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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Freemit_airtins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" 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Available in 105 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-105" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">105 leids</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblast_Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Oblast Nizhny Novgorod – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Oblast Nizhny Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizjni_Nowgorod-oblast" title="Nizjni Nowgorod-oblast – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Nizjni Nowgorod-oblast" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%81%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF" title="مقاطعة نيجني نوفغورود – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مقاطعة نيجني نوفغورود" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%89_%D9%86%D9%88%DA%A4%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF" title="نيجنى نوڤجورود – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نيجنى نوڤجورود" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93blast_de_Nizhni_N%C3%B3vgorod" title="Óblast de Nizhni Nóvgorod – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Óblast de Nizhni Nóvgorod" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijeqorod_vilay%C9%99ti" title="Nijeqorod vilayəti – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Nijeqorod vilayəti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%98%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="نیژنی نووقورود اوبلاستی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نیژنی نووقورود اوبلاستی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D0%B1%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D3%A9%D0%BB%D0%BA%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5" title="Түбәнге Новгород өлкәһе – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Түбәнге Новгород өлкәһе" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Ніжагародская вобласць – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ніжагародская вобласць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Ніжагародзкая вобласьць – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ніжагародзкая вобласьць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82" title="Нижегородска област – Bulgairien" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нижегородска област" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgairien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblast_Nijniy_Novgorod" title="Oblast Nijniy Novgorod – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Oblast Nijniy Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%BEnjenovgorodska_oblast" title="Nižnjenovgorodska oblast – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nižnjenovgorodska oblast" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BE" title="Доодо Новгородой можо – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Доодо Новгородой можо" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93blast_de_Nijni_N%C3%B3vgorod" title="Óblast de Nijni Nóvgorod – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Óblast de Nijni Nóvgorod" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod_Ci%C5%AD" title="Nizhny Novgorod Ciŭ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Nizhny Novgorod Ciŭ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Нижни Новгородан область – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Нижни Новгородан область" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizhegorodskaya_Oblast%27" title="Nizhegorodskaya Oblast' – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Nizhegorodskaya Oblast'" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijniy_Novgorod_vil%C3%A2yeti" title="Nijniy Novgorod vilâyeti – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Nijniy Novgorod vilâyeti" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%BEn%C4%9Bnovgorodsk%C3%A1_oblast" title="Nižněnovgorodská oblast – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nižněnovgorodská oblast" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%C3%A7%C4%95" title="Чулхула облаçĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Чулхула облаçĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblast_Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Oblast Nizhny Novgorod – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Oblast Nizhny Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nisjnij_Novgorod_oblast" title="Nisjnij Novgorod oblast – Dens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nisjnij Novgorod oblast" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblast_Nischni_Nowgorod" title="Oblast Nischni Nowgorod – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Oblast Nischni Nowgorod" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%8C%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9D%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BD%CE%B9_%CE%9D%CF%8C%CE%B2%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Όμπλαστ του Νίζνι Νόβγκοροντ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Όμπλαστ του Νίζνι Νόβγκοροντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast" title="Nizhny Novgorod Oblast – Inglis" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Nizhny Novgorod Oblast" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inglis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C4%B5nij-Novgoroda_provinco" title="Niĵnij-Novgoroda provinco – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Niĵnij-Novgoroda provinco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93blast_de_Nizhni_N%C3%B3vgorod" title="Óblast de Nizhni Nóvgorod – Spainish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Óblast de Nizhni Nóvgorod" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spainish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%BEni_Novgorodi_oblast" title="Nižni Novgorodi oblast – Eastlands" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nižni Novgorodi oblast" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Eastlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizhni_Novgorod_oblasta" title="Nizhni Novgorod oblasta – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nizhni Novgorod oblasta" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%98%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF" title="استان نیژنی نووگورود – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="استان نیژنی نووگورود" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%BEni_Novgorodin_alue" title="Nižni Novgorodin alue – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nižni Novgorodin alue" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblast_de_Nijni_Novgorod" title="Oblast de Nijni Novgorod – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Oblast de Nijni Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nischni_Nowgorod_(Prowins)" title="Nischni Nowgorod (Prowins) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Nischni Nowgorod (Prowins)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizjni_Novgorod_(oblast)" title="Nizjni Novgorod (oblast) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Nizjni Novgorod (oblast)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BAige_Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Cúige Nizhny Novgorod – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cúige Nizhny Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod-ch%C3%BB" title="Nizhny Novgorod-chû – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Nizhny Novgorod-chû" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%96%27%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%91%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%93_(%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%95%D7%96)" title="ניז'ני נובגורוד (מחוז) – Ebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ניז'ני נובגורוד (מחוז)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F" title="निज़्नी नॉवग्रोद ओब्लास्ट – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="निज़्नी नॉवग्रोद ओब्लास्ट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%BEnjenovgorodska_oblast" title="Nižnjenovgorodska oblast – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nižnjenovgorodska oblast" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblas%C4%87_Ni%C5%BEny_Nowgorod" title="Oblasć Nižny Nowgorod – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Oblasć Nižny Nowgorod" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyizsnyij_Novgorod-i_ter%C3%BClet" title="Nyizsnyij