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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Corpus and lexicology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Corpus_and_lexicology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Phonology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Phonology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Phonology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Phonology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Phonology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Phonology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vowels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vowels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Vowels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vowels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Diphthongs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diphthongs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Diphthongs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diphthongs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Tone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consonants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consonants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Consonants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consonants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header 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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fang language</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fang" title="Fang – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Fang" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_fang" title="Idioma fang – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Idioma fang" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%82_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="فانق دیلی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فانق دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llengua_fang" title="Llengua fang – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llengua fang" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffangiaid" title="Ffangiaid – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffangiaid" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fang_(Sprache)" title="Fang (Sprache) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fang (Sprache)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fangi_keel" title="Fangi keel – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Fangi keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_fang" title="Idioma fang – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma fang" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanga_lingvo" title="Fanga lingvo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fanga lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fangera" title="Fangera – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fangera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF" title="زبان فانگ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان فانگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fang_(langue)" title="Fang (langue) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fang (langue)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_fang" title="Lingua fang – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua fang" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fang_language" title="Fang language – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Fang language" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_fang" title="Lingua fang – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua fang" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kifang" title="Kifang – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kifang" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_fanga" title="Fiteny fanga – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny fanga" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Fang" title="Bahasa Fang – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Fang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%B3%E8%AA%9E" title="ファン語 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ファン語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fang_(spriak)" title="Fang (spriak) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Fang (spriak)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fang_(spr%C3%A5k)" title="Fang (språk) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fang (språk)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fang" title="Fang – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fang" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fang" title="Fang – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fang" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_Fang_(Guinea_equatorial)" title="Lenga Fang (Guinea equatorial) – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga Fang (Guinea equatorial)" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_fang" title="Język fang – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język fang" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_fangue" title="Língua fangue – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua fangue" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3_(%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA)" title="Фанг (язык) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фанг (язык)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fangin_kieli" title="Fangin kieli – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Fangin kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fang_(spr%C3%A5k)" title="Fang (språk) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fang (språk)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Фанг теле – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фанг теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87" title="ภาษาฟัง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาฟัง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D2%91_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0)" title="Фанґ (мова) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фанґ (мова)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Fang" title="Tiếng Fang – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Fang" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q33484#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Fang</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:110%; color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Pangwe</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:110%; color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;"><i>Faŋ, Paŋwe</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Native to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Ethnicity</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Fang_people" title="Fang people">Fang</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native speakers</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">1 million (2006–2013)<sup id="cite_ref-e18_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e18-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Niger–Congo languages">Niger–Congo</a>? <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> <a href="/wiki/Atlantic%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Atlantic–Congo languages">Atlantic–Congo</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Volta-Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Volta-Congo">Volta-Congo</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Benue%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Benue–Congo languages">Benue–Congo</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantoid">Bantoid</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Bantoid_languages" title="Southern Bantoid languages">Southern Bantoid</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantu_languages" title="Bantu languages">Bantu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Guthrie_classification_of_Bantu_languages#Zone_A" title="Guthrie classification of Bantu languages">Zone A</a>)<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Beti_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Beti language">Beti</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><b>Fang</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="plainlist"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Dialects</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"> <ul><li>Southwest Fang</li> <li>Ntoumou-Fang</li> <li>Okak-Fang</li> <li>Mekê-Fang</li> <li>Mvaïe-Fang</li> <li>Atsi-Fang</li> <li>Nzaman-Fang</li> <li>Mveni-Fang</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Official status</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Recognised minority<br />language in</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="vertical-align:middle;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/45px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/31px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-2" title="ISO 639-2">ISO 639-2</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?code_ID=136">fan</a></span></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/fan" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:fan">fan</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></i></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/fang1246">fang1246</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Guthrie_classification_of_Bantu_languages" title="Guthrie classification of Bantu languages">Guthrie code</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code>A.75,751</code><sup id="cite_ref-Guthrie_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guthrie-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Idioma_fang.