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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Přihlášení</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stránky pro odhlášené editory <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:%C3%9Avod" aria-label="Více informací o editování"><span>dozvědět se více</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_p%C5%99%C3%ADsp%C4%9Bvky" title="Seznam editací provedených z této IP adresy [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Příspěvky</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_diskuse" title="Diskuse o editacích provedených z této IP adresy [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Původ,_studia,_první_povolání" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Původ,_studia,_první_povolání"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Původ, studia, první povolání</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Původ,_studia,_první_povolání-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uvěznění,_guerillová_válka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uvěznění,_guerillová_válka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Uvěznění, guerillová válka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uvěznění,_guerillová_válka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Volby,_krize_v_Zimbabwe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Volby,_krize_v_Zimbabwe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Volby, krize v Zimbabwe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Volby,_krize_v_Zimbabwe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diktátor,_pozemková_reforma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diktátor,_pozemková_reforma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Diktátor, pozemková reforma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diktátor,_pozemková_reforma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Řešení_otázky_slumů" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Řešení_otázky_slumů"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Řešení otázky slumů</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Řešení_otázky_slumů-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Smrt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Smrt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Smrt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Smrt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vyznamenání" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vyznamenání"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Vyznamenání</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vyznamenání-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ve_filmu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ve_filmu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Ve filmu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ve_filmu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Odkazy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Odkazy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Mugabe</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 119 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-119" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">119 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – afrikánština" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%AE%E1%89%A0%E1%88%AD%E1%89%B5_%E1%88%99%E1%8C%8B%E1%89%A4" title="ሮበርት ሙጋቤ – amharština" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሮበርት ሙጋቤ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="روبرت موغابي – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روبرت موغابي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%89" title="روبرت موجابى – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روبرت موجابى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – asturština" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Muqabe" title="Robert Muqabe – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Robert Muqabe" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – bavorština" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavorština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8D" title="Роберт Мугабэ – běloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Роберт Мугабэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="běloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8D" title="Робэрт Мугабэ – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Робэрт Мугабэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Робърт Мугабе – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Робърт Мугабе" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87" title="রবার্ট মুগাবে – bengálština" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রবার্ট মুগাবে" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – bretonština" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – bosenština" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%86%D8%A8%DB%8E%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="ڕۆبێرت مووگابی – kurdština (sorání)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕۆبێرت مووگابی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdština (sorání)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – velština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CF%8C%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%84_%CE%9C%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5" title="Ρόμπερτ Μουγκάμπε – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρόμπερτ Μουγκάμπε" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článek"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%87" title="رابرت موگابه – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رابرت موگابه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – faerština" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faerština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – fríština (západní)" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="fríština (západní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – irština" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – hauština" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hauština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%92%D7%90%D7%91%D7%94" title="רוברט