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compensation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: friction compensation"> <meta name="keywords" content="friction compensation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="friction compensation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1058</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: friction compensation</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1058</span> Friction Estimation and Compensation for Steering Angle Control for Highly Automated Driving</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcus%20Walter">Marcus Walter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norbert%20Nitzsche"> Norbert Nitzsche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dirk%20Odenthal"> Dirk Odenthal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steffen%20M%C3%BCller"> Steffen Müller</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This contribution presents a friction estimator for industrial purposes which identifies Coulomb friction in a steering system. The estimator only needs a few, usually known, steering system parameters. Friction occurs on almost every mechanical system and has a negative influence on high-precision position control. This is demonstrated on a steering angle controller for highly automated driving. In this steering system the friction induces limit cycles which cause oscillating vehicle movement when the vehicle follows a given reference trajectory. When compensating the friction with the introduced estimator, limit cycles can be suppressed. This is demonstrated by measurements in a series vehicle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20estimation" title="friction estimation">friction estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20compensation" title=" friction compensation"> friction compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steering%20system" title=" steering system"> steering system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral%20vehicle%20guidance" title=" lateral vehicle guidance"> lateral vehicle guidance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27641/friction-estimation-and-compensation-for-steering-angle-control-for-highly-automated-driving" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27641.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">515</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1057</span> Compensation Analysis on Secondary Public Hospitals of Pudong New Area in Shanghai</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Fang">Wei Fang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Jun%20Gu"> Jian Jun Gu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Di%20Xue"> Di Xue</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To analyze the employee compensation status of secondary public hospitals of Pudong New Area in Shanghai in order to provide information for compensation reform of public hospitals in Shanghai and as well as in China. Methods: We surveyed all 15 secondary public hospitals of Pudong New Area in Shanghai to collect hospital annual compensation data for their employees and to investigate their suggestions for compensation reform in public hospitals in China. We also collected related annual compensation data of employees in Shanghai and of physicians in the USA from Shanghai statistical Yearbook 2013 and from Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. Results: The average annual compensation for the employees in secondary public hospitals of Pudong New Area in Shanghai in 2012 was 2.65 times of that for overall employees in Shanghai. The physician’s compensation in these public hospitals was relatively lower than that in the USA. Conclusion: The physicians’ compensation in the secondary public hospitals of Pudong New Area in Shanghai should be increased rationally and new compensation reform in public hospitals in Shanghai should be carefully designed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20resource" title="human resource">human resource</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensation" title=" compensation"> compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20hospital" title=" public hospital"> public hospital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanghai" title=" Shanghai"> Shanghai</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42481/compensation-analysis-on-secondary-public-hospitals-of-pudong-new-area-in-shanghai" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1056</span> Rail-To-Rail Output Op-Amp Design with Negative Miller Capacitance Compensation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhaned%20Zaidi">Muhaned Zaidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ian%20Grout"> Ian Grout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abu%20Khari%20bin%20A%E2%80%99ain"> Abu Khari bin A’ain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a two-stage op-amp design is considered using both Miller and negative Miller compensation techniques. The first op-amp design uses Miller compensation around the second amplification stage, whilst the second op-amp design uses negative Miller compensation around the first stage and Miller compensation around the second amplification stage. The aims of this work were to compare the gain and phase margins obtained using the different compensation techniques and identify the ability to choose either compensation technique based on a particular set of design requirements. The two op-amp designs created are based on the same two-stage rail-to-rail output CMOS op-amp architecture where the first stage of the op-amp consists of differential input and cascode circuits, and the second stage is a class AB amplifier. The op-amps have been designed using a 0.35mm CMOS fabrication process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=op-amp" title="op-amp">op-amp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rail-to-rail%20output" title=" rail-to-rail output"> rail-to-rail output</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miller%20compensation" title=" Miller compensation"> Miller compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Negative%20Miller%20capacitance" title=" Negative Miller capacitance"> Negative Miller capacitance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58421/rail-to-rail-output-op-amp-design-with-negative-miller-capacitance-compensation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58421.