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Idioma_fang.png/320px-Idioma_fang.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Idioma_fang.png/480px-Idioma_fang.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Idioma_fang.png/640px-Idioma_fang.png 2x" data-file-width="1420" data-file-height="1040" /></a></span><div style="text-align:left;">Idioma fang (Fang language) spread</div></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}</style> <p><b>Fang</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'f' in 'find'">f</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="/ŋ/: 'ng' in 'sing'">ŋ</span></span>/</a></span></span>) is a Central African language spoken by around 1 million people, most of them in <a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a>, and northern <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a>, where it is the dominant <a href="/wiki/Bantu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantu language">Bantu language</a>; Fang is also spoken in southern <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a>, and small fractions of the islands of <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a>. It is related to the <a href="/wiki/Bulu_language" title="Bulu language">Bulu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ewondo_language" title="Ewondo language">Ewondo</a> languages of southern <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>. </p><p>Under President <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Mac%C3%ADas_Nguema" title="Francisco Macías Nguema">Macías Nguema</a>, Fang was the official language of <a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a>, although in 1982, the <a href="/wiki/1982_Equatorial_Guinea_constitution" title="1982 Equatorial Guinea constitution">Third Constitution</a> once again replaced it with <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>. Since then, each version of the Constitution has recognized Fang and other languages indigenous to the country as integral to the national culture, despite these languages not having official status. </p><p>There are many different variants of Fang in northern <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a> and southern <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>. Maho (2009) lists Southwest Fang as a distinct language. The other dialects are Ntoumou, Okak, Mekê, Atsi (Batsi), Nzaman (Zaman), Mveni, and Mvaïe. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fang_language&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to ALCAM (2012), Fang is mainly spoken in northern Gabon and also in Equatorial Guinea. Dialects include Ntumu, Mvayn, and Okak. In Cameroon, Fang is spoken in the southern half of <a href="/wiki/Dja-et-Lobo" title="Dja-et-Lobo">Dja-et-Lobo</a> department (Southern Region) south of <a href="/wiki/Djoum" title="Djoum">Djoum</a>. It is also spoken in the southeast of <a href="/wiki/Mvila" title="Mvila">Mvila</a> department: south of <a href="/wiki/Mvangane" title="Mvangane">Mvangan</a>, plus small isolated parts of <a href="/wiki/Oc%C3%A9an" title="Océan">Océan</a> department between <a href="/wiki/Lolodorf" title="Lolodorf">Lolodorf</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kribi" title="Kribi">Kribi</a> where the Okak dialect is spoken. The other dialects, Mvayn and Ntumu, are spoken in <a href="/wiki/Vall%C3%A9e-du-Ntem" title="Vallée-du-Ntem">Vallée-du-Ntem</a> department.<sup id="cite_ref-ALCAM2012_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ALCAM2012-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Corpus_and_lexicology">Corpus and lexicology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fang_language&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Corpus and lexicology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite Fang's lack of any well-defined literary corpus, it is of note that linguists have, in the past, made attempts to compile dictionaries and lexicons for the Fang language. The two most notable ones to be proposed or fully compiled were made by Maillard (2007)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Bibang (2014). Neither created a direct Fang-English dictionary, but opted instead to separate the two languages via third European languages (French and Spanish, respectively) as a bridge for various loanwords. </p><p>The translation efforts to English have been done through Romance languages: specifically, Spanish and French. The latter of the two languages would likely have had the most impact on the language, given the occupation of Gabon by the French during the existence of French Equatorial Africa (itself part of French West Africa), which lasted 75 years from 1885 to 1960. To a lesser extent, in São Tomé and Príncipe, Portuguese also likely has influenced the dialects of Fang present there, due to the country being occupied by Portugal for most of the islands' history of habitation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Phonology">Phonology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fang_language&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Phonology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The phonology of Fang is listed below.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vowels">Vowels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fang_language&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Vowels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fang has 7 vowels, each of which can have short or long realizations. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <caption>Vowel Phonemes </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Front_vowel" title="Front vowel">Front</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vowel_length" title="Vowel length">short/long</a>)</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Back_vowel" title="Back vowel">Back</a> (short/long) </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Close_vowel" title="Close vowel">Close</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close front unrounded vowel">i</a></span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close front unrounded vowel">iː</a></span> (<span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowel" title="Nasal vowel">ĩ</a></span>) </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close back rounded vowel">u</a></span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close back rounded vowel">uː</a></span> (<span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowel" title="Nasal vowel">ũ</a></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_vowel" title="Close-mid vowel">Close-mid</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid front unrounded vowel">e</a></span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid front unrounded vowel">eː</a></span> (<span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowel" title="Nasal vowel">ẽ</a></span>) </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close-mid back rounded vowel">o</a></span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close-mid back rounded vowel">oː</a></span> (<span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowel" title="Nasal vowel">õ</a></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_vowel" title="Open-mid vowel">Open-mid</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open-mid front unrounded vowel">ɛ</a></span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open-mid front unrounded vowel">ɛː</a></span> (<span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowel" title="Nasal vowel">ɛ̃</a></span>) </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Open-mid back rounded vowel">ɔ</a></span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Open-mid back rounded vowel">ɔː</a></span> (<span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowel" title="Nasal vowel">ɔ̃</a></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Open_vowel" title="Open vowel">Open</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open front unrounded vowel">a</a></span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open front unrounded vowel">aː</a></span> (<span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowel" title="Nasal vowel">ã</a></span>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowel" title="Nasal vowel">Nasal vowels</a> are allophones of the respective oral vowels, when followed by a nasal consonant <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ŋ]</span> or <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɲ]</span>. Words cannot start with <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɛ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[i]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɔ]</span> or <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[u]</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Diphthongs">Diphthongs</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fang_language&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Diphthongs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Diphthongs can be a combination of any vowel with <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[j]</span> or <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[w]</span>, as well as <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ea]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[oe]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[oa]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ua]</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tone">Tone</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fang_language&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Tone"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fang distinguishes between at least 5 lexical tones, conventionally called: high, mid, low, rising and falling. One vowel in a sequences of vowels can be