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href="#Post-1965_reform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Post-1965 reform </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-1965_reform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Influx_of_immigrants_from_Hong_Kong_and_Guangdong" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influx_of_immigrants_from_Hong_Kong_and_Guangdong"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.1 Influx of immigrants from Hong Kong and Guangdong </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influx_of_immigrants_from_Hong_Kong_and_Guangdong-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Little_Fuzhou" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Little_Fuzhou"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.2 Little Fuzhou </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Little_Fuzhou-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Migration_to_Brooklyn_Chinatown" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Migration_to_Brooklyn_Chinatown"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.3 Migration to Brooklyn Chinatown </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Migration_to_Brooklyn_Chinatown-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Little_Hong_Kong/Guangdong" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Little_Hong_Kong/Guangdong"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.4 Little Hong Kong/Guangdong </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Little_Hong_Kong/Guangdong-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fuzhounese-Cantonese_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fuzhounese-Cantonese_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.5 Fuzhounese-Cantonese relations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fuzhounese-Cantonese_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Demographics and culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Demographics and culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Demographics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chinese_cultural_standards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chinese_cultural_standards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Chinese cultural standards </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chinese_cultural_standards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gentrification_and_decline_in_Chinese_population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gentrification_and_decline_in_Chinese_population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Gentrification and decline in Chinese population </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gentrification_and_decline_in_Chinese_population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Current_status_as_Chinese_shopping_business_district" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_status_as_Chinese_shopping_business_district"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.1 Current status as Chinese shopping business district </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_status_as_Chinese_shopping_business_district-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Streetscape" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Streetscape"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Streetscape </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Streetscape-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Economy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Satellite_Chinatowns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satellite_Chinatowns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Satellite Chinatowns </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Satellite_Chinatowns-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Satellite Chinatowns subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Satellite_Chinatowns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Satellite_Chinatowns'_demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satellite_Chinatowns'_demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Satellite Chinatowns' demographics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Satellite_Chinatowns'_demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Buildings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buildings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Buildings </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Buildings-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Buildings subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Buildings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Housing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Housing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Housing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Housing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chinese_theaters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chinese_theaters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Chinese theaters </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chinese_theaters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Police_and_crime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Police_and_crime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Police and crime </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Police_and_crime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fire_safety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fire_safety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Fire safety </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fire_safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Health </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post_offices_and_ZIP_Codes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post_offices_and_ZIP_Codes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Post offices and ZIP Codes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post_offices_and_ZIP_Codes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Education </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Education subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1 Schools </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Library" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Library"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.2 Library </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Library-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Transportation </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Transportation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Street_names_in_Chinese" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Street_names_in_Chinese"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14.1 Street names in Chinese </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Street_names_in_Chinese-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Chinatown, Manhattan</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" > 29 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%D8%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="چیناتوون، مانهاتان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="چیناتوون، مانهاتان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown,_Manhattan" title="Chinatown, Manhattan – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Chinatown, Manhattan" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(Manhattan)" title="Chinatown (Manhattan) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Chinatown (Manhattan)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(Manhattan)" title="Chinatown (Manhattan) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chinatown (Manhattan)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(New_York)" title="Chinatown (New York) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Chinatown (New York)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(Manhattan)" title="Chinatown (Manhattan) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chinatown (Manhattan)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(Manhattan)" title="Chinatown (Manhattan) – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Chinatown (Manhattan)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(Manhattan)" title="Chinatown (Manhattan) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Chinatown (Manhattan)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(Manhattan)" title="Chinatown (Manhattan) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Chinatown (Manhattan)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%8C_%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D8%AA%D9%86" title="چایناتاون، منهتن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چایناتاون، منهتن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(Manhattan)" title="Chinatown (Manhattan) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chinatown (Manhattan)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B0%A8%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%98%ED%83%80%EC%9A%B4_(%EB%A7%A8%ED%95%B4%ED%8A%BC)" title="차이나타운 (맨해튼) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="차이나타운 (맨해튼)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown,_Manhattan" title="Chinatown, Manhattan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Chinatown, Manhattan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(Manhattan)" title="Chinatown (Manhattan) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chinatown (Manhattan)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%27%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94%D7%98%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9F_(%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%94%D7%98%D7%9F)" title="צ'יינהטאון (מנהטן) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צ'יינהטאון (מנהטן)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown,_Manhattan" title="Chinatown, Manhattan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Chinatown, Manhattan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(New_York)" title="Chinatown (New York) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chinatown (New York)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8A%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3_(%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%83%8F%E3%83%83%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3)" title="チャイナタウン (マンハッタン) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="チャイナタウン (マンハッタン)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(New_York)" title="Chinatown (New York) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Chinatown (New York)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(Manhattan)" title="Chinatown (Manhattan) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Chinatown (Manhattan)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown,_Manhattan" title="Chinatown, Manhattan – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Chinatown, Manhattan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD)" title="Чайна-таун (Манхэттен) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чайна-таун (Манхэттен)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(Manhattan)" title="Chinatown (Manhattan) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chinatown (Manhattan)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(Manhattan)" title="Chinatown (Manhattan) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Chinatown (Manhattan)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown,_Manhattan" title="Chinatown, Manhattan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Chinatown, Manhattan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown,_Manhattan" title="Chinatown, Manhattan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Chinatown, Manhattan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD)" title="Чайна-таун (Мангеттен) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" 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.geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Chinatown,_Manhattan&params=40.715_N_73.997_W_region:US-NY_type:city">40°42′54″N 73°59′49″W / 40.715°N 73.997°W / 40.715; -73.997</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Neighborhood in New York City</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Neighborhood in New York City</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Chinatown, Manhattan</li><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style>曼哈頓華埠 / 曼哈頓唐人街</li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Manhattan_neighborhoods" title="List of Manhattan neighborhoods">Neighborhood</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Nycctown.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Crossing Canal Street in Chinatown, facing Mott Street toward the south"><img alt="Crossing Canal Street in Chinatown, facing Mott Street toward the south" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Nycctown.jpg/300px-Nycctown.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Nycctown.jpg/450px-Nycctown.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Nycctown.jpg/600px-Nycctown.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Crossing <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal Street</a> in Chinatown, facing <a href="/wiki/Mott_Street" title="Mott Street">Mott Street</a> toward the south</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 300px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="300" data-height="200" data-zoom="12" data-lat="40.715" data-lon="-73.997" data-overlays="["_689895da14cbe71b3f8c98f878c054d67d7c3538"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/12/40.715/-73.997/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,40.715,-73.997,300x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Chinatown%2C_Manhattan&revid=1260057060&groups=_689895da14cbe71b3f8c98f878c054d67d7c3538" width="300" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,40.715,-73.997,300x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Chinatown%2C_Manhattan&revid=1260057060&groups=_689895da14cbe71b3f8c98f878c054d67d7c3538 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location in New York City</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Chinatown,_Manhattan&params=40.715_N_73.997_W_region:US-NY_type:city">40°42′54″N 73°59′49″W / 40.715°N 73.997°W / 40.715; -73.997</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_New_York.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_York.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_New_York.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_York.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_New_York.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_York.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Borough_(New_York_City)" class="mw-redirect" title="Borough (New York City)">Borough</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Community_boards_of_Manhattan" title="Community boards of Manhattan">Community District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_3" title="Manhattan Community Board 3">Manhattan 3</a><a href="#cite_note-NYCPlanning-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-PLP5-2">[2]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1.99 km2 (0.768 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2010)<a href="#cite_note-PLP5-2">[2]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">47,844</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">24,000/km2 (62,000/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Ethnicity<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-PLP3A-3">[3]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Asian</th><td class="infobox-data">63.9%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • White</th><td class="infobox-data">16.3%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Hispanic</th><td class="infobox-data">13.4%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Black</th><td class="infobox-data">4.8%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Other</th><td class="infobox-data">1.6%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Economics<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Median_household_income" class="mw-redirect" title="Median household income">Median income</a></th><td class="infobox-data">$68,657</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%925" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−5">UTC−5</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Time_Zone" title="Eastern Time Zone">Eastern</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%924" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−4">UTC−4</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Time_Zone" title="Eastern Time Zone">EDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ZIP_Code" title="ZIP Code">ZIP Codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">10002, 10013</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_codes_212,_646,_and_332" title="Area codes 212, 646, and 332">212, 332, 646</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Area_code_917" title="Area code 917">917</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data">曼哈頓華埠</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data">曼哈顿华埠</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Mànhādùn Huábù</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th><td class="infobox-data">ㄇㄢˋ ㄏㄚㄉㄨㄣˋ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄅㄨˋ</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Man4-ha1-tun4 hua2 pu4</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[mân.xá.twə̂n xwǎ.pû]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Maahn hā deuhn Wā bouh</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Maan6 haa1 deon6 waa1 bou6</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">[man˨.ha˥.tɵn˨ wa˥.pɔw˨]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Min" title="Eastern Min">Eastern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" title="Fuzhou dialect">Fuzhou</a> <a href="/wiki/Foochow_Romanized" class="mw-redirect" title="Foochow Romanized">BUC</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Man-ha-tún huà-pú</td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Alternative Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data">曼哈頓唐人街</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data">曼哈顿唐人街</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Mànhādùn Tángrénjiē</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th><td class="infobox-data">ㄇㄢˋ ㄏㄚㄉㄨㄣˋ ㄊㄤˊ ㄖㄣˊ ㄐㄧㄝ</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Man4-ha1-tun4 t'ang2 jen2 chieh1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[mân.xá.twə̂n tʰǎŋ.ɻə̌n.tɕjé]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Maahn hā deuhn Tòhng yàhn gāai</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Maan6 haa1 deon6 tong4 jan4 gaai1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">[man˨.ha˥.tɵn˨ tʰɔŋ˩.jɐn˩.kaj˥]</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="padding:0; border:none;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; font-size:110%; font-weight:bold;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF; line-height:1.5">Chinatown and Little Italy Historic District</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.5;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF;"><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">U.S. National Register of Historic Places</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.4; color: #202122; background: #E6E6FA"><a href="/wiki/Historic_districts_in_the_United_States" title="Historic districts in the United States">U.S. Historic district</a></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">NRHP reference <abbr title="number">No.</abbr></th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/10000012">10000012</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Added to NRHP</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">February 12, 2010</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>'s Chinatown<a href="#cite_note-4">[a]</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Manhattan" class="mw-redirect" title="Neighborhoods in Manhattan">neighborhood</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lower_Manhattan" title="Lower Manhattan">Lower Manhattan</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, bordering the <a href="/wiki/Lower_East_Side" title="Lower East Side">Lower East Side</a> to its east, <a href="/wiki/Little_Italy,_Manhattan" title="Little Italy, Manhattan">Little Italy</a> to its north, <a href="/wiki/Civic_Center,_Manhattan" title="Civic Center, Manhattan">Civic Center</a> to its south, and <a href="/wiki/Tribeca" title="Tribeca">Tribeca</a> to its west. With an estimated population of 90,000 to 100,000 people, Chinatown is home to the highest concentration of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese people in New York City">Chinese people</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Hemisphere" title="Western Hemisphere">Western Hemisphere</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ManhattanChinatownLargestConcentrationChineseWesternHemisphere-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-fact-sheet-6">[5]</a> Manhattan's <a href="/wiki/Chinatown" title="Chinatown">Chinatown</a> is also one of the oldest <a href="/wiki/Overseas_Chinese" title="Overseas Chinese">Chinese</a> <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_enclave" title="Ethnic enclave">ethnic enclaves</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a> The Manhattan Chinatown is one of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Americans in New York City">nine Chinatown neighborhoods in New York City</a>,<a href="#cite_note-NycNineChinatowns-8">[7]</a> as well as one of twelve in the <a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York metropolitan area</a>, which contains the largest ethnic Chinese population outside of Asia, comprising an estimated 893,697 uniracial individuals as of 2017.<a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a> Chinatown is also a densely populated neighborhood, with over 141,000 residents living in its vicinity encompassing 1.7 square miles, "of which 28.1% identified as Asian" in 2023.<a href="#cite_note-furmancenter.org-10">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> Historically, Chinatown was primarily populated by <a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Cantonese</a> speakers. However, in the 1980s and 1990s, large numbers of <a href="/wiki/Fuzhounese" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuzhounese">Fuzhounese</a>-speaking immigrants also arrived and formed a sub-neighborhood annexed to the eastern portion of Chinatown east of <a href="/wiki/The_Bowery" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bowery">The Bowery</a>, which has become known as <a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">Little Fuzhou</a> subdivided away from the primarily Cantonese populated original longtime established Chinatown of Manhattan from the proximity of <a href="/wiki/The_Bowery" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bowery">The Bowery</a> going west, known as <a href="/wiki/Little_Hong_Kong/Guangdong" class="mw-redirect" title="Little Hong Kong/Guangdong">Little Hong Kong/Guangdong</a>. As many Fuzhounese and Cantonese speakers now speak <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a>—the official language in <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">Mainland China</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>—in addition to their native <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">languages</a>, this has made it more important for Chinatown residents to learn and speak Mandarin.<a href="#cite_note-Chinesechange-12">[11]</a> Although now overtaken in size by the rapidly growing <a href="/wiki/Flushing_Chinatown" class="mw-redirect" title="Flushing Chinatown">Flushing Chinatown</a> (located in the New York City <a href="/wiki/Boroughs_of_New_York_City" title="Boroughs of New York City">borough</a> of <a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a>)<a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_Brooklyn" title="Chinatowns in Brooklyn">Brooklyn Chinatown</a>, the Manhattan Chinatown remains a dominant cultural force for the <a href="/wiki/Han_Chinese" title="Han Chinese">Chinese diaspora</a>, as home to the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Chinese_in_America" title="Museum of Chinese in America">Museum of Chinese in America</a> and as the <a href="/wiki/Headquarters" title="Headquarters">headquarters</a> of numerous publications based both in the U.S. and China that are geared to <a href="/wiki/Overseas_Chinese" title="Overseas Chinese">overseas Chinese</a>. Chinatown is part of <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_3" title="Manhattan Community Board 3">Manhattan Community District 3</a>, and its primary <a href="/wiki/ZIP_Code" title="ZIP Code">ZIP Codes</a> are 10013 and 10002.<a href="#cite_note-NYCPlanning-1">[1]</a> It is patrolled by the 5th Precinct of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Department" title="New York City Police Department">New York City Police Department</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Location">Location</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Location">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinatown_NYC_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Chinatown_NYC_map.jpg/260px-Chinatown_NYC_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="393" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Chinatown_NYC_map.jpg/390px-Chinatown_NYC_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Chinatown_NYC_map.jpg/520px-Chinatown_NYC_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="910" /></a><figcaption>Boundary approximations</figcaption></figure> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="position: relative; top: 0px; right: 0px; width: 400px;"><div class="thumbinner noresize" style="position: relative; top: 0px; right: 0px; outline:0px; border:0px; padding:0px; height: 240px; width: 400px;"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container floatright" style="width: 400px; height: 240px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="400" data-height="240" data-zoom="15" data-lat="40.7164" data-lon="-73.9953" href="/wiki/Special:Map/15/40.7164/-73.9953/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,15,40.7164,-73.9953,400x240.png?lang=en" width="400" height="240" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,15,40.7164,-73.9953,400x240@2x.png?lang=en 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: blue; top: -80px; left: 0px; width: 400px; height: 400px; transform: rotate(0deg); border-radius: 0px; background-color: #FFFFFF00; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 113px; left: -2px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 222px; left: 387px; width: 12px; height: 12px; background-color: transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright" title="About OpenStreetMaps" rel="nofollow"><img alt="About OpenStreetMaps" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/12px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/18px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 222px; left: 290px; width: 12px; height: 12px; background-color: transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Maps_Terms_of_Use" title="Maps: terms of use"><img alt="Maps: terms of use" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/12px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/18px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: blue; top: 196px; left: 319.5px; background-color:transparent; color:inherit; transform: rotate(0deg);"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Mapscaleline.svg/52px-Mapscaleline.svg.png" decoding="async" width="52" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Mapscaleline.svg/78px-Mapscaleline.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Mapscaleline.svg/104px-Mapscaleline.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="18" /></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 195.875px; left: 365px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> 200m 220yds</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: # #ffffffFF; top: 170.29230348005px; left: 365.3352555802px; width: 20px; height: 20px; transform: rotate(0deg); background-color: #ff0000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 173.29230348005px; left: 388.3352555802px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 170.29230348005px; left: 375.3352555802px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">11</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 170.29230348005px; left: 365.8352555802px; width: 20px; height: 20px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou"><img alt="Little Fuzhou" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/22px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/33px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/44px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: # #ffffffFF; top: 168.44664705727px; left: 309.41087811944px; width: 20px; height: 20px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 171.44664705727px; left: 331.91087811944px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 168.44664705727px; left: 318.91087811944px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">10</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 168.44664705727px; left: 309.41087811944px; width: 20px; height: 20px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_station" title="East Broadway station"><img alt="East Broadway station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/22px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/33px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/44px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: # #ffffffFF; top: 54.627953569961px; left: 223.14220183703px; width: 20px; height: 20px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 57.627953569961px; left: 245.64220183703px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 54.627953569961px; left: 232.64220183703px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">9</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 54.627953569961px; left: 223.14220183703px; width: 20px; height: 20px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Street_station_(IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line)" title="Grand Street station (IND Sixth Avenue Line)"><img alt="Grand Street station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/22px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/33px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/44px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: # #ffffffFF; top: 161.67922594127px; left: 171.11415465156px; width: 20px; height: 20px; transform: rotate(0deg); background-color: #ff0000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 164.67922594127px; left: 194.11415465156px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 161.67922594127px; left: 181.11415465156px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">8</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 161.67922594127px; left: 171.61415465156px; width: 20px; height: 20px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Confucius_Plaza" title="Confucius Plaza"><img alt="Confucius Plaza" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/22px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/33px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/44px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: # #ffffffFF; top: 195.82371335583px; left: 125.64823066499px; width: 20px; height: 20px; transform: rotate(0deg); background-color: #00aa00; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 198.82371335583px; left: 148.64823066499px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 195.82371335583px; left: 135.64823066499px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">7</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 195.82371335583px; left: 126.14823066499px; width: 20px; height: 20px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Chatham_Square" title="Chatham Square"><img alt="Chatham Square / Kimlau Square" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/22px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/33px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/44px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: # #ffffffFF; top: 167.585340157px; left: 103.07847968057px; width: 20px; height: 20px; transform: rotate(0deg); background-color: #ff0000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 170.585340157px; left: 126.07847968057px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 167.585340157px; left: 113.07847968057px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">6</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 167.585340157px; left: 103.57847968057px; width: 20px; height: 20px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Transfiguration,_Roman_Catholic_(Manhattan)" title="Church of the Transfiguration, Roman Catholic (Manhattan)"><img