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1055</span> Effects of Ingredients Proportions on the Friction Performance of a Brake Pad Material</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rukiye%20Ertan">Rukiye Ertan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, a brake friction material composition was investigated experimentally related to the effects of the friction modifiers and abrasive proportions on the tribological properties. The investigation was based on a simple experimental formulation, consisting of seven friction materials with different proportions of abrasives (ZrSiO4 and Fe2O3) and friction modifiers (cashew dust). The friction materials were evaluated using a Chase friction tester. The tribological properties, such as the wear resistance and friction stability, depending on the test temperature and the number of braking were obtained related to the friction material ingredient proportions. The results showed that the tribological properties of the brake pad were greatly affected by the abrasive and then cashew dust proportion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brake%20pad" title="brake pad">brake pad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title=" friction"> friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear" title=" wear"> wear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abrasives" title=" abrasives"> abrasives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12601/effects-of-ingredients-proportions-on-the-friction-performance-of-a-brake-pad-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1054</span> The Impact of Board of Directors on CEO Compensation: Evidence from the UK</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saleh%20Alagla">Saleh Alagla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murya%20Habbash"> Murya Habbash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper investigates whether the board of directors plays a monitoring role or not in CEO compensation for the UK firms during the eve of the recent financial crisis, 2004-2008. The use of heteroscedastic and autocorrelated error consistent estimation of the panel data shows, surprisingly, that four board characteristics variables are found to play a significant role in increasing the level of CEO compensation. This insightful result would suggest evidence of the managerial power theory in general and the cronyism hypothesis in particular. Moreover, the interesting evidence supporting managerial power perspective is that CEO-Chair duality reduces long-term compensation while increasing short-term compensation, thus suggesting that CEOs are risk averse who prefer short-term compensation to long-term compensation. Finally, consistent with the agency perspective board size is found to increase all compensation variables as expected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title="corporate governance">corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CEO%20compensation" title=" CEO compensation"> CEO compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=board%20of%20directors" title=" board of directors"> board of directors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20governance%20mechanisms" title=" internal governance mechanisms"> internal governance mechanisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agency%20theory" title=" agency theory"> agency theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managerial%20power%20theory" title=" managerial power theory"> managerial power theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cronyism%20hypothesis" title=" cronyism hypothesis "> cronyism hypothesis </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80249/the-impact-of-board-of-directors-on-ceo-compensation-evidence-from-the-uk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80249.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">802</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1053</span> Effects of an Economic Recession on Executive Compensation: A Panel Analysis of Listed Companies in Brazil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joaquim%20Rubens%20Fontes-Filho">Joaquim Rubens Fontes-Filho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felipe%20Buchbinder"> Felipe Buchbinder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcelo%20Desterro"> Marcelo Desterro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study aims to identify the effects of an economic recession on the compensation of executives of listed companies. Market-based and labor environment explanations have received particular attention, both to explain the reasons for a growth in this compensation and to indicate that they may increase agency problems rather than mitigate them. In this sense, labor forces, especially related to the market for executives, contribute to defining the terms of compensation packages and represent a significant external control mechanism to moderate agency problems, but may be of little effect if the executives are entrenched and concentrate enough power to have a say in his/her compensation. Based on a five-year data panel related to executive compensation in 250 listed companies in Brazil, we examine whether the economic recession in the last two years produced any impact in this compensation, controlling for the sector and level of governance of the company. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agency%20problems" title="agency problems">agency problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20compensation" title=" executive compensation"> executive compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20mechanisms" title=" control mechanisms"> control mechanisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81769/effects-of-an-economic-recession-on-executive-compensation-a-panel-analysis-of-listed-companies-in-brazil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81769.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1052</span> Aligning Organizational Culture and Compensation Strategies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giuseppe%20Maria%20Russo">Giuseppe Maria Russo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patr%C3%ADcia%20Am%C3%A9lia%20Tomei"> Patrícia Amélia Tomei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ant%C3%B4nio%20Linhares"> Antônio Linhares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9%20Moreira%20Santos"> André Moreira Santos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Alignment between management strategies, policies and practices with organizational cultures holds great potential to meet the challenges of retaining professionals and maintaining their commitment. In this article, authors consider that when it is aligned with company strategy, compensation acts as an incentive for developing common visions within the organizational culture. This article verified the correlation between types of culture and compensation’s strategic components and provided inputs for the definition of strategies aligned with cultural typologies. We conclude that the impact of compensation variables varies according to the type of organizational culture. This result reinforces the theory that different cultures define different organizational strategies. Thus, compensation strategies may explain types of organizational culture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensation" title="compensation">compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Handy%E2%80%99s%20cultural%20typology" title=" Handy’s cultural typology"> Handy’s cultural typology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20culture" title=" organizational culture"> organizational culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rewards" title=" rewards"> rewards</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35481/aligning-organizational-culture-and-compensation-strategies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">660</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1051</span> Effect of Rotation Speed on Microstructure and Microhardness of AA7039 Rods Joined by Friction Welding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Karakoc">H. Karakoc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Uzun"> A. Uzun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20K%C4%B1rm%C4%B1z%C4%B1"> G. Kırmızı</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20%C3%87inici"> H. Çinici</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20%C3%87itak"> R. Çitak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main