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class="mw-page-title-main">Peter Trudgill</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Trudgill" title="Peter Trudgill – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Peter Trudgill" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%84" title="پیتر ترادگیل – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیتر ترادگیل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Trudgill" title="Peter Trudgill – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Peter Trudgill" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Trudgill" title="Peter Trudgill – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Peter Trudgill" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%BC%ED%84%B0_%ED%8A%B8%EB%A3%A8%EC%A7%88" title="피터 트루질 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="피터 트루질" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84" title="بيتر ترودجيل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيتر ترودجيل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">English sociolinguist (born 1943)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Peter+Trudgill%22">"Peter Trudgill"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Peter+Trudgill%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Peter+Trudgill%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Peter+Trudgill%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Peter+Trudgill%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Peter+Trudgill%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2011</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Peter Trudgill</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1943-11-07</span>) </span>November 7, 1943<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 81)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">Norwich</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic background</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data">City of Norwich School</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College,_Cambridge" title="King's College, Cambridge">King's College, Cambridge</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">University of Edinburgh</a></li></ul></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic work</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discipline</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sociolinguistics" title="Sociolinguistics">sociolinguistics</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Essex" title="University of Essex">University of Essex</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Reading" title="University of Reading">University of Reading</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lausanne" title="University of Lausanne">University of Lausanne</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Fribourg" title="University of Fribourg">University of Fribourg</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Peter Trudgill</b>, <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_British_Academy" title="Fellow of the British Academy">FBA</a></span></span> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ʌ/: 'u' in 'cut'">ʌ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">TRUD</span>-gil</i></a>; born 7 November 1943) is an English <a href="/wiki/Sociolinguistics" title="Sociolinguistics">sociolinguist</a>, academic and author. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Trudgill&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Trudgill was born in <a href="/wiki/Norwich" title="Norwich">Norwich</a>, England, and grew up in the area of <a href="/wiki/Thorpe_St_Andrew" title="Thorpe St Andrew">Thorpe St Andrew</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He attended the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Norwich_School" title="City of Norwich School">City of Norwich School</a> from 1955. Trudgill studied <a href="/wiki/Modern_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern languages">modern languages</a> at <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College,_Cambridge" title="King's College, Cambridge">King's College, Cambridge</a> and obtained a PhD<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">University of Edinburgh</a> in 1971. </p><p>Before becoming professor of <a href="/wiki/Sociolinguistics" title="Sociolinguistics">sociolinguistics</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Essex" title="University of Essex">University of Essex</a> he taught in the Department of Linguistic Science at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Reading" title="University of Reading">University of Reading</a> from 1970 to 1986. He was professor of English language and <a href="/wiki/Linguistics" title="Linguistics">linguistics</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Lausanne" title="University of Lausanne">University of Lausanne</a>, Switzerland, from 1993 to 1998, and then at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Fribourg" title="University of Fribourg">University of Fribourg</a>, also in Switzerland, from which he retired in September 2005, and where he is now professor emeritus of English Linguistics. </p><p>He is an honorary Professor of Sociolinguistics at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_East_Anglia" title="University of East Anglia">University of East Anglia</a>, in Norwich, England. On 2 June 1995 he received an <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree">honorary doctorate</a> from the Faculty of Humanities at <a href="/wiki/Uppsala_University" title="Uppsala University">Uppsala University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also has honorary doctorates from <a href="/wiki/University_of_East_Anglia" title="University of East Anglia">UEA</a>; La Trobe University, Melbourne; the University of Patras, Greece; and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver. </p><p>He has carried out linguistic fieldwork in <a href="/wiki/UK" class="mw-redirect" title="UK">Britain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>, and has lectured in most <a href="/wiki/European_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="European countries">European countries</a>, Canada, the United States, <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a>, Australia, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>, Hong Kong, <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a> and Japan. Peter Trudgill has been the president of the Friends of <a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Norfolk Dialect">Norfolk Dialect</a> society since its inception in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and contributes a regular column on language and languages in Europe to the New European newspaper. </p><p>Trudgill is one of the first to apply <a href="/wiki/William_Labov" title="William Labov">Labovian</a> <a href="/wiki/Sociolinguistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Sociolinguistic">sociolinguistic</a> methodology in the UK,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to provide a framework for studying dialect contact phenomena.