alt="Church of the Transfiguration" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/22px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/33px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/44px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: # #ffffffFF; top: 153.06611217845px; left: 106.06290956265px; width: 20px; height: 20px; transform: rotate(0deg); background-color: #ff0000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 156.06611217845px; left: 129.06290956265px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 153.06611217845px; left: 116.06290956265px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">5</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 153.06611217845px; left: 106.56290956265px; width: 20px; height: 20px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mott_Street" title="Mott Street"><img alt="Mott & Pell (Little Hong Kong)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/22px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/33px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/44px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: # #ffffffFF; top: 146.9138658844px; left: 78.083879416937px; width: 20px; height: 20px; transform: rotate(0deg); background-color: #00aa00; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 149.9138658844px; left: 101.08387941694px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 146.9138658844px; left: 88.083879416937px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">4</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 146.9138658844px; left: 78.583879416937px; width: 20px; height: 20px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Park_(Manhattan)" title="Columbus Park (Manhattan)"><img alt="Columbus Park / Dr. Sun Yat-sen Plaza" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/22px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/33px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/44px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: # #ffffffFF; top: 118.92091189119px; left: 93.4723459967px; width: 20px; height: 20px; transform: rotate(0deg); background-color: #ff0000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 121.92091189119px; left: 116.4723459967px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 118.92091189119px; left: 103.4723459967px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">3</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 118.92091189119px; left: 93.9723459967px; width: 20px; height: 20px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Chinese_in_America" title="Museum of Chinese in America"><img alt="Museum of Chinese in America" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/22px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/33px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/44px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div> <div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: # #ffffffFF; top: 48.475411547544px; left: 69.257536034902px; width: 20px; height: 20px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 51.475411547544px; left: 91.757536034902px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 48.475411547544px; left: 78.757536034902px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">2</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 48.475411547544px; left: 69.257536034902px; width: 20px; height: 20px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_station_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="Canal Street station (New York City Subway)"><img alt="Canal Street station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/22px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/33px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/44px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div> <div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: # #ffffffFF; top: 54.627953569961px; left: 15.131061589123px; width: 20px; height: 20px; transform: rotate(0deg); background-color: #ff0000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 57.627953569961px; left: 38.131061589123px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 54.627953569961px; left: 25.131061589123px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">1</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 54.627953569961px; left: 15.631061589123px; width: 20px; height: 20px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Pearl_River_Mart" title="Pearl River Mart"><img alt="Pearl River Mart" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/22px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/33px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/44px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute;top: 9px;left: 364px"><div style="color: white; opacity:100; font-size: 19px; font-weight:normal; text-align: left;"><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink no-icon" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Special:Map/16/40.7164/-73.9953/en" data-zoom="16" data-lat="40.7164" data-lon="-73.9953" data-overlays="["_387fa66ea3f91a30baa4f1fc3a020418338b8afb"]"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style> </a></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption">Selected locations in Chinatown, Manhattan <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style> Points of interest </li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> Parks and open spaces </li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> Transit </li></ul> </div> <div style="display:inline-block;line-height:95%;padding:0px 3px;border-radius:8px;background-color:#ff0000">1</div> <a href="/wiki/Pearl_River_Mart" title="Pearl River Mart">Pearl River Mart</a> <div style="display:inline-block;line-height:95%;padding:0px 3px;border-radius:8px;background-color:#000000">2</div> <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_station_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="Canal Street station (New York City Subway)">Canal Street station</a> <div style="display:inline-block;line-height:95%;padding:0px 3px;border-radius:8px;background-color:#ff0000">3</div> <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Chinese_in_America" title="Museum of Chinese in America">Museum of Chinese in America</a> <div style="display:inline-block;line-height:95%;padding:0px 3px;border-radius:8px;background-color:#00aa00">4</div> <a href="/wiki/Columbus_Park_(Manhattan)" title="Columbus Park (Manhattan)">Columbus Park</a> / Dr. Sun Yat-sen Plaza <div style="display:inline-block;line-height:95%;padding:0px 3px;border-radius:8px;background-color:#ff0000">5</div> <a href="/wiki/Mott_Street" title="Mott Street">Mott</a> & Pell (<a href="/wiki/Mott_Street#Little_Hong_Kong" title="Mott Street">Little Hong Kong</a>) <div style="display:inline-block;line-height:95%;padding:0px 3px;border-radius:8px;background-color:#ff0000">6</div> <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Transfiguration,_Roman_Catholic_(Manhattan)" title="Church of the Transfiguration, Roman Catholic (Manhattan)">Church of the Transfiguration</a> <div style="display:inline-block;line-height:95%;padding:0px 3px;border-radius:8px;background-color:#00aa00">7</div> <a href="/wiki/Chatham_Square" title="Chatham Square">Chatham Square</a> / Kimlau Square <div style="display:inline-block;line-height:95%;padding:0px 3px;border-radius:8px;background-color:#ff0000">8</div> <a href="/wiki/Confucius_Plaza" title="Confucius Plaza">Confucius Plaza</a> <div style="display:inline-block;line-height:95%;padding:0px 3px;border-radius:8px;background-color:#000000">9</div> <a href="/wiki/Grand_Street_station_(IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line)" title="Grand Street station (IND Sixth Avenue Line)">Grand Street station</a> <div style="display:inline-block;line-height:95%;padding:0px 3px;border-radius:8px;background-color:#000000">10</div> <a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_station" title="East Broadway station">East Broadway station</a> <div style="display:inline-block;line-height:95%;padding:0px 3px;border-radius:8px;background-color:#ff0000">11</div> <a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">Little Fuzhou</a></div></div></div> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> Although a New York Business Improvement District has been identified for support,<a href="#cite_note-cityland-14">[13]</a> Chinatown has no officially defined borders. The following streets are commonly considered the approximate borders:<a href="#cite_note-capitalnewyork1-15">[14]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hester_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Hester Street (Manhattan)">Hester Street</a> or <a href="/wiki/Grand_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Grand Street (Manhattan)">Grand Street</a> to the north,<a href="#cite_note-capitalnewyork1-15">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> bordering or overlapping <a href="/wiki/Little_Italy,_Manhattan" title="Little Italy, Manhattan">Little Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worth_Street" title="Worth Street">Worth Street</a> to the southwest, bordering <a href="/wiki/Civic_Center,_Manhattan" title="Civic Center, Manhattan">Civic Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="East Broadway (Manhattan)">East Broadway</a> to the southeast, bordering <a href="/wiki/Two_Bridges,_Manhattan" title="Two Bridges, Manhattan">Two Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex_Street" title="Essex Street">Essex Street</a> to the east, bordering the <a href="/wiki/Lower_East_Side" title="Lower East Side">Lower East Side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lafayette Street (Manhattan)">Lafayette Street</a> to the west, bordering <a href="/wiki/Tribeca" title="Tribeca">Tribeca</a></li></ul> The historic core of Chinatown is bounded by Chatham Square/Bowery, Worth, Baxter, and Canal.<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a>: 304  Mott (south of Canal), Mulberry, Bayard, Pell, Doyers, and Worth were settled by Chinese immigrants starting in the 1870s.<a href="#cite_note-NRHP-Howe-18">[17]</a>: 59, 64  The local branch of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Consolidated_Benevolent_Association" title="Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association">Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association</a> was founded at 10 Chatham Square in 1883 and later moved to the building at 16 Mott Street, now considered the "City Hall of Chinatown".<a href="#cite_note-NRHP-Howe-18">[17]</a>: 67  <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citywide_demographics">Citywide demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Citywide demographics">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._cities_with_significant_Chinese-American_populations" title="List of U.S. cities with significant Chinese-American populations">List of U.S. cities with significant Chinese-American populations</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Americans in New York City">Chinese Americans in New York City</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatowns in New York City">Chinatowns in New York City</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinatown_-_East_Broadway.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Chinatown_-_East_Broadway.jpg/350px-Chinatown_-_East_Broadway.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Chinatown_-_East_Broadway.jpg/525px-Chinatown_-_East_Broadway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Chinatown_-_East_Broadway.jpg/700px-Chinatown_-_East_Broadway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2812" data-file-height="2263" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">Little Fuzhou</a> (on <a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="East Broadway (Manhattan)">East Broadway</a>) is seen from the <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Bridge" title="Manhattan Bridge">Manhattan Bridge</a>.</figcaption></figure> The Manhattan Chinatown is one of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Americans in New York City">nine Chinatown neighborhoods in New York City</a>, as well as one of twelve in the <a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York metropolitan area</a>, which contains the largest ethnic Chinese population outside of Asia, enumerating an estimated 779,269 individuals as of 2013;<a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a> the remaining Chinatowns are located in the boroughs of <a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a> (up to four, depending upon definition)<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a> (three) and in <a href="/wiki/Nassau_County,_New_York" title="Nassau County, New York">Nassau County</a>, all on <a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_State" class="mw-redirect" title="New York State">New York State</a>; as well as in <a href="/wiki/Edison,_New_Jersey" title="Edison, New Jersey">Edison</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Parsippany-Troy_Hills,_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Parsippany-Troy Hills, New Jersey">Parsippany-Troy Hills</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>. In addition, Manhattan's <a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">Little Fuzhou</a>, an enclave populated primarily by more recent <a href="/wiki/Chinese_emigration" title="Chinese emigration">Chinese immigrants</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Fujian_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Fujian Province">Fujian Province</a> of China, is technically considered a part of Manhattan's Chinatown, albeit now developing a separate identity of its own. A new and rapidly growing Chinese community in <a href="/wiki/East_Harlem" title="East Harlem">East Harlem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uptown_Manhattan" class="mw-redirect" title="Uptown Manhattan">Uptown Manhattan</a>, nearly tripled in population between the years 2000 and 2010, according to <a href="/wiki/U.S._Census" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Census">U.S. Census</a> figures.<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a> This neighborhood has been described as the precursor to a new <a href="/wiki/Commuter_town" title="Commuter town">satellite</a> Chinatown within Manhattan itself,<a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a> which upon acknowledged formation would represent the second Chinese neighborhood in Manhattan, the tenth large Chinese settlement in New York City, and the twelfth within the overall New York City metropolitan region. As the city proper with the largest ethnic Chinese population outside of Asia by a wide margin, estimated at 628,763 as of 2017,<a href="#cite_note-NYCChineseA1-27">[26]</a> and as the primary destination for <a href="/wiki/Chinese_emigration" title="Chinese emigration">new Chinese immigrants</a>,<a href="#cite_note-2012ChineseImmigration-28">[27]</a> New York City is subdivided into official municipal <a href="/wiki/Borough_(New_York_City)" class="mw-redirect" title="Borough (New York City)">boroughs</a>, which themselves are home to significant Chinese populations, with <a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Brooklyn" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Flushing" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Flushing">Queens</a>, adjacently located on <a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a>, leading the fastest growth.<a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a> After the City of New York itself, the boroughs of Queens and Brooklyn encompass the largest Chinese populations, respectively, of all municipalities in the United States. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1107446436">.mw-parser-output .wikitable.plain-row-headers th[scope=row],.mw-parser-output .wikitable.plain-row-headers th[scope=rowgroup]{font-weight:normal;text-align:left}</style> <table class="wikitable sortable plain-row-headers"> <caption>Chinese Americans in New York City<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">borough </th> <th colspan="2">Chinese Americans residents </th></tr> <tr> <th>percent </th> <th>number </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_Queens" title="Chinatowns in Queens">Queens</a> </th> <td align="right">10.2 </td> <td align="right">265,135 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_Brooklyn#Chinatownscape" title="Chinatowns in Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a> </th> <td align="right">7.9 </td> <td align="right">222,059 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manhattan</a> </th> <td align="right">6.6 </td> <td align="right">119,208 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island" title="Staten Island">Staten Island</a> </th> <td align="right">2.9 </td> <td align="right">27,707 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Bronx" title="The Bronx">The Bronx</a> </th> <td align="right">0.5 </td> <td align="right">7,859 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City#Demographics" title="New York City">New York City</a> </th> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">573,388 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ah_Ken_and_early_Chinese_immigration">Ah Ken and early Chinese immigration</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ah Ken and early Chinese immigration">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ah_Ken" title="Ah Ken">Ah Ken</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224496135">.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop{border-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:0.3em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop caption{background-color:lavender;color:black;padding-right:0.2em;padding-left:0.2em;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop th[scope=col]{border-bottom:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(2){text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td.us-census-pop-estimate{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(3){padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(4){padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-footnote{border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-none{float:none;margin:0 1em 1em 0}}</style> <table class="us-census-pop us-census-pop-right"> <caption>Historical population</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col">Census</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th><th scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style>Note</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr></th></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td>51,439</td><td></td><td>—</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td>59,320</td><td></td><td>15.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td>52,613</td><td></td><td>−11.3%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="us-census-pop-footnote">Asian American population<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Ah_Ken" title="Ah Ken">Ah Ken</a> is claimed to have arrived in the area during the 1850s; he is the first Chinese person credited as having permanently immigrated to Chinatown. As a Cantonese businessman, Ah Ken eventually founded a successful <a href="/wiki/Cigar" title="Cigar">cigar</a> store on <a href="/wiki/Park_Row_(Manhattan)" title="Park Row (Manhattan)">Park Row</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Moss-33">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Harlow-34">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hemp-35">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a> He first arrived around 1858 in New York City, where he was "probably one of those Chinese mentioned in gossip of the sixties [1860s] as peddling 'awful' cigars at three cents apiece from little stands along the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Hall" title="New York City Hall">City Hall</a> park fence – offering a paper spill and a tiny <a href="/wiki/Oil_lamp" title="Oil lamp">oil lamp</a> as a lighter", according to author <a href="/wiki/Alvin_F._Harlow" title="Alvin F. Harlow">Alvin Harlow</a> in Old Bowery Days: The Chronicles of a Famous Street (1931).<a href="#cite_note-Harlow-34">[33]</a> In the 1850s, the <a href="/wiki/California_Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="California Gold Rush">California Gold Rush</a> brought a wave of Chinese immigration to the United States. Approximately 25,000 Chinese immigrants left their homes in search for gam saan ("gold mountain") in California.<a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a> In New York, immigrants found work as "cigar men" or carrying <a href="/wiki/Billboard" title="Billboard">billboards</a>, and Ah Ken's particular success encouraged cigar makers William Longford, John Occoo, and John Ava to also ply their trade in Chinatown, eventually forming a <a href="/wiki/Monopoly" title="Monopoly">monopoly</a> on the cigar trade.<a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a> It has been speculated that it may have been Ah Ken who kept a small <a href="/wiki/Boarding_house" title="Boarding house">boarding house</a> on lower <a href="/wiki/Mott_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mott Street (Manhattan)">Mott Street</a> and rented out <a href="/wiki/Bunk_bed" title="Bunk bed">bunks</a> to the first Chinese immigrants to arrive in Chinatown. It was with the profits he earned as a landlord, earning an average of $100 per month, that he was able to open his Park Row smoke shop around which modern-day Chinatown would grow.<a href="#cite_note-Moss-33">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hemp-35">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-FWP-39">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chinese_exclusion_period">Chinese exclusion period</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Chinese exclusion period">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Doyers_Street_-_postcard_-_1898.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Doyers_Street_-_postcard_-_1898.jpg/240px-Doyers_Street_-_postcard_-_1898.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Doyers_Street_-_postcard_-_1898.jpg/360px-Doyers_Street_-_postcard_-_1898.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Doyers_Street_-_postcard_-_1898.jpg 2x" data-file-width="418" data-file-height="272" /></a><figcaption>Doyers Street in an 1898 postcard</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:El%27_Second_and_Third_Avenue_Lines,_looking_toward_Doyers_Street,_Manhattan_(NYPL_b13668355-482677).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/El%27_Second_and_Third_Avenue_Lines%2C_looking_toward_Doyers_Street%2C_Manhattan_%28NYPL_b13668355-482677%29.jpg/240px-El%27_Second_and_Third_Avenue_Lines%2C_looking_toward_Doyers_Street%2C_Manhattan_%28NYPL_b13668355-482677%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/El%27_Second_and_Third_Avenue_Lines%2C_looking_toward_Doyers_Street%2C_Manhattan_%28NYPL_b13668355-482677%29.jpg/360px-El%27_Second_and_Third_Avenue_Lines%2C_looking_toward_Doyers_Street%2C_Manhattan_%28NYPL_b13668355-482677%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/El%27_Second_and_Third_Avenue_Lines%2C_looking_toward_Doyers_Street%2C_Manhattan_%28NYPL_b13668355-482677%29.jpg/480px-El%27_Second_and_Third_Avenue_Lines%2C_looking_toward_Doyers_Street%2C_Manhattan_%28NYPL_b13668355-482677%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8613" data-file-height="6815" /></a><figcaption>Doyers Street in Chinatown in 1938</figcaption></figure> In 1873, the United States entered a period of economic difficulty known as the <a href="/wiki/Long_Depression" title="Long Depression">Long Depression</a>.<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> As a result, Americans increasingly competed for jobs that were typically performed by Chinese immigrants. The period was marked by increased <a href="/wiki/Racial_discrimination" title="Racial discrimination">racial discrimination</a>, anti-Chinese riots (particularly in California),<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a> and new laws that prevented participation in many occupations on the U.S. <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a>. Consequently, many Chinese immigrants moved to the <a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</a> cities in search of employment. Early businesses in East Coast cities included <a href="/wiki/Chinese_laundry" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese laundry">hand laundries</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chinese_restaurant" title="Chinese restaurant">restaurants</a>. Chinatown started on Mott, Park (now Mosco), Pell, and <a href="/wiki/Doyers_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doyers Street (Manhattan)">Doyers</a> Streets, east of the notorious <a href="/wiki/Five_Points,_Manhattan" title="Five Points, Manhattan">Five Points</a> district. By 1870 there was a Chinese population of 200. By 1882, when the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Exclusion_Act_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Exclusion Act (United States)">Chinese Exclusion Act</a> was passed, the population was up to 2,000 residents. In 1900, the US Census reported 7,028 Chinese males in residence, but only 142 Chinese women. This significant gender inequality remained until the repeal of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Exclusion_Act_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Exclusion Act (United States)">Chinese Exclusion Act</a> in 1943.<a href="#cite_note-Wang1999-43">[42]</a> Wenfei Wang, Shangyi Zhou, and C. Cindy Fan, authors of "Growth and Decline of Muslim Hui Enclaves in Beijing", wrote that because of immigration restrictions, Chinatown continued to be "virtually a bachelor society" until 1965.<a href="#cite_note-WangZhouFanp106-44">[43]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:On_Leong_building,_Canal_%26_Mott.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/On_Leong_building%2C_Canal_%26_Mott.JPG/240px-On_Leong_building%2C_Canal_%26_Mott.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/On_Leong_building%2C_Canal_%26_Mott.JPG/360px-On_Leong_building%2C_Canal_%26_Mott.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/On_Leong_building%2C_Canal_%26_Mott.JPG/480px-On_Leong_building%2C_Canal_%26_Mott.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1417" data-file-height="1653" /></a><figcaption>The landmark <a href="/wiki/On_Leong" class="mw-redirect" title="On Leong">On Leong Building (曼哈頓華埠)</a> at the intersection of <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mott_Street" title="Mott Street">Mott Street</a> in Chinatown</figcaption></figure> The early days of Chinatown were dominated by Chinese "<a href="/wiki/Tong_(gang)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tong (gang)">tongs</a>" (now sometimes rendered neutrally as "<a href="/wiki/Voluntary_association" title="Voluntary association">associations</a>"), which were a mixture of <a href="/wiki/Clan" title="Clan">clan</a> associations, landsman's associations, political alliances (<a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> (Nationalists) vs <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a>), and more secretly, <a href="/wiki/Organized_crime" title="Organized crime">crime syndicates</a>. The associations started to give protection from anti-Chinese harassment. Each of these associations was aligned with a <a href="/wiki/Street_gang" class="mw-redirect" title="Street gang">street gang</a>. The associations were a source of assistance to new <a href="/wiki/Chinese_emigration" title="Chinese emigration">immigrants</a>, giving out <a href="/wiki/Loan" title="Loan">loans</a>, aiding in starting businesses, and so forth. The associations formed a governing body named the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Consolidated_Benevolent_Association" title="Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association">Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association</a>. Though this body was meant to foster relations between the Tongs, open warfare periodically flared between the <a href="/wiki/On_Leong" class="mw-redirect" title="On Leong">On Leong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hip_Sing" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip Sing">Hip Sing</a> tongs. Much of the Chinese <a href="/wiki/Gang" title="Gang">gang</a> warfare took place on Doyers street. Gangs like the <a href="/wiki/Ghost_Shadows" title="Ghost Shadows">Ghost Shadows</a> and <a href="/wiki/Flying_Dragons_(gang)" title="Flying Dragons (gang)">Flying Dragons</a> were prevalent until the 1990s. The Chinese gangs controlled certain territories of Manhattan's Chinatown. The <a href="/wiki/On_Leong" class="mw-redirect" title="On Leong">On Leong</a> and its affiliate <a href="/wiki/Ghost_Shadows" title="Ghost Shadows">Ghost Shadows</a> were of Cantonese and <a href="/wiki/Taishan,_Guangdong" title="Taishan, Guangdong">Toishan</a> descent, and controlled Mott, Bayard, <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mulberry_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Mulberry Street (Manhattan)">Mulberry</a> Streets. The <a href="/wiki/Flying_Dragons_(gang)" title="Flying Dragons (gang)">Flying Dragons</a> and its affiliate <a href="/wiki/Hip_Sing" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip Sing">Hip Sing</a> also of Cantonese and Toishan descent controlled Doyers, Pell, <a href="/wiki/Bowery" title="Bowery">Bowery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Grand Street (Manhattan)">Grand</a>, and Hester Streets. Other Chinese gangs also existed, like the Hung Ching and Chih Kung gangs of Cantonese and Toishan descent, which were affiliated with each other and also gained control of Mott Street. <a href="/wiki/Born_to_Kill_(gang)" title="Born to Kill (gang)">Born to Kill</a>, also known as the Canal Boys, a gang composed almost entirely of Vietnamese immigrants from the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/David_Thai" title="David Thai">David Thai</a> had control over Broadway, Canal, Baxter, <a href="/wiki/Centre_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Centre Street (Manhattan)">Centre</a>, and Lafayette Streets.<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> Fujianese gangs also existed, such as the Tung On gang, which affiliated with Tsung Tsin, and had control over East Broadway, Catherine and Division Streets and the Fuk Ching gang affiliated with Fukien American controlled East Broadway, Chrystie, <a href="/wiki/Forsyth_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Forsyth Street (Manhattan)">Forsyth</a>, Eldridge, and Allen Streets. At one point, a gang named the Freemasons gang, which was of Cantonese descent, had attempted to claim East Broadway as its territory.<a href="#cite_note-Chin2000-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-Keefe2009-47">[46]</a>: 75 <a href="#cite_note-Lin1998-48">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-LLC1983-49">[48]</a> <a href="/wiki/Columbus_Park_(Manhattan)" title="Columbus Park (Manhattan)">Columbus Park</a>, the only park in Chinatown, was built in 1897 on what was once the center of the infamous <a href="/wiki/Five_Points,_Manhattan" title="Five Points, Manhattan">Five Points</a> neighborhood. During the 19th century, this was the most dangerous <a href="/wiki/Ghetto" title="Ghetto">ghetto</a> area of immigrant New York, as portrayed in the book and film <a href="/wiki/Gangs_of_New_York" title="Gangs of New York">Gangs of New York</a>.<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-1965_reform">Post-1965 reform</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Post-1965 reform">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinatown_manhattan_2009.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Chinatown_manhattan_2009.JPG/240px-Chinatown_manhattan_2009.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Chinatown_manhattan_2009.JPG/360px-Chinatown_manhattan_2009.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Chinatown_manhattan_2009.JPG/480px-Chinatown_manhattan_2009.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>A typical scene on Pell Street, 2009</figcaption></figure> In the years after the United States enacted the <a href="/wiki/Immigration_and_Nationality_Act_of_1965" title="Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965">Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965</a>, allowing many more immigrants from Asia into the country, the population of Chinatown increased dramatically. Geographically, much of the growth occurred in neighborhoods to the north. The Chinatown grew and became more oriented toward families due to the lifting of restrictions.<a href="#cite_note-WangZhouFanp106-44">[43]</a> In the earliest years of the existence of Manhattan's Chinatown, it had been primarily populated by <a href="/wiki/Taishanese" title="Taishanese">Taishanese</a>-speaking Chinese immigrants and the borderlines of the enclave was originally <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal Street</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/Bowery" title="Bowery">Bowery</a> to the east, <a href="/wiki/Worth_Street" title="Worth Street">Worth Street</a> to the south, and <a href="/wiki/Mulberry_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Mulberry Street (Manhattan)">Mulberry Street</a> to the west.