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class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Exploitation and extinction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exploitation_and_extinction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> 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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sea mink</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Морска норка – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Морска норка" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vizon_mor" title="Vizon mor – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Vizon mor" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vis%C3%B3_mar%C3%AD" title="Visó marí – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Visó marí" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neovison_macrodon" title="Neovison macrodon – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Neovison macrodon" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norek_mo%C5%99sk%C3%BD" title="Norek mořský – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Norek mořský" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seenerz" title="Seenerz – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Seenerz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neovison_macrodon" title="Neovison macrodon – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Neovison macrodon" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvizono" title="Marvizono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Marvizono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neovison_macrodon" title="Neovison macrodon – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Neovison macrodon" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="تیره‌راسوی دریایی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تیره‌راسوی دریایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vison_de_mer" title="Vison de mer – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vison de mer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%94%A8%EB%B0%8D%ED%81%AC" title="씨밍크 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="씨밍크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neogale_macrodon" title="Neogale macrodon – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Neogale macrodon" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%9F_%D7%99%D7%9D" title="חורפן ים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חורפן ים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djenetol_(Neovison_macrodon)" title="Djenetol (Neovison macrodon) – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Djenetol (Neovison macrodon)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%ABras_%C5%ABdele" title="Jūras ūdele – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jūras ūdele" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengeri_ny%C3%A9rc" title="Tengeri nyérc – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tengeri nyérc" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeemink" title="Zeemink – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zeemink" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%83%9F%E3%83%99%E3%83%9F%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF" title="ウミベミンク – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウミベミンク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%86%DA%A9" title="سمندری منک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سمندری منک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wizon_morski" title="Wizon morski – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wizon morski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vison-marinho" title="Vison-marinho – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vison-marinho" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Морская норка – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Морская норка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neovison_macrodon" title="Neovison macrodon – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Neovison macrodon" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neogale_macrodon" title="Neogale macrodon – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Neogale macrodon" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neogale_macrodon" title="Neogale macrodon – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Neogale macrodon" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neovison_macrodon" title="Neovison macrodon – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Neovison macrodon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%B2%82" title="海貂 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="海貂" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q583627#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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Click here for more information."><img alt="Featured article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/20px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/30px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/40px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Extinct species of mustelid mammal from eastern North America</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Sea mink<br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: Late <a href="/wiki/Holocene" title="Holocene">Holocene</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Neovison_macrodon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A pen-and-ink drawing of the upper portion of the mouth (inside view) of a sea mink. The left side of the drawing (i.e., the right side of the mouth) has teeth drawn in, whereas the right side of the drawing (i.e., the left side of its mouth) has teeth sockets drawn in. The front teeth in between the canines are all drawn in" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Neovison_macrodon.png/220px-Neovison_macrodon.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Neovison_macrodon.png/330px-Neovison_macrodon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Neovison_macrodon.png/440px-Neovison_macrodon.png 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="612" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><a href="/wiki/Palate" title="Palate">Palatal</a> aspect of the skull from the <a href="/wiki/Type_(biology)" title="Type (biology)">type specimen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mink_1897.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Mink_1897.jpg/220px-Mink_1897.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Mink_1897.jpg/330px-Mink_1897.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Mink_1897.jpg/440px-Mink_1897.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="381" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Illustration of a sea mink from 1897 </td></tr> <tr style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"> <th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Status_iucn3.1_EX.svg/220px-Status_iucn3.1_EX.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Status_iucn3.1_EX.svg/330px-Status_iucn3.1_EX.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Status_iucn3.1_EX.svg/440px-Status_iucn3.1_EX.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="137" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Extinction" title="Extinction">Extinct</a> (1894) <small> (<a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN 3.1</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-IUCN_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUCN-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Status_TNC_GX.svg/220px-Status_TNC_GX.