Novgorod-i terület – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nyizsnyij Novgorod-i terület" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%AB%D5%AA%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%86%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%A4%D5%AB_%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A6" title="Նիժնի Նովգորոդի մարզ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նիժնի Նովգորոդի մարզ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblast_Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Oblast Nizhny Novgorod – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Oblast Nizhny Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinco_Nijni_Novgorod" title="Provinco Nijni Novgorod – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Provinco Nijni Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%ADzhn%C3%ADj-Novgorodfylki" title="Nízhníj-Novgorodfylki – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Nízhníj-Novgorodfylki" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblast%27_di_Ni%C5%BEnij_Novgorod" title="Oblast' di Nižnij Novgorod – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Oblast' di Nižnij Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%82%B8%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8E%E3%83%B4%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AD%E3%83%89%E5%B7%9E" title="ニジニ・ノヴゴロド州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ニジニ・ノヴゴロド州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9F%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98-%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98" title="ნიჟნი-ნოვგოროდის ოლქი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნიჟნი-ნოვგოროდის ოლქი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijniy_Novgorod_w%C3%A1layat%C4%B1" title="Nijniy Novgorod wálayatı – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Nijniy Novgorod wálayatı" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%88%EC%A6%88%EB%8B%88%EB%85%B8%EB%B8%8C%EA%B3%A0%EB%A1%9C%EB%93%9C%EC%A3%BC" title="니즈니노브고로드주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="니즈니노브고로드주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D3%A7%D0%B2" title="Макарья лапӧв – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Макарья лапӧв" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%82" title="Макаръя обласьт – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Макаръя обласьт" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regio_Novogardiensis_Inferior" title="Regio Novogardiensis Inferior – Laitin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Regio Novogardiensis Inferior" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Laitin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblast_de_Nijni_Novgorod" title="Oblast de Nijni Novgorod – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Oblast de Nijni Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblast_de_Ni%C5%BEnyj_Novgorod" title="Oblast de Nižnyj Novgorod – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Oblast de Nižnyj Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDemutinio_Naugardo_sritis" title="Žemutinio Naugardo sritis – Lithuanie" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Žemutinio Naugardo sritis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanie" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%85i%C5%BE%C5%86ijnovgorodas_apgabals" title="Ņižņijnovgorodas apgabals – Letts" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ņižņijnovgorodas apgabals" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letts" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Алаошонь аймак – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Алаошонь аймак" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Угарман вел – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Угарман вел" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82" title="Нижегородска Област – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нижегородска Област" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" title="Доод Новгород муж – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Доод Новгород муж" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4" title="निज्नी नॉवगोरोद ओब्लास्त – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="निज्नी नॉवगोरोद ओब्लास्त" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Угарман область – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Угарман область" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilayah_Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Wilayah Nizhny Novgorod – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wilayah Nizhny Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Алоошонь ёнкс – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Алоошонь ёнкс" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%98%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="نیژنی نووگراد اوبلاست – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="نیژنی نووگراد اوبلاست" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblast_Nizjni_Novgorod" title="Oblast Nizjni Novgorod – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oblast Nizjni Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizjegorod_oblast" title="Nizjegorod oblast – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nizjegorod oblast" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizjnij_Novgorod_oblast" title="Nizjnij Novgorod oblast – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nizjnij Novgorod oblast" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93blast_de_Nizhni_N%C3%B2vgorod" title="Óblast de Nizhni Nòvgorod – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Óblast de Nizhni Nòvgorod" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%C3%A6%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%C3%A6%D1%81%D1%82" title="Дæллаг Новгороды облæст – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Дæллаг Новгороды облæст" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast" title="Nizhny Novgorod Oblast – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Nizhny Novgorod Oblast" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obw%C3%B3d_ni%C5%BCnonowogrodzki" title="Obwód niżnonowogrodzki – Polls" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Obwód niżnonowogrodzki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polls" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%98%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="نیژنی نووگورد اوبلاست – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نیژنی نووگورد اوبلاست" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%90%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%86%D9%88%DA%AB%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="نېزني نوګورود ولايت – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="نېزني نوګورود ولايت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblast_de_Nijni_Novgorod" title="Oblast de Nijni Novgorod – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Oblast de Nijni Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regiunea_Nijni_Novgorod" title="Regiunea Nijni Novgorod – Roumains" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Regiunea Nijni Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roumains" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Нижегородская область – Roushien" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нижегородская область" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Roushien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D1%83%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%BB%D0%B0" title="Алын Новгород уобалаһа – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Алын Новгород уобалаһа" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizjnij_Novgorod_oblast" title="Nizjnij Novgorod oblast – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Nizjnij Novgorod oblast" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%BEnjenovgorodska_oblast" title="Nižnjenovgorodska oblast – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nižnjenovgorodska oblast" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast" title="Nizhny Novgorod Oblast – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Nizhny Novgorod Oblast" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%BEnonovgorodsk%C3%A1_oblas%C5%A5" title="Nižnonovgorodská oblasť – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nižnonovgorodská oblasť" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%BEenovgorodska_oblast" title="Niženovgorodska oblast – Slovein" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Niženovgorodska