elided in casual speech, though its tone remains and attaches to the remaining vowel. <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consonants">Consonants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fang_language&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Consonants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Fang, there are 24 plain consonants. The majority of them can become <a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">prenasalized</a>: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2"> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Labial_consonant" title="Labial consonant">Labial</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Alveolar_consonant" title="Alveolar consonant">Alveolar</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Alveopalatal_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveopalatal consonant">Alveopalatal</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Velar_consonant" title="Velar consonant">Velar</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Labial%E2%80%93velar_consonant" title="Labial–velar consonant">Labial–velar</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Glottal_consonant" title="Glottal consonant">Glottal</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_consonant" title="Nasal consonant">Nasal</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_nasal" title="Voiced bilabial nasal">m</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar nasal">n</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_palatal_nasal" title="Voiced palatal nasal">ɲ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_nasal" title="Voiced velar nasal">ŋ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Plosive" title="Plosive">Plosive</a> </th> <th><span style="font-size:85%;">plain</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiceless bilabial plosive">p</a></span> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiced bilabial plosive">b</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar plosive">t</a></span> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar plosive">d</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_labial%E2%80%93velar_plosive" title="Voiceless labial–velar plosive">k͡p</a></span> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_plosive" title="Voiced labial–velar plosive">ɡ͡b</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">ʔ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span style="font-size:85%;">prenasal</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵐp</a></span> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵐb</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿt</a></span> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿd</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑk</a></span> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑg</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑk͡p</a></span> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑɡ͡b</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Affricate" title="Affricate">Affricate</a> </th> <th><span style="font-size:85%;">plain</span> </th> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolar affricate">t͡s</a></span> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_affricate" title="Voiced alveolar affricate">d͡z</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span style="font-size:85%;">prenasal</span> </th> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿt͡s</a></span> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿd͡z</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Fricative" title="Fricative">Fricative</a> </th> <th><span style="font-size:85%;">plain</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiceless labiodental fricative">f</a></span> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiced labiodental fricative">v</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_fricative" title="Voiceless alveolar fricative">s</a></span> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_fricative" title="Voiced alveolar fricative">z</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_glottal_fricative" title="Voiceless glottal fricative">h</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span style="font-size:85%;">prenasal</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᶬf</a></span> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᶬv</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿs</a></span> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿz</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Approximant" title="Approximant">Approximant</a> </th> <th><span style="font-size:85%;">plain</span> </th> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_lateral_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar lateral approximant">l</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_palatal_approximant" title="Voiced palatal approximant">j</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_approximant" title="Voiced labial–velar approximant">w</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span style="font-size:85%;">prenasal</span> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᶮj</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_release" title="Nasal release">ⁿw</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Tap_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Tap consonant">Tap</a> </th> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_dental_and_alveolar_taps_and_flaps" title="Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps">ɾ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/h/</span> is only used in interjections and loanwords. Words can not start with <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ŋ/</span>, except when followed by a velar consonant. <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɾ/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/z/</span> also are restricted from word-initial position. <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/g/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/p/</span> can only come in word-initial position in words of foreign origin, although in many of these cases, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/g/</span> becomes realized as <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ŋg]</span>. </p><p>The morpheme "gh" is pronounced as <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɾ</span> in the case of the word "Beyoghe" (the Fang term for Libreville); one of several changes to pronunciation by morphology. </p><p>It is also important to note that in Fang, at every "hiatus" (shock of two vowels), such as in "Ma adzi", it is required for one to make the second word an aphetism, dropping the pronunciation of the <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">aː</span> sound at the start of the second word (e.g. "Ma dzi"). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fang_language&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output 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class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fang_language&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-e18-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-e18_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/fan/">Fang</a> at <i><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a></i> (18th ed., 2015) <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guthrie-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guthrie_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180203191542/http://goto.glocalnet.net/mahopapers/nuglonline.pdf">New Updated Guthrie List Online</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ALCAM2012-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ALCAM2012_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBinam_Bikoi2012" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Binam Bikoi, Charles, ed. (2012). <i>Atlas linguistique du Cameroun (ALCAM)</i> [<i>Linguistic Atlas of Cameroon</i>]. Atlas linguistique de l'Afrique centrale (ALAC) (in French). Vol. 1: Inventaire des langues. Yaoundé: CERDOTOLA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789956796069" title="Special:BookSources/9789956796069"><bdi>9789956796069</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Atlas+linguistique+du+Cameroun+%28ALCAM%29&rft.place=Yaound%C3%A9&rft.series=Atlas+linguistique+de+l%27Afrique+centrale+%28ALAC%29&rft.pub=CERDOTOLA&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9789956796069&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFang+language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ella, Edgar Maillard (2007-03). A Theoretical Model For a Fang-French-English Specialized Multi-Volume School Dictionary.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bibang Oyee, Julián-Bibang (2014). Diccionario Español-Fang/Fang-Español. Akal.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bibang Oyee, Julián (1990). Curso de lengua fang. Centro Cultural Hispano-Guineano</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fang_language&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bantu-languages.com/fr/">Bantulanyi</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/1229">http://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/1229</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080630064631/http://monefang.com/parlons1.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20080630064631/http://monefang.com/parlons1.html</a> Monefang, archived from the original (2008). Note: This site is mostly in French.