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Status_TNC_GX.svg/330px-Status_TNC_GX.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Status_TNC_GX.svg/440px-Status_TNC_GX.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="64" /></span></span><br />Presumed <a href="/wiki/Extinction" title="Extinction">Extinct</a> (1894) <small> (<a href="/wiki/NatureServe_conservation_status" title="NatureServe conservation status">NatureServe</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Neogale" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora">Carnivora</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mustelidae" title="Mustelidae">Mustelidae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Neogale" title="Neogale"><i>Neogale</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species">†<i><b>N. macrodon</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span><i>Neogale macrodon</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Daniel_Webster_Prentiss" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Daniel Webster Prentiss">Prentiss</a>, 1903)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Wpdms_nasa_topo_gulf_of_maine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A topographical map depicting the Gulf of Maine region, with the land being colored green. Visible are the Northeastern United States, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and southeastern Quebec." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Wpdms_nasa_topo_gulf_of_maine.jpg/220px-Wpdms_nasa_topo_gulf_of_maine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Wpdms_nasa_topo_gulf_of_maine.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="233" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">The sea mink was found in the hub <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Maine" title="Gulf of Maine">Gulf of Maine</a> area. </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <ul><li>†<i>Lutreola vison antiquus</i> <br /><small><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Brewster_Loomis" title="Frederic Brewster Loomis">Loomis</a>, 1911</small></li> <li>†<i>Mustela macrodon</i></li> <li>†<i>Mustela vison macrodon</i></li> <li>†<i>Neovison vison macrodon</i></li> <li>†<i>Neovison macrodon</i></li></ul> </li></ul> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The <b>sea mink</b> (<i><b>Neogale macrodon</b></i>) is a <a href="/wiki/List_of_recently_extinct_mammals" title="List of recently extinct mammals">recently extinct</a> species of <a href="/wiki/Mink" title="Mink">mink</a> that lived on the eastern coast of North America around the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Maine" title="Gulf of Maine">Gulf of Maine</a> on the <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a> seaboard. It was most closely related to the <a href="/wiki/American_mink" title="American mink">American mink</a> (<i>Neogale vison</i>), with continuing debate about whether or not the sea mink should be considered a subspecies of the American mink (as <i>Neogale vison macrodon</i>) or a species of its own. The main justification for a separate species designation is the size difference between the two minks, but other distinctions have been made, such as its redder fur. The only known remains are bone fragments unearthed in Native American <a href="/wiki/Shell_midden" class="mw-redirect" title="Shell midden">shell middens</a>. Its actual size is speculative, based largely on tooth remains. </p><p>The sea mink was first <a href="/wiki/Species_description" title="Species description">described</a> in 1903, after its <a href="/wiki/Extinction" title="Extinction">extinction</a>; information regarding its external appearance and habits stem from speculation and from accounts made by <a href="/wiki/Fur_trade" title="Fur trade">fur traders</a> and Native Americans. It may have exhibited behavior similar to the American mink, in that it probably maintained <a href="/wiki/Territory_(animal)" title="Territory (animal)">home ranges</a>, was <a href="/wiki/Polygynandrous" class="mw-redirect" title="Polygynandrous">polygynandrous</a>, and had a similar diet, though more seaward-oriented. It was probably found on the <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a> coast and the <a href="/wiki/The_Maritimes" title="The Maritimes">Maritime Provinces</a>, though its range may have stretched further south during the <a href="/wiki/Last_glacial_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Last glacial period">last glacial period</a>. Conversely, its range may have been restricted solely to the New England coast, specifically the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Maine" title="Gulf of Maine">Gulf of Maine</a>, or just to the nearby islands. The largest of the minks, the sea mink was more desirable to fur traders and became extinct in the late 19th or early 20th century. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy_and_etymology">Taxonomy and etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sea_mink&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Taxonomy and etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MinkforWiki.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A wet American mink with pale brown fur, dark brown eyes, long fingers, and a skinny tail. Its head is turned to the right and it is standing on a rock next to water." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/MinkforWiki.jpg/220px-MinkforWiki.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/MinkforWiki.jpg/330px-MinkforWiki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/MinkforWiki.jpg/440px-MinkforWiki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1379" data-file-height="1035" /></a><figcaption>The closely related American mink (<i>Neogale vison</i>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The sea mink was first <a href="/wiki/Species_description" title="Species description">described</a> as <i>Lutreola macrodon</i>, <a href="/wiki/Speciation" title="Speciation">distinct</a> from the American mink, by <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Daniel_Webster_Prentiss" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Daniel Webster Prentiss">Daniel Webster Prentiss</a>, a medical doctor and <a href="/wiki/Ornithologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Ornithologist">ornithologist</a>, in 1903, after it became <a href="/wiki/Extinct" class="mw-redirect" title="Extinct">extinct</a>. Prentiss based his description on skull fragments recovered from Native American <a href="/wiki/Shell_midden" class="mw-redirect" title="Shell midden">shell middens</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a>. Most sea mink remains, nearly all of them skull fragments, have come from shell middens, but a complete specimen has never been found.<sup id="cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sealfon07-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-prentiss_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prentiss-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Debate has occurred regarding whether the sea mink was its own <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a>, or another subspecies of the <a href="/wiki/American_mink" title="American mink">American mink</a>. Those who argue that the sea mink was a subspecies often refer to it as <i>Neovison vison macrodon</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-graham2001_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-graham2001-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A study in 1911 by <a href="/wiki/Frederic_Brewster_Loomis" title="Frederic Brewster Loomis">Frederic Brewster Loomis</a>, an American <a href="/wiki/Paleontologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleontologist">paleontologist</a>, concluded that the differences between the American mink and the sea mink were too minute to justify the latter's classification as a separate species, and he named it <i>Lutreola vison antiquus</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-loomis_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-loomis-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A study conducted in 2000 by Mead et al. refuted Loomis by claiming that the size range for the largest sea mink specimen was beyond that of the American mink, thereby making it a separate species.