenges of data collection in research. This research utilizes the interpretive phenomenological approach, coupled with Bourdieu’s theory used as the conceptual framework, and seeks an in-depth understanding of how adult immigrant Nigerians in the UK interpret their experience of the influence of ethnic and prevailing cultures on their dietary practice. Recruiting participants from a close-knit community, such as the Nigerian population in the UK, can be complex and problematic and is determined by the accessibility to the community. Although complex, the researcher leveraged the principles of Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) in gaining access to participants within the Nigerian community. This study emphasizes the need for a culturally tailored and community-centered approach to interventions geared toward the reduction of ethnic health inequality in the UK other than the existing practice, which focuses on better healthy eating through the improvement of skills and knowledge about food groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title="culture">culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietary%20practice" title=" dietary practice"> dietary practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20minority" title=" ethnic minority"> ethnic minority</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20inequality" title=" health inequality"> health inequality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170343/exploring-the-influence-of-culture-on-dietary-practices-and-ethnic-inequality-in-health-among-migrant-nigerians-in-the-uk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170343.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">799</span> Ethnic Food Consumption: Experiencing Consumer Animosity and Racism on the Front</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rana%20Muhammad%20Ayyub">Rana Muhammad Ayyub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Bilal"> Muhammad Bilal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahir%20Mahmood"> Tahir Mahmood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In multicultural societies, food preferences are taking dimensions in both minorities as well as majority ethnic groups. The food consumption behavior of minority ethnic groups has been studied adequately; however, this paper intends to study the consumer behavioral dimensions of majority ethnic groups regarding Halal foods (a minority-related food) in the USA. In this quantitative study, the online questionnaire survey (n=223) was collected through surveymonkey.com from non-Muslims living in various cities in the USA through random sampling. The theory of consumer animosity was a theoretical underpinning. The validated scales were adopted and adapted for all constructs. AMOS 24 was used to apply structural equation modelling (SEM) to the data. Among the majority of ethnic groups, it was found that consumer racism (β= -25) and consumer animosity (β= - 27) negatively affect intention to choose Halal foods, whereas food neophobia has a positive effect (β=36) on this intention. This study will prove instrumental in removing the blame of “Marketing Myopia” from marketing academics and will highlight the importance of prevalent market realities for one of the fastest growing ethnic food markets, i.e., Halal of the world. It has practical implications for Halal food marketers in particular and other ethnic food marketers in general. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20racism" title="consumer racism">consumer racism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animosity" title=" animosity"> animosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halal%20foods" title=" Halal foods"> Halal foods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20consumption" title=" ethnic consumption"> ethnic consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20neophobia" title=" food neophobia"> food neophobia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153040/ethnic-food-consumption-experiencing-consumer-animosity-and-racism-on-the-front" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">798</span> The Influence of English Learning on Ethnic Kazakh Minority Students’ Identity (Re)Construction at Chinese Universities </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharapat%20Sharapat">Sharapat Sharapat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> English language is perceived as cultural capital in many non-native English-speaking countries, and minority groups in these social contexts seem to invest in the language to be empowered and reposition themselves from the imbalanced power relation with the dominant group. This study is devoted to explore how English learning influence minority Kazakh students’ identity (re)construction at Chinese universities from the scope of ‘imagined community, investment, and identity’ theory of Norton (2013). To this end the three research questions were designed as follows: 1) Kazakh minority students’ English learning experiences at Chinese universities; 2) Kazakh minority students’ views about benefits and opportunities of English learning; 3) the influence of English learning on Kazakh minority students’ identity (re)construction. The study employs an interview-based qualitative research method by interviewing nine Kazakh minority students in universities in Xinjiang and other inland cities in China. The findings suggest that through English learning, some students have reconstructed multiple identities as multicultural and global identities, which created ‘a third space’ to break limits of their ethnic and national identities and confused identity as someone in-between. Meanwhile, most minority students were empowered by the English language to resist inferior or marginalized positions and reconstruct imagined elite identity. However, English learning disempowered students who have little previous English education in school and placed them on unequal footing with other students, which further escalated the educational inequities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minority%20in%20China" title="minority in China">minority in China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity%20construction" title=" identity construction"> identity construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilingual%20education" title=" multilingual education"> multilingual education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20empowerment" title=" language empowerment"> language empowerment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129160/the-influence-of-english-learning-on-ethnic-kazakh-minority-students-identity-reconstruction-at-chinese-universities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129160.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">797</span> Ethnic Entrepreneurships: Minority Ethnic Students in UiTM Sabah and UMS Perceptions towards Entrepreneurialism Business Interest </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lizinis%20Cassendra%20Frederick%20Dony">Lizinis Cassendra Frederick Dony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dewi%20Binti%20Tajuddin"> Dewi Binti Tajuddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jirom%20Jeremy%20Frederick%20Dony"> Jirom Jeremy Frederick Dony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Nicholas"> Andrew Nicholas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Unemployed graduates have become among the world major concerns lately. 