CINXE.COM
Pew Biomedical Scholars | The Pew Charitable Trusts
<!DOCTYPE html> <html prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#" lang="en"> <head> <title>Pew Biomedical Scholars | The Pew Charitable Trusts</title> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="True" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="320" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info = {"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"NRJS-fde545555ce3fb6aa68","applicationID":"1793650477","transactionName":"MlVWbRRQW0BUUkJaXAsfY1wEQVRUUB5mQVwPVVdNRmFUVFA=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":341,"agent":"","atts":""}</script><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:"1834982754",accountID:"4007801",trustKey:"360749",xpid:"UAYHVl5TCRABU1hRAQQHUlMG",licenseKey:"NRJS-fde545555ce3fb6aa68",applicationID:"1793650477"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>g,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A4:()=>s,OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>h,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>f,m:()=>u,mw:()=>c,sb:()=>l});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s="complete"===a?.document?.readyState,c=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),u=""+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),l=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,f=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),h=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=g(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:g,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=g(e).concat(t)}function g(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>u});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function u(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],"-",p)}function p(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),h(a.gm,f),h(c.prototype,f)),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>u});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>d,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>u,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},d=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>u,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>u,Rz:()=>d,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,u="fn"+s,d="pushState",l=1e3},3962:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{AM:()=>o,O2:()=>s,Qu:()=>c,TZ:()=>a,ih:()=>u,tC:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i=["click","keydown","submit"],o="api",a=n.K7.softNav,s={INITIAL_PAGE_LOAD:"",ROUTE_CHANGE:1,UNSPECIFIED:2},c={INTERACTION:1,AJAX:2,CUSTOM_END:3,CUSTOM_TRACER:4},u={IP:"in progress",FIN:"finished",CAN:"cancelled"}},7378:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$p:()=>x,BR:()=>b,Kp:()=>R,L3:()=>y,Lc:()=>c,NC:()=>o,SG:()=>d,TZ:()=>i,U6:()=>p,UT:()=>m,d3:()=>w,dT:()=>f,e5:()=>A,gx:()=>v,l9:()=>l,oW:()=>h,op:()=>g,rw:()=>u,tH:()=>E,uP:()=>s,wW:()=>T,xq:()=>a});var n=r(384);const i=r(860).K7.spa,o=["click","submit","keypress","keydown","keyup","change"],a=999,s="fn-start",c="fn-end",u="cb-start",d="api-ixn-",l="remaining",f="interaction",h="spaNode",p="jsonpNode",g="fetch-start",m="fetch-done",v="fetch-body-",b="jsonp-end",y=(0,n.dV)().o.ST,w="-start",R="-end",x="-body",T="cb"+R,A="jsTime",E="fetch"},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},425:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>j});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),p=r(6344);const g=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),w=r(3785),R=r(2646),x=r(3434);function T(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,x.YM)(i),a=new R.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();g.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var S=r(9417),N=r(5603),O=r(5284);const _=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let I=!1;function j(e,t={},g,R){let{init:x,info:j,loader_config:P,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=g;const L=(0,h.pV)();j||(x=L.init,j=L.info,P=L.loader_config),(0,S.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,x||{}),(0,N.a)(e.agentIdentifier,P||{}),j.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(j.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,j);const H=(0,S.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),D=[j.beacon,j.errorBeacon];I||(H.proxy.assets&&(_(H.proxy.assets),D.push(H.proxy.assets)),H.proxy.beacon&&D.push(H.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===H.soft_navigations.enabled&&H.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...H.ajax.deny_list||[],...H.ajax.block_internal?D:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const g={};var R=s.ee.get(e),x=R.get("tracer");E[e]=b.g.OFF,R.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{E[e]=t}));var A="api-",S=A+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(A,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function O(){}g.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,w.R)(R,e,t,r)},g.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),T(R,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{g[e]=I(A,e,!0,"api")})),g.addPageAction=I(A,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(A,"setPageViewName",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},g.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},g.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),R.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},g[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g.interaction=function(e){return(new O).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const _=O.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),h||(0,a.p)(S+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,R),function(){if(x.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw x.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{x.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,v.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,R),r?void 0:this}}function j(){r.e(478).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),R.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{_[e]=I(S,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),g.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(S,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(A,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),g.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,R)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>j()),!0):j(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,R,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),I=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({212:"nr-spa-compressor",249:"nr-spa-recorder",478:"nr-spa"}[e]+"-1.274.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={478:"sha512-1vUqEfJPB8Pihje9mv5CfYgkitO1FWcS+UQb84DbXqP8oYctRv4/lzl/MzNLPlRhcY1WVDBGL20I8vm6s2VV7g==",249:"sha512-Y/BeZAh6VSTmUtUNmS5XdyKxL92s30Fyyj8xVW76HSPxcKItL4+x2+kGMZc8pMJnUpZDz1L4eftZQAJh3D8NnA==",212:"sha512-Gn2tQ3qog5Yhrx/gRutkSTYPp+7nkKFt4/mIXg99LxcNpMDAYJZDBYmAACdoHNM86+iq1F3cBcQotFNzjIX8bw=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={38:0,788:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),p=i(6154),g=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,g.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class w extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(384);var x=i(9908),T=i(2843),A=i(3878),E=i(782),S=i(1863);class N extends b{static featureName=E.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,E.T,t),p.RI&&((0,T.u)((()=>(0,x.p)("docHidden",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,x.p)("winPagehide",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var O=i(3969);class _ extends b{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,O.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),j=i(3304);class P{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,j.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return H(e)?e:new P(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(H(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function L(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new P(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return H(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function H(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class D extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),p.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),p.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[L(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var M=i(8990);let K=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===p.gm?0:(0,M.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,j.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=p.gm.MutationObserver,s=p.gm.Promise,c=p.gm.setInterval,u="readystatechange",d=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,"fn-",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(g?g.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var g=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",J=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],Q=p.gm.Request,ee=p.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(Q&&ee&&p.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,J.forEach((e=>{r(Q[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(p.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof p.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,j.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),ue=["load","error","abort","timeout"],de=ue.length,le=(0,R.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,R.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,x.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};p.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};pe(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=R,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){T(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),p.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},pe(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<de;s++)r.addEventListener(ue[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function u(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function d(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,S.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function g(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,S.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,S.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&p.RI&&(t=""+p.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:p.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:p.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),pe(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function w(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function R(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<de;t++)e.removeEventListener(ue[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,S.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCazptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):T(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function T(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,x.p)(O.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",u),t.on("xhr-load-added",d),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",g),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",w)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function pe(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const ge={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!p.RI||ge[t.debugId]++||(ge[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:we,d3:Re,Kp:xe,TZ:Te,Lc:Ae,uP:Ee,Rz:Se}=be;class Ne extends b{static featureName=Te;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Te,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Ee,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,S.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,x.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,S.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Se+Re,(function(e){this.time=(0,S.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Se+xe,(function(e){(0,x.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,x.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:we,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var Oe=i(2614);class _e extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(Oe.H3,"_").concat(Oe.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,g.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,x.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.ERROR)||(0,g.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(478),i.e(249)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(Oe.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=Oe.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=Oe.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3962);class je extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,Ie.TZ,t),!p.RI||!(0,R.dV)().o.MO)return;const r=ve(this.ee);Ie.tC.forEach((e=>{(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>{a(e)}),!0)}));const n=()=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[(0,S.t)(),""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee);r.on("pushState-end",n),r.on("replaceState-end",n);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}(0,A.sp)("popstate",(e=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[e.timeStamp,""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal);let i=!1;const o=new((0,R.dV)().o.MO)(((e,t)=>{i||(i=!0,requestAnimationFrame((()=>{(0,x.p)("newDom",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),i=!1})))})),a=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)("newUIEvent",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),o.observe(document.body,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0})}),100,{leading:!0});this.abortHandler=function(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),o.disconnect(),this.abortHandler=void 0},this.importAggregator(e,{domObserver:o})}}var Pe=i(7378);const Ce={},ke=["appendChild","insertBefore","replaceChild"];function Le(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("jsonp")}(e);if(!p.RI||Ce[t.debugId])return t;Ce[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,i=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,o=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(.