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Influx_of_immigrants_from_Hong_Kong_and_Guangdong">Influx of immigrants from Hong Kong and Guangdong</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Influx of immigrants from Hong Kong and Guangdong">edit</a>]</div> After 1965, there came a wave of Cantonese speakers from Hong Kong and Guangdong province in mainland China, and <a href="/wiki/Standard_Cantonese" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard Cantonese">Standard Cantonese</a> became the dominant tongue. With the influx of Hong Kong immigrants, it was developing and growing into a Hong Kongese neighborhood, however the growth slowed down later on during the 1980s–90s.<a href="#cite_note-Skeldon1994-51">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-ChanPostiglione1996-52">[51]</a> Through the 1970s and 1980s, the influx of Guangdong and Hong Kong immigrants began to develop newer portions of Manhattan's Chinatown going north of Canal Street and then later the east of <a href="/wiki/The_Bowery" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bowery">the Bowery</a>. However, until the 1980s, the western section was the most primarily fully Chinese developed and populated part of Chinatown and the most quickly flourishing busy central Chinese business district with still a little bit of remaining Italians in the very northwest portion around Grand Street and Broome Street, which eventually all moved away and became all Chinese by the 1990s.<a href="#cite_note-Durham2006-53">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bramblett2003-54">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-Singer1981-55">[54]</a> Although the portion of Chinatown that is east of the Bowery—which is considered part of the Lower East Side already started developing as being part of Chinatown since the influx of Chinese immigrants started spilling over into that section since the 1960s, however until the 1980s, it was still not developing as quickly as the western portion of Chinatown because the proportion and concentration of Chinese residents in the eastern section during that time was comparatively growing at a slower rate and being more scattered than the western section in addition to the fact that there was a higher proportion of remaining non-Chinese residents consisting of Jewish, Puerto Ricans, and a few Italians and African Americans than Chinatown's western section.<a href="#cite_note-Inc1959-56">[55]</a> During the 1970s and 1980s, the eastern portion of Chinatown east of the Bowery was a very quiet section, and despite fears of crime, it was seen as attractive because of the availability of vacant affordable apartments.<a href="#cite_note-Mele2000-57">[56]</a> Chinese female garment workers were especially targets of crime and often left work together to protect each other as they were heading home.<a href="#cite_note-Bao2001-58">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-Willett1996-59">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-DempseyForst2011-60">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lin2005-61">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mendelsohn2009-62">[61]</a> In May 1985, a gang-related shooting injured seven people, including a 4-year-old boy, at 30 East Broadway in Chinatown. Two males, who were 15 and 16 years old and were members of a Chinese street gang, were arrested and convicted.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a> Many <a href="/wiki/Hoa_people" title="Hoa people">Chinese Vietnamese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laotian_Chinese" title="Laotian Chinese">Laotian Chinese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Cambodians" title="Chinese Cambodians">Chinese Cambodians</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Chinese" title="Malaysian Chinese">Malaysian Chinese</a> immigrants also settled into the neighborhood as well.<a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a> Starting in the 1970s, Mandarin-speaking Taiwanese immigrants and then many other Non-Cantonese Chinese immigrants also were arriving into New York City. However, due to the traditional dominance of Cantonese-speaking residents, which were largely working class in Manhattan's Chinatown and the neighborhood's poor housing conditions, they were unable to relate to Manhattan's Chinatown and mainly settled in Flushing, creating a more middle class <a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Flushing" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Flushing">Mandarin Town</a> and an even smaller one in Elmhurst. As a result, Manhattan's Chinatown and Brooklyn's emerging Chinatown were able to continue retaining its traditional, almost-exclusive Cantonese society. However, there was already a small and slow-growing <a href="/wiki/Fuzhounese_Americans" title="Fuzhounese Americans">Fuzhou immigrant</a> population in Manhattan's Chinatown since the 1970s–80s in the eastern section of Chinatown east of the Bowery. In the 1990s, though, Chinese people began to move into some parts of the western <a href="/wiki/Lower_East_Side" title="Lower East Side">Lower East Side</a>, which 50 years earlier was populated by <a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern European Jews">Eastern European Jews</a> and 20 years earlier was occupied by <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanic people">Hispanics</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Little_Fuzhou">Little Fuzhou</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Little Fuzhou">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">Little Fuzhou</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fukien_American.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Fukien_American.jpg/220px-Fukien_American.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="391" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Fukien_American.jpg/330px-Fukien_American.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Fukien_American.jpg/440px-Fukien_American.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fukien American</a> Association on <a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="East Broadway (Manhattan)">East Broadway</a> in <a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">Little Fuzhou</a></figcaption></figure> From the late 1980s through the 1990s, when a large influx of immigrants from Fuzhou, who largely also spoke Mandarin along with their native Fuzhou dialect began moving into <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, they were the only exceptional group of Chinese that were non-Cantonese to largely settle into Manhattan's Chinatown. Due to the fact that the Chinatown area were mostly populated by Cantonese speakers, the Fuzhou speaking immigrants had a lot of trouble relating to the neighborhood linguistically and culturally and as a result, they settled on the eastern borderline of Manhattan's Chinatown east of The Bowery, which during that time was more of an overlapping population of Chinese, Puerto Ricans, and Jewish as well as had significant vacant apartment units and were more affordable than in the more Mandarin-speaking enclaves in Flushing and Elmhurst, and many Fuzhou immigrants had no legal status and being forced into the lowest paying jobs. As they settled in the eastern borderline of Chinatown along East Broadway and Eldridge Street, it became fully part of Chinatown and slowly through the 1990s it would develop into being Little Fuzhou. This has resulted in referring to East Broadway as Fuzhou Street No. 1, which emerged during the late 1980s and early 1990s, and Eldridge Street as Fuzhou Street No. 2, which developed during the mid-1990s and early 2000s. <a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">Little Fuzhou</a> became known as a new Chinatown, separate from the older, more Cantonese-dominated Chinatown from The Bowery going west, though there are still a little bit of remaining long time Cantonese residents and businesses in and around what is now the Little Fuzhou enclave.<a href="#cite_note-Tsui2009-69">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-Chin1999-70">[69]</a>: 20  Not only did the Fuzhou immigration influx establish a new portion of Manhattan's Chinatown, they contributed significantly in maintaining the Chinese population in the neighborhood. They also played a role in <a href="/wiki/Real_estate_appraisal" title="Real estate appraisal">property values</a> increasing quickly during the 1990s, in contrast to during the 1980s, when the housing prices were dropping. As a result, landlords were able to generate twice as much income in Manhattan's, Flushing's, and Brooklyn's Chinatowns.<a href="#cite_note-Zhao2010-71">[70]</a>: 114  Since the 2010s, gentrification has been setting into the Chinatown neighborhood including the Little Fuzhou enclave. Large numbers of Fuzhou speakers have been rapidly moving out of Manhattan's Chinatown with many shifting to Brooklyn's Chinatown in Sunset Park, which has now overwhelmingly taken over as the largest Fuzhou community of <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. Many Fuzhou owned businesses have now closed with increasing numbers of storefronts becoming vacant in the enclave and is now increasingly becoming quieter with fewer and fewer consumers walking around.<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto5-74">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto3-78">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Migration_to_Brooklyn_Chinatown">Migration to Brooklyn Chinatown</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Migration to Brooklyn Chinatown">edit</a>]</div> The increasing Fuzhou influx had shifted into the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Chinatown" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Chinatown">Brooklyn Chinatown</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Sunset_Park,_Brooklyn" title="Sunset Park, Brooklyn">Sunset Park</a> section of <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a>. This shift replaces the Cantonese population throughout Brooklyn's Sunset Park Chinatown significantly more rapidly than in Manhattan's Chinatown.<a href="#cite_note-auto2-82">[81]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gentrification" title="Gentrification">Gentrification</a> in Manhattan's Chinatown has slowed the growth of Fuzhou immigration as well as the growth of Chinese immigrants to Manhattan in general,<a href="#cite_note-auto-83">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-kwong-84">[83]</a> which is why New York City's rapidly growing Chinese population has now shifted primarily to the boroughs of <a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a> and Brooklyn. Some Chinese <a href="/wiki/Landlord" title="Landlord">landlords</a> in Manhattan, especially the many real estate agencies that are mainly of Cantonese ownership, were accused of prejudice against the Fuzhou immigrants, supposedly making Fuzhou immigrants feel unwelcome because concerns that they would not be able to pay rent or debt to gangs that may have helped smuggled them in illegally into the United States, and because of fear that gangs will come up to the apartments to cause trouble.<a href="#cite_note-Zhao2010-71">[70]</a>: 108 <a href="#cite_note-Sweatshop_USA-85">[84]</a> There is also supposedly a concern that Fujianese are more likely to make the apartments too overcrowded by subdividing an apartment into multiple small spaces to rent to other Fuzhou immigrants. This could also be particularly seen on <a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="East Broadway (Manhattan)">East Broadway</a>.<a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> Although Mandarin is spoken as a native language among only 10 percent of Chinese speakers in Manhattan's Chinatown, it is used as a secondary <a href="/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect">dialect</a> among the greatest number of them. Although <a href="/wiki/Min_Chinese" title="Min Chinese">Min Chinese</a>, especially the <a href="/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" title="Fuzhou dialect">Fuzhou dialect</a>, is spoken natively by a third of the Chinese population in the city, it is not used as a lingua franca because speakers of other dialect groups do not learn Min.<a href="#cite_note-Garcia-87">[86]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Little_Hong_Kong/Guangdong">Little Hong Kong/Guangdong</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Little Hong Kong/Guangdong">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mott_Street#Little_Hong_Kong#Guangdong" title="Mott Street">Mott Street § Little Hong Kong#Guangdong</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_York_City_Chinatown_Celebration_004.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/New_York_City_Chinatown_Celebration_004.jpg/240px-New_York_City_Chinatown_Celebration_004.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/New_York_City_Chinatown_Celebration_004.jpg/360px-New_York_City_Chinatown_Celebration_004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/New_York_City_Chinatown_Celebration_004.jpg/480px-New_York_City_Chinatown_Celebration_004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Chinese_New_Year" title="Chinese New Year">Chinese New Year</a> celebration in Chinatown</figcaption></figure> As the epicenter of the massive Fuzhou influx has shifted to <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a> in the 2000s, Manhattan's Chinatown's Cantonese population remains viable and large and successfully continues to retain its stable Cantonese community identity, maintaining the communal gathering venue established decades ago in the western portion of Chinatown, to shop, work, and socialize—in contrast to the Cantonese population and community identity which are shifting from Brooklyn's original Sunset Park Chinatown to the satellite Chinatowns in Brooklyn. Although the term Little Hong Kong was used a long time ago to describe Manhattan's Chinatown relating to when an influx of Hong Kong immigrants was pouring in at that time and even though not all Cantonese immigrants come from Hong Kong, this portion of Chinatown has heavy Cantonese characteristics, especially with the <a href="/wiki/Standard_Cantonese" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard Cantonese">Standard Cantonese</a>, which is spoken in Hong Kong and <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou,_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Guangzhou, China">Guangzhou, China</a> being widely used, so it is in many ways a Little Hong Kong. A more appropriate term would be Little Guangdong-Hong Kong or <a href="/wiki/Mott_Street" title="Mott Street">Cantonese-Hong Kong Town</a> since the Cantonese immigrants do come from different regions of the <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> province of China including <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>. The long-time established Cantonese Community, which can be considered <a href="/wiki/Mott_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mott Street (Manhattan)">Little Hong Kong/Guang Dong</a> or known as the Old Chinatown of Manhattan lies along Mott, Pell, Doyer, Bayard, Elizabeth, Mulberry, Canal, and Bowery Streets, within Manhattan's Chinatown.<a href="#cite_note-Durham2006-53">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bramblett2003-54">[53]</a> Newer satellite Little Guangdong-Hong Kong has started to emerge in sections of Bensonhurst and Sheepshead Bay/Homecrest in Brooklyn. However, there are more scattered and mixed in with other ethnic enclaves. This is a result of many Cantonese residents migrating to these neighborhoods. Bensonhurst carries the majority of Brooklyn's Cantonese enclaves/population. Originally, the Sunset Park Chinatown was a small satellite of Manhattan's Western Cantonese Chinatown, but since the 2000s, Cantonese speakers in Brooklyn have been largely shifting to and concentrating in Bensonhurst and Sheepshead Bay/Homecrest while the Sunset Park Chinatown has largely grown into being a very large Fuzhou speaking enclave.<a href="#cite_note-auto1-88">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto2-82">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fuzhounese-Cantonese_relations">Fuzhounese-Cantonese relations</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Fuzhounese-Cantonese relations">edit</a>]</div> The Fuzhou immigration pattern started out in the 1970s, like the Cantonese immigration during the late 1800s to early 1900s that had established Manhattan's Chinatown on Mott Street, Pell Street, and Doyers Street. The immigrants were initially mostly men who later brought their families over. The beginning influx of Fuzhou immigrants arriving during the 1980s and 1990s were entering into a Chinese community that was extremely Cantonese dominated. Due to the Fuzhou immigrants having no legal status and inability to speak Cantonese, many were denied jobs in Chinatown as a result, causing many of them to resort to crimes. There was a lot of Cantonese resentment against Fuzhou immigrants arriving into Chinatown.<a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-RosenbergDunford2011-92">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-KyleKoslowski2001-93">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-Guest2003-94">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kwong1996-95">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-HainesRosenblum1999-96">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics_and_culture">Demographics and culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Demographics and culture">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_York_City_Chinatown_Celebration_005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/New_York_City_Chinatown_Celebration_005.jpg/240px-New_York_City_Chinatown_Celebration_005.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/New_York_City_Chinatown_Celebration_005.jpg/360px-New_York_City_Chinatown_Celebration_005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/New_York_City_Chinatown_Celebration_005.jpg/480px-New_York_City_Chinatown_Celebration_005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="568" data-file-height="426" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Street_fair" title="Street fair">Street fairs</a> are common in Chinatown</figcaption></figure> In 2000, most of Chinatown's residents came from Asia. That year, the number of residents was 84,840, and 66% of them were Asian.<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demographics">Demographics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> The census tabulation area for Chinatown is bounded to the north by <a href="/wiki/Houston_Street" title="Houston Street">Houston Street</a>; to the east by <a href="/wiki/Avenue_B_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue B (Manhattan)">Avenue B</a>, Norfolk Street, <a href="/wiki/Essex_Street" title="Essex Street">Essex Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/Allen_Street" title="Allen Street">Pike Street</a>; to the south by Frankfort Street; and to the west by <a href="/wiki/Centre_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Centre Street (Manhattan)">Centre Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bowery" title="Bowery">Bowery</a>. Based on data from the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census">2010 United States Census</a>, the population of Chinatown was 47,844, a change of −4,531 (−9.5%) from the 52,375 counted in <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2000 United States Census">2000</a>. Covering an area of 332.27 acres (134.46 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 144 inhabitants per acre (92,000/sq mi; 36,000/km2).<a href="#cite_note-PLP5-2">[2]</a> The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 16.3% (7,817) <a href="/wiki/White_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="White (U.S. Census)">White</a>, 4.8% (2,285) <a href="/wiki/African_American_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="African American (U.S. Census)">African American</a>, 0.1% (38) <a href="/wiki/Native_American_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American (U.S. Census)">Native American</a>, 63.9% (30,559) <a href="/wiki/Asian_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian (U.S. Census)">Asian</a>, 0% (11) <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)">Pacific Islander</a>, 0.2% (75) from <a href="/wiki/Race_(United_States_Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Race (United States Census)">other races</a>, and 1.3% (639) from two or more races. <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanic (U.S. Census)">Hispanic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Latino_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Latino (U.S. Census)">Latino</a> of any race were 13.4% (6,420) of the population.<a href="#cite_note-PLP3A-3">[3]</a> The racial composition of Chinatown changed substantially from 2000 to 2010, with the most significant changes being the increase in the White population by 42% (2,321), the decrease in the Asian population by 15% (5,461), and the decrease in the Hispanic / Latino population by 15% (1,121). The Black population decreased by 3% (62) and remained a small minority, while the very small population of all other races decreased by 21% (208).<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a> Chinatown lies in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_3" title="Manhattan Community Board 3">Manhattan Community District 3</a>, which encompasses Chinatown, the <a href="/wiki/East_Village,_Manhattan" title="East Village, Manhattan">East Village</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Lower_East_Side" title="Lower East Side">Lower East Side</a>. Community District 3 had 171,103 residents as of <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_Health_and_Mental_Hygiene" title="New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene">NYC Health</a>'s 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 82.2 years.<a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 2, 20  This is higher than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods.<a href="#cite_note-:21-100">[99]</a>: 53 (PDF p. 84)  Most residents are adults: a plurality (35%) are between the ages of 25 and 44, while 25% are between 45 and 64, and 16% are 65 or older. The ratio of youth and college-aged residents was lower, at 13% and 11%, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 2  As of 2017, the median <a href="/wiki/Household_income" class="mw-redirect" title="Household income">household income</a> in Community District 3 was $39,584.<a href="#cite_note-CB3PUMA-101">[100]</a> In 2018, an estimated 18% of Community District 3 residents lived in poverty, compared to 14% in all of Manhattan and 20% in all of New York City. One in twelve residents (8%) were unemployed, compared to 7% in Manhattan and 9% in New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 48% in Community District 3, compared to the boroughwide and citywide rates of 45% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, as of 2018<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit">[update]</a>, Community District 3 is considered to be <a href="/wiki/Gentrification" title="Gentrification">gentrifying</a>: according to the Community Health Profile, the district was low-income in 1990 and has seen above-median rent growth up to 2010.<a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 7  The <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_City_Planning" title="New York City Department of City Planning">New York City Department of City Planning</a> released updated 2020 census data on the Asian population of New York City. Manhattan's Chinatown has only 27,200 Asian residents, compared to the neighborhoods of Bensonhurst, Brooklyn (46,000); Sunset Park, Brooklyn (31,400); Flushing, Queens (54,200); and Elmhurst, Queens (55,800).<a href="#cite_note-auto6-102">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto4-103">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto7-104">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chinese_cultural_standards">Chinese cultural standards</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Chinese cultural standards">edit</a>]</div> Despite the more recently emerged large Fuzhou population, many of the Chinese businesses in Chinatown are still Cantonese owned. The Cantonese dominated western section of Chinatown also continues to be the main busy Chinese business district. As a result, it has influenced many Fuzhounese to learn Cantonese for businesses, especially large businesses like the Dim Sum restaurants on what is known as <a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">Little Fuzhou</a> on <a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="East Broadway (Manhattan)">East Broadway</a>.<a href="#cite_note-RosenbergDunford2011-92">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-Inc.2007-107">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> The Fuzhounese, the subgroup of non-Cantonese-speaking Chinese with the most interactions with Cantonese, also constitute the majority of non-native Cantonese-speaking Chinese. Many of the Fuzhou immigrants in the 1980s and early 1990s learned to speak Cantonese to maintain jobs and communicate with the Cantonese-speaking population in addition to the fact many of the earlier Fuzhou immigrants had lived in <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> adapting into the <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Hong_Kong" title="Culture of Hong Kong">Hong Kong culture</a> and speaking <a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Cantonese</a>, which gave them better advantages to integrating into the Chinatown community as it was still very dominantly Cantonese speaking.<a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a> However, since the 2000s, newer Chinese immigrants have largely spoken <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin Chinese</a>, the national language of China.<a href="#cite_note-Keefe2009-47">[46]</a>: 38 <a href="#cite_note-Chinesechange-12">[11]</a> A significant difference between the two separate <a href="/wiki/Chinese_province" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese province">Chinese provincial</a> communities in Manhattan's Chinatown is that the Cantonese part of Chinatown not only serves Chinese customers but is also a tourist attraction. However, the Fuzhou part of Chinatown caters less to tourists.<a href="#cite_note-Lin2011-110">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wang2001-111">[110]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bowery" title="Bowery">Bowery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chrystie_Street" title="Chrystie Street">Chrystie Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Street" title="Catherine Street">Catherine Street</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chatham_Square" title="Chatham Square">Chatham Square</a> encompass the approximate border zone between the Fuzhou and Cantonese communities in Manhattan's Chinatown.<a href="#cite_note-Chin1999-70">[69]</a>: 112  Unlike most other urban Chinatowns, Manhattan's Chinatown is both a residential area as well as commercial area. Many population estimates are in the range of 90,000 to 100,000 residents.<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[114]</a> One analysis of census data in 2011 showed that Chinatown and heavily Chinese tracts on the Lower East Side had 47,844 residents in the 2010 census, a decrease of nearly 9% since 2000.<a href="#cite_note-Berger-116">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gentrification_and_decline_in_Chinese_population">Gentrification and decline in Chinese population</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Gentrification and decline in Chinese population">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_York_lion_dance_lion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/New_York_lion_dance_lion.jpg/240px-New_York_lion_dance_lion.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/New_York_lion_dance_lion.jpg/360px-New_York_lion_dance_lion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/New_York_lion_dance_lion.jpg/480px-New_York_lion_dance_lion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="888" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Lion_dance" title="Lion dance">Chinese lion</a> during <a href="/wiki/Chinese_New_Year" title="Chinese New Year">Chinese New Year</a> festivities on Mott St. near <a href="/wiki/Worth_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Worth Street (Manhattan)">Worth St</a>.</figcaption></figure> By 2007, luxury <a href="/wiki/Condominium" title="Condominium">condominiums</a> began to spread from <a href="/wiki/SoHo,_Manhattan" title="SoHo, Manhattan">SoHo</a> into Chinatown. Previously, Chinatown was noted for its crowded tenements and primarily Chinese residents. While some projects have targeted the Chinese community, the development of luxury housing has increased Chinatown's economic and cultural diversity.<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a> A 2021 N.Y.U Furman poll found that the racial and ethnic composition of Asian identifying individuals within the community dropped from 34.8% in 2000 to 28.1% in 2021, a 6.7% decrease<a href="#cite_note-furmancenter.org-10">[9]</a> Since the early 2000s, there has been a continuously increasing number of buildings in Chinatown, neighboring <a href="/wiki/Two_Bridges,_Manhattan" title="Two Bridges, Manhattan">Two Bridges</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Lower_East_Side" title="Lower East Side">Lower East Side</a>, taken over by new landlords and real estate developers, who then charged higher rents and/or demolished the buildings to build newer structures.<a href="#cite_note-auto-83">[82]</a> Often, whenever this happens, many <a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">Fuzhounese tenants</a> are more likely to be evicted, especially in the <a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">eastern portion of Chinatown</a>, where illegal subdivision, overcrowding, lack of leases, and lack of immigrant paperwork are common. In addition, since the 2000s, there have been city officials inspecting apartment buildings and cracking down on illegal units. With tenants that have rent-stabilized leases, legal residency documents, no apartment subdivisions, and a lesser probability of subletting over capacity—most of whom are long-time Cantonese residents—it is usually harder for the newer landlords to be able to force these tenants out, especially including the western portion of Chinatown, which is still mainly Cantonese populated. However, newer landlords still continuously try find other loopholes to force them out.<a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a> By 2009, many newer Chinese immigrants settled along East Broadway instead of the historic core west of <a href="/wiki/Bowery" title="Bowery">Bowery</a>. In addition <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a> began to eclipse <a href="/wiki/Canton_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton dialect">Cantonese</a> as the predominant Chinese dialect in New York's Chinatown during the period. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> says that the Flushing Chinatown now rivals Manhattan's Chinatown in terms of being a cultural center for Chinese-speaking New Yorkers' politics and trade.<a href="#cite_note-Chinesechange-12">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Current_status_as_Chinese_shopping_business_district">Current status as Chinese shopping business district</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Current status as Chinese shopping business district">edit</a>]</div> Despite the area's gentrification, it is still a popular Chinese commercial shopping district, frequented by residents of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York metropolitan area</a> as well as tourists. In addition, high-income professionals are moving into the area and patronizing Chinese businesses.<a href="#cite_note-macaulay.cuny.edu-119">[118]</a> However, commercial activity is not concentrated evenly through Chinatown. The western half of Chinatown (the original Cantonese Chinatown), known as <a href="/wiki/Mott_Street" title="Mott Street">Little Hong Kong/Guangdong</a>, is still relatively active. However, the eastern/southern part of Chinatown, known as <a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">Little Fuzhou</a>, has become primarily residential, and thus, the most primarily affected by the decline in business. Businesses in Little Fuzhou may be affected by the spread of gentrification from the nearby <a href="/wiki/Lower_East_Side" title="Lower East Side">Lower East Side</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Village,_Manhattan" title="East Village, Manhattan">East Village</a>.