70% of Malaysian graduates are jobless. Due to this concerns, this paper aims to identify major factors influencing Sabah minority ethnic favorable in the entrepreneurialism business interest. Hence, extensive introductory entrepreneurship syllabus clusters development beginning from the early childhood, primary, secondary and university students. This may induce interest appeal and to develop focus group of self-employment. The study focus on 7 indicators consist of demographic profiles variable (DP), social norms (SN), attitude (A), self-efficacy (SE) and business management skills (BMS) with reference to university students’ entrepreneurial intention. This study also partially mediates the relationship between product attractiveness (PA) and the minority ethnic entrepreneurialism business interest (MEEBI), by testifying their direct and indirect relationships. Hence, this study provides new perception towards improving the graduates’ characteristic, capabilities to exploit the business opportunities in the market. Furthermore, this paper will assess the relationship with the product attractiveness(PA) as a mediator. The study encompasses on the type of Sabah minority ethnic (ME) and nature of family own business (FOB) background with the 280 samples students in UiTM Sabah and UMS. The descriptive and random sampling method of research which revealed that majority of the respondents agreed that FOB and entrepreneurship education had positively influenced the ethnic students’ involvement in the entrepreneurial process and career development either full-time or part-time basis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demographic%20profile%20%28DP%29" title="Demographic profile (DP)">Demographic profile (DP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soci" title=" soci"> soci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unemployed%20graduates" title=" unemployed graduates"> unemployed graduates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malaysian%20minority" title=" Malaysian minority"> Malaysian minority</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30685/ethnic-entrepreneurships-minority-ethnic-students-in-uitm-sabah-and-ums-perceptions-towards-entrepreneurialism-business-interest" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30685.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">796</span> Disparities in Suicide and Mental Health among Student Athletes of Ethnic and Racial Minorities Compared to Their White Non-latinx Counterparts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elizabeth%20Russo">Elizabeth Russo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angelica%20Terepka"> Angelica Terepka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present paper reviews literature examining trends among suicide, suicidal ideation, and mental illness rates in ethnic and racial minority student-athletes. While the rates of suicide amongst student athlete populations is lower than rates of suicide seen in the general student populations, there is a discrepancy amongst rates of suicide in student athletes; specifically, those identifying with racial and ethnic minority backgrounds endorse higher rates of suicidal ideation. The samples from the existing literature consisted of White, Black, Hispanic/Latinx, Asian/ Pacific Islander, Multiracial, and Native American student-athletes. Studies suggest that ethnic and racial minority students are more susceptible to suicide, depression, and other mental health concerns compared to their white counterparts. Across the literature, White student athletes appeared to have more social and academic support from fellow classmates, university administration and professors, and staff within their athletic departments. Student athletes who did not identify as White endorsed higher rates of loneliness, felt ethnically and racially underrepresented within their athletic department, and endorsed lack of appropriate medical treatment for injuries by athletic department medical staff. Additionally, non-White student athletes receive less peer support and must balance additional stressors such as discrimination in contrast to their White/non-Latinx peers. Recommendations for athletic departments and mental health providers supporting student athletes who identify as racial and ethnic minorities are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=racial%20and%20ethnic%20minority" title="racial and ethnic minority">racial and ethnic minority</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suicide" title=" suicide"> suicide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student-athlete" title=" student-athlete"> student-athlete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suicidal%20ideation" title=" suicidal ideation"> suicidal ideation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169502/disparities-in-suicide-and-mental-health-among-student-athletes-of-ethnic-and-racial-minorities-compared-to-their-white-non-latinx-counterparts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169502.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">795</span> The Affect of Ethnic Minority People: A Prediction by Gender and Marital Status</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20M.%20Rezaul%20Karim">A. K. M. Rezaul Karim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abu%20Yusuf%20Mahmud"> Abu Yusuf Mahmud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Mahmud"> S. H. Mahmud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study aimed to investigate whether the affect (experience of feeling or emotion) of ethnic minority people can be predicted by gender and marital status. Toward this end, positive affect and negative affect of 103 adult indigenous persons were measured. Analysis of data in multiple regressions demonstrated that both gender and marital status are significantly associated with positive affect (Gender: β=.318, p < .001; Marital status: β=.201, p < .05), but not with negative affect. Results indicated that the indigenous males have 0.32 standard deviations increased positive affect as compared to the indigenous females and that married individuals have 0.20 standard deviations increased positive affect as compared to their unmarried counterparts. These findings advance our understanding that gender and marital status inequalities in the experience of emotion are not specific to the mainstream society; rather it is a generalized picture of all societies. In general, men possess more positive affect than females; married persons possess more positive affect than the unmarried persons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20affect" title="positive affect">positive affect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negative%20affect" title=" negative affect"> negative affect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20minority" title=" ethnic minority"> ethnic minority</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marital%20status" title=" marital status"> marital status</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5538/the-affect-of-ethnic-minority-people-a-prediction-by-gender-and-marital-status" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5538.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">448</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">794</span> A Critical Discourse Analysis of Intersectionality, the Ideal Worker and the Professionalized UK Non-Profit Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicola%20Bentham">Nicola Bentham</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drawing on the concept of the Ideal Worker and Intersectionality as a Critical Social theory, this research examines to what extent minority ethnic female workers are excluded from the Ideal Worker concept in non-profits, specifically whilst these organizations undergo change to become more professionalized. Critical Discourse Analysis was used to analyse semi-structured interviews from 21 workers, including minority ethnic female, male and non-binary workers, who all represent a range of job roles across the non-profit sector (e.g., trustees, consultants, fundraisers, recruiters, Human Resource (HR), Equity, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) professionals, etc.). Organizational literature, which provides the symbolic capital for the Ideal Worker concept within this sector and used by these workers within career development and recruitment practices, was further examined. Non-profits present an interesting context of tensions, given their