<sup id="cite_ref-mead_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mead-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But a 2001 study by Graham concluded that this size difference was insufficient evidence to classify the sea mink as its own species and that it should be considered a subspecies. Graham supposed that the size difference was caused by environmental factors. Furthermore, Graham reported that Mead assumed the smaller mink specimens to be the American mink, and the larger mink specimens outside the range of the American mink to be sea minks; this may have been a case of <a href="/wiki/Sexual_dimorphism" title="Sexual dimorphism">sexual dimorphism</a> wherein all specimens were sea minks, the larger ones being males and the smaller ones being females.<sup id="cite_ref-graham2001_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-graham2001-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2007 study compared the dental makeup of the sea mink to the American mink, and concluded that they were distinct enough to be considered two separate species.<sup id="cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sealfon07-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table style="border: 1px solid #ccc; vertical-align: middle; width: 248px; margin:0.2em 0 0.2em 1em; float:right; clear:right;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border: 0; padding: 0;">New World weasels </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 5px"> <div class="clade"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1258728058">body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output div.clade,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade{overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade p{font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{min-width:0.2em;width:0.2em;padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label::before,.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel::before{content:"\2060 "}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}</style> <table class="clade" style="font-size:90%; line-height:65%;width:300px;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><a href="/wiki/Mustelinae" title="Mustelinae">Mustelinae</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Amazon_weasel" title="Amazon weasel">Neogale africana</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Colombian_weasel" title="Colombian weasel">Neogale felipei</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Long-tailed_weasel" title="Long-tailed weasel">Neogale frenata</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/American_mink" title="American mink">Neogale vison</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><b>Neogale macrodon</b></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left; font-size: 88%; border: 0; padding: 0;">Relations of the sea mink within <a href="/wiki/Mustelinae" title="Mustelinae">Mustelinae</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The taxonomy of the minks was revised in 2000, resulting in the formation of a new <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Neovison" class="mw-redirect" title="Neovison">Neovison</a></i>, which includes only the sea mink and the American mink. Formerly, both minks were classified in the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Mustela" class="mw-redirect" title="Mustela">Mustela</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The species name <i>macrodon</i> translates to "large teeth".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Richard Manville, a naturalist who maintains that the sea mink is not a separate species, its closest relative is the common mink (<i>N. v. mink</i>), which also inhabits the New England area.<sup id="cite_ref-manville_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manville-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2021 study into <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a> weasels found that the sea mink, along with four other extant species, should be classified into a new genus, <i>Neogale</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Fur_trade" title="Fur trade">Fur traders</a> who hunted it gave the sea mink various names, including water marten, red otter, and fisher cat. Possibly the first description of this species was made by Sir <a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Gilbert" title="Humphrey Gilbert">Humphrey Gilbert</a> in the late 1500s as "a fish like a <a href="/wiki/Greyhound" title="Greyhound">greyhound</a>", which was a reference to its affinity for the sea and its body shape and gait, which were apparently similar to that of a greyhound. It is possible that the <a href="/wiki/Fisher_(animal)" title="Fisher (animal)">fisher</a> (<i>Pekania pennanti</i>) got its name from being mistakenly identified as the sea mink, which was also known as the fisher by fur traders.<sup id="cite_ref-mowat_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mowat-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Abenaki" title="Abenaki">Abenaki</a> Indians referred to it as the "mousebeysoo", which means "wet thing".<sup id="cite_ref-manville_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manville-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was named "sea mink" because it was always found near the coast by fur traders, and subsequently the American mink was often referred to as the "woods mink".<sup id="cite_ref-manville_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manville-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hollister_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hollister-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Range">Range</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sea_mink&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Range"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sea mink was a <a href="/wiki/Marine_mammal" title="Marine mammal">marine mammal</a> that lived around the rocky coasts of New England and the southernmost <a href="/wiki/The_Maritimes" title="The Maritimes">Maritime Provinces</a> until it was hunted to extinction in the late 19th or early 20th century. Most sea mink remains are unearthed on the coast of Maine.<sup id="cite_ref-savage98_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-savage98-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though it is speculated that they at one point inhabited <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a>, they were commonly trapped along the coast of the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Fundy" title="Bay of Fundy">Bay of Fundy</a> (in the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Maine" title="Gulf of Maine">Gulf of Maine</a>), and it is said that they formerly existed on the southwestern coast of <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-manville_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manville-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were reports of unusually large mink furs being collected from Nova Scotia regularly.