<a href="#cite_note-macaulay.cuny.edu-119">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[119]</a> In 2016, the oldest continuously run business in Manhattan's Chinatown was up for sale: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wing_on_Wo_and_Co&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wing on Wo and Co (page does not exist)">Wing on Wo and Co</a>, established in 1890. The building was worth around $10 million, including six stories and a store front, one of the only buildings left of its kind in the area. <a href="/wiki/Mei_Lum" title="Mei Lum">Mei Lum</a>, a grandchild of the original owner, stepped in before the sale and took over the business to preserve its history and position within the neighborhood, to "regenerate, encourage and protect" Chinatown's culture.<a href="#cite_note-121">[120]</a> Lum started the "W.O.W. Project", which hopes to "preserve Chinatown's creative scene through art and activism".<a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a> Events such as Open Mic nights and exhibitions would start conversations about this neighborhood's past and the people that have lived there.<a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a> For example, in February 2020, the W.O.W. Project exhibited ethnographic research and oral history interviews that highlighted stories of migration, displacement, and everyday resilience in Chinatowns all over the world.<a href="#cite_note-124">[123]</a> In response to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New York City">COVID-19 pandemic in New York City</a>, the W.O.W. Project started a project called Love Letters to Chinatown.<a href="#cite_note-125">[124]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Streetscape"> Streetscape</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Streetscape">edit</a>]</div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1008px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto;direction:rtl"><a href="/wiki/File:Mott_Street_Chinatown_Manhattan_at_night_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="‪ Looking north on Mott Street at night in 2015. Manhattan's Chinatown is home to the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere. ‬"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Mott_Street_Chinatown_Manhattan_at_night_2.JPG/1000px-Mott_Street_Chinatown_Manhattan_at_night_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="1000" height="667" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Mott_Street_Chinatown_Manhattan_at_night_2.JPG/1500px-Mott_Street_Chinatown_Manhattan_at_night_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Mott_Street_Chinatown_Manhattan_at_night_2.JPG/2000px-Mott_Street_Chinatown_Manhattan_at_night_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Mott_Street_Chinatown_Manhattan_at_night_2.JPG" title="File:Mott Street Chinatown Manhattan at night 2.JPG"> </a></div><div align="center">Looking north on <a href="/wiki/Mott_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mott Street (Manhattan)">Mott Street</a> at night in 2015. Manhattan's Chinatown is home to the highest concentration of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_people" title="Chinese people">Chinese people</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Hemisphere" title="Western Hemisphere">Western Hemisphere</a>.<a href="#cite_note-fact-sheet-6">[5]</a></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinatown_02_-_New_York_City.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Chinatown_02_-_New_York_City.jpg/220px-Chinatown_02_-_New_York_City.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Chinatown_02_-_New_York_City.jpg/330px-Chinatown_02_-_New_York_City.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Chinatown_02_-_New_York_City.jpg/440px-Chinatown_02_-_New_York_City.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>A Chinatown grocery store</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinatown_manhattan_fishmarket.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Chinatown_manhattan_fishmarket.jpg/220px-Chinatown_manhattan_fishmarket.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Chinatown_manhattan_fishmarket.jpg/330px-Chinatown_manhattan_fishmarket.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Chinatown_manhattan_fishmarket.jpg 2x" data-file-width="395" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Fish_market" title="Fish market">fish market</a> in Chinatown</figcaption></figure> Chinese <a href="/wiki/Greengrocer" title="Greengrocer">greengrocers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fishmonger" title="Fishmonger">fishmongers</a> are clustered around Mott Street, Mulberry Street, <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal Street</a> (by Baxter Street), and all along <a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="East Broadway (Manhattan)">East Broadway</a> (especially by Catherine Street). The Chinese <a href="/wiki/Jewelry" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewelry">jewelers'</a> district is on Canal Street between Mott and Bowery. There are many Asian and American banks in the neighborhood. Canal Street, west of <a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Broadway</a> (especially on the Northside), is filled with street vendors selling <a href="/wiki/Counterfeit_consumer_goods" class="mw-redirect" title="Counterfeit consumer goods">knock-off brands</a> of perfumes, watches, and handbags. This section of Canal Street was previously the home of <a href="/wiki/Warehouse" title="Warehouse">warehouse</a> stores selling surplus/salvage electronics and hardware.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In addition, tourism and restaurants are major industries. The district boasts many historical and cultural attractions, and it is a destination for tour companies like Manhattan Walking Tour, Big Onion, NYC Chinatown Tours, and <a href="/wiki/Lower_East_Side_History_Project" title="Lower East Side History Project">Lower East Side History Project</a>.<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a> Tour stops often include landmarks like the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Transfiguration_(New_York_City)" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of the Transfiguration (New York City)">Church of the Transfiguration</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Lin_Zexu" title="Lin Zexu">Lin Zexu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Confucius" title="Confucius">Confucius</a> statues.<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a> The enclave's many restaurants also support the tourism industry. In Chinatown, more than 300 Chinese restaurants provide employment.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Notable and well-reviewed Chinatown establishments include <a href="/wiki/Joe%27s_Shanghai" title="Joe's Shanghai">Joe's Shanghai</a>, Jing Fong, New Green Bo and Amazing 66.<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a> Other contributors to the economy include factories. The proximity of the <a href="/wiki/Fashion_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Fashion industry">fashion industry</a> has kept some <a href="/wiki/Garment_District,_Manhattan" title="Garment District, Manhattan">garment work</a> in the local area, though much of the garment industry has since moved to China. The local garment industry now concentrates on quick production in small volumes and <a href="/wiki/Piece_work" title="Piece work">piece work</a>, which is generally done at the worker's home. Much of the population growth is due to immigration.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The <a href="/wiki/September_11,_2001_attacks" class="mw-redirect" title="September 11, 2001 attacks">September 11, 2001 attacks</a> caused a decline in business for stores and restaurants in Chinatown. Chinatown was adversely affected by the attacks; being so physically close to <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_site" title="World Trade Center site">Ground Zero</a>, Chinatown saw a very slow return of tourism and business. Part of the reason was the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Department" title="New York City Police Department">NYPD</a> closure of <a href="/wiki/Park_Row_(Manhattan)" title="Park Row (Manhattan)">Park Row</a>, one of two major roads linking the <a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Manhattan" title="Financial District, Manhattan">Financial District</a> with Chinatown (the other being <a href="/wiki/Centre_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Centre Street (Manhattan)">Centre Street</a>). However, the area's economy, as well as tourism, have rebounded since then. A Chinatown <a href="/wiki/Business_improvement_district" title="Business improvement district">business improvement district</a> was established in 2011 despite opposition from business owners in the community.<a href="#cite_note-Berger-116">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a> The neighborhood is home to several large Chinese supermarkets. In August 2011, a new branch of New York Supermarket opened on Mott Street in the central district of grocery and food shopping of Manhattan's Chinatown.<a href="#cite_note-130">[129]</a> Just a block away from New York Supermarket, is a <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Supermarket" title="Hong Kong Supermarket">Hong Kong Supermarket</a> located on the corner of Elizabeth and Hester Streets. These two supermarkets are among the largest Chinese supermarkets carrying all different food varieties within the long-time established Cantonese community in the western section of Manhattan's Chinatown.<a href="#cite_note-Travel_New_York_City_-_Illustrated_Guide_and_Maps-131">[130]</a> A Hong Kong Supermarket at East Broadway and Pike Street burned down in 2009 and plans to construct a 91-room Marriott Hotel in its place resulted in community protests.<a href="#cite_note-132">[131]</a> The New York Supermarkets chain, which also operates markets in Elmhurst and Flushing, settled with the New York State Attorney General in 2008 in which it paid back wages and overtime to workers.<a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a> Many of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_restaurant" title="Chinese restaurant">Chinese restaurant</a> <a href="/wiki/Menu" title="Menu">menus</a> in the U.S. are printed in Chinatown, Manhattan.<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> Manhattan's Chinatown has had a history of mini malls with varieties of small shops, however due to the gentrification, this trend has been declining. However, two significant well known mini malls in Manhattan's Chinatown still exist and stand out the most, which are Elizabeth Center at 13 <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Elizabeth Street (Manhattan)">Elizabeth Street</a> right next to <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Department" title="New York City Police Department">NYPD</a>'s 5th precinct and East Broadway Mall at 88 <a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="East Broadway (Manhattan)">East Broadway</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Bridge" title="Manhattan Bridge">Manhattan Bridge</a>. Elizabeth Center is a Hong Kong style shopping center with varieties of shops with most of them being owned by Cantonese speakers along with some owned by other Chinese speakers as well and is located in the longer time established western Cantonese Chinatown, therefore their customer base are largely Cantonese speakers from the local neighborhoods as well as from other places, however other Chinese speakers from the local area and from other places including Chinese tourists also come to shop at this mini mall. Elizabeth Center also attracts a lot of Non-Asian tourists and visitors and it is often very popular with younger generation customers of Chinese and non-Chinese descents due to the significant concentration of stores that sell varieties of affordable accessories as well as cartoon figure and <a href="/wiki/Action_figure" title="Action figure">Action figure</a> products.<a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto5-74">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a> East Broadway Mall, at 88 East Broadway, was developed in the late 1980s on a city-owned plot of land under the Manhattan Bridge.<a href="#cite_note-Chan_2022-145">[144]</a> When East Broadway Mall opened, their storefront owners and customer base were mainly Cantonese speakers as the Chinese speaking population in the area was still very Cantonese speaking, however as early as the 1980s, a Fuzhouese-speaking population already had begun growing in the East Broadway neighborhood, which eventually by the 1990s had slowly grown into a Fuzhou speaking enclave distinct from the original older established Cantonese Chinatown from <a href="/wiki/Bowery" title="Bowery">Bowery Street</a> going west and then reflectively the storefront owners and customer base at East Broadway Mall then slowly shifted to majority Fuzhou speakers. The area's Fuzhouese-speaking population has been declining since the 2010s due to gentrification, and many residents relocated to New York City's outer boroughs. The <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New York City">COVID-19 pandemic in New York City</a> exacerbated the situation at East Broadway Mall, and the dim sum restaurant upstairs, which had operated for a long time, was closed.<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto3-78">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[150]</a> Elizabeth Center has done marginally better, and many tenants remained during the COVID-19 pandemic. By contrast, East Broadway Mall went from having around 80 stores to roughly 17 during the pandemic.<a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[152]</a> Media sources reported in November 2021 that the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_New_York_(state)" title="Government of New York (state)">New York state government</a> was giving $20 million to revitalize several city-owned properties in the area. Some proposals have been made to convert the interiors of the East Broadway Mall into a community theater, with commercial stores outdoors.<a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[155]</a> However, <a href="/wiki/Curbed" title="Curbed">Curbed</a> reported in October 2022 that the government grant was being rescinded from East Broadway Mall.<a href="#cite_note-Chan_2022-145">[144]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Satellite_Chinatowns">Satellite Chinatowns</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Satellite Chinatowns">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_Queens" title="Chinatowns in Queens">Chinatowns in Queens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_Brooklyn" title="Chinatowns in Brooklyn">Chinatowns in Brooklyn</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">Little Fuzhou</a></div> For a long time, Manhattan's Chinatown has always been the most largely concentrated Chinese population in New York City, a city where 6% of the overall population is Chinese American. However, in recent years growing Chinese populations in the outer boroughs have tremendously outnumbered Manhattan's Chinese population.<a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[157]</a> Other New York City Chinese communities have been settled over the years, including that of <a href="/wiki/Flushing,_Queens" title="Flushing, Queens">Flushing</a> in <a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a>, particularly along from Roosevelt Avenue to <a href="/wiki/Main_Street_(Queens)" title="Main Street (Queens)">Main Street</a> through <a href="/wiki/Kissena_Boulevard" title="Kissena Boulevard">Kissena Boulevard</a>. Another Chinese community is located in Sunset Park in Brooklyn, particularly along 8th Avenue from 40th to 65th Streets. New York City's newer Chinatowns have recently sprung up in <a href="/wiki/Elmhurst,_Queens#Chinatown,_Elmhurst_(唐人街,_艾姆赫斯特)" title="Elmhurst, Queens">Elmhurst</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corona,_Queens" title="Corona, Queens">Corona, Queens</a> (which border each other and are part of the same Chinatown), on <a href="/wiki/Avenue_U#Chinatown_(唐人街,_U大道)" title="Avenue U">Avenue U</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Homecrest,_Brooklyn" title="Homecrest, Brooklyn">Homecrest</a> section of Brooklyn, as well as in <a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Brooklyn#Chinatown,_Bensonhurst" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Brooklyn">Bensonhurst</a>, also in Brooklyn. Outside of New York City proper, rapidly growing suburban Chinatowns are developing within the <a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York metropolitan area</a> in nearby <a href="/wiki/Edison,_New_Jersey" title="Edison, New Jersey">Edison, New Jersey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nassau_County,_New_York" title="Nassau County, New York">Nassau County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a>.<a href="#cite_note-159">[158]</a> While the composition of these satellite Chinatowns are as varied as the original, the political factions in the original Manhattan Chinatown (<a href="/wiki/Tong_(organization)" title="Tong (organization)">Tongs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a> loyalists, People's Republic of China loyalists, and those apathetic) have led to some factionalization in the satellite Chinatowns. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Satellite_Chinatowns'_demographics">Satellite Chinatowns' demographics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Satellite Chinatowns' demographics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Flushing_Chinatown" class="mw-redirect" title="Flushing Chinatown">Flushing Chinatown</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Chinatown" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Chinatown">Brooklyn Chinatown</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Flushing_Chinatown" class="mw-redirect" title="Flushing Chinatown">Flushing Chinatown</a> was spearheaded by many Chinese following the <a href="/wiki/Handover_of_Hong_Kong" title="Handover of Hong Kong">Handover of Hong Kong</a> in 1997 as well as <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_people" title="Taiwanese people">Taiwanese</a> who used their considerable capital to buy out the land from the former residents. The Chinatowns of Flushing and Elmhurst are more middle class and were initially mainly small Taiwanese Mandarin-speaking enclaves, but have since grown very large and very diversified with Chinese migrants from many various regions from mainland China also often speaking Mandarin along with their regional dialects. Flushing is now the largest Chinatown of New York City and has taken over as being the main Chinese cultural center due to the very high diversity of Chinese immigrants from many various regions of mainland China and Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-160">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a> There are three major <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Chinatown" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Chinatown">Brooklyn Chinatowns</a>. Unlike the Chinese enclaves in Queens, which has a very high diversity of Chinese immigrants from various regions of mainland China and Taiwan, the Brooklyn Chinatowns are very segregated into Cantonese dominated enclaves in Bensonhurst and Sheepshead Bay and the Fuzhou dominated enclave in Sunset Park, although with some significant limited population of long-time Cantonese residents. The Sunset Park Chinatown originally emerged as a small Cantonese enclave, but with the large influx of Fuzhou immigrants arriving into Sunset Park since the 2000s, it has grown into becoming the largest Fuzhou Chinatown of New York City, although some Cantonese people remain in the Sunset Park area.<a href="#cite_note-164">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto1-88">[87]</a> The Bensonhurst and <a href="/wiki/Sheepshead_Bay,_Brooklyn" title="Sheepshead Bay, Brooklyn">Sheepshead Bay</a> Chinatowns are primarily Cantonese populated as a result of many of them migrating away from both Chinatowns of Manhattan and Brooklyn Sunset Park including new Cantonese immigration. Bensonhurst Chinatown's Chinese population is growing faster than that of Sunset Park. According to the 2010 census information, <a href="/wiki/Bensonhurst,_Brooklyn" title="Bensonhurst, Brooklyn">Bensonhurst</a> and the nearby neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Bath_Beach,_Brooklyn" title="Bath Beach, Brooklyn">Bath Beach</a> in Brooklyn together constituted New York City's largest concentrated community of <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kongers" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kongers">Hong Kong Residents</a> (with 3,723 in Bensonhurst and 1,049 in Bath Beach totaling together at 4,772), even though they are very heavily mixed in with the area's much larger Cantonese community consisting mostly of Cantonese speaking immigrants from <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">Mainland China</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Guangdong_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Guangdong Province">Guangdong Province</a>, and although most of the Hong Kong residents are scattered across many other neighborhoods of New York City while only roughly about less than a quarter of New York City's Hong Kong residents reside in Bensonhurst/Bath Beach.<a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto2-82">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[167]</a> <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_City_Planning" title="New York City Department of City Planning">NYC Dept. Of City Planning</a> provided updated 2020 census data on the Asian population of New York City. Bensonhurst now has 46,000 Asian Residents while Sunset Park had 31,400 Asian Residents, which means Bensonhurst now has the highest Asian population of Brooklyn surpassing Sunset Park as the original epicenter of Brooklyn's Asian population. The Asian population in Bensonhurst and Sunset Park are still overwhelmingly Chinese residents. Queens neighborhoods of Flushing (54,200 Asian Residents) and Elmhurst(55,800 Asian Residents) still hold the largest Asian populations in all of New York City though. Manhattan's Chinatown Asian population ranks at 27,200 residents.<a href="#cite_note-auto4-103">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto6-102">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto7-104">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Buildings">Buildings</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Buildings">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MOCA_car-free_jeh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/MOCA_car-free_jeh.jpg/260px-MOCA_car-free_jeh.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/MOCA_car-free_jeh.jpg/390px-MOCA_car-free_jeh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/MOCA_car-free_jeh.jpg/520px-MOCA_car-free_jeh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1708" data-file-height="1590" /></a><figcaption>The Chinese American experience has been documented at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Chinese_in_America" title="Museum of Chinese in America">Museum of Chinese in America</a> in Manhattan's Chinatown since 1980.</figcaption></figure> For much of Chinatown's history, there were few unique architectural features to announce to visitors that they had arrived in the neighborhood (other than the language of the shop signs). In 1962, the <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant" title="Lieutenant">Lieutenant</a> <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Ralph_Kimlau" title="Benjamin Ralph Kimlau">Benjamin Ralph Kimlau</a> Memorial archway at <a href="/wiki/Chatham_Square" title="Chatham Square">Chatham Square</a> was erected in memorial of the Chinese-Americans who died in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, designed by local architect <a href="/wiki/Poy_Gum_Lee" title="Poy Gum Lee">Poy Gum Lee</a> (1900–1968).<a href="#cite_note-169">[168]</a> This memorial bears calligraphy by the great <a href="/wiki/Yu_Youren" title="Yu Youren">Yu Youren</a> (1879–1964). A statue of <a href="/wiki/Lin_Zexu" title="Lin Zexu">Lin Zexu</a>, also known as Commissioner Lin, a <a href="/wiki/Fuzhou_people" title="Fuzhou people">Foochowese</a> Chinese official who <a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_opium_at_Humen" title="Destruction of opium at Humen">opposed the opium trade</a>, is also located at the square; it faces uptown along East Broadway, now home to the bustling Fuzhou neighborhood and known locally as Fuzhou Street. More decorations and cultural institutions followed. In the 1970s, <a href="/wiki/New_York_Telephone" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Telephone">New York Telephone</a>, then the local phone company, started capping the street phone booths with <a href="/wiki/Pagoda" title="Pagoda">pagoda</a>-like decorations. In 1976, the statue of <a href="/wiki/Confucius" title="Confucius">Confucius</a> in front of <a href="/wiki/Confucius_Plaza" title="Confucius Plaza">Confucius Plaza</a> became a common meeting place. In the 1980s, banks that opened new branches and others that were renovating started to use Chinese traditional styles for their building facades. The <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Transfiguration_(Mott_Street,_New_York,_New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of the Transfiguration (Mott Street, New York, New York)">Church of the Transfiguration</a>, a national historic site built in 1815, stands off Mott Street. The <a href="/wiki/Chinese_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese American">Chinese American</a> experience has been documented at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Chinese_in_America" title="Museum of Chinese in America">Museum of Chinese in America</a> in Manhattan's Chinatown since 1980. In addition, <a href="/wiki/Pearl_River_Mart" title="Pearl River Mart">Pearl River Mart</a>, which opened in 1971, has become one of the more notable family-owned stores in Chinatown. In 2010, Chinatown and <a href="/wiki/Little_Italy,_Manhattan" title="Little Italy, Manhattan">Little Italy</a> were listed in a single <a href="/wiki/Historic_district_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Historic district (United States)">historic district</a> on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NRHP_listing-170">[169]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Housing">Housing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Housing">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Confucius_Tower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Confucius_Tower.jpg/200px-Confucius_Tower.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Confucius_Tower.jpg/300px-Confucius_Tower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Confucius_Tower.jpg/400px-Confucius_Tower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="882" data-file-height="1317" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Confucius_Plaza" title="Confucius Plaza">Confucius Plaza</a>, a 44-story <a href="/wiki/Subsidized_housing" title="Subsidized housing">subsidized</a> <a href="/wiki/Housing_cooperative" title="Housing cooperative">housing cooperative</a>, above typical Chinatown housing stock.</figcaption></figure> The housing stock of Chinatown is still mostly composed of cramped <a href="/wiki/Tenement" title="Tenement">tenement</a> buildings, some of which are over 100 years old. It is still common in such buildings to have bathrooms in the hallways, to be shared among multiple apartments. A federally <a href="/wiki/Subsidized_housing" title="Subsidized housing">subsidized housing</a> project, named <a href="/wiki/Confucius_Plaza" title="Confucius Plaza">Confucius Plaza</a>, was completed on the corner of <a href="/wiki/Bowery" title="Bowery">Bowery</a> and Division Street in 1976. This 44-story residential <a href="/wiki/Tower_block" title="Tower block">tower block</a> gave much needed new housing stock to thousands of residents. The building also housed a new public grade school, PS 124 (or Yung Wing Elementary). Besides being the first and largest affordable housing complex specifically available to the Chinatown population Confucius Plaza is also a cultural and institutional landmark, springing forth community organization, Asian Americans for Equality (AAFE), one of Chinatown's oldest political/community organizations, founded in 1974. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chinese_theaters">Chinese theaters</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Chinese theaters">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_theater_-_Doyers_Street_-_Bain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Chinese_theater_-_Doyers_Street_-_Bain.jpg/240px-Chinese_theater_-_Doyers_Street_-_Bain.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Chinese_theater_-_Doyers_Street_-_Bain.jpg/360px-Chinese_theater_-_Doyers_Street_-_Bain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Chinese_theater_-_Doyers_Street_-_Bain.jpg/480px-Chinese_theater_-_Doyers_Street_-_Bain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="796" /></a><figcaption>The city's first Chinese theater, on <a href="/wiki/Doyers_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doyers Street (Manhattan)">Doyers Street</a></figcaption></figure> In the past, Chinatown had Chinese movie theaters that provided entertainment to the Chinese population. The first Chinese-language theater in the city was located at 5–7 <a href="/wiki/Doyers_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doyers Street (Manhattan)">Doyers Street</a> from 1893 to 1911. The theater was later converted into a rescue mission for the homeless from <a href="/wiki/Bowery" title="Bowery">Bowery</a>. In 1903, the theater was the site of a fundraiser by the Chinese community for Jewish victims of a massacre in Kishinev.<a href="#cite_note-171">[170]</a> Among the theaters that existed in Chinatown in later years were the Sun Sing Theater under the Manhattan Bridge and the Pagoda Theater, both on the street of East Broadway, the Governor Theater on Chatham Square, the Rosemary Theater on Canal Street across the Manhattan Bridge, as well as the Music Palace on the Bowery, which was the last Chinese theater to close. Others have existed in different sections of Chinatown. These theaters now have all closed because of more accessibility to videotapes, which were more affordable and provided more genres of movies and much later on <a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVDs</a> and <a href="/wiki/VCD" class="mw-redirect" title="VCD">VCDs</a> became available. Other factors such as, availability of Chinese cable channels, karaoke bars, and gambling in casinos began to provide other options for the Chinese to have entertainment also influenced the Chinese theaters to go out of business.<a href="#cite_note-172">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-174">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-LLC1997-175">[174]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Police_and_crime">Police and crime</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Police and crime">edit</a>]</div> Chinatown is patrolled by the 5th Precinct of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Department" title="New York City Police Department">NYPD</a>, located at 19 Elizabeth Street.<a href="#cite_note-NYPD_5th_Precinct-176">[175]</a> The 5th Precinct and the adjacent 7th Precinct ranked 58th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-177">[176]</a> As of 2018<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit">[update]</a>, with a non-fatal assault rate of 42 per 100,000 people, Chinatown and the Lower East Side's rate of <a href="/wiki/Violent_crime" title="Violent crime">violent crimes</a> per capita is less than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration rate of 449 per 100,000 people is higher than that of the city as a whole.<a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 8  The 5th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories that have decreased by 77.1% between 1990 and 2019. The precinct reported 6 murders, 14 rapes, 91 robberies, 210 felony assaults, 101 burglaries, 585 grand larcenies, and 16 grand larcenies auto in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-178">[177]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fire_safety">Fire safety</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Fire safety">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dragon_Fighters_E9_L6_jeh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Dragon_Fighters_E9_L6_jeh.jpg/240px-Dragon_Fighters_E9_L6_jeh.