historical ethos of philanthropic social change, whilst changing their present-day organisational practices to reflect the professionalized for-profit sector. This research aims to examine the technologies of inclusion that are used to validate the Ideal Worker concept and the tensions between the projected organisational rhetoric advocating for societal change and those internalized organizational practices that perpetuate workplace inequalities for minority ethnic females. In doing so, this research will provide an insight into the interplay between inclusion, performativity and underrepresentation; examining whether the latter can improve. This research contributes to the call for action regarding effective inclusion practices within non-profit organizations by advocating the use of a critical framework to be incorporated within organizational equity and inclusion strategies; thereby enabling effective sector-wide representation for minoritized workers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20discourse%20analysis" title="critical discourse analysis">critical discourse analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professionalization" title=" professionalization"> professionalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20change" title=" organizational change"> organizational change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ideal%20worker" title=" ideal worker"> ideal worker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-profit" title=" non-profit"> non-profit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=third%20sector" title=" third sector"> third sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charity" title=" charity"> charity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intersectionality" title=" intersectionality"> intersectionality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusion" title=" inclusion"> inclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minority%20ethnic%20female" title=" minority ethnic female"> minority ethnic female</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172960/a-critical-discourse-analysis-of-intersectionality-the-ideal-worker-and-the-professionalized-uk-non-profit-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">793</span> An Investigation of Migrants' Attitudes towards Their Ethnic Languages: A Study of Angolan Migrants in Namibia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julia%20Indongo%20-%20Haiduwa">Julia Indongo - Haiduwa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study looks at the attitudes of Angolan migrants in the informal sectors towards their ethnic languages. The assumption is most Angolan migrants speak Portuguese instead of their ethnic languages as they lack interest in their ethnic languages. The study was qualitative in nature, and 20 Angolan migrants who are operating in the informal sector where purposively selected for the semistructured interviews. The study revealed that many Angolan has negative attitudes towards their ethnic language because even prior to their migration to Namibia, they use Portuguese to communicate as opposed to their ethnic languages. The ethnic languages are associated with old people and the ethnic languages do not offer the migrants any economic benefits. The study recommends that there is a need for the revitalization of Angolan ethnic languages in Namibia in order to maintain the language and prevent them from dying. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20languages%20language%20attitude" title="ethnic languages language attitude">ethnic languages language attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language" title=" language"> language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=choice" title=" choice"> choice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20maintenance" title=" language maintenance"> language maintenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilingualism" title=" multilingualism"> multilingualism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128898/an-investigation-of-migrants-attitudes-towards-their-ethnic-languages-a-study-of-angolan-migrants-in-namibia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">792</span> The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis and Multicultural Effects on Translators: A Case Study from Chinese Ethnic Minority Literature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuqiao%20Zhou">Yuqiao Zhou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis (SWH) emphasizes the effect produced by language on people’s minds. According to linguistic relativity, language has evolved over the course of human life on earth, and, in turn, the acquisition of language shapes learners’ thoughts. Despite much attention drawn by SWH, few scholars have attempted to analyse people’s thoughts via their literary works. And yet, the linguistic choices that create a narrative can enable us to examine its writer’s thoughts. Still, less work has been done on the impact of language on the minds of bilingual people. Internationalization has resulted in an increasing number of bilingual and multilingual individuals. In China, where more than one hundred languages are used for communication, most people are bilingual in Mandarin Chinese (the official language of China) and their own dialect. Taking as its corpus the ethnic minority myth of Ge Sa-er Wang by Alai and its English translation by Goldblatt and Lin, this paper aims to analyse the effects of culture on bilingual people’s minds. It will first analyse Alai’s thoughts on using the original version of Ge Sa-er Wang; next, it will examine the thoughts of the two translators by looking at translation choices made in the English version; finally, it will compare the cultural influences evident in the thoughts of Alai, and Goldblatt and Lin. Whereas Alai can speak two Sino-Tibetan languages – Mandarin Chinese and Tibetan – Goldblatt and Lin can speak two languages from different families – Mandarin Chinese (a Sino-Tibetan language) and English (an Indo-European language). The results reveal two systems of thought existing in the translators’ minds; Alai’s text, on the other hand, does not reveal a significant influence from North China, where Mandarin Chinese originated. The findings reveal the inconsistency of a second language’s influence on people’s minds. Notably, they suggest that the more different the two languages are, the greater the influence produced by the second language culture on people’s thoughts. It is hoped that this research will expand the scope of SWH as well as shed light on future translation studies on ethnic minority literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sapir-Whorf%20hypothesis" title="Sapir-Whorf hypothesis">Sapir-Whorf hypothesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20translation" title=" cultural translation"> cultural translation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural-specific%20items" title=" cultural-specific items"> cultural-specific items</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ge%20Sa-er%20Wang" title=" Ge Sa-er Wang"> Ge Sa-er Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20minority%20literature" title=" ethnic minority literature"> ethnic minority literature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tibet" title=" Tibet"> Tibet</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157481/the-sapir-whorf-hypothesis-and-multicultural-effects-on-translators-a-case-study-from-chinese-ethnic-minority-literature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">791</span> The Use of Cross-cultural Approaches (CCAs) in Psychotherapy in Addressing Mental Health Issues Amongst Women of Ethnic Minority</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adaku%20Thelma%20Olatise">Adaku Thelma Olatise</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mental health disparities among women from diverse ethnic, cultural, and religious backgrounds remain a pressing concern, particularly as current