CINXE.COM

Tito Mboweni - Academia.edu

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Tito Mboweni - Academia.edu</title> <!-- _ _ _ | | (_) | | __ _ ___ __ _ __| | ___ _ __ ___ _ __ _ ___ __| |_ _ / _` |/ __/ _` |/ _` |/ _ \ '_ ` _ \| |/ _` | / _ \/ _` | | | | | (_| | (_| (_| | (_| | __/ | | | | | | (_| || __/ (_| | |_| | \__,_|\___\__,_|\__,_|\___|_| |_| |_|_|\__,_(_)___|\__,_|\__,_| We're hiring! See https://www.academia.edu/hiring --> <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "profiles/works", 'action': "summary", 'controller_action': 'profiles/works#summary', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="ZkG6eV1prpejbbTGFTUkfWr/peP0/j2GBqpNCS6gIoOmzTKC36Yj272bbc+7KzlP9fvZFeCfWUgafB7FJZY4zA==" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow-77f7b87cb1583fc59aa8f94756ebfe913345937eb932042b4077563bebb5fb4b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/social/home-9e8218e1301001388038e3fc3427ed00d079a4760ff7745d1ec1b2d59103170a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/heading-b2b823dd904da60a48fd1bfa1defd840610c2ff414d3f39ed3af46277ab8df3b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&amp;family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&amp;family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&amp;family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&amp;display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-10fa40af19d25203774df2d4a03b9b5771b45109c2304968038e88a81d1215c5.css" /> <meta name="author" content="tito mboweni" /> <meta name="description" content="Tito Mboweni: 11 Followers, 3 Following, 5 Research papers. Research interests: Southern African History, History of Mozambique, and Singularity." /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'works'; var $action_name = "summary"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '9387f500ddcbb8d05c67bef28a2fe0334f1aafb8'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":15267,"monthly_visitors":"113 million","monthly_visitor_count":113692424,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":113,"user_count":277728763,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1733037086000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1733037086000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script> <![endif]--> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-bdb9e8c097f01e611f2fc5e2f1a9dc599beede975e2ae5629983543a1726e947.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-3e572e3b706c3ed2ec5b2c1cb44a411fadc81f62a97963cb7bd9c327a0a9d5f2.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-2e8d3f30eaaddd1debd6ce4630b3453b23a23c91ac7c823ddf8822879835b029.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni" /> </head> <!--[if gte IE 9 ]> <body class='ie ie9 c-profiles/works a-summary logged_out'> <![endif]--> <!--[if !(IE) ]><!--> <body class='c-profiles/works a-summary logged_out'> <!--<![endif]--> <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root"> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <!-- Event listeners for analytics --> <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&amp;c2=26766707&amp;cv=2.0&amp;cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="&#x2713;" autocomplete="off" /><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/@academia">Blog</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i>&nbsp;We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i>&nbsp;Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/profile.wjs-bundle-ae3d0ee232cd83d11499343688b0160a3c7db15e95cb2d0844cae78d49ea53f1.js" defer="defer"></script><script>Aedu.rankings = { showPaperRankingsLink: false } $viewedUser = Aedu.User.set_viewed( {"id":97439472,"first_name":"Tito","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mboweni","page_name":"TitoMboweni","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-11-15T21:09:47.632-08:00","display_name":"Tito Mboweni","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/97439472/21715749/21034173/s65_tito.mboweni.jpeg","has_photo":true,"is_analytics_public":false,"interests":[{"id":92570,"name":"Southern African History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southern_African_History"},{"id":305834,"name":"History of Mozambique","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Mozambique"},{"id":57413,"name":"Singularity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Singularity"},{"id":889,"name":"Non-Conceptual Content","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non-Conceptual_Content"},{"id":149735,"name":"Attraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Attraction"}]} ); if ($a.is_logged_in() && $viewedUser.is_current_user()) { $('body').addClass('profile-viewed-by-owner'); } $socialProfiles = []</script><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{&quot;inMailer&quot;:false,&quot;i18nLocale&quot;:&quot;en&quot;,&quot;i18nDefaultLocale&quot;:&quot;en&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni&quot;,&quot;location&quot;:&quot;/TitoMboweni&quot;,&quot;scheme&quot;:&quot;https&quot;,&quot;host&quot;:&quot;independent.academia.edu&quot;,&quot;port&quot;:null,&quot;pathname&quot;:&quot;/TitoMboweni&quot;,&quot;search&quot;:null,&quot;httpAcceptLanguage&quot;:null,&quot;serverSide&quot;:false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate" data-props="{}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-99182884-1cdd-4c52-8920-82ae82826516"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-99182884-1cdd-4c52-8920-82ae82826516"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Tito Mboweni" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != &#39;//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png&#39;) this.src = &#39;//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png&#39;;" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/97439472/21715749/21034173/s200_tito.mboweni.jpeg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Tito Mboweni</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Tito" data-follow-user-id="97439472" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="97439472"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">11</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">3</p></div></a><a href="/TitoMboweni/mentions"><div class="stat-container"><p class="label">Mentions</p><p class="data">37</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;">Policy maker<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="97439472" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southern_African_History"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{&quot;inMailer&quot;:false,&quot;i18nLocale&quot;:&quot;en&quot;,&quot;i18nDefaultLocale&quot;:&quot;en&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni&quot;,&quot;location&quot;:&quot;/TitoMboweni&quot;,&quot;scheme&quot;:&quot;https&quot;,&quot;host&quot;:&quot;independent.academia.edu&quot;,&quot;port&quot;:null,&quot;pathname&quot;:&quot;/TitoMboweni&quot;,&quot;search&quot;:null,&quot;httpAcceptLanguage&quot;:null,&quot;serverSide&quot;:false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{&quot;color&quot;:&quot;gray&quot;,&quot;children&quot;:[&quot;Southern African History&quot;]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-71077750-7775-489c-b72c-8fed9cfbddbb"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-71077750-7775-489c-b72c-8fed9cfbddbb"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="97439472" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Mozambique"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{&quot;color&quot;:&quot;gray&quot;,&quot;children&quot;:[&quot;History of Mozambique&quot;]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-7c17a700-90ac-4872-a7ab-3e9452288eb1"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-7c17a700-90ac-4872-a7ab-3e9452288eb1"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="97439472" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Singularity"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{&quot;color&quot;:&quot;gray&quot;,&quot;children&quot;:[&quot;Singularity&quot;]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-95c2a9b7-996d-4dbc-9745-4314b3c3df85"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-95c2a9b7-996d-4dbc-9745-4314b3c3df85"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="97439472" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non-Conceptual_Content"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{&quot;color&quot;:&quot;gray&quot;,&quot;children&quot;:[&quot;Non-Conceptual