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Dragon_Fighters_E9_L6_jeh.jpg/360px-Dragon_Fighters_E9_L6_jeh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Dragon_Fighters_E9_L6_jeh.jpg/480px-Dragon_Fighters_E9_L6_jeh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1808" data-file-height="1608" /></a><figcaption>Quarters of New York City Fire Department Engine Company 9/Ladder Company 6</figcaption></figure> Chinatown is served by two <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Fire_Department" title="New York City Fire Department">New York City Fire Department</a> (FDNY) fire stations:<a href="#cite_note-179">[178]</a> <ul><li>Engine Company 9/Ladder Company 6 – 75 Canal Street<a href="#cite_note-180">[179]</a></li> <li>Engine Company 55/Battalion 2 – 363 Broome Street<a href="#cite_note-181">[180]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health">Health</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Health">edit</a>]</div> As of 2018<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit">[update]</a>, <a href="/wiki/Preterm_birth" title="Preterm birth">preterm births</a> and births to teenage mothers are less common in Chinatown and the Lower East Side than in other places citywide. In Chinatown and the Lower East Side, there were 82 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 10.1 teenage births per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide).<a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 11  Chinatown and the Lower East Side have a low population of residents who are <a href="/wiki/Health_insurance_coverage_in_the_United_States" title="Health insurance coverage in the United States">uninsured</a>. In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 11%, slightly less than the citywide rate of 12%.<a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 14  The concentration of <a href="/wiki/Particulates" title="Particulates">fine particulate matter</a>, the deadliest type of <a href="/wiki/Air_pollution" title="Air pollution">air pollutant</a>, in Chinatown and the Lower East Side is 0.0089 milligrams per cubic metre (8.9×10−9 oz/cu ft), more than the city average.<a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 9  Twenty percent of Chinatown and Lower East Side residents are <a href="/wiki/Smoking" title="Smoking">smokers</a>, which is more than the city average of 14% of residents being smokers.<a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 13  In Chinatown and the Lower East Side, 10% of residents are <a href="/wiki/Obesity" title="Obesity">obese</a>, 11% are <a href="/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus" class="mw-redirect" title="Diabetes mellitus">diabetic</a>, and 22% have <a href="/wiki/Hypertension" title="Hypertension">high blood pressure</a>—compared to the citywide averages of 24%, 11%, and 28% respectively.<a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 16  In addition, 16% of children are obese, compared to the citywide average of 20%.<a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 12  Eighty-eight percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is about the same as the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 70% of residents described their health as "good", "very good", or "excellent", less than the city's average of 78%.<a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 13  For every supermarket in Chinatown and the Lower East Side, there are 18 <a href="/wiki/Convenience_store" title="Convenience store">bodegas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 10  The nearest major hospital is <a href="/wiki/Lower_Manhattan_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Manhattan Hospital">NewYork-Presbyterian Lower Manhattan Hospital</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Civic_Center,_Manhattan" title="Civic Center, Manhattan">Civic Center</a> area.<a href="#cite_note-182">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[182]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post_offices_and_ZIP_Codes">Post offices and ZIP Codes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Post offices and ZIP Codes">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USPS_Chinatown_Station_6_Doyers_Street.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/USPS_Chinatown_Station_6_Doyers_Street.jpg/240px-USPS_Chinatown_Station_6_Doyers_Street.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/USPS_Chinatown_Station_6_Doyers_Street.jpg/360px-USPS_Chinatown_Station_6_Doyers_Street.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/USPS_Chinatown_Station_6_Doyers_Street.jpg/480px-USPS_Chinatown_Station_6_Doyers_Street.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4338" data-file-height="2979" /></a><figcaption>USPS Chinatown Station</figcaption></figure> Chinatown is located within two primary <a href="/wiki/ZIP_Code" title="ZIP Code">ZIP Codes</a>. The area east of Bowery is part of 10002, while the area west of Bowery is part of 10013.<a href="#cite_note-184">[183]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Postal_Service" title="United States Postal Service">United States Postal Service</a> operates two post offices in Chinatown: <ul><li>Chinatown Station – 6 Doyers Street<a href="#cite_note-185">[184]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Post_Office_(Knickerbocker_Station)" title="United States Post Office (Knickerbocker Station)">Knickerbocker Station</a> – 128 East Broadway<a href="#cite_note-186">[185]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> Chinatown and the Lower East Side generally have a higher rate of college-educated residents than the rest of the city as of 2018<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit">[update]</a>. A plurality of residents age 25 and older (48%) have a college education or higher, while 24% have less than a high school education and 28% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 64% of Manhattan residents and 43% of city residents have a college education or higher.<a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 6  The percentage of Chinatown and the Lower East Side students excelling in math rose from 61% in 2000 to 80% in 2011 and reading achievement increased from 66% to 68% during the same period.<a href="#cite_note-:17-187">[186]</a> Chinatown and the Lower East Side's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is lower than the rest of New York City. In Chinatown and the Lower East Side, 16% of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per <a href="/wiki/School_year" class="mw-redirect" title="School year">school year</a>, less than the citywide average of 20%.<a href="#cite_note-:21-100">[99]</a>: 24 (PDF p. 55) <a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 6  Additionally, 77% of high school students in Chinatown and the Lower East Side graduate on time, more than the citywide average of 75%.<a href="#cite_note-CHP2018-99">[98]</a>: 6  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Schools">Schools</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Schools">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NYPL_Chatham_Square_branch_WTM3_TEAM_TOM_0004.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/NYPL_Chatham_Square_branch_WTM3_TEAM_TOM_0004.jpg/240px-NYPL_Chatham_Square_branch_WTM3_TEAM_TOM_0004.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/NYPL_Chatham_Square_branch_WTM3_TEAM_TOM_0004.jpg/360px-NYPL_Chatham_Square_branch_WTM3_TEAM_TOM_0004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/NYPL_Chatham_Square_branch_WTM3_TEAM_TOM_0004.jpg/480px-NYPL_Chatham_Square_branch_WTM3_TEAM_TOM_0004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2755" data-file-height="2423" /></a><figcaption>New York Public Library, Chatham Square branch</figcaption></figure> Residents are zoned to schools in the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_Education" title="New York City Department of Education">New York City Department of Education</a>. PS 124, The Yung Wing School is located in Chinatown.<a href="#cite_note-188">[187]</a> It was named after <a href="/wiki/Yung_Wing" title="Yung Wing">Yung Wing</a>, the first Chinese person to study at <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a>.<a href="#cite_note-189">[188]</a> PS 130 Hernando De Soto is located in Chinatown.<a href="#cite_note-190">[189]</a> <a href="/wiki/Shuang_Wen_School" title="Shuang Wen School">PS 184 Shuang Wen School</a>, a bilingual Chinese-English School which opened in 1998, is a non-zoned school in proximity to Chinatown.<a href="#cite_note-191">[190]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Library">Library</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Library">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library">New York Public Library</a> (NYPL) operates the Chatham Square branch at 33 East Broadway. The branch was founded in 1899; the current <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_library" title="Carnegie library">Carnegie library</a> building opened in 1903 and was renovated in 2001. The four-story library contains a large Chinese collection, which has been housed at the library since 1911.<a href="#cite_note-192">[191]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Transportation">edit</a>]</div> There are two <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a> stations that are directly in the neighborhood—<a href="/wiki/Grand_Street_(IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Street (IND Sixth Avenue Line)">Grand Street</a> (<a href="/wiki/B_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="B (New York City Subway service)">B</a> and <a href="/wiki/D_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="D (New York City Subway service)">D</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(New_York_City_Subway)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canal Street (New York City Subway)">Canal Street</a> (<a href="/wiki/4_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="4 (New York City Subway service)">4</a>, <a href="/wiki/6_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="6 (New York City Subway service)">6</a>, <a href="/wiki/6d_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="6d (New York City Subway service)"><6></a>, <a href="/wiki/J_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="J (New York City Subway service)">J</a>, <a href="/wiki/N_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="N (New York City Subway service)">N</a>, <a href="/wiki/Q_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="Q (New York City Subway service)">Q</a>, <a href="/wiki/R_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="R (New York City Subway service)">R</a>, <a href="/wiki/W_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="W (New York City Subway service)">W</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Z_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="Z (New York City Subway service)">Z</a>)—although other stations are also nearby.<a href="#cite_note-193">[192]</a> <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Bus" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City Bus">New York City Bus</a> routes include <a href="/wiki/M9_(New_York_City_bus)" title="M9 (New York City bus)">M9</a>, <a href="/wiki/M15_(New_York_City_bus)" title="M15 (New York City bus)">M15</a>, <a href="/wiki/M15_SBS_(New_York_City_bus)" class="mw-redirect" title="M15 SBS (New York City bus)">M15 SBS</a>, <a href="/wiki/M22_(New_York_City_bus)" title="M22 (New York City bus)">M22</a>, <a href="/wiki/M55_(New_York_City_bus)" class="mw-redirect" title="M55 (New York City bus)">M55</a>, <a href="/wiki/M103_(New_York_City_bus)" class="mw-redirect" title="M103 (New York City bus)">M103</a>.<a href="#cite_note-194">[193]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Bridge" title="Manhattan Bridge">Manhattan Bridge</a> connects Chinatown to <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Brooklyn" title="Downtown Brooklyn">Downtown Brooklyn</a>. The <a href="/wiki/FDR_Drive" title="FDR Drive">FDR Drive</a> runs along the <a href="/wiki/East_River" title="East River">East River</a>, where the <a href="/wiki/East_River_Greenway" title="East River Greenway">East River Greenway</a>, a pedestrian walkway and bikeway, is also present.<a href="#cite_note-195">[194]</a> The major cultural streets are <a href="/wiki/Mott_Street" title="Mott Street">Mott Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="East Broadway (Manhattan)">East Broadway</a>; on the other hand, <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allen_Street" title="Allen Street">Allen Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delancey_Street" title="Delancey Street">Delancey Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Grand Street (Manhattan)">Grand Street</a>, East Broadway, and <a href="/wiki/Bowery" title="Bowery">Bowery</a> are the main traffic arteries. There are multiple <a href="/wiki/Cycling_in_New_York_City" title="Cycling in New York City">bike lanes</a> in the area as well.<a href="#cite_note-196">[195]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Street_names_in_Chinese">Street names in Chinese</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Street names in Chinese">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BaxterStreet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/BaxterStreet.jpg/240px-BaxterStreet.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/BaxterStreet.jpg/360px-BaxterStreet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/BaxterStreet.jpg/480px-BaxterStreet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1844" data-file-height="1141" /></a><figcaption>Bilingual signage of Baxter Street</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinatown,_NYC_(2014)_-_11.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Chinatown%2C_NYC_%282014%29_-_11.JPG/240px-Chinatown%2C_NYC_%282014%29_-_11.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Chinatown%2C_NYC_%282014%29_-_11.JPG/360px-Chinatown%2C_NYC_%282014%29_-_11.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Chinatown%2C_NYC_%282014%29_-_11.JPG/480px-Chinatown%2C_NYC_%282014%29_-_11.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Elizabeth Street (Manhattan)">Elizabeth Street</a>, co-named Pvt. <a href="/wiki/Danny_Chen" class="mw-redirect" title="Danny Chen">Danny Chen</a> Way</figcaption></figure> Streets in Chinatown also have Chinese names, which are noted on bilingual street signs in Chinatown. Prior to the 1960s, Chinatown residents named the streets informally, and streets could carry several Chinese names.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-2022-03-11-197">[196]</a> The first bilingual street signs installed by the city government were placed on police call boxes in 1966.<a href="#cite_note-198">[197]</a> The first 44 bilingual street signs, displaying the street name in English with a smaller street name in Chinese below, were installed in 1969.<a href="#cite_note-199">[198]</a> These signs were installed in an area bounded by Canal Street to the north, Bowery to the east, Chatham Square to the southeast, Worth Street to the south, and Mulberry Street to the west. The street names were selected to match phonetic transliterations of English names in <a href="/wiki/Taishanese" title="Taishanese">Taishanese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Cantonese</a>, the two Chinese varieties most frequently spoken in Chinatown at the time. As different Chinese varieties may have widely varying pronunciations for the same word, the signs did not account for pronunciations in Mandarin and Fujianese, the varieties spoken by many immigrants who came in the 1970s.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-2022-03-11-197">[196]</a> In the early 1980s, the program was expanded following an effort by urban planner Jerry S. Y. Cheng and <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Consolidated_Benevolent_Association" title="Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association">Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association</a> (CCBA) president Li Boli. The <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_Transportation" title="New York City Department of Transportation">New York City Department of Transportation</a> commissioned a study in 1985 to identify places for new signs, but most records have been lost or destroyed. The expansion would have extended the signs north to Broome Street, east to Allen and Pike Streets, southeast to Madison Street (between Oliver and Pike Streets), and west to Lafayette Street. The newer street names were proposed by CCBA members and affiliated merchants, who mostly spoke Taishanese and Cantonese. Calligrapher Tan Bingzhong manually wrote the Chinese characters on street signs for 40 streets, leading to slight variations in each sign.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-2022-03-11-197">[196]</a> While there were 155 street signs at the program's peak, only 101 signs remained as of 2022<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit">[update]</a>, and almost half of the 40 streets no longer have bilingual signs. A New York Times analysis of the program found that many damaged signs were replaced with English-only signs, as translated street names are not part of the <a href="/wiki/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices" title="Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices">Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices</a>, or else were not replaced at all. Furthermore, many of the people involved in the street-sign programs during the 1960s and 1980s had died, and the relocation of the neighborhood's Chinese residents had shrunken the area's Chinese presence over time. According to the Times, there was little awareness in the neighborhood that the bilingual signs were disappearing, even among community leaders.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-2022-03-11-197">[196]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Street</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th> <th>Mandarin <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">Pinyin</a></th> <th>Cantonese <a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Allen_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Allen Street (Manhattan)">Allen Street</a></td> <td>亞倫街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Yǎlún Jiē</td> <td>Aa3 leon4 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Baxter_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baxter Street (Manhattan)">Baxter Street</a></td> <td>巴士特街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Bāshìtè Jiē</td> <td>Baa1 si6 dak6 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bayard Street</td> <td>擺也街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Bǎiyě Jiē</td> <td>Baai2 jaa5 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bowery" title="Bowery">Bowery</a></td> <td>包厘街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Bāolí Jiē</td> <td>Baau1 lei4 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Broadway</a></td> <td>百老匯大道<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Bǎilǎohuì Dàdào</td> <td>Baak3 lou5 wui6 Daai6 dou6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Broome_Street" title="Broome Street">Broome Street</a></td> <td>布隆街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Bùlóng Jiē</td> <td>Bou3 lung4 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal Street</a></td> <td>堅尼街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Jiānní Jiē</td> <td>Gin1 nei4 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Catherine Street</td> <td>加薩林街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Jiāsàlín Jiē</td> <td>Gaa1 saat3 lam4 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Centre_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Centre Street (Manhattan)">Centre Street</a></td> <td>中央街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Zhōngyāng Jiē</td> <td>Zung1 joeng1 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chambers_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Chambers Street (Manhattan)">Chambers Street</a></td> <td>錢伯斯街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Qiánbósī Jiē</td> <td>Cin2 baak3 si1 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chatham_Square_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chatham Square (Manhattan)">Chatham Square</a></td> <td>且林士果<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Qiělín Shìguǒ</td> <td>Ce2 lam4 Si6 gwo2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cherry Street</td> <td>車厘街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Chēlí Jiē</td> <td>Ce1 lei4 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chrystie_Street" title="Chrystie Street">Chrystie Street</a></td> <td>企李士提街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Qǐlǐshìtí Jiē</td> <td>Kei5 lei5 si6 tai4 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Delancey_Street" title="Delancey Street">Delancey Street</a></td> <td>地蘭西街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Dìlánxī Jiē</td> <td>Dei6 laan4 sai1 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Division_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Division Street (Manhattan)">Division Street</a></td> <td>地威臣街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Dìwēichén Jiē</td> <td>Dei6 wai1 san4 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Doyers_Street" title="Doyers Street">Doyers Street</a></td> <td>宰也街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Zǎiyě Jiē</td> <td>Zoi2 jaa5 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="East Broadway (Manhattan)">East Broadway</a> (Little Fuzhou)</td> <td>東百老匯 (小福州)<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Dōng Bǎilǎohuì (Xiǎo Fúzhōu)</td> <td>Dung1 Baak3 lou5 wui6 (Siu2 Fuk1 zau1) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Eldridge Street</td> <td>愛烈治街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Àilièzhì Jiē</td> <td>Oi3 lit6 zi6 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Elizabeth Street (Manhattan)">Elizabeth Street</a> (Private Danny Chen Way) </td> <td>伊利莎白街 (陳宇暉路)<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Yīlìshābái Jiē (Chén Yǔhuī Lù)</td> <td>Ji1 lei6 saa1 baak6 Gaai1 (Can4 Jyu5 fai1 Lou6) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Forsyth_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Forsyth Street (Manhattan)">Forsyth Street</a></td> <td>科西街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Kēxī Jiē</td> <td>Fo1 sai1 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Grand_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Grand Street (Manhattan)">Grand Street</a></td> <td>格蘭街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Gélán Jiē</td> <td>Gaak3 laan4 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Henry Street (Manhattan)">Henry Street</a></td> <td>顯利街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Xiǎnlì Jiē</td> <td>Hin2 lei6 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hester_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Hester Street (Manhattan)">Hester Street</a></td> <td>喜士打街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Xǐshìdǎ Jiē</td> <td>Hei2 si6 daa2 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ludlow Street</td> <td>拉德洛街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Lādéluò Jiē</td> <td>Laai1 dak1 lok6 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Madison_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Madison Street (Manhattan)">Madison Street</a></td> <td>麥地遜街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Màidìxùn Jiē</td> <td>Mak6 dei6 seon3 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Market Street</td> <td>市場街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Shìchǎng Jiē</td> <td>Si5 coeng4 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Monroe Street</td> <td>門羅街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Ménluó Jiē</td> <td>Mun4 lo4 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mosco Street</td> <td>莫斯科街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Mòsīkē Jiē</td> <td>Mok6 si1 fo1 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mott_Street" title="Mott Street">Mott Street</a> (Little Hong Kong, Little Guangdong) </td> <td>勿街 (小香港, 小廣東)<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a> </td> <td>Wù Jiē (Xiǎo Xiānggǎng, Xiǎo Guǎngdōng) </td> <td>Mat6 Gaai1 (Siu2 Hoeng1 gong2, Siu2 Gwong2 dung1) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mulberry_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Mulberry Street (Manhattan)">Mulberry Street</a></td> <td>摩比利街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Móbǐlì Jiē </td> <td>Mo1 bei2 lei6 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Orchard_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orchard Street (Manhattan)">Orchard Street</a></td> <td>柯察街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Kēchá Jiē</td> <td>O1 caat3 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Park_Row_(Manhattan)" title="Park Row (Manhattan)">Park Row</a></td> <td>柏路<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Bǎi Lù</td> <td>Paak3 Lou6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pell Street</td> <td>披露街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Pīlù Jiē</td> <td>Pei1 lou6 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pike_Street_(New_York_City)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pike Street (New York City)">Pike Street</a></td> <td>派街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Pài Jiē</td> <td>Paai3 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rutgers Street</td> <td>羅格斯街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a></td> <td>Luógésī Jiē</td> <td>Lo4 gaak3 si1 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>South Street</td> <td>南街</td> <td>Nán Jiē</td> <td>Naam4 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Water Street</td> <td>水街</td> <td>Shuǐ Jiē</td> <td>Seoi2 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Worth_Street" title="Worth Street">Worth Street</a></td> <td>窩夫街<a href="#cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-201">[200]</a></td> <td>Wōfū Jiē</td> <td>Wo1 fu1 Gaai1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>White Street</td> <td>白街</td> <td>Bái Jiē</td> <td>Baak6 Gaai1 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_the_United_States" title="Chinatowns in the United States">Chinatowns in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese people in New York City">Chinese people in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_the_Americas#New_York_City" title="Chinatowns in the Americas">Chinatowns in the Americas#New York City</a></li> <li>Other Chinatowns in NYC: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">Little Fuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_Queens" title="Chinatowns in Queens">Chinatowns in Queens</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Flushing" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Flushing">Chinatown, Flushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmhurst,_Queens#Chinese_enclave" title="Elmhurst, Queens">Chinatown, Elmhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona,_Queens" title="Corona, Queens">Corona, Queens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitestone,_Queens" title="Whitestone, Queens">Whitestone, Queens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_Brooklyn" title="Chinatowns in Brooklyn">Chinatowns in Brooklyn</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Brooklyn" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Brooklyn">Chinatown, Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_U#Little_Hong_Kong/Guangdong" title="Avenue U">Chinatown, Avenue U</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bensonhurst,_Brooklyn" title="Bensonhurst, Brooklyn">Chinatown, Bensonhurst</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">simplified Chinese</a>: 曼哈顿华埠 / 曼哈頓唐人街; <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">traditional Chinese</a>: 曼哈頓華埠 / 曼哈頓唐人街; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: Mànhādùn huábù / Mànhādùn tángrénjiē; <a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a>: Maan6 haa1 deon6 waa1 bou6 / Maan6 haa1 deon6 tong4 jan4 gaai1 </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NYCPlanning-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYCPlanning_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYCPlanning_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov/manhattan/3">"NYC Planning | Community Profiles"</a>. communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov. New York City Department of City Planning. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200306134633/https://communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov/manhattan/3">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2020. Retrieved March 18, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov&rft.atitle=NYC+Planning+%7C+Community+Profiles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcommunityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov%2Fmanhattan%2F3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PLP5-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PLP5_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PLP5_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PLP5_2-2">c</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/data-maps/nyc-population/census2010/t_pl_p5_nta.pdf">Table PL-P5 NTA: Total Population and Persons Per Acre – New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160610175331/http://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/data-maps/nyc-population/census2010/t_pl_p5_nta.pdf">Archived</a> June 10, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Population Division – <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> Department of City Planning, February 2012. Accessed June 16, 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-PLP3A-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PLP3A_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PLP3A_3-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/data-maps/nyc-population/census2010/t_pl_p3a_nta.pdf">Table PL-P3A NTA: Total Population by Mutually Exclusive Race and Hispanic Origin – New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160610170733/http://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/data-maps/nyc-population/census2010/t_pl_p3a_nta.pdf">Archived</a> June 10, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Population Division – <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> Department of City Planning, March 29, 2011. Accessed June 14, 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-ManhattanChinatownLargestConcentrationChineseWesternHemisphere-5"><a href="#cite_ref-ManhattanChinatownLargestConcentrationChineseWesternHemisphere_5-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.introducingnewyork.com/chinatown">"Chinatown New York"</a>. Civitatis New York. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200404164227/https://www.introducingnewyork.com/chinatown">Archived</a> from the original on April 4, 2020. Retrieved November 30, 2020. <q>As its name suggests, Chinatown is where the largest population of Chinese people live in the Western Hemisphere.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chinatown+New+York&rft.pub=Civitatis+New+York&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.introducingnewyork.com%2Fchinatown&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-fact-sheet-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fact-sheet_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-fact-sheet_6-1">b</a> * <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.explorechinatown.com/PDF/FactSheet.pdf">"Chinatown New York City Fact Sheet"</a> (PDF). www.explorechinatown.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050528160253/http://www.explorechinatown.com/PDF/FactSheet.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on May 28, 2005. Retrieved April 11, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chinatown+New+York+City+Fact+Sheet&rft.pub=www.explorechinatown.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.explorechinatown.com%2FPDF%2FFactSheet.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarah_Waxman" class="citation web cs1">Sarah Waxman. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ny.com/articles/chinatown.html">"The History of New York's Chinatown"</a>. Mediabridge Infosystems, Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170525014333/https://www.ny.com/articles/chinatown.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 25, 2017. Retrieved April 11, 2016. <q>Manhattan's Chinatown, the largest Chinatown in the United States and the site of the largest concentration of Chinese in the Western Hemisphere, is located on the Lower East Side.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+History+of+New+York%27s+Chinatown&rft.pub=Mediabridge+Infosystems%2C+Inc&rft.au=Sarah+Waxman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ny.com%2Farticles%2Fchinatown.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_M._Reimers1992" class="citation book cs1">David M. Reimers (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NagJFMxtkAcC&q=Flushing+Chinatown+Little+Taiwan&pg=PA104">Still the golden door: the Third ... – Google Books</a>. Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780231076814" title="Special:BookSources/9780231076814"><bdi>9780231076814</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231103153044/https://books.google.com/books?id=NagJFMxtkAcC&q=Flushing+Chinatown+Little+Taiwan&pg=PA104#v=snippet&q=Flushing%20Chinatown%20Little%20Taiwan&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 3, 2023. Retrieved April 11, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Still+the+golden+door%3A+the+Third+...