*)$/;function a(e,t){if(!e)return t;const r=e.match(o),n=r[1];return a(r[3],t[n])}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,ke,"dom-"),t.on("dom-start",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e.nodeName||"script"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if("function"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var o=(s=e.src,c=s.match(n),c?c[1]:null);var s,c;if(!o)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(i);if(t&&t.length>=3)return{key:t[2],parent:a(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(o);if("function"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var d={};function l(){t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function f(){t.emit("jsonp-error",[],d),t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],"cb-",d),e.addEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.addEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1)),t.emit("new-jsonp",[e.src],d)}(e[0])})),t}const He={};function De(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("promise")}(e);if(He[t.debugId])return t;He[t.debugId]=!0;var r=t.context,n=(0,W.YM)(t),i=p.gm.Promise;return i&&function(){function e(r){var o=t.context(),a=n(r,"executor-",o,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(i,[a],e);return t.context(s).getCtx=function(){return o},s}p.gm.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,"name",{value:"Promise"}),e.toString=function(){return i.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,i),["all","race"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){let i=!1;[...e||[]].forEach((e=>{this.resolve(e).then(a("all"===r),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){t.emit("propagate",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),["resolve","reject"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){const r=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==r&&t.emit("propagate",[e,!0],r,!1,!1),r}})),e.prototype=i.prototype;const o=i.prototype.then;i.prototype.then=function(...e){var i=this,a=r(i);a.promise=i,e[0]=n(e[0],"cb-",a,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"cb-",a,null,!1);const s=o.apply(this,e);return a.nextPromise=s,t.emit("propagate",[i,!0],s,!1,!1),s},i.prototype.then[W.Jt]=o,t.on("executor-start",(function(e){e[0]=n(e[0],"resolve-",this,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"resolve-",this,null,!1)})),t.on("executor-err",(function(e,t,r){e[1](r)})),t.on("cb-end",(function(e,r,n){t.emit("propagate",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)})),t.on("propagate",(function(e,r,n){this.getCtx&&!r||(this.getCtx=function(){if(e instanceof Promise)var r=t.context(e);return r&&r.getCtx?r.getCtx():this})}))}(),t}const Me={},Ke="setTimeout",Ue="setInterval",Ve="clearTimeout",Ge="-start",Fe=[Ke,"setImmediate",Ue,Ve,"clearImmediate"];function Be(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("timer")}(e);if(Me[t.debugId]++)return t;Me[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,W.YM)(t);return r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(0,2),Ke+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(2,3),Ue+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(3),Ve+"-"),t.on(Ue+Ge,(function(e,t,n){e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",null,n)})),t.on(Ke+Ge,(function(e,t,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(e[1])?0:+e[1],e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",this,n)})),t}const We={};function ze(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("mutation")}(e);if(!p.RI||We[t.debugId])return t;We[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=p.gm.MutationObserver;return n&&(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof n?new n(r(e,"fn-")):n.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=n.prototype),t}const{TZ:qe,d3:Ze,Kp:Ye,$p:Xe,wW:Je,e5:Qe,tH:$e,uP:et,rw:tt,Lc:rt}=Pe;class nt extends b{static featureName=qe;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,qe,t),!p.RI)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let r,n=0;const i=this.ee.get("tracer"),o=Le(this.ee),a=De(this.ee),s=Be(this.ee),c=Z(this.ee),u=this.ee.get("events"),d=ne(this.ee),l=ve(this.ee),f=ze(this.ee);function h(e,t){l.emit("newURL",[""+window.location,t])}function g(){n++,r=window.location.hash,this[et]=(0,S.t)()}function m(){n--,window.location.hash!==r&&h(0,!0);var e=(0,S.t)();this[Qe]=~~this[Qe]+e-this[et],this[rt]=e}function v(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,S.t)()}))}this.ee.on(et,g),a.on(tt,g),o.on(tt,g),this.ee.on(rt,m),a.on(Je,m),o.on(Je,m),this.ee.on("fn-err",((...t)=>{t[2]?.__newrelic?.[e.agentIdentifier]||(0,x.p)("function-err",[...t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.buffer([et,rt,"xhr-resolved"],this.featureName),u.buffer([et],this.featureName),s.buffer(["setTimeout"+Ye,"clearTimeout"+Ze,et],this.featureName),c.buffer([et,"new-xhr","send-xhr"+Ze],this.featureName),d.buffer([$e+Ze,$e+"-done",$e+Xe+Ze,$e+Xe+Ye],this.featureName),l.buffer(["newURL"],this.featureName),f.buffer([et],this.featureName),a.buffer(["propagate",tt,Je,"executor-err","resolve"+Ze],this.featureName),i.buffer([et,"no-"+et],this.featureName),o.buffer(["new-jsonp","cb-start","jsonp-error","jsonp-end"],this.featureName),v(d,$e+Ze),v(d,$e+"-done"),v(o,"new-jsonp"),v(o,"jsonp-end"),v(o,"cb-start"),l.on("pushState-end",h),l.on("replaceState-end",h),window.addEventListener("hashchange",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("load",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("popstate",(function(){h(0,n>1)}),(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var it=i(3333);class ot extends b{static featureName=it.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,it.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled];p.RI&&e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(it.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),it.qN.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)))))),r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var at=i(993),st=i(3785);class ct extends b{static featureName=at.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,at.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,st.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,R.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(w),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,R.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,N,Ne,_e,_,D,ot,ct,je,nt],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, minimum-scale=1, initial-scale=1" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.pewtrusts.org/-/media/files/favicon.ico"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/projects/pew-biomedical-scholars"> <meta name="description" content="Pew has a decades-long commitment to support groundbreaking research by promising early-career biomedical scientists in the United States and Latin America. Our multiyear grants encourage informed risk-taking and collaboration among researchers." /> <meta name="servername" content="pew-prod-cd02" /> <meta name="title" content="Pew Biomedical Scholars" /> <meta name="keywords" content="Project,Pew Charitable Trusts,Kara Coleman" /> <meta name="pageLanguage" content="en" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/projects/pew-biomedical-scholars" hreflang="en" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Pew Biomedical Scholars" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@pewtrusts" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@pewtrusts" /> <meta name="twitter:domain" content="pewtrusts.org" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.pewtrusts.org/-/media/images/branding-and-banners/projects/active/bio_penn2012_099_raw_km_ownraw/bio_penn2012_099_raw_km_own_16x9.jpg" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:url" content="http://pew.org/1u0PAvH" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Pew has a decades-long commitment to support groundbreaking research by promising early-career biomedical scientists in the United States and Latin America. Our multiyear grants encourage informed risk-taking and collaboration among researchers." /> <meta property="og:title" content="Pew Biomedical Scholars" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.pewtrusts.org/-/media/images/branding-and-banners/projects/active/bio_penn2012_099_raw_km_ownraw/bio_penn2012_099_raw_km_own_16x9.jpg" /> <meta name="selshare:viatwitter" content ="@pewtrusts" /> <meta name="selshare:subject-suffix" content ="The Pew Charitable Trusts" /> <link href="/assets/pew/css/Pew-generated.css?v=638665948799768231" media="all" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="/assets/pew/css/print-generated.css?v=638665948799768231" media="print" rel="stylesheet" /> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script> // Define dataLayer and the gtag function. window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } gtag('consent', 'default', { 'ad_storage': 'denied', 'analytics_storage': 'denied', 'functionality_storage': 'granted', 'security_storage' : 'granted', 'personalization_storage': 'denied', 'region': ['BE', 'BG', 'CZ', 'DK', 'DE', 'EE', 'IE', 'GR', 'ES', 'FR', 'HR', 'IT', 'CY', 'LV', 'LT', 'LU', 'HU', 'MT', 'NL', 'AT', 'PL', 'PT', 'RO', 'SI', 'SK', 'FI', 'SE'] }); gtag('consent', 'default', { 'ad_storage': 'granted', 'analytics_storage': 'granted', 'functionality_storage': 'granted', 'personalization_storage': 'granted', 'security_storage' : 'granted' }); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-W2Z5TT'); </script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <!-- Begin Google Tag Manager Data Layer --> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({"legacyID":"JTX6EHM7VH","pageDate":"","project":"Pew Biomedical Scholars","mediaContact":"edavis@pewtrusts.org","topicsPlaces":"Biomedical Research","topics":"Biomedical Research","places":"","siteSection":"Pew Trusts","templateType":"Project Page","taxonomyType":"Project","contentAndMediatypes":"Project","pageLanguage":"en","tags":"","data_mart_segments":"","data_mart_segment_ids":"","suggest_read_time_msec":"","sitecore_item_id":"a9377c30-4040-4433-ab01-91cb3e33e90a"}); </script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager Data Layer --> <!-- Begin Google Tag Manager Personalized Component --> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({"event":"Personalization Impressions","Personalization Impressions Data":[]}); </script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager Personalized Component --> <!-- Header Third Party Embed --> <!-- OneTrust Cookies Consent Notice start for pewtrusts.org --> <script src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="b3e0abab-c1b7-4fad-84fe-b4910c732174" ></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script> <!-- OneTrust Cookies Consent Notice end for pewtrusts.org --> <meta name="VIcurrentDateTime" content="638688454445452267" /> <meta name="VirtualFolder" content="/" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="/layouts/system/VisitorIdentification.js"></script> <script type="application/ld+json"> {"name":"Pew Biomedical Scholars","description":"Pew has a decades-long commitment to support groundbreaking research by promising early-career biomedical scientists in the United States and Latin America. Our multiyear grants encourage informed risk-taking and collaboration among researchers.","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Pew Charitable Trusts"},"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"WebPage"} </script> </head> <body class="" style=""> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W2Z5TT" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <header class="global-header" aria-label="Site header"> <div class="skip-navigation"> <a href="#main-content" class="skip-navigation__wrapper u-visuallyhidden focusable js-skip-navigation">Skip to main content</a> </div> <div class="global-header__desktop"> <div class="container container-wide--100 is-adjacent"> <div class="container__col"> <div class="container__inner"> <div class="global-header__top"> <div class="global-header__top-left"> <div class="site-logo"> <a href="/"> <svg version="1.1" id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" x="0" y="0" viewBox="0 0 215 88" xml:space="preserve"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M190.5 25.7v2.9h13.7l-13.7 36.3-16-39.2h-1.4l-14.4 39.5-13.4-36.6h13.1v-2.9h-34.2v2.9h5.9L153 85.5h1.5L169 46.6l15.9 38.9h1.4l21.2-56.9h5.5v-2.9zM117.3 31.1c-4.8-4.4-11.3-6.6-19.4-6.6-5.7 0-10.7 1.3-15 4-4.3 2.7-7.7 6.4-10.1 11.2-2.4 4.8-3.6 10.4-3.6 16.7 0 6 1.2 11.3 3.7 15.8 2.5 4.6 5.9 8.1 10.3 10.6s9.4 3.7 14.9 3.7c6.9 0 12.6-2 17.2-5.9 4-3.4 7.1-8.3 9.2-14.6l-2.8-.7c-1.5 4.7-3.5 8.4-6.1 10.9-3.5 3.3-6.2 4.4-10.9 4.4-6.2 0-11.1-2.6-14.8-7.9-3.5-5.1-5.3-12.1-5.4-21h40c.3-6.5-.5-14.2-7.2-20.6zm-8.2 17.8H84.6c.4-6.1 1.4-11.3 3.1-14.8 1.8-3.7 5.5-6.8 10.1-6.8s7.7 3.2 9.2 6.8c1.6 3.8 2.1 8.6 2.1 14.8zM41 1.4H2v2.9h10v78.3H1.9v2.9h37.7v-2.9H27.2V47.1H41c16.4 0 28.7-8.4 28.7-22.9S57.3 1.4 41 1.4zM27.2 4.3h10.5c6.8 0 15.1 4 15.1 20.2 0 17.8-10.1 19.8-16.7 19.8h-8.9v-40z"/> </svg> </a> </div> </div> <div class="global-header__top-right"> <nav class="primary-nav js-primary-nav" aria-label="primary"> <div class="primary-nav__menu-wrap js-menu"> <ul class="primary-nav__menu" role="menubar"> <li class="primary-nav__item js-primary-nav-menu has-submenu js-has-submenu " role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/topics" class="primary-nav__main-nav-link js-primary-nav-top-link" role="menuitem" id="menu1-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="menu1" aria-expanded="false">Topics</a> <div class="primary-nav__submenu js-submenu" role="none presentation"> <div class="container-wide--100" role="none presentation"> <ul class="primary-nav__topics-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="menu0-trigger" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/topics#communities" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Communities</a> <ul aria-label="Communities" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/arts-and-culture" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Arts & Culture</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/higher-education" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Higher Education</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/supporting-the-greater-philadelphia-area" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Philadelphia</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/topics#conservation" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Conservation</a> <ul aria-label="Conservation" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/land" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Land Conservation</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/oceans" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Ocean