oblast" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovein" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82" title="Нижегородска област – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нижегородска област" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizjnij_Novgorod_oblast" title="Nizjnij Novgorod oblast – Swaidish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nizjnij Novgorod oblast" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swaidish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizhniy_Novgorod_Oblast" title="Nizhniy Novgorod Oblast – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nizhniy Novgorod Oblast" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நீசுனி நோவ்கோரத் மாகாணம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நீசுனி நோவ்கோரத் மாகாணம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94" title="แคว้นนิจนีนอฟโกรอด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แคว้นนิจนีนอฟโกรอด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblast_ng_Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Oblast ng Nizhny Novgorod – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Oblast ng Nizhny Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijni_Novgorod_Oblast%C4%B1" title="Nijni Novgorod Oblastı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nijni Novgorod Oblastı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D0%B1%D3%99%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D3%A9%D0%BB%D0%BA%D3%99%D1%81%D0%B5" title="Түбән Новгород өлкәсе – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Түбән Новгород өлкәсе" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Нижний Новгород улос – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Нижний Новгород улос" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Нижньогородська область – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нижньогородська область" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%98%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="نیژنی نووگورود اوبلاست – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نیژنی نووگورود اوبلاست" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijniy_novgorod_viloyati" title="Nijniy novgorod viloyati – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Nijniy novgorod viloyati" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alalidnan_agj" title="Alalidnan agj – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Alalidnan agj" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod_(t%E1%BB%89nh)" title="Nizhny Novgorod (tỉnh) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nizhny Novgorod (tỉnh)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast" title="Nizhny Novgorod Oblast – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Nizhny Novgorod Oblast" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E8%AF%BA%E5%A4%AB%E5%93%A5%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7%E5%B7%9E" title="下诺夫哥罗德州 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="下诺夫哥罗德州" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9F%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98-%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98" title="ნიჟნი-ნოვგოროდიშ ოლქი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნიჟნი-ნოვგოროდიშ ოლქი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E8%AF%BA%E5%A4%AB%E5%93%A5%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7%E5%B7%9E" title="下诺夫哥罗德州 – Cheenese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="下诺夫哥罗德州" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cheenese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod_Chiu" title="Nizhny Novgorod Chiu – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Nizhny Novgorod Chiu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E8%AB%BE%E5%A4%AB%E5%93%A5%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%E5%B7%9E" title="下諾夫哥羅德州 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="下諾夫哥羅德州" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2246#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Eedit interleid airtins" class="wbc-editpage">Eedit airtins</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Banner o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast"><img alt="Banner o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg/115px-Flag_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="115" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg/173px-Flag_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg/230px-Flag_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1757" data-file-height="1173" /></a></span><div style="padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 0;">Banner</div></div><div style="display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of airms o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast"><img alt="Coat of airms o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Coat_of_arms_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg/70px-Coat_of_arms_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Coat_of_arms_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg/105px-Coat_of_arms_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Coat_of_arms_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="709" data-file-height="730" /></a></span><div style="padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 0;">Coat airms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nizhny_Novgorod_in_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Nizhny_Novgorod_in_Russia.svg/300px-Nizhny_Novgorod_in_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Nizhny_Novgorod_in_Russia.svg/450px-Nizhny_Novgorod_in_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Nizhny_Novgorod_in_Russia.svg/600px-Nizhny_Novgorod_in_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="637" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r840235">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&params=56_29_N_44_32_E_type:adm1st_region:RU"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°29′N</span> <span class="longitude">44°32′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.483°N 44.533°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.483; 44.533</span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r840235"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&params=56_29_N_44_32_E_type:adm1st_region:RU"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°29′N</span> <span class="longitude">44°32′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.483°N 44.533°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.483; 44.533</span></span></span></a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row">Kintra</th><td><a href="/wiki/Roushie" title="Roushie">Roushie</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Federal_destricts_o_Roushie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Federal destricts o Roushie (page disna exeest)">Federal destrict</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Volga_Federal_Destrict" title="Volga Federal Destrict">Volga</a><sup id="cite_ref-FederalDistrict_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FederalDistrict-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economic_regions_o_Roushie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economic regions o Roushie (page disna exeest)">Economic region</a></th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volga-Vyatka_economic_region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volga-Vyatka economic region (page disna exeest)">Volga-Vyatka</a><sup id="cite_ref-EconomicRegion_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EconomicRegion-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row">Established</th><td>5 December 1936</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row">Admeenistrative center</th><td><a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left">Govrenment<div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • Bodi</th><td class="agent"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Legislative_Assembly_o_Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Legislative Assembly o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (page disna exeest)">Legislative Assembly</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Govrenor_o_Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Govrenor o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (page disna exeest)">Governor</a></th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valery_Shantsev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valery Shantsev (page disna exeest)">Valery Shantsev</a><sup