<sup id="cite_ref-mowat_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mowat-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hollister_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hollister-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bones of a specimen unearthed in <a href="/wiki/Middleboro,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Middleboro, Massachusetts">Middleboro, Massachusetts</a>, were <a href="/wiki/Radio-carbon_dating" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio-carbon dating">dated</a> to be around 4,300±300 years old, 19 kilometers (12 mi) from salt water.<sup id="cite_ref-savage98_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-savage98-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sea mink may have reached that area by traveling up rivers, or may have been brought there by Native Americans. The latter is most likely, as no other mink remains have been discovered between <a href="/wiki/Casco_Bay" title="Casco Bay">Casco Bay</a> in Maine and southeastern <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sea mink bones have been unearthed in Canada, although these may have been carried there by Native Americans from the Gulf of Maine. The rugged shorelines of the <a href="/wiki/Down_East" title="Down East">Down East</a> region of Maine may have represented a northernmost barrier in their range.<sup id="cite_ref-savage98_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-savage98-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mead concluded that only American minks inhabited the mainland and that sea minks were restricted to islands off the coast. If this is the case, then all remains found on the mainland were carried there.<sup id="cite_ref-mead_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mead-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Graham challenged that hypothesis, stating that it is unlikely that all sea mink specimens originate from one population.<sup id="cite_ref-graham2001_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-graham2001-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Last_glacial_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Last glacial period">last glacial period</a>, ending 12,000 years ago, the sea mink's range may have extended south of the Gulf of Maine. It may have even evolved there, as Maine at that time would have been covered in glaciers, although the oldest known specimen only dates back to around 5,000 years; this could be due to the <a href="/wiki/Sea_level_rise" title="Sea level rise">rising sea levels</a>—older sea mink remains may be submerged underwater. Alternately, the sea mink may have evolved after the last glacial period and filled a new <a href="/wiki/Ecological_niche" title="Ecological niche">ecological niche</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sealfon07-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sea_mink&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:N._macrodon_%26_N._vison_dentition.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A pen-and-ink drawing of the upper teeth of a sea mink on the left, and that of an American mink on the right. The teeth of the sea mink are slightly but noticeably larger than that of the American mink." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/N._macrodon_%26_N._vison_dentition.png/220px-N._macrodon_%26_N._vison_dentition.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/N._macrodon_%26_N._vison_dentition.png 1.5x" data-file-width="274" data-file-height="263" /></a><figcaption>Dentition from the upper jaw of the sea mink (left) and the American mink (right)</figcaption></figure> <p>Since the sea mink has only been described by fragmentary remains, its appearance and behaviors are not well-documented. Its relatives, as well as descriptions by fur traders and Native Americans, give a general idea of this animal's appearance and its ecological roles. Accounts from Native Americans in the New England/Atlantic Canadian regions reported that the sea mink had a fatter body than the American mink. The sea mink produced a distinctive fishy odor, and had fur that was said to be coarser and redder than that of the American mink.<sup id="cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sealfon07-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-day_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-day-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hardy_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hardy-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is thought that <a href="/wiki/Naturalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturalist">naturalist</a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Banks" title="Joseph Banks">Joseph Banks</a> encountered this animal in 1776 in the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Belle_Isle" title="Strait of Belle Isle">Strait of Belle Isle</a>, and he described it as being slightly larger than a fox, having long legs, and a tail that was long and tapered toward the end, similar to a greyhound.<sup id="cite_ref-mowat_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mowat-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The sea mink was the largest of the minks. As only fragmentary skeletal remains of the sea mink exist, most of its external measurements are speculative and rely only on dental measurements.<sup id="cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sealfon07-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-manville_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manville-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1929, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Thompson_Seton" title="Ernest Thompson Seton">Ernest Thompson Seton</a>, a wildlife artist, concluded that the probable dimensions for this animal are 91.4 centimeters (36 in) from head to tail, with the tail being 25.4 centimeters (10 in) long.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A possible mounted sea mink specimen collected in 1894 in Connecticut measured 72 centimeters (28 in) from head to tail and the tail was 25.4 centimeters (10 in) in length; a 1966 study found this to be either a large American mink or possibly a <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)" title="Hybrid (biology)">hybrid</a>. The specimen was described as having coarse fur that was reddish-tan in color, though much of it was likely faded from age. It was darkest at the tail and the hind limbs, with a 5-by-1.5-centimeter (2 by 0.6 in) white patch between the forearms. There were also white spots on the left forearm and the groin region.