Conservation</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/topics#finance-economy" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Finance & Economy</a> <ul aria-label="Finance & Economy" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/economic-mobility" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Economic Mobility</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/family-finances" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Family Finances</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/fiscal-and-economic-policy" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Fiscal & Economic Policy</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/retirement" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Retirement</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/topics#governing" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Governing</a> <ul aria-label="Governing" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/infrastructure" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Infrastructure</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/us-policy" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >U.S. Policy</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/us-state-policy" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >U.S. State Policy</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/topics#health" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Health</a> <ul aria-label="Health" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/antibiotics" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Antibiotics</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/behavioral-health" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Behavioral Health</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/biomedical-research" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Biomedical Research</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/health-care" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Health Care</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/topics#trends" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Trends</a> <ul aria-label="Trends" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/global-trends" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Global Trends</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/hispanics" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Hispanics</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/internet-and-tech" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Internet & Tech</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/media-and-news" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Media & News</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/religion" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Religion</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/social-trends" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Social & Demographic Trends</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/us-politics" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >U.S. Politics</a></li> </ul> <a href="/en/topics" class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-link js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" > <div class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-text"> <span>View all Topics</span> <svg class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-arrow" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" width="16" height="18" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M2.667 8.86h12M10.32 4.268l4.347 4.591M10.32 13.45l4.347-4.59" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> </svg> </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item js-primary-nav-menu has-submenu js-has-submenu " role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/projects" class="primary-nav__main-nav-link js-primary-nav-top-link" role="menuitem" id="menu2-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="menu2" aria-expanded="false">Projects</a> <div class="primary-nav__submenu js-submenu" role="none presentation"> <div class="container-wide--100" role="none presentation"> <ul class="primary-nav__topics-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="menu0-trigger" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/projects#communities" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Communities</a> <ul aria-label="Communities" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/courts-and-communities" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Courts & Communities</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/supporting-the-greater-philadelphia-area" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Philadelphia</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/philadelphia-research-and-policy-initiative" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Philadelphia Research and Policy</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/student-loans" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Student Loans</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/projects#conservation" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Conservation</a> <ul aria-label="Conservation" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/advancing-coastal-wetlands-conservation" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Advancing Coastal Wetlands Conservation</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/chilean-patagonia" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Chilean Patagonia</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/conservation-canada" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Conservation Canada</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/conserving-the-pantanal-and-gran-chaco-of-south-america" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Conserving the Pantanal and Gran Chaco</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/energy-modernization" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Energy Modernization</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/international-fisheries" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >International Fisheries</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/marine-fellows" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Marine Fellows</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/ocean-governance" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Ocean Governance</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/pew-bertarelli-ocean-legacy" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Pew Bertarelli Ocean Legacy</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/preventing-ocean-plastics" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Preventing Ocean Plastics</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/protecting-australias-nature" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Protecting Australia's Nature</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/us-conservation" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >U.S. Conservation</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/projects#finance-economy" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Finance & Economy</a> <ul aria-label="Finance & Economy" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/housing-policy-initiative" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Housing Policy</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/retirement-savings" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Retirement Savings</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/state-fiscal-policy" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >State Fiscal Policy</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/projects#governing" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Governing</a> <ul aria-label="Governing" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/broadband-access-initiative" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Broadband Access</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/managing-fiscal-risks" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Managing Fiscal Risks</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/projects#health" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Health</a> <ul aria-label="Health" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/antibiotic-resistance-project" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Antibiotic Resistance</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/biomedical-research" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Biomedical Research</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/mental-health-and-justice-partnerships" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Mental Health and Justice Partnerships</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/public-health-data-improvement" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Public Health Data Improvement</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/state-health-solutions" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >State Health Solutions</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/substance-use-prevention-and-treatment-initiative" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Substance Use Prevention and Treatment</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/suicide-risk-reduction-project" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Suicide Risk Reduction</a></li> </ul> <a href="/en/projects" class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-link js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" > <div class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-text"> <span>View all Projects</span> <svg class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-arrow" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" width="16" height="18" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M2.667 8.86h12M10.32 4.268l4.347 4.591M10.32 13.45l4.347-4.59" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> </svg> </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item js-primary-nav-menu has-submenu js-has-submenu " role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/trust/archive/winter-2024/indigenous-leadership-protects-canadas-boreal-forest" class="primary-nav__main-nav-link js-primary-nav-top-link" role="menuitem" id="menu3-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="menu3" aria-expanded="false">Features</a> <div class="primary-nav__submenu js-submenu" role="none presentation"> <div class="container-wide--100" role="none presentation"> <div class="primary-nav__submenu-wrapper" role="none presentation"> <div class="primary-nav__link-list" role="menu"> <div class="primary-nav__link-list-col primary-nav__link-list-col-1" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/trust/archive/winter-2024/indigenous-leadership-protects-canadas-boreal-forest" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Features</a> <ul aria-label="Features" role="menu"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/trust" title="Trust Magazine" role="menuitem" >Trust Magazine</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/trend" role="menuitem" >Trend Magazine</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="primary-nav__link-list-col primary-nav__link-list-col-2" role="none presentation"> <ul aria-label="Features" role="menu"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/research-and-analysis/articles/2017/01/after-the-fact" role="menuitem" >After The Fact Podcast</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/celebrating-75-years" role="menuitem" >Celebrating 75 Years</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/en/trust/archive/winter-2024/indigenous-leadership-protects-canadas-boreal-forest" class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-link js-primary-nav-sub-link" > <div class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-text"> <span>Features</span> <svg class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-arrow" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" width="16" height="18" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M2.667 8.86h12M10.32 4.268l4.347 4.591M10.32 13.45l4.347-4.59" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path> </svg> </div> </a></div> <div class="primary-nav__features-wrapper u-clearfix" role="none presentation" data-sitecore-component-name="Primary Navigation Promo" data-sitecore-data-source=""> <div class="global-feature is-left" role="none presentation"> <div class="global-feature__content u-color-pair" style="color: #FFFFFF" role="none presentation"> <div class="global-feature__content-typedate-wrapper"> <span class="global-feature__content-type">Trust Magazine</span> <span class="global-feature__content-date">May 29, 2024</span> </div> <h2 class="global-feature__title js-make-clickable" id="7560acb7-6d9a-458b-adec-1bd63dab653a" data-location="/en/trust/archive/spring-2024/the-high-cost-of-putting-a-roof-over-your-head">The High Cost of Putting a Roof Over Your Head</h2> <div class="global-feature__description">A record housing shortage and skyrocketing rents and home prices mean millions of Americans now struggle to afford housing.</div> <a href="/en/trust/archive/spring-2024/the-high-cost-of-putting-a-roof-over-your-head" class="global-feature__cta" aria-labelledby="7560acb7-6d9a-458b-adec-1bd63dab653a" role="menuitem"> <span>Dive Deeper</span> <svg focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" width="16" height="18" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M2.667 8.86h12M10.32 4.268l4.347 4.591M10.32 13.45l4.347-4.59" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> </svg> </a> </div> <div class="global-feature__media-wrapper"> <figure class="global-feature__media"> <picture class="global-feature__picture js-make-clickable" data-location="/en/trust/archive/spring-2024/the-high-cost-of-putting-a-roof-over-your-head"> <source srcset="/-/media/post-launch-images/trust-magazine/spring-2024/web-images/housing/housing_thumbnail1x1.jpg?mw=676&hash=DAA8F84546327DB3BD6FF0106B654370 1x, /-/media/post-launch-images/trust-magazine/spring-2024/web-images/housing/housing_thumbnail1x1.jpg?mw=1351&hash=43AC65B04531279EB325CFBDBF160819 2x" media="(min-width: 56.9375em)" /> <source srcset="/-/media/post-launch-images/trust-magazine/spring-2024/web-images/housing/housing_thumbnail1x1.jpg?mw=462&hash=59E976CE50579AE16AE73B68F080AE42 1x, /-/media/post-launch-images/trust-magazine/spring-2024/web-images/housing/housing_thumbnail1x1.jpg?mw=924&hash=CDA665C5726667691250DEDACA863F79 2x" media="(min-width: 29.4375em)" /> <source srcset="/-/media/post-launch-images/trust-magazine/spring-2024/web-images/housing/housing_thumbnail1x1.jpg?mw=462&hash=59E976CE50579AE16AE73B68F080AE42 1x, /-/media/post-launch-images/trust-magazine/spring-2024/web-images/housing/housing_thumbnail1x1.jpg?mw=924&hash=CDA665C5726667691250DEDACA863F79 2x" media="(max-width: 29.375em)" /> <img src="/-/media/post-launch-images/trust-magazine/spring-2024/web-images/housing/housing_thumbnail1x1.jpg?la=en&h=676&w=676&hash=DC42EE033C0BA4499C06DE5B474FDC1A" alt="" /> </picture> <figcaption class="u-visuallyhidden">A record housing shortage and skyrocketing rents and home prices mean millions of Americans now struggle to afford housing.