Content&quot;]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-241c4b57-de7e-4951-a582-9b4235d1882f"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-241c4b57-de7e-4951-a582-9b4235d1882f"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="97439472" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Attraction"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{&quot;color&quot;:&quot;gray&quot;,&quot;children&quot;:[&quot;Attraction&quot;]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-d3214484-3094-48ea-adcd-b160c580b36c"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-d3214484-3094-48ea-adcd-b160c580b36c"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Tito Mboweni</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="117282101"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/117282101/Inflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Inflation Targeting in South Africa" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/113180077/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/117282101/Inflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa">Inflation Targeting in South Africa</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>South African Journal of Economics</span><span>, Dec 1, 1999</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="95a8dd1d923f105a66ac181b3106a067" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:113180077,&quot;asset_id&quot;:117282101,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/113180077/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117282101"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="117282101"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117282101; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117282101]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117282101]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117282101; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='117282101']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 117282101, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "95a8dd1d923f105a66ac181b3106a067" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=117282101]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":117282101,"title":"Inflation Targeting in South Africa","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","grobid_abstract":"All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. The contents of this publication are intended for general information only and are not intended to serve as financial or other advice. While every precaution is taken to ensure the accuracy of information, the South African Reserve Bank shall not be liable to any person for inaccurate information or opinions contained in this publication.","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":12,"year":1999,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"South African Journal of Economics","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":113180077},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/117282101/Inflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-04-09T11:48:32.864-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":97439472,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":113180077,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/113180077/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"OCCNo19.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/113180077/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Inflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/113180077/OCCNo19-libre.pdf?1712688602=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=Bs2Qspl83lMlEbG~nPrsAAVfwYw2WFw~8IVSnDerK~dEdWV2YS6MfzB4hgr4jwe3SQLn7H7InrzR126~gDLpYvfhO2T9u5IVXQr~~Mi-dnGtma1---nEFaiOf0Dkw2cmOgJJSMPpyt7-vtFDqv0rGFFwqzkbUrB-bMfX6f6wqRhdp87CeCYmoYGzamRrdgMzZHwcFtXSFJCOhPl5HHa2Vnq95J2ZubEJcETawQ1I2BJuTCWqZv-bCItn78G59XhDr4aa4cd2lRx~lUlDpaX7ebh3rhmfjA43wULBB3v6cAu7N0Xk4CtIuzwaMk-mKQoV4xaHLenLGDgq90~ROJ770A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Inflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa","translated_slug":"","page_count":19,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":97439472,"first_name":"Tito","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mboweni","page_name":"TitoMboweni","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-11-15T21:09:47.632-08:00","display_name":"Tito Mboweni","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni"},"attachments":[{"id":113180077,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/113180077/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"OCCNo19.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/113180077/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Inflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/113180077/OCCNo19-libre.pdf?1712688602=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=Bs2Qspl83lMlEbG~nPrsAAVfwYw2WFw~8IVSnDerK~dEdWV2YS6MfzB4hgr4jwe3SQLn7H7InrzR126~gDLpYvfhO2T9u5IVXQr~~Mi-dnGtma1---nEFaiOf0Dkw2cmOgJJSMPpyt7-vtFDqv0rGFFwqzkbUrB-bMfX6f6wqRhdp87CeCYmoYGzamRrdgMzZHwcFtXSFJCOhPl5HHa2Vnq95J2ZubEJcETawQ1I2BJuTCWqZv-bCItn78G59XhDr4aa4cd2lRx~lUlDpaX7ebh3rhmfjA43wULBB3v6cAu7N0Xk4CtIuzwaMk-mKQoV4xaHLenLGDgq90~ROJ770A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics"},{"id":493164,"name":"Inflation Targeting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inflation_Targeting"},{"id":639390,"name":"Inflation Cosmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inflation_Cosmology"},{"id":1355259,"name":"South African Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_African_Economics"}],"urls":[{"id":40970809,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.1999.tb01152.x"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="71886834"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/71886834/Secretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governance_Forum_Secretary_General_Central_Banking_Studies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Secretariat of the Central Bank Governance Forum Secretary General Central Banking Studies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81048565/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/71886834/Secretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governance_Forum_Secretary_General_Central_Banking_Studies">Secretariat of the Central Bank Governance Forum Secretary General Central Banking Studies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This project and report were initiated by the Central Bank Governance Group. The report draws hea...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This project and report were initiated by the Central Bank Governance Group. The report draws heavily on an extensive body of survey data and other information contributed by central banks and monetary authorities belonging to the Central Bank Governance Network (currently 47 members – see the Annex for a list). Under the guidance of the Governance Group and an advisory panel, the report was prepared by the Secretariat of the Central Bank Governance Forum (which comprises the Group and the Network) together with consultants engaged by the Bank for International Settlements.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a762aa5faae8d5735715b10bbfe0ff01" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:81048565,&quot;asset_id&quot;:71886834,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81048565/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="71886834"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71886834"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71886834; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71886834]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71886834]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71886834; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='71886834']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71886834, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a762aa5faae8d5735715b10bbfe0ff01" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=71886834]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":71886834,"title":"Secretariat of the Central Bank Governance Forum Secretary General Central Banking Studies","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This project and report were initiated by the Central Bank Governance Group. The report draws heavily on an extensive body of survey data and other information contributed by central banks and monetary authorities belonging to the Central Bank Governance Network (currently 47 members – see the Annex for a list). Under the guidance of the Governance Group and an advisory panel, the report was prepared by the Secretariat of the Central Bank Governance Forum (which comprises the Group and the Network) together with consultants engaged by the Bank for International Settlements.