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Languages_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Template:Languages of Equatorial Guinea"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Languages_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Template talk:Languages of Equatorial Guinea"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Languages_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Languages of Equatorial Guinea"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_of_Equatorial_Guinea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Equatorial_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Equatorial Guinea">Languages of Equatorial Guinea</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Equatoguinean_Spanish" title="Equatoguinean Spanish">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indigenous languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batanga_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Batanga language">Batanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benga_language" title="Benga language">Benga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bube_language" title="Bube language">Bube</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwasio_language" title="Kwasio language">Gyele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kombe_language" title="Kombe language">Kombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwasio_language" title="Kwasio language">Kwasio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lengue_language" title="Lengue language">Lengue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seki_language" title="Seki language">Seki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasa_language" title="Yasa language">Yasa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Creole languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annobonese_Creole" title="Annobonese Creole">Annobonese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Migrant languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_language" title="Igbo language">Igbo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Languages_of_Cameroon" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Languages_of_Cameroon" title="Template:Languages of Cameroon"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Languages_of_Cameroon" title="Template talk:Languages of Cameroon"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Languages_of_Cameroon" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Languages of Cameroon"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_of_Cameroon" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Cameroon" title="Languages of Cameroon">Languages of Cameroon</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bamum_language" title="Bamum language">Bamum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulu_language" title="Bulu language">Bulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duala_language" title="Duala language">Duala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ewondo_language" title="Ewondo language">Ewondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fula_language" title="Fula language">Fulfulde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kom_language_(Cameroon)" title="Kom language (Cameroon)">Kom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nso_language" title="Nso language">Lamnso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medumba_language" title="Medumba language">Medumba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pidgins</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cameroonian_Pidgin_English" title="Cameroonian Pidgin English">Cameroonian Pidgin English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camfranglais" title="Camfranglais">Camfranglais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ewondo_Populaire" title="Ewondo Populaire">Ewondo Populaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indigenous languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chadian_Arabic" title="Chadian Arabic">Chadian Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abon_language" title="Abon language">Abon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afade_language" title="Afade language">Afade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aghem_language" title="Aghem language">Aghem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambo_language_(Nigeria)" title="Ambo language (Nigeria)">Ambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babanki_language" title="Babanki language">Babanki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bafaw-Balong_language" title="Bafaw-Balong language">Bafaw-Balong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bafia_language_(Cameroon)" title="Bafia language (Cameroon)">Bafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baka_language" title="Baka language">Baka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baldemu_language" title="Baldemu language">Baldemu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamali_language" title="Bamali language">Bamali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bambalang_language" title="Bambalang language">Bambalang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bana_language" title="Bana language">Bana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangolan_language" title="Bangolan language">Bangolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankon_language" title="Bankon language">Bankon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basaa_language" title="Basaa language">Basaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bata_language" title="Bata language">Bata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bati_language_(Cameroon)" title="Bati language (Cameroon)">Bati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batu_language" title="Batu language">Batu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebele_language" title="Bebele language">Bebele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebil_language" title="Bebil language">Bebil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beti_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Beti language">Beti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bikya_language" title="Bikya language">Bikya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishuo_language" title="Bishuo language">Bishuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitare_language" title="Bitare language">Bitare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomwali_language" title="Bomwali language">Bomwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonkeng_language" title="Bonkeng language">Bonkeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bube_language" title="Bube language">Bube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bung_language" title="Bung language">Bung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buwal_language" title="Buwal language">Buwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byep_language" title="Byep language">Byep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caka_language" title="Caka language">Caka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceve-Maci_language" title="Iceve-Maci language">Ceve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamba_Leko" title="Chamba Leko">Chamba Leko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuvok_language" title="Cuvok language">Cuvok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daba_language" title="Daba language">Daba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doyayo_language" title="Doyayo language">Dowayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C6%8Augwor_language" title="Ɗugwor language">Ɗugwor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duli_language" title="Duli language">Duli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eman_language" title="Eman language">Eman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esimbi_language" title="Esimbi language">Esimbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eton_language" title="Eton language">Eton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evant_language" title="Evant language">Evant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fa%CA%BC_language" title="Faʼ language">Fa’</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanji_language" title="Fanji language">Fanji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fe%27fe%27_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Fe'fe' language">Fe'fe'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fut_language" title="Fut language">Fut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gawar_language" title="Gawar language">Gawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gbanu_language" title="Gbanu language">Gbanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gbanzili_language" title="Gbanzili language">Gbanzili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghomala%27_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghomala' language">Ghomala'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gidar_language" title="Gidar language">Gidar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glavda_language" title="Glavda language">Glavda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gude_language" title="Gude language">Gude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunu_language" title="Gunu language">Gunu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gvoko_language" title="Gvoko language">Gvoko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hausa_language" title="Hausa language">Hausa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hdi_language" title="Hdi language">Hdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hijuk_language" title="Hijuk language">Hijuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hina_language" title="Hina language">Hina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hya_language" title="Hya language">Hya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipulo_language" title="Ipulo