id="cite_ref-HeadName_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HeadName-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left">Area<div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"><sup id="cite_ref-Area_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Area-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • Total</th><td>76900 km<sup>2</sup> (29,700 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row">Area rank</th><td><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_o_Roushie#Leet" title="Federal subjects o Roushie">40t</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left">Population<div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2010 Census)<sup id="cite_ref-2010Census_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010Census-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • Total</th><td>3,310,597</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • Estimate <div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;">(2018)<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-d84f748bde80dac87e899490e943a9ac5d33eca8-v3_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-d84f748bde80dac87e899490e943a9ac5d33eca8-v3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td>3,234,752 (<span style="color:red;">−2.3%</span>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • Rank</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leet_o_federal_subjects_o_Roushie_bi_population&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leet o federal subjects o Roushie bi population (page disna exeest)">10t</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • Density</th><td>43/km<sup>2</sup> (110/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"></div></th><td>78.9%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rural_area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rural area (page disna exeest)">Rural</a><div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"></div></th><td>21.1%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTC%2B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTC+3 (page disna exeest)">UTC+3</a> (<a href="/wiki/Moscow_Time" title="Moscow Time">Moscow Time</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2246?uselang=sco#P421" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-vremeni_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vremeni-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_3166&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 3166 (page disna exeest)">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="nickname">RU-NIZ</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_o_Roushie" title="Vehicle registration plates o Roushie">License plates</a></th><td>52, 152</td></tr><tr class="52, 152"><th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=OKTMO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OKTMO (page disna exeest)">OKTMO</a> ID</th><td class="nickname">22000000</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row">Offeecial leids</th><td><a href="/wiki/Roushie_leid" title="Roushie leid">Roushie</a><sup id="cite_ref-Russian_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Russian-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row">Website</th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.government-nnov.ru/">http://www.government-nnov.ru/</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Nizhny Novgorod Oblast</b> (<a href="/wiki/Roushie_leid" title="Roushie leid">Roushie</a>: <span lang="ru">Нижегоро́дская о́бласть</span>, <i>Nizhegorodskaya oblast</i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_o_Roushie" title="Federal subjects o Roushie">federal subject</a> o <a href="/wiki/Roushie" title="Roushie">Roushie</a> (an <a href="/wiki/Oblast" title="Oblast">oblast</a>). Its <a href="/wiki/Admeenistrative_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Admeenistrative center">admeenistrative center</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Types_o_inhabitit_localities_in_Roushie" class="mw-redirect" title="Types o inhabitit localities in Roushie">ceety</a> o <a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a>. Population: 3,310,597 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Roushie_Census_(2010)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roushie Census (2010) (page disna exeest)">2010 Census</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-2010Census_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010Census-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The oblast is crossed bi the <a href="/wiki/Volga_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Volga River">Volga River</a>. Apairt frae Nizhny Novgorod's metropolitan aurie, the biggest ceety is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arzamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arzamas (page disna exeest)">Arzamas</a>. Near the toun o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarov (page disna exeest)">Sarov</a> thare is the lairgest an the maist famous convent in Roushie, established bi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seraphim_o_Sarov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seraphim o Sarov (page disna exeest)">Saunt Seraphim o Sarov</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serafimo-Diveevsky_Monastery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serafimo-Diveevsky Monastery (page disna exeest)">Diveevo convent</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Makaryev_Monastery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makaryev Monastery (page disna exeest)">Makaryev Monastery</a> opposite the toun o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyskovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lyskovo (page disna exeest)">Lyskovo</a> uisit tae be location o the lairgest fair in Eastren Europe. Ither historic touns include <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gorodets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gorodets (page disna exeest)">Gorodets</a> an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balakhna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balakhna (page disna exeest)">Balakhna</a>, locatit on the <a href="/wiki/Volga" title="Volga">Volga</a> tae the north frae <a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Eedit section: Geography" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Geography"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The oblast covers an aurie o 76,900 square kilometer (29,700 sq mi), which is approximately equal tae the entire aurie o the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Benelux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benelux (page disna exeest)">Benelux kintras</a>. Agricultural land occupees 41% o this aurie; forests, 48%, lakes an rivers, 2%; an ither lands, 9%. Nizhny Novgorod Oblast borders <a href="/wiki/Kostroma_Oblast" title="Kostroma Oblast">Kostroma Oblast</a> (N), <a href="/wiki/Kirov_Oblast" title="Kirov Oblast">Kirov Oblast</a> (NE), the <a href="/wiki/Mari_El_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Mari El Republic">Mari El Republic</a> (E), <a href="/wiki/Chuvashie" title="Chuvashie">Chuvashie</a> (E), the <a href="/wiki/Mordovie" title="Mordovie">Mordovie</a> (S), <a href="/wiki/Ryazan_Oblast" title="Ryazan Oblast">Ryazan Oblast</a> (SW), <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Oblast" title="Vladimir Oblast">Vladimir Oblast</a> (W), an <a href="/wiki/Ivanovo_Oblast" title="Ivanovo Oblast">Ivanovo Oblast</a> (NW). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natural_resources">Natural resources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Eedit section: Natural resources" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Natural resources"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nizhny Novgorod Oblast is no rich in naitural resoorces, which are, maistly, limitit tae commercial deposits o saund (includin titanium-zirconium sands), <a href="/wiki/Cley" title="Cley">cley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gypsum" title="Gypsum">gypsum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peat" title="Peat">peat</a>, mineral <a href="/wiki/Saut" title="Saut">saut</a>, an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timmer (page disna exeest)">timmer</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sichts">Sichts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Eedit section: Sichts" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Sichts"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast_map.png/220px-Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast_map.png/330px-Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast_map.png/440px-Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast_map.png 2x" data-file-width="731" data-file-height="790" /></a><figcaption>Cairt o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:E7141-Balakhna-Saviour-Church.