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2009,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"This project and report were initiated by the Central Bank Governance Group. The report draws heavily on an extensive body of survey data and other information contributed by central banks and monetary authorities belonging to the Central Bank Governance Network (currently 47 members – see the Annex for a list). Under the guidance of the Governance Group and an advisory panel, the report was prepared by the Secretariat of the Central Bank Governance Forum (which comprises the Group and the Network) together with consultants engaged by the Bank for International Settlements.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/71886834/Secretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governance_Forum_Secretary_General_Central_Banking_Studies","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-02-19T16:43:50.331-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":97439472,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81048565,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81048565/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"othp04.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81048565/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Secretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governan.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/81048565/othp04-libre.pdf?1645318453=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSecretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governan.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=M5htbWQc6E9~QlkPV5ijVMCm6XupLpTAc4ZBCfEFN8sqtFBdJ65xalsrW~2xK6gskL9jB8cwtjq50Z9JB-MiQZK51gcs~vvq545s7Oc~C8xU8OMe9KS2jMDAhnyOismzMW6dVzDdsF3KnxRw497ZPKbnxxD3ZQHOG79gTtLd1KBygY-3RADiIkT29oOcv9HH8VygJLxkQ~VNRZYDsHLhpd-Ntr0GN8OlbTd5vvcICE5KCaa6lFcIH6fQvYo~xQWDowdmtv18DMlzX-WJ1gQZ8aT8MBVQOw7DqnQ-YPIUODLR5HrNVYUd46rC8ovqIPD4vi8xe5ir3-ONr0Gx9vZY6Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Secretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governance_Forum_Secretary_General_Central_Banking_Studies","translated_slug":"","page_count":201,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":97439472,"first_name":"Tito","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mboweni","page_name":"TitoMboweni","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-11-15T21:09:47.632-08:00","display_name":"Tito Mboweni","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni"},"attachments":[{"id":81048565,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81048565/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"othp04.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81048565/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Secretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governan.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/81048565/othp04-libre.pdf?1645318453=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSecretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governan.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=M5htbWQc6E9~QlkPV5ijVMCm6XupLpTAc4ZBCfEFN8sqtFBdJ65xalsrW~2xK6gskL9jB8cwtjq50Z9JB-MiQZK51gcs~vvq545s7Oc~C8xU8OMe9KS2jMDAhnyOismzMW6dVzDdsF3KnxRw497ZPKbnxxD3ZQHOG79gTtLd1KBygY-3RADiIkT29oOcv9HH8VygJLxkQ~VNRZYDsHLhpd-Ntr0GN8OlbTd5vvcICE5KCaa6lFcIH6fQvYo~xQWDowdmtv18DMlzX-WJ1gQZ8aT8MBVQOw7DqnQ-YPIUODLR5HrNVYUd46rC8ovqIPD4vi8xe5ir3-ONr0Gx9vZY6Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":17816941,"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.225.5544\u0026rep=rep1\u0026type=pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="71886825"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/71886825/Financial_market_developments_in_Africa_new_challenges_for_central_banks"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Financial market developments in Africa: new challenges for central banks?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81048560/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/71886825/Financial_market_developments_in_Africa_new_challenges_for_central_banks">Financial market developments in Africa: new challenges for central banks?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without fully acknowledging the publication Financial market developments in Africa: new challenges for central banks? as the source. The contents of this publication are intended for general information only and are not intended to serve as financial or other advice. While every precaution is taken to ensure the accuracy of the information, the South African Reserve Bank shall not be liable to any person for inaccurate information or opinions contained in this publication. The papers in this publication were prepared for a roundtable of Governors from central banks held in Cape Town on 20 November 2007. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Bank for International Settlements or the South African Reserve Bank. Individual papers may ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="489498a28ecd07d4a85da869ac0e3712" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:81048560,&quot;asset_id&quot;:71886825,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81048560/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="71886825"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71886825"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71886825; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71886825]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71886825]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71886825; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='71886825']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71886825, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "489498a28ecd07d4a85da869ac0e3712" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=71886825]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":71886825,"title":"Financial market developments in Africa: new challenges for central banks?","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without fully acknowledging the publication Financial market developments in Africa: new challenges for central banks? as the source. The contents of this publication are intended for general information only and are not intended to serve as financial or other advice. While every precaution is taken to ensure the accuracy of the information, the South African Reserve Bank shall not be liable to any person for inaccurate information or opinions contained in this publication. The papers in this publication were prepared for a roundtable of Governors from central banks held in Cape Town on 20 November 2007. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Bank for International Settlements or the South African Reserve Bank. Individual papers may ...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2007,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without fully acknowledging the publication Financial market developments in Africa: new challenges for central banks? as the source. The contents of this publication are intended for general information only and are not intended to serve as financial or other advice. While every precaution is taken to ensure the accuracy of the information, the South African Reserve Bank shall not be liable to any person for inaccurate information or opinions contained in this publication. The papers in this publication were prepared for a roundtable of Governors from central banks held in Cape Town on 20 November 2007. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Bank for International Settlements or the South African Reserve Bank. Individual papers may ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/71886825/Financial_market_developments_in_Africa_new_challenges_for_central_banks","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-02-19T16:43:40.154-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":97439472,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81048560,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81048560/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"fmda07.