+%E2%80%93+Google+Books&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=9780231076814&rft.au=David+M.+Reimers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNagJFMxtkAcC%26q%3DFlushing%2BChinatown%2BLittle%2BTaiwan%26pg%3DPA104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawrence_A._McGlinn,_Department_of_Geography_SUNY-New_Paltz" class="citation web cs1">Lawrence A. McGlinn, Department of Geography SUNY-New Paltz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121029075400/http://geographyplanning.buffalostate.edu/MSG%202002/13_McGlinn.pdf">"Beyond Chinatown: Dual immigration and the Chinese population of metropolitan New York City, 2000, Page 4"</a> (PDF). Middle States Geographer, 2002, 35: 110–119, Journal of the Middle States Division of the Association of American Geographers. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://geographyplanning.buffalostate.edu/MSG%202002/13_McGlinn.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on October 29, 2012. Retrieved April 11, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Beyond+Chinatown%3A+Dual+immigration+and+the+Chinese+population+of+metropolitan+New+York+City%2C+2000%2C+Page+4&rft.pub=Middle+States+Geographer%2C+2002%2C+35%3A+110%E2%80%93119%2C+Journal+of+the+Middle+States+Division+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers&rft.au=Lawrence+A.+McGlinn%2C+Department+of+Geography+SUNY-New+Paltz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgeographyplanning.buffalostate.edu%2FMSG%25202002%2F13_McGlinn.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_M._Reimers1992" class="citation book cs1">David M. Reimers (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NagJFMxtkAcC&q=Flushing+Chinatown+Little+Taiwan&pg=PA104">Still the golden door: the Third ... – Google Books</a>. Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780231076814" title="Special:BookSources/9780231076814"><bdi>9780231076814</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231103153044/https://books.google.com/books?id=NagJFMxtkAcC&q=Flushing+Chinatown+Little+Taiwan&pg=PA104#v=snippet&q=Flushing%20Chinatown%20Little%20Taiwan&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 3, 2023. Retrieved April 11, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Still+the+golden+door%3A+the+Third+...+%E2%80%93+Google+Books&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=9780231076814&rft.au=David+M.+Reimers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNagJFMxtkAcC%26q%3DFlushing%2BChinatown%2BLittle%2BTaiwan%26pg%3DPA104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarina_Nazario2016" class="citation web cs1">Marina Nazario (February 10, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160215005157/http://www.msn.com/en-us/foodanddrink/foodculture/i-went-on-a-tour-of-manhattans-chinatown-and-discovered-some-of-the-most-unusual-groceries-ive-ever-seen/ss-BBpjFQA">"I went on a tour of Manhattan's Chinatown and discovered some of the most unusual groceries I've ever seen"</a>. Business Insider. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msn.com/en-us/foodanddrink/foodculture/i-went-on-a-tour-of-manhattans-chinatown-and-discovered-some-of-the-most-unusual-groceries-ive-ever-seen/ss-BBpjFQA">the original</a> on February 15, 2016. Retrieved February 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=I+went+on+a+tour+of+Manhattan%27s+Chinatown+and+discovered+some+of+the+most+unusual+groceries+I%27ve+ever+seen&rft.date=2016-02-10&rft.au=Marina+Nazario&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-us%2Ffoodanddrink%2Ffoodculture%2Fi-went-on-a-tour-of-manhattans-chinatown-and-discovered-some-of-the-most-unusual-groceries-ive-ever-seen%2Fss-BBpjFQA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NycNineChinatowns-8"><a href="#cite_ref-NycNineChinatowns_8-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStefanie_Tuder2019" class="citation web cs1">Stefanie Tuder (February 25, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ny.eater.com/2019/2/25/18236523/chinatowns-restaurants-elmhurst-homecrest-bensonhurst-east-village-little-neck-forest-hills-nyc">"Believe It or Not, New York City Has Nine Chinatowns"</a>. EATER NY. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190226081349/https://ny.eater.com/2019/2/25/18236523/chinatowns-restaurants-elmhurst-homecrest-bensonhurst-east-village-little-neck-forest-hills-nyc">Archived</a> from the original on February 26, 2019. Retrieved November 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Believe+It+or+Not%2C+New+York+City+Has+Nine+Chinatowns&rft.pub=EATER+NY&rft.date=2019-02-25&rft.au=Stefanie+Tuder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fny.eater.com%2F2019%2F2%2F25%2F18236523%2Fchinatowns-restaurants-elmhurst-homecrest-bensonhurst-east-village-little-neck-forest-hills-nyc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200214002005/https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/17_1YR/S0201/330M400US408/popgroup~016">"American FactFinder – Results"</a>. U.S. Census Bureau. 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Retrieved January 27, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+FactFinder+%E2%80%93+Results&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder.census.gov%2Fbkmk%2Ftable%2F1.0%2Fen%2FACS%2F17_1YR%2FS0201%2F330M400US408%2Fpopgroup~016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-furmancenter.org-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-furmancenter.org_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-furmancenter.org_10-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://furmancenter.org/neighborhoods/view/lower-east-side-chinatown">"Lower East Side/Chinatown Neighborhood Profile"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231006003035/https://furmancenter.org/neighborhoods/view/lower-east-side-chinatown">Archived</a> from the original on October 6, 2023. Retrieved November 20, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lower+East+Side%2FChinatown+Neighborhood+Profile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffurmancenter.org%2Fneighborhoods%2Fview%2Flower-east-side-chinatown&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210118140610/https://censusreporter.org/profiles/79500US3603809-nyc-manhattan-community-district-3-chinatown-lower-east-side-puma-ny/">"NYC-Manhattan Community District 3—Chinatown & Lower East Side PUMA, NY"</a>. Census Reporter. 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Retrieved April 11, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=In+Chinatown%2C+Sound+of+the+Future+Is+Mandarin&rft.date=2009-10-21&rft.au=Kirk+Semple&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F10%2F22%2Fnyregion%2F22chinese.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelia_Robinson2015" class="citation web cs1">Melia Robinson (May 27, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessinsider.com/i-ate-my-way-through-flushing-queens-and-now-i-get-why-its-the-bigger-and-better-chinatown-2015-5">"This is what it's like in one of the biggest and fastest-growing Chinatowns in the world"</a>. Business Insider. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170730033121/http://www.businessinsider.com/i-ate-my-way-through-flushing-queens-and-now-i-get-why-its-the-bigger-and-better-chinatown-2015-5">Archived</a> from the original on July 30, 2017. Retrieved July 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=This+is+what+it%27s+like+in+one+of+the+biggest+and+fastest-growing+Chinatowns+in+the+world&rft.date=2015-05-27&rft.au=Melia+Robinson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fi-ate-my-way-through-flushing-queens-and-now-i-get-why-its-the-bigger-and-better-chinatown-2015-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cityland-14"><a href="#cite_ref-cityland_14-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCity_Council2011" class="citation web cs1">City Council (October 15, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citylandnyc.org/chinatown-bid-approved-despite-opposition/#more-10820">"Chinatown BID approved despite opposition"</a>. citylandnyc.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131110192701/http://www.citylandnyc.org/chinatown-bid-approved-despite-opposition/#more-10820">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2013. 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Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1998. (pg. 30–31) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8166-2905-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8166-2905-6">0-8166-2905-6</a></li> <li>Taylor, B. Kim. The Great New York City Trivia & Fact Book. Nashville: Cumberland House Publishing, 1998. (pg. 20) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-888952-77-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-888952-77-6">1-888952-77-6</a></li> <li>Ostrow, Daniel. Manhattan's Chinatown. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing, 2008. 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Cindy Fan. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20080221190542/http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/geog/downloads/597/202.pdf">Growth and Decline of Muslim Hui Enclaves in Beijing</a>" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105307/http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/geog/downloads/597/202.pdf">Archive</a>). <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Geography_and_Economics" title="Eurasian Geography and Economics">Eurasian Geography and Economics</a>, 2002, 43, No. 2, pp. 104–122. Cited page: 106. </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEnglish1995" class="citation book cs1">English, T.J. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/borntokillameric00engl">Born to Kill: America's Most Notorious Vietnamese Gang, and the Changing Face of Organized Crime</a>. William Morrow & Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-688-12238-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-688-12238-8"><bdi>0-688-12238-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Born+to+Kill%3A+America%27s+Most+Notorious+Vietnamese+Gang%2C+and+the+Changing+Face+of+Organized+Crime&rft.pub=William+Morrow+%26+Co.&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-688-12238-8&rft.aulast=English&rft.aufirst=T.J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fborntokillameric00engl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chin2000-46"><a href="#cite_ref-Chin2000_46-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKo-Lin_Chin2000" class="citation book cs1">Ko-Lin Chin (February 10, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chinatowngangsex0000chin">Chinatown Gangs: Extortion, Enterprise, and Ethnicity</a>. 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Random House Digital, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-385-52130-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-385-52130-7"><bdi>978-0-385-52130-7</bdi></a>. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Snakehead%3A+An+Epic+Tale+of+the+Chinatown+Underworld+and+the+American+Dream&rft.pub=Random+House+Digital%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2009-07-21&rft.isbn=978-0-385-52130-7&rft.au=Patrick+Radden+Keefe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSKxptmGzIoMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lin1998-48"><a href="#cite_ref-Lin1998_48-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJan_Lin1998" class="citation book cs1">Jan Lin (July 1, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W5h_49sX0SQC&pg=PA52">Reconstructing Chinatown: Ethnic Enclave, Global Change</a>. 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Retrieved June 20, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Columbus+Park&rft.pub=New+York+City+Department+of+Parks+and+Recreation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycgovparks.org%2Fparks%2FM015%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Skeldon1994-51"><a href="#cite_ref-Skeldon1994_51-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRonald_Skeldon1994" class="citation book cs1">Ronald Skeldon (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1JFiyWCjrOQC&pg=PA256">Reluctant Exiles?: Migration from Hong Kong and the New Overseas Chinese</a>. Hong Kong University Press. pp. 256–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-962-209-334-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-962-209-334-8"><bdi>978-962-209-334-8</bdi></a>. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reluctant+Exiles%3F%3A+Migration+from+Hong+Kong+and+the+New+Overseas+Chinese&rft.pages=256-&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-962-209-334-8&rft.au=Ronald+Skeldon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1JFiyWCjrOQC%26pg%3DPA256&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ChanPostiglione1996-52"><a href="#cite_ref-ChanPostiglione1996_52-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMing_K._ChanGerard_A._Postiglione1996" class="citation book cs1">Ming K. Chan; Gerard A. Postiglione (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hongkongreaderpa00ming">The Hong Kong Reader: Passage to Chinese Sovereignty</a>. M.E. Sharpe. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hongkongreaderpa00ming/page/174">174</a>–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56324-870-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56324-870-2"><bdi>978-1-56324-870-2</bdi></a>. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hong+Kong+Reader%3A+Passage+to+Chinese+Sovereignty&rft.pages=174-&rft.pub=M.E.+Sharpe&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-1-56324-870-2&rft.au=Ming+K.+Chan&rft.au=Gerard+A.+Postiglione&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhongkongreaderpa00ming&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Durham2006-53">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Durham2006_53-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Durham2006_53-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_S._Durham2006" class="citation book cs1">Michael S. Durham (March 21, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ARaQ_rJUz74C&pg=PT71">National Geographic Traveler: New York, 2d Ed</a>. National Geographic Books. pp. 71–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7922-5370-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7922-5370-9"><bdi>978-0-7922-5370-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314171504/https://books.google.com/books?id=ARaQ_rJUz74C&pg=PT71#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=National+Geographic+Traveler%3A+New+York%2C+2d+Ed.&rft.pages=71-&rft.pub=National+Geographic+Books&rft.date=2006-03-21&rft.isbn=978-0-7922-5370-9&rft.au=Michael+S.+Durham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DARaQ_rJUz74C%26pg%3DPT71&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bramblett2003-54">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bramblett2003_54-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bramblett2003_54-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReid_Bramblett2003" class="citation book cs1">Reid Bramblett (August 20, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6n3U_yFnyBIC&pg=PA29">Frommer's Memorable Walks in New York</a>. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 29–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7645-5641-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7645-5641-8"><bdi>978-0-7645-5641-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314171404/https://books.google.com/books?id=6n3U_yFnyBIC&pg=PA29">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Frommer%27s+Memorable+Walks+in+New+York&rft.pages=29-&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2003-08-20&rft.isbn=978-0-7645-5641-8&rft.au=Reid+Bramblett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6n3U_yFnyBIC%26pg%3DPA29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Singer1981-55"><a href="#cite_ref-Singer1981_55-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIsaac_Bashevis_Singer1981" class="citation book cs1">Isaac Bashevis Singer (April 1, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-YGEb73h7fAC&pg=PA135">A Crown of Feathers</a>. Macmillan. pp. 135–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-374-51624-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-374-51624-6"><bdi>978-0-374-51624-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314171506/https://books.google.com/books?id=-YGEb73h7fAC&pg=PA135">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Crown+of+Feathers&rft.pages=135-&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1981-04-01&rft.isbn=978-0-374-51624-6&rft.au=Isaac+Bashevis+Singer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-YGEb73h7fAC%26pg%3DPA135&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inc1959-56"><a href="#cite_ref-Inc1959_56-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTime_Inc1959" class="citation book cs1">Time Inc (September 7, 1959). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bUkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA36">LIFE</a>. Time Inc. pp. 36–. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0024-3019">0024-3019</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314171448/https://books.google.com/books?id=bUkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA36#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=LIFE&rft.pages=36-&rft.pub=Time+Inc&rft.date=1959-09-07&rft.issn=0024-3019&rft.au=Time+Inc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbUkEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mele2000-57"><a href="#cite_ref-Mele2000_57-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristopher_Mele2000" class="citation book cs1">Christopher Mele (March 15, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6gREBJiuIeoC&pg=PA138">Selling the Lower East Side: Culture, Real Estate, and Resistance in New York City</a>. University of Minnesota Press. pp. 138–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8166-3181-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8166-3181-0"><bdi>978-0-8166-3181-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314171406/https://books.google.com/books?id=6gREBJiuIeoC&pg=PA138#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Selling+the+Lower+East+Side%3A+Culture%2C+Real+Estate%2C+and+Resistance+in+New+York+City&rft.pages=138-&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=2000-03-15&rft.isbn=978-0-8166-3181-0&rft.au=Christopher+Mele&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6gREBJiuIeoC%26pg%3DPA138&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bao2001-58"><a href="#cite_ref-Bao2001_58-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFXiaolan_Bao2001" class="citation book cs1">Xiaolan Bao (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5_-KjLInXdsC&pg=PA216">Holding Up More Than Half the Sky: Chinese Women Garment Workers in New York City, 1948–92</a>. University of Illinois Press. pp. 216–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-252-02631-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-252-02631-7"><bdi>978-0-252-02631-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314171426/https://books.google.com/books?id=5_-KjLInXdsC&pg=PA216#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Holding+Up+More+Than+Half+the+Sky%3A+Chinese+Women+Garment+Workers+in+New+York+City%2C+1948%E2%80%9392&rft.pages=216-&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-252-02631-7&rft.au=Xiaolan+Bao&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5_-KjLInXdsC%26pg%3DPA216&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Willett1996-59"><a href="#cite_ref-Willett1996_59-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRalph_Willett1996" class="citation book cs1">Ralph Willett (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yxoNAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA68">The Naked City: Urban Crime Fiction in the USA</a>. Manchester University Press ND. pp. 68–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-4301-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-4301-7"><bdi>978-0-7190-4301-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314171911/https://books.google.com/books?id=yxoNAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA68">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Naked+City%3A+Urban+Crime+Fiction+in+the+USA&rft.pages=68-&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press+ND&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-7190-4301-7&rft.au=Ralph+Willett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyxoNAQAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA68&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DempseyForst2011-60"><a href="#cite_ref-DempseyForst2011_60-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_S._DempseyLinda_S._Forst2011" class="citation book cs1">John S. Dempsey; Linda S. Forst (January 1, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PmUwsHp8m1wC&pg=PA266">An Introduction to Policing</a>. Cengage Learning. pp. 266–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-111-13772-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-111-13772-4"><bdi>978-1-111-13772-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314171929/https://books.google.com/books?id=PmUwsHp8m1wC&pg=PA266">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Policing&rft.pages=266-&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.isbn=978-1-111-13772-4&rft.au=John+S.+Dempsey&rft.au=Linda+S.+Forst&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPmUwsHp8m1wC%26pg%3DPA266&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lin2005-61"><a href="#cite_ref-Lin2005_61-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJan_Lin2005" class="citation book cs1">Jan Lin (September 20, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MOx34MBcHDMC&pg=PA312">The Urban Sociology Reader</a>. Psychology Press. pp. 312–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-32342-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-32342-0"><bdi>978-0-415-32342-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314171929/https://books.google.com/books?id=MOx34MBcHDMC&pg=PA312#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Urban+Sociology+Reader&rft.pages=312-&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2005-09-20&rft.isbn=978-0-415-32342-0&rft.au=Jan+Lin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMOx34MBcHDMC%26pg%3DPA312&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mendelsohn2009-62"><a href="#cite_ref-Mendelsohn2009_62-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoyce_Mendelsohn2009" class="citation book cs1">Joyce Mendelsohn (September 1, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9FmQLYB4h6MC&pg=PA29">The Lower East Side Remembered and Revisited: A History and Guide to a Legendary New York Neighborhood</a>. Columbia University Press. pp. 29–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-14761-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-14761-3"><bdi>978-0-231-14761-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314172043/https://books.google.com/books?id=9FmQLYB4h6MC&pg=PA29#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Lower+East+Side+Remembered+and+Revisited%3A+A+History+and+Guide+to+a+Legendary+New+York+Neighborhood&rft.pages=29-&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.isbn=978-0-231-14761-3&rft.au=Joyce+Mendelsohn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9FmQLYB4h6MC%26pg%3DPA29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> Greer, William R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1985/05/25/nyregion/chinatown-youth-arrested-in-shooting-that-injured-7.html">Chinatown youth arrested in shooting that injured 7</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211019152853/https://www.nytimes.com/1985/05/25/nyregion/chinatown-youth-arrested-in-shooting-that-injured-7.html">Archived</a> October 19, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The New York Times, May 25, 1985. </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1986/05/13/nyregion/2-in-a-chinatown-gang-convicted-in-shootings.html">2 in a Chinatown Gang Convicted in Shootings</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180811032254/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/05/13/nyregion/2-in-a-chinatown-gang-convicted-in-shootings.html">Archived</a> August 11, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The New York Times, May 13, 1986. </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1986/09/14/realestate/satellite-chinatowns-burgeon-throughout-new-york.html">"Satellite Chinatowns Burgeon Throughout New York"</a>. The New York Times. September 14, 1986. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170202121834/http://www.nytimes.com/1986/09/14/realestate/satellite-chinatowns-burgeon-throughout-new-york.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved February 6, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Satellite+Chinatowns+Burgeon+Throughout+New+York&rft.date=1986-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1986%2F09%2F14%2Frealestate%2Fsatellite-chinatowns-burgeon-throughout-new-york.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu/genyc/2018/05/10/why-the-change/">"Why the Change? – Gentrification in NYC | Rosenberg 2018"</a>. eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190410144144/https://eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu/genyc/2018/05/10/why-the-change/">Archived</a> from the original on April 10, 2019. Retrieved April 10, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu&rft.atitle=Why+the+Change%3F+%E2%80%93+Gentrification+in+NYC+%26%23124%3B+Rosenberg+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu%2Fgenyc%2F2018%2F05%2F10%2Fwhy-the-change%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q9SP0NEhPV8C&dq=vietnamese+immigrants+on+east+broadway+chinatown&pg=PA29">Democracy's Promise: Immigrants and American Civic Institutions</a>. University of Michigan Press. December 18, 2008. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780472021444" title="Special:BookSources/9780472021444"><bdi>9780472021444</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230620122122/https://books.google.com/books?id=q9SP0NEhPV8C&dq=vietnamese+immigrants+on+east+broadway+chinatown&pg=PA29">Archived</a> from the original on June 20, 2023. Retrieved March 18, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Democracy%27s+Promise%3A+Immigrants+and+American+Civic+Institutions&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=2008-12-18&rft.isbn=9780472021444&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dq9SP0NEhPV8C%26dq%3Dvietnamese%2Bimmigrants%2Bon%2Beast%2Bbroadway%2Bchinatown%26pg%3DPA29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wENIAQAAIAAJ&dq=malaysian+chinese+people+in+nyc+chinatown&pg=PA8">Behavioral Causes of Census Undercount, New York City's Chinatown: Final Report for Joint Statistical Agreement 89-39</a>. Center for Survey Methods Research, Bureau of the Census. 1991. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230620122123/https://books.google.com/books?id=wENIAQAAIAAJ&dq=malaysian+chinese+people+in+nyc+chinatown&pg=PA8">Archived</a> from the original on June 20, 2023. Retrieved March 18, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Behavioral+Causes+of+Census+Undercount%2C+New+York+City%27s+Chinatown%3A+Final+Report+for+Joint+Statistical+Agreement+89-39&rft.pub=Center+for+Survey+Methods+Research%2C+Bureau+of+the+Census&rft.date=1991&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwENIAQAAIAAJ%26dq%3Dmalaysian%2Bchinese%2Bpeople%2Bin%2Bnyc%2Bchinatown%26pg%3DPA8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tsui2009-69"><a href="#cite_ref-Tsui2009_69-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonnie_Tsui2009" class="citation book cs1">Bonnie Tsui (August 11, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VpTuJeqbGR4C&pg=PA69">American Chinatown: A People's History of Five Neighborhoods</a>. Simon and Schuster. pp. 69–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-5723-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-5723-4"><bdi>978-1-4165-5723-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314171913/https://books.google.com/books?id=VpTuJeqbGR4C&pg=PA69#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Chinatown%3A+A+People%27s+History+of+Five+Neighborhoods&rft.pages=69-&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2009-08-11&rft.isbn=978-1-4165-5723-4&rft.au=Bonnie+Tsui&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVpTuJeqbGR4C%26pg%3DPA69&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chin1999-70">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chin1999_70-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chin1999_70-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKo-Lin_Chin1999" class="citation book cs1">Ko-Lin Chin (December 9, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7gxBEkvPIxUC">Smuggled Chinese: Clandestine Immigration to the United States</a>. Temple University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56639-733-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56639-733-9"><bdi>978-1-56639-733-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314172027/https://books.google.com.eg/books?id=7gxBEkvPIxUC&redir_esc=y">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Smuggled+Chinese%3A+Clandestine+Immigration+to+the+United+States&rft.pub=Temple+University+Press&rft.date=1999-12-09&rft.isbn=978-1-56639-733-9&rft.au=Ko-Lin+Chin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7gxBEkvPIxUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zhao2010-71">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zhao2010_71-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zhao2010_71-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhao2010" class="citation book cs1">Zhao, Xiaojian (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6glk5aF8FQYC">The New Chinese America: Class, Economy, and Social Hierarchy</a>. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780813549125" title="Special:BookSources/9780813549125"><bdi>9780813549125</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/642200646">642200646</a>. Retrieved June 6, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Chinese+America%3A+Class%2C+Economy%2C+and+Social+Hierarchy&rft.place=New+Brunswick%2C+N.J.&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F642200646&rft.isbn=9780813549125&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Xiaojian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6glk5aF8FQYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160126085352/http://voicesofny.org/2014/11/employment-agencies-chinatown-shrinking/">"Voices of New York – Employment agencies in Chinatown are Shrinking"</a>. November 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://voicesofny.org/2014/11/employment-agencies-chinatown-shrinking/">the original</a> on January 26, 2016. Retrieved January 8, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Voices+of+New+York+%E2%80%93+Employment+agencies+in+Chinatown+are+Shrinking&rft.date=2014-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvoicesofny.org%2F2014%2F11%2Femployment-agencies-chinatown-shrinking%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFXiaoning_Chen2018" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Xiaoning Chen (July 17, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190527134505/https://voicesofny.org/2018/07/the-decline-of-east-broadway/">"Why Does the Decline of East Broadway happen in Chinatown"</a> (in Chinese and English). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://voicesofny.org/2018/07/the-decline-of-east-broadway/">the original</a> on May 27, 2019. Retrieved December 28, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+Does+the+Decline+of+East+Broadway+happen+in+Chinatown&rft.date=2018-07-17&rft.au=Xiaoning+Chen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvoicesofny.org%2F2018%2F07%2Fthe-decline-of-east-broadway%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto5-74">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto5_74-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto5_74-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFY._Xiang,_?_Rosenburg2018" class="citation web cs1">Y. Xiang, ? Rosenburg (May 10, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu/genyc/2018/05/10/a-tale-of-two-chinatowns/">"A Tale of Two Chinatowns – Gentrification in NYC | Rosenburg2018"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210119193235/https://eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu/genyc/2018/05/10/a-tale-of-two-chinatowns/">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Tale+of+Two+Chinatowns+%E2%80%93+Gentrification+in+NYC+%7C+Rosenburg2018&rft.date=2018-05-10&rft.au=Y.+Xiang%2C+%3F+Rosenburg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu%2Fgenyc%2F2018%2F05%2F10%2Fa-tale-of-two-chinatowns%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VT8idZrIE4c">美國紐約曼哈頓華埠東百老匯（福州街怡東樓商場）現狀。Current status of East Broadway Chinatown in Manhattan, New York</a>. 