psychotherapeutic models often fail to address the unique challenges these groups face. This is of particular concern since epidemiological studies across various countries and cultures consistently demonstrate higher prevalence rates of common mental disorders amongst these groups of women because of a lack of access to culturally oriented psychotherapeutic services. This literature review aims to examine how CCAs in psychotherapy can address the specific ethnic, cultural, and religious challenges women encounter in accessing mental health care. A search of relevant articles was conducted through PsycARTICLES and PubMed databases, using terms such as ‘mental health’, ‘women’, ‘culture’, and ‘ethnic minorities’. Supplementary searches on Google Scholar were also performed to capture literature not covered by traditional databases. While the importance of cross-cultural approaches in psychotherapy has become more apparent because people from diverse ethnic backgrounds inevitably perceive the world through different lenses, influencing their interpretations of human behavior and norms, there is a notable gap in the literature in understanding the influences of using of CCAs in psychotherapy amongst women of an ethnic minority. This gap not only reflects a poor understanding of the complex stressors faced by these women—such as familial, communal, and societal expectations—but also highlights the lack of support and culturally adapted interventions available to them. Even though scholars have posited that aligning treatment approaches with patients' cultural backgrounds is important to enhance therapeutic effectiveness, and the acknowledgment of culture is crucial in psychotherapy theory and practice. As well as the increasing global focus on psychotherapy applications that integrate non-Western practices, such as spiritual healing and community-based interventions, the adaptation of these approaches in mainstream mental health care has remained limited. This review found that the expectations and experiences of ethnic minority women were heavily influenced by family and community pressures. However, there were limited evidence-based, culturally oriented psychotherapeutic interventions tailored to ethnic minority women. This gap extends to inadequate representation of minority groups in clinical research, as well as a lack of culturally validated mental health outcome measures. Furthermore, studies have shown that psychotherapeutic models have largely been Western-oriented and Euro-centric because of socially constructed hierarchies. The origin of psychology from the Western world has predominantly reflected Western cultural traditions, shaped by historical, linguistic, and sociopolitical influences. These factors have led to a lack of recognition of therapeutic approaches from minority ethnic groups and the biases that emanate from hegemonic cultural beliefs and power dynamics influence the decisions about which psychotherapeutic modalities to integrate and practice. Therefore, this plethora of factors adds to the challenges women from ethnically and culturally diverse backgrounds face in accessing mental health services at the individual, familial, community, and societal levels. In conclusion, a cross-cultural approach is urgently needed within psychotherapy to address these challenges, ensuring that treatment frameworks are both culturally sensitive and gender responsive. Only by considering the lived experiences of minority women, particularly in relation to their cultural and religious contexts, can mental health services provide the appropriate care necessary to support their well-being. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health" title="mental health">mental health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women" title=" women"> women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnicity" title=" ethnicity"> ethnicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191960/the-use-of-cross-cultural-approaches-ccas-in-psychotherapy-in-addressing-mental-health-issues-amongst-women-of-ethnic-minority" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">24</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">790</span> Multiple Identity Construction among Multilingual Minorities: A Quantitative Sociolinguistic Case Study </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefanie%20Siebenh%C3%BCtter">Stefanie Siebenhütter</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to reveal criterions involved in the process of identity-forming among multilingual minority language speakers in Northeastern Thailand and in the capital Bangkok. Using sociolinguistic interviews and questionnaires, it is asked which factors are important for speakers and how they define their identity by their interactions socially as well as linguistically. One key question to answer is how sociolinguistic factors may force or diminish the process of forming social identity of multilingual minority speakers. However, the motivation for specific language use is rarely overt to the speaker’s themselves as well as to others. Therefore, identifying the intentions included in the process of identity construction is to approach by scrutinizing speaker’s behavior and attitudes. Combining methods used in sociolinguistics and social psychology allows uncovering the tools for identity construction that ethnic Kui uses to range themselves within a multilingual setting. By giving an overview of minority speaker’s language use in context of the specific border near multilingual situation and asking how speakers construe identity within this spatial context, the results exhibit some of the subtle and mostly unconscious criterions involved in the ongoing process of identity construction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20identity" title="social identity">social identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity%20construction" title=" identity construction"> identity construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minority%20language" title=" minority language"> minority language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilingualism" title=" multilingualism"> multilingualism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20networks" title=" social networks"> social networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20boundaries" title=" social boundaries"> social boundaries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114208/multiple-identity-construction-among-multilingual-minorities-a-quantitative-sociolinguistic-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114208.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">789</span> Self-Management among the Ethnic Groups with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siwarak%20Kitchanapaibul">Siwarak Kitchanapaibul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Warren%20Gillibrand"> Warren Gillibrand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rob%20Burton"> Rob Burton</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The prevalence of diabetes mellitus has been rising all over the world. Self-management is required for diabetes mellitus patients. The objective of this study is to explore the self-management among the ethnic groups with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Thailand, an upper middle-income country which is located in South East Asia. The ethnic groups in Thailand are a minority group which has limited education and a different culture, language, costume and lifestyle from Thai people. The qualitative exploratory study was used in this study. In-depth interviews with semi-structured open questions were conducted by 20 participants from purposive sampling. These participants were the ethnic groups who have type 2 diabetes mellitus, received the services from a region hospital, understood Thai and were willing to participate. Content analysis was adopted for the study. The results showed that all of the participants controlled their diet before the appointment day and never miss their appointment. Only 3 participants did their exercise while 2 participants stated that they occasionally forgot to take medicine. 