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="global-feature__overlay" style=""></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item js-primary-nav-menu has-submenu js-has-submenu " role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/about" class="primary-nav__main-nav-link js-primary-nav-top-link" role="menuitem" id="menu4-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="menu4" aria-expanded="false">About</a> <div class="primary-nav__submenu js-submenu" role="none presentation"> <div class="container-wide--100" role="none presentation"> <div class="primary-nav__submenu-wrapper" role="none presentation"> <div class="primary-nav__link-list" role="menu"> <div class="primary-nav__link-list-col primary-nav__link-list-col-1" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/about" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >About</a> <ul aria-label="About" role="menu"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/mission-and-values" role="menuitem" >Mission & Values</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/how-we-work" role="menuitem" >How We Work</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/history" role="menuitem" >History</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/leadership" role="menuitem" >Leadership</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/experts" role="menuitem" >Experts</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/news-room" role="menuitem" >News Room</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/events" role="menuitem" >Events</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="primary-nav__link-list-col primary-nav__link-list-col-2" role="none presentation"> <ul aria-label="About" role="menu"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/careers" role="menuitem" >Careers</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/diversity-equity-and-inclusion" role="menuitem" >Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/accountability" role="menuitem" >Accountability</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/philanthropic-partnerships" role="menuitem" >Partnerships</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/contact-us" role="menuitem" >Contact Us</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="http://www.pewresearch.org/" class="link-item__external" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" role="menuitem" >Pew Research Center</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/en/about" class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-link js-primary-nav-sub-link" > <div class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-text"> <span>About</span> <svg class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-arrow" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" width="16" height="18" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M2.667 8.86h12M10.32 4.268l4.347 4.591M10.32 13.45l4.347-4.59" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path> </svg> </div> </a></div> <div class="primary-nav__features-wrapper u-clearfix" role="none presentation" data-sitecore-component-name="Primary Navigation Promo" data-sitecore-data-source=""> <div class="global-feature is-left" role="none presentation"> <div class="global-feature__content u-color-pair" style="color: #FFFFFF" role="none presentation"> <div class="global-feature__content-typedate-wrapper"> <span class="global-feature__content-type">Trust Magazine</span> <span class="global-feature__content-date">May 29, 2024</span> </div> <h2 class="global-feature__title js-make-clickable" id="9e3cd9af-d7fa-48f2-8833-def9ff91b586" data-location="/en/trust/archive/spring-2024/the-digital-divide">The Digital Divide</h2> <div class="global-feature__description">High-speed internet is a staple of everyday life, but many Americans don鈥檛 have access to it because no network reaches them鈥攐r they can鈥檛 afford to pay.</div> <a href="/en/trust/archive/spring-2024/the-digital-divide" class="global-feature__cta" aria-labelledby="9e3cd9af-d7fa-48f2-8833-def9ff91b586" role="menuitem"> <span>Explore Now</span> <svg focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" width="16" height="18" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M2.667 8.86h12M10.32 4.268l4.347 4.591M10.32 13.45l4.347-4.59" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> </svg> </a> </div> <div class="global-feature__media-wrapper"> <figure class="global-feature__media"> <picture class="global-feature__picture js-make-clickable" data-location="/en/trust/archive/spring-2024/the-digital-divide"> <source srcset="/-/media/post-launch-images/trust-magazine/spring-2024/web-images/broadband/broadband_thumbnail1x1.jpg?mw=676&hash=716EE5C58896C807CEF83D0A13ECEBE6 1x, /-/media/post-launch-images/trust-magazine/spring-2024/web-images/broadband/broadband_thumbnail1x1.jpg?mw=1351&hash=4CB5339F5425E913892E2F97D6DEEDAB 2x" media="(min-width: 56.9375em)" /> <source srcset="/-/media/post-launch-images/trust-magazine/spring-2024/web-images/broadband/broadband_thumbnail1x1.jpg?mw=462&hash=02DFCC18FE35131E4788F6FD8ED7FE9A 1x, /-/media/post-launch-images/trust-magazine/spring-2024/web-images/broadband/broadband_thumbnail1x1.jpg?mw=924&hash=9A3A5E6105798AB681216DD3174C381A 2x" media="(min-width: 29.4375em)" /> <source srcset="/-/media/post-launch-images/trust-magazine/spring-2024/web-images/broadband/broadband_thumbnail1x1.jpg?mw=462&hash=02DFCC18FE35131E4788F6FD8ED7FE9A 1x, /-/media/post-launch-images/trust-magazine/spring-2024/web-images/broadband/broadband_thumbnail1x1.jpg?mw=924&hash=9A3A5E6105798AB681216DD3174C381A 2x" media="(max-width: 29.375em)" /> <img src="/-/media/post-launch-images/trust-magazine/spring-2024/web-images/broadband/broadband_thumbnail1x1.jpg?la=en&h=676&w=676&hash=F5A266A80467BF356E7E03D2C0E366F1" alt="" /> </picture> <figcaption class="u-visuallyhidden">High-speed internet is a staple of everyday life, but many Americans don鈥檛 have access to it because no network reaches them鈥攐r they can鈥檛 afford to pay.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="global-feature__overlay" style=""></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item js-primary-nav-menu has-submenu js-has-submenu " role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/get-involved" class="primary-nav__main-nav-link js-primary-nav-top-link" role="menuitem" id="menu5-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="menu5" aria-expanded="false">Get Involved</a> <div class="primary-nav__submenu js-submenu" role="none presentation"> <div class="container-wide--100" role="none presentation"> <div class="primary-nav__submenu-wrapper" role="none presentation"> <div class="primary-nav__link-list" role="menu"> <div class="primary-nav__link-list-col primary-nav__link-list-col-1" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/get-involved" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Get Involved</a> <ul aria-label="Get Involved" role="menu"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="https://cloud.pewtrusts.org/pewsignup" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" role="menuitem" >Sign Up</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/get-involved/action-alerts" role="menuitem" >Take Action</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/get-involved/rss-feeds" role="menuitem" >RSS Feeds</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="primary-nav__link-list-col primary-nav__link-list-col-2" role="none presentation"> <ul aria-label="Get Involved" role="menu"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/get-involved/social-media-page" role="menuitem" >Follow Us</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/philanthropic-partnerships" role="menuitem" >Partner with Us</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/en/get-involved" class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-link js-primary-nav-sub-link" > <div class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-text"> <span>Get Involved</span> <svg class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-arrow" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" width="16" height="18" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M2.667 8.86h12M10.32 4.268l4.347 4.591M10.32 13.45l4.347-4.59" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path> </svg> </div> </a></div> <div class="primary-nav__features-wrapper u-clearfix" role="none presentation" data-sitecore-component-name="Primary Navigation Promo" data-sitecore-data-source=""> <div class="global-feature global-feature--overlay" role="none presentation"> <div class="global-feature__content u-color-pair" style="color: #FFFFFF" role="none presentation"> <h2 class="global-feature__title js-make-clickable" id="81b6156e-251f-4069-9b0f-7720b2266094" data-location="https://www.instagram.com/pewtrusts/">Follow Pew on Instagram</h2> <div class="global-feature__description">Sharing charts, maps, and more to show who Americans are, how policy affects the everyday, and how we can use data to make a difference. Nonpartisan forever.</div> </div> <div class="global-feature__media-wrapper"> <figure class="global-feature__media"> <picture class="global-feature__picture js-make-clickable" data-location="https://www.instagram.com/pewtrusts/"> <source srcset="/-/media/post-launch-images/2022/06/johnmarkarnoldunsplash_16x9.jpg?mw=676&hash=E5CBF52F62B847190CBDA95E3AE3E6D8 1x, /-/media/post-launch-images/2022/06/johnmarkarnoldunsplash_16x9.jpg?mw=1351&hash=8402AC6B1A3FEA2CB5B19492BB5C52B8 2x" media="(min-width: 56.9375em)" /> <source srcset="/-/media/post-launch-images/2022/06/johnmarkarnoldunsplash_16x9.jpg?mw=462&hash=5B872E559254255E9780455C98EA1B64 1x, /-/media/post-launch-images/2022/06/johnmarkarnoldunsplash_16x9.jpg?mw=924&hash=543D1C6EA9C20B37872BCDF8A3F10E51 2x" media="(min-width: 29.4375em)" /> <source srcset="/-/media/post-launch-images/2022/06/johnmarkarnoldunsplash_16x9.jpg?mw=462&hash=5B872E559254255E9780455C98EA1B64 1x, /-/media/post-launch-images/2022/06/johnmarkarnoldunsplash_16x9.jpg?mw=924&hash=543D1C6EA9C20B37872BCDF8A3F10E51 2x" media="(max-width: 29.375em)" /> <img src="/-/media/post-launch-images/2022/06/johnmarkarnoldunsplash_16x9.jpg?la=en&h=381&w=676&hash=8424D6A96C3A514DE5EF36186C2AF016" alt="Two hands reaching out from a crowd with a phone to record someone on stage." /> </picture> <figcaption class="u-visuallyhidden">Sharing charts, maps, and more to show who Americans are, how policy affects the everyday, and how we can use data to make a difference. Nonpartisan forever.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="global-feature__overlay" style=""></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> <form action="/en/search" aria-label="Quick search" class="search-box quick-search-box" method="post" novalidate="" role="search"> <div class="search-box__input"> <input id="SearchPageUrl" name="SearchPageUrl" type="hidden" value="/en/search" /> <label class="u-visuallyhidden" for="keyword-91b7f53d-dd2c-48ed-b20c-a82d808cb21f">Search</label> <input autocomplete="off" class="js-quick-search-input" id="keyword-91b7f53d-dd2c-48ed-b20c-a82d808cb21f" name="Keyword" placeholder="Search" type="search" value="" /> <button type="button" class="search-box__clear-and-close js-quick-search-clear-and-close" aria-label="clear and close"> <svg focusable="false" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24"><path d="M18.98 6.42L13.4 12 19 17.58l-1.4 1.4L12 13.4 6.42 19l-1.4-1.4L10.6 12 5 6.42l1.4-1.4L12 10.6 17.58 5z"/></svg> </button> <button type="submit" class="search-box__button"> <svg id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 165.67 164.76"> <defs> <style> .cls-1{fill:currentColor} </style> </defs> <path class="cls-1" d="M69.73 139.46C31.28 139.46 0 108.18 0 69.73S31.28 0 69.73 0s69.73 31.28 69.73 69.73-31.28 69.73-69.73 69.73Zm0-125.46C39 14 14 39 14 69.73s25 55.73 55.73 55.73 55.73-25 55.73-55.73S100.46 14 69.73 14Z"/> <path class="cls-1" d="M158.67 164.76c-1.79 0-3.58-.68-4.95-2.05l-44.28-44.28a7.007 7.007 0 0 1 0-9.9 7.007 7.007 0 0 1 9.9 0l44.28 44.28a7.007 7.007 0 0 1 0 9.9 6.973 6.973 0 0 1-4.95 2.05Z"/> </svg> </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="global-header__mobile"> <!-- Mobile Logo --> <div class="site-logo"> <a href="/"> <svg version="1.1" id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" x="0" y="0" viewBox="0 0 215 88" xml:space="preserve"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M190.5 25.7v2.9h13.7l-13.7 36.3-16-39.2h-1.4l-14.4 39.5-13.4-36.6h13.1v-2.9h-34.2v2.9h5.9L153 85.5h1.5L169 46.6l15.9 38.9h1.4l21.2-56.9h5.5v-2.9zM117.3 31.1c-4.8-4.4-11.3-6.6-19.4-6.6-5.7 0-10.7 1.3-15 4-4.3 2.7-7.7 6.4-10.1 11.2-2.4 4.8-3.6 10.4-3.6 16.7 0 6 1.2 11.3 3.7 15.8 2.5 4.6 5.9 8.1 10.3 10.6s9.4 3.7 14.9 3.7c6.9 0 12.6-2 17.2-5.9 4-3.4 7.1-8.3 9.2-14.6l-2.8-.7c-1.5 4.7-3.5 8.4-6.1 10.9-3.5 3.3-6.2 4.4-10.9 4.4-6.2 0-11.1-2.6-14.8-7.9-3.5-5.1-5.3-12.1-5.4-21h40c.3-6.5-.5-14.2-7.2-20.6zm-8.2 17.8H84.6c.4-6.1 1.4-11.3 3.1-14.8 1.8-3.7 5.5-6.8 10.1-6.8s7.7 3.2 9.2 6.8c1.6 3.8 2.1 8.6 2.1 14.8zM41 1.4H2v2.9h10v78.3H1.9v2.9h37.7v-2.9H27.2V47.1H41c16.4 0 28.7-8.4 28.7-22.9S57.3 1.4 41 1.4zM27.2 4.3h10.5c6.8 0 15.1 4 15.1 20.2 0 17.8-10.1 19.8-16.7 19.8h-8.9v-40z"/> </svg> </a> </div> <div class="global-header__search-menu-wrapper"> <!-- Mobile Quick Search Bar --> <!