<sup id="cite_ref-manville_14-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manville-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Type_(biology)" title="Type (biology)">type specimen</a> was collected by Prentiss and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_W._True" title="Frederick W. True">Frederick True</a>, a biologist, in 1897 in <a href="/wiki/Brooklin,_Maine" title="Brooklin, Maine">Brooklin, Maine</a>, the remains of which consist of a <a href="/wiki/Maxilla" title="Maxilla">maxilla</a>, parts of the <a href="/wiki/Nasal_bone" title="Nasal bone">nasal bone</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Palate" title="Palate">palate</a>. The teeth are all present on the right side of the palate, and the left side consists of the incisors and one premolar. Other than a chipped canine, all the teeth are in good condition. The specimen is apparently larger than the Alaskan mink (<i>N. v. nesolestes</i>), as the average distance between the last incisor to the first molar is 2.8 centimeters (1.1 in) in the Alaskan mink, whereas that distance is 3 centimeters (1.2 in) in the type specimen. The nasal bone has an abrupter ascension, and the <a href="/wiki/Carnassial" title="Carnassial">carnassial</a> teeth make a more acute angle with the gums than those of the common mink (<i>N. v. mink</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-prentiss_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prentiss-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-manville_14-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manville-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These minks were large and heavily built, with a low <a href="/wiki/Sagittal_crest" title="Sagittal crest">sagittal crest</a> and short, wide <a href="/wiki/Postorbital_process" title="Postorbital process">postorbital processes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Process_(anatomy)" title="Process (anatomy)">projections</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Frontal_bone" title="Frontal bone">frontal bone</a> behind the <a href="/wiki/Eye_socket" class="mw-redirect" title="Eye socket">eye sockets</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-manville_14-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manville-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In fact, the most notable characteristic of the skull was its size, in that it was clearly larger than that of other mink species, having a wide <a href="/wiki/Rostrum_(anatomy)" title="Rostrum (anatomy)">rostrum</a>, large <a href="/wiki/Anterior_nares" title="Anterior nares">nostril openings</a>, large <a href="/wiki/Infraorbital_foramen" title="Infraorbital foramen">antorbital foramina</a> (openings in the skull in front of the eye socket), and large teeth.<sup id="cite_ref-hollister_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hollister-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their large size was probably in response to their coastal environment, as the largest extant subspecies of American mink, the Alaskan mink (<i>N. v. nesolestes</i>), inhabits the <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Archipelago" title="Alexander Archipelago">Alexander Archipelago</a> in Alaska, an area with a <a href="/wiki/Habitat" title="Habitat">habitat</a> similar to the Gulf of Maine. Mead, concluding that the mink was restricted to nearshore islands, suggested that the large size was due to <a href="/wiki/Insular_gigantism" class="mw-redirect" title="Insular gigantism">insular gigantism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mead_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mead-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since almost all members of the subfamily <a href="/wiki/Mustelinae" title="Mustelinae">Mustelinae</a> exhibit sexual dimorphism, male sea minks were probably larger than female sea minks. The sea mink's wider carnassial teeth and blunter carnassial blades suggest that they crushed hard shells more often than did the teeth of the American mink.<sup id="cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sealfon07-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behavior">Behavior</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sea_mink&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Behavior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Herring_Cove_(10105704513).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A sandy beach at dusk the sand on the bottom half, and the water and the horizon on the top half. There's a group of people walking across the shoreline, and on the right side of the picture there's a rock formation jutting upwards from the sand with evergreen trees on it" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Herring_Cove_%2810105704513%29.jpg/220px-Herring_Cove_%2810105704513%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Herring_Cove_%2810105704513%29.jpg/330px-Herring_Cove_%2810105704513%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Herring_Cove_%2810105704513%29.jpg/440px-Herring_Cove_%2810105704513%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4090" data-file-height="2633" /></a><figcaption>The sea mink was an <a href="/wiki/Intertidal_zone" title="Intertidal zone">intertidal</a> predator of the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Maine" title="Gulf of Maine">Gulf of Maine</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Although not a truly marine species, being confined to coastal waters, the sea mink was unusually aquatic compared to other members of <a href="/wiki/Musteloidea" title="Musteloidea">Musteloidea</a>, being, next to <a href="/wiki/Otter" title="Otter">otters</a>, the most aquatic member of the <a href="/wiki/Taxon" title="Taxon">taxon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sealfon07-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As marine mammal species often play a large part in their ecosystems, the sea mink could have been an important <a href="/wiki/Intertidal_zone" title="Intertidal zone">intertidal</a> predator. It may have had a similar diet to the American mink, consuming seabirds, seabird eggs, and hard-bodied marine invertebrates, though in greater proportions.<sup id="cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sealfon07-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its seafood-oriented diet may have increased its size.<sup id="cite_ref-graham2001_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-graham2001-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Remains of <a href="/wiki/Longhorn_sculpin" title="Longhorn sculpin">toad sculpins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ocean_pout" title="Ocean pout">ocean pout</a> were the most common around their dens, and <a href="/wiki/Garden_banded_snail" class="mw-redirect" title="Garden banded snail">garden banded snails</a> were also reported to have been part of their diet.<sup id="cite_ref-manville_14-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manville-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to fur traders, the sea mink was <a href="/wiki/Nocturnal" class="mw-redirect" title="Nocturnal">nocturnal</a> and resided in caves and rock crevices during the day.<sup id="cite_ref-mowat_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mowat-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It reportedly made a den with two entrances in the rocks piled up by the <a href="/wiki/Breaking_wave" title="Breaking wave">waves</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-manville_14-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manville-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like other minks, individual sea minks may have maintained <a href="/wiki/Territory_(animal)" title="Territory (animal)">home ranges</a>, and since the males were larger and required more food, males would have had larger territorial claims. Likewise, their larger size may have allowed the males to target larger prey than the females, and they may have had to defend females during mating seasons. Like other weasels, the sea mink was probably <a href="/wiki/Polygynandrous" class="mw-redirect" title="Polygynandrous">polygynandrous</a>, with both sexes mating with multiple individuals.<sup id="cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sealfon07-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the overlap of American mink and sea mink ranges, it is possible that they hybridized with each other.<sup id="cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sealfon07-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exploitation_and_extinction">Exploitation and extinction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sea_mink&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Exploitation and extinction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Whaleback_Shell_Midden_gully_-_20070722_07986.