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class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Til toppen)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Navnet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Navnet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Navnet</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Navnet-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Navnet</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Navnet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ulike_navneformer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ulike_navneformer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Ulike navneformer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ulike_navneformer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Etymologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Historie</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tidlig_historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tidlig_historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Tidlig historie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tidlig_historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Rest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tekster" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tekster"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Tekster</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tekster-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Tekster</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tekster-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Klosterdisiplinen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klosterdisiplinen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Klosterdisiplinen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klosterdisiplinen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abhidharma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abhidharma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Abhidharma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abhidharma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Noter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Noter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kilder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kilder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Kilder</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kilder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Sarvāstivāda: Forskjell mellom sideversjoner</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 27 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarvastivada" title="Sarvastivada – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sarvastivada" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarvastivada" title="Sarvastivada – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sarvastivada" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="সর্বাস্তিবাদ – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সর্বাস্তিবাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarvastivada" title="Sarvastivada – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sarvastivada" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarvastivaada" title="Sarvastivaada – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sarvastivaada" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarvastivada" title="Sarvastivada – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sarvastivada" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarvastivada" title="Sarvastivada – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sarvastivada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarvastivada" title="Sarvastivada – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sarvastivada" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87" title="سرواستیواده – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرواستیواده" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81din" title="Sarvāstivādin – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sarvāstivādin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%A4%EC%9D%BC%EC%B2%B4%EC%9C%A0%EB%B6%80" title="설일체유부 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="설일체유부" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="सर्वास्तिवाद – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सर्वास्तिवाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da" title="Sarvāstivāda – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sarvāstivāda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da" title="Sarvāstivāda – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sarvāstivāda" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Сарвастивада – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Сарвастивада" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szarv%C3%A1sztiv%C3%A1da" title="Szarvásztiváda – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szarvásztiváda" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarvastivada" title="Sarvastivada – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sarvastivada" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AA%AC%E4%B8%80%E5%88%87%E6%9C%89%E9%83%A8" title="説一切有部 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="説一切有部" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarvastivada" title="Sarvastivada – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sarvastivada" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarvastivada" title="Sarvastivada – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sarvastivada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Сарвастивада – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сарвастивада" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarv%C3%A1stiv%C3%A1da" title="Sarvástiváda – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sarvástiváda" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8C%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="சர்வாஸ்திவாத பௌத்தம் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சர்வாஸ்திவாத பௌத்தம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97" title="สรวาสติวาท – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สรวาสติวาท" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Сарвастівада – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сарвастівада" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%E1%BA%A5t_thi%E1%BA%BFt_h%E1%BB%AFu_b%E1%BB%99" title="Nhất thiết hữu bộ – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhất thiết hữu bộ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%B4%E4%B8%80%E5%88%87%E6%9C%89%E9%83%A8" title="说一切有部 