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81048560/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Financial_market_developments_in_Africa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/81048560/fmda07-libre.pdf?1645318444=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFinancial_market_developments_in_Africa.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=GgQq6pt6i2tst-h-lLzwZMb8u4L4QSTM7UE02d61jOJrk-38YI2-oD2ZN7FGdG30Fr5WYrGQmVXUPiZmJhmPCtlXDkynwEKkmfFTH74fWcxh7eV3dogxIYKTZlShFHmNixw0q04BRbAHTxDUcG0G2gBiuuco4pXOZS~stny6nFfbGszcys5r6twNCMdRZgT6dQM8idmj-WDSW63ZS11XHzZp9TmUBVvuAiQAGp6RRuUm173NAACYedbFZbfDlzONF0uF1yKIQoCKHjFHoM4EjrRKgGeBUgXHUIKp9vKvdZiurVFQwh6OVdAcsxxi2C65qRMj~K9VXtiM0~luilmivQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Financial_market_developments_in_Africa_new_challenges_for_central_banks","translated_slug":"","page_count":65,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":97439472,"first_name":"Tito","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mboweni","page_name":"TitoMboweni","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-11-15T21:09:47.632-08:00","display_name":"Tito Mboweni","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni"},"attachments":[{"id":81048560,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81048560/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"fmda07.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81048560/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Financial_market_developments_in_Africa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/81048560/fmda07-libre.pdf?1645318444=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFinancial_market_developments_in_Africa.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=GgQq6pt6i2tst-h-lLzwZMb8u4L4QSTM7UE02d61jOJrk-38YI2-oD2ZN7FGdG30Fr5WYrGQmVXUPiZmJhmPCtlXDkynwEKkmfFTH74fWcxh7eV3dogxIYKTZlShFHmNixw0q04BRbAHTxDUcG0G2gBiuuco4pXOZS~stny6nFfbGszcys5r6twNCMdRZgT6dQM8idmj-WDSW63ZS11XHzZp9TmUBVvuAiQAGp6RRuUm173NAACYedbFZbfDlzONF0uF1yKIQoCKHjFHoM4EjrRKgGeBUgXHUIKp9vKvdZiurVFQwh6OVdAcsxxi2C65qRMj~K9VXtiM0~luilmivQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":157195,"name":"Ii","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ii"}],"urls":[{"id":17816936,"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.226.521\u0026rep=rep1\u0026type=pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="51244497"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/51244497/Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Formulating Policy for a Democratic South Africa: Some Observations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69048387/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/51244497/Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations">Formulating Policy for a Democratic South Africa: Some Observations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Ids Bull Inst Develop Stud</span><span>, 1994</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c9fa826bc7e0da74ff7b3407ce96f320" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:69048387,&quot;asset_id&quot;:51244497,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69048387/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="51244497"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="51244497"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51244497; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51244497]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51244497]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51244497; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='51244497']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51244497, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c9fa826bc7e0da74ff7b3407ce96f320" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=51244497]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":51244497,"title":"Formulating Policy for a Democratic South Africa: Some Observations","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1994,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Ids Bull Inst Develop Stud"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51244497/Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-09-04T06:39:37.333-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":97439472,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69048387,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69048387/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69048387/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/69048387/IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x-libre.pdf?1630766181=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFormulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=MqaewUaYjmVUHVvsKsT9zGRBgXcs52F9IMmvgU6jkux8VJl~48~Vu1S9qINF7WTPWyUWDnxyffgSim2CCPllO5jCy5tUKf0MyvP5jXDEshQey4QP~AtVGxLvXUTpFrjGUBLAXwdc7fGTYE~Vcw-F1HedPo-wqkBFL~YJIWduH3s2Jh7cECgTT830MjZ9WITVTHYT7x22sAjo5MURaRTtT1uv8fHjjcizcntIG73IvrX1-LGVHkCMByYURg8Gr-Kk9H1YtLYGy2e5n~5WcUmXv-L-2h74kogL4MkTxyxmzpeBzAZwumAv2YYfmJuGa664V3KHo0g-dA6jcZtPqWKifQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":97439472,"first_name":"Tito","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mboweni","page_name":"TitoMboweni","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-11-15T21:09:47.632-08:00","display_name":"Tito Mboweni","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni"},"attachments":[{"id":69048387,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69048387/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69048387/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/69048387/IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x-libre.pdf?1630766181=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFormulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=MqaewUaYjmVUHVvsKsT9zGRBgXcs52F9IMmvgU6jkux8VJl~48~Vu1S9qINF7WTPWyUWDnxyffgSim2CCPllO5jCy5tUKf0MyvP5jXDEshQey4QP~AtVGxLvXUTpFrjGUBLAXwdc7fGTYE~Vcw-F1HedPo-wqkBFL~YJIWduH3s2Jh7cECgTT830MjZ9WITVTHYT7x22sAjo5MURaRTtT1uv8fHjjcizcntIG73IvrX1-LGVHkCMByYURg8Gr-Kk9H1YtLYGy2e5n~5WcUmXv-L-2h74kogL4MkTxyxmzpeBzAZwumAv2YYfmJuGa664V3KHo0g-dA6jcZtPqWKifQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":262,"name":"Human Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Geography"},{"id":27659,"name":"Applied Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Economics"},{"id":380315,"name":"Public Administration and Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Administration_and_Policy"}],"urls":[{"id":10817698,"url":"http://blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="51244493"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/51244493/Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Formulating Policy for a Democratic South Africa: Some Observations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69048386/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/51244493/Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations">Formulating Policy for a Democratic South Africa: Some Observations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Ids Bull Inst Develop Stud</span><span>, 1994</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d46725608420d5ae24260b94a765565f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:69048386,&quot;asset_id&quot;:51244493,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69048386/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="51244493"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="51244493"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51244493; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51244493]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51244493]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51244493; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='51244493']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51244493, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d46725608420d5ae24260b94a765565f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=51244493]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":51244493,"title":"Formulating Policy for a Democratic South