objective of this investigation was to apply friction welding for joining of AA7039 rods produced by powder metallurgy. Friction welding joints were carried out using a rotational friction welding machine. Friction welds were obtained under different rotational speeds between (2700 and 2900 rpm). The friction pressure of 10 MPa and friction time of 30 s was kept constant. The cross sections of joints were observed by optical microscopy. The microstructures were analyzed using scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The Vickers micro hardness measurement of the interface was evaluated using a micro hardness testing machine. Finally the results obtained were compared and discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aluminum%20alloy" title="Aluminum alloy">Aluminum alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powder%20metallurgy" title=" powder metallurgy"> powder metallurgy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20welding" title=" friction welding"> friction welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30362/effect-of-rotation-speed-on-microstructure-and-microhardness-of-aa7039-rods-joined-by-friction-welding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1050</span> Research on the Construction of Fair Use of Copyright and Compensation System for Artificial Intelligence Creation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shen%20Xiaoyun">Shen Xiaoyun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The AI-generated works must intersect with the right holder’s work, thus having a certain impact on the rights and interests of the right holder’s work. The law needs to explore and improve the regulation of the fair use of AI creations and build a compensation system to adapt to the development of the times. The development of AI technology has brought about problems such as the unclear relationship between fair use and infringement of copyright, the unclear general terms and conditions of application, and the incomplete criteria for judging at different stages. Through different theoretical methods, the legitimacy of the rational use of the system can be demonstrated. The compensation standard for fair use of copyright in AI creation can refer to the market pricing of the right holder's work, and the compensation can construct a formula for the amount of damages for AI copyright infringement, and construct the compensation standard based on the main factors affecting the market value of the work, so as to provide a reference for the construction of a compensation system for fair use of works generated by AI. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creative%20acts" title=" creative acts"> creative acts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fair%20use%20of%20copyright" title=" fair use of copyright"> fair use of copyright</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copyright%20compensation%20system" title=" copyright compensation system"> copyright compensation system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192223/research-on-the-construction-of-fair-use-of-copyright-and-compensation-system-for-artificial-intelligence-creation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192223.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1049</span> Friction Calculation and Simulation of Column Electric Power Steering System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Hamid%20Mirmohammad%20Sadeghi">Seyed Hamid Mirmohammad Sadeghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raffaella%20Sesana"> Raffaella Sesana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniela%20Maffiodo"> Daniela Maffiodo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents a procedure for friction calculation of column electric power steering (C-EPS) system which affects handling and comfort in driving. The friction losses estimation is obtained from experimental tests and mathematical calculation. Parts in C-EPS mainly involved in friction losses are bearings and worm gear. In the theoretical approach, the gear geometry and Hertz law were employed to measure the normal load and the sliding velocity and contact areas from the worm gears driving conditions. The viscous friction generated in the worm gear was obtained with a theoretical approach and the result was applied to model the friction in the steering system. Finally, by viscous friction coefficient and Coulomb friction coefficient, values of friction in worm gear were calculated. According to the Bearing Company and the characteristics of each bearing, the friction torques due to load and due to speed were calculated. A MATLAB Simulink model for calculating the friction in bearings and worm gear in C-EPS were done and the total friction value was estimated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title="friction">friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=worm%20gear" title=" worm gear"> worm gear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=column%20electric%20power%20steering%20system" title=" column electric power steering system"> column electric power steering system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulink" title=" simulink"> simulink</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bearing" title=" bearing"> bearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EPS" title=" EPS"> EPS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58098/friction-calculation-and-simulation-of-column-electric-power-steering-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1048</span> Chief Financial Officer Compensation in Mergers and Acquisitions Activities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Bugeja">Martin Bugeja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helen%20Spiropolos"> Helen Spiropolos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using a sample of U.S. firms during the period 1993-2015, this study examines whether mergers and acquisitions (M&A) impact the compensation of the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) in the bidding and integration phases of M&As. The study finds that after controlling for CEO power, CFOs’ total compensation is higher during M&A years and is driven by higher equity incentives. These results are robust to controlling for self-selection. Furthermore, CFOs receive a greater bonus during the year of acquisition and the year prior. The study also investigates if CFO compensation during M&A years is driven by M&A characteristics and finds that deal size and diversification are positively related to total compensation while completion time is negatively related. The results are robust to a number of sensitivity tests and additional analyses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chief%20financial%20officer" title="chief financial officer">chief financial officer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensation" title=" compensation"> compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mergers" title=" mergers"> mergers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acquisitions" title=" acquisitions"> acquisitions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180384/chief-financial-officer-compensation-in-mergers-and-acquisitions-activities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1047</span> Identification