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A gully surrounded by low-lying leafy plants and trees. The bottom of the gully is filled with shells, and it leads to a lake" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Whaleback_Shell_Midden_gully_-_20070722_07986.JPG/220px-Whaleback_Shell_Midden_gully_-_20070722_07986.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Whaleback_Shell_Midden_gully_-_20070722_07986.JPG/330px-Whaleback_Shell_Midden_gully_-_20070722_07986.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Whaleback_Shell_Midden_gully_-_20070722_07986.JPG/440px-Whaleback_Shell_Midden_gully_-_20070722_07986.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Shell_midden" class="mw-redirect" title="Shell midden">shell midden</a> in Maine</figcaption></figure> <p>The sea mink was pursued by fur traders due to its large size; this made it more desirable than other mink species further inland. The unregulated fur trade eventually led to its extinction, which is thought to have occurred between 1860 and 1920.<sup id="cite_ref-mowat_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mowat-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-savage98_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-savage98-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sea mink was seldom sighted after 1860. The last two recorded kills of a sea mink were made in Maine in 1880 near <a href="/wiki/Jonesport,_Maine" title="Jonesport, Maine">Jonesport, Maine</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Campobello_Island,_New_Brunswick" class="mw-redirect" title="Campobello Island, New Brunswick">Campobello Island, New Brunswick</a>, in 1894,<sup id="cite_ref-mowat_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mowat-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the 1894 kill is speculated to be of large American minks.<sup id="cite_ref-manville_14-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manville-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fur traders made traps to catch sea minks and also pursued them with dogs, although they were rarely trapped. If a sea mink escaped into a small hole on the rocky ledges, it was dug out by hunters using shovels and crowbars. If it was out of reach of the hunters, it was shot and then retrieved using an iron rod with a screw on the far end. If it was hiding, it was smoked out and suffocated.<sup id="cite_ref-manville_14-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manville-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hollister_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hollister-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hardy_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hardy-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The minks' nocturnal behavior may have been caused from pressure by fur traders who hunted them in daylight.<sup id="cite_ref-mowat_16-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mowat-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the remains of brain cases found in shell middens are broken and many of the bones found exhibit cut marks, it is assumed that the sea mink was hunted by Native Americans for food, and possibly for exchange and ceremonial purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-loomis_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-loomis-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-manville_14-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manville-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-savage98_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-savage98-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One study looking at the remains in shell middens in <a href="/wiki/Penobscot_Bay" title="Penobscot Bay">Penobscot Bay</a> reported that sea mink craniums were intact, more so than that of other animals found, implying that they were specifically placed there.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Males were more often collected than females.<sup id="cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sealfon07-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sea_mink&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-IUCN-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IUCN_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHelgen,_K.Turvey,_S.T.2016" class="citation journal cs1">Helgen, K.; Turvey, S.T. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/40784/45204492">"<i>Neovison macrodon</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a></i>. <b>2016</b>: e.T40784A45204492. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T40784A45204492.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T40784A45204492.en</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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NatureServe Explorer 2.0"</a>. <i>explorer.natureserve.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=explorer.natureserve.org&rft.atitle=Neogale+macrodon.+NatureServe+Explorer+2.0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fexplorer.natureserve.org%2FTaxon%2FELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.103023%2FNeogale_macrodon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+mink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Neovison+macrodon">"<i>Neovison macrodon</i>"</a>. NatureServe Explorer<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 619. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-8221-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-8221-0"><bdi>978-0-8018-8221-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62265494">62265494</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Order+Carnivora&rft.btitle=Mammal+Species+of+the+World%3A+A+Taxonomic+and+Geographic+Reference&rft.pages=619&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F62265494&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-8221-0&rft.aulast=Wozencraft&rft.aufirst=W.+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.departments.bucknell.edu%2Fbiology%2Fresources%2Fmsw3%2Fbrowse.asp%3Fid%3D14001483&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+mink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sealfon07-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sealfon07_5-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSealfon2007" class="citation journal cs1">Sealfon, R. 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Vancouver, British Columbia: Douglas and McIntyre. pp. 160–164. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-77100-046-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-77100-046-8"><bdi>978-1-77100-046-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/879632158">879632158</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sea+of+slaughter&rft.place=Vancouver%2C+British+Columbia&rft.pages=160-164&rft.pub=Douglas+and+McIntyre&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F879632158&rft.isbn=978-1-77100-046-8&rft.aulast=Mowat&rft.aufirst=F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdBiWBQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA160&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+mink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hollister-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hollister_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hollister_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hollister_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hollister_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHollister,_N.1965" class="citation journal cs1">Hollister, N. (1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=--s_AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA478">"A synopsis of the American minks"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the United States National Museum</i>. <b>44</b> (#1965): 478–479. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5479%2Fsi.00963801.44-1965.471">10.5479/si.00963801.44-1965.471</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+United+States+National+Museum&rft.atitle=A+synopsis+of+the+American+minks&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=%231965&rft.pages=478-479&rft.date=1965&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5479%2Fsi.00963801.44-1965.471&rft.au=Hollister%2C+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D--s_AAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA478&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+mink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-savage98-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-savage98_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-savage98_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-savage98_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-savage98_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-savage98_18-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlackReadingSavage1998" class="citation journal cs1">Black, D. W.; Reading, J. E.; Savage, H. G. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171011080315/https://www.unb.ca/fredericton/arts/departments/anthropology/pdfs/dwblack/blackreadingandsavage1998seamink.pdf">"Archaeological records of the extinct sea mink, <i>Mustela macrodon</i> (Carnivora: Mustelidae), from Canada"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Canadian Field-Naturalist</i>. <b>112</b> (#1): 45–49. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unb.ca/fredericton/arts/departments/anthropology/pdfs/dwblack/blackreadingandsavage1998seamink.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2017-10-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Field-Naturalist&rft.atitle=Archaeological+records+of+the+extinct+sea+mink%2C+Mustela+macrodon+%28Carnivora%3A+Mustelidae%29%2C+from+Canada&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=%231&rft.pages=45-49&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Black&rft.aufirst=D.+W.&rft.au=Reading%2C+J.+E.&rft.au=Savage%2C+H.+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unb.ca%2Ffredericton%2Farts%2Fdepartments%2Fanthropology%2Fpdfs%2Fdwblack%2Fblackreadingandsavage1998seamink.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+mink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatersRay1961" class="citation journal cs1">Waters, J. H.; Ray, C. E. (1961). "Former range of the sea mink". <i>Journal of Mammalogy</i>. <b>42</b> (#3): 380–383. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1377035">10.2307/1377035</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1377035">1377035</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mammalogy&rft.atitle=Former+range+of+the+sea+mink&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=%233&rft.pages=380-383&rft.date=1961&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1377035&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1377035%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=J.+H.&rft.au=Ray%2C+C.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+mink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-day-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-day_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDay1981" class="citation book cs1">Day, David (1981). <i>The encyclopedia of vanished species</i>. London: Universal Books. p. 220. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-947889-30-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-947889-30-2"><bdi>978-0-947889-30-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+encyclopedia+of+vanished+species&rft.place=London&rft.pages=220&rft.pub=Universal+Books&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=978-0-947889-30-2&rft.aulast=Day&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+mink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hardy-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hardy_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hardy_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHardy1903" class="citation journal cs1">Hardy, M. (1903). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j0QhAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA125">"The extinct mink from the Maine shell heaps"</a>. <i>Forest and Stream</i>. <b>LXI</b> (#I): 125.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+and+Stream&rft.atitle=The+extinct+mink+from+the+Maine+shell+heaps&rft.volume=LXI&rft.issue=%23I&rft.pages=125&rft.date=1903&rft.aulast=Hardy&rft.aufirst=M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dj0QhAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA125&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+mink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeadSpiess2001" class="citation journal cs1">Mead, J. I.; Spiess, A. E. (2001). "Reply to Russell Graham about <i>Mustela macrodon</i>". <i>Quaternary Research</i>. <b>56</b> (#3): 422–423. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001QuRes..56..422M">2001QuRes..56..422M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fqres.2001.2268">10.1006/qres.2001.2268</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:129877837">129877837</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+Research&rft.atitle=Reply+to+Russell+Graham+about+Mustela+macrodon&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=%233&rft.pages=422-423&rft.date=2001&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A129877837%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1006%2Fqres.2001.2268&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2001QuRes..56..422M&rft.aulast=Mead&rft.aufirst=J.+I.&rft.au=Spiess%2C+A.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+mink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeton1929" class="citation book cs1">Seton, E. T. (1929). <i>Lives of game animals</i>. Vol. 2. Doubleday, Doran. p. 562. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/872457192">872457192</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lives+of+game+animals&rft.pages=562&rft.pub=Doubleday%2C+Doran&rft.date=1929&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F872457192&rft.aulast=Seton&rft.aufirst=E.+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+mink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBourque1995" class="citation book cs1">Bourque, B. J. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kWsQBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA341"><i>Diversity and complexity in prehistoric maritime societies: a Gulf Of Maine perspective</i></a>. New York, New York: Plenum Press. p. 341. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-306-44874-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-306-44874-4"><bdi>978-0-306-44874-4</bdi></a>. <q>The <i>Mustela macrodon</i> cranium is much more complete than those from the rest of the midden, adding to the impression that these bones were placed especially in the cache.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diversity+and+complexity+in+prehistoric+maritime+societies%3A+a+Gulf+Of+Maine+perspective&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pages=341&rft.pub=Plenum+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-306-44874-4&rft.aulast=Bourque&rft.aufirst=B.