Africa: Some Observations","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1994,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Ids Bull Inst Develop Stud"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51244493/Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-09-04T06:39:36.312-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":97439472,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69048386,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69048386/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69048386/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/69048386/IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x-libre.pdf?1630766181=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFormulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=BEcqzsEUP9xG9K-kqfmjJScxf-mwG1jcoXh9fRGYmMSBUGXJuZmhchDdYsknLhhrHUyl8wjSYq3OgpK7ooyixt04lEr1p3yKLnotK0UY1NlPaEK9hFI5fFPaOE1ma1JFUcBCiqETQelx4WuBl43AXrVMvDPOBgPQaXk4STo6YI1u3rsh4~imrMQYBre1F0IyGd3kaZmbQ42cUNmWk6Dy~rVnMmdGHb4-3raplMiHUuKNL4oRVIKH3qrrqSgx1Cwmu7Mt~fcM4krRxyev1GYVT33mla7Tw-oUvFGJOL4fNbBqPab7xfb1O-JADLo-sBSsiBfnyP5IAyl8tto050RtgA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":97439472,"first_name":"Tito","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mboweni","page_name":"TitoMboweni","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-11-15T21:09:47.632-08:00","display_name":"Tito Mboweni","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni"},"attachments":[{"id":69048386,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69048386/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69048386/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/69048386/IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x-libre.pdf?1630766181=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFormulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=BEcqzsEUP9xG9K-kqfmjJScxf-mwG1jcoXh9fRGYmMSBUGXJuZmhchDdYsknLhhrHUyl8wjSYq3OgpK7ooyixt04lEr1p3yKLnotK0UY1NlPaEK9hFI5fFPaOE1ma1JFUcBCiqETQelx4WuBl43AXrVMvDPOBgPQaXk4STo6YI1u3rsh4~imrMQYBre1F0IyGd3kaZmbQ42cUNmWk6Dy~rVnMmdGHb4-3raplMiHUuKNL4oRVIKH3qrrqSgx1Cwmu7Mt~fcM4krRxyev1GYVT33mla7Tw-oUvFGJOL4fNbBqPab7xfb1O-JADLo-sBSsiBfnyP5IAyl8tto050RtgA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":262,"name":"Human Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Geography"},{"id":27659,"name":"Applied Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Economics"},{"id":380315,"name":"Public Administration and Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Administration_and_Policy"}],"urls":[{"id":10817697,"url":"http://blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="11634347" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="117282101"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/117282101/Inflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Inflation Targeting in South Africa" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/113180077/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/117282101/Inflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa">Inflation Targeting in South Africa</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>South African Journal of Economics</span><span>, Dec 1, 1999</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="95a8dd1d923f105a66ac181b3106a067" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:113180077,&quot;asset_id&quot;:117282101,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/113180077/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117282101"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="117282101"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117282101; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117282101]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117282101]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117282101; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='117282101']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 117282101, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "95a8dd1d923f105a66ac181b3106a067" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=117282101]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":117282101,"title":"Inflation Targeting in South Africa","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","grobid_abstract":"All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. The contents of this publication are intended for general information only and are not intended to serve as financial or other advice. While every precaution is taken to ensure the accuracy of information, the South African Reserve Bank shall not be liable to any person for inaccurate information or opinions contained in this publication.","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":12,"year":1999,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"South African Journal of Economics","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":113180077},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/117282101/Inflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-04-09T11:48:32.864-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":97439472,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":113180077,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/113180077/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"OCCNo19.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/113180077/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Inflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/113180077/OCCNo19-libre.pdf?1712688602=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=Bs2Qspl83lMlEbG~nPrsAAVfwYw2WFw~8IVSnDerK~dEdWV2YS6MfzB4hgr4jwe3SQLn7H7InrzR126~gDLpYvfhO2T9u5IVXQr~~Mi-dnGtma1---nEFaiOf0Dkw2cmOgJJSMPpyt7-vtFDqv0rGFFwqzkbUrB-bMfX6f6wqRhdp87CeCYmoYGzamRrdgMzZHwcFtXSFJCOhPl5HHa2Vnq95J2ZubEJcETawQ1I2BJuTCWqZv-bCItn78G59XhDr4aa4cd2lRx~lUlDpaX7ebh3rhmfjA43wULBB3v6cAu7N0Xk4CtIuzwaMk-mKQoV4xaHLenLGDgq90~ROJ770A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Inflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa","translated_slug":"","page_count":19,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":97439472,"first_name":"Tito","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mboweni","page_name":"TitoMboweni","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-11-15T21:09:47.632-08:00","display_name":"Tito Mboweni","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni"},"attachments":[{"id":113180077,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/113180077/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"OCCNo19.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/113180077/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Inflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/113180077/OCCNo19-libre.pdf?1712688602=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInflation_Targeting_in_South_Africa.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=Bs2Qspl83lMlEbG~nPrsAAVfwYw2WFw~8IVSnDerK~dEdWV2YS6MfzB4hgr4jwe3SQLn7H7InrzR126~gDLpYvfhO2T9u5IVXQr~~Mi-dnGtma1---nEFaiOf0Dkw2cmOgJJSMPpyt7-vtFDqv0rGFFwqzkbUrB-bMfX6f6wqRhdp87CeCYmoYGzamRrdgMzZHwcFtXSFJCOhPl5HHa2Vnq95J2ZubEJcETawQ1I2BJuTCWqZv-bCItn78G59XhDr4aa4cd2lRx~lUlDpaX7ebh3rhmfjA43wULBB3v6cAu7N0Xk4CtIuzwaMk-mKQoV4xaHLenLGDgq90~ROJ770A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics"},{"id":493164,"name":"Inflation Targeting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inflation_Targeting"},{"id":639390,"name":"Inflation Cosmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inflation_Cosmology"},{"id":1355259,"name":"South African Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_African_Economics"}],"urls":[{"id":40970809,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.1999.tb01152.x"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="71886834"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/71886834/Secretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governance_Forum_Secretary_General_Central_Banking_Studies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Secretariat of the Central Bank Governance Forum Secretary General Central Banking Studies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81048565/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/71886834/Secretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governance_Forum_Secretary_General_Central_Banking_Studies">Secretariat of the Central Bank Governance Forum Secretary General Central Banking Studies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This project and report were initiated by the Central Bank Governance Group. The report draws hea...