מוגאבה – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רוברט מוגאבה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87" title="रॉबर्ट मुगाबे – hindština" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रॉबर्ट मुगाबे" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – chorvatština" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – hornolužická srbština" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="hornolužická srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BF_%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A5" title="Ռոբերտ Մուգաբե – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռոբերտ Մուգաբե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%BA%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A9_%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A7" title="Ռոպերթ Մուկապէ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ռոպերթ Մուկապէ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – islandština" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AC%E3%83%99" title="ロバート・ムガベ – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロバート・ムガベ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – javánština" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%94" title="რობერტ მუგაბე – gruzínština" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რობერტ მუგაბე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – kabylština" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabylština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EB%AC%B4%EA%B0%80%EB%B2%A0" title="로버트 무가베 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로버트 무가베" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – kolínština" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kolínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robertus_Mugabe" title="Robertus Mugabe – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Robertus Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – lucemburština" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lucemburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – limburština" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – litevština" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litevština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberts_Mugabe" title="Roberts Mugabe – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Roberts Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – malgaština" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Роберт Мугабе – makedonština" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Роберт Мугабе" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%86" title="റോബർട്ട് മുഗാബെ – malajálamština" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റോബർട്ട് മുഗാബെ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Роберт Мугабе – mongolština" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Роберт Мугабе" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87" title="रॉबर्ट मुगाबे – maráthština" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रॉबर्ट मुगाबे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – malajština" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%87" title="رابرت موگابه – mázandaránština" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="رابرت موگابه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mázandaránština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – dolnoněmčina" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="dolnoněmčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87" title="रोबर्ट मुगाबे – nepálština" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रोबर्ट मुगाबे" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%99%DF%8F%DF%93%DF%8D%DF%9F_%DF%A1%DF%8E%DF%9C%DF%AD%DF%8A%DF%93%DF%8B%DF%AB" title="ߙߏߓߍߟ ߡߎߜ߭ߊߓߋ߫ – n’ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߙߏߓߍߟ ߡߎߜ߭ߊߓߋ߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="n’ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – ňandžština" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="ňandžština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – okcitánština" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robart_Mugaabee" title="Robart Mugaabee – oromština" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Robart Mugaabee" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F_%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%97%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%87" title="ରବର୍ଟ ମୁଗାବେ – urijština" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରବର୍ଟ ମୁଗାବେ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="urijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – papangau" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="papangau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%90%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="روبېرت موگابي – paštština" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="روبېرت موگابي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – kečuánština" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5,_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82" title="Мугабе, Роберт – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мугабе, Роберт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – skotština" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – slovinština" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Gabriel_Mugabe" title="Robert Gabriel Mugabe – šonština" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Robert Gabriel Mugabe" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="šonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – somálština" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – albánština" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Роберт Мугабе – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Роберт Мугабе" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – siswatština" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="siswatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – svahilština" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87" title="இராபர்ட் முகாபே – tamilština" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இராபர்ட் முகாபே" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%87" title="రాబర్ట్ ముగాబే – telugština" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రాబర్ట్ ముగాబే" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Роберт Мугабе – tádžičtina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Роберт Мугабе" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tádžičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%95_%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5" title="รอเบิร์ต มูกาบี – thajština" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รอเบิร์ต มูกาบี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – talyština" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článek"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – tumbukština" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbukština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Роберт Мугабе – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Роберт Мугабе" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%B9_%D9%85%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%92" title="رابرٹ موگابے – urdština" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رابرٹ موگابے" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – warajština" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%8A%A0%E8%B4%9D" title="罗伯特·穆加贝 – čínština (dialekty Wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="罗伯特·穆加贝" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%94" title="რობერტ მუგაბე – mingrelština" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რობერტ მუგაბე" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – jorubština" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%8A%A0%E8%B2%9D" title="羅伯特·穆加貝 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="羅伯特·穆加貝" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%8A%A0%E8%B2%9D" title="穆加貝 – čínština (klasická)" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="穆加貝" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="čínština (klasická)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – čínština (dialekty Minnan)" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Minnan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E6%8B%94%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%8A%A0%E5%8D%91" title="羅拔·穆加卑 – kantonština" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="羅拔·穆加卑" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe – zuluština" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Robert Mugabe" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zuluština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q10707#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Jmenné prostory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:22em;width: 22em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="fn" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold">Robert Gabriel Mugabe</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Robert_Mugabe,_12th_AU_Summit,_090202-N-0506A-417.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Robert Mugabe (2009)"><img alt="Robert Mugabe (2009)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Robert_Mugabe%2C_12th_AU_Summit%2C_090202-N-0506A-417.jpg/225px-Robert_Mugabe%2C_12th_AU_Summit%2C_090202-N-0506A-417.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="338" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Robert_Mugabe%2C_12th_AU_Summit%2C_090202-N-0506A-417.jpg/338px-Robert_Mugabe%2C_12th_AU_Summit%2C_090202-N-0506A-417.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Robert_Mugabe%2C_12th_AU_Summit%2C_090202-N-0506A-417.jpg/450px-Robert_Mugabe%2C_12th_AU_Summit%2C_090202-N-0506A-417.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2832" data-file-height="4256" /></a></span><div>Robert Mugabe (2009)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #E3E3FA;">2. prezident <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><b>Ve funkci:</b><br /><a href="/wiki/31._prosinec" title="31. prosinec">31. prosince</a> <a href="/wiki/1987" title="1987">1987</a> – <a href="/wiki/21._listopad" title="21. listopad">21. listopadu</a> <a href="/wiki/2017" title="2017">2017</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Předchůdce</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canaan_Banana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Canaan Banana (stránka neexistuje)">Canaan Banana</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Nástupce</th><td><a href="/wiki/Emmerson_Mnangagwa" title="Emmerson Mnangagwa">Emmerson Mnangagwa</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #E3E3FA;">13. <a href="/wiki/P%C5%99edseda_Africk%C3%A9_unie" title="Předseda Africké unie">předseda Africké unie</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><b>Ve funkci:</b><br /><a href="/wiki/30._leden" title="30. leden">30. ledna</a> <a href="/wiki/2015" title="2015">2015</a> – <a href="/wiki/30._leden" title="30. leden">30. ledna</a> <a href="/wiki/2016" title="2016">2016</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Předchůdce</th><td><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Ould_Abdel_Aziz" title="Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz">Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Nástupce</th><td><a href="/wiki/Idriss_D%C3%A9by" title="Idriss Déby">Idriss Déby</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #E3E3FA;">Stranická příslušnost</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Členství</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwsk%C3%A1_africk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_unie_%E2%80%93_Vlasteneck%C3%A1_fronta" title="Zimbabwská africká národní unie – Vlastenecká fronta">Zimbabwská africká národní unie – Vlastenecká fronta</a> (1987–2017)<br /><span lang="en">Zimbabwe African People's Union</span> (1961–1963)<br />Africký národní svaz Zimbabwe</span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Rodné jméno</th><td><span class="wd"><span lang="en">Robert Gabriel Mugabe</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Narození</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/21._%C3%BAnor" title="21. únor">21. února</a> <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a></span><br /><span class="flagicon" style=""><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ji%C5%BEn%C3%AD_Rhodesie" title="Jižní