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="说一切有部" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q633994#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskusjon:Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden (ikke skrevet ennå) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&oldid=24848877&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&action=edit&oldid=24848877" title="Rediger kildekoden for 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class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="nb"> <td colspan="2" class="diff-otitle diff-side-deleted"><div id="mw-diff-otitle1"><strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&oldid=24848795" title="Sarvāstivāda">Sideversjonen fra 11. des. 2024 kl. 18:18</a> <span class="mw-diff-edit"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&action=edit&oldid=24848795" title="Sarvāstivāda">rediger</a></span><span class="mw-diff-timestamp" data-timestamp="2024-12-11T17:18:02Z"></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle2"><a href="/wiki/Bruker:Ranv%C3%A6ring" class="mw-userlink" title="Bruker:Ranværing" data-mw-revid="24848795"><bdi>Ranværing</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/Brukerdiskusjon:Ranv%C3%A6ring" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Brukerdiskusjon:Ranværing">diskusjon</a> | <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bidrag/Ranv%C3%A6ring" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Spesial:Bidrag/Ranværing">bidrag</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Patruljering" title="Wikipedia:Patruljering">Autopatruljerte</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Brukere_som_kan_se_midlertidige_kontoers_IP-adresser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Brukere som kan se midlertidige kontoers IP-adresser (ikke skrevet ennå)">Brukere som kan se midlertidige kontoers IP-adresser</a></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>209 132</span> redigeringer</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle3"> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses"><span class="autocomment"><a href="#Abhidharma">→<bdi dir="ltr">Abhidharma</bdi></a></span></span></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle5"></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&diff=prev&oldid=24848795" title="Sarvāstivāda" id="differences-prevlink">← Forrige endring</a></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-ntitle diff-side-added"><div id="mw-diff-ntitle1"><strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&oldid=24848877" title="Sarvāstivāda">Sideversjonen fra 11. des. 2024 kl. 19:21</a> <span class="mw-diff-edit"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&action=edit&oldid=24848877" title="Sarvāstivāda">rediger</a></span><span class="mw-diff-timestamp" data-timestamp="2024-12-11T18:21:42Z"></span> <span class="mw-diff-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&action=edit&undoafter=24848795&undo=24848877" title="«Angre» tilbakestiller denne endringen og åpner redigeringsskjemaet i forhåndsvisningsmodus. Det tillater en å legge til en begrunnelse i redigeringsforklaringen.">omgjør</a></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle2"><a href="/wiki/Bruker:Ranv%C3%A6ring" class="mw-userlink" title="Bruker:Ranværing" data-mw-revid="24848877"><bdi>Ranværing</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/Brukerdiskusjon:Ranv%C3%A6ring" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Brukerdiskusjon:Ranværing">diskusjon</a> | <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bidrag/Ranv%C3%A6ring" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Spesial:Bidrag/Ranværing">bidrag</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Patruljering" title="Wikipedia:Patruljering">Autopatruljerte</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Brukere_som_kan_se_midlertidige_kontoers_IP-adresser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Brukere som kan se midlertidige kontoers IP-adresser (ikke skrevet ennå)">Brukere som kan se midlertidige kontoers IP-adresser</a></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>209 132</span> redigeringer</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle3"> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses"><span class="autocomment"><a href="#Abhidharma">→<bdi dir="ltr">Abhidharma</bdi></a></span></span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle5"></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&diff=next&oldid=24848877" title="Sarvāstivāda" id="differences-nextlink">Neste endring →</a></div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Linje 82:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Linje 82:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>* Dhammasangani</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>* Dhammasangani</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>* Vibhanga</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>* Vibhanga</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* [[Dhātukathā]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>* Dhatukatha</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>* [[Puggalapaññatti]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>* [[Puggalapaññatti]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>* [[Kathāvatthu]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>* [[Kathāvatthu]]</div></td> </tr>  </table><hr class='diff-hr' id='mw-oldid' /> <h2 class='diff-currentversion-title'>Sideversjonen fra 11. des. 2024 kl. 19:21</h2> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Sakya_Monastery,_Tibet,_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sakya_Monastery%2C_Tibet%2C_2006.jpg/250px-Sakya_Monastery%2C_Tibet%2C_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sakya_Monastery%2C_Tibet%2C_2006.jpg/375px-Sakya_Monastery%2C_Tibet%2C_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sakya_Monastery%2C_Tibet%2C_2006.jpg/500px-Sakya_Monastery%2C_Tibet%2C_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1248" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tibetansk_buddhisme" title="Tibetansk buddhisme">Tibetansk buddhisme</a> følger klosterdisiplinen (vinaya) til Mūlasarvāstivāda.