-- Mobile Menu --> <div class="search-menu js-mobile-search-menu" role="search" aria-label="Global"> <button type="button" class="search-menu__button js-mobile-search-menu-button" aria-label="open search menu"> <svg class="search-menu__toggle" role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="20" height="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <use xlink:href="#search-a" transform="translate(1.11 1.11)" fill="currentColor"></use> <use xlink:href="#search-b" transform="translate(13.33 13.333)" fill="currentColor"></use> <defs> <path id="search-a" d="M7.22 15.44c4.54 0 8.22-3.68 8.22-8.22h-2c0 3.44-2.78 6.22-6.22 6.22v2zm8.22-8.22C15.44 2.68 11.76-1 7.22-1v2c3.44 0 6.22 2.8 6.22 6.22h2zM7.22-1C2.68-1-1 2.68-1 7.22h2C1 3.8 3.8 1 7.22 1v-2zM-1 7.22c0 4.54 3.68 8.22 8.22 8.22v-2C3.8 13.44 1 10.66 1 7.22h-2z"></path> <path id="search-b" d="M1.26-.15c-.4-.4-1.02-.4-1.4 0-.4.4-.4 1.02 0 1.4l1.4-1.4zM4.3 5.7c.38.4 1.02.4 1.4 0 .4-.38.4-1.02 0-1.4L4.3 5.7zM-.16 1.27L4.3 5.7l1.4-1.4L1.27-.16l-1.4 1.4z"></path> </defs> </svg> </button> <div class="search-menu__drop-down js-mobile-search-menu-content"> <form action="/en/search" class="search-box quick-search-box" method="post" novalidate=""> <div class="search-box__input"> <input id="SearchPageUrl" name="SearchPageUrl" type="hidden" value="/en/search" /> <label class="u-visuallyhidden" for="Keyword" id="keyword-f55eca25-7b26-44eb-a985-62b2ed36734c">Search</label> <input autocomplete="off" class="js-mobile-search-input" id="keyword-f55eca25-7b26-44eb-a985-62b2ed36734c" name="Keyword" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /> <button type="button" class="search-box__clear-and-close js-mobile-search-clear-and-close" aria-label="clear and close"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24"><path d="M18.98 6.42L13.4 12 19 17.58l-1.4 1.4L12 13.4 6.42 19l-1.4-1.4L10.6 12 5 6.42l1.4-1.4L12 10.6 17.58 5z" /></svg> </button> <button type="submit" class="search-box__button"> <span class="u-visuallyhidden">Submit Search</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 20 20" width="20" height="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <use xlink:href="#search2-a" transform="translate(1.11 1.11)"></use> <use xlink:href="#search2-b" transform="translate(13.33 13.333)"></use> <defs> <path id="search2-a" d="M7.22 15.44c4.54 0 8.22-3.68 8.22-8.22h-2c0 3.44-2.78 6.22-6.22 6.22v2zm8.22-8.22C15.44 2.68 11.76-1 7.22-1v2c3.44 0 6.22 2.8 6.22 6.22h2zM7.22-1C2.68-1-1 2.68-1 7.22h2C1 3.8 3.8 1 7.22 1v-2zM-1 7.22c0 4.54 3.68 8.22 8.22 8.22v-2C3.8 13.44 1 10.66 1 7.22h-2z"></path> <path id="search2-b" d="M1.26-.15c-.4-.4-1.02-.4-1.4 0-.4.4-.4 1.02 0 1.4l1.4-1.4zM4.3 5.7c.38.4 1.02.4 1.4 0 .4-.38.4-1.02 0-1.4L4.3 5.7zM-.16 1.27L4.3 5.7l1.4-1.4L1.27-.16l-1.4 1.4z"></path> </defs> </svg> </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <nav class="mobile-menu js-mobile-menu"> <button type="button" aria-label="toggle mobile menu" class="nav-toggle js-nav-toggle"> <span class="nav-toggle__hamburger-icon"> <svg role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="22" height="22" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><use xlink:href="#navtoggle-a" transform="translate(2.5 3)" fill="currentColor"></use><use xlink:href="#navtoggle-a" transform="translate(2.5 10)" fill="currentColor"></use><use xlink:href="#navtoggle-a" transform="translate(2.5 17)" fill="currentColor"></use><defs><path id="navtoggle-a" d="M0 0c-.55 0-1 .45-1 1s.45 1 1 1V0zm17 2c.55 0 1-.45 1-1s-.45-1-1-1v2zM0 2h17V0H0v2z"></path></defs></svg> </span> <span class="nav-toggle__close-icon"> <svg role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="22" height="22" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="m4 4 14 14M4 18 18 4" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> </svg> </span> </button> <div class="mobile-menu__drop-down js-mobile-menu-content"> <div class="primary-nav js-primary-nav" aria-label="primary" role="menu"> <ul class="primary-nav__menu" role="menubar" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li class="primary-nav__item js-primary-nav-menu has-submenu js-has-submenu " role="none presentation"> <button class="primary-nav__main-nav-link js-primary-nav-top-link" role="menuitem" id="menu1-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="menu1" aria-expanded="false"> <span>Topics</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="20" height="13" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="m2 2.037 8 8.148M18 2.037l-8 8.148" stroke="#fff" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> </svg> </button> <div class="primary-nav__submenu js-submenu" role="none presentation"> <div class="container--100" role="none presentation"> <ul class="primary-nav__topics-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="menu1-trigger" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/topics#communities" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Communities</a> <ul aria-label="Communities" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/arts-and-culture" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Arts & Culture</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/higher-education" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Higher Education</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/supporting-the-greater-philadelphia-area" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Philadelphia</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/topics#conservation" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Conservation</a> <ul aria-label="Conservation" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/land" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Land Conservation</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/oceans" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Ocean Conservation</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/topics#finance-economy" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Finance & Economy</a> <ul aria-label="Finance & Economy" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/economic-mobility" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Economic Mobility</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/family-finances" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Family Finances</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/fiscal-and-economic-policy" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Fiscal & Economic Policy</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/retirement" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Retirement</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/topics#governing" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Governing</a> <ul aria-label="Governing" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/infrastructure" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Infrastructure</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/us-policy" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >U.S. Policy</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/us-state-policy" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >U.S. State Policy</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/topics#health" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Health</a> <ul aria-label="Health" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/antibiotics" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Antibiotics</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/behavioral-health" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Behavioral Health</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/biomedical-research" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Biomedical Research</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/health-care" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Health Care</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/topics#trends" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Trends</a> <ul aria-label="Trends" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/global-trends" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Global Trends</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/hispanics" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Hispanics</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/internet-and-tech" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Internet & Tech</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/media-and-news" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Media & News</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/religion" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Religion</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/social-trends" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Social & Demographic Trends</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/topics/us-politics" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >U.S. Politics</a></li> </ul> <a href="/en/topics" class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-link js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" > <div class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-text"> <span>View all Topics</span> <svg class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-arrow" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" width="16" height="18" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M2.667 8.86h12M10.32 4.268l4.347 4.591M10.32 13.45l4.347-4.59" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> </svg> </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item js-primary-nav-menu has-submenu js-has-submenu " role="none presentation"> <button class="primary-nav__main-nav-link js-primary-nav-top-link" role="menuitem" id="menu2-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="menu2" aria-expanded="false"> <span>Projects</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="20" height="13" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="m2 2.037 8 8.148M18 2.037l-8 8.148" stroke="#fff" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> </svg> </button> <div class="primary-nav__submenu js-submenu" role="none presentation"> <div class="container--100" role="none presentation"> <ul class="primary-nav__topics-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="menu2-trigger" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/projects#communities" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Communities</a> <ul aria-label="Communities" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/courts-and-communities" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Courts & Communities</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/supporting-the-greater-philadelphia-area" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Philadelphia</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/philadelphia-research-and-policy-initiative" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Philadelphia Research and Policy</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/student-loans" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Student Loans</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/projects#conservation" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Conservation</a> <ul aria-label="Conservation" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/advancing-coastal-wetlands-conservation" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Advancing Coastal Wetlands Conservation</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/chilean-patagonia" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Chilean Patagonia</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/conservation-canada" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Conservation Canada</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/conserving-the-pantanal-and-gran-chaco-of-south-america" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Conserving the Pantanal and Gran Chaco</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/energy-modernization" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Energy Modernization</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/international-fisheries" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >International Fisheries</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/marine-fellows" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Marine Fellows</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/ocean-governance" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Ocean Governance</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/pew-bertarelli-ocean-legacy" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Pew Bertarelli Ocean Legacy</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/preventing-ocean-plastics" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Preventing Ocean Plastics</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/protecting-australias-nature" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Protecting Australia's Nature</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/us-conservation" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >U.S. Conservation</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/projects#finance-economy" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Finance & Economy</a> <ul aria-label="Finance & Economy" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/housing-policy-initiative" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Housing Policy</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/retirement-savings" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Retirement Savings</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/state-fiscal-policy" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >State Fiscal Policy</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/projects#governing" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Governing</a> <ul aria-label="Governing" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/broadband-access-initiative" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Broadband Access</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/managing-fiscal-risks" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Managing Fiscal Risks</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__topics-col" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/projects#health" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Health</a> <ul aria-label="Health" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/antibiotic-resistance-project" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Antibiotic Resistance</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/biomedical-research" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Biomedical Research</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/mental-health-and-justice-partnerships" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Mental Health and Justice Partnerships</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/public-health-data-improvement" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Public