Rhodesie"><img alt="Jižní Rhodesie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Kutama, <a href="/wiki/Ji%C5%BEn%C3%AD_Rhodesie" title="Jižní Rhodesie">Jižní Rhodesie</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Úmrtí</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/6._z%C3%A1%C5%99%C3%AD" title="6. září">6. září</a> <a href="/wiki/2019" title="2019">2019</a> (ve věku 95 let)</span><br /><span class="flagicon" style=""><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Singapur" title="Singapur"><img alt="Singapur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/22px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/33px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/44px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Singapur" title="Singapur">Singapur</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Příčina úmrtí</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/Rakovina" title="Rakovina">rakovina</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Místo pohřbení</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/Kutama_(Zimbabwe)" title="Kutama (Zimbabwe)">Kutama</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Choť</th><td><span class="wd">Sally Hayfronová (1961–1992)<br />Grace Mugabe (1996–2019)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Rodiče</th><td><span class="wd"><span lang="en">Gabriel Mugabe Matibiri</span></span> a <span class="wd"><span lang="en">Amai Bona Mugabe</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Děti</th><td><span class="wd">Bona Mugabe<br /><span lang="en">Chatunga Bellarmine Mugabe</span><br /><span lang="en">Michael Nhamodzenyika Mugabe</span><br /><span lang="en">Robert Peter Mugabe Jr.</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Příbuzní</th><td><span class="wd"><span lang="en">Sabina Mugabe</span></span> (sourozenec)<br /><span class="wd">Perence Shiri (bratranec)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td><span class="wd">Univerzita Fort Hare (do 1951)<br />Achimota School<br />Kutama College<br /><a href="/wiki/Oxfordsk%C3%A1_univerzita" title="Oxfordská univerzita">Oxfordská univerzita</a><br />Jihoafrická univerzita<br />Mezinárodní programy Londýnské univerzity</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Profese</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/Politik" title="Politik">politik</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Náboženství</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/Katolick%C3%A1_c%C3%ADrkev" title="Katolická církev">katolická církev</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Ocenění</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/%C5%98%C3%A1d_Jos%C3%A9_Mart%C3%ADho" title="Řád José Martího">Řád Josého Martího</a> (1985)<br />Cena Džaváharlála Néhrúa (1989)<br />velkokříž Řádu dobré naděje (1994)<br />velkokříž Řádu lázně (1994)<br />Cena míru U Thanta (1996)<br />… více na <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10707#P166" class="extiw" title="d:Q10707">Wikidatech</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Podpis</th><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Signature_of_Robert_Mugabe_clear.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Robert Gabriel Mugabe, podpis"><img alt="Robert Gabriel Mugabe, podpis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Signature_of_Robert_Mugabe_clear.svg/128px-Signature_of_Robert_Mugabe_clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Signature_of_Robert_Mugabe_clear.svg/192px-Signature_of_Robert_Mugabe_clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Signature_of_Robert_Mugabe_clear.svg/256px-Signature_of_Robert_Mugabe_clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="957" data-file-height="382" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="width: 85px;;text-align:left">Commons</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Robert_Mugabe" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Robert Mugabe">Robert Mugabe</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size: smaller; white-space: nowrap;">Některá data mohou pocházet z <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10707" class="extiw" title="d:Q10707">datové položky</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Robert Gabriel Mugabe</b> (<a href="/wiki/21._%C3%BAnor" title="21. únor">21. února</a> <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a> <a href="/wiki/Kutama_(Zimbabwe)" title="Kutama (Zimbabwe)">Kutama</a> – <a href="/wiki/6._z%C3%A1%C5%99%C3%AD" title="6. září">6. září</a> <a href="/wiki/2019" title="2019">2019</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Singapur" title="Singapur">Singapur</a>) byl <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">zimbabwský</a> <a href="/wiki/Politik" title="Politik">politik</a>, druhý prezident země úřadující v letech 1987 až 2017. Vystudoval <a href="/wiki/Ekonomie" title="Ekonomie">ekonomii</a> v <a href="/wiki/Lond%C3%BDn" title="Londýn">Londýně</a>. Do roku 1960, kdy se dostal do politiky, pracoval jako <a href="/wiki/U%C4%8Ditel" title="Učitel">učitel</a>. V letech 1964–1974 byl <a href="/wiki/V%C4%9Bznice" title="Věznice">vězněn</a>. Roku 1980 se po prvních všeobecných volbách stal prvním premiérem. V témže roce <a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD" title="Spojené království">Spojené království</a> uznalo <a href="/wiki/Nez%C3%A1vislost" title="Nezávislost">nezávislost</a> svého bývalého koloniálního území pod názvem <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> (dříve bylo označováno jako „Jižní Rhodesie“). Dne 31. prosince 1987 byl zvolen prezidentem. Postupně si získával stále více moci a jeho vláda se pomalu stávala <a href="/wiki/Diktatura" title="Diktatura">diktaturou</a>. Kvůli jeho programu na vyvlastnění majetku bělošských velkofarmářů se země dostala do vleklé <a href="/wiki/Ekonomick%C3%A1_krize" title="Ekonomická krize">hospodářské krize</a>. V zemi v tu dobu bylo 85 % nezaměstnaných a sužovala ji rekordní <a href="/wiki/Inflace" title="Inflace">hyperinflace</a> – pro rok 2008 to bylo 231 000 000 %. On sám se na inflaci podílel tím, že nechával nekontrolovaně tisknout peníze, které nechal pustit do oběhu. Mnoho Afričanů ho přesto vnímalo jako hrdinu boje za nezávislost.