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Sarvāstivāda</b> (<a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">sanskrit</a>; <a href="/wiki/Devan%C4%81gar%C4%AB" title="Devanāgarī">devanāgarī</a>: सर्वास्तिवाद, <a href="/wiki/Brahmiskrift" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmiskrift">brahmiskrift</a>: 𑀲𑀭𑁆𑀯𑀸𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀯𑀸𑀤) var en av <a href="/wiki/De_tidlige_buddhistiske_skolene" title="De tidlige buddhistiske skolene">de tidlige buddhistiske skolene</a>. Navnet kan oversettes med «teorien om at alt eksisterer». </p><p>Skolen oppstod omkring 250 f.Kr. under regjeringstiden til <a href="/wiki/Ashoka_den_store" title="Ashoka den store">keiser Aśoka</a>. </p><p>Det er blitt argumentert for at den var et resultat av Aśokas misjonering i <a href="/wiki/Gandhara" title="Gandhara">Gandhara</a>; dette stemmer mer overens skolens egen tradisjon om at den ble grunnlagt av Kātyāyanīputra, etter at munken <a href="/w/index.php?title=Madhyantika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madhyantika (ikke skrevet ennå)">Madhyantika</a> omvendte bystaten <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konged%C3%B8mmet_Kashmir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kongedømmet Kashmir (ikke skrevet ennå)">Kāśmīra</a>, som hadde nære bånd med Gandhara. </p><p>Store deler av skolens kanon er bevart på <a href="/wiki/Tibetansk" title="Tibetansk">tibetansk</a> og <a href="/wiki/Kinesisk" title="Kinesisk">kinesisk</a>. Skolen ble etterhvert delt i mange mindre skoler; av disse, <a href="/wiki/Mulasarvastivada" title="Mulasarvastivada">mūlasarvāstivādin</a> – som bar røde kapper, fikk stor innflytelse på <a href="/wiki/Tibetansk_buddhisme" title="Tibetansk buddhisme">tibetansk buddhisme</a> hvor <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B8dhattsekten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rødhattsekten (ikke skrevet ennå)">rødhattsekten</a> bærer røde kapper den dag idag. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Navnet">Navnet</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ulike_navneformer">Ulike navneformer</h3></div> <p>Ordet sarvāstivāda (सर्वास्तिवाद) er sanskrit og betyr «teorien om at alt eksisterer». På <a href="/wiki/Pali" title="Pali">pāli</a> er navnet <i>sabbatthivāda</i> (𑀲𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀯𑀸𑀤).<sup id="cite_ref-BuddhistDoor_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BuddhistDoor-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>På tibetansk er navnet <i>gzhi thams cad yod par smra ba las gyes pabdun</i> (གཞི་ཐམས་ཅད་ཡོད་པར་སྨྲ་བ་ལས་གྱེས་པབདུན).<sup id="cite_ref-Wisdomlib_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wisdomlib-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den vanligste navneformen på <a href="/wiki/Tradisjonell_kinesisk" title="Tradisjonell kinesisk">tradisjonell kinesisk</a> er 說一切有部. På <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a> er det <i>shuōyīqièyǒu-bù</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wisdomlib_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wisdomlib-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BuddhistDoor_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BuddhistDoor-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DDB1997_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB1997-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>På <a href="/wiki/Koreansk" title="Koreansk">koreansk</a> er navneformen 설일체유부 (<a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">hangul</a>). Den uttales <i>Seol ilche yu bu</i> på <a href="/wiki/McCune-Reischauer" title="McCune-Reischauer">McCune-Reischauer</a>. På <a href="/wiki/Revidert_romanisering_av_koreansk" title="Revidert romanisering av koreansk">revidert romanisering av koreansk</a> er uttalen <i>Sŏl ilch'e yu bu</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-DDB1997_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB1997-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>På <a href="/wiki/Japansk" title="Japansk">japansk</a> er navnet <i>setsu issai u bu</i> (<a href="/wiki/Hepburn" title="Hepburn">hepburn</a>). Det skrives セツイッサイウブ (<a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">katakana</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-DDB1997_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB1997-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>På <a href="/wiki/Vietnamesisk" title="Vietnamesisk">vietnamesisk</a> er navnet <i>Thuyết nhất thiết hữu bộ</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-DDB1997_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB1997-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>På <a href="/wiki/Thai" title="Thai">thai</a> er navnet <i>Sonwattiwat</i> (สรวาสติวาท). </p><p>Flere navn forekommer i <a href="/wiki/Den_kinesiske_buddhistiske_kanon" title="Den kinesiske buddhistiske kanon">den kinesiske buddhistiske kanon</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-DDB2015_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB2015-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i>ālíyémùluó sàpóxīdǐpótuō</i> (阿離耶暮攞薩婆悉底婆拖), som er en <a href="/wiki/Transkripsjon_(spr%C3%A5kvitenskap)" title="Transkripsjon (språkvitenskap)">transkripsjon</a> av <i>ārya mula-sarvāstivāda</i><sup id="cite_ref-DDB2015_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB2015-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>shuō yīqiè yǒu</i> (說一切有), som er en forkortelse.<sup id="cite_ref-DDB2015_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB2015-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>sàwèi</i> (薩衞)<sup id="cite_ref-DDB2015_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB2015-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>sàpódìpó</i> (薩婆帝婆), <i>sàbōduō</i> (薩波多), <i>sàpóduō</i> (薩婆多), <i>sàpóduō bù</i> (薩婆多部), <i>sàpóduō zōng</i> (薩婆多宗), <i>sàpóāsīdǐpótuō</i> (薩婆阿私底婆拖) og <i>sàpóāsīdǐpódì</i> (薩婆阿私底婆地)<sup id="cite_ref-DDB2015_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB2015-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>yǒu bù</i> (有部), <i>yǒuzōng</i> (有宗) og <i>yǒubù zōng</i> (有部宗)<sup id="cite_ref-DDB2015_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB2015-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>shuōyīn bù</i> (說因部), som er en oversettelse av <i>hetuvādinaḥ</i><sup id="cite_ref-DDB2015_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB2015-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>duōbù</i> (多部)<sup id="cite_ref-DDB2015_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB2015-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>yīqiè yǒu</i> (一切有), <i>yīqiè yǒu bù</i> (一切有部) og <i>yīqiè yǔyán bù</i> (一切語言部)<sup id="cite_ref-DDB2015_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB2015-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymologi">Etymologi</h3></div> <p>Det finnes ulike tolkninger av navnet. Den generelle konsensus er at det består av de tre delene <i>sarva</i> «alt» + <i>asti</i> «eksisterer» + <i>vāda</i> «vei», «tale», «lære» eller «teori».