language">Ipulo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iyive_language" title="Iyive language">Iyive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimi_language_(Cameroon)" title="Jimi language (Cameroon)">Jimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jina_language" title="Jina language">Jina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaalong_language" title="Kaalong language">Kaalong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabba_language" title="Kabba language">Kabba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kako_language" title="Kako language">Kako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_language" title="Kali language">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanuri_language" title="Kanuri language">Kanuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kare_language_(Adamawa)" title="Kare language (Adamawa)">Kare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasabe_language" title="Kasabe language">Kasabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kera_language" title="Kera language">Kera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ki_language" title="Ki language">Ki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kogo_language" title="Kogo language">Kogo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kol_language_(Cameroon)" title="Kol language (Cameroon)">Kol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koma_language" title="Koma language">Koma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kpwe_language" title="Kpwe language">Kpwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuo_language" title="Kuo language">Kuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutin_language" title="Kutin language">Kutin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwa%CA%BC_language" title="Kwaʼ language">Kwa’</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwakum_language" title="Kwakum language">Kwakum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwasio_language" title="Kwasio language">Kwasio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La%27bi_language" title="La'bi language">La'bi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagwan_language" title="Lagwan language">Lagwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limba_language_(Cameroon)" title="Limba language (Cameroon)">Limba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limbum_language" title="Limbum language">Limbum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_language_(Cameroon)" title="Luo language (Cameroon)">Luo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%C9%97a_language" title="Maɗa language">Maɗa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafa_language" title="Mafa language">Mafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majera_language" title="Majera language">Majera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makaa_language" title="Makaa language">Makaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malgbe_language" title="Malgbe language">Malgbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manenguba_languages" title="Manenguba languages">Manenguba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangbai_language" title="Mangbai language">Mangbai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manza_language" title="Manza language">Manza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maslam_language" title="Maslam language">Maslam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massa_language" title="Massa language">Massa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matal_language" title="Matal language">Matal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazagway_language" title="Mazagway language">Mazagway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mb%C9%99%CA%BC_language" title="Mbəʼ language">Mbə’</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mboa_language" title="Mboa language">Mboa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbudum_language" title="Mbudum language">Mbudum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbuko_language" title="Mbuko language">Mbuko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbule_language" title="Mbule language">Mbule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbum_language" title="Mbum language">Mbum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mefele_language" title="Mefele language">Mefele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengaka_language" title="Mengaka language">Məgaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leti_language_(Cameroon)" title="Leti language (Cameroon)">Mengisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menyam_language" title="Menyam language">Menyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merey_language" title="Merey language">Merey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesaka_language" title="Mesaka language">Mesaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mfumte_language" title="Mfumte language">Mfumte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mofu-Gudur_language" title="Mofu-Gudur language">Mofu-Gudur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moloko_language" title="Moloko language">Moloko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mono_language_(Cameroon)" title="Mono language (Cameroon)">Mono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mpade_language" title="Mpade language">Mpade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mpumpong_language" title="Mpumpong language">Mpumpong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mser_language" title="Mser language">Mser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundang_language" title="Mundang language">Mundang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nga%27ka_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Nga'ka language">Mungaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musgu_language" title="Musgu language">Musgu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muyang_language" title="Muyang language">Muyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagumi_language" title="Nagumi language">Nagumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nda%E2%80%99nda%E2%80%99_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Nda’nda’ language">Nda’nda’</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndai_language" title="Ndai language">Ndai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nen_language_(Cameroon)" title="Nen language (Cameroon)">Nen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nga%27ka_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Nga'ka language">Nga'ka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngambay_language" title="Ngambay language">Ngambay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngiemboon_language" title="Ngiemboon language">Ngiemboon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngomba_language" title="Ngomba language">Ngomba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngombale_language" title="Ngombale language">Ngombale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngwe_language" title="Ngwe language">Ngwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbari_language" title="Nimbari language">Nimbari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Njem_language" title="Njem language">Njem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Njerep_language" title="Njerep language">Njerep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nkongho_language" title="Nkongho language">Nkongho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanga_language" title="Tanga language">Noho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noni_language" title="Noni language">Noni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Giziga_language" title="North Giziga language">North Giziga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Mofu_language" title="North Mofu language">North Mofu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Gbaya_language" title="Northwest Gbaya language">Northwest Gbaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyokon_language" title="Nyokon language">Nyokon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyong_language" title="Nyong language">Nyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nzakambay_language" title="Nzakambay language">Nzakambay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nzanyi_language" title="Nzanyi language">Nzanyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nzime_language" title="Nzime language">Nzime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oblo_language" title="Oblo language">Oblo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oroko_language" title="Oroko language">Oroko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otank_language" title="Otank language">Otank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pam_language" title="Pam language">Pam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_language" title="Baba language">Papia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkwa_language" title="Parkwa language">Parkwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinyin_language" title="Pinyin language">Pinyin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pol_language" title="Pol language">Pol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pongo_language" title="Pongo language">Pongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psiky%C9%9B_dialect" title="Psikyɛ dialect">Psikyɛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rombi_language" title="Rombi language">Rombi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharwa_language" title="Sharwa language">Sharwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Giziga_language" title="South Giziga language">South Giziga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suwu_language" title="Suwu