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dne 21. listopadu 2017, krátce po úspěšném armádním puči a sesazení z čela <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwsk%C3%A1_africk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_unie_%E2%80%93_Vlasteneck%C3%A1_fronta" title="Zimbabwská africká národní unie – Vlastenecká fronta">Zimbabwské africké národní unie – Vlastenecké fronty</a> (ZANU-PF), ohlásil svou rezignaci na prezidentský úřad. Zimbabwe vládl 37 let zpočátku jako předseda vlády a od roku 1987 jako prezident.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Původ,_studia,_první_povolání"><span id="P.C5.AFvod.2C_studia.2C_prvn.C3.AD_povol.C3.A1n.C3.AD"></span>Původ, studia, první povolání</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Původ, studia, první povolání" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Původ, studia, první povolání"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Narodil se 21. února 1924 v <a href="/wiki/Kutama_(Zimbabwe)" title="Kutama (Zimbabwe)">Kutamě</a>. Svá studia započal na misijní základní škole, poté přestoupil na střední školu Kutama College, která je považována za jednu z nejlepších v <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Africe</a>. Svou první vysokou školu začal studovat na Fort Hare University, tu však opustil. Dále jeho studia pokračovala v Driefonteinu, <a href="/wiki/Harare" title="Harare">Salisbury</a>, Gwelu a <a href="/wiki/Tanzanie" title="Tanzanie">Tanzanii</a>. Po studiích se vydal na dráhu učitele, kterou začal v <a href="/wiki/Zambie" title="Zambie">Zambii</a> a následně pokračoval i v <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghaně</a>, kde také potkal svou první ženu Sally Hayfron. V Ghaně se začal zajímat o politické dění, k tomu jej nejvíce ovlivnil ghanský <a href="/wiki/P%C5%99edseda_vl%C3%A1dy" title="Předseda vlády">premiér</a> <a href="/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah" title="Kwame Nkrumah">Kwame Nkrumah</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uvěznění,_guerillová_válka"><span id="Uv.C4.9Bzn.C4.9Bn.C3.AD.2C_guerillov.C3.A1_v.C3.A1lka"></span>Uvěznění, guerillová válka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Uvěznění, guerillová válka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Uvěznění, guerillová válka"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Po pobytu v Ghaně se roku 1961 vrátil zpět do Zimbabwe (tehdejší <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Rhodesie</a>) a ihned se připojil k hnutí Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU). O 3 roky přestoupil do Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU), která byla více levicová a byla také silně ovlivněna <a href="/wiki/Maoismus" title="Maoismus">maoismem</a>. V tomto hnutí později zaujímal pozici generálního tajemníka. V roce 1964 byl za takzvaný podvratný projev poslán na 10 let do vězení. Tyto roky nepromarnil, během té doby se mu podařilo korespondenčně vystudovat několik dalších vysokých škol, nejvýznamnější z nich byla londýnská univerzita. Během té doby mu zemřel čtyřletý syn a on se za mřížemi stal pro lid Zimbabwe mučedníkem boje proti <a href="/wiki/Kolonialismus" title="Kolonialismus">kolonialismu</a>. Po návratu z vězení se uchýlil do <a href="/wiki/Mosambik" title="Mosambik">Mosambiku</a>, odkud vedl <a href="/wiki/Partyz%C3%A1nsk%C3%A1_v%C3%A1lka" title="Partyzánská válka">guerillovou válku</a> proti rasistické vládě, jejímž premiérem byl <a href="/wiki/Ian_Smith" title="Ian Smith">Ian Smith</a>. V roce 1979 byly po měsících jednání boje ukončeny, což mělo zapříčinit velkou změnu země. Touto změnou měl být únor 1980, kdy měla vzniknout nová ústava, nová republika Zimbabwe a měly proběhnout pluralitní volby. On však nadále zůstal v Mosambiku, údajně se obával o svou bezpečnost. Do své země se vrátil až v prosinci roku 1979, kde byl přivítán lidem s nadšením. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Volby,_krize_v_Zimbabwe"><span id="Volby.2C_krize_v_Zimbabwe"></span>Volby, krize v Zimbabwe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Volby, krize v Zimbabwe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Volby, krize v Zimbabwe"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Po volbách se stal premiérem Zimbabwe. Na začátcích své vlády se snažil do politiky zapojit také hnutí ZAPU, které mělo silnou podporu veřejnosti. To se však nesetkalo s patřičným ohlasem a v zemi vypukla <a href="/wiki/Ob%C4%8Dansk%C3%A1_v%C3%A1lka" title="Občanská válka">občanská válka</a>. Úplný mír byl nastolen až 22. prosince 1988. To bylo zapříčiněno spojením ZAPU a ZANU, čímž vznikla <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwsk%C3%A1_africk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_unie_%E2%80%93_Vlasteneck%C3%A1_fronta" title="Zimbabwská africká národní unie – Vlastenecká fronta">Zimbabwská africká národní unie – Vlastenecká fronta</a> (ZANU-PF). Celý tento zdlouhavý konflikt si vyžádal až 30 tisíc obětí na straně národa Ndebele. Postupem času se země pod jeho vedením začala ekonomicky propadat a tak se snažil hledat viníky, také sklouzával k rasistickým výrokům. Například obvinil menšinu zimbabwských bělochů, že přivedli zemi do problémů. V roce 1995 dokonce zakázal <a href="/wiki/Homosexualita" title="Homosexualita">homosexuální</a> vztahy, za toto porušení hrozilo občanům až 10 let vězení. Všechny tyto problémy vyvrcholily v roce 1998, kdy Zimbabwe vstoupilo do <a href="/wiki/Druh%C3%A1_v%C3%A1lka_v_Kongu" title="Druhá válka v Kongu">Druhé Konžské války</a>. Tento konflikt vedl jen k definitivní destrukci země. Proto se rozhodl pro radikální řešení, v roce 2000 se uchýlil k <a href="/wiki/Diktatura" title="Diktatura">diktatuře</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diktátor,_pozemková_reforma"><span id="Dikt.C3.A1tor.2C_pozemkov.C3.A1_reforma"></span>Diktátor, pozemková reforma</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Diktátor, pozemková reforma" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Diktátor, pozemková reforma"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Mugabe_1979_a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Mugabe_1979_a.jpg/220px-Mugabe_1979_a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Mugabe_1979_a.jpg/330px-Mugabe_1979_a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Mugabe_1979_a.jpg/440px-Mugabe_1979_a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2087" data-file-height="2783" /></a><figcaption>Robert