<sup id="cite_ref-BuddhistDoor_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BuddhistDoor-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I det 4. eller 5. århundre e.Kr. skrev den indiske <a href="/wiki/Yogachara" class="mw-redirect" title="Yogachara">yogācāra</a>-filosofen <a href="/wiki/Vasubandhu" title="Vasubandhu">Vasubandhu</a> avhandlingen <i> Abhidharmakośakārikā</i> (Toh. 4089) og kommentaren <i><a href="/wiki/Abhidharmako%C5%9Babh%C4%81%E1%B9%A3ya" title="Abhidharmakośabhāṣya">Abhidharmakośabhāṣya</a></i> (AKS, Toh. 4090). På side 25c-d av AKS heter det at:<sup id="cite_ref-PTG_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PTG-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22146855">@media only screen and (min-width:840px){.mw-parser-output .aligned-right{float:right;width:20em;margin:0.5em 0 2.2em 1em;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .aligned-left{float:left;width:20em;padding-left:0em;border-left:none;border-right:solid 0.3em #eee;clear:left}}@media all{.mw-parser-output .quoted{text-align:right;font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .textbox-heading{font-weight:bold;line-height:2}}.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output>dl:first-child dd{margin-left:0;margin-right:0;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;border-left:0.4em solid green;border-right:1px solid silver}.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output>dl:first-child dd:first-child{margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0.5em;border-top:1px solid silver}.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output>dl:first-child dd:last-child{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0.5em;border-bottom:1px solid silver}.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output>dl:first-child dd+dd{padding-top:0.5em}</style> <blockquote class="" style=""><p><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/17px-Laquote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/26px-Laquote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/34px-Laquote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span>Den som hevder eksistensen til <a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">dharmaene</a> i de tre tidsperiodene [fortid, nåtid og fremtid] blir ansett å være en <i>sarvāstivādin</i>.<span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/17px-Raquote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/26px-Raquote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/34px-Raquote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span> </p><div class="quoted"><sup id="cite_ref-PTG_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PTG-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div> </blockquote> <p>Dette stemmer også overens med den kinesiske betegnelsen <i>shuōyīqièyǒu-bù</i> (說一切有部) som betyr «sekten som hevder at alle ting eksisterer» eller «eksistens-sekten». Dette var en benevnelse som ble benyttet av <a href="/wiki/Xuanzang" title="Xuanzang">Xuánzàng</a> (玄奘, 602–664), da han i årene 656–659 e. Kr oversatte <i><a href="/wiki/Abhidharma_mah%C4%81vibh%C4%81%E1%B9%A3a%C5%9B%C4%81stra" title="Abhidharma mahāvibhāṣaśāstra">Abhidharma mahāvibhāṣaśāstra</a></i> til kinesisk.<sup id="cite_ref-Wittern_1545_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wittern_1545-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sarvāstivāda var også kjent som <i>hetuvāda</i> (हेतुवाद) og <i>hetuvādinaḥ</i>, på kinesisk <i>shuōyīn bù</i> (說因部). <i>Hetu</i> (हेतु) betyr «årsaker». Dette indikerer at skolen la vekt på kausalitet og betingelser.<sup id="cite_ref-Wisdomlib2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wisdomlib2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Skolen ble også noen ganger omtalt som <i>yuktivāda</i> (युक्तिवाद). Dette navnet er avledet av <i>yukti</i>, som betyr «fornuft» eller «logikk». Dette viser til deres bruk av rasjonelle argumenter og <a href="/wiki/Syllogisme" title="Syllogisme">syllogismer</a> (to premisser og en konklusjon). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tidlig_historie">Tidlig historie</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22146855"> <blockquote class="" style=""><p><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/17px-Laquote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/26px-Laquote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/34px-Laquote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span>Det er mye mystikk rundt fremveksten og den tidlige utviklingen av sarvāstivādin-skolen.<span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/17px-Raquote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/26px-Raquote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/34px-Raquote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span> </p><div class="quoted">Charles Prebish (1975)<sup id="cite_ref-Prebish42_432_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prebish42_432-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div> </blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Therav%C4%81da" title="Theravāda">Theravādamunken</a> <a href="/wiki/K._L._Dhammajoti" title="K. L. Dhammajoti">K. L. Dhammajoti</a> (f. 1949), som hadde spesialisert seg på sarvāstivādaskolens abhidharma, skrev:<sup id="cite_ref-Dhammajoti_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dhammajoti-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22146855"> <blockquote class="" style=""><p><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/17px-Laquote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/26px-Laquote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/34px-Laquote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span>Dens tilstedeværelse, så vel som eksistensen av dens rival — <i><a href="/wiki/Vibhajyav%C4%81da" title="Vibhajyavāda">vibhajyavāda</a></i>-linjen — på <a href="/wiki/Ashoka_den_store" title="Ashoka den store">keiser Aśokas</a> tid, er hevet over enhver tvil. Siden Aśokas regjeringstid er omkring 268–232 f. Kr., betyr dette at siden i hvert fall midten av det 3. århundre f. Kr. hadde den allerede utviklet seg som en egen skole.<span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/17px-Raquote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/26px-Raquote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/34px-Raquote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span> </p><div class="quoted"> <sup id="cite_ref-Dhammajoti_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dhammajoti-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div> </blockquote> <p>Det har vært spekulert i om sarvāstivāda var kjettere som ble utvist fra det opprinnelige buddhistiske klosterfellesskapet (<i><a href="/wiki/Sthavirav%C4%81da" title="Sthaviravāda">sthaviravāda</a></i>) under <a href="/wiki/Det_tredje_buddhistiske_konsil" title="Det tredje buddhistiske konsil">det tredje buddhistiske konsil</a> omkring året 250 f.Kr. Ifølge denne tradisjonen ble skolen utvist fra oldtidsriket <a href="/wiki/Magadha" title="Magadha">Magadha</a> og flyttet deretter til det nordvestlige India.