龍卷風Yun Ni歡迎訂閱. November 22, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/VT8idZrIE4c">Archived</a> from the original on December 11, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2021 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84%E6%9B%BC%E5%93%88%E9%A0%93%E8%8F%AF%E5%9F%A0%E6%9D%B1%E7%99%BE%E8%80%81%E5%8C%AF%EF%BC%88%E7%A6%8F%E5%B7%9E%E8%A1%97%E6%80%A1%E6%9D%B1%E6%A8%93%E5%95%86%E5%A0%B4%EF%BC%89%E7%8F%BE%E7%8B%80+%E3%80%82Current+status+of+East+Broadway+Chinatown+in+Manhattan%2C+New+York&rft.pub=%E9%BE%8D%E5%8D%B7%E9%A2%A8Yun+Ni%E6%AD%A1%E8%BF%8E%E8%A8%82%E9%96%B1&rft.date=2020-11-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DVT8idZrIE4c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVLjNglC8zk">紐約生活紀實｜逛福州人唐人街-東百老匯的"小福州", 包括怡東商場旁的市集攤販; 買陶瓷餐具; 包厘街蘭州拉麵將結束營業!</a>. 在水一方 Living Overseas. August 27, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201203025319/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVLjNglC8zk">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2020. Retrieved October 26, 2021 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E7%B4%80%E5%AF%A6%EF%BD%9C%E9%80%9B%E7%A6%8F%E5%B7%9E%E4%BA%BA%E5%94%90%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%97-%E6%9D%B1%E7%99%BE%E8%80%81%E5%8C%AF%E7%9A%84%22%E5%B0%8F%E7%A6%8F%E5%B7%9E%22%2C+%E5%8C%85%E6%8B%AC%E6%80%A1%E6%9D%B1%E5%95%86%E5%A0%B4%E6%97%81%E7%9A%84%E5%B8%82%E9%9B%86%E6%94%A4%E8%B2%A9%3B+%E8%B2%B7%E9%99%B6%E7%93%B7%E9%A4%90%E5%85%B7%3B+%E5%8C%85%E5%8E%98%E8%A1%97%E8%98%AD%E5%B7%9E%E6%8B%89%E9%BA%B5%E5%B0%87%E7%B5%90%E6%9D%9F%E7%87%9F%E6%A5%AD%21&rft.pub=%E5%9C%A8%E6%B0%B4%E4%B8%80%E6%96%B9+Living+Overseas&rft.date=2020-08-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DhVLjNglC8zk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=usfnSa9EOAg">美國疫情嚴重紐約中國城福州人團結努力讓人佩服 || Street Walk in New York || Chinatown</a>. StreetWalkNYC紐約現狀. October 12, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/usfnSa9EOAg">Archived</a> from the original on December 11, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2021 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85%E5%9A%B4%E9%87%8D+%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%9F%8E+%E7%A6%8F%E5%B7%9E%E4%BA%BA+%E5%9C%98%E7%B5%90%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B%E8%AE%93%E4%BA%BA%E4%BD%A9%E6%9C%8D+%7C%7C+Street+Walk+in+New+York+%7C%7C+Chinatown&rft.pub=StreetWalkNYC%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84%E7%8F%BE%E7%8B%80&rft.date=2020-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DusfnSa9EOAg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto3-78">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto3_78-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto3_78-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121382/4881829">"新怡東關門東百老匯商戶心慌"</a>. 世界新聞網. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314171916/https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/e404">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved December 28, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E7%B6%B2&rft.atitle=%E6%96%B0%E6%80%A1%E6%9D%B1%E9%97%9C%E9%96%80+%E6%9D%B1%E7%99%BE%E8%80%81%E5%8C%AF%E5%95%86%E6%88%B6%E5%BF%83%E6%85%8C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldjournal.com%2Fwj%2Fstory%2F121382%2F4881829&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P1DLaUowYw4">88 Palace of Chinatown is closing for good, no more clubbing 怡东酒楼关门与怡东商场近况 (2020/9/27)</a>. Tech Explores NYC. September 28, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/P1DLaUowYw4">Archived</a> from the original on December 11, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2021 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=88+Palace+of+Chinatown+is+closing+for+good%2C+no+more+clubbing+%E6%80%A1%E4%B8%9C%E9%85%92%E6%A5%BC%E5%85%B3%E9%97%A8%E4%B8%8E%E6%80%A1%E4%B8%9C%E5%95%86%E5%9C%BA%E8%BF%91%E5%86%B5+%282020%2F9%2F27%29&rft.pub=Tech+Explores+NYC&rft.date=2020-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DP1DLaUowYw4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o7nmbQeKceQ">疫情如此严重的时候，纽约唐人街福州乡亲的东百老汇是怎样的？</a>. 紐約巡城馬. November 22, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/o7nmbQeKceQ">Archived</a> from the original on December 11, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2021 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85%E5%A6%82%E6%AD%A4%E4%B8%A5%E9%87%8D%E7%9A%84%E6%97%B6%E5%80%99%EF%BC%8C%E7%BA%BD%E7%BA%A6%E5%94%90%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%97%E7%A6%8F%E5%B7%9E%E4%B9%A1%E4%BA%B2%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%9C%E7%99%BE%E8%80%81%E6%B1%87%E6%98%AF%E6%80%8E%E6%A0%B7%E7%9A%84%EF%BC%9F&rft.pub=%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84%E5%B7%A1%E5%9F%8E%E9%A6%AC&rft.date=2020-11-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Do7nmbQeKceQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4JY40VIh8go">紐約生活紀實｜疫情二度衝擊下的曼哈頓東百老匯 (又稱福州街, 小福州, 福州人唐人街) 和怡東商場</a>. 在水一方 Living Overseas. December 15, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210921030615/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4JY40VIh8go">Archived</a> from the original on September 21, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2021 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E7%B4%80%E5%AF%A6%EF%BD%9C%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85%E4%BA%8C%E5%BA%A6%E8%A1%9D%E6%93%8A%E4%B8%8B%E7%9A%84%E6%9B%BC%E5%93%88%E9%A0%93%E6%9D%B1%E7%99%BE%E8%80%81%E5%8C%AF+%28%E5%8F%88%E7%A8%B1%E7%A6%8F%E5%B7%9E%E8%A1%97%2C+%E5%B0%8F%E7%A6%8F%E5%B7%9E%2C+%E7%A6%8F%E5%B7%9E%E4%BA%BA%E5%94%90%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%97%29+%E5%92%8C%E6%80%A1%E6%9D%B1%E5%95%86%E5%A0%B4&rft.pub=%E5%9C%A8%E6%B0%B4%E4%B8%80%E6%96%B9+Living+Overseas&rft.date=2020-12-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D4JY40VIh8go&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-82">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_82-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_82-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_82-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobbins2015" class="citation news cs1">Robbins, Liz (April 15, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/16/nyregion/influx-of-chinese-immigrants-is-reshaping-large-parts-of-brooklyn.html">"With an Influx of Newcomers, Little Chinatowns Dot a Changing Brooklyn"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150416111153/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/16/nyregion/influx-of-chinese-immigrants-is-reshaping-large-parts-of-brooklyn.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 16, 2015. Retrieved October 23, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=With+an+Influx+of+Newcomers%2C+Little+Chinatowns+Dot+a+Changing+Brooklyn&rft.date=2015-04-15&rft.aulast=Robbins&rft.aufirst=Liz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F04%2F16%2Fnyregion%2Finflux-of-chinese-immigrants-is-reshaping-large-parts-of-brooklyn.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-83">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_83-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_83-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu/genyc/2018/05/10/a-tale-of-two-chinatowns/">"A Tale of Two Chinatowns – Gentrification in NYC | Rosenberg 2018"</a>. eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210119193235/https://eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu/genyc/2018/05/10/a-tale-of-two-chinatowns/">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu&rft.atitle=A+Tale+of+Two+Chinatowns+%E2%80%93+Gentrification+in+NYC+%26%23124%3B+Rosenberg+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu%2Fgenyc%2F2018%2F05%2F10%2Fa-tale-of-two-chinatowns%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kwong-84"><a href="#cite_ref-kwong_84-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKwong2009" class="citation news cs1">Kwong, Peter (September 16, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/09/16/answers-about-the-gentrification-of-chinatown/">"Answers About the Gentrification of Chinatown"</a>. The New York Times. City Room (blog). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121012111759/http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/09/16/answers-about-the-gentrification-of-chinatown/">Archived</a> from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved June 6, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Answers+About+the+Gentrification+of+Chinatown&rft.date=2009-09-16&rft.aulast=Kwong&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcityroom.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F09%2F16%2Fanswers-about-the-gentrification-of-chinatown%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sweatshop_USA-85"><a href="#cite_ref-Sweatshop_USA_85-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBao2003" class="citation book cs1">Bao, Xiaolan (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Xm2rhPCjPrAC&pg=PA133">"Sweatshops in Sunset Park: A Variation of the Late Twentieth Century Chinese Garment Shops in New York City"</a>. In Daniel E. Bender; Richard A. Greenwald (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Xm2rhPCjPrAC">Sweatshop USA: The American Sweatshop in Historical and Global Perspective</a>. New York: Routledge. p. 133. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415935616" title="Special:BookSources/9780415935616"><bdi>9780415935616</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/52166009">52166009</a>. Retrieved June 6, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sweatshops+in+Sunset+Park%3A+A+Variation+of+the+Late+Twentieth+Century+Chinese+Garment+Shops+in+New+York+City&rft.btitle=Sweatshop+USA%3A+The+American+Sweatshop+in+Historical+and+Global+Perspective&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=133&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F52166009&rft.isbn=9780415935616&rft.aulast=Bao&rft.aufirst=Xiaolan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXm2rhPCjPrAC%26pg%3DPA133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJian-Cuo,_World_Journal,_May_9,_2007,_then_translated_from_Chinese_by_Connie_Kong2007" class="citation web cs1">Jian-Cuo, World Journal, May 9, 2007, then translated from Chinese by Connie Kong (May 17, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120802045418/http://www.indypressny.org/nycma/voices/270/news/news_2/">"High demand for illegal Chinatown apartments"</a>. New York Community Media Alliance. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indypressny.org/nycma/voices/270/news/news_2/">the original</a> on August 2, 2012. Retrieved October 1, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=High+demand+for+illegal+Chinatown+apartments&rft.pub=New+York+Community+Media+Alliance&rft.date=2007-05-17&rft.au=Jian-Cuo%2C+World+Journal%2C+May+9%2C+2007%2C+then+translated+from+Chinese+by+Connie+Kong&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indypressny.org%2Fnycma%2Fvoices%2F270%2Fnews%2Fnews_2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Garcia-87"><a href="#cite_ref-Garcia_87-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarcíaFishman,_Joshua_A.2002" class="citation book cs1">García, Ofelia; Fishman, Joshua A. (2002). The Multilingual Apple: Languages in New York City. Walter de Gruyter. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-11-017281-X" title="Special:BookSources/3-11-017281-X"><bdi>3-11-017281-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Multilingual+Apple%3A+Languages+in+New+York+City&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=3-11-017281-X&rft.aulast=Garc%C3%ADa&rft.aufirst=Ofelia&rft.au=Fishman%2C+Joshua+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-88">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_88-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_88-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nydailynews.com/changing-chinatowns-move-manhattan-sunset-park-home-chinese-nyc-article-1.948028">"The changing Chinatowns: Move over Manhattan, Sunset Park now home to most Chinese in NYC"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_Daily_News" title="New York Daily News">New York Daily News</a>. August 5, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200216135009/https://www.nydailynews.com/changing-chinatowns-move-manhattan-sunset-park-home-chinese-nyc-article-1.948028">Archived</a> from the original on February 16, 2020. Retrieved October 23, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=The+changing+Chinatowns%3A+Move+over+Manhattan%2C+Sunset+Park+now+home+to+most+Chinese+in+NYC&rft.date=2011-08-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fchanging-chinatowns-move-manhattan-sunset-park-home-chinese-nyc-article-1.948028&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobbins2015" class="citation news cs1">Robbins, Liz (April 15, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/16/nyregion/influx-of-chinese-immigrants-is-reshaping-large-parts-of-brooklyn.html">"With an Influx of Newcomers, Little Chinatowns Dot a Changing Brooklyn"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150416111153/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/16/nyregion/influx-of-chinese-immigrants-is-reshaping-large-parts-of-brooklyn.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 16, 2015. Retrieved October 23, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=With+an+Influx+of+Newcomers%2C+Little+Chinatowns+Dot+a+Changing+Brooklyn&rft.date=2015-04-15&rft.aulast=Robbins&rft.aufirst=Liz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F04%2F16%2Fnyregion%2Finflux-of-chinese-immigrants-is-reshaping-large-parts-of-brooklyn.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=68UtCgAAQBAJ&dq=vietnamese+immigrants+on+east+broadway+chinatown&pg=PA226">The Power of Urban Ethnic Places: Cultural Heritage and Community Life</a>. Routledge. October 18, 2010. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781136909863" title="Special:BookSources/9781136909863"><bdi>9781136909863</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230620122120/https://books.google.com/books?id=68UtCgAAQBAJ&dq=vietnamese+immigrants+on+east+broadway+chinatown&pg=PA226">Archived</a> from the original on June 20, 2023. Retrieved March 18, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Power+of+Urban+Ethnic+Places%3A+Cultural+Heritage+and+Community+Life&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2010-10-18&rft.isbn=9781136909863&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D68UtCgAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dvietnamese%2Bimmigrants%2Bon%2Beast%2Bbroadway%2Bchinatown%26pg%3DPA226&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLii1994" class="citation news cs1">Lii, Jane H. (June 12, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/06/12/nyregion/neighborhood-report-chinatown-latest-wave-of-immigrants-is-splitting-chinatown.html">"Neighborhood Report: Chinatown; Latest Wave of Immigrants Is Splitting Chinatown"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161206191904/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/06/12/nyregion/neighborhood-report-chinatown-latest-wave-of-immigrants-is-splitting-chinatown.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 6, 2016. Retrieved February 6, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Neighborhood+Report%3A+Chinatown%3B+Latest+Wave+of+Immigrants+Is+Splitting+Chinatown&rft.date=1994-06-12&rft.aulast=Lii&rft.aufirst=Jane+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F06%2F12%2Fnyregion%2Fneighborhood-report-chinatown-latest-wave-of-immigrants-is-splitting-chinatown.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RosenbergDunford2011-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RosenbergDunford2011_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RosenbergDunford2011_92-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_RosenbergMartin_Dunford2011" class="citation book cs1">Andrew Rosenberg; Martin Dunford (January 1, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mZ0z8ZSwQ-sC&pg=PA81">The Rough Guide to New York</a>. Penguin. pp. 81–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4053-8565-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4053-8565-7"><bdi>978-1-4053-8565-7</bdi></a>. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rough+Guide+to+New+York&rft.pages=81-&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.isbn=978-1-4053-8565-7&rft.au=Andrew+Rosenberg&rft.au=Martin+Dunford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmZ0z8ZSwQ-sC%26pg%3DPA81&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-KyleKoslowski2001-93"><a href="#cite_ref-KyleKoslowski2001_93-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_KyleRey_Koslowski2001" class="citation book cs1">David Kyle; Rey Koslowski (May 11, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5blzwmEvZG4C&pg=PA236">Global Human Smuggling: Comparative Perspectives</a>. JHU Press. pp. 236–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-6590-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-6590-9"><bdi>978-0-8018-6590-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314172459/https://books.google.com/books?id=5blzwmEvZG4C&pg=PA236#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Global+Human+Smuggling%3A+Comparative+Perspectives&rft.pages=236-&rft.pub=JHU+Press&rft.date=2001-05-11&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-6590-9&rft.au=David+Kyle&rft.au=Rey+Koslowski&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5blzwmEvZG4C%26pg%3DPA236&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guest2003-94"><a href="#cite_ref-Guest2003_94-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKenneth_J._Guest2003" class="citation book cs1">Kenneth J. Guest (August 1, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mneekyUrfMgC&pg=PP11">God in Chinatown: Religion and Survival in New York's Evolving Immigrant Community</a>. NYU Press. pp. 11–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-3154-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-3154-3"><bdi>978-0-8147-3154-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314172502/https://books.google.com/books?id=mneekyUrfMgC&pg=PP11">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=God+in+Chinatown%3A+Religion+and+Survival+in+New+York%27s+Evolving+Immigrant+Community&rft.pages=11-&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.isbn=978-0-8147-3154-3&rft.au=Kenneth+J.+Guest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmneekyUrfMgC%26pg%3DPP11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kwong1996-95"><a href="#cite_ref-Kwong1996_95-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeter_Kwong1996" class="citation book cs1">Peter Kwong (July 30, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rCdIyDPA57MC&pg=PA3">The New Chinatown: Revised Edition</a>. Macmillan. pp. 3–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8090-1585-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8090-1585-6"><bdi>978-0-8090-1585-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314172502/https://books.google.com/books?id=rCdIyDPA57MC&pg=PA3#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Chinatown%3A+Revised+Edition&rft.pages=3-&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1996-07-30&rft.isbn=978-0-8090-1585-6&rft.au=Peter+Kwong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrCdIyDPA57MC%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HainesRosenblum1999-96"><a href="#cite_ref-HainesRosenblum1999_96-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_W._HainesKaren_Elaine_Rosenblum1999" class="citation book cs1">David W. Haines; Karen Elaine Rosenblum (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tp-tipFRyyMC&pg=PA295">Illegal Immigration in America: A Reference Handbook</a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 295–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-30436-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-30436-1"><bdi>978-0-313-30436-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314172450/https://books.google.com/books?id=tp-tipFRyyMC&pg=PA295">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Illegal+Immigration+in+America%3A+A+Reference+Handbook&rft.pages=295-&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-313-30436-1&rft.au=David+W.+Haines&rft.au=Karen+Elaine+Rosenblum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dtp-tipFRyyMC%26pg%3DPA295&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160417230047/http://www.aafny.org/cic/briefs/chinatownbrief.pdf">"Major Chinatown Census Statistics at a Glance"</a> (PDF). 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August 2021. pp. 21, 25, 29, 33. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210925151633/https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/planning-level/nyc-population/census2020/dcp_2020-census-briefing-booklet-1.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on September 25, 2021. 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New York Times. August 21, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211017101430/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/08/21/us/asians-census-us.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 17, 2021. Retrieved October 14, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=US-Asians+census&rft.date=2021-08-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Finteractive%2F2021%2F08%2F21%2Fus%2Fasians-census-us.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.aafederation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/2019ch.pdf">https://www.aafederation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/2019ch.pdf</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220313020523/https://www.aafederation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/2019ch.pdf">Archived</a> March 13, 2022, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs">bare URL PDF</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/immigrants/downloads/pdf/Fact-Sheet-NYCs-API-Immigrant-Population.pdf">https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/immigrants/downloads/pdf/Fact-Sheet-NYCs-API-Immigrant-Population.pdf</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220302134439/https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/immigrants/downloads/pdf/Fact-Sheet-NYCs-API-Immigrant-Population.pdf">Archived</a> March 2, 2022, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs">bare URL PDF</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-Inc.2007-107"><a href="#cite_ref-Inc.2007_107-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLet's_Go_Inc.2007" class="citation book cs1">Let's Go Inc. 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Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Let%27s+Go+USA+24th+Edition&rft.pages=99-&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=2007-11-27&rft.isbn=978-0-312-37445-7&rft.au=Let%27s+Go+Inc.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSMGOgKLHbz8C%26pg%3DPA99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nychinatown.org/ebway.html">"A journey through China town"</a>. Nychinatown.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314172606/http://nychinatown.org/ebway.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved November 15, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+journey+through+China+town&rft.pub=Nychinatown.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnychinatown.org%2Febway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuest2003" class="citation book cs1">Guest, Kenneth J. (August 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3jUTCgAAQBAJ&dq=fuzhou+immigrants+in+hong+kong&pg=PA151">God in Chinatown: Religion and Survival in New York's Evolving Immigrant Community</a>. NYU Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780814731543" title="Special:BookSources/9780814731543"><bdi>9780814731543</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314172606/https://books.google.com/books?id=3jUTCgAAQBAJ&dq=fuzhou+immigrants+in+hong+kong&pg=PA151#v=onepage&q=fuzhou%20immigrants%20in%20hong%20kong&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved January 30, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=God+in+Chinatown%3A+Religion+and+Survival+in+New+York%27s+Evolving+Immigrant+Community&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft.date=2003-08&rft.isbn=9780814731543&rft.aulast=Guest&rft.aufirst=Kenneth+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3jUTCgAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dfuzhou%2Bimmigrants%2Bin%2Bhong%2Bkong%26pg%3DPA151&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lin2011-110"><a href="#cite_ref-Lin2011_110-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJan_Lin2011" class="citation book cs1">Jan Lin (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7a2_J2Z8s-YC&pg=PA226">The Power of Urban Ethnic Places: Cultural Heritage and Community Life</a>. Taylor & Francis. pp. 226–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-87982-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-87982-8"><bdi>978-0-415-87982-8</bdi></a>. 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Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 79–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7425-0891-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7425-0891-0"><bdi>978-0-7425-0891-0</bdi></a>. 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Retrieved April 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nyhabitat.com&rft.atitle=New+York+Habitat+Blog+%3A+Lower+East+Side&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nyhabitat.com%2Fblog%2Fcategory%2Fnew-york%2Fnew-york-travel-guide%2Fnew-york-neighborhoods%2Flower-east-side%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMano1988" class="citation news cs1">Mano, D. Keith (April 24, 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/24/magazine/there-s-more-to-chinatown.html?pagewanted=all%3Fpagewanted%3Dall">"There's More To Chinatown"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306173221/http://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/24/magazine/there-s-more-to-chinatown.html?pagewanted=all%3Fpagewanted%3Dall">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved February 6, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=There%27s+More+To+Chinatown&rft.date=1988-04-24&rft.aulast=Mano&rft.aufirst=D.+Keith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1988%2F04%2F24%2Fmagazine%2Fthere-s-more-to-chinatown.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall%253Fpagewanted%253Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKleinfield1986" class="citation news cs1">Kleinfield, N. R. 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The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210128030712/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/21/nyregion/chinatown-considers-business-improvement-district.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved September 21, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Chinatown+Considers+Business+Improvement+District&rft.date=2011-09-21&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F09%2F21%2Fnyregion%2Fchinatown-considers-business-improvement-district.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> Toy, Vivian S. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/17/realestate/17cov.html?pagewanted=print">Luxury Condos Arrive in Chinatown</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180811031814/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/17/realestate/17cov.html?pagewanted=print">Archived</a> August 11, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." The New York Times. September 17, 2006. Retrieved on April 2, 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> *<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis2014" class="citation news cs1">Lewis, Aidan (February 4, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-25920980">"The slow decline of American Chinatowns"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230327092457/https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-25920980">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=The+slow+decline+of+American+Chinatowns&rft.date=2014-02-04&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Aidan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fmagazine-25920980&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160126085352/http://voicesofny.org/2014/11/employment-agencies-chinatown-shrinking/">"Employment Agencies Leave Manhattan's Chinatown"</a>. 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Retrieved January 9, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Displacement+Crisis+in+Chinatown&rft.date=2020-03-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmetcouncilonhousing.org%2Fnews_and_issues%2Ftenant_newspaper%2F2012%2Foctober%2Fdisplacement_crisis_in_chinatown&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFERIN_DURKIN2011" class="citation web cs1">ERIN DURKIN (January 3, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/landlord-wastes-no-time-kick-residents-curb-chinatown-article-1.148172">"Landlord tries to kick residents to curb"</a>. 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Retrieved January 9, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NY+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Landlord+tries+to+kick+residents+to+curb&rft.date=2011-01-03&rft.au=ERIN+DURKIN&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Flandlord-wastes-no-time-kick-residents-curb-chinatown-article-1.148172&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-macaulay.cuny.edu-119">^ <a href="#cite_ref-macaulay.cuny.edu_119-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-macaulay.cuny.edu_119-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu/genyc/2018/05/10/a-tale-of-two-chinatowns/">"A Tale of Two Chinatowns – Gentrification in NYC | Rosenberg 2018"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210119193235/https://eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu/genyc/2018/05/10/a-tale-of-two-chinatowns/">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Tale+of+Two+Chinatowns+%E2%80%93+Gentrification+in+NYC+%26%23124%3B+Rosenberg+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu%2Fgenyc%2F2018%2F05%2F10%2Fa-tale-of-two-chinatowns%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://voicesofny.org/2018/07/the-decline-of-east-broadway/">"– the Decline of East Broadway?"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190527134505/https://voicesofny.org/2018/07/the-decline-of-east-broadway/">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2019. Retrieved August 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E2%80%93+the+Decline+of+East+Broadway%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvoicesofny.org%2F2018%2F07%2Fthe-decline-of-east-broadway%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVadukul2016" class="citation web cs1">Vadukul, Alex (October 7, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/09/nyregion/family-shop-in-chinatown-stays-in-family-wing-on-wo-co.html">"On Brink of Sale, Family Shop in Chinatown Stays in Family"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112022911/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/09/nyregion/family-shop-in-chinatown-stays-in-family-wing-on-wo-co.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved July 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=On+Brink+of+Sale%2C+Family+Shop+in+Chinatown+Stays+in+Family&rft.date=2016-10-07&rft.aulast=Vadukul&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F10%2F09%2Fnyregion%2Ffamily-shop-in-chinatown-stays-in-family-wing-on-wo-co.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bedfordandbowery.com/2018/07/w-o-w-project-shares-stories-of-resilience-in-chinatown-open-mic-night/">"W.O.W. Project Shares Stories of Resilience in Chinatown Open Mic Night"</a>. Bedford + Bowery. July 20, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201022233514/https://bedfordandbowery.com/2018/07/w-o-w-project-shares-stories-of-resilience-in-chinatown-open-mic-night/">Archived</a> from the original on October 22, 2020. Retrieved December 2, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bedford+%2B+Bowery&rft.atitle=W.O.W.+Project+Shares+Stories+of+Resilience+in+Chinatown+Open+Mic+Night&rft.date=2018-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbedfordandbowery.com%2F2018%2F07%2Fw-o-w-project-shares-stories-of-resilience-in-chinatown-open-mic-night%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVadukul2016" class="citation news cs1">Vadukul, Alex (October 7, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/09/nyregion/family-shop-in-chinatown-stays-in-family-wing-on-wo-co.html">"On Brink of Sale, Family Shop in Chinatown Stays in Family"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112022911/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/09/nyregion/family-shop-in-chinatown-stays-in-family-wing-on-wo-co.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved December 2, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=On+Brink+of+Sale%2C+Family+Shop+in+Chinatown+Stays+in+Family&rft.date=2016-10-07&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Vadukul&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F10%2F09%2Fnyregion%2Ffamily-shop-in-chinatown-stays-in-family-wing-on-wo-co.