Mugabe (1979)</figcaption></figure> <p>Jeho prvním počinem v roli diktátora byla pozemková reforma, která byla naplánovaná již v roce 1997 s odkladem na 10 let, ale nikdo příliš nevěřil, že se někdy uskuteční. Společně s ní byla 12. a 13. února 2000 přijata nová ústava, která umožnila právě zmíněnou pozemkovou reformu uskutečnit. Tato pozemková reforma znamenala znárodnění půdy bílých obyvatel země a to bez náhrady. <a href="/wiki/Reforma" title="Reforma">Reforma</a> byla lidem odmítnuta v <a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">referendu</a>, poté byla projednávána <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Astavn%C3%AD_soud" title="Ústavní soud">Ústavním soudem</a>, který ji také neschválil, ale jeho usnesení přehlasoval diktátorský <a href="/wiki/Parlament" title="Parlament">parlament</a>, proto vstoupila v platnost. Tím začalo ve druhé polovině roku 2000 násilné zabírání farem, které bylo provázeno krvavými střety s majiteli a obránci farem. Ti byli tvořeni bělochy a také černošskými dělníky. Celou touto reformou bylo dosaženo úplné destrukce země, protože jen o své domovy přišlo asi 700 tisíc lidí. Další negativní dopady však zasáhly až 2,4 milionu obyvatel země. Půda totiž většinou ležela ladem a obilnice Afriky začala trpět hlady. I tehdy hledal vinu jinde, jen ne u sebe samého. Snažil se potlačit opozici všemi dostupnými prostředky, z krize v jeho zemi obviňoval celý svět. Reforma však jen vyústila v rekordní inflaci ve výši 100 000 % v 1. čtvrtletí roku 2008.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://ekonomika.idnes.cz/inflace-v-zimbabwe-se-blizi-100-000-procentum-f1m-/ekonomika.asp?c=A070731_120926_ekonomika_maf">[1]</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Řešení_otázky_slumů"><span id=".C5.98e.C5.A1en.C3.AD_ot.C3.A1zky_slum.C5.AF"></span>Řešení otázky slumů</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Řešení otázky slumů" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Řešení otázky slumů"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dalším silně <a href="/wiki/Kontroverze" title="Kontroverze">kontroverzním</a> krokem bylo vyřešení otázky slumů u velkých měst, které nechal srovnat se zemí, čímž připravil více než 700 tisíc těch nejchudších o střechu nad hlavou. Oficiální zdůvodnění tohoto kroku bylo „<i>vyčistit města od špíny</i>“. Zde nastal problém, protože tito lidé byli do slumů dopraveni státními úřady. Spíše se mu nelíbilo, že většina obyvatel slumů v předchozích volbách volila <a href="/wiki/Opozice_(politika)" title="Opozice (politika)">opoziční</a> stranu. Jeho pozice se nezměnila ani po prezidentských volbách v roce 2008, které vyhrál ve druhém kole. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Smrt">Smrt</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Smrt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Smrt"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zemřel 6. září 2019 v nemocnici v Singapuru, kde strávil několik posledních měsíců svého života. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vyznamenání"><span id="Vyznamen.C3.A1n.C3.AD"></span>Vyznamenání</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editace sekce: Vyznamenání" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Vyznamenání"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Ribbon_jose_marti.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Ribbon_jose_marti.png/60px-Ribbon_jose_marti.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Ribbon_jose_marti.png/90px-Ribbon_jose_marti.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Ribbon_jose_marti.png 2x" data-file-width="101" data-file-height="31" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%C5%98%C3%A1d_Jos%C3%A9_Mart%C3%ADho" title="Řád José Martího">Řád José Martího</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kuba" title="Kuba">Kuba</a>, 1985<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Ordem_Agostinho_Neto.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Ordem_Agostinho_Neto.svg/60px-Ordem_Agostinho_Neto.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Ordem_Agostinho_Neto.svg/90px-Ordem_Agostinho_Neto.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Ordem_Agostinho_Neto.svg/120px-Ordem_Agostinho_Neto.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="116" data-file-height="46" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%C5%98%C3%A1d_Agostinha_Neta" title="Řád Agostinha Neta">Řád Agostinha Neta</a> – <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a>, 1992</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Ord.GoodHope-ribbon.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Ord.GoodHope-ribbon.gif/60px-Ord.GoodHope-ribbon.gif" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Ord.GoodHope-ribbon.gif/90px-Ord.GoodHope-ribbon.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Ord.GoodHope-ribbon.gif/120px-Ord.GoodHope-ribbon.gif 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> velkokříž <a href="/wiki/%C5%98%C3%A1d_dobr%C3%A9_nad%C4%9Bje" title="Řád dobré naděje">Řádu dobré naděje</a> – Jihoafrická republika, 1994<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Order_of_Jamaica.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Order_of_Jamaica.gif/60px-Order_of_Jamaica.gif" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Order_of_Jamaica.gif/90px-Order_of_Jamaica.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Order_of_Jamaica.gif/120px-Order_of_Jamaica.gif 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%C5%98%C3%A1d_Jamajky" title="Řád Jamajky">Řád Jamajky</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jamajka" title="Jamajka">Jamajka</a>, 1996<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Order_of_the_Grand_Conqueror_(Libya).