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This project and report were initiated by the Central Bank Governance Group. The report draws heavily on an extensive body of survey data and other information contributed by central banks and monetary authorities belonging to the Central Bank Governance Network (currently 47 members – see the Annex for a list). Under the guidance of the Governance Group and an advisory panel, the report was prepared by the Secretariat of the Central Bank Governance Forum (which comprises the Group and the Network) together with consultants engaged by the Bank for International Settlements.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a762aa5faae8d5735715b10bbfe0ff01" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:81048565,&quot;asset_id&quot;:71886834,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81048565/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="71886834"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71886834"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71886834; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71886834]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71886834]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71886834; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='71886834']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71886834, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a762aa5faae8d5735715b10bbfe0ff01" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=71886834]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":71886834,"title":"Secretariat of the Central Bank Governance Forum Secretary General Central Banking Studies","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This project and report were initiated by the Central Bank Governance Group. The report draws heavily on an extensive body of survey data and other information contributed by central banks and monetary authorities belonging to the Central Bank Governance Network (currently 47 members – see the Annex for a list). Under the guidance of the Governance Group and an advisory panel, the report was prepared by the Secretariat of the Central Bank Governance Forum (which comprises the Group and the Network) together with consultants engaged by the Bank for International Settlements.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2009,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"This project and report were initiated by the Central Bank Governance Group. The report draws heavily on an extensive body of survey data and other information contributed by central banks and monetary authorities belonging to the Central Bank Governance Network (currently 47 members – see the Annex for a list). Under the guidance of the Governance Group and an advisory panel, the report was prepared by the Secretariat of the Central Bank Governance Forum (which comprises the Group and the Network) together with consultants engaged by the Bank for International Settlements.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/71886834/Secretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governance_Forum_Secretary_General_Central_Banking_Studies","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-02-19T16:43:50.331-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":97439472,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81048565,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81048565/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"othp04.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81048565/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Secretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governan.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/81048565/othp04-libre.pdf?1645318453=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSecretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governan.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=M5htbWQc6E9~QlkPV5ijVMCm6XupLpTAc4ZBCfEFN8sqtFBdJ65xalsrW~2xK6gskL9jB8cwtjq50Z9JB-MiQZK51gcs~vvq545s7Oc~C8xU8OMe9KS2jMDAhnyOismzMW6dVzDdsF3KnxRw497ZPKbnxxD3ZQHOG79gTtLd1KBygY-3RADiIkT29oOcv9HH8VygJLxkQ~VNRZYDsHLhpd-Ntr0GN8OlbTd5vvcICE5KCaa6lFcIH6fQvYo~xQWDowdmtv18DMlzX-WJ1gQZ8aT8MBVQOw7DqnQ-YPIUODLR5HrNVYUd46rC8ovqIPD4vi8xe5ir3-ONr0Gx9vZY6Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Secretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governance_Forum_Secretary_General_Central_Banking_Studies","translated_slug":"","page_count":201,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":97439472,"first_name":"Tito","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mboweni","page_name":"TitoMboweni","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-11-15T21:09:47.632-08:00","display_name":"Tito Mboweni","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni"},"attachments":[{"id":81048565,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81048565/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"othp04.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81048565/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Secretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governan.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/81048565/othp04-libre.pdf?1645318453=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSecretariat_of_the_Central_Bank_Governan.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=M5htbWQc6E9~QlkPV5ijVMCm6XupLpTAc4ZBCfEFN8sqtFBdJ65xalsrW~2xK6gskL9jB8cwtjq50Z9JB-MiQZK51gcs~vvq545s7Oc~C8xU8OMe9KS2jMDAhnyOismzMW6dVzDdsF3KnxRw497ZPKbnxxD3ZQHOG79gTtLd1KBygY-3RADiIkT29oOcv9HH8VygJLxkQ~VNRZYDsHLhpd-Ntr0GN8OlbTd5vvcICE5KCaa6lFcIH6fQvYo~xQWDowdmtv18DMlzX-WJ1gQZ8aT8MBVQOw7DqnQ-YPIUODLR5HrNVYUd46rC8ovqIPD4vi8xe5ir3-ONr0Gx9vZY6Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":17816941,"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.225.5544\u0026rep=rep1\u0026type=pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="71886825"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/71886825/Financial_market_developments_in_Africa_new_challenges_for_central_banks"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Financial market developments in Africa: new challenges for central banks?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81048560/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/71886825/Financial_market_developments_in_Africa_new_challenges_for_central_banks">Financial market developments in Africa: new challenges for central banks?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without fully acknowledging the publication Financial market developments in Africa: new challenges for central banks? as the source. The contents of this publication are intended for general information only and are not intended to serve as financial or other advice. While every precaution is taken to ensure the accuracy of the information, the South African Reserve Bank shall not be liable to any person for inaccurate information or opinions contained in this publication. The papers in this publication were prepared for a roundtable of Governors from central banks held in Cape Town on 20 November 2007. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Bank for International Settlements or the South African Reserve Bank. Individual papers may ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="489498a28ecd07d4a85da869ac0e3712" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:81048560,&quot;asset_id&quot;:71886825,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81048560/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="71886825"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71886825"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71886825; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71886825]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71886825]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71886825; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='71886825']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71886825, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "489498a28ecd07d4a85da869ac0e3712" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=71886825]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":71886825,"title":"Financial market developments in Africa: new challenges for central banks?","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without fully acknowledging the publication Financial market developments in Africa: new challenges for central banks? as the source. The contents of this publication are intended for general information only and are not intended to serve as financial or other advice. While every precaution is taken to ensure the accuracy of the information, the South African Reserve Bank shall not be liable to any person for inaccurate information or opinions contained in this publication. The papers in this publication were prepared for a roundtable of Governors from central banks held in Cape Town on 20 November 2007. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Bank for International Settlements or the South African Reserve Bank. Individual papers may ...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2007,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without fully acknowledging the publication Financial market developments in Africa: new challenges for central banks? as the source. The contents of this publication are intended for general information only and are not intended to serve as financial or other advice. While every precaution is taken to ensure the accuracy of the information, the South African Reserve Bank shall not be liable to any person for inaccurate information or opinions contained in this publication. The papers in this publication were prepared for a roundtable of Governors from central banks held in Cape Town on 20 November 2007. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Bank for International Settlements or the South African Reserve Bank. Individual papers may ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/71886825/Financial_market_developments_in_Africa_new_challenges_for_central_banks","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-02-19T16:43:40.154-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":97439472,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81048560,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81048560/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"fmda07.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81048560/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Financial_market_developments_in_Africa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/81048560/fmda07-libre.pdf?1645318444=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFinancial_market_developments_in_Africa.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=GgQq6pt6i2tst-h-lLzwZMb8u4L4QSTM7UE02d61jOJrk-38YI2-oD2ZN7FGdG30Fr5WYrGQmVXUPiZmJhmPCtlXDkynwEKkmfFTH74fWcxh7eV3dogxIYKTZlShFHmNixw0q04BRbAHTxDUcG0G2gBiuuco4pXOZS~stny6nFfbGszcys5r6twNCMdRZgT6dQM8idmj-WDSW63ZS11XHzZp9TmUBVvuAiQAGp6RRuUm173NAACYedbFZbfDlzONF0uF1yKIQoCKHjFHoM4EjrRKgGeBUgXHUIKp9vKvdZiurVFQwh6OVdAcsxxi2C65qRMj~K9VXtiM0~luilmivQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Financial_market_developments_in_Africa_new_challenges_for_central_banks","translated_slug":"","page_count":65,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":97439472,"first_name":"Tito","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mboweni","page_name":"TitoMboweni","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-11-15T21:09:47.632-08:00","display_name":"Tito Mboweni","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni"},"attachments":[{"id":81048560,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81048560/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"fmda07.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81048560/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Financial_market_developments_in_Africa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/81048560/fmda07-libre.pdf?1645318444=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFinancial_market_developments_in_Africa.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=GgQq6pt6i2tst-h-lLzwZMb8u4L4QSTM7UE02d61jOJrk-38YI2-oD2ZN7FGdG30Fr5WYrGQmVXUPiZmJhmPCtlXDkynwEKkmfFTH74fWcxh7eV3dogxIYKTZlShFHmNixw0q04BRbAHTxDUcG0G2gBiuuco4pXOZS~stny6nFfbGszcys5r6twNCMdRZgT6dQM8idmj-WDSW63ZS11XHzZp9TmUBVvuAiQAGp6RRuUm173NAACYedbFZbfDlzONF0uF1yKIQoCKHjFHoM4EjrRKgGeBUgXHUIKp9vKvdZiurVFQwh6OVdAcsxxi2C65qRMj~K9VXtiM0~luilmivQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":157195,"name":"Ii","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ii"}],"urls":[{"id":17816936,"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.226.521\u0026rep=rep1\u0026type=pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="51244497"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/51244497/Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Formulating Policy for a Democratic South Africa: Some Observations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69048387/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/51244497/Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations">Formulating Policy for a Democratic South Africa: Some Observations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Ids Bull Inst Develop Stud</span><span>, 1994</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c9fa826bc7e0da74ff7b3407ce96f320" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:69048387,&quot;asset_id&quot;:51244497,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69048387/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="51244497"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="51244497"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51244497; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51244497]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51244497]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51244497; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='51244497']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51244497, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c9fa826bc7e0da74ff7b3407ce96f320" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=51244497]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":51244497,"title":"Formulating Policy for a Democratic South Africa: Some Observations","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1994,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Ids Bull Inst Develop Stud"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51244497/Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-09-04T06:39:37.333-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":97439472,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69048387,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69048387/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69048387/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/69048387/IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x-libre.pdf?1630766181=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFormulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=MqaewUaYjmVUHVvsKsT9zGRBgXcs52F9IMmvgU6jkux8VJl~48~Vu1S9qINF7WTPWyUWDnxyffgSim2CCPllO5jCy5tUKf0MyvP5jXDEshQey4QP~AtVGxLvXUTpFrjGUBLAXwdc7fGTYE~Vcw-F1HedPo-wqkBFL~YJIWduH3s2Jh7cECgTT830MjZ9WITVTHYT7x22sAjo5MURaRTtT1uv8fHjjcizcntIG73IvrX1-LGVHkCMByYURg8Gr-Kk9H1YtLYGy2e5n~5WcUmXv-L-2h74kogL4MkTxyxmzpeBzAZwumAv2YYfmJuGa664V3KHo0g-dA6jcZtPqWKifQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":97439472,"first_name":"Tito","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mboweni","page_name":"TitoMboweni","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-11-15T21:09:47.632-08:00","display_name":"Tito Mboweni","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni"},"attachments":[{"id":69048387,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69048387/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69048387/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/69048387/IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x-libre.pdf?1630766181=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFormulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=MqaewUaYjmVUHVvsKsT9zGRBgXcs52F9IMmvgU6jkux8VJl~48~Vu1S9qINF7WTPWyUWDnxyffgSim2CCPllO5jCy5tUKf0MyvP5jXDEshQey4QP~AtVGxLvXUTpFrjGUBLAXwdc7fGTYE~Vcw-F1HedPo-wqkBFL~YJIWduH3s2Jh7cECgTT830MjZ9WITVTHYT7x22sAjo5MURaRTtT1uv8fHjjcizcntIG73IvrX1-LGVHkCMByYURg8Gr-Kk9H1YtLYGy2e5n~5WcUmXv-L-2h74kogL4MkTxyxmzpeBzAZwumAv2YYfmJuGa664V3KHo0g-dA6jcZtPqWKifQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":262,"name":"Human Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Geography"},{"id":27659,"name":"Applied Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Economics"},{"id":380315,"name":"Public