<sup id="cite_ref-Kaluphana_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kaluphana-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Grunnleggeren av skolen var ifølge skolen selv en viss Rahula (羅怙羅, <i>Luóhùluó</i>) eller Mahākātyāyanīputra (迦多衍尼子, <i>Jiāduōyǎnnízí</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rest">Rest</h3></div> <p>One of the 'twenty schools' 小乘二十部 of Indian Buddhism. The adherents of this school were known for their belief in the inherent existence of dharmas 法. They analyzed these dharmas (phenomena) into five groups, including seventy-five distinct dharmas 七十五法. Most of its doctrines are defined in the Abhidharmakośa-bhāṣya, and many of them would also be included, in modified form, in the doctrine of Yogâcāra 瑜伽行派. </p><p>The Abhidharmakośa generally also has Sautrāntika influences. </p><p>Sarvâstivāda is said to have later divided into the seven schools of: Mūlasarvâstivāda 一切有根本部; Kāśyapīya 迦葉毘維, also known as Suvarṣakāḥ 蘇跋梨柯部; Dharmagupta 法藏部/法護部; Mahīśāsaka 彌沙塞部/正地部; Tāmraṣāṭīyāḥ, Vibhajyavādinaḥ 分別說部 and Bahuśrutīya 婆收婁多柯/多聞部. This school flourished in India for many centuries and its doctrines were widely studied in China, Korea, and Japan. Its Vinaya texts, the Ten Recitations Vinaya 十誦律 (T 1435), were also influential. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tekster">Tekster</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klosterdisiplinen">Klosterdisiplinen</h3></div> <p><b>Sarvāstivādavinaya</b> (षर्व्स्तिव्दविनय) er navnet på de regler og lover (<a href="/wiki/Vinaya" title="Vinaya">vinaya</a>) som eksisterte innenfor klosterfellesskapet (<a href="/wiki/Sangha" title="Sangha">sangha</a>) til sarvāstivāda. Det er også navnet på en tekstsamling som tilsvarer <a href="/wiki/Vinaya_pitaka" title="Vinaya pitaka">vinaya pitaka</a> i <a href="/wiki/Palikanonen" title="Palikanonen">pālikanonen</a> til <a href="/wiki/Therav%C4%81da" title="Theravāda">Theravādaskolen</a>. Denne tekstsamlingen er bare blitt bevart i <a href="/wiki/Den_kinesiske_buddhistiske_kanon" title="Den kinesiske buddhistiske kanon">den kinesiske buddhistiske kanon</a> i form av en oversettelse som ble påbegynt av <a href="/wiki/Kum%C4%81raj%C4%ABva" title="Kumārajīva">Kumārajīva</a> i årene 404–405 e.Kr. og som avsluttet av Vimalākşa like etter år 409. e.Kr. Den kinesiske oversettelsen bærer tittelen 十誦律 (shí sòng lǜ) og består av 61 bokruller.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sarvāstivāda hadde sin utbredelse i det nordlige <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, i det nordvestlige India og i <a href="/wiki/Sentral-Asia" title="Sentral-Asia">Sentral-Asia</a>. </p><p>Klosterreglene til denne skolen ble også praktisert i området omkring <a href="/wiki/Yangtze" title="Yangtze">Yangtze</a> i <a href="/wiki/Kina" title="Kina">Kina</a>, og lenger sør. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abhidharma">Abhidharma</h3></div> <p>Sarvāstivādaskolen hadde sine egne <a href="/wiki/Abhidharma" title="Abhidharma">abhidharmatekster</a>. De syv bøkene med <i>Abhidhamma</i> i <a href="/wiki/Abhidhamma_pitaka" title="Abhidhamma pitaka">Abhidhamma pitaka</a> til <a href="/wiki/Therav%C4%81da" title="Theravāda">theravāda</a> er:<sup id="cite_ref-Varma_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Varma-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Dhammasangani</li> <li>Vibhanga</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dh%C4%81tukath%C4%81" title="Dhātukathā">Dhātukathā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puggalapa%C3%B1%C3%B1atti" title="Puggalapaññatti">Puggalapaññatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kath%C4%81vatthu" title="Kathāvatthu">Kathāvatthu</a></li> <li>Yamaka</li> <li>Patthana</li></ul> <p>De syv tekstene til sarvāstivā er:<sup id="cite_ref-Varma_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Varma-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sang%C4%ABtipary%C4%81ya" title="Sangītiparyāya">Sangītiparyāyapāda</a> («å resitere sammen»), skrevet av Śāriputra eller Mahākauṣṭhila (T. 1536)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharmaskandha" title="Dharmaskandha">Dharmaskandha</a> («samling av dharmaer»), skrevet av Maudgalyāyana eller Śāriputra (T. 1537)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dh%C4%81tuk%C4%81yapatha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dhātukāyapatha (ikke skrevet ennå)">Dhātukāyapatha</a> («grupper av elementer»), skrevet av Vasumitra eller Pūruṇa (T. 1540)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81pti%C5%9B%C4%81stra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prajñāptiśāstra (ikke skrevet ennå)">Prajñāptiśāstra</a> («avhandling om benevnelser»), skrevet av Mahākātyāyana (T. 1538)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vij%C3%B1%C4%81nak%C4%81ya" title="Vijñānakāya">Vijñānakāya</a> («kroppen av bevissthet»), skrevet av Devaśarman (T. 1539)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prakara%E1%B9%87ap%C4%81da%C5%9B%C4%81stra" title="Prakaraṇapādaśāstra">Prakaraṇapādaśāstra</a> («eksponering»), skrevet av Vasumitra (T. 1541–T. 1542)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B1%C4%81naprasth%C4%81na%C5%9B%C4%81stra" title="Jñānaprasthānaśāstra">Jñānaprasthānaśāstra</a> («grunnlaget for kunnskap») (T. 1543–T.1544)</li></ul> <p>I <a href="/wiki/Kinesisk_buddhisme" title="Kinesisk buddhisme">kinesisk buddhisme</a> kalles dette for «syv avhandlinger» (七論, <i>qīlùn</i>). De seks første er seks <i>ṣaḍpāda śāstras</i> (六足論, <i>Liù zúlùn</i>), også omtalt som <i>Liù fēn āpítán</i> (六分阿毘曇).<sup id="cite_ref-DDB2003_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB2003-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Jñānaprasthâna</i> (den syvende) etterfølger dem alle i relativ kronologi. Den inntar den viktigste plassen, mens de andre seks er supplementer til den. I årene 800–812 sammenlignet Yaśomitra (稱友, <i>Chēngyǒu</i>) <i>Jñānaprasthâna</i> med kroppen til et vesen, mens de andre seks var dens føtter <i>(pādas)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-DDB2003_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDB2003-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-yasomitra_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yasomitra-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tekstene er oppsummert i ovenstående kronologiske orden av Willemen et. al (1998). <sup id="cite_ref-Willemen1998_160_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Willemen1998_160-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-Willemen1998_171_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Willemen1998_171-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Den <a href="/wiki/%C3%98sterrike" title="Østerrike">østerrikske</a> <a href="/wiki/Filolog" class="mw-redirect" title="Filolog">filologen</a> <a href="/wiki/Erich_Frauwallner" title="Erich Frauwallner">Erich Frauwallner</a> (1898–1974) var uenig i plasseringen av tekst nr 4 og 5.