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Order_of_the_Grand_Conqueror_%28Libya%29.gif/60px-Order_of_the_Grand_Conqueror_%28Libya%29.gif" decoding="async" width="60" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Order_of_the_Grand_Conqueror_%28Libya%29.gif/90px-Order_of_the_Grand_Conqueror_%28Libya%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Order_of_the_Grand_Conqueror_%28Libya%29.gif/120px-Order_of_the_Grand_Conqueror_%28Libya%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="173" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> velkostuha <a href="/wiki/%C5%98%C3%A1d_velk%C3%A9ho_dobyvatele" title="Řád velkého dobyvatele">Řádu velkého dobyvatele</a> – <a href="/wiki/Libye" title="Libye">Libye</a>, 2000</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Order_of_the_Bath_UK_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Order_of_the_Bath_UK_ribbon.svg/60px-Order_of_the_Bath_UK_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Order_of_the_Bath_UK_ribbon.svg/90px-Order_of_the_Bath_UK_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Order_of_the_Bath_UK_ribbon.svg/120px-Order_of_the_Bath_UK_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> čestný rytíř velkokříže <a href="/wiki/%C5%98%C3%A1d_l%C3%A1zn%C4%9B" title="Řád lázně">Řádu lázně</a> – <a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD" title="Spojené království">Spojené království</a>, udělen <a href="/wiki/Al%C5%BEb%C4%9Bta_II." title="Alžběta II.">Alžbětou II.</a> 1994, odebrán 25. července 2008<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ve_filmu">Ve filmu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editace sekce: Ve filmu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&action=edit&section=8" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Ve filmu"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tlumo%C4%8Dnice_(film)" title="Tlumočnice (film)">Tlumočnice</a></i> – Ve fiktivní africké zemi <i>Matobo</i> třiadvacet let vládne prezident <i>Zuwanie</i> (hraný film z roku 2005).</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mugabe_and_the_White_African&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mugabe and the White African (stránka neexistuje)">Mugabe and the White African</a></i> (dokumentární film z roku 2009)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odkazy">Odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editace sekce: Odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&action=edit&section=9" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reference">Reference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&action=edit&section=10" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Zimbabwe's ex-president Robert Mugabe dies at 95. <i>www.bbc.com</i>. 2019-09-06. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-49604152">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2019-09-06]. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.bbc.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-49604152&rft.atitle=Zimbabwe%27s+ex-president+Robert+Mugabe+dies+at+95&rft.date=2019-09-06"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Mugabe's hold on Africans. <i>news.bbc.co.uk</i> [online]. 2007-08-25 [cit. 2019-09-06]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/6960506.stm">Dostupné online</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=news.bbc.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fprogrammes%2Ffrom_our_own_correspondent%2F6960506.stm&rft.atitle=Mugabe%27s+hold+on+Africans&rft.date=2007-08-25"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">TORCHIA, Christopher; FARAI, Mutsak. <i>Zimbabwe's Mugabe has resigned: House speaker</i> [online]. MSN News/AP, 2017-11-21 [cit. 2017-11-21]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201031725/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/zimbabwes-mugabe-has-resigned-house-speaker/ar-BBFjKIC?li=BBmkt5R&ocid=spartanntp">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném dne 2017-12-01. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=Zimbabwe%27s+Mugabe+has+resigned%3A+House+speaker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-us%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fzimbabwes-mugabe-has-resigned-house-speaker%2Far-BBFjKIC%3Fli%3DBBmkt5R%26ocid%3Dspartanntp&rft.aulast=Torchia&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.au=Farai%2C+Mutsak&rft.pub=MSN+News%2FAP"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Zimbabwský prezident Mugabe odstoupil, po téměř čtyřech desetiletích - Seznam Zprávy. <i>www.seznam.cz</i> [online]. [cit. 2017-11-21]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201035234/https://www.seznam.cz/zpravy/clanek/zimbabwsky-prezident-mugabe-odstoupil-po-temer-ctyrech-desetiletich-40035?seq-no=3&dop-ab-variant=&source=clanky-home">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.seznam.cz/zpravy/clanek/zimbabwsky-prezident-mugabe-odstoupil-po-temer-ctyrech-desetiletich-40035?seq-no=3&dop-ab-variant=&source=clanky-home">originálu</a> dne 2017-12-01.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.seznam.cz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.seznam.cz%2Fzpravy%2Fclanek%2Fzimbabwsky-prezident-mugabe-odstoupil-po-temer-ctyrech-desetiletich-40035%3Fseq-no%3D3%26dop-ab-variant%3D%26source%3Dclanky-home&rft.atitle=Zimbabwsk%C3%BD+prezident+Mugabe+odstoupil%2C+po+t%C3%A9m%C4%9B%C5%99+%C4%8Dty%C5%99ech+desetilet%C3%ADch+-+Seznam+Zpr%C3%A1vy"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Story Map Tour. <i>www.arcgis.com</i> [online]. [cit. 2020-03-09]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arcgis.com/apps/MapTour/index.html?appid=2aef2dacfb15408ebdc99907a619c2ab">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.arcgis.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arcgis.com%2Fapps%2FMapTour%2Findex.html%3Fappid%3D2aef2dacfb15408ebdc99907a619c2ab&rft.atitle=Story+Map+Tour"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> 1985: Granma Archives Index - LANIC. <i>lanic.utexas.edu</i> [online]. [cit. 2020-06-23]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lanic.utexas.edu/project/granma/1985.html">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=lanic.utexas.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flanic.utexas.edu%2Fproject%2Fgranma%2F1985.html&rft.atitle=1985%3A+Granma+Archives+Index+-+LANIC"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> National Orders | South African History Online. <i>web.archive.org</i> [online]. 