Health Data Improvement</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/state-health-solutions" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >State Health Solutions</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/substance-use-prevention-and-treatment-initiative" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Substance Use Prevention and Treatment</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/projects/suicide-risk-reduction-project" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Suicide Risk Reduction</a></li> </ul> <a href="/en/projects" class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-link js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" > <div class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-text"> <span>View all Projects</span> <svg class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-arrow" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" width="16" height="18" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M2.667 8.86h12M10.32 4.268l4.347 4.591M10.32 13.45l4.347-4.59" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> </svg> </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item js-primary-nav-menu has-submenu js-has-submenu " role="none presentation"> <button class="primary-nav__main-nav-link js-primary-nav-top-link" role="menuitem" id="menu3-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="menu3" aria-expanded="false"> <span>Features</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="20" height="13" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="m2 2.037 8 8.148M18 2.037l-8 8.148" stroke="#fff" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> </svg> </button> <div class="primary-nav__submenu js-submenu" role="none presentation"> <div class="container--100" role="none presentation"> <div class="primary-nav__submenu-wrapper" role="none presentation"> <div class="primary-nav__link-list" role="menu"> <div class="primary-nav__link-list-col primary-nav__link-list-col-1" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/trust/archive/winter-2024/indigenous-leadership-protects-canadas-boreal-forest" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Features</a> <ul aria-label="Features" role="menu"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/trust" title="Trust Magazine" role="menuitem" >Trust Magazine</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/trend" role="menuitem" >Trend Magazine</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="primary-nav__link-list-col primary-nav__link-list-col-2" role="none presentation"> <ul aria-label="Features" role="menu"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/research-and-analysis/articles/2017/01/after-the-fact" role="menuitem" >After The Fact Podcast</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/celebrating-75-years" role="menuitem" >Celebrating 75 Years</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/en/trust/archive/winter-2024/indigenous-leadership-protects-canadas-boreal-forest" class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-link js-primary-nav-sub-link" > <div class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-text"> <span>Features</span> <svg class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-arrow" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" width="16" height="18" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M2.667 8.86h12M10.32 4.268l4.347 4.591M10.32 13.45l4.347-4.59" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path> </svg> </div> </a></div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item js-primary-nav-menu has-submenu js-has-submenu " role="none presentation"> <button class="primary-nav__main-nav-link js-primary-nav-top-link" role="menuitem" id="menu4-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="menu4" aria-expanded="false"> <span>About</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="20" height="13" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="m2 2.037 8 8.148M18 2.037l-8 8.148" stroke="#fff" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> </svg> </button> <div class="primary-nav__submenu js-submenu" role="none presentation"> <div class="container--100" role="none presentation"> <div class="primary-nav__submenu-wrapper" role="none presentation"> <div class="primary-nav__link-list" role="menu"> <div class="primary-nav__link-list-col primary-nav__link-list-col-1" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/about" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >About</a> <ul aria-label="About" role="menu"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/mission-and-values" role="menuitem" >Mission & Values</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/how-we-work" role="menuitem" >How We Work</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/history" role="menuitem" >History</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/leadership" role="menuitem" >Leadership</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/experts" role="menuitem" >Experts</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/news-room" role="menuitem" >News Room</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/events" role="menuitem" >Events</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="primary-nav__link-list-col primary-nav__link-list-col-2" role="none presentation"> <ul aria-label="About" role="menu"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/careers" role="menuitem" >Careers</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/diversity-equity-and-inclusion" role="menuitem" >Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/accountability" role="menuitem" >Accountability</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/philanthropic-partnerships" role="menuitem" >Partnerships</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/contact-us" role="menuitem" >Contact Us</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="http://www.pewresearch.org/" class="link-item__external" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" role="menuitem" >Pew Research Center</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/en/about" class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-link js-primary-nav-sub-link" > <div class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-text"> <span>About</span> <svg class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-arrow" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" width="16" height="18" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M2.667 8.86h12M10.32 4.268l4.347 4.591M10.32 13.45l4.347-4.59" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path> </svg> </div> </a></div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item js-primary-nav-menu has-submenu js-has-submenu " role="none presentation"> <button class="primary-nav__main-nav-link js-primary-nav-top-link" role="menuitem" id="menu5-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="menu5" aria-expanded="false"> <span>Get Involved</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="20" height="13" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="m2 2.037 8 8.148M18 2.037l-8 8.148" stroke="#fff" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> </svg> </button> <div class="primary-nav__submenu js-submenu" role="none presentation"> <div class="container--100" role="none presentation"> <div class="primary-nav__submenu-wrapper" role="none presentation"> <div class="primary-nav__link-list" role="menu"> <div class="primary-nav__link-list-col primary-nav__link-list-col-1" role="none presentation"> <a href="/en/get-involved" class="js-primary-nav-sub-link" role="menuitem" >Get Involved</a> <ul aria-label="Get Involved" role="menu"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="https://cloud.pewtrusts.org/pewsignup" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" role="menuitem" >Sign Up</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/get-involved/action-alerts" role="menuitem" >Take Action</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/get-involved/rss-feeds" role="menuitem" >RSS Feeds</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="primary-nav__link-list-col primary-nav__link-list-col-2" role="none presentation"> <ul aria-label="Get Involved" role="menu"> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/get-involved/social-media-page" role="menuitem" >Follow Us</a></li> <li role="none presentation"><a href="/en/about/philanthropic-partnerships" role="menuitem" >Partner with Us</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/en/get-involved" class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-link js-primary-nav-sub-link" > <div class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-text"> <span>Get Involved</span> <svg class="primary-nav__view-all-topics-arrow" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" width="16" height="18" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M2.667 8.86h12M10.32 4.268l4.347 4.591M10.32 13.45l4.347-4.59" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path> </svg> </div> </a></div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </header> <div class="main-content js-main-primary" id="main-content"> <section class="container container--bleed has-color u-color-pair " id="Container-d04ba207-2b90-466c-a5a6-4a34c058fd45" style="background-color:#393939;"> <div class="container__col container__col--bleed"> <div class="page-banner js-dynamic-banner " style="" id-"@Model.RenderingParameters.Unique_ID"> <img class="page-banner__image-overlay" src="data:image/gif;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAQAAAC1HAwCAAAAC0lEQVR42mNkYAAAAAYAAjCB0C8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=" style="background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom,transparent 0, 60%,rgba(0,0,0,.25) 70%,rgba(0,0,0,.5) 80%,rgba(0,0,0,.7) 90%,rgba(0,0,0,1) 100%)"> <div class="page-banner__inner"> <div class="page-banner__image"> <picture> <source srcset="/-/media/images/branding-and-banners/projects/active_new/pewbiomedfellows.jpg?mw=2580&hash=83F64840A365FD55FDA87846EA0E6189 1x, /-/media/images/branding-and-banners/projects/active_new/pewbiomedfellows.jpg?mw=5660&hash=58F4D45E805A5141AE70F5FDE79CCB41 2x" media="(min-width: 80.6875em)" /> <source srcset="/-/media/images/branding-and-banners/projects/active_new/pewbiomedfellows.jpg?mw=1290&hash=36308C469010943140701422AF22670B 1x, /-/media/images/branding-and-banners/projects/active_new/pewbiomedfellows.jpg?mw=2680&hash=CAEEF48F8B13735B9163EB3D3396A12D 2x" media="(min-width: 56.9375em)" /> <source srcset="/-/media/images/branding-and-banners/projects/active_new/pewbiomedfellows.jpg?mw=910&hash=B8621D2E0BC3E801EEF24137784C87D1 1x, /-/media/images/branding-and-banners/projects/active_new/pewbiomedfellows.jpg?mw=1820&hash=20883E25389320B23D84BF4324436458 2x" media="(min-width: 29.4375em)" /> <source srcset="/-/media/images/branding-and-banners/projects/active_new/pewbiomedfellows.jpg?mw=470&hash=466C396E1F38E6CEC0C5C5C12C6F5D21 1x, /-/media/images/branding-and-banners/projects/active_new/pewbiomedfellows.jpg?mw=940&hash=B26994060398F73A96E5B17A73E67BA4 2x" media="(max-width: 29.375em)" /> <img src="/-/media/images/branding-and-banners/projects/active_new/pewbiomedfellows.jpg?la=en&h=876&w=2580&hash=A37B6495F3DA760BC7F35C143B10DFC5" class="js-banner-media" alt="scientist looking into a microsope" /> </picture> </div> <div class="page-banner__text u-color-pair" style="color: #FFFFFF;"> <span class="page-banner__eyebrow">Project</span> <h1 id="banner-afabb8fc-ca8f-4214-b230-6e3b7e6a6309" class="page-banner__title">Pew Biomedical Scholars</h1> <div class="page-banner__details"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-toolbar__wrapper" id=""> <div class="page-toolbar"> <div class="container container--100"> <div class="page-toolbar__action-items"> <div class="page-toolbar__selector page-toolbar__share "> <span class="page-toolbar__selector-title">Share</span> <svg class="page-toolbar__selector-icon page-toolbar__selector-icon--share" viewBox="0 0 10 11" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="translate(-4 -4)" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M8.9444444 11.1300001L8.9399996 4" /><path d="M5.0555556 9.5555556V14h7.7777777V9.5931575" /><path d="M6.1666667 6.7777778L8.9444444 4" /><path d="M11.7222222 6.7777778L8.9444444 4" /></g></g></svg> <div class="toolbar-callout" data-component="Share"> <a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Pew%20Biomedical%20Scholars&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpew.org%2F1u0PAvH&via=pewtrusts" class="xdbpe" data-xdbpe="92FCAB40-D585-426F-95A5-452E948A19A1" aria-label="Twitter"> Twitter <svg role="img" viewBox="0 0 8 6" class="toolbar-callout__social-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Twitter</title> <path stroke="none" d="M7.2 1.5v.2c0 2-1.7 4.3-4.7 4.3A5 5 0 0 1 0 5.3h.4c.8 0 1.5-.2 2-.6-.7 0-1.3-.5-1.5-1a1.9 1.9 0 0 0 .7 0C1 3.4.3 2.8.3 2l.8.2C.6 2 .3 1.6.3 1 .3.8.4.5.6.3a5 5 0 0 0 3.3 1.6v-.4C3.9.7 4.6 0 5.5 0c.5 0 1 .2 1.2.5.4 0 .8-.2 1-.4 0 .4-.3.7-.6.8.3 0 .6 0 .9-.2l-.8.8z" fill-rule="evenodd"/> </svg> </a> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fpew.org%2F1u0PAvH&t=Pew%20Biomedical%20Scholars" class="xdbpe" data-xdbpe="92FCAB40-D585-426F-95A5-452E948A19A1" aria-label="Facebook"> Facebook <svg role="img" viewBox="0 0 4 8" class="toolbar-callout__social-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Facebook</title> <path stroke="none" d="M1.3.4A2 2 0 0 1 2.6 0H4v1.4H3l-.4.3v1H4L3.8 4H2.6v4H1V4H0V2.6h1V1.3c0-.3.2-.7.4-.9z"/> </svg> </a> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpew.org%2F1u0PAvH&title=Pew%20Biomedical%20Scholars&summary=&source=PewTrusts.org" class="xdbpe" data-xdbpe="92FCAB40-D585-426F-95A5-452E948A19A1" aria-label="LinkedIn"> LinkedIn <svg role="img" viewBox="0 0 8 8" class="toolbar-callout__social-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>LinkedIn</title> <path stroke="none" d="M8 4.9V8H6.3V5.1C6.3 4.4 6 4 5.4 4c-.5 0-.7.3-.9.6V8H2.8V2.6h1.7v.8c.2-.4.6-1 1.5-1 1.2 0 2 .8 2 2.5zM1 0C.4 0 0 .4 0 1c0 .5.4.9 1 .9s1-.4 1-1C2 .4 1.5 0 1 0zM0 8h1.7V2.6H.1V8z"/> </svg> </a> <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#84bbf7f1e6eee1e7f0b9d4e1f3a1b6b4c6edebe9e1e0ede7e5e8a1b6b4d7e7ecebe8e5f6f7a2e5e9f4bfe6ebe0fdb9ecf0f0f4a1b7c5a1b6c2a1b6c2f4e1f3aaebf6e3a1b6c2b5f1b4d4c5f2cc" class="xdbpe" data-xdbpe="92FCAB40-D585-426F-95A5-452E948A19A1" aria-label="Email"> Email <svg role="img" viewBox="0 0 10 8" class="toolbar-callout__social-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Email</title> <g