of Dynamic Friction Model for High-Precision Motion Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Goubej">Martin Goubej</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomas%20Popule"> Tomas Popule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alois%20Krejci"> Alois Krejci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper deals with experimental identification of mechanical systems with nonlinear friction characteristics. Dynamic LuGre friction model is adopted and a systematic approach to parameter identification of both linear and nonlinear subsystems is given. The identification procedure consists of three subsequent experiments which deal with the individual parts of plant dynamics. The proposed method is experimentally verified on an industrial-grade robotic manipulator. Model fidelity is compared with the results achieved with a static friction model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20friction" title="mechanical friction">mechanical friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LuGre%20model" title=" LuGre model"> LuGre model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20identification" title=" friction identification"> friction identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20control" title=" motion control"> motion control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51897/identification-of-dynamic-friction-model-for-high-precision-motion-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51897.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">413</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1046</span> Determination of the Friction Coefficient of AL5754 Alloy by Ring Compression Test: Experimental and Numerical Survey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20M.%20Keshtiban">P. M. Keshtiban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zadshakoyan"> M. Zadshakoyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the important factors that alter different process and geometrical parameters on metal forming processes is friction between contacting surfaces. Some important factors that effected directly by friction are: stress, strain, required load, wear of surfaces and then geometrical parameters. In order to control friction effects permanent lubrication is necessary. In this article, the friction coefficient is elicited by the most effective method, ring compression tests. The tests were done by both finite element method and practical tests. Different friction curves that extracted by finite element simulations and has good conformity with published results, used for obtaining final friction coefficient. In this study Mos2 is used as the lubricant and Al5754 alloy used as the specimens material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experiment" title="experiment">experiment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM" title=" FEM"> FEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20coefficient" title=" friction coefficient"> friction coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ring%20compression" title=" ring compression"> ring compression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37586/determination-of-the-friction-coefficient-of-al5754-alloy-by-ring-compression-test-experimental-and-numerical-survey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1045</span> Research on Executive Compensation Incentives and Internal Control: Evidence from China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yinjie%20Han">Yinjie Han</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the impact of executive compensation incentives on internal control effectiveness and further analyzes the moderating role of digital transformation in this relationship. Through empirical analysis of relevant data of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2012 to 2022, the results of the study show that there is a significant positive relationship between executive compensation incentives and internal control quality. Digital transformation plays an important moderating role in this relationship. Specifically, executive compensation incentives directly enhance the effectiveness of internal control by increasing executives' motivation and responsibility. At the same time, digital transformation further strengthens the positive impact of executive compensation incentives on the quality of internal controls by increasing information transparency and management efficiency. In addition, the study finds that the impact of executive compensation incentives on internal control quality is more significant in firms with higher levels of digital transformation. This study provides theoretical and practical guidance for enterprises to design and implement effective executive compensation incentives, promote digital transformation, and improve internal control quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20compensation%20incentives" title="executive compensation incentives">executive compensation incentives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20control" title=" internal control"> internal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20transformation" title=" digital transformation"> digital transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191941/research-on-executive-compensation-incentives-and-internal-control-evidence-from-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">22</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1044</span> Relative Composition of Executive Compensation Packages, Corporate Governance and Financial Reporting Quality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philemon%20Rakoto">Philemon Rakoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most executive compensation packages consist of four major components: base fixed salary, annual and long-term non-equity incentive plans, share-based and option-based awards and pension value. According to agency theory, the relative composition of executive compensation packages is one of the mechanisms that firms use to align the interests of executives and shareholders in order to mitigate agency costs. This paper tests the effect of the relative composition of executive compensation packages on financial reporting quality. Financial reporting quality is measured by the value relevance of accounting earnings. Corporate governance is a moderating variable in the model. Using data from Canadian firms composing S&P/TSX index of the year 2013 and governance scores based on Board Games, the analysis shows that, only for firms with good governance, there is an optimal level of the proportion of executive equity-based compensation in relation to total compensation that enhances the quality of financial reporting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20compensation%20packages" title=" executive compensation packages"> executive compensation packages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20reporting%20quality" title=" financial reporting quality"> financial reporting quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59751/relative-composition-of-executive-compensation-packages-corporate-governance-and-financial-reporting-quality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59751.