<sup id="cite_ref-Frauwallner1996_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frauwallner1996-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Noter">Noter</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18775549">.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-lower-alpha+ol li{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-upper-alpha+ol li{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-lower-roman+ol li{list-style-type:lower-roman}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-upper-roman+ol li{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-decimal+ol li{list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-lower-alpha+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:lower-alpha!important}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-upper-alpha+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:upper-alpha!important}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-lower-roman+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:lower-roman!important}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-upper-roman+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:upper-roman!important}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-decimal+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:decimal!important}</style><div class="ve-conditional-display-block following-list-style-type-lower-alpha"><b>Type nummerering</b></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-yasomitra-15"><b><a href="#cite_ref-yasomitra_15-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Yaśomitra (稱友, <i>Chēngyǒu</i>) var en indisk lærd innenfor <a href="/wiki/Abhidharma" title="Abhidharma">abhidharma</a>, som virket i tidsrommet 800–812 e.Kr. Han er forfatteren av <i>Sphuṭārthā Abhidharmakośavyākhyā</i>, også kalt <i>Abhidharmakośaṭīkā</i>. Den tibetanske tittelen er <i>chos mngon pa’i mdzod kyi ’grel bshad</i> (ཆོས་མངོན་པའི་མཛོད་ཀྱི་འགྲེལ་བཤད།). Den er bare er bevart på sanskrit og på tibetansk. Den har katalognr Peking no. 5593.<sup id="cite_ref-Wogihara_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wogihara-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BuddhistDoor-1"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-BuddhistDoor_1-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuddhistDoor_1-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuddhistDoor_1-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#BuddhistDoor">BuddhistDoor</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wisdomlib-2"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Wisdomlib_2-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wisdomlib_2-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Wisdomlib">Wisdomlib 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DDB1997-3"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB1997_3-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB1997_3-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB1997_3-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB1997_3-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#DDB1997">DDB 1997</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DDB2015-4"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB2015_4-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB2015_4-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB2015_4-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB2015_4-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB2015_4-4"><sup>e</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB2015_4-5"><sup>f</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB2015_4-6"><sup>g</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB2015_4-7"><sup>h</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB2015_4-8"><sup>i</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#DDB2015">DDB 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PTG-5"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-PTG_5-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PTG_5-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#PTG">Padmakara Translation Group</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wittern_1545-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wittern_1545_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Wittern_1545">Taishō Shinshu Daizokyo</a>, bind 27, tekst nr 1545</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wisdomlib2-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wisdomlib2_7-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Wisdomlib2">Wisdomlib 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Prebish42_432-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Prebish42_432_8-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Prebish42_43">Prebish</a>, side 42-43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dhammajoti-9"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Dhammajoti_9-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dhammajoti_9-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Dhammajoti">Dhammajoti</a>, side 55</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kaluphana-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kaluphana_10-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Kaluphana">Kaluphana 1975</a>, side 42-43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Taishō Shinshū Daizokyō, bind 23, tekt nr 1435</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Varma-12"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Varma_12-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Varma_12-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Varma">Varma</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DDB2003-13"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB2003_13-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DDB2003_13-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#DDB2003">DDB 2003</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wogihara-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wogihara_14-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Wogihara">Wogihara 1932-1936</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Willemen1998_160-16"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Willemen1998_160_16-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Willemen1998">Willemen 1998</a>, side 160-229</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Willemen1998_171-17"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Willemen1998_171_17-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Willemen1998">Willemen 1998</a>, side 171-175</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Frauwallner1996-18"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Frauwallner1996_18-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Frauwallner1996">Frauwallner 1996</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kilder">Kilder</h2></div> <ul><li><cite id="BuddhistDoor" class="citation book">BuddhistDoor. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.buddhistdoor.net/dictionary/details/sarvastivada"><i>sarvāstivāda</i></a>. Buddhist Door, buddhistdoor.net.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.au=BuddhistDoor&rft.btitle=sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Buddhist+Door%2C+buddhistdoor.net&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.buddhistdoor.net%2Fdictionary%2Fdetails%2Fsarvastivada&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Dhammajoti" class="citation book">Dhammajoti, Kuala Lumpur (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.no/books/about/Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da_Abhidharma.html?id=QJLoMAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y"><i>Sarvastivada Abhidharma, 3. utgave</i></a>. Kyoto: Centre of Buddhist Studies, The University of Hong Kong. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9789889929619" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/9789889929619">9789889929619</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://hdl.handle.net/10722/117674">http://hdl.handle.net/10722/117674</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.au=Dhammajoti%2C+Kuala+Lumpur&rft.btitle=Sarvastivada+Abhidharma%2C+3.+utgave&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9789889929619&rft.pub=Kyoto%3A+Centre+of+Buddhist+Studies%2C+The+University+of+Hong+Kong.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.no%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FSarv%25C4%2581stiv%25C4%2581da_Abhidharma.html%3Fid%3DQJLoMAAACAAJ%26redir_esc%3Dy&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="DDB2003" class="citation book">Digital Dictionary of Buddhism (16. mars 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.buddhism-dict.net/cgi-bin/xpr-ddb.pl?51.xml+id(%27b516d-8db3-8ad6%27)"><i>六足論 Basic Meaning: six treatises of the Sarvâstivāda school</i></a>. Digital Dictionary of Buddhism, buddhism-dict.net, oppdatert 30. januar 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.au=Digital+Dictionary+of+Buddhism&rft.btitle=%E5%85%AD%E8%B6%B3%E8%AB%96+Basic+Meaning%3A+six+treatises+of+the+Sarv%C3%A2stiv%C4%81da+school&rft.date=2003-03-16&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Digital+Dictionary+of+Buddhism%2C+buddhism-dict.net%2C+oppdatert+30.+januar+2021&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buddhism-dict.net%2Fcgi-bin%2Fxpr-ddb.pl%3F51.xml%2Bid%28%2527b516d-8db3-8ad6%2527%29&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="DDB1997" class="citation book">Digital Dictionary of Buddhism (1. november 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.buddhism-dict.net/cgi-bin/xpr-ddb.pl?8a.xml+id(%27b8aaa-4e00-5207-6709-90e8%27)"><i>說一切有部 Basic Meaning: Sarvâstivāda school</i></a>. Digital Dictionary of Buddhism, buddhism-dict.net, oppdatert 30. april 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.au=Digital+Dictionary+of+Buddhism&rft.btitle=%E8%AA%AA%E4%B8%80%E5%88%87%E6%9C%89%E9%83%A8+Basic+Meaning%3A+Sarv%C3%A2stiv%C4%81da+school&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Digital+Dictionary+of+Buddhism%2C+buddhism-dict.net%2C+oppdatert+30.+april+2020&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buddhism-dict.net%2Fcgi-bin%2Fxpr-ddb.pl%3F8a.xml%2Bid%28%2527b8aaa-4e00-5207-6709-90e8%2527%29&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="DDB2015" class="citation book">Digital Dictionary of Buddhism (4. august 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.buddhism-dict.net/ddb/indexes/school-ind.html"><i>Digital Dictionary of Buddhism: Indian School Names Index [updated: 8/4/2015]</i></a>. Digital Dictionary of Buddhism, buddhism-dict.net.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.au=Digital+Dictionary+of+Buddhism&rft.btitle=Digital+Dictionary+of+Buddhism%3A+Indian+School+Names+Index+%5Bupdated%3A+8%2F4%2F2015%5D&rft.date=2015-08-04&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Digital+Dictionary+of+Buddhism%2C+buddhism-dict.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buddhism-dict.net%2Fddb%2Findexes%2Fschool-ind.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Kaluphana" class="citation book">Kalupahana, David J. (12. desember 1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GOYGAAAAYAAJ"><i>Causality: The Central Philosophy of Buddhism</i></a>. University Press of Hawaii. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0-8248-0298-1" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0-8248-0298-1">978-0-8248-0298-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.aufirst=David+J.&rft.aulast=Kalupahana&rft.btitle=Causality%3A+The+Central+Philosophy+of+Buddhism&rft.date=1975-12-12&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8248-0298-1&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Hawaii&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGOYGAAAAYAAJ&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Varma" class="citation book">Varma, C. B. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ignca.gov.in/coilnet/jatak082.htm"><i>082 - The Buddha's Teaching of Abhidhamma / बुद्ध की अभिधर्म-देशना</i></a>. The Illustrated Jataka : Other Stories of the Buddha.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.au=Varma%2C+C.+B.&rft.btitle=082+-+The+Buddha%27s+Teaching+of+Abhidhamma+%2F+++%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7+%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=The+Illustrated+Jataka+%3A+Other+Stories+of+the+Buddha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fignca.gov.in%2Fcoilnet%2Fjatak082.