transform="translate(-1 -2)" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><rect x="2" y="3" width="8" height="6" rx="1"/><path d="M6 6.5l2.5-2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"/><path d="M3.5 4.5l2.5 2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"/></g> </svg> </a> <a href="javascript:window.print();" class="xdbpe" data-xdbpe="FF65F8A2-F924-48B4-981A-C8FB6D8AA316" aria-label="Print"> Print <svg role="img" class="toolbar-callout__social-icon" viewBox="0 0 10 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Print</title> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M1 .5h8v9H1v-9z"/><path d="M3 3h4"/><path d="M3 5h4"/><path d="M3 7h4"/></g> </svg> </a> </div> </div><div class="share-bar-mobile"> <div class="share-bar-mobile__bottom-bar"> <div class="share-bar-mobile__item js-mobile-share"> <button class="share-bar-mobile__btn js-mobile-share-btn">Share</button> <div class="share-bar-mobile__menu-wrapper"> <div class="share-bar-mobile__menu-top"> <span>Share</span> <button class="share-bar-mobile__close-btn js-mobile-share-close"> <svg width="12" height="12" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m7.095 6 4.155 4.155v1.095h-1.095L6 7.095 1.845 11.25H.75v-1.095L4.905 6 .75 1.845V.75h1.095L6 4.905 10.155.75h1.095v1.095L7.095 6Z" fill="currentColor" /></svg> </button> </div> <ul class="share-bar-mobile__menu share-bar-mobile__share-menu js-mobile-share-content"> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Pew%20Biomedical%20Scholars&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpew.org%2F1u0PAvH&via=pewtrusts" class="share-bar-mobile__menu-item js-mobile-share-link"> <svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M22.46 6c-.77.35-1.6.58-2.46.69.88-.53 1.56-1.37 1.88-2.38-.83.5-1.75.85-2.72 1.05C18.37 4.5 17.26 4 16 4c-2.35 0-4.27 1.92-4.27 4.29 0 .34.04.67.11.98C8.28 9.09 5.11 7.38 3 4.79c-.37.63-.58 1.37-.58 2.15 0 1.49.75 2.81 1.91 3.56-.71 0-1.37-.2-1.95-.5v.03c0 2.08 1.48 3.82 3.44 4.21a4.22 4.22 0 0 1-1.93.07 4.28 4.28 0 0 0 4 2.98 8.521 8.521 0 0 1-5.33 1.84c-.34 0-.68-.02-1.02-.06C3.44 20.29 5.7 21 8.12 21 16 21 20.33 14.46 20.33 8.79c0-.19 0-.37-.01-.56.84-.6 1.56-1.36 2.14-2.23Z" fill="currentColor" /></svg> <span>Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpew.org%2F1u0PAvH&title=Pew%20Biomedical%20Scholars&summary=&source=PewTrusts.org" class="share-bar-mobile__menu-item js-mobile-share-link"> <svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g clip-path="url(#a)" fill="currentColor"><path d="M4.983 4.196a2.188 2.188 0 1 0 0-4.376 2.188 2.188 0 0 0 0 4.376ZM9.237 5.855v12.139h3.769V11.99c0-1.584.298-3.118 2.262-3.118 1.937 0 1.961 1.81 1.961 3.218v5.904H21v-6.657c0-3.27-.704-5.783-4.526-5.783-1.835 0-3.065 1.007-3.568 1.96h-.051v-1.66H9.237Zm-6.142 0H6.87v12.139H3.095V5.854Z" /></g><defs><clipPath id="a"><path fill="currentColor" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" /></clipPath></defs></svg> <span>LinkedIn</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fpew.org%2F1u0PAvH&t=Pew%20Biomedical%20Scholars" class="share-bar-mobile__menu-item js-mobile-share-link"> <svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M9.198 21.5h4v-8.01h3.604l.396-3.98h-4V7.5a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3v-4h-3a5 5 0 0 0-5 5v2.01h-2l-.396 3.98h2.396v8.01Z" fill="currentColor" /></svg> <span>Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#86b9f5f3e4ece3e5f2bbd6e3f1a3b4b6c4efe9ebe3e2efe5e7eaa3b4b6d5e5eee9eae7f4f5a0e7ebf6bde4e9e2ffbbeef2f2f6a3b5c7a3b4c0a3b4c0f6e3f1a8e9f4e1a3b4c0b7f3b6d6c7f0ce" class="share-bar-mobile__menu-item js-mobile-share-link"> <svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M22 4H2v16h20V4Zm-2 4-8 5-8-5V6l8 5 8-5v2Z" fill="currentColor" /></svg> <span>Email</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="javascript:window.print();" class="share-bar-mobile__menu-item js-mobile-share-link"> <svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M18 3H6v4h12V3Zm1 9a1 1 0 1 1 0-2 1 1 0 0 1 0 2Zm-3 7H8v-5h8v5Zm3-11H5a3 3 0 0 0-3 3v6h4v4h12v-4h4v-6a3 3 0 0 0-3-3Z" fill="currentColor" /></svg> <span>Print</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Language Selector --> </div> <!-- Section Navigation --> <div class="local-navigation local-navigation--section-nav js-section-nav"> <span class="local-navigation__link-chevron-wrapper"> <span class="icon icon--chevron-down"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 13.6 6.1" xml:space="preserve" role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <path d="M12.4 0 6.8 4 1.2 0 0 1.2l6.8 4.9 6.8-4.9z"/> <path d="m1.2 0 5.6 4 5.6-4 1.2 1.2-6.8 4.9L0 1.2z"/> </svg> </span> </span> <p id="local-navigation-button-label" class="u-visuallyhidden">Sections</p> <button id="local-navigation-toolbar-trigger" class="local-navigation__active-header js-local-nav-toolbar-trigger" type="button" aria-labelledby="local-navigation-button-label local-navigation-toolbar-trigger" aria-haspopup="listbox" title="Overview"> <span class="local-navigation__active-header-text">Overview</span> <span class="local-navigation__active-header-type" aria-hidden="true">Sections</span> </button> <div id="local-navigation__pop-out-menu" class="local-navigation__pop-out-menu"> <ul class="local-navigation__menu-header-list js-local-nav-headers" role="listbox" aria-labelledby="local-navigation-button-label"> <li class="local-navigation__menu-h2 js-local-nav-header-link local-navigation__is-current-page" role="option" tabindex="-1" data-link-url="/en/projects/pew-biomedical-scholars"> Overview </li> <li class="local-navigation__menu-h3 js-local-nav-header-link " role="option" tabindex="-1" data-link-url="/en/projects/pew-biomedical-scholars/directory-of-pew-scholars"> Directory of Scholars </li> <li class="local-navigation__menu-h3 js-local-nav-header-link " role="option" tabindex="-1" data-link-url="/en/projects/pew-biomedical-scholars/program-details"> Program Details </li> <li class="local-navigation__menu-h3 js-local-nav-header-link " role="option" tabindex="-1" data-link-url="/en/projects/pew-biomedical-scholars/to-apply"> To Apply </li> </ul> </div> </div> <span class="page-toolbar__page-title u-hidden"> Pew Biomedical Scholars </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section><section class="container container--70-30 " id=""> <div class="container__col container__col--70"> <div class="container__inner"> <section class="image-block "> <h4 class="image-block__title 2">Meet the 2024 Class</h4> <figure class="image-block__media"> <a href="/en/projects/pew-biomedical-scholars/directory-of-pew-scholars" > <picture> <source srcset="/-/media/post-launch-images/2024/06/990-pew-scholar-directory-2024.png?mw=1290&hash=184599E53E5BEC09E42963B5AB083B33 1x, /-/media/post-launch-images/2024/06/990-pew-scholar-directory-2024.png?mw=2580&hash=30DF826E9AE994E615202481888ADCF7 2x" media="(min-width: 56.9375em )" /> <source srcset="/-/media/post-launch-images/2024/06/990-pew-scholar-directory-2024.png?mw=910&hash=70AC0069944286AB8A3F650E67189BAB 1x, /-/media/post-launch-images/2024/06/990-pew-scholar-directory-2024.png?mw=1820&hash=3561023E74B18A0803387ADE6F31ED73 2x" media="(min-width: 29.4375em )" /> <source srcset="/-/media/post-launch-images/2024/06/990-pew-scholar-directory-2024.png?mw=470&hash=439A13DCC2C21EFFC8FDB45B13E04049 1x, /-/media/post-launch-images/2024/06/990-pew-scholar-directory-2024.png?mw=940&hash=633735B13B8AA62EE59F475412C95D79 2x" media="(max-width: 29.375em )" /> <img src="/-/media/post-launch-images/2024/06/990-pew-scholar-directory-2024.png?la=en&h=990&w=990&hash=02D8D361F24E1CD360D0B05B5EAF1219" class="" alt="" /> </picture> </a> </figure> </section> <style type="text/css"> #rte-3f7f83b9-fafc-4a9f-8887-cd42b09a54bc.rich-text > :not(.rich-text__embed) { max-width: 650px !important; } </style> <div id="rte-3f7f83b9-fafc-4a9f-8887-cd42b09a54bc" class="js-selection-sharer rich-text rich-text--Left u-allow-page-break" data-component-ds-path="/sitecore/content/PewTrusts_org/Home/Projects/Pew Biomedical Scholars/Components/Rich Text/Body Text"> <p>The Pew Scholars Program in the Biomedical Sciences provides funding to young investigators of outstanding promise in science relevant to the advancement of human health. The program makes grants to selected academic institutions to support the independent research of outstanding individuals who are in their first few years of their appointment at the assistant professor level.</p> <p><span>For more information about the 2024 class <a href="/en/projects/pew-biomedical-scholars/directory-of-pew-scholars">visit the scholars directory</a>.</span></p> </div> <div class="dynamic-content-listing__header-container" id=""> <span class="dynamic-content-listing__header-wrapper"> <h3 class="dynamic-content-listing__header">Our Work</h3> </span> <div class="js-dynamic-items-search-facets" data-search-id="search-326ac9b6-e119-48f5-822e-52dbed7e898b"></div> </div> <div class="js-dynamic-items" data-search-id="search-326ac9b6-e119-48f5-822e-52dbed7e898b"></div> <script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script> // If configuring from Razor, please use a JSON string var config = {searchId:"search-326ac9b6-e119-48f5-822e-52dbed7e898b",pageId:"a9377c30-4040-4433-ab01-91cb3e33e90a",componentId:"5c1c2453-f9f3-4c6d-8cc7-72d89789a087",url:"/api/DynamicContent?pageGuid={a9377c30-4040-4433-ab01-91cb3e33e90a}&componentGuid={5c1c2453-f9f3-4c6d-8cc7-72d89789a087}",pagination:false,perPage:3,viewAllUrl:"",dictionary:{viewAllLabel:"View All",loadMoreLabel:"Load More",contentResultsLabel:"CONTENT",projectResultsLabel:"PROJECTS",peopleResultsLabel:"PEOPLE",facetsTitle:"Filter Your Results",selectAll:"Select All",deselectAll:"Deselect All",clearAll:"Clear All",filterPlaces:"Filter Places",continents:"Continents",oceans:"Oceans",countriesAndTerritories:"Countries and Territories",unitedStatesAndTerritories:"U.S. and Territories",filterBy:"Filter By"},displayDates:true,displayContentTypeFilter:true,displayTopicsFilter:true,displayTagsFilter:true,displayProjectsFilter:false,displayPlacesFilter:true}; window.PewSearchConfigs = window.PewSearchConfigs || []; window.PewSearchConfigs.push(config); // or JSON.parse(@config) </script> </div> </div> <div class="container__col container__col--30"> <div class="container__inner"> <div class="related-projects-tree" data-component="Related Projects Tree"> <div class="related-resources__title"> <span class="related-resources__title-text">RELATED PROJECTS</span> </div> <a href="/en/projects/biomedical-research" class="related-projects-tree__parent xdbpe" data-xdbpe="6BD6D129-6973-4DA2-8007-63F530F1E320">Biomedical Research</a> <a href="/en/projects/pew-biomedical-scholars" class="related-projects-tree__subitem xdbpe" data-xdbpe="6BD6D129-6973-4DA2-8007-63F530F1E320">Pew Biomedical Scholars</a> <a href="/en/projects/pew-latin-american-fellows" class="related-projects-tree__subitem xdbpe" data-xdbpe="6BD6D129-6973-4DA2-8007-63F530F1E320">Pew Latin American Fellows</a> <a href="/en/projects/pew-stewart-scholars-for-cancer-research" class="related-projects-tree__subitem xdbpe" data-xdbpe="6BD6D129-6973-4DA2-8007-63F530F1E320">Pew-Stewart Scholars for Cancer Research</a> </div> <div class="related-resources print-hidden"> <span class="related-resources__title"> <span class="related-resources__title-text">GENERAL INQUIRIES</span> </span> <div class="related-resources__content-wrapper" data-component="Related Resources"> <p class="related-resources__description"><p>For information or questions about the Pew Biomedical Scholars program, please contact <a href="scholarsapp@pewtrusts.org"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="4330202b2c2f223130223333033326343731363037306d2c3124">[email protected]</span></a></p></p> </div> </div> <div class="related-resources"> <span class="related-resources__title"> <span class="related-resources__title-text"> MEDIA CONTACT </span> </span> <div class="related-resources__content-wrapper" data-component="Media Contact"> <b class="related-resources__link related-resources__link--media">Erin Davis</b> <span class="related-resources__link related-resources__link--media"> Manager, Communications </span> <a class="related-resources__link related-resources__link--media xdbpe" data-xdbpe="DDAF8F02-6C8D-48E5-BB9B-D76F881FA4DE" href="tel: 202.540.6677">202.540.6677</a> <a class="related-resources__link related-resources__link--media js-obfuscate-email xdbpe" data-xdbpe="DDAF8F02-6C8D-48E5-BB9B-D76F881FA4DE" data-obfuscate-email="rqnivf@crjgehfgf.bet"> <svg class="related-resources__media-icon" viewBox="0 0 14 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="translate(-2 -4)" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><rect x="3" y="4.5" width="12" height="9" rx="1" /><path d="M9 9.75l3.75-3M5.25 6.75l3.75 3" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /></g></svg> </a> </div> </div> <div class="related-resources related-resources--taxonomy"> <span class="related-resources__title"> <span class="related-resources__title-text"> RELATED </span> </span> <div class="related-resources__content-wrapper" data-component="Related Taxonomy"> <div class="related-resources__taxonomy-row"> <b class="related-resources__taxonomy-label">Topics</b> <div class="related-resources__taxonomy-items"> <a href="/en/topics/biomedical-research" class="related-resources__comma-separated xdbpe" data-xdbpe="6BD6D129-6973-4DA2-8007-63F530F1E320">Biomedical Research</a> </div> </div> <div class="related-resources__taxonomy-row"> <b class="related-resources__taxonomy-label">Projects</b> <div class="related-resources__taxonomy-items"> <a href="/en/projects/pew-biomedical-scholars" class="related-resources__comma-separated xdbpe" data-xdbpe="6BD6D129-6973-4DA2-8007-63F530F1E320">Pew Biomedical Scholars</a> <a href="/en/projects/biomedical-research" class="related-resources__comma-separated xdbpe" data-xdbpe="6BD6D129-6973-4DA2-8007-63F530F1E320">Biomedical Research</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <footer class="global-footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="container container--bleed container--footer-top"> <div class="container__col"> <div class="container__inner"> <div class="site-logo"> <a href="/"> <svg version="1.1" id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" x="0" y="0" viewBox="0 0 1383 88" xml:space="preserve"> <path fill="#fff" d="M41.8 5.6H48c6.2 0 8.8 1.4 10.6 2.6 1.9 1.2 7.1 5.1 10.1 16.7h2V3.2H.6v21.7h2c3-11.6 8.2-15.5 10.1-16.7 1.9-1.2 4.4-2.6 10.6-2.6h6.2v77H16.9V85h37.5v-2.4H41.8v-77zM1098 5.6h6.2c6.2 0 8.8 1.4 10.6 2.6 1.9 1.2 7.1 5.1 10.1 16.7h2V3.2h-70.1v21.7h2c3-11.6 8.2-15.5 10.1-16.7 1.9-1.2 4.4-2.6 10.6-2.6h6.2v77h-12.6V85h37.5v-2.4H1098v-77zM135.2 