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He has carried out studies on <a href="/wiki/Rhoticity_in_English" title="Rhoticity in English">rhoticity in English</a>, tracking trends in British rock music for decades; the Beatles' decreased pronunciation of Rs over the course of the 1960s<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a member of the committee for England and Wales for the <a href="/wiki/Atlas_Linguarum_Europae" title="Atlas Linguarum Europae">Atlas Linguarum Europae</a> in the 1970s, doing some research on the East Anglian sites.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Trudgill is also the author of Chapter 1 ("The Meanings of Words Should Not be Allowed to Vary or Change") of the popular linguistics book "Language Myths" that he co-edited. </p><p>He is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Academy_of_Science_and_Letters" title="Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters">Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a Fellow of the British Academy. </p><p>Since February 2017, Trudgill has written weekly columns relating to European languages in the weekly newspaper <a href="/wiki/The_New_European" title="The New European">The New European</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the end of 2017, he signed the <a href="/wiki/Declaration_on_the_Common_Language" title="Declaration on the Common Language">Declaration on the Common Language</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Croats" title="Croats">Croats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serbs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosniaks" title="Bosniaks">Bosniaks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Montenegrins" title="Montenegrins">Montenegrins</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Trudgill&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>His works include: </p> <ul><li>1974 <i>The Social Differentiation of English in Norwich</i> (based on his PhD thesis)</li> <li>1974 <i>Sociolinguistics: An Introduction to Language and Society</i></li> <li>1976 <i>Introduction to Sociolinguistics</i></li> <li>1975 <i>Accent, Dialect and the School</i></li> <li>1979 <i>English Accents and Dialects</i> (with Arthur Hughes)</li> <li>1980 <i>Dialectology</i> (with J. K. Chambers)</li> <li>1982 <i>International English</i> (with Jean Hannah)</li> <li>1982 <i>Coping With America</i> (Blackwell, 2nd edition, 1986)</li> <li>1983 <i>On Dialect: Social and Geographical Perspectives</i></li> <li>1984 <i>Language in the British Isles</i></li> <li>1984 <i>Applied Sociolinguistics</i></li> <li>1986 <i>Dialects in Contact</i></li> <li>1990 <i>The Dialects of England</i></li> <li>1990 <i>Bad Language</i> (with Lars Andersson)</li> <li>1992 <i>Introducing Language and Society</i></li> <li>1998 <i>Language Myths</i> (with Laurie Bauer)</li> <li>2001 <i>Alternative Histories of English</i> (with Richard J. Watts)</li> <li>2002 <i>Sociolinguistic Variation and Change</i></li> <li>2003 <i>A Glossary of Sociolinguistics</i></li> <li>2003 <i>Norfolk Origins 7: The Norfolk Dialect</i></li> <li>2004 <i>New-Dialect Formation: The Inevitability of Colonial Englishes</i></li> <li>2004 <i>New Zealand English: Its Origins and Evolution</i> (with et al. Elizabeth Gordon, Lyle Campbell, Margaret Maclagan, Andrea Sudbury, <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Hay" title="Jennifer Hay">Jennifer Hay</a>)</li> <li>2008 <i>In Sfakia: passing time in the wilds of Crete</i></li> <li>2010 <i>The Lesser-Known Varieties of English: An Introduction</i> (with Daniel Schreier, Edgar W. Schneider)</li> <li>2011 <i>Sociolinguistic Typology: Social Determinants of Linguistic Complexity</i> Oxford University Press</li> <li>2016 <i>Dialect matters: respecting vernacular language.</i> Cambridge University Press</li> <li>2018 <i>Norwegian as a normal language and other studies in Scandinavian linguistics.</i> Novus: Oslo</li> <li>2023 <i>The Long Journey of English: A Geographical History of the Language.</i> Cambridge University Press</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Trudgill&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uea.ac.uk/lcs/research/research-groups/talking-norwich">"Talking Norwich"</a>. University of East Anglia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Talking+Norwich&rft.pub=University+of+East+Anglia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uea.ac.uk%2Flcs%2Fresearch%2Fresearch-groups%2Ftalking-norwich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Trudgill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrudgill" class="citation web cs1">Trudgill, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.era.lib.ed.ac.uk/handle/1842/16333">"Social differentiation of English in Norwich"</a>. <i>Edinburgh Research Explorer</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Edinburgh+Research+Explorer&rft.atitle=Social+differentiation+of+English+in+Norwich&rft.aulast=Trudgill&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.era.lib.ed.ac.uk%2Fhandle%2F1842%2F16333&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Trudgill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uu.se/en/about-uu/traditions/prizes/honorary-doctorates/">"Honorary doctorates – Uppsala University, Sweden"</a>. <i>Uu.se</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Uu.se&rft.atitle=Honorary+doctorates+%E2%80%93+Uppsala+University%2C+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uu.se%2Fen%2Fabout-uu%2Ftraditions%2Fprizes%2Fhonorary-doctorates%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Trudgill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScheer2019" class="citation web cs1">Scheer, Victoria (26 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dissexpress.co.uk/news/longer-read-will-the-norfolk-dialect-survive-in-years-to-come-9074519/">"LONGER READ: Will the Norfolk dialect survive in years to come?"</a>. <i>Diss Express</i>. Cambridge: Iliffe Media Ltd<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Diss+Express&rft.atitle=LONGER+READ%3A+Will+the+Norfolk+dialect+survive+in+years+to+come%3F&rft.date=2019-06-26&rft.aulast=Scheer&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dissexpress.co.uk%2Fnews%2Flonger-read-will-the-norfolk-dialect-survive-in-years-to-come-9074519%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Trudgill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrudgill1974" class="citation book cs1">Trudgill, Peter (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/866011"><i>The social differentiation of English in Norwich</i></a>. Cambridge [England]: University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-20264-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-20264-7"><bdi>0-521-20264-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/866011">866011</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+social+differentiation+of+English+in+Norwich.&rft.place=Cambridge+%5BEngland%5D&rft.pub=University+Press&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F866011&rft.isbn=0-521-20264-7&rft.aulast=Trudgill&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F866011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Trudgill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHanley2016" class="citation web cs1">Hanley, Lynsey (16 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/may/16/schools-regional-accents-teachers-middle-class">"Why are schools trying to wipe out regional accents?"