10 participants use the herbs for reducing the sugar level. 12 participants drank a lot of water after a lapse in the diet because they believed that water could dilute the sugar. The findings identified 5 themes; ‘controlling diet before appointment day’; ‘drinking water after a lapse in diet’; ‘medication being a vital importance’; ‘exercise is unimportant’; and ‘taking herbs for sugar reduction’. The results of this study are important to the health professionals to understand the self-management of Ethnic groups and use the data to create the appropriate intervention for promoting health among the ethnic groups with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Thailand. The findings will lead to the revision of health policy and the procedure for promoting health in this special ethnic groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-management" title="self-management">self-management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20groups" title=" ethnic groups"> ethnic groups</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thailand" title=" Thailand"> Thailand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67048/self-management-among-the-ethnic-groups-with-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">788</span> Occupational Attainment of Second Generation of Ethnic Minority Immigrants in the UK</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rukhsana%20Kausar">Rukhsana Kausar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Issam%20Malki"> Issam Malki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The integration and assimilation of ethnic minority immigrants (EMIs) and their subsequent generations remains a serious unsettled issue in most of the host countries. This study conducts the labour market gender analysis to investigate specifically whether second generation of ethnic minority immigrants in the UK is gaining access to professional and managerial employment and advantaged occupational positions on par with their native counterparts. The data used to examine the labour market achievements of EMIs is taken from Labour Force Survey (LFS) for the period 2014-2018. We apply a multivalued treatment under ignorability as proposed by Cattaneo (2010), which refers to treatment effects under the assumptions of (i) selection – on – observables and (ii) common support. We report estimates of Average Treatment Effect (ATE), Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATET), and Potential Outcomes Means (POM) using three estimators, including the Regression Adjustment (RA), Augmented Inverse Probability Weighting (AIPW) and Inverse Probability Weighting- Regression Adjustment (IPWRA). We consider two cases: the case with four categories where the first-generation natives are the base category, the second case combine all natives as a base group. Our findings suggest the following. Under Case 1, the estimated probabilities and differences across groups are consistently similar and highly significant. As expected, first generation natives have the highest probability for higher career attainment among both men and women. The findings also suggest that first generation immigrants perform better than the remaining two groups, including the second-generation natives and immigrants. Furthermore, second generation immigrants have higher probability to attain higher professional career, while this is lower for a managerial career. Similar conclusions are reached under Case 2. That is to say that both first – generation and second – generation immigrants have a lower probability for higher career and managerial attainment. First – generation immigrants are found to perform better than second – generation immigrants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immigrnats" title="immigrnats">immigrnats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second%20generation" title=" second generation"> second generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20attainment" title=" occupational attainment"> occupational attainment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnicity" title=" ethnicity"> ethnicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151153/occupational-attainment-of-second-generation-of-ethnic-minority-immigrants-in-the-uk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151153.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">787</span> Minority Language Policy and Planning in Manchester, Britain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20F.%20Othman">Mohamed F. Othman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Manchester, Britain has become the destination of immigrants from different parts of the world. As a result, it is currently home to over 150 different ethnic languages. The present study investigates minority language policy and planning at the micro-level of the city. In order to get an in-depth investigation of such a policy, it was decided to cover it from two angles: the first is the policy making process. This was aimed at getting insights on how decisions regarding the provision of government services in minority languages are taken and what criteria are employed. The second angle is the service provider; i.e. the different departments in Manchester City Council (MCC), the NHS, the courts, and police, etc., to obtain information on the actual provisions of services. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with different personnel representing different departments in MCC, solicitors, interpreters, etc.; through the internet, e.g. the websites of MCC, NHS, courts, and police, etc.; and via personal observation of provisions of community languages in government services. The results show that Manchester’s language policy is formulated around two concepts that work simultaneously: one is concerned with providing services in community languages in order to help minorities manage their life until they acquire English, and the other with helping the integration of minorities through encouraging them to learn English. In this regard, different government services are provided in community languages, though to varying degrees, depending on the numerical strength of each individual language. Thus, it is concluded that there is awareness in MCC and other government agencies working in Manchester of the linguistic diversity of the city and there are serious attempts to meet this diversity in their services. It is worth mentioning here that providing such services in minority languages are not meant to support linguistic diversity, but rather to maintain the legal right to equal opportunities among the residents of Manchester and to avoid any misunderstanding that may result due to the language barrier, especially in such areas as hospitals, courts, and police. There is actually no explicitly-mentioned language policy regarding minorities in Manchester; rather, there is an implied or covert policy resulting from factors that are not explicitly documented. That is, there are guidelines from the central government, which emphasize the principle of equal opportunities; then the implementation of such guidelines requires providing services in the different ethnic languages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20language" title="community language">community language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=covert%20language%20policy" title=" covert language policy"> covert language policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-language%20policy%20and%20planning" title=" micro-language policy and planning"> micro-language policy and planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minority%20language" title=" minority language"> minority language</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73366/minority-language-policy-and-planning-in-manchester-britain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73366.