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1043</span> Change of Internal Friction on Magnesium Alloy with 5.48% Al Dependence on the Temperature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milan%20Uhr%C3%AD%C4%8Dik">Milan Uhríčik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrea%20Soviarov%C3%A1"> Andrea Soviarová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuzana%20Dresslerov%C3%A1"> Zuzana Dresslerová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Pal%C4%8Dek"> Peter Palček</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alan%20Va%C5%A1ko"> Alan Vaško</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article is focused on the analysis changes dependence on the temperature on the magnesium alloy with 5,48% Al, 0,813% Zn and 0,398% Mn by internal friction. Internal friction is a property of the material is measured on the ultrasonic resonant aparature at a frequency about f = 20470 Hz. The measured temperature range was from 30 °C up to 420 °C. Precisely measurement of the internal friction can be monitored ongoing structural changes and various mechanisms that prevent these changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20friction" title="internal friction">internal friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnesium%20alloy" title=" magnesium alloy"> magnesium alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resonant%20frequency" title=" resonant frequency"> resonant frequency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20361/change-of-internal-friction-on-magnesium-alloy-with-548-al-dependence-on-the-temperature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20361.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">701</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1042</span> The Relationship Between Hourly Compensation and Unemployment Rate Using the Panel Data Regression Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Ashiquer%20Rahman">S. K. Ashiquer Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> the paper concentrations on the importance of hourly compensation, emphasizing the significance of the unemployment rate. There are the two most important factors of a nation these are its unemployment rate and hourly compensation. These are not merely statistics but they have profound effects on individual, families, and the economy. They are inversely related to one another. When we consider the unemployment rate that will probably decline as hourly compensations in manufacturing rise. But when we reduced the unemployment rates and increased job prospects could result from higher compensation. That’s why, the increased hourly compensation in the manufacturing sector that could have a favorable effect on job changing issues. Moreover, the relationship between hourly compensation and unemployment is complex and influenced by broader economic factors. In this paper, we use panel data regression models to evaluate the expected link between hourly compensation and unemployment rate in order to determine the effect of hourly compensation on unemployment rate. We estimate the fixed effects model, evaluate the error components, and determine which model (the FEM or ECM) is better by pooling all 60 observations. We then analysis and review the data by comparing 3 several countries (United States, Canada and the United Kingdom) using panel data regression models. Finally, we provide result, analysis and a summary of the extensive research on how the hourly compensation effects on the unemployment rate. Additionally, this paper offers relevant and useful informational to help the government and academic community use an econometrics and social approach to lessen on the effect of the hourly compensation on Unemployment rate to eliminate the problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hourly%20compensation" title="hourly compensation">hourly compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Unemployment%20rate" title=" Unemployment rate"> Unemployment rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panel%20data%20regression%20models" title=" panel data regression models"> panel data regression models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dummy%20variables" title=" dummy variables"> dummy variables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20effects%20model" title=" random effects model"> random effects model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20effects%20model" title=" fixed effects model"> fixed effects model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20linear%20regression%20model" title=" the linear regression model"> the linear regression model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183027/the-relationship-between-hourly-compensation-and-unemployment-rate-using-the-panel-data-regression-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1041</span> Dry Friction Fluctuations in Plain Journal Bearings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Moran">James Moran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anusarn%20Permsuwan"> Anusarn Permsuwan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper compares oscillations in the dry friction coefficient in different journal bearings. Measurements are made of the average and standard deviation in the coefficient of friction as a function of sliding velocity. The standard deviation of the friction coefficient changed dramatically with sliding velocity. The magnitude and frequency of the oscillations were a function of the velocity. A numerical model was developed for the frictional oscillations. There was good agreement between the model and results. Five different materials were used as the sliding surfaces in the experiments, Aluminum, Bronze, Mild Steel, Stainless Steel, and Nylon. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Coulomb%20friction" title="Coulomb friction">Coulomb friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20friction" title=" dynamic friction"> dynamic friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-lubricated%20bearings" title=" non-lubricated bearings"> non-lubricated bearings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frictional%20oscillations" title=" frictional oscillations"> frictional oscillations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67083/dry-friction-fluctuations-in-plain-journal-bearings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67083.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1040</span> Simulation of Kinetic Friction in L-Bending of Sheet Metals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maziar%20Ramezani">Maziar Ramezani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Neitzert"> Thomas Neitzert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timotius%20Pasang"> Timotius Pasang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims at experimental and numerical investigation of springback behavior of sheet metals during L-bending process with emphasis on Stribeck-type friction modeling. The coefficient of friction in Stribeck curve depends on sliding velocity and contact pressure. The springback behavior of mild steel and aluminum alloy 6022-T4 sheets was studied experimentally and using numerical simulations with ABAQUS software with two types of friction model: Coulomb friction and Stribeck friction. The influence of forming speed on springback behavior was studied experimentally and numerically. The results showed that Stribeck-type friction model has better results in predicting springback in sheet metal forming. The FE prediction error for mild steel and 6022-T4 AA is 23.8%, 25.5% respectively, using Coulomb friction model and 11%, 13% respectively, using Stribeck friction model. These results show that Stribeck model is suitable for simulation of sheet metal forming especially at higher forming speed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title="friction">friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L-bending" title=" L-bending"> L-bending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=springback" title=" springback"> springback</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stribeck%20curves" title=" Stribeck curves"> Stribeck curves</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7441/simulation-of-kinetic-friction-in-l-bending-of-sheet-metals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7441.