language">Suwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swo_language" title="Swo language">Swo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibea_language" title="Tibea language">Tibea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikar_language" title="Tikar language">Tikar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/To_language" title="To language">To</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsuvan_language" title="Tsuvan language">Tsuvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupuri_language" title="Tupuri language">Tupuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vame_language" title="Vame language">Vame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vemgo-Mabas_language" title="Vemgo-Mabas language">Vemgo-Mabas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vengo_language" title="Vengo language">Vengo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vere_language" title="Vere language">Vere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voko_language" title="Voko language">Voko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perema_language" title="Perema language">Wom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuzlam_language" title="Wuzlam language">Wuzlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamba_language" title="Yamba language">Yamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yambe_language" title="Yambe language">Yambe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasa_language" title="Yasa language">Yasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yedina_language" title="Yedina language">Yedina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemba_language" title="Yemba language">Yemba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeni_language" title="Yeni language">Yeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zizilivakan_language" title="Zizilivakan language">Zizilivakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulgo-Gemzek_language" title="Zulgo-Gemzek language">Zulgo-Gemzek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zumaya_language" title="Zumaya language">Zumaya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sign languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Varieties_of_American_Sign_Language#Francophone_African_Sign_Language" title="Varieties of American Sign Language">Francophone African Sign Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maroua_Sign_Language" title="Maroua Sign Language">Maroua Sign Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Immigrant languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi language">Hindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_language" title="Danish language">Danish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>See also:</b> <a href="/wiki/General_Alphabet_of_Cameroon_Languages" title="General Alphabet of Cameroon Languages">General Alphabet of Cameroon Languages</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Languages_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Languages_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Template:Languages of the Republic of the Congo"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Languages_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Template talk:Languages of the Republic of the Congo"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Languages_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Languages of the Republic of the Congo"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Languages of the Republic of the Congo">Languages of the Republic of the Congo</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kituba_language" title="Kituba language">Kituba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingala_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingala language">Lingala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indigenous languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aka_language" title="Aka language">Aka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akwa_language" title="Akwa language">Akwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekwil_language" title="Bekwil language">Bekwil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomitaba_language" title="Bomitaba language">Bomitaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonjo_language" title="Bonjo language">Bonjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bwenyi_language" title="Bwenyi language">Bwenyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bwisi_language" title="Bwisi language">Bwisi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaning%27i_language" title="Kaning'i language">Kaning'i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kota_language_(Gabon)" title="Kota language (Gabon)">Kota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koyo_language_(Congo)" title="Koyo language (Congo)">Koyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwala_language" title="Kwala language">Kwala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumbu_language" title="Lumbu language">Lumbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbama_language" title="Mbama language">Mbama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbere_language" title="Mbere language">Mbere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mboko_language" title="Mboko language">Mboko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mboshi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mboshi language">Mboshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Njebi_language" title="Njebi language">Njebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punu_language" title="Punu language">Punu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsaangi_language" title="Tsaangi language">Tsaangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vili_language" title="Vili language">Vili</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Immigrant languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic Language">Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi language">Hindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Languages_of_Gabon" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Languages_of_Gabon" title="Template:Languages of Gabon"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Languages_of_Gabon" title="Template talk:Languages of Gabon"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Languages_of_Gabon" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Languages of Gabon"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_of_Gabon" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Gabon" title="Languages of Gabon">Languages of Gabon</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> (<a href="/wiki/Standard_French" title="Standard French">Standard</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Immigrant languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic Language">Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi language">Hindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indigenous languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baka_language" title="Baka language">Baka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barama_language" title="Barama language">Barama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekwel_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bekwel language">Bekwel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benga_language" title="Benga language">Benga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bube_language" title="Bube language">Bube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bwisi_language" title="Bwisi language">Bwisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duma_language" title="Duma language">Duma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kande_language" title="Kande language">Kande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaningi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaningi language">Kaningi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kili_language_(Gabon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kili language (Gabon)">Kili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKota_language" class="mw-redirect" title="IKota language">iKota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumbu_language" title="Lumbu language">Lumbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahongwe_language" title="Mahongwe language">Mahongwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbama_language" title="Mbama language">Mbama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbangwe_language" title="Mbangwe language">Mbangwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbere_language" title="Mbere language">Mbere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myene_language" title="Myene language">Myene</a> (several dialects)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndasa_language" title="Ndasa language">Ndasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndumu_language" title="Ndumu language">Ndumu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngom_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ngom language">Ngom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Njebi_language" title="Njebi language">Njebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinji_language" title="Pinji language">Pinji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punu_language" title="Punu language">Punu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sake_language" title="Sake language">Sake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangu_language_(Gabon)" title="Sangu language (Gabon)">Sangu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seki_language" title="Seki language">Seki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sighu_language" title="Sighu