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">786</span> Community, Identity, and Resistance in Minority Literature: Arab American Poets - Samuel Hazo, Nathalie Handal, and Naomi Shihab Nye</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reem%20Saad%20Alqahtani">Reem Saad Alqahtani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drawing on minority literature, this research highlights the role of three contemporary Arab American writers, considering the significance of the historical and cultural contexts of the brutal attacks of 9/11. The focus of the research is to draw attention to the poetry of Samuel Hazo, Nathalie Handal, and Naomi Shihab Nye as representatives of the identity crisis, whose experiences left them feeling marginalized and alienated in both societies, and reflected as one of the ethnic American minority groups, as demonstrated in their poetry, with a special focus on hybridity, resistance, identity, and empowerment. The study explores the writers’ post-9/11 experience, affected by the United States’ long history of marginalization and discrimination against people of colour, placing Arab American literature with that of other ethnic American groups who share the same experience and contribute to composing literature characterized by the aesthetics of cultural hybridity, cultural complexity, and the politics of minorities to promote solidarity and coalition building. Indeed, the three selected Arab American writers have found a link between their narration and the identity of the exiled by establishing an identity that is a kind of synthesis of diverse identities of Western reality and Eastern nostalgia. The approaches applied in this study will include historical/biographical, postcolonial, and discourse analysis. The first will be used to emphasize the influence of the biographical aspects related to the community, identity, and resistance of the three poets on their poetry. The second is used to investigate the effects of postcolonialism on the poets and their responses to it, while the third understand the sociocultural, political, and historical dimensions of the texts, establishing these poets as representative of the Arab American experience. This study is significant because it will help shed light on the importance of the Arabic hybrid identity in creating resistance to minority communities within American society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arab%20American" title="Arab American">Arab American</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity" title=" identity"> identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybridity" title=" hybridity"> hybridity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-9%2F11" title=" post-9/11"> post-9/11</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145223/community-identity-and-resistance-in-minority-literature-arab-american-poets-samuel-hazo-nathalie-handal-and-naomi-shihab-nye" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145223.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">785</span> The Relationship between Sexual Minority Stress and Sexual Satisfaction: A Meta-Analytic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Terri%20A.%20Croteau">Terri A. Croteau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Todd%20G.%20Morrison"> Todd G. Morrison</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite increased scholarly attention paid to minority stress and sexual satisfaction among sexual minorities, to the authors’ knowledge, no researchers, to date, have attempted to synthesize this literature. To address this omission, the authors conducted a meta-analytic review of the association between sexual minority stress (i.e., sexual identity stigma, internalized sexual identity stigma, and sexual identity concealment) and sexual satisfaction. Twenty-seven articles containing 58 effect sizes were analyzed (N = 183,582). Findings indicated a small, inverse relationship between these constructs, indicating that minority stress may lead to diminished sexual satisfaction among gay/lesbian and bisexual individuals. Further, the overall effect size varied as a function of minority stress type, such that the effect for internalized stigma was significantly larger than the effects for stigma or concealment. Age also moderated the relationship between minority stress and sexual satisfaction; specifically, older age was associated with a smaller effect, suggesting that older adults may be better at coping with minority stress than younger adults. Limitations, implications, and directions for future research are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minority%20stress" title="minority stress">minority stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stigma" title=" stigma"> stigma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexual%20satisfaction" title=" sexual satisfaction"> sexual satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexual%20minorities" title=" sexual minorities"> sexual minorities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176573/the-relationship-between-sexual-minority-stress-and-sexual-satisfaction-a-meta-analytic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176573.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">784</span> Woman, House, Identity: The Study of the Role of House in Constructing the Contemporary Dong Minority Woman’s Identity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sze%20Wai%20Veera%20Fung">Sze Wai Veera Fung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20W.%20Ferretto"> Peter W. Ferretto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Similar to most ethnic groups in China, men of the Dong minority hold the primary position in policymaking, moral authority, social values, and the control of the property. As the spatial embodiment of the patriarchal ideals, the house plays a significant role in producing and reproducing the distinctive gender status within the Dong society. Nevertheless, Dong women do not see their home as a cage of confinement, nor do they see themselves as a victim of oppression. For these women with reference to their productive identity, a house is a dwelling place with manifold meanings, including a proof of identity, an economic instrument, and a public resource operating on the community level. This paper examines the role of the house as a central site for identity construction and maintenance for the southern dialect Dong minority women in Hunan, China. Drawing on recent interviews with the Dong women, this study argues that women as productive individuals have a strong influence on the form of their house and the immediate environment, regardless of the male-dominated social construct of the Dong society. The aim of this study is not to produce a definitive relationship between women, house, and identity. Rather, it seeks to offer an alternative lens into the complexity and diversity of gender dynamics operating in and beyond the boundary of the house in the context of contemporary rural China. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conception%20of%20home" title="conception of home">conception of home</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20minority" title=" Dong minority"> Dong minority</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=house" title=" house"> house</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20China" title=" rural China"> rural China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=woman%E2%80%99s%20identity" title=" woman’s identity"> woman’s identity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147764/woman-house-identity-the-study-of-the-role-of-house-in-constructing-the-contemporary-dong-minority-womans-identity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147764.