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/E7141-Balakhna-Saviour-Church.jpg/220px-E7141-Balakhna-Saviour-Church.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/E7141-Balakhna-Saviour-Church.jpg/330px-E7141-Balakhna-Saviour-Church.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/E7141-Balakhna-Saviour-Church.jpg/440px-E7141-Balakhna-Saviour-Church.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Savior's Kirk, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balakhna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balakhna (page disna exeest)">Balakhna</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shukhov_Oka_Towers_1988_photo_by_Igor_Kazus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Shukhov_Oka_Towers_1988_photo_by_Igor_Kazus.jpg/220px-Shukhov_Oka_Towers_1988_photo_by_Igor_Kazus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Shukhov_Oka_Towers_1988_photo_by_Igor_Kazus.jpg/330px-Shukhov_Oka_Towers_1988_photo_by_Igor_Kazus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Shukhov_Oka_Towers_1988_photo_by_Igor_Kazus.jpg/440px-Shukhov_Oka_Towers_1988_photo_by_Igor_Kazus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2850" data-file-height="3256" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shukhov_touer_on_the_Oka_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shukhov touer on the Oka River (page disna exeest)">Shukhov touers</a> biggit in Nizhny Novgorod suburbs near Dzerzhinsk in 1927–1929</figcaption></figure> <p>The unique <a href="/wiki/Airchitect" class="mw-redirect" title="Airchitect">airchitectural</a> construction—the 128-meter (420 ft) <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a> lattice <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shukhov_touer_on_the_Oka_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shukhov touer on the Oka River (page disna exeest)">hyperboloid touer</a> biggit bi the Great Roushie ingineer an scientist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Shukhov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vladimir Shukhov (page disna exeest)">Vladimir Grigorievich Shukhov</a> in 1929—is locatit near the toun o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dzerzhinsk,_Roushie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dzerzhinsk, Roushie (page disna exeest)">Dzerzhinsk</a> on the left bank o the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oka_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oka River (page disna exeest)">Oka River</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Admeenistrative_diveesions">Admeenistrative diveesions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Eedit section: Admeenistrative diveesions" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Admeenistrative diveesions"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main airticle: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Admeenistrative_diveesions_o_Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Admeenistrative diveesions o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (page disna exeest)">Admeenistrative diveesions o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Eedit section: Demographics" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Demographics"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Population</b>: <span class="nowrap">3,310,597 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Roushie_Census_(2010)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roushie Census (2010) (page disna exeest)">2010 Census</a>)</span>;<sup id="cite_ref-2010Census_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010Census-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="nowrap">3,524,028 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Roushie_Census_(2002)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roushie Census (2002) (page disna exeest)">2002 Census</a>)</span>;<sup id="cite_ref-PopCensus_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PopCensus-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="nowrap">3,714,322 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Census_(1989)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soviet Census (1989) (page disna exeest)">1989 Census</a>)</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Census1989_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census1989-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Accordin tae the 2010 Census,<sup id="cite_ref-2010Census_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010Census-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ethnic <a href="/wiki/Roushies" title="Roushies">Roushies</a> at 3,109,661 made up 95.1% o the oblast's population. Ither ethnic groups includit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tatars&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tatars (page disna exeest)">Tatars</a> (44,103, or 1.4%), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mordvin_fowk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mordvin fowk (page disna exeest)">Mordva</a> (19,138, or 0.6%), <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainians</a> (17,657, or 0.5%), an various smawer groups, each accoontin for less nor 0.5% o the oblast's tot population. Additionally, 42,349 fowk wur registered frae admeenistrative databases, an coud no declare an ethnicity. It is estimatit that the proportion o ethnicities in this group is the same as that o the declared group.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Births (2008): 35,581 (10.6 per 1000)</li> <li>Daiths (2008): 61,140 (18.3 per 1000)</li></ul> <p>Births increased bi 7.7% an daiths decreased bi 1% in 2008 compared tae 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Accordin tae the Federal Migration Service, 20,450 foreign ceetizens wur registered in the oblast in 2006. The actual nummer o foreigners residin in the oblast as o 1 Juin 2006 wis estimatit tae be ower 22,000.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Eedit section: Economy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Economy"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The oblast ranks seivent in Roushie in industrial output, while the processin industry predominates in the local economy. Mair nor 650 industrial companies employ nearly 700,000 fowk, or 62% o the wirkforce involvit in material production. Industry generates 83% o the regional <a href="/wiki/GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP">GDP</a> an maks 89% o aw material expenditures. The leadin sectors are ingineerin an metalwirkin, follaed bi the chemical an petrochemical industries an the forestry, firthwirkin, an paper industries. The first three sectors accoont for aboot 75% o aw industrial production. </p><p>The oblast haes tradeetionally been attractive tae investors. In 2002, Moody's ratin agency confirmit a Caa1rating based on the region's lang-term foreign currency liabilities.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The region maintains tred relations wi mony kintras an haes an export surplus. The lairgest volume o exports goes tae <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belaroushie" title="Belaroushie">Belaroushie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swisserland" title="Swisserland">Swisserland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Fraunce" title="Fraunce">Fraunce</a>. Imports come mainly frae <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belaroushie" title="Belaroushie">Belaroushie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austrick" title="Austrick">Austrick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cheenae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheenae">Cheenae</a>, an the <a href="/wiki/Unitit_States" title="Unitit States">Unitit States</a>. </p><p>The stock mercat infrastructur is quite well developit in Nizhny Novgorod, an the exchange business is expandin. Companies an organisations registered in the region include 1153 jynt-stock companies, 63 investment institutions, 34 commercial banks, 35 insurance companies, 1 voucher investment fund, 1 investment fund, 17 nongovernmental pension funds, 2 associations o professional stock mercat dealers, an 3 exchynges (stock, currency, an agricultural). The oblast is notit for haein relatively heichlie developit mercat relations. The day, the region needs serious pairtners interestit in equitable, lang-term, mutually beneficial pairtnerships. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:C0258-Fedyakovo-Mega.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/C0258-Fedyakovo-Mega.jpg/220px-C0258-Fedyakovo-Mega.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/C0258-Fedyakovo-Mega.jpg/330px-C0258-Fedyakovo-Mega.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/C0258-Fedyakovo-Mega.jpg/440px-C0258-Fedyakovo-Mega.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>A shoppin centre in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fedyakovo,_Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fedyakovo, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (page disna exeest)">Fedyakovo</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Thare are 650+ industrial companies in the region <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.government.nnov.ru/?id=1463">[1]</a>, maist o them engagit in the follaein sectors: </p> <ul><li>Machine-buildin an ingineerin</li> <li>Chemical & petrochemical</li> <li>Fuel & energy</li> <li>Ferrous an non-ferrous metallurgy</li> <li>Construction materials</li> <li>Glass</li> <li>Firth an paper</li> <li>Cloth-makkin</li> <li>Fuid & fuid processin</li> <li>Medical & pharmaceuticals</li> <li>Printin & publishin.</li></ul> <p>Thir key industries are supplementit bi ither sectors o the economy sic as agricultur, tred, services, communications an transport. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Eedit section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media relatit tae <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Nizhny Novgorod Oblast">Nizhny Novgorod Oblast</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FederalDistrict-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FederalDistrict_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="ru" title="Roushie leid text">Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No. 20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г.</span> (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 <i>On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District</i>. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EconomicRegion-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EconomicRegion_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="ru" title="Roushie leid text">Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР.</span> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosstandart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gosstandart (page disna exeest)">Gosstandart</a> of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 <i>Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions</i>, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HeadName-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-HeadName_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Offeecial wabsteid o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.government-nnov.ru/?id=3000">Valery Pavlinovich Shantsev, Governor of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121017053000/http://www.government-nnov.ru/?id=3000">Archived</a> 2012-10-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Area-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Area_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFФедеральная_служба_государственной_статистики_(Federal_State_Statistics_Service)2004" class="citation web cs1">Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (21 Mey 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://perepis2002.ru/ct/html/TOM_01_03.htm">"Территория, число районов, населённых пунктов и сельских администраций по субъектам Российской Федерации (<i>Territory, Number of Districts, Inhabited Localities, and Rural Administration by Federal Subjects of the Russian Federation</i>)"</a>. <i>Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002)</i> (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+2002+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%28All-Russia+Population+Census+of+2002%29&rft.atitle=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%2C+%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%28Territory%2C+Number+of+Districts%2C+Inhabited+Localities%2C+and+Rural+Administration+by+Federal+Subjects+of+the+Russian+Federation%29&rft.date=2004-05-21&rft.au=%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%28Federal+State+Statistics+Service%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fperepis2002.ru%2Fct%2Fhtml%2FTOM_01_03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ANizhny+Novgorod+Oblast" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unrecognised_leid" title="Category:CS1 maint: unrecognised leid">link</a>)</span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r809032">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2010Census-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-2010Census_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010Census_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010Census_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010Census_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRoushie_Federal_State_Stateestics_Service2011" class="citation web cs1">Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/perepis_itogi1612.htm">"Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1"</a> [2010 Aw-Roushie Population Census, vol. 1]. <i>Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 Aw-Roushie Population Census]</i> (in Roushie). <a href="/wiki/Roushie_Federal_State_Stateestics_Service" title="Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service">Federal State Stateestics Service</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+2010+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%5B2010+Aw-Roushie+Population+Census%5D&rft.atitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+2010+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0.+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC+1&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Roushie+Federal+State+Stateestics+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Ffree_doc%2Fnew_site%2Fperepis2010%2Fcroc%2Fperepis_itogi1612.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ANizhny+Novgorod+Oblast" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: ref=harv (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_ref%3Dharv" title="Category:CS1 maint: ref=harv">link</a>) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unrecognised_leid" title="Category:CS1 maint: unrecognised leid">link</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-d84f748bde80dac87e899490e943a9ac5d33eca8-v3-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-d84f748bde80dac87e899490e943a9ac5d33eca8-v3_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2018/bul_dr/mun_obr2018.rar">"26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года"</a>. Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 Januar</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=26.+%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BC+%D0%BD%D0%B0+1+%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F+2018+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft.pub=Roushie+Federal+State+Stateestics+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Ffree_doc%2Fdoc_2018%2Fbul_dr%2Fmun_obr2018.rar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ANizhny+Novgorod+Oblast" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vremeni-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-vremeni_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&prevDoc=102483854&backlink=1&&nd=102148085">"Об исчислении времени"</a>. <i>Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации</i> (in Russian). 3 Juin 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 Januar</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%9E%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.atitle=%D0%9E%D0%B1+%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8&rft.date=2011-06-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpravo.gov.ru%2Fproxy%2Fips%2F%3Fdocbody%3D%26prevDoc%3D102483854%26backlink%3D1%26%26nd%3D102148085&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ANizhny+Novgorod+Oblast" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unrecognised_leid" title="Category:CS1 maint: unrecognised leid">link</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Russian-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Russian_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Offeecial ootthrou the Roushie Federation accordin tae Airticle 68.1 o the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_o_Roushie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution o Roushie (page disna exeest)">Constitution o Roushie</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PopCensus-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PopCensus_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRoushie_Federal_State_Stateestics_Service2004" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roushie_Federal_State_Stateestics_Service" title="Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service">Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service</a> (21 Mey 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls">"Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек"</a> [Population o Roushie, Its Federal Destricts, Federal Subjects, Destricts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Admeenistrative Centres, an Rural Localities wi Population o Ower 3,000] <span class="cs1-format">(XLS)</span>. <i>Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [Aw-Roushie Population Census o 2002]</i> (in Roushie).