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Frauwallner1996" class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Erich_Frauwallner" title="Erich Frauwallner">Frauwallner, Erich</a> (10. januar 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Studies-Abhidharma-Literature-Buddhist-Philosophical/dp/0791427005"><i>Studies in Abhidharma Literature and the Origins of Buddhist Philosophical Systems (Suny Series in Indian Thought: Texts and Studies)</i></a>. State University of New York Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0791427005" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/0791427005">0791427005</a>. ISBN ‎978-0791427002.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.au=Frauwallner%2C+Erich&rft.btitle=Studies+in+Abhidharma+Literature+and+the+Origins+of+Buddhist+Philosophical+Systems+%28Suny+Series+in+Indian+Thought%3A+Texts+and+Studies%29&rft.date=1996-01-10&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0791427005&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FStudies-Abhidharma-Literature-Buddhist-Philosophical%2Fdp%2F0791427005&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="PTG" class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Padmakara_Translation_Group" title="Padmakara Translation Group">Padmakara Translation Group</a> (2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://84000.co/canon-sections/abhidharma"><i>Abhidharma མངོན་པ།</i></a>. ,besøkt 9. desember 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.au=Padmakara+Translation+Group&rft.btitle=Abhidharma+%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8D&rft.date=2024&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=%2Cbes%C3%B8kt+9.+desember+2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F84000.co%2Fcanon-sections%2Fabhidharma&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Prebish42_43" class="citation book">Prebish, Charles S. (1. juli 1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Buddhism-Perspective-Charles-S-Prebish/dp/0271011858/ref=mp_s_a_1_2?dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.Ja1l-SbVxxjAlxrtR8FwPGDARWVLwDTA8YQGS_FX7-o.b6HPYJ9hnYYqru3oTUf2tpkwpwr7e53DclywFcWBdRU&dib_tag=se&keywords=0271011955&qid=1733779568&sr=8-2"><i>Buddhism: A Modern Perspective</i></a>. Penn State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0-271-01195-5" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/0-271-01195-5">0-271-01195-5</a>. <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0271011858" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0 271 01185 8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.au=Prebish%2C+Charles+S.&rft.btitle=Buddhism%3A+A+Modern+Perspective&rft.date=1975-07-01&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-271-01195-5&rft.pub=Penn+State+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FBuddhism-Perspective-Charles-S-Prebish%2Fdp%2F0271011858%2Fref%3Dmp_s_a_1_2%3Fdib%3DeyJ2IjoiMSJ9.Ja1l-SbVxxjAlxrtR8FwPGDARWVLwDTA8YQGS_FX7-o.b6HPYJ9hnYYqru3oTUf2tpkwpwr7e53DclywFcWBdRU%26dib_tag%3Dse%26keywords%3D0271011955%26qid%3D1733779568%26sr%3D8-2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Willemen1998" class="citation book">Willemen, Charles, Dessein, Bart og Cox, Collett (1. desember 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/display/title/2529"><i>Sarvâstivāda Buddhist Scholasticism</i></a>. Leiden: Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/978-90-04-10231-6" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/978-90-04-10231-6">978-90-04-10231-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.au=Willemen%2C+Charles%2C+Dessein%2C+Bart+og+Cox%2C+Collett&rft.btitle=Sarv%C3%A2stiv%C4%81da+Buddhist+Scholasticism&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-90-04-10231-6&rft.pub=Leiden%3A+Brill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fdisplay%2Ftitle%2F2529&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="Wittern_1545" class="citation book">Wittern, Christian (2. desember 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kanji.zinbun.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~wittern/can/can4/t27/t27n1545.htm"><i>T27N1545 阿毘達磨大毘婆沙論 a1 pi2 da2 mo2 da4 pi2 po2 sha1 lun4 あびだつまだいびばしゃろん</i></a>. WWW Database of Chinese Buddhist texts, versjon 2A.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.au=Wittern%2C+Christian&rft.btitle=T27N1545+%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%98%E9%81%94%E7%A3%A8%E5%A4%A7%E6%AF%98%E5%A9%86%E6%B2%99%E8%AB%96+a1+pi2+da2+mo2+da4+pi2+po2+sha1+lun4+%E3%81%82%E3%81%B3%E3%81%A0%E3%81%A4%E3%81%BE%E3%81%A0%E3%81%84%E3%81%B3%E3%81%B0%E3%81%97%E3%82%83%E3%82%8D%E3%82%93&rft.date=2002-12-02&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=WWW+Database+of+Chinese+Buddhist+texts%2C+versjon+2A&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kanji.zinbun.kyoto-u.ac.jp%2F~wittern%2Fcan%2Fcan4%2Ft27%2Ft27n1545.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Wogihara" class="citation book">Wogihara, Unrai (1932–1936). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de/gretil/corpustei/transformations/html/sa_yazomitra-sphuTArthA-abhidharmakozavyAkhyA.htm"><i>Sphuṭārthā Abhidharmakośavyākhyā by Yaśomitra</i></a>. Tokyo.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.au=Wogihara%2C+Unrai&rft.btitle=Sphu%E1%B9%AD%C4%81rth%C4%81+Abhidharmako%C5%9Bavy%C4%81khy%C4%81+by+Ya%C5%9Bomitra&rft.date=1932%2F1936&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Tokyo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de%2Fgretil%2Fcorpustei%2Ftransformations%2Fhtml%2Fsa_yazomitra-sphuTArthA-abhidharmakozavyAkhyA.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Datoformat (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Datoformat" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Datoformat">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="Wisdomlib" class="citation book">Wisdomlib (11. august 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/hetuvada"><i>Hetuvada, Hetuvāda, Hetu-vada: 12 definitions</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.au=Wisdomlib&rft.btitle=Hetuvada%2C+Hetuv%C4%81da%2C+Hetu-vada%3A+12+definitions&rft.date=2024-08-11&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wisdomlib.org%2Fdefinition%2Fhetuvada&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Wisdomlib-2" class="citation book">Wisdomlib (24. oktober 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/sarvastivada"><i>Sarvastivada, Sarvāstivāda, Sarvasti-vada: 11 definitions</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da&rft.au=Wisdomlib&rft.btitle=Sarvastivada%2C+Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da%2C+Sarvasti-vada%3A+11+definitions&rft.date=2024-10-24&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wisdomlib.org%2Fdefinition%2Fsarvastivada&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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