49.8c0-11.8-8.4-15.7-17.4-15.7-13.8 0-18.4 10.4-19.2 11.7V2.1H79.3v2.4H88v78.1h-8.8V85h28.2v-2.4h-8.8V57.3c0-12.3 8.4-20.8 17.7-20.8 8.1 0 8.2 8.2 8.2 9.7v36.4h-8.8V85H144v-2.4h-8.8V49.8zM605.3 49.8c0-11.8-8.4-15.7-17.4-15.7-13.8 0-18.4 10.4-19.2 11.7V2.1h-19.4v2.4h8.8v78.1h-8.8V85h28.2v-2.4h-8.8V57.3c0-12.3 8.4-20.8 17.7-20.8 8.1 0 8.2 8.2 8.2 9.7v36.4h-8.8V85H614v-2.4h-8.8V49.8zM175.6 33.9c-15.5 0-26 13.9-26 26.6 0 16.5 12 26.2 26.7 26.2 13.8 0 18.1-9.1 19.5-13.5.1-.4.4-1.4.4-1.4l-2.5-.5-.4 1.3c-1.1 2.9-3.6 11.7-16.8 11.7-12.9 0-14.6-11.9-14.6-22.5 0-1.2.1-4.3.1-4.9h35c0-18.3-13.9-23-21.4-23zm-.4 2.5c11 0 9.7 11.3 9.4 18.1h-22.5c.7-8.2 2.5-18.1 13.1-18.1zM322.5 33.9c-15.5 0-26 13.9-26 26.6 0 16.5 12 26.2 26.7 26.2 13.8 0 18.1-9.1 19.5-13.5.1-.4.4-1.4.4-1.4l-2.5-.5-.4 1.3c-1.1 2.9-3.6 11.7-16.8 11.7-12.9 0-14.6-11.9-14.6-22.5 0-1.2.1-4.3.1-4.9H344c-.1-18.3-14-23-21.5-23zm-.5 2.5c11 0 9.7 11.3 9.4 18.1H309c.6-8.2 2.5-18.1 13-18.1zM1008 33.9c-15.5 0-26 13.9-26 26.6 0 16.5 12 26.2 26.7 26.2 13.8 0 18.1-9.1 19.5-13.5.1-.4.4-1.4.4-1.4l-2.5-.5-.4 1.3c-1.1 2.9-3.6 11.7-16.8 11.7-12.9 0-14.6-11.9-14.6-22.5 0-1.2.1-4.3.1-4.9h35.1c-.1-18.3-14-23-21.5-23zm-.4 2.5c11 0 9.7 11.3 9.4 18.1h-22.5c.6-8.2 2.5-18.1 13.1-18.1zM277.4 4.4c-3.6-1-7.5-1.2-12.1-1.2h-34.5v2.4h12.6v77h-12.6V85h37.5v-2.4h-12.6V46.8h8.8c4-.1 7.8-.6 11.4-1.5 4.4-1.1 20-6.2 20-20.5 0-14.1-13.8-19.2-18.5-20.4zm4.6 20.5c0 18.3-12.4 19.5-17.5 19.5h-8.8V5.6h8.2c8.9 0 18.1 1 18.1 19.3zM416 37.8h10.5l-13.6 33.7-13.5-36.1h-3.6l-15.3 36.4-12.2-34h9.2v-2.4h-28.2v2.4h7.8l17.7 49.1h2L393 48.2l14.5 38.7h2.1l19.6-49.1h6.2v-2.4H416zM506.9 84.2c-8.8 0-14.8-2.9-18.1-7.2-7.9-9.9-8-25.4-8-32.8 0-19.7 3.5-40.8 26.1-40.8 22.2 0 24.5 21.7 24.8 23.2h2V3h-2.3c-.6.8-1.3 2.4-4.8 2.4-4.8 0-8.8-4.4-18.7-4.4-23.4 0-41.1 20.2-41.1 43.2 0 23.4 18.1 42.4 40.3 42.4 10.8 0 16.5-4.1 21.1-4.1 3.1 0 3.8 1.2 4.8 2.4h2.3v-25h-2c-.4 1.3-2.7 12.5-7.4 17.2-1.9 1.9-6.1 7.1-19 7.1zM673.3 81.8c-.8.6-2.6 1.7-5 1.7-3.6 0-3.6-3.1-3.6-5.2V50.1c0-7.5-3.8-16.1-18.9-16.1-11.7 0-18.2 6-18.2 13.1 0 1.8 0 5.3 6 5.3 5.3 0 5.1-4.2 4.5-7.1-.6-2.7-2.3-8.9 7.9-8.9 5.7 0 8.3 2 8.3 11.3 0 2.2-.1 4-.5 5.3-1.2 4.2-4.6 5-11.6 7.4-7.1 2.4-18.1 3.4-18.1 14.9 0 2.5.3 11.5 15.1 11.5 12.4 0 14.3-7.2 15.1-8.3.7 2.5 1.8 4.5 3.3 5.9 1.7 1.6 4.5 2.5 8.2 2.5 5.2 0 7.8-2.2 8.8-2.9l.3-.3-1.4-1.9h-.2zM654.1 58v10.1c0 15.3-8.8 15.4-11.2 15.4-1.8 0-8 0-8-9.6 0-7.6 5.8-9.8 7.5-10.5 4-1.7 10.2-3.5 11.7-5.4zM866.7 81.8c-.8.6-2.6 1.7-5 1.7-3.6 0-3.6-3.1-3.6-5.2V50.1c0-7.5-3.8-16.1-18.9-16.1-11.7 0-18.2 6-18.2 13.1 0 1.5.3 2.8 1 3.8s2.3 1.6 5 1.6c1.5 0 2.7-.4 3.6-1.2 1.7-1.6 1.4-3.4.9-5.9-.5-2.7-2.3-8.9 7.9-8.9 5.7 0 8.3 2 8.3 11.3 0 2.2-.1 4-.5 5.3-1.2 4.2-4.6 5-11.6 7.4-7.1 2.4-18.1 3.4-18.1 14.9 0 2.5.3 11.5 15.1 11.5 12.4 0 14.3-7.2 15.1-8.3.7 2.5 1.8 4.5 3.3 5.9 1.7 1.6 4.5 2.5 8.2 2.5 5.2 0 7.8-2.2 8.8-2.9l.3-.3-1.4-1.9-.2-.1zM847.5 58v10.1c0 15.3-8.8 15.4-11.2 15.4-1.8 0-8 0-8-9.6 0-7.6 5.8-9.8 7.5-10.5 4-1.7 10.2-3.5 11.7-5.4zM717.4 34.1c-9.8 0-13.9 8.6-14.7 11.2v-10h-19.2v2.4h8.8v44.8h-8.8v2.4h29.3v-2.4h-9.9V57c0-12.7 7.2-19.7 11.4-19.7 2.4 0 3.6 1 3.6 3.2 0 3.8-1.5 3.6-1.5 6.6 0 3 3 3.6 5.4 3.6 5.1 0 6.1-3.3 6.1-6.7 0-5.9-4.3-9.9-10.5-9.9zM1162.3 34.1c-9.8 0-13.9 8.6-14.7 11.2v-10h-19.2v2.4h8.8v44.8h-8.8v2.4h29.3v-2.4h-9.9V57c0-12.7 7.2-19.7 11.4-19.7 2.4 0 3.6 1 3.6 3.2 0 3.8-1.5 3.6-1.5 6.6 0 3 3 3.6 5.4 3.6 5.1 0 6.1-3.3 6.1-6.7.1-5.9-4.2-9.9-10.5-9.9zM754.8 35.4h-19.4v2.4h8.8v44.9h-8.8v2.4h28.2v-2.4h-8.8zM804.9 75c-.4 2.4-2.7 9.2-9.1 9.2-6.5 0-6.4-7.5-6.4-9.6V37.8h16.2v-2.4h-16.2V19.8h-10.6v15.6H770v2.4h8.8v35.8c0 4.1.7 13.1 15.7 13.1 11.1 0 12.7-9.9 12.9-10.9l.1-.4-2.4-.9-.2.5zM1334.5 75c-.4 2.4-2.7 9.2-9.1 9.2-6.5 0-6.4-7.5-6.4-9.6V37.8h16.2v-2.4H1319V19.8h-10.6v15.6h-8.8v2.4h8.8v35.8c0 4.1.7 13.1 15.7 13.1 11.1 0 12.7-9.9 12.9-10.9l.1-.4-2.4-.9-.2.5zM911.3 33.9c-10.9 0-14.3 7.4-15.4 9.4V2.1h-19.4v2.4h8.8v78.1h-8.8V85h19.2v-8.6c.8 2.2 4.5 10.2 14.8 10.2 13.8 0 25.2-13 25.2-26.7.1-13.9-11.3-26-24.4-26zm12.3 24.7c0 3.9-.2 7.5-.3 10.7-.3 5.4-1.4 14.9-12.8 14.9-3.1 0-14.5.2-14.5-21.9 0-3 .1-6.4.4-10.3.6-10 5.7-15.7 14.6-15.7 11.3.1 12.6 10.8 12.6 22.3zM963.2 2.1h-19.4v2.5h8.7v78.1h-8.7v2.4h28.1v-2.4h-8.7zM1234.2 35.4h-19.3v2.4h8.7v26c0 11.8-8.1 20.4-14.8 20.4-3.1 0-9.3-.5-9.3-13.5V35.4h-19.4v2.4h8.8v31.9c0 6.1 1.5 10.2 4.2 12.6 4.1 3.5 8.6 4.4 13.5 4.4 12.3 0 16.3-10.7 17.2-12.1v10.5h19.2v-2.4h-8.8V35.4zM1277.9 56.3c-5.3-1.7-8.3-2.7-8.3-2.7-3.3-1-5.8-2.2-7.5-3.4-1.6-1.2-2.4-2.9-2.4-5.2 0-5.7 4.5-8.6 11.1-8.6 7.1 0 9.5 5.4 10.5 7.8.9 1.9 1.9 5.1 1.9 5.1h2V35.4h-1.9c-.1.2-.3.9-1.6.9-.8 0-1.4-.1-2-.4-3.2-1.3-5.1-2-8.9-2-10.5 0-16.8 7.5-16.8 15.5 0 9.6 5.9 12 8.6 13.2 1.3.6 11.9 4.2 11.9 4.2 1.9.7 3.6 1.6 5.1 2.7 1.4 1.1 2.1 3 2.1 5.8 0 3.2-.9 5.5-2.7 6.9-1.8 1.4-3.9 2.1-6.2 2.1-9.8 0-13.7-6.4-15.6-10.2-.9-1.8-2.1-5.8-2.1-5.8h-2v16.8h1.9c.5-.8.7-1.6 2.5-1.6 3.3 0 7.6 3.2 14.5 3.2 11.4 0 18.5-7.7 18.5-16.6-.1-8.7-7.5-12.2-12.6-13.8zM1369.6 56.3c-5.3-1.7-8.3-2.7-8.3-2.7-3.3-1-5.8-2.2-7.5-3.4-1.6-1.2-2.4-2.9-2.4-5.2 0-5.7 4.5-8.6 11.1-8.6 7.1 0 9.5 5.4 10.5 7.8.9 1.9 1.9 5.1 1.9 5.1h2V35.4h-1.9c-.1.2-.3.9-1.6.9-.8 0-1.4-.1-2-.4-3.2-1.3-5.1-2-8.9-2-10.5 0-16.8 7.5-16.8 15.5 0 9.6 5.9 12 8.6 13.2 1.3.6 11.9 4.2 11.9 4.2 1.9.7 3.6 1.6 5.1 2.7 1.4 1.1 2.1 3 2.1 5.8 0 3.2-.9 5.5-2.7 6.9-1.8 1.4-3.9 2.1-6.2 2.1-9.8 0-13.7-6.4-15.6-10.2-.9-1.8-2.1-5.8-2.1-5.8h-2v16.8h1.9c.5-.8.7-1.6 2.5-1.6 3.3 0 7.6 3.2 14.5 3.2 11.4 0 18.5-7.7 18.5-16.6-.1-8.7-7.5-12.2-12.6-13.8z"/> <circle fill="#fff" cx="748" cy="9.3" r="6.5"/> </svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container container-wide--100"> <div class="container__col"> <div class="container__inner"> <div class="global-footer__mid"> <div class="global-footer__about-wrap"> <div class="global-footer__about"> <span class="global-footer__title">ABOUT PEW</span> <p>Founded in 1948, The Pew Charitable Trusts uses data to make a difference. Pew addresses the challenges of a changing world by illuminating issues, creating common ground, and advancing ambitious projects that lead to tangible progress. </p> </div> <nav class="social-links" data-component="Social Follow"> <span class="global-footer__title">Follow Us</span> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/pewcharitabletrusts" class="xdbpe" aria-label="Facebook" target="_blank" title="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-xdbpe="6B4394DD-72AE-4D62-939B-45801AA8F0E7" ><svg class="connect__social-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/assets/Pew/img/svg-sprite.svg#facebook"> </use> </svg></a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/pewtrusts/" class="xdbpe" aria-label="Instagram" target="_blank" title="Instagram" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-xdbpe="6B4394DD-72AE-4D62-939B-45801AA8F0E7" ><svg class="connect__social-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/assets/Pew/img/svg-sprite.svg#instagram"> </use> </svg></a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/20974/" class="xdbpe" aria-label="LinkedIn" target="_blank" title="LinkedIn" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-xdbpe="6B4394DD-72AE-4D62-939B-45801AA8F0E7" ><svg class="connect__social-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/assets/Pew/img/svg-sprite.svg#linkedin"> </use> </svg></a> </li> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/pewtrusts" class="xdbpe" aria-label="Twitter" target="_blank" title="Follow us on twitter " rel="noopener noreferrer" data-xdbpe="6B4394DD-72AE-4D62-939B-45801AA8F0E7" ><svg class="connect__social-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/assets/Pew/img/svg-sprite.svg#twitter"> </use> </svg></a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/get-involved/rss-feeds" class="xdbpe" aria-label="RSS" title="RSS" data-xdbpe="6B4394DD-72AE-4D62-939B-45801AA8F0E7" ><svg class="connect__social-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/assets/Pew/img/svg-sprite.svg#rss"> </use> </svg></a> </li> <li> <a href="http://youtube.com/pew" class="xdbpe" aria-label="YouTube" target="_blank" title="YouTube" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-xdbpe="6B4394DD-72AE-4D62-939B-45801AA8F0E7" ><svg class="connect__social-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/assets/Pew/img/svg-sprite.svg#youtube"> </use> </svg></a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <nav class="footer-nav"> <div class="footer-nav__section has-1"> <span id="Explore-99b8054e-23e0-46a8-ad78-c2ae312c2307" class="global-footer__title"> Explore </span> <div class="footer-nav__col-wrapper"> <ul class="footer-nav__col" aria-labelledby="Explore-99b8054e-23e0-46a8-ad78-c2ae312c2307"> <li> <a href="/en/topics" class="footer-nav__link" >Topics</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/projects" class="footer-nav__link" >Projects</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/about/news-room" class="footer-nav__link" >News Room</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.pewresearch.org/" class="footer-nav__link" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" >Pew Research Center</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="footer-nav__section has-1"> <span class="global-footer__title" id="About-23ac7099-d33f-4911-af04-c33658d6bdae"> <a href="/en/about" >About</a> </span> <div class="footer-nav__col-wrapper"> <ul class="footer-nav__col" aria-labelledby="About-23ac7099-d33f-4911-af04-c33658d6bdae"> <li> <a href="/en/about/mission-and-values" class="footer-nav__link" >Mission & Values</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/about/how-we-work" class="footer-nav__link" >How We Work</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/about/contact-us" class="footer-nav__link" >Contact Us</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/about/careers" class="footer-nav__link" >Careers</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="global-footer--mobile-only"> <nav class="social-links" data-component="Social Follow"> <span class="global-footer__title">Follow Us</span> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/pewcharitabletrusts" class="xdbpe" aria-label="Facebook" target="_blank" title="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-xdbpe="6B4394DD-72AE-4D62-939B-45801AA8F0E7" ><svg class="connect__social-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/assets/Pew/img/svg-sprite.svg#facebook"> </use> </svg></a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/pewtrusts/" class="xdbpe" aria-label="Instagram" target="_blank" title="Instagram" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-xdbpe="6B4394DD-72AE-4D62-939B-45801AA8F0E7" ><svg class="connect__social-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/assets/Pew/img/svg-sprite.svg#instagram"> </use> </svg></a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/20974/" class="xdbpe" aria-label="LinkedIn" target="_blank" title="LinkedIn" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-xdbpe="6B4394DD-72AE-4D62-939B-45801AA8F0E7" ><svg class="connect__social-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/assets/Pew/img/svg-sprite.svg#linkedin"> </use> </svg></a> </li> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/pewtrusts" class="xdbpe" aria-label="Twitter" target="_blank" title="Follow us on twitter " rel="noopener noreferrer" data-xdbpe="6B4394DD-72AE-4D62-939B-45801AA8F0E7" ><svg class="connect__social-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/assets/Pew/img/svg-sprite.svg#twitter"> </use> </svg></a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/get-involved/rss-feeds" class="xdbpe" aria-label="RSS" title="RSS" data-xdbpe="6B4394DD-72AE-4D62-939B-45801AA8F0E7" ><svg class="connect__social-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/assets/Pew/img/svg-sprite.svg#rss"> </use> </svg></a> </li> <li> <a href="http://youtube.com/pew" class="xdbpe" aria-label="YouTube" target="_blank" title="YouTube" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-xdbpe="6B4394DD-72AE-4D62-939B-45801AA8F0E7" ><svg class="connect__social-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/assets/Pew/img/svg-sprite.svg#youtube"> </use> </svg></a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="newsletter-signup newsletter-signup--footer"> <span class="global-footer__title">SIGN UP FOR WEEKLY UPDATES</span> <form class="js-footer-newsletter-signup" name="etForm" novalidate="novalidate" method="post" action="" target="_blank" data-component="Configuration"> <p>Don't miss our latest facts, findings, and survey results in The Rundown</p> <div> <input type="hidden" class="js-newsletter-signup--mid" name="MID" value="1380145" /> <input type="hidden" class="js-newsletter-signup--landingguid" name="LandingGUID" value="5c591a8916642e73c98fbf985605527380161c2f84a4292c8d6e8760f7ba941b" /> <input type="hidden" class="js-newsletter-signup--baseUrl" name="formPostUrl" value="https://mc7c5nyrqmbp5-zz0gvwlxqtpw50.pub.sfmc-content.com/21xve31fctn?guid=" /> <div class="newsletter-signup__validation-error elqErrorMessage" name="elqErrorMessage">Please provide a valid email address</div> <input placeholder="Email address" class="newsletter-signup__email-input" name="emailAddress" id="emailAddress" type="email" /> <button data-xdbpe="F33298DE-AD63-4FB1-93AA-A6DA5FB863F3" type="submit" class="pct-btn pct-btn--primary u-color-pair newsletter-signup__submit-button xdbpe-newsletter" type="button">Submit</button> <span class="newsletter-signup__view-all-link"> <a href="https://cloud.pewtrusts.org/pewsignup" id="viewAllNewslettersLink" class="pct-btn pct-btn--link"> View All Newsletters <span class="icon icon--arrow-right"> <svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="image" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <path d="M2.667 8h12M10.32 3.654 14.668 8M10.32 12.346 14.668 8" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"/> </svg> </span> </a> </span> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="global-footer__bottom"> <span class="copyright__notice">Copyright 漏 2024 The Pew Charitable Trusts. All rights reserved.</span> <nav class="footer-links"> <span> <a href="/en/about/privacy-policy" class="global-footer__tertiary-link" >Privacy Policy</a> </span> <span> <a href="/en/about/cookie-policy" class="global-footer__tertiary-link" >Cookie Policy</a> </span> <span> <a href="/en/about/terms-and-conditions" class="global-footer__tertiary-link" >Terms & Conditions</a> </span> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer><script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script src="/assets/pew/js/libraries-generated.js?v=638665948799768231"></script><script src="/assets/pew/js/index-generated.js?v=638665948799768231"></script> </body></html>