language">Sighu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simba_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Simba language">Simba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shira_language" title="Shira language">Sira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Teke_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Teke language">Northern Teke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Teke_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Teke language">Western Teke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsaangi_language" title="Tsaangi language">Tsaangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsogo_language" title="Tsogo language">Tsogo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vili_language" title="Vili language">Vili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vumbu_language" title="Vumbu language">Vumbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wandji_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Wandji language">Wandji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wumbvu_language" title="Wumbvu language">Wumbvu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasa_language" title="Yasa language">Yasa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239009302"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Languages_of_São_Tomé_and_Príncipe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Languages_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Template:Languages of São Tomé and Príncipe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Languages_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Template talk:Languages of São Tomé and Príncipe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Languages_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Languages of São Tomé and Príncipe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_of_São_Tomé_and_Príncipe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Languages of São Tomé and Príncipe">Languages of São Tomé and Príncipe</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tomean_Portuguese" title="São Tomean Portuguese">Portuguese</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/32px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/48px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/64px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Portal:São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe portal</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Native creole languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angolar_Creole" title="Angolar Creole">Angolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forro_Creole" title="Forro Creole">Forro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principense_Creole" title="Principense Creole">Principense</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verdean_Creole" title="Cape Verdean Creole">Cabo Verdian</a> (creole)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_A–B)_(by_Guthrie_classification)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_A%E2%80%93B)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_A%E2%80%93B)" title="Template talk:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_A%E2%80%93B)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_A–B)_(by_Guthrie_classification)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Narrow <a href="/wiki/Bantu_languages" title="Bantu languages">Bantu languages</a> (Zones A–B) (by <a href="/wiki/Guthrie_classification_of_Bantu_languages" title="Guthrie classification of Bantu languages">Guthrie classification</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zone A</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">A10</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>A11[101] <a href="/wiki/Oroko_language" title="Oroko language">Londo</a></li> <li>A12[101] <a href="/wiki/Oroko_language" title="Oroko language">Barue</a></li> <li>A13 <a href="/wiki/Bafaw-Balong_language" title="Bafaw-Balong language">Balong</a></li> <li>A14 <a href="/wiki/Bonkeng_language" title="Bonkeng language">Bonkeng</a></li> <li>A15 <a href="/wiki/Manenguba_languages" title="Manenguba languages">Mbo</a></li> <li>[A141 <a href="/wiki/Bafaw-Balong_language" title="Bafaw-Balong language">Bafo</a></li> <li>A151 <a href="/wiki/Nkongho_language" title="Nkongho language">Nkongho</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">A20</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>A21 <a href="/wiki/Kpwe_language" title="Kpwe language">Bomboko</a></li> <li>A22 <a href="/wiki/Kpwe_language" title="Kpwe language">Baakpe</a></li> <li>A23 <a href="/wiki/Suwu_language" title="Suwu language">Su</a></li> <li>A24 <a href="/wiki/Duala_language" title="Duala language">Duala</a></li> <li>A25 <a href="/wiki/Duala_language" title="Duala language">Oli</a></li> <li>A26 <a href="/wiki/Duala_language" title="Duala language">Pongo</a></li> <li>A27 <a href="/wiki/Limba_language_(Cameroon)" title="Limba language (Cameroon)">Mulimba</a></li> <li>[A221 <a href="/wiki/Bube_language" title="Bube language">Bubia</a></li> <li>A231 <a href="/wiki/Kpwe_language" title="Kpwe language">Kole</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">A30</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>A31a <a href="/wiki/Bube_language" title="Bube language">North Bobe</a></li> <li>A31b <a href="/wiki/Bube_language" title="Bube language">Southwest Bobe</a></li> <li>A31c <a href="/wiki/Bube_language" title="Bube language">Southeast Bobe</a></li> <li>A32a <a href="/wiki/Tanga_language" title="Tanga language">Banoo</a></li> <li>A32b <a href="/wiki/Tanga_language" title="Tanga language">Bapoko</a></li> <li>A33a <a href="/wiki/Yasa_language" title="Yasa language">Yasa</a></li> <li>A33b <a href="/wiki/Kombe_language" title="Kombe language">Kombe</a></li> <li>A34 <a href="/wiki/Benga_language" title="Benga language">Benga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">A40</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>A41 <a href="/wiki/Rombi_language" title="Rombi language">Lombi</a></li> <li>A42 <a href="/wiki/Bankon_language" title="Bankon language">Bankon</a></li> <li>A43a <a href="/wiki/Basaa_language" title="Basaa language">Mbene</a></li> <li>A43b <a href="/wiki/Kogo_language" title="Kogo language">North Kogo</a></li> <li>A43c <a href="/wiki/Kogo_language" title="Kogo language">South Kogo</a></li> <li>A44 <a href="/wiki/Nen_language_(Cameroon)" title="Nen language (Cameroon)">Banen</a></li> <li>A45 <a href="/wiki/Nen_language_(Cameroon)" title="Nen language (Cameroon)">Nyokon</a></li> <li>A46 <a href="/wiki/Mandi_language" title="Mandi language">Mandi</a></li> <li>[A441 <a href="/wiki/Nen_language_(Cameroon)" title="Nen language (Cameroon)">Aling'a</a></li> <li>A461 <a href="/wiki/Tuotomb_language" title="Tuotomb language">Bonek</a></li> <li>A462 <a href="/wiki/Yambeta_language" title="Yambeta language">Yambeta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">A50</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>A51 <a href="/wiki/Fa%CA%BC_language" title="Faʼ language">Fa’</a></li> <li>A52 <a href="/wiki/Kaalong_language" title="Kaalong language">Kaalong</a></li> <li>A53 <a href="/wiki/Bafia_language_(Cameroon)" title="Bafia language (Cameroon)">Kpa</a></li> <li>A54 <a href="/wiki/Tibea_language" title="Tibea language">Ngayaba</a></li> <li>[A501 <a href="/wiki/Hijuk_language" title="Hijuk language">Hijuk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">A60</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>A61[601] <a href="/wiki/Ki_language" title="Ki language">Ngoro</a></li> <li>A62 <a href="/wiki/Central_Yambasa_language" title="Central Yambasa language">Yambasa</a></li> <li>A63 <a href="/wiki/Leti_language_(Cameroon)" title="Leti language (Cameroon)">Mangisa</a></li> <li>A64[601] <a href="/wiki/Ki_language" title="Ki language">Bacenga</a></li> <li>A65 <a href="/wiki/Bati_language_(Cameroon)" title="Bati language (Cameroon)">Bati</a></li> <li>[A621 <a href="/wiki/Baca_language" title="Baca language">Baca</a></li> <li>A622 <a href="/wiki/Gunu_language" title="Gunu language">Gunu</a></li> <li>A623 <a href="/wiki/Mbule_language" title="Mbule language">Mbule</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">A70</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>A71 <a href="/wiki/Eton_language" title="Eton language">Eton</a></li> <li>A72a <a href="/wiki/Ewondo_language" title="Ewondo language">Ewondo</a></li> <li>A72b <a href="/wiki/Ewondo_language" title="Ewondo language">Mvele</a></li> <li>A72c <a href="/wiki/Ewondo_language" title="Ewondo language">Bakja</a></li> <li>A72d <a href="/wiki/Ewondo_language" title="Ewondo language">Yangafek</a></li> <li>A73a <a href="/wiki/Bebele_language" title="Bebele language">Bëbëlë</a></li> <li>A73b <a href="/wiki/Bebil_language" title="Bebil language">Gbïgbïl</a></li> <li>A74 <a href="/wiki/Bulu_language" title="Bulu language">Bulu</a></li> <li>A75 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fang</a></li> <li>[A751 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">South-West Fang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">A80</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>A81 <a href="/wiki/Kwasio_language" title="Kwasio language">Mvumbo</a></li> <li>A82 <a href="/wiki/Swo_language" title="Swo language">So</a></li> <li>A83 <a href="/wiki/Makaa_language" title="Makaa language">Makaa</a></li> <li>A84 <a href="/wiki/Njem_language" title="Njem language">Njem</a></li> <li>A85a <a href="/wiki/Bekwil_language" title="Bekwil language">Konabem</a></li> <li>A85b <a href="/wiki/Bekwil_language" title="Bekwil language">Bekwil</a></li> <li>A86a <a href="/wiki/Mpumpong_language" title="Mpumpong language">Medjime</a></li> <li>A86b <a href="/wiki/Mpumpong_language" title="Mpumpong language">Mpompo</a></li> <li>A86c <a href="/wiki/Mpiemo_language" title="Mpiemo