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1039</span> Friction Stir Welding Process as a Solid State Joining -A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Anees%20Siddiqui">Mohd Anees Siddiqui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20H.%20Jafri"> S. A. H. Jafri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahnawaz%20Alam"> Shahnawaz Alam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Through this paper an attempt is made to review a special welding technology of friction stir welding (FSW) which is a solid-state joining. Friction stir welding is used for joining of two plates which are applied compressive force by using fixtures over the work table. This is a non consumable type welding technique in which a rotating tool of cylindrical shape is used. Process parameters such as tool geometry, joint design and process speed are discussed in the paper. Comparative study of Friction stir welding with other welding techniques such as MIG, TIG & GMAW is also done. Some light is put on several major applications of friction stir welding in different industries. Quality and environmental aspects of friction stir welding is also discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding%20%28FSW%29" title="friction stir welding (FSW)">friction stir welding (FSW)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20parameters" title=" process parameters"> process parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tool" title=" tool"> tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20state%20joining%20processes" title=" solid state joining processes "> solid state joining processes </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24239/friction-stir-welding-process-as-a-solid-state-joining-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1038</span> Friction Behavior of Wood-Plastic Composites against Uncoated Cemented Carbide</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Almontas%20Vilutis">Almontas Vilutis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vytenis%20Jankauskas"> Vytenis Jankauskas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents the results of the investigation of the dry sliding friction of wood-plastic composites (WPCs) against WC-Co cemented carbide. The dependence of the dynamic coefficient of friction on the main influencing factors (vertical load, temperature, and sliding distance) was investigated by evaluating their mutual interaction. Multiple regression analysis showed a high polynomial dependence (adjusted R2 > 0.98). The resistance of the composite to thermo-mechanical effects determines how temperature and force factors affect the magnitude of the coefficient of friction. WPC-B composite has the lowest friction and highest resistance compared to WPC-A, while composite and cemented carbide materials wear the least. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), based on elemental composition, provided important insights into the friction process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title="friction">friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite" title=" composite"> composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbide" title=" carbide"> carbide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factors" title=" factors"> factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170669/friction-behavior-of-wood-plastic-composites-against-uncoated-cemented-carbide" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170669.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1037</span> Directors’ Compensation: Analyzing the Multilevel Factors That Exert the Greatest Influence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isabel%20Acero">Isabel Acero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuria%20Alcalde"> Nuria Alcalde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The economic crisis and notorious corporate scandals have caused social indignation and sparked the debate concerning the underlying rationality of the compensation that directors receive. In this context, this study examines the determinants of the remuneration of directors in listed Spanish companies using individualized data. A multilevel methodology appropriate for this type of data has been used that allows us to differentiate between inter-company variations and intra-company variations. The results show that company size is the variable (at the company level) that exerts the greatest influence on the level of director´s compensation. One surprising finding is that the presence of independent directors on the board has a positive influence on remuneration. At the individual level, tenure and experience have a significant influence on the level of compensation, while the director´s level of education does not appear to have an effect on it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=board%20of%20directors" title="board of directors">board of directors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensation" title=" compensation"> compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experience" title=" experience"> experience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilevel" title=" multilevel"> multilevel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tenure" title=" tenure"> tenure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87177/directors-compensation-analyzing-the-multilevel-factors-that-exert-the-greatest-influence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87177.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1036</span> Critical and Strategic Issues in Compensation, Staffing and Personnel Management in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shonuga%20Olajumoke%20Adedoyinsola">Shonuga Olajumoke Adedoyinsola</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Staffing and Compensation are at the core of any employment exchange, and they serve as the defining characteristics of any employment relationship. Most organizations understand the benefits that a longer term approach to staff planning can bring and the answer to this problem lies not in trying to implement the traditional approach more effectively, but in implementing a completely different kind of process for strategic staffing. The study focuses on critical points of compensation, staffing and personnel management. The fundamentals of these programs include the elements of vision, potential, communication and motivation. The aim of the paper is to identify the most important attributes of compensation and incentives, staffing and personnel management. Research method is the analysis and synthesis