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2021</span>. <q>sociolinguist Peter Trudgill noted as long ago as the 1970s that language use had begun to change, and to some extent to level out, in smaller towns due to the undue influence of larger, more culturally dominant cities... The urge to devalue regional accents is part of a deliberate process.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Why+are+schools+trying+to+wipe+out+regional+accents%3F&rft.date=2016-05-16&rft.aulast=Hanley&rft.aufirst=Lynsey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fcommentisfree%2F2016%2Fmay%2F16%2Fschools-regional-accents-teachers-middle-class&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Trudgill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrudgill2006" class="citation book cs1">Trudgill, Peter (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/255822483"><i>Dialects in contact</i></a>. Oxford: Blackwell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-631-21942-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-631-21942-0"><bdi>0-631-21942-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/255822483">255822483</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dialects+in+contact&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F255822483&rft.isbn=0-631-21942-0&rft.aulast=Trudgill&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F255822483&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Trudgill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHillard2010" class="citation web cs1">Hillard, Nat (13 February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cherwell.org/2010/02/13/dance-wiv-me-accent-and-identity-in-dizzee-rascal/">"Dance Wiv Me: Accent and Identity in Dizzee Rascal"</a>. <i>Cherwell</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cherwell&rft.atitle=Dance+Wiv+Me%3A+Accent+and+Identity+in+Dizzee+Rascal&rft.date=2010-02-13&rft.aulast=Hillard&rft.aufirst=Nat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcherwell.org%2F2010%2F02%2F13%2Fdance-wiv-me-accent-and-identity-in-dizzee-rascal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Trudgill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2012" class="citation web cs1">Anderson, L. V. (19 November 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slate.com/culture/2012/11/skyfall-theme-song-by-adele-why-do-british-singers-sound-american.html">"Why Is American English the Lingua Franca of Pop Music?"</a>. <i>Slate</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=Why+Is+American+English+the+Lingua+Franca+of+Pop+Music%3F&rft.date=2012-11-19&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=L.+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fslate.com%2Fculture%2F2012%2F11%2Fskyfall-theme-song-by-adele-why-do-british-singers-sound-american.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Trudgill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAveyard2023" class="citation journal cs1">Aveyard, Edward (2023). "The Atlas Linguarum Europae in Great Britain and the Republic of Ireland". <i>Transactions of the Yorkshire Dialect Society</i>: 3–11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+Yorkshire+Dialect+Society&rft.atitle=The+Atlas+Linguarum+Europae+in+Great+Britain+and+the+Republic+of+Ireland&rft.pages=3-11&rft.date=2023&rft.aulast=Aveyard&rft.aufirst=Edward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Trudgill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnva.no/c26849/artikkel/vis.html?tid=40108">"Gruppe 5: Filologi og språkvitenskap"</a> (in Norwegian). <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Academy_of_Science_and_Letters" title="Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters">Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gruppe+5%3A+Filologi+og+spr%C3%A5kvitenskap&rft.pub=Norwegian+Academy+of+Science+and+Letters&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnva.no%2Fc26849%2Fartikkel%2Fvis.html%3Ftid%3D40108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Trudgill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theneweuropean.co.uk/contributor/peter-trudgill/">"Peter Trudgill"</a>. <i>The New European</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+European&rft.atitle=Peter+Trudgill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theneweuropean.co.uk%2Fcontributor%2Fpeter-trudgill%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Trudgill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrudgill2017" class="citation web cs1">Trudgill, Peter (30 November 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/PeterTrudgillTimeToMakeFourIntoOne2017">"Time to Make Four into One"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_European" title="The New European">The New European</a>. p. 46<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Time+to+Make+Four+into+One&rft.pages=46&rft.pub=The+New+European&rft.date=2017-11-30&rft.aulast=Trudgill&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FPeterTrudgillTimeToMakeFourIntoOne2017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Trudgill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Trudgill&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1382735">Interviewed by Alan Macfarlane 20 November 2012 (video)</a></li></ul> <div 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/121409937">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n78079494">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120243599">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120243599">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00459157">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Trudgill, Peter"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV044368">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35556732">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=skuk0005648&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p06845130X">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90075947">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000192263&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000303921&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC199627886">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810534329705606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007431765505171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058598215406706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/13985282">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA0041636X?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/121409937">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028401174">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_Trudgill&oldid=1254048440">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_Trudgill&oldid=1254048440</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1943_births" title="Category:1943 births">1943 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dialectologists" title="Category:Dialectologists">Dialectologists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Linguists_from_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Linguists from 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