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+2002+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%5BAw-Roushie+Population+Census+o+2002%5D&rft.atitle=%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8%2C+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B2+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5+%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%2C+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%E2%80%93+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D1%81+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BC+3+%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%87%D0%B8+%D0%B8+%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5+%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA&rft.date=2004-05-21&rft.au=Roushie+Federal+State+Stateestics+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perepis2002.ru%2Fct%2Fdoc%2F1_TOM_01_04.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ANizhny+Novgorod+Oblast" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: ref=harv (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_ref%3Dharv" title="Category:CS1 maint: ref=harv">link</a>) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unrecognised_leid" title="Category:CS1 maint: unrecognised leid">link</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census1989-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Census1989_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php">"Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров"</a> [Aw Union Population Census o 1989: Present Population o Union an Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts an Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Destricts, Urban Settlements, an Veelages Servin as Destrict Admeenistrative Centres]. <i>Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [Aw-Union Population Census o 1989]</i> (in Roushie). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute o Demografie at the Naitional Resairch Varsity: Heicher Schuil o Economics]. 1989 – via <i>Demoscope Weekly</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+1989+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%5BAw-Union+Population+Census+o+1989%5D&rft.atitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+1989+%D0%B3.+%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%B8+%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%2C+%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%91%D0%B2%2C+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%2C+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B8+%D1%81%D1%91%D0%BB-%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2&rft.date=1989&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdemoscope.ru%2Fweekly%2Fssp%2Frus89_reg.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ANizhny+Novgorod+Oblast" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: ref=harv (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_ref%3Dharv" title="Category:CS1 maint: ref=harv">link</a>) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unrecognised_leid" title="Category:CS1 maint: unrecognised leid">link</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225111852/http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/perepis_itogi1612.htm">"Archived copy"</a>. Archived frae <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perepis-2010.ru/news/detail.php?ID=6936">the original</a> on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 Januar</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perepis-2010.ru%2Fnews%2Fdetail.php%3FID%3D6936&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ANizhny+Novgorod+Oblast" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://nizhstat.gks.ru/digital/region1/2007/oper_demogr_12_08.htm">http://nizhstat.gks.ru/digital/region1/2007/oper_demogr_12_08.htm</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" since January 2021" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Link_rot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Link rot (page disna exeest)">deid airtin</a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kurs-n.nnov.ru/30.06.2006/rakurs-1.html">Дарья ВЛАДИМИРОВА, "Стройки под особым контролем"</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" since January 2021" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Link_rot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Link rot (page disna exeest)">deid airtin</a></i>]</span></sup>, Rakurs, 30 June 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://russiatrek.org/r_nnovgorod.shtml">http://russiatrek.org/r_nnovgorod.shtml</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Freemit_airtins">Freemit airtins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Eedit section: Freemit airtins" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Freemit airtins"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nizhnynovgorod.com/">Nizhny Novgorod Ceety Guide</a> Traivel an business guide tae Nizhny Novgorod <span class="languageicon">(in Inglis)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style 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class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Federal_subjects"><b><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_o_Roushie" title="Federal subjects o Roushie">Federal subjects</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Republics_o_Roushie" title="Republics o Roushie">Republics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adygea" title="Adygea">Adygea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altai_Republic" title="Altai Republic">Altai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashkortostan" title="Bashkortostan">Bashkortostan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buryatie" title="Buryatie">Buryatie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechnya" class="mw-redirect" title="Chechnya">Chechnya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuvashie" title="Chuvashie">Chuvashie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_o_Crimea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Republic o Crimea (page disna exeest)">Crimea</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan">Dagestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingushetie" title="Ingushetie">Ingushetie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkarie" title="Kabardino-Balkarie">Kabardino-Balkarie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmykie" title="Kalmykie">Kalmykie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karachay-Cherkessie" title="Karachay-Cherkessie">Karachay-Cherkessie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_o_Karelie" title="Republic o Karelie">Karelie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khakassie" title="Khakassie">Khakassie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komi_Republic" title="Komi Republic">Komi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El">Mari El</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordovie" title="Mordovie">Mordovie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ossetie-Alanie" title="North Ossetie-Alanie">North Ossetie-Alanie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakha_Republic" title="Sakha Republic">Sakha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatarstan" title="Tatarstan">Tatarstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuva" title="Tuva">Tuva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udmurtie" title="Udmurtie">Udmurtie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Krais_o_Roushie" title="Krais o Roushie">Krais</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altai_Krai" title="Altai Krai">Altai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamchatka_Krai" title="Kamchatka