language">Mpiemo</a></li> <li>A87 <a href="/wiki/Bomwali_language" title="Bomwali language">Bomwali</a></li> <li>[A801 <a href="/wiki/Kwasio_language" title="Kwasio language">Gyele</a></li> <li>A802 <a href="/wiki/Ukhwejo_language" title="Ukhwejo language">Ukwedjo</a></li> <li>A803 <a href="/wiki/Shiwe_language" title="Shiwe language">Shiwe</a></li> <li>A831 <a href="/wiki/Byep_language" title="Byep language">Byep</a></li> <li>A832 <a href="/wiki/Kol_language_(Cameroon)" title="Kol language (Cameroon)">Bekol</a></li> <li>A841 <a href="/wiki/Nzime_language" title="Nzime language">Bajue</a></li> <li>A842 <a href="/wiki/Nzime_language" title="Nzime language">Koonzime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">A90</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>A91 <a href="/wiki/Kwakum_language" title="Kwakum language">Kwakum</a></li> <li>A92a <a href="/wiki/Pol_language" title="Pol language">Pol</a></li> <li>A92b <a href="/wiki/Pol_language" title="Pol language">Pomo</a></li> <li>A93 <a href="/wiki/Kako_language" title="Kako language">Kako</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zone B</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">B10</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>B11a <a href="/wiki/Myene_language" title="Myene language">Mpongwe</a></li> <li>B11b <a href="/wiki/Myene_language" title="Myene language">Rongo</a></li> <li>B11c <a href="/wiki/Myene_language" title="Myene language">Galwa</a></li> <li>B11d <a href="/wiki/Myene_language" title="Myene language">Dyumba</a></li> <li>B11e <a href="/wiki/Myene_language" title="Myene language">Nkomi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">B20</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>B21 <a href="/wiki/Seki_language" title="Seki language">Sekiyani</a></li> <li>B22a <a href="/wiki/Kele_language_(Gabon)" title="Kele language (Gabon)">West Kele</a></li> <li>B22b <a href="/wiki/Kele_language_(Gabon)" title="Kele language (Gabon)">Ngom</a></li> <li>B22c <a href="/wiki/Kele_language_(Gabon)" title="Kele language (Gabon)">Bubi</a></li> <li>B23 <a href="/wiki/Mbangwe_language" title="Mbangwe language">Mbangwe</a></li> <li>B24 <a href="/wiki/Wumbvu_language" title="Wumbvu language">Wumbvu</a></li> <li>B25 <a href="/wiki/Kota_language_(Gabon)" title="Kota language (Gabon)">Kota</a></li> <li>[B201 <a href="/wiki/Ndasa_language" title="Ndasa language">Ndasa</a></li> <li>B202 <a href="/wiki/Sighu_language" title="Sighu language">Sighu</a></li> <li>B203 <a href="/wiki/Samay_language" title="Samay language">Sama</a></li> <li>B204 <a href="/wiki/Ndambomo_language" title="Ndambomo language">Ndambomo</a></li> <li>B205 <a href="/wiki/Metombola_language" title="Metombola language">Metombola</a></li> <li>B221 <a href="/wiki/Lengue_language" title="Lengue language">Molengue</a></li> <li>B251 <a href="/wiki/Sake_language" title="Sake language">Shake</a></li> <li>B252 <a href="/wiki/Mahongwe_language" title="Mahongwe language">Mahongwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">B30</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>B31 <a href="/wiki/Tsogo_language" title="Tsogo language">Tsogo</a></li> <li>B32 <a href="/wiki/Kande_language" title="Kande language">Kande</a></li> <li>[B301 <a href="/wiki/Viya_language" title="Viya language">Viya</a></li> <li>B302 <a href="/wiki/Himba_language" title="Himba language">Himbaka</a></li> <li>B303 <a href="/wiki/Bongwe_language" title="Bongwe language">Bongwe</a></li> <li>B304 <a href="/wiki/Pinji_language" title="Pinji language">Pinzi</a></li> <li>B305 <a href="/wiki/Vove_language" title="Vove language">Vove</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">B40</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>B41 <a href="/wiki/Shira_language" title="Shira language">Sira</a></li> <li>B42 <a href="/wiki/Sangu_language_(Gabon)" title="Sangu language (Gabon)">Sangu</a></li> <li>B43 <a href="/wiki/Punu_language" title="Punu language">Punu</a></li> <li>B44 <a href="/wiki/Lumbu_language" title="Lumbu language">Lumbu</a></li> <li>[B401 <a href="/wiki/Bwisi_language" title="Bwisi language">Bwisi</a></li> <li>B402 <a href="/wiki/Barama_language" title="Barama language">Varama</a></li> <li>B403 <a href="/wiki/Vumbu_language" title="Vumbu language">Vungu</a></li> <li>B404 <a href="/wiki/Ngubi_language" title="Ngubi language">Ngubi</a></li> <li>B411 <a href="/wiki/Shira_language" title="Shira language">Bwali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">B50</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>B51 <a href="/wiki/Duma_language" title="Duma language">Duma</a></li> <li>B52 <a href="/wiki/Njebi_language" title="Njebi language">Nzebi</a></li> <li>B53 <a href="/wiki/Tsaangi_language" title="Tsaangi language">Tsaangi</a></li> <li>[B501 <a href="/wiki/Wanzi_language" title="Wanzi language">Wanzi</a></li> <li>B502 <a href="/wiki/Mwele_language" title="Mwele language">Mwele</a></li> <li>B503 <a href="/wiki/Ibhili_language" title="Ibhili language">Vili</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">B60</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>B61 <a href="/wiki/Mbere_language" title="Mbere language">Mbete</a></li> <li>B62 <a href="/wiki/Mbama_language" title="Mbama language">Mbaama</a></li> <li>B63 <a href="/wiki/Ndumu_language" title="Ndumu language">Nduumo</a></li> <li>[B602 <a href="/wiki/Kaning%27i_language" title="Kaning'i language">Kaning'i</a></li> <li>B603 <a href="/wiki/Spurious_languages#Yangho" title="Spurious languages">Yangho</a> (spurious)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">B70</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>B71a <a href="/wiki/North_Teke_language" title="North Teke language">Tege-Kali</a></li> <li>B71b <a href="/wiki/North_Teke_language" title="North Teke language">Njiningi</a></li> <li>B72a <a href="/wiki/Central_Teke_language" title="Central Teke language">Ngungwele</a></li> <li>B72b <a href="/wiki/Central_Teke_language" title="Central Teke language">Mpumpu</a></li> <li>B73a <a href="/wiki/West_Teke_language" title="West Teke language">Tsaayi</a></li> <li>B73b <a href="/wiki/West_Teke_language" title="West Teke language">Laali</a></li> <li>B73c <a href="/wiki/West_Teke_language" title="West Teke language">Yaa</a></li> <li>B73d <a href="/wiki/West_Teke_language" title="West Teke language">Kwe</a></li> <li>B74a <a href="/wiki/Central_Teke_language" title="Central Teke language">Ndzindziu</a></li> <li>B74b <a href="/wiki/Central_Teke_language" title="Central Teke language">Boma</a></li> <li>B75 <a href="/wiki/East_Teke_language" title="East Teke language">Bali</a></li> <li>B76a <a href="/wiki/East_Teke_language" title="East Teke language">Musieno</a></li> <li>B76b <a href="/wiki/East_Teke_language" title="East Teke language">Ngee</a></li> <li>B77a <a href="/wiki/Kukuya_language" title="Kukuya language">Kukwa</a></li> <li>B77b <a href="/wiki/Fuumu_language" title="Fuumu language">Fumu</a></li> <li>B78 <a href="/wiki/Fuumu_language" title="Fuumu language">Wuumu</a></li> <li>[B701 <a href="/wiki/Tsege_language" title="Tsege language">Tsitsege</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">B80</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>B81 <a href="/wiki/Tiene_language" title="Tiene language">Tiene</a></li> <li>B82 <a href="/wiki/Boma_language" title="Boma language">Boma</a></li> <li>B83 <a href="/wiki/Mfinu_language" title="Mfinu language">Mfinu</a></li> <li>B84a[84] <a href="/wiki/Mpuono_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mpuono language">Mpuon</a></li> <li>B84b[84] <a href="/wiki/Mpuono_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mpuono language">Mpuun</a></li> <li>B85a <a href="/wiki/Yansi_language" title="Yansi language">Mbiem</a></li> <li>B85b <a href="/wiki/Yansi_language" title="Yansi language">East Yans</a></li> <li>B85c <a href="/wiki/Yansi_language" title="Yansi language">Yeei</a></li> <li>B85d <a href="/wiki/Tsong_language" title="Tsong language">Ntsuo</a></li> <li>B85e <a href="/wiki/Yansi_language" title="Yansi language">Mpur</a></li> <li>B86 <a href="/wiki/Ding_language" title="Ding language">Di</a></li> <li>B87[84] <a href="/wiki/Mpuono_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mpuono language">Mbuun</a></li> <li>[B821 <a href="/wiki/Boma_language" title="Boma language">Mpe</a></li> <li>B822 <a href="/wiki/Boma_language" title="Boma language">Nunu</a></li> <li>B861 <a href="/wiki/Ding_language" title="Ding language">Ngul</a> (Ngwi)</li> <li>B862 <a href="/wiki/Ding_language" title="Ding language">Lwel</a></li> <li>B863 <a href="/wiki/Ding_language" title="Ding language">Mpiin</a></li> <li>B864 <a href="/wiki/Ding_language" title="Ding language">West Ngongo</a></li> <li>B865 <a href="/wiki/Nzadi_language" title="Nzadi language">Nzadi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicate <a href="/wiki/Language_death" title="Language death">extinct languages</a>.</li> <li>Languages between parentheses are <a href="/wiki/Variety_(linguistics)" title="Variety (linguistics)">varieties</a> of the language on their left.</li></ul> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Guthrie_classification_of_Bantu_languages" title="Guthrie classification of Bantu languages">Guthrie classification</a> is geographic and its groupings do not imply a relationship between the languages within them.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Narrow Bantu languages by Guthrie classification zone templates</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_A%E2%80%93B)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B)">Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_C%E2%80%93D)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D)">Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_E%E2%80%93H)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)">Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)</a></dd> <dd><a 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