2015-01-18 [cit. 2021-02-13]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150118121242/http://www.v1.sahistory.org.za/pages/artsmediaculture/culture%20%26%20heritage/national-orders/1994.htm">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.v1.sahistory.org.za/pages/artsmediaculture/culture%20%26%20heritage/national-orders/1994.htm">originálu</a> dne 2015-01-18.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.v1.sahistory.org.za%2Fpages%2Fartsmediaculture%2Fculture%2520%2526%2520heritage%2Fnational-orders%2F1994.htm&rft.atitle=National+Orders+%7C+South+African+History+Online&rft.date=2015-01-18"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Order of Jamaica (OJ). <i>Jamaica Information Service</i> [online]. [cit. 2020-06-23]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jis.gov.jm/information/awards/order-of-jamaica/">Dostupné online</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=Jamaica+Information+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjis.gov.jm%2Finformation%2Fawards%2Forder-of-jamaica%2F&rft.atitle=Order+of+Jamaica+%28OJ%29"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">EDITOR, Andrew Porter, Political. Robert Mugabe to be stripped of knighthood. <i>www.telegraph.co.uk</i>. 2008-06-25. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/zimbabwe/2193924/Robert-Mugabe-to-be-stripped-of-knighthood.html">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2019-10-19]. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.telegraph.co.uk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Fafricaandindianocean%2Fzimbabwe%2F2193924%2FRobert-Mugabe-to-be-stripped-of-knighthood.html&rft.atitle=Robert+Mugabe+to+be+stripped+of+knighthood&rft.date=2008-06-25&rft.issn=0307-1235&rft.aulast=Editor&rft.aufirst=Andrew+Porter%2C+Political"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Kapitola Mugabe and the White African. <i><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesko-Slovensk%C3%A1_filmov%C3%A1_datab%C3%A1ze" title="Česko-Slovenská filmová databáze">Česko-Slovenská filmová databáze</a></i> [online]. [cit. 2024-02-05]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.csfd.cz/film/275304-mugabe-and-the-white-african/prehled/">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=%C4%8Cesko-Slovensk%C3%A1+filmov%C3%A1+datab%C3%A1ze&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.csfd.cz%2Ffilm%2F275304-mugabe-and-the-white-african%2Fprehled%2F"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literatura">Literatura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editace sekce: Literatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&action=edit&section=11" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Literatura"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">HULEC, Otakar; OLŠA JR., Jaroslav. <i>Dějiny Zimbabwe, Zambie a Malawi</i>. Praha: NLN, Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, 2008. 656 s. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Zdroje_knih/9788071069522" title="Speciální:Zdroje knih/9788071069522"><span class="ISBN">9788071069522</span></a></span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitacemonografie&rft.btitle=D%C4%9Bjiny+Zimbabwe%2C+Zambie+a+Malawi&rft.isbn=9788071069522&rft.aulast=Hulec&rft.aufirst=Otakar&rft.au=Ol%C5%A1a+Jr.%2C+Jaroslav&rft.place=Praha&rft.pub=NLN%2C+Nakladatelstv%C3%AD+Lidov%C3%A9+noviny&rft.date=2008&rft.tpages=656"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mugabe&action=edit&section=12" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Robert_Mugabe" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Robert Mugabe">Robert Mugabe</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span></span><i> </i></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal;">NĚMEC, Jaromír. Afrika online.cz - vše o Africe. <i>www.afrikaonline.cz</i> [online]. [cit. 2019-09-06]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120112001748/http://www.afrikaonline.cz/view.php?cisloclanku=2008033001">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném dne 2012-01-12.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.afrikaonline.cz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afrikaonline.cz%2Fview.php%3Fcisloclanku%3D2008033001&rft.atitle=Afrika+online.cz+-+v%C5%A1e+o+Africe&rft.aulast=N%C4%9Bmec&rft.aufirst=Jarom%C3%ADr"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal;">FROZEN, Martin. Robert Mugabe: někdejší otloukánek s rukama od krve. <i>iDNES.cz</i> [online]. 2007-10-05 [cit. 2019-09-06]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idnes.cz/xman/styl/robert-mugabe-nekdejsi-otloukanek-s-rukama-od-krve.A071004_165925_xman-styl_mao">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=iDNES.cz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.idnes.cz%2Fxman%2Fstyl%2Frobert-mugabe-nekdejsi-otloukanek-s-rukama-od-krve.A071004_165925_xman-styl_mao&rft.atitle=Robert+Mugabe%3A+n%C4%9Bkdej%C5%A1%C3%AD+otlouk%C3%A1nek+s+rukama+od+krve&rft.date=2007-10-05&rft.aulast=Frozen&rft.aufirst=Martin"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Wayback Machine. <i>web.archive.org</i> [online]. Zimbabwe Government online, 2008-10-24 [cit. 2019-09-06]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081024195135/http://www.gta.gov.zw/">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gta.gov.zw/">originálu</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gta.gov.zw%2F&rft.atitle=Wayback+Machine&rft.date=2008-10-24&rft.pub=Zimbabwe+Government+online"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23078045">.mw-parser-output .navbox2{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .navbox2{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2+.navbox2{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n80102736">n80102736</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Loty%C5%A1sk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna" title="Lotyšská národní knihovna">LNB</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000279293&P_CON_LNG=ENG">000279293</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">NARA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10568020">10568020</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna_Izraele" title="Národní knihovna Izraele">NLI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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