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">783</span> Not ‘Just Danish’: How Young Multiracial Danes Challenge White Hegemony</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mette%20Evelyn%20Bjerre">Mette Evelyn Bjerre</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nordic Exceptionalism is a racial paradigm that inhibits a critical examination of structural discrimination and the daily experiences of minority-racialised Danes. As a result, the category ethnic-Danish is a White hegemonic construct that limits access for multiracial ethnic Danes irrespective of their multigenerational Danish heritage. An anti-immigrant public discourse and frequent racialisation as ‘other’ in social interactions are part of a boundary-making process that sustains White hegemony and excludes multiracial ethnic Danes from a collective national identity. With an analysis of interview data with 40 multiracial ethnic Danes, this research finds that the understanding of race as a category and the salience of race for multiracial ethnic Danes has changed over time concurrently with demographic changes and a heightened awareness of racialisation processes. The older generation is more likely to conform to White hegemony by trivialising racialised experiences. In contrast, younger multiracial ethnic Danes have the knowledge and cultural capital to challenge Whiteness actively. They do this by claiming their multiracial identity as a crucial part of their Danish identity and acknowledging race as a social fact that impacts their lives. Many young multiracial participants also dispute that the public immigration debate is race-neutral and is active in organisations supporting immigrants and refugees. These findings suggest that young multiracial Danes are uniquely positioned to push public discourse toward a better understanding of how Whiteness is integral to national identity and advocate for a broader Danish identity type that challenges White hegemony and Nordic exceptionalism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiracial%20Danes" title="multiracial Danes">multiracial Danes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nordic%20exceptionalism" title=" nordic exceptionalism"> nordic exceptionalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=racial%20identity" title=" racial identity"> racial identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white%20hegemony" title=" white hegemony"> white hegemony</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189358/not-just-danish-how-young-multiracial-danes-challenge-white-hegemony" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189358.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">782</span> A Study on Economic Impacts of Entrepreneurial Firms and Self-Employment: Minority Ethnics in Putatan, Penampang, Inanam, Menggatal, Uitm, Tongod, Sabah, Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lizinis%20Cassendra%20Frederick%20Dony">Lizinis Cassendra Frederick Dony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jirom%20Jeremy%20Frederick%20Dony"> Jirom Jeremy Frederick Dony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Nicholas"> Andrew Nicholas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dewi%20Binti%20Tajuddin"> Dewi Binti Tajuddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Starting and surviving a business is influenced by various entrepreneurship socio-economics activities. The study revealed that some of the entrepreneurs are not registered under SME but running own business as an intermediary with the private organization entrusted as “Self-Employed.” SME is known as “Small Medium Enterprise” contributes growth in Malaysia. Therefore, the entrepreneurialism business interest and entrepreneurial intention enhancing new spurring production, expanding employment opportunities, increasing productivity, promoting exports, stimulating innovation and providing new avenue in the business market place. This study has identified the unique contribution to the full understanding of complex mechanisms through entrepreneurship obstacles and education impacts on happiness and well-being to society. Moreover, “Ethnic” term has defined as a curious meaning refers to a classification of a large group of people customs implies to ancestral, racial, national, tribal, religious, linguistic and cultural origins. It is a social phenomenon.1 According to Sabah data population is amounting to 2,389,494 showed the predominant ethnic group being the Kadazan Dusun (18.4%) followed by Bajau (17.3%) and Malays (15.3%). For the year 2010, data statistic immigrants population report showed the amount to 239,765 people which cover 4% of the Sabahan’s population.2 Sabah has numerous group of talented entrepreneurs. The business environment among the minority ethnics are influenced with the business sentiment competition. The literature on ethnic entrepreneurship recognizes two main type entrepreneurships: the middleman and enclave entrepreneurs. According to Adam Smith,3 there are evidently some principles disposition to admire and maintain the distinction business rank status and cause most universal business sentiments. Due to credit barriers competition, the minority ethnics are losing the business market and since 2014, many illegal immigrants have been found to be using permits of the locals to operate businesses in Malaysia.4 The development of small business entrepreneurship among the minority ethnics in Sabah evidenced based variety of complex perception and differences concepts. The studies also confirmed the effects of heterogeneity on group decision and thinking caused partly by excessive pre-occupation with maintaining cohesiveness and the presence of cultural diversity in groups should reduce its probability.5 The researchers proposed that there are seven success determinants particularly to determine the involvement of minority ethnics comparing to the involvement of the immigrants in Sabah. Although, (SMEs) have always been considered the backbone of the economy development, the minority ethnics are often categorized it as the “second-choice.’ The study showed that illegal immigrants entrepreneur imposed a burden on Sabahan social programs as well as the prison, court and health care systems. The tension between the need for cheap labor and the impulse to protect Malaysian in Sabah workers, entrepreneurs and taxpayers, among the subjects discussed in this study. This is clearly can be advantages and disadvantages to the Sabah economic development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurial%20firms" title="entrepreneurial firms">entrepreneurial firms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-employed" title=" self-employed"> self-employed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immigrants" title=" immigrants"> immigrants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minority%20ethnic" title=" minority ethnic"> minority ethnic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20impacts" title=" economic impacts"> economic impacts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31264/a-study-on-economic-impacts-of-entrepreneurial-firms-and-self-employment-minority-ethnics-in-putatan-penampang-inanam-menggatal-uitm-tongod-sabah-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31264.