of scientific literature, logical, comparative and graphic representation. On the basis of analysis, the author presents the models of these systems for positive employee attitudes and behaviors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensation" title="compensation">compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employees" title=" employees"> employees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incentives" title=" incentives"> incentives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=staffing" title=" staffing"> staffing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personnel%20management" title=" personnel management"> personnel management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32794/critical-and-strategic-issues-in-compensation-staffing-and-personnel-management-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1035</span> Compensation Mechanism Applied to Eco-Tourism Development in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min%20Wei">Min Wei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the rapid development eco-tourism resources exploitation, the conflict between economy development and ecological environment is increasingly prominent. The environmental protection laws, however, are lack of necessary legal support to use market mechanism and economic means to carry out ecological compensation and promote the environmental protection. In order to protect the sustainable utilization of eco-tourism resources and the benign development of the interests of various stakeholders, protection of ecological compensation balance should be put on schedule. The main role of institutional guarantee in eco-tourism resources' value compensation mechanism is to solve the question 'how to guarantee compensation'. The evaluation of the game model in this paper reveals that interest balance of stakeholders is an important cornerstone to obtain the sustainable development. The findings result in constructing a sustainable development pattern of eco- tourism industry based on tripartite game equilibrium among government, tourism enterprises and tourists. It is important that the social, economic and ecological environment should be harmonious development during the pursuit of eco-tourism growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20protection" title="environmental protection">environmental protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20compensation" title=" ecological compensation"> ecological compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-tourism" title=" eco-tourism"> eco-tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market%20mechanism" title=" market mechanism"> market mechanism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72450/compensation-mechanism-applied-to-eco-tourism-development-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72450.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1034</span> The Contemporary Dynamics of Board Composition and Executive Compensation for R&D Spending</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farheen%20Akram">Farheen Akram</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Research and Development (R&D) is the most crucial element of the firm’s survival in a competitive business environment. R&D is a long-term investment; therefore, executives having the power to make the investment decisions may be pessimistic when their compensation is closely linked with short-term firm performance. Thus, the current study investigates the impact of board composition and executives’ compensation (cash or short-term benefits and LTIs) on R&D spending using a sample of 85 S&P/100 firms listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) in 2017. SmartPLS (v.3.2.7) was used to evaluate the proposed model of current research. The empirical findings of this study indicate that board composition has a significant and positive effect on R&D spending. While, as expected, executive cash compensation has negative and Long-Term-Incentives (LTIs) has a positive impact on R&D spending. Based on current findings, the study suggested that myopic behavior of CEOs and top management towards long-term value creation investment like R&D can be controlled by using long-term compensation rewards. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cash%20compensation" title="cash compensation">cash compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LTIs" title=" LTIs"> LTIs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=board%20composition" title=" board composition"> board composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R%26D%20spending" title=" R&D spending"> R&D spending</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116057/the-contemporary-dynamics-of-board-composition-and-executive-compensation-for-rd-spending" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1033</span> Effect of Parameters for Exponential Loads on Voltage Transmission Line with Compensation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benalia%20Nadia">Benalia Nadia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bensiali%20Nadia"> Bensiali Nadia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zerzouri%20Noura"> Zerzouri Noura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an analysis of the effects of parameters np and nq for exponential load on the transmission line voltage profile, transferred power and transmission losses for different shunt compensation size. For different values for np and nq in which active and reactive power vary with it is terminal voltages as in exponential form, variations of the load voltage for different sizes of shunt capacitors are simulated with a simple two-bus power system using Matlab SimPowerSystems Toolbox. It is observed that the compensation level is significantly affected by the voltage sensitivities of loads. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20load%20model" title="static load model">static load model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shunt%20compensation" title=" shunt compensation"> shunt compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission%20system" title=" transmission system"> transmission system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exponentiel%20load%20model" title=" exponentiel load model"> exponentiel load model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41469/effect-of-parameters-for-exponential-loads-on-voltage-transmission-line-with-compensation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1032</span> Simulink Library for Reference Current Generation in Active DC Traction Substations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mihaela%20Popescu">Mihaela Popescu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandru%20Bitoleanu"> Alexandru Bitoleanu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is focused on the reference current calculation in the compensation mode of the active DC traction substations. The so-called p-q theory of the instantaneous reactive power is used as theoretical foundation. The compensation goal of total compensation is taken into consideration for the operation under both sinusoidal and nonsinusoidal voltage conditions, through the two objectives of unity power factor and perfect harmonic cancelation. Four blocks of reference current generation implement the conceived algorithms and they are included in a specific Simulink library, which is useful in a DSP dSPACE-based platform working under Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results validate the correctness of the implementation and fulfillment of the compensation tasks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20power%20filter" title="active power filter">active power filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC%20traction" title=" DC traction"> DC traction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=p-q%20theory" title=" p-q theory"> p-q theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simulink%20library" title=" Simulink library"> Simulink library</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27955/simulink-library-for-reference-current-generation-in-active-dc-traction-substations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27955.