Administration and Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Administration_and_Policy"}],"urls":[{"id":10817698,"url":"http://blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="51244493"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/51244493/Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Formulating Policy for a Democratic South Africa: Some Observations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69048386/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/51244493/Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations">Formulating Policy for a Democratic South Africa: Some Observations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Ids Bull Inst Develop Stud</span><span>, 1994</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d46725608420d5ae24260b94a765565f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:69048386,&quot;asset_id&quot;:51244493,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69048386/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="51244493"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="51244493"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51244493; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51244493]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51244493]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51244493; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='51244493']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51244493, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d46725608420d5ae24260b94a765565f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=51244493]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":51244493,"title":"Formulating Policy for a Democratic South Africa: Some Observations","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1994,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Ids Bull Inst Develop Stud"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51244493/Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-09-04T06:39:36.312-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":97439472,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69048386,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69048386/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69048386/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/69048386/IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x-libre.pdf?1630766181=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFormulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=BEcqzsEUP9xG9K-kqfmjJScxf-mwG1jcoXh9fRGYmMSBUGXJuZmhchDdYsknLhhrHUyl8wjSYq3OgpK7ooyixt04lEr1p3yKLnotK0UY1NlPaEK9hFI5fFPaOE1ma1JFUcBCiqETQelx4WuBl43AXrVMvDPOBgPQaXk4STo6YI1u3rsh4~imrMQYBre1F0IyGd3kaZmbQ42cUNmWk6Dy~rVnMmdGHb4-3raplMiHUuKNL4oRVIKH3qrrqSgx1Cwmu7Mt~fcM4krRxyev1GYVT33mla7Tw-oUvFGJOL4fNbBqPab7xfb1O-JADLo-sBSsiBfnyP5IAyl8tto050RtgA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_South_Africa_Some_Observations","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":97439472,"first_name":"Tito","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Mboweni","page_name":"TitoMboweni","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-11-15T21:09:47.632-08:00","display_name":"Tito Mboweni","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni"},"attachments":[{"id":69048386,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69048386/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69048386/download_file?st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzAzNzA4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Formulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/69048386/IDSB_25_1_10.1111-j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x-libre.pdf?1630766181=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFormulating_Policy_for_a_Democratic_Sout.pdf\u0026Expires=1733040685\u0026Signature=BEcqzsEUP9xG9K-kqfmjJScxf-mwG1jcoXh9fRGYmMSBUGXJuZmhchDdYsknLhhrHUyl8wjSYq3OgpK7ooyixt04lEr1p3yKLnotK0UY1NlPaEK9hFI5fFPaOE1ma1JFUcBCiqETQelx4WuBl43AXrVMvDPOBgPQaXk4STo6YI1u3rsh4~imrMQYBre1F0IyGd3kaZmbQ42cUNmWk6Dy~rVnMmdGHb4-3raplMiHUuKNL4oRVIKH3qrrqSgx1Cwmu7Mt~fcM4krRxyev1GYVT33mla7Tw-oUvFGJOL4fNbBqPab7xfb1O-JADLo-sBSsiBfnyP5IAyl8tto050RtgA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":262,"name":"Human Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Geography"},{"id":27659,"name":"Applied Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Economics"},{"id":380315,"name":"Public Administration and Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Administration_and_Policy"}],"urls":[{"id":10817697,"url":"http://blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1759-5436.1994.mp25001012.x"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/google_contacts-0dfb882d836b94dbcb4a2d123d6933fc9533eda5be911641f20b4eb428429600.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $('.js-google-connect-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); GoogleContacts.authorize_and_show_contacts(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); $.ajax({ url: $r.api_v0_profiles_update_about_path({ subdomain_param: 'api', about: "", }), type: 'PUT', success: function(response) { location.reload(); } }); }); $('.js-work-creator-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_document_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-video-upload-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_video_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-do-this-later-button').click(function() { $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-do-this-later-button').click(function(){ $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--close').click(function(){ $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--panel').hide(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--button').click(function(){ Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserWorks({ initialWorksOffset: 20, allWorksOffset: 20, maxSections: 1 }) }); </script> </div></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile_edit-5ea339ee107c863779f560dd7275595239fed73f1a13d279d2b599a28c0ecd33.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/add_coauthor-22174b608f9cb871d03443cafa7feac496fb50d7df2d66a53f5ee3c04ba67f53.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/tab-dcac0130902f0cc2d8cb403714dd47454f11fc6fb0e99ae6a0827b06613abc20.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb window.ae = window.ae || {}; window.ae.WowProfile = window.ae.WowProfile || {}; if(Aedu.User.current && Aedu.User.current.id === $viewedUser.id) { window.ae.WowProfile.current_user_edit = {}; new WowProfileEdit.EditUploadView({ el: '.js-edit-upload-button-wrapper', model: window.$current_user, }); new AddCoauthor.AddCoauthorsController(); } var userInfoView = new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserInfo({ recaptcha_key: "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB" }); WowProfile.router = new WowProfile.Router({ userInfoView: userInfoView }); Backbone.history.start({ pushState: true, root: "/" + $viewedUser.page_name }); new WowProfile.UserWorksNav() }); </script> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span &nbsp;&nbsp;="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "67ca131ddaa7991acc5bbaec74c2bed4b80342d770f3b6742066c00248ed1e6b", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="&#x2713;" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="qPY+GiKDTN7Jvz9boE2YLYnIflE/kM/iYexv28pUL3VoerbhoEzBktdJ5lIOU4UfFswCpyvxqyx9OjwXwWI1Og==" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://independent.academia.edu/TitoMboweni" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="&#x2713;" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="3gRpE3xN3CiqJ6nJykRSHakGQu5Qu1RLVyiYy06bEdweiOHo/oJRZLTRcMBkWk8vNgI+GETaMIVL/ssHRa0Lkw==" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we&#39;ll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account?&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/academia">Blog</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg>&nbsp;<strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg>&nbsp;<strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia &copy;2024</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10