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">781</span> Colorful Ethnoreligious Map of Iraq and the Current Situation of Minorities in the Country</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mesz%C3%A1r%20T%C3%A1rik">Meszár Tárik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the study is to introduce the minority groups living in Iraq and to shed light on their current situation. The Middle East is a rather heterogeneous region in ethnic terms. It includes many ethnic, national, religious, linguistic, or ethnoreligious groups. The relationship between the majority and minority is the main cause of various conflicts in the region. It seems that most of the post-Ottoman states have not yet developed a unified national identity capable of integrating their multi-ethnic societies. The issue of minorities living in the Middle East is highly politicized and controversial, as the various Arab states consider the treatment of minorities as their internal affair, do not recognize discrimination or even deny the existence of any kind of minorities on their territory. This attitude of the Middle Eastern states may also be due to the fact that the minority issue can be abused and can serve as a reference point for the intervention policies of Western countries at any time. Methodologically, the challenges of these groups are perceived through the manifestos of prominent individuals and organizations belonging to minorities. The basic aim is to present the minorities’ own history in dealing with the issue. It also introduces the different ethnic and religious minorities in Iraq and analyzes their situation during the operation of the terrorist organization „Islamic State” and in the aftermath. It is clear that the situation of these communities deteriorated significantly with the advance of ISIS, but it is also clear that even after the expulsion of the militant group, we cannot necessarily report an improvement in this area, especially in terms of the ability of minorities to assert their interests and physical security. The emergence of armed militias involved in the expulsion of ISIS sometimes has extremely negative effects on them. Until the interests of non-Muslims are adequately represented at the local level and in the legislature, most experts and advocates believe that little will change in their situation. When conflicts flare, many Iraqi citizens usually leave Iraq, but because of the poor public security situation (threats from terrorist organizations, interventions by other countries), emigration causes serious problems not only outside the country’s borders but also within the country. Another ominous implication for minorities is that their communities are very slow if ever, to return to their homes after fleeing their own settlements. An important finding of the study is that this phenomenon is changing the face of traditional Iraqi settlements and threatens to plunge groups that have lived there for thousands of years into the abyss of history. Therefore, we not only present the current situation of minorities living in Iraq but also discuss their future possibilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Middle%20East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iraq" title=" Iraq"> Iraq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20State" title=" Islamic State"> Islamic State</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minorities" title=" minorities"> minorities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160748/colorful-ethnoreligious-map-of-iraq-and-the-current-situation-of-minorities-in-the-country" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160748.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">780</span> Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities: An Investigation of the Relationship between Race, Ethnicity, Health Care Access, and Health Status</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorcas%20Matowe">Dorcas Matowe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inequality in health care for racial and ethnic minorities continues to be a growing concern for many Americans. Some of the barriers hindering the elimination of health disparities include lack of insurance, socioeconomic status (SES), and racism. This study will specifically focus on the association between some of these factors- health care access, which includes insurance coverage and frequency of doctor visits, race, ethnicity, and health status. The purpose of this study will be to address the following questions: is having health insurance associated with increased doctor visits? Are racial and ethnic minorities with health insurance more or less likely to see a doctor? Is the association between having health insurance moderated by being an ethnic minority? Given the current implications of the 2010 Affordable Care Act, this study will highlight the need to prioritize health care access for minorities and confront institutional racism. Critical Race Theory (CRT) will demonstrate how racism has reinforced these health disparities. This quantitative study design will analyze secondary data from the 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) questionnaire, a telephone survey conducted annually in all 50 states and three US territories by state health departments in conjunction with the Center for Disease Control (CDC). Non-identifying health-related data is gathered annually from over 400,000 adults 18 years and above about their health status and use of preventative services. Through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the relationship between the predictor variables of health care access, race, and ethnicity, the criterion variable of health status, and the latent variables of emotional support and life satisfaction will be examined. It is hypothesized that there will be an interaction between certain racial and ethnic minorities who went to see a doctor, had insurance coverage, experienced racism, and the quality of their health status, emotional support, and life satisfaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20minorities" title="ethnic minorities">ethnic minorities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20disparities" title=" health disparities"> health disparities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20access" title=" health access"> health access</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=racism" title=" racism"> racism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69453/racial-and-ethnic-health-disparities-an-investigation-of-the-relationship-between-race-ethnicity-health-care-access-and-health-status" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69453.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">779</span> Perceived Ethnic Discrimination, Aggression, and School Connectedness among Adolescents in Finland</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isik%20Z.%20Ulubas">Isik Z. Ulubas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaj%20Bjorkqvist"> Kaj Bjorkqvist</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The relationships between perceived ethnic discrimination, peer aggression and school connectedness are being examined among 1,000 adolescents in Ostrobothnia, Finland with an online questionnaire. The study aims at investigating perceived ethnic discrimination in school environment by peers and teachers, and within society in general. Six types of aggressive behavior are measured: physical, verbal, indirect, and cyber aggression, in addition to both verbal and physical sexual harassment. High perceived ethnic discrimination is expected to be related with high aggression and low school connectedness. Adolescents who have special diet and clothing because of their cultural or religious background are expected to score higher on perceived ethnic discrimination and lower school connectedness. Adolescents who have lower domestic language skills (Finnish/Swedish) are expected to show lower school connectedness and higher perceived ethnic discrimination. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title="adolescents">adolescents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggression" title=" aggression"> aggression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20discrimination" title=" ethnic discrimination"> ethnic discrimination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20connectedness" title=" school connectedness"> school connectedness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102902/perceived-ethnic-discrimination-aggression-and-school-connectedness-among-adolescents-in-finland" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20minority&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20minority&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20minority&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20minority&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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