Krai">Kamchatka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khabarovsk_Krai" title="Khabarovsk Krai">Khabarovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnodar_Krai" title="Krasnodar Krai">Krasnodar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnoyarsk_Krai" title="Krasnoyarsk Krai">Krasnoyarsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perm_Krai" title="Perm Krai">Perm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primorsky_Krai" title="Primorsky Krai">Primorsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stavropol_Krai" title="Stavropol Krai">Stavropol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zabaykalsky_Krai" title="Zabaykalsky Krai">Zabaykalsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Oblasts_o_Roushie" title="Oblasts o Roushie">Oblasts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amur_Oblast" title="Amur Oblast">Amur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk_Oblast" title="Arkhangelsk Oblast">Arkhangelsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan_Oblast" title="Astrakhan Oblast">Astrakhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgorod_Oblast" title="Belgorod Oblast">Belgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryansk_Oblast" title="Bryansk Oblast">Bryansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelyabinsk_Oblast" title="Chelyabinsk Oblast">Chelyabinsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irkutsk_Oblast" title="Irkutsk Oblast">Irkutsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivanovo_Oblast" title="Ivanovo Oblast">Ivanovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad_Oblast" title="Kaliningrad Oblast">Kaliningrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaluga_Oblast" title="Kaluga Oblast">Kaluga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemerovo_Oblast" title="Kemerovo Oblast">Kemerovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirov_Oblast" title="Kirov Oblast">Kirov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostroma_Oblast" title="Kostroma Oblast">Kostroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurgan_Oblast" title="Kurgan Oblast">Kurgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kursk_Oblast" title="Kursk Oblast">Kursk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Oblast" title="Leningrad Oblast">Leningrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipetsk_Oblast" title="Lipetsk Oblast">Lipetsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magadan_Oblast" title="Magadan Oblast">Magadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Oblast" title="Moscow Oblast">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murmansk_Oblast" title="Murmansk Oblast">Murmansk</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nizhny Novgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novgorod_Oblast" title="Novgorod Oblast">Novgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novosibirsk_Oblast" title="Novosibirsk Oblast">Novosibirsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omsk_Oblast" title="Omsk Oblast">Omsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orenburg_Oblast" title="Orenburg Oblast">Orenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oryol_Oblast" title="Oryol Oblast">Oryol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penza_Oblast" title="Penza Oblast">Penza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pskov_Oblast" title="Pskov Oblast">Pskov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rostov_Oblast" title="Rostov Oblast">Rostov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryazan_Oblast" title="Ryazan Oblast">Ryazan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhalin_Oblast" title="Sakhalin Oblast">Sakhalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samara_Oblast" title="Samara Oblast">Samara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saratov_Oblast" title="Saratov Oblast">Saratov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smolensk_Oblast" title="Smolensk Oblast">Smolensk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sverdlovsk_Oblast" title="Sverdlovsk Oblast">Sverdlovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambov_Oblast" title="Tambov Oblast">Tambov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomsk_Oblast" title="Tomsk Oblast">Tomsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tula_Oblast" title="Tula Oblast">Tula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tver_Oblast" title="Tver Oblast">Tver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyumen_Oblast" title="Tyumen Oblast">Tyumen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulyanovsk_Oblast" title="Ulyanovsk Oblast">Ulyanovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Oblast" title="Vladimir Oblast">Vladimir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volgograd_Oblast" title="Volgograd Oblast">Volgograd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vologda_Oblast" title="Vologda Oblast">Vologda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voronezh_Oblast" title="Voronezh Oblast">Voronezh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaroslavl_Oblast" title="Yaroslavl Oblast">Yaroslavl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_ceeties_o_Roushie" title="Federal ceeties o Roushie">Federal ceeties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saunt_Petersburg" title="Saunt Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_oblasts_o_Roushie" title="Autonomous oblasts o Roushie">Autonomous oblast</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Autonomous_Oblast" title="Jewish Autonomous Oblast">Jewish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_o_Roushie" title="Autonomous okrugs o Roushie">Autonomous okrugs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chukotka_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Chukotka Autonomous Okrug">Chukotka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanty-Mansi_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug">Khanty-Mansi</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Nenets Autonomous Okrug">Nenets</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamalo-Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug">Yamalo-Nenets</a><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup>Claimed bi <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> an conseedert bi maist o the internaitional community tae be pairt o Ukraine</li> <li><sup>2</sup>Admeenistratively subordinatit tae <a href="/wiki/Tyumen_Oblast" title="Tyumen Oblast">Tyumen Oblast</a></li> <li><sup>3</sup>Admeenistratively subordinatit tae <a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk_Oblast" title="Arkhangelsk Oblast">Arkhangelsk Oblast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Internal_addeetional_non-constitutional_diveesions_bi_different_institutions"><b>Internal addeetional non-constitutional diveesions bi different institutions</b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economic_regions_o_Roushie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economic regions o Roushie (page disna exeest)">Economic regions</a> (bi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meenistry_o_Economic_Development_(Roushie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meenistry o Economic Development (Roushie) (page disna exeest)">Meenistry o Economic Development</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Militar_destricts_o_Roushie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Militar destricts o Roushie (page disna exeest)">Militar destricts</a> (bi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meenistry_o_Defence_(Roushie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meenistry o Defence (Roushie) (page disna exeest)">Meenistry o Defence</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Federal_destricts_o_Roushie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Federal destricts o Roushie (page disna exeest)">Federal destricts</a> (bi <a href="/wiki/Preses_o_Roushie" title="Preses o Roushie">Preses</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbitration_Coorts_o_Appeal_o_Roushie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arbitration Coorts o Appeal o Roushie (page disna exeest)">Judicial destricts</a> (bi law "On arbitration coorts")</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Taen frae "<a dir="ltr" href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&oldid=842292">https://sco.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast&oldid=842292</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categeries</a>: <ul><li><a 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