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">673</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1031</span> An Empirical Examination of the Determinant of the Financial CEOs’ Compensation for the Post-Financial Crisis Period</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eunsup%20Daniel%20Shim">Eunsup Daniel Shim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jooh%20Lee"> Jooh Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The US financial crisis of 2008 and subsequent Global Financial Crisis were considered by many economists the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. As a results, Dodd-Frank Act has passed and aims '(1) to promote the financial stability of the United States by improving accountability and transparency in the financial system, to end "too big to fail", (2) to protect the American taxpayer by ending bailouts, (3) to protect consumers from abusive financial services practices, and for other purposes.' The enactment of Dodd-Frank Act, in part, intended to significantly influence accountability on executive compensation especially for the financial institutions. This paper empirically investigates the changes in Financial CEOs’ compensation since the Financial Crisis of 2008. Our findings show that in the post- Financial Crisis period financial leverage is significant factor influencing the CEOs’ total compensation. In addition market based performance such as stock price and market-to-book ratio shows significant positive relationship with CEO compensation. This change can be interpreted an attempt to reduce opportunistic behavior of top executives after the financial crisis and the enactment of the Dodd-Frank Act. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20CEO%20compensation" title="financial CEO compensation">financial CEO compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=firm%20performance" title=" firm performance"> firm performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20crisis%20of%202008" title=" financial crisis of 2008"> financial crisis of 2008</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dodd-frank%20act" title=" dodd-frank act"> dodd-frank act</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2662/an-empirical-examination-of-the-determinant-of-the-financial-ceos-compensation-for-the-post-financial-crisis-period" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2662.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">522</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1030</span> Impact of Series Reactive Compensation on Increasing a Distribution Network Distributed Generation Hosting Capacity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moataz%20Ammar">Moataz Ammar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahdab%20Elmorshedy"> Ahdab Elmorshedy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The distributed generation hosting capacity of a distribution network is typically limited at a given connection point by the upper voltage limit that can be violated due to the injection of active power into the distribution network. The upper voltage limit violation concern becomes more important as the network equivalent resistance increases with respect to its equivalent reactance. This paper investigates the impact of modifying the distribution network equivalent reactance at the point of connection such that the upper voltage limit is violated at a higher distributed generation penetration, than it would without the addition of series reactive compensation. The results show that series reactive compensation proves efficient in certain situations (based on the ratio of equivalent network reactance to equivalent network resistance at the point of connection). As opposed to the conventional case of capacitive compensation of a distribution network to reduce voltage drop, inductive compensation is seen to be more appropriate for alleviation of distributed-generation-induced voltage rise. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20generation" title="distributed generation">distributed generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution%20networks" title=" distribution networks"> distribution networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=series%20compensation" title=" series compensation"> series compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20rise" title=" voltage rise"> voltage rise</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67485/impact-of-series-reactive-compensation-on-increasing-a-distribution-network-distributed-generation-hosting-capacity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67485.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1029</span> Tribological Investigation of Piston Ring Liner Assembly</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bharatkumar%20Sutaria">Bharatkumar Sutaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tejaskumar%20Chaudhari"> Tejaskumar Chaudhari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An engine performance can be increased by minimizing losses. There are various losses observed in the engines. i.e. thermal loss, heat loss and mechanical losses. Mechanical losses are in the tune of 15 to 20 % of the overall losses. Piston ring assembly contributes the highest friction in the mechanical frictional losses. The variation of piston speed in stroke length the friction force development is not uniform. In present work, comparison has been made between theoretical and experimental friction force under different operating conditions. The experiments are performed using variable operating parameters such as load, speed, temperature and lubricants. It is found that reducing trend of friction force and friction coefficient is in good nature with mixed lubrication regime of the Stribeck curve. Overall outcome from the laboratory test performance of segmented piston ring assembly using multi-grade oil offers reasonably good results at room and elevated temperatures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20force" title="friction force">friction force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20coefficient" title=" friction coefficient"> friction coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piston%20rings" title=" piston rings"> piston rings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stribeck%20curve" title=" Stribeck curve"> Stribeck curve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55898/tribological-investigation-of-piston-ring-liner-assembly" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> 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