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkWsQBwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA341&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+mink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sea_mink&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Neovison_macrodon" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Neovison macrodon">sea minks</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikispecies-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/14px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/20px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/27px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></a></span> Data related to <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Neovison_macrodon" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Neovison macrodon">sea minks</a> at Wikispecies</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150423161708/http://www.arkive.org/sea-mink/neovison-macrodon/">Arkive.org</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Weasels" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Weasels" title="Template:Weasels"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Weasels" title="Template talk:Weasels"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Weasels" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Weasels"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Weasels" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Weasel" title="Weasel">Weasels</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Species</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Mustela" class="mw-redirect" title="Mustela">Mustela</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_ermine" title="American ermine">American ermine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back-striped_weasel" title="Back-striped weasel">Back-striped weasel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-footed_ferret" title="Black-footed ferret">Black-footed ferret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_mink" title="European mink">European mink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_polecat" title="European polecat">European polecat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haida_ermine" title="Haida ermine">Haida ermine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_mountain_weasel" title="Indonesian mountain weasel">Indonesian mountain weasel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_weasel" title="Japanese weasel">Japanese weasel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Least_weasel" title="Least weasel">Least weasel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayan_weasel" title="Malayan weasel">Malayan weasel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_weasel" title="Mountain weasel">Mountain weasel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patagonian_weasel" title="Patagonian weasel">Patagonian weasel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_weasel" title="Siberian weasel">Siberian weasel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustela_aistoodonnivalis" title="Mustela aistoodonnivalis">Sichuan weasel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steppe_polecat" title="Steppe polecat">Steppe polecat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoat" title="Stoat">Stoat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonkin_weasel" title="Tonkin weasel">Tonkin weasel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-bellied_weasel" title="Yellow-bellied weasel">Yellow-bellied weasel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Neogale" title="Neogale">Neogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_mink" title="American mink">American mink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_weasel" title="Colombian weasel">Colombian weasel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-tailed_weasel" title="Long-tailed weasel">Long-tailed weasel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_weasel" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical weasel">Tropical weasel</a></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sea mink</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hybrids</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polecat%E2%80%93mink_hybrid" title="Polecat–mink hybrid">Polecat–mink hybrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polecat%E2%80%93ferret_hybrid" title="Polecat–ferret hybrid">Polecat–ferret hybrid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galanthis" title="Galanthis">Galanthis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gale_(mythology)" title="Gale (mythology)">Gale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_weasels" title="Cultural depictions of weasels">Cultural depictions of weasels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Weasel_and_Aphrodite" title="The Weasel and Aphrodite">Weasel and Aphrodite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Weasels" title="Category:Weasels">Category:Weasels</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Fictional_weasels" title="Category:Fictional weasels">Category:Fictional weasels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Okapi2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Okapi2.jpg/21px-Okapi2.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Okapi2.jpg/32px-Okapi2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Okapi2.jpg/42px-Okapi2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1707" data-file-height="1482" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Mammals" title="Portal:Mammals">Mammals</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Yellow.tang.arp.jpg/21px-Yellow.tang.arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Yellow.tang.arp.jpg/32px-Yellow.tang.arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Yellow.tang.arp.jpg/42px-Yellow.tang.arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1315" data-file-height="1039" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Marine_life" title="Portal:Marine life">Marine life</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Neovison macrodon</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583627" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q583627">Q583627</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Neovison_macrodon" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Neovison macrodon">Neovison macrodon</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Neovison_macrodon/">Neovison_macrodon</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/46WF5">46WF5</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2433651">2433651</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/74757">74757</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=11701550">11701550</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=726283">726283</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/40784">40784</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Mammal_Species_of_the_World" title="Mammal Species of the World">MSW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=14001483">14001483</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.103023/">2.103023</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/85057/">85057</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=367292">367292</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/SeaLifeBase" title="SeaLifeBase">SeaLifeBase</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sealifebase.ca/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=100091">100091</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=404093">404093</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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