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201013015428/https://www.wingonwoand.co/programs">"Public Programs"</a>. Wing on Wo & Co. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wingonwoand.co/programs">the original</a> on October 13, 2020. Retrieved December 4, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wing+on+Wo+%26+Co.&rft.atitle=Public+Programs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wingonwoand.co%2Fprograms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021165923/https://www.wingonwoand.co/love-letters-to-chinatown">"Love Letters to Chinatown"</a>. Wing on Wo & Co. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wingonwoand.co/love-letters-to-chinatown">the original</a> on October 21, 2020. Retrieved December 4, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wing+on+Wo+%26+Co.&rft.atitle=Love+Letters+to+Chinatown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wingonwoand.co%2Flove-letters-to-chinatown&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> See: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bigonion.com/description/index.html">Big Onion</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110725213322/http://bigonion.com/description/index.html">Archived</a> July 25, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycchinatowntours.com">NYC Chinatown Tours</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110316143900/http://www.nycchinatowntours.com/">Archived</a> March 16, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leshp.org/walking-tours/forgotten-lower-east-side/">Lower East Side History Project</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160424065027/http://www.leshp.org/walking-tours/forgotten-lower-east-side/">Archived</a> April 24, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bigonion.com/description/index.html">Big Onion</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110725213322/http://bigonion.com/description/index.html">Archived</a> July 25, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> See: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.10best.com/destinations/new-york/new-york/restaurants/chinatowns-best/">10 Best Chinatown Restaurants</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110409132118/http://www.10best.com/destinations/new-york/new-york/restaurants/chinatowns-best/">Archived</a> April 9, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gonyc.about.com/od/restaurants/tp/topdimsum.htm">8 recommended restaurants in New York City, about.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101206060942/http://gonyc.about.com/od/restaurants/tp/topdimsum.htm">Archived</a> December 6, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citylandnyc.org/chinatown-bid-approved-despite-opposition/">"Chinatown BID approved despite opposition"</a>. CityLand. October 15, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201024031541/https://www.citylandnyc.org/chinatown-bid-approved-despite-opposition/">Archived</a> from the original on October 24, 2020. Retrieved August 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CityLand&rft.atitle=Chinatown+BID+approved+despite+opposition&rft.date=2011-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.citylandnyc.org%2Fchinatown-bid-approved-despite-opposition%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305043622/http://ourchinatown.org/2011/08/01/new-supermarket-opens-on-mott-street-in-chinatown">"New Supermarket Opens on Mott Street in Chinatown"</a>. OurChinatown. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ourchinatown.org/2011/08/01/new-supermarket-opens-on-mott-street-in-chinatown/">the original</a> on March 5, 2016. Retrieved June 9, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Supermarket+Opens+on+Mott+Street+in+Chinatown&rft.pub=OurChinatown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourchinatown.org%2F2011%2F08%2F01%2Fnew-supermarket-opens-on-mott-street-in-chinatown%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Travel_New_York_City_-_Illustrated_Guide_and_Maps-131"><a href="#cite_ref-Travel_New_York_City_-_Illustrated_Guide_and_Maps_131-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=w-6fjsplSRAC&pg=PT204">Travel New York City – Illustrated Guide and Maps</a>. MobileReference. 2007. pp. 204–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60501-028-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60501-028-1"><bdi>978-1-60501-028-1</bdi></a>. Retrieved July 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Travel+New+York+City+%E2%80%93+Illustrated+Guide+and+Maps&rft.pages=204-&rft.pub=MobileReference&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-60501-028-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw-6fjsplSRAC%26pg%3DPT204&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeng2011" class="citation web cs1">Meng, Helen (October 31, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://voicesofny.org/2011/10/chinatown-gathering-protests-development/">"Chinatown gathering protests development"</a>. Voices of NY. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190422034039/https://voicesofny.org/2011/10/chinatown-gathering-protests-development/">Archived</a> from the original on April 22, 2019. Retrieved June 9, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chinatown+gathering+protests+development&rft.pub=Voices+of+NY&rft.date=2011-10-31&rft.aulast=Meng&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvoicesofny.org%2F2011%2F10%2Fchinatown-gathering-protests-development%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenhouse2008" class="citation news cs1">Greenhouse, Steven (December 9, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/12/09/supermarket-to-pay-back-wages-and-overtime/">"Supermarket to Pay Back Wages and Overtime"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111101064539/http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/12/09/supermarket-to-pay-back-wages-and-overtime/">Archived</a> from the original on November 1, 2011. Retrieved November 27, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Supermarket+to+Pay+Back+Wages+and+Overtime&rft.date=2008-12-09&rft.aulast=Greenhouse&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcityroom.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F12%2F09%2Fsupermarket-to-pay-back-wages-and-overtime%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170924094434/http://www.msn.com/en-us/foodanddrink/casual/20-secrets-of-your-local-chinese-takeout-joint/ss-AAqZN6n?li=BBnb7Kz&ocid=iehp#image=15">"20 Secrets of Your Local Chinese Takeout Joint"</a>. The Daily Meal. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msn.com/en-us/foodanddrink/casual/20-secrets-of-your-local-chinese-takeout-joint/ss-AAqZN6n?li=BBnb7Kz&ocid=iehp#image=15">the original</a> on September 24, 2017. Retrieved September 24, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=20+Secrets+of+Your+Local+Chinese+Takeout+Joint&rft.pub=The+Daily+Meal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-us%2Ffoodanddrink%2Fcasual%2F20-secrets-of-your-local-chinese-takeout-joint%2Fss-AAqZN6n%3Fli%3DBBnb7Kz%26ocid%3Diehp%23image%3D15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_Sietsema1999" class="citation book cs1">Robert Sietsema (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kza7FDKsvS8C&dq=elizabeth+center+elizabeth+street+chinatown+nyc&pg=PA54">Secret New York</a>. <a href="/wiki/ECW_Press" title="ECW Press">ECW Press</a>. p. 54. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781550223743" title="Special:BookSources/9781550223743"><bdi>9781550223743</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230620122126/https://books.google.com/books?id=kza7FDKsvS8C&dq=elizabeth+center+elizabeth+street+chinatown+nyc&pg=PA54">Archived</a> from the original on June 20, 2023. Retrieved March 18, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Secret+New+York&rft.pages=54&rft.pub=ECW+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9781550223743&rft.au=Robert+Sietsema&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dkza7FDKsvS8C%26dq%3Delizabeth%2Bcenter%2Belizabeth%2Bstreet%2Bchinatown%2Bnyc%26pg%3DPA54&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yS7uyuLDufM">229.NY Chinatown, 疫情期間，紐約唐人街伊利沙伯中心地下商場，會變成歷史嗎？Hera square,9/10/2021(K</a>. Hera Square. September 10, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211010035240/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yS7uyuLDufM">Archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2021 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=229.NY+Chinatown%2C+%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85%E6%9C%9F%E9%96%93+%EF%BC%8C%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84+%E5%94%90%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%97+%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%A9%E6%B2%99%E4%BC%AF%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83+%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E5%95%86%E5%A0%B4%EF%BC%8C%E6%9C%83%E8%AE%8A%E6%88%90%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E5%97%8E%EF%BC%9FHera+square%2C9%2F10%2F2021%28K&rft.pub=Hera+Square&rft.date=2021-09-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DyS7uyuLDufM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Is7M4JR5Ub8">205.NY Chinatown, 疫情期間，紐約唐人街伊利沙伯中心地下商場，慘淡經營,Hera Yan,9/2/2021(C</a>. Hera Yan. September 2, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211010035424/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Is7M4JR5Ub8">Archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2021 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=205.NY+Chinatown%2C+%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85%E6%9C%9F%E9%96%93+%EF%BC%8C%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84+%E5%94%90%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%97+%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%A9%E6%B2%99%E4%BC%AF%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83+%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E5%95%86%E5%A0%B4%EF%BC%8C%E6%85%98%E6%B7%A1%E7%B6%93%E7%87%9F%2CHera+Yan%2C9%2F2%2F2021%28C&rft.pub=Hera+Yan&rft.date=2021-09-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DIs7M4JR5Ub8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://macaulay.cuny.edu/seminars/brooks10/shopping/index.html">"Shopping Locations |"</a>. macaulay.cuny.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211008162211/https://macaulay.cuny.edu/seminars/brooks10/shopping/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 8, 2021. Retrieved October 13, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=macaulay.cuny.edu&rft.atitle=Shopping+Locations+%26%23124%3B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmacaulay.cuny.edu%2Fseminars%2Fbrooks10%2Fshopping%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1U-TzJc96SI">City Searchers | Elizabeth Center</a>. SinoVision 美国中文电视. June 26, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/1U-TzJc96SI">Archived</a> from the original on December 11, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2021 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=City+Searchers+%7C+Elizabeth+Center&rft.pub=SinoVision+%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86&rft.date=2018-06-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D1U-TzJc96SI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZU2JclQgNrg">DRAGON BALL TOYS AT NYC CHINATOWN, MIDTOWN COMICS & BOOKOFF! – Hunting For Dragon Ball Figures! #45</a>. SSJGoshin4. 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New York Media, LLC – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+York+Magazine&rft.pub=New+York+Media%2C+LLC&rft.date=1993-04-12&rft.aulast=LLC&rft.aufirst=New+York+Media&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJykAAAAAMBAJ%26dq%3DEast%2BBroadway%2BMall%2Bwas%2Bonce%2BCantonese%26pg%3DPA30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121382/5668533">"紐約市府將收回怡東商場經營權陳倩雯籲撥款助復甦"</a>. 世界新聞網. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211008185959/https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121382/5668533">Archived</a> from the original on October 8, 2021. 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August 26, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314173026/https://www.singtaousa.com/2021-08-26/%e5%b8%82%e5%ba%9c%e5%b0%87%e6%94%b6%e5%9b%9e%e6%80%a1%e6%9d%b1%e7%a7%9f%e7%b4%84%e5%bc%95%e5%95%86%e6%88%b6%e6%81%90%e6%85%8c-%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e6%96%b9%e7%a8%b1%e5%9c%b0%e7%a8%85%e9%a3%9b%e6%bc%b2/3598002#page5">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved November 3, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.singtaousa.com&rft.atitle=%E5%B8%82%E5%BA%9C%E5%B0%87%E6%94%B6%E5%9B%9E%E6%80%A1%E6%9D%B1%E7%A7%9F%E7%B4%84%E5%BC%95%E5%95%86%E6%88%B6%E6%81%90%E6%85%8C+%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%B1%E5%9C%B0%E7%A8%85%E9%A3%9B%E6%BC%B2%E5%A4%9A%E5%B9%B4%E6%B1%82%E5%8A%A9%E7%84%A1%E9%96%80&rft.date=2021-08-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.singtaousa.com%2F3598002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qMsKvXZeinc">曼哈顿唐人街华人商城怡东楼荒凉惨关门倒闭潮</a>. 杨杨穷游美国-纽约篇 New York City. October 3, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/qMsKvXZeinc">Archived</a> from the original on December 11, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2021 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%9B%BC%E5%93%88%E9%A1%BF%E5%94%90%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%97+%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E5%95%86%E5%9F%8E+%E6%80%A1%E4%B8%9C%E6%A5%BC+%E8%8D%92%E5%87%89+%E6%83%A8+%E5%85%B3%E9%97%A8%E5%80%92%E9%97%AD%E6%BD%AE&rft.pub=%E6%9D%A8%E6%9D%A8%E7%A9%B7%E6%B8%B8%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD-%E7%BA%BD%E7%BA%A6%E7%AF%87+New+York+City&rft.date=2021-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DqMsKvXZeinc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-25920980">"The slow decline of American Chinatowns"</a>. BBC News. February 4, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230327092457/https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-25920980">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=The+slow+decline+of+American+Chinatowns&rft.date=2014-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fmagazine-25920980&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://asamnews.com/2021/10/26/chinatown-mall-that-once-employed-thousands-may-close/">"Chinatown Mall That Once Employed Thousands May Close"</a>. October 26, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211029053910/https://asamnews.com/2021/10/26/chinatown-mall-that-once-employed-thousands-may-close/">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2021. Retrieved October 28, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chinatown+Mall+That+Once+Employed+Thousands+May+Close&rft.date=2021-10-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fasamnews.com%2F2021%2F10%2F26%2Fchinatown-mall-that-once-employed-thousands-may-close%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim2021" class="citation web cs1">Kim, CeFaan (October 25, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abc7ny.com/11166645/">"Chinatown mall that once employed thousands at risk of shutting down"</a>. ABC7 New York. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240314173139/https://abc7ny.com/east-broadway-mall-chinatown-terry-chan-pandemic/11166645/">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2024. 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November 12, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211117143627/https://gothamist.com/news/chinatown-gets-20-million-grant-revamp-east-broadway-mall-forsyth-plaza-and-kimlau-square">Archived</a> from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved November 16, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chinatown+Gets+%2420+Million+Grant+to+Revamp+East+Broadway+Mall%2C+Forsyth+Plaza%2C+and+Kimlau+Square&rft.date=2021-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgothamist.com%2Fnews%2Fchinatown-gets-20-million-grant-revamp-east-broadway-mall-forsyth-plaza-and-kimlau-square&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamirez,_Jeanine2011" class="citation web cs1">Ramirez, Jeanine (June 13, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110817043558/http://www.ny1.com/content/special_reports/making_census_of_it/140908/making-census-of-it--as-brooklyn-s-chinese-american-population-grows--some-call-for-more-services">"Making Census Of It: As Brooklyn's Chinese-American Population Grows, Some Call For More Services"</a>. 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McGlinn, Department of Geography SUNY-New Paltz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121029075400/http://geographyplanning.buffalostate.edu/MSG%202002/13_McGlinn.pdf">"Beyond Chinatown: Dual immigration and the Chinese population of metropolitan New York City, 2000, Page 6"</a> (PDF). Middle States Geographer, 2002, 35: 110–119, Journal of the Middle States Division of the Association of American Geographers. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://geographyplanning.buffalostate.edu/MSG%202002/13_McGlinn.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on October 29, 2012. 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Retrieved March 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Manhattan%27s+Chinese+Street+Signs+Are+Disappearing&rft.date=2022-03-11&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Reiss&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.au=Lu%2C+Denise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Finteractive%2F2022%2F03%2F11%2Fnyregion%2Fnyc-chinatown-signs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1966/06/12/archives/police-callboxes-get-chinese-signs-red-letters-added-to-end.html">"Police Call-boxes Get Chinese Signs; Red Letters Added to End Confusion in Chinatown"</a>. The New York Times. June 12, 1966. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220312164315/https://www.nytimes.com/1966/06/12/archives/police-callboxes-get-chinese-signs-red-letters-added-to-end.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 12, 2022. Retrieved March 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Police+Call-boxes+Get+Chinese+Signs%3B+Red+Letters+Added+to+End+Confusion+in+Chinatown&rft.date=1966-06-12&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1966%2F06%2F12%2Farchives%2Fpolice-callboxes-get-chinese-signs-red-letters-added-to-end.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1969/01/16/archives/bilingual-street-signs-in-chinatown.html">"Bilingual Street Signs in Chinatown"</a>. The New York Times. January 16, 1969. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220312164316/https://www.nytimes.com/1969/01/16/archives/bilingual-street-signs-in-chinatown.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 12, 2022. Retrieved March 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bilingual+Street+Signs+in+Chinatown&rft.date=1969-01-16&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1969%2F01%2F16%2Farchives%2Fbilingual-street-signs-in-chinatown.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ccbanyc_streetnames-200">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-22">w</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-23">x</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-24">y</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-25">z</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-26">aa</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-27">ab</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-28">ac</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-29">ad</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-30">ae</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-31">af</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-32">ag</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-33">ah</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-34">ai</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccbanyc_streetnames_200-35">aj</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccbanyc.org/historyfile/photo/history.html">"Historic Pictures of Chinatown"</a>. Ccbanyc.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719022307/http://ccbanyc.org/historyfile/photo/history.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved November 15, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historic+Pictures+of+Chinatown&rft.pub=Ccbanyc.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccbanyc.org%2Fhistoryfile%2Fphoto%2Fhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nychinatown.org/manhattan.html">"A Journey Through Chinatown"</a>. Nychinatown.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161209130435/http://www.nychinatown.org/manhattan.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 9, 2016. Retrieved November 15, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Journey+Through+Chinatown&rft.pub=Nychinatown.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nychinatown.org%2Fmanhattan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChinatown%2C+Manhattan" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>"New York's First Chinaman". Atlanta Constitution. September 22, 1896</li> <li>Crouse, Russel. Murder Won't Out. New York: Doubleday, Doran & Company, 1932.</li> <li>Dunshee, Kenneth Holcomb. As You Pass By. New York: Hastings House, 1952.</li> <li>Ramati, Raquel. How to Save Your Own Street. Garden City, Doubleday and Co., 1981. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-14814-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-14814-3">0-385-14814-3</a></li> <li>Tsui, Bonnie. American Chinatown: A People's History of Five Neighborhoods, 2009 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-5723-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-5723-4">978-1-4165-5723-4</a></li> <li>Wang, Huning. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tikhanovlibrary.com/manhattan-and-chinatown/">Manhattan and Chinatown</a> Tikhanov Library, 2021</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinatown,_Manhattan&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media 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Manhattan">Chinatown, Manhattan</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Manhattan/Chinatown#Q866332" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Manhattan/Chinatown">Chinatown</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.explorechinatown.com/">"Explore Chinatown" tourism site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nychinatown.org/manhattan.html">A Photo Journey through Chinatown</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinatownandlittleitaly.com">Chinatown and Little Italy Historic District</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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id="Chinatown,_Manhattan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chinatown, Manhattan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Green spaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Park_(Manhattan)" title="Columbus Park (Manhattan)">Columbus Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collect_Pond" title="Collect Pond">Collect Pond Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Delano_Roosevelt_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Sara Delano Roosevelt Park">Sara Delano Roosevelt Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shuang_Wen_School" title="Shuang Wen School">Shuang Wen School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pace_University_High_School" title="Pace University High School">Pace University High School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Transfiguration,_Roman_Catholic_(Manhattan)" title="Church of the Transfiguration, Roman Catholic (Manhattan)">Church of the Transfiguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldridge_Street_Synagogue" title="Eldridge Street Synagogue">Eldridge Street Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariner%27s_Temple" title="Mariner's Temple">Mariner's Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_and_Land_Church" title="Sea and Land Church">Sea and Land Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._James_Roman_Catholic_Church_(Manhattan)" title="St. James Roman Catholic Church (Manhattan)">St. James Roman Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Joseph_Church_(Chinatown,_Manhattan)" title="St. Joseph Church (Chinatown, Manhattan)">St. Joseph Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_American_Arts_Centre" title="Asian American Arts Centre">Asian American Arts Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Chinese_in_America" title="Museum of Chinese in America">Museum of Chinese in America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Community</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_B._Wang_Community_Health_Center" title="Charles B. Wang Community Health Center">Charles B. Wang Community Health Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Community_Center" title="Chinese Community Center">Chinese Community Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Consolidated_Benevolent_Association" title="Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association">Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Businesses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown_Fair" title="Chinatown Fair">Chinatown Fair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown_Ice_Cream_Factory" title="Chinatown Ice Cream Factory">Chinatown Ice Cream Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hop_Kee" title="Hop Kee">Hop Kee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jing_Fong" title="Jing Fong">Jing Fong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nom_Wah_Tea_Parlor" title="Nom Wah Tea Parlor">Nom Wah Tea Parlor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_River_Mart" title="Pearl River Mart">Pearl River Mart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wo_Hop" title="Wo Hop">Wo Hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_%26_Me_Books" title="Yu & Me Books">Yu & Me Books</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/51_Market_Street" title="51 Market Street">51 Market Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/97_Bowery" title="97 Bowery">97 Bowery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/254%E2%80%93260_Canal_Street" title="254–260 Canal Street">254–260 Canal Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_E._Smith_House" title="Alfred E. Smith House">Alfred E. Smith House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowery_Savings_Bank_Building_(130_Bowery)" title="Bowery Savings Bank Building (130 Bowery)">Bowery Savings Bank Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confucius_Plaza" title="Confucius Plaza">Confucius Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Mooney_House" title="Edward Mooney House">Edward Mooney House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Van_Rensselaer_House" title="Stephen Van Rensselaer House">Stephen Van Rensselaer House</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Former" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Garden" title="Atlantic Garden">Atlantic Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bull%27s_Head_Tavern" title="Bull's Head Tavern">Bull's Head Tavern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">Subway</a> stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_station_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="Canal Street station (New York City Subway)">Canal Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Street_station_(IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line)" title="Grand Street station (IND Sixth Avenue Line)">Grand Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_station" title="East Broadway station">East Broadway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Streets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Street" title="Allen Street">Allen Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baxter_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baxter Street (Manhattan)">Baxter Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowery" title="Bowery">Bowery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatham_Square" title="Chatham Square">Chatham Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrystie_Street" title="Chrystie Street">Chrystie Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Division_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Division Street (Manhattan)">Division Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doyers_Street" title="Doyers Street">Doyers Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="East Broadway (Manhattan)">East Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Elizabeth Street (Manhattan)">Elizabeth Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forsyth_Street" title="Forsyth Street">Forsyth Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Henry Street (Manhattan)">Henry Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Madison Street (Manhattan)">Madison Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mott_Street" title="Mott Street">Mott Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulberry_Bend" title="Mulberry Bend">Mulberry Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulberry_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Mulberry Street (Manhattan)">Mulberry Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five_Points,_Manhattan" title="Five Points, Manhattan">Five Points</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Brewery" title="The Old Brewery">The Old Brewery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tombs" title="The Tombs">The Tombs</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_2" title="Manhattan Community Board 2">Manhattan Community Board 2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_3" title="Manhattan Community Board 3">Manhattan Community Board 3</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Restaurants_in_the_City_of_New_York" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Restaurants_in_the_City_of_New_York" title="Template:Restaurants in the City of New York"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Restaurants_in_the_City_of_New_York" title="Template talk:Restaurants in the City of New York"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Restaurants_in_the_City_of_New_York" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Restaurants in the City of New York"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Restaurants_in_the_City_of_New_York" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Restaurants in the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">City of New York</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/15_East" title="15 East">15 East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/54_Below" title="54 Below">54 Below</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/63_Clinton" title="63 Clinton">63 Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABC_Kitchen" title="ABC Kitchen">ABC Kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABCV" title="ABCV">ABCV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%27Abeille" title="L'Abeille">L'Abeille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ai_Fiori" title="Ai Fiori">Ai Fiori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%27Appart" title="L'Appart">L'Appart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atoboy" title="Atoboy">Atoboy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restaurant_Aquavit" title="Restaurant Aquavit">Aquavit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asiate" title="Asiate">Asiate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atera_(restaurant)" title="Atera (restaurant)">Atera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Grill" title="Atlantic Grill">Atlantic Grill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atomix_(restaurant)" title="Atomix (restaurant)">Atomix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%26H_Dairy" title="B&H Dairy">B&H Dairy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babbo_(restaurant)" title="Babbo (restaurant)">Babbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baby_Brasa" title="Baby Brasa">Baby Brasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_Roman" title="Bad Roman">Bad Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balthazar_(restaurant)" title="Balthazar (restaurant)">Balthazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar_Next_Door_at_La_Lanterna_di_Vittorio" title="Bar Next Door at La Lanterna di Vittorio">Bar Next Door at La Lanterna di Vittorio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbetta" title="Barbetta">Barbetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbuto_(restaurant)" title="Barbuto (restaurant)">Barbuto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barney_Greengrass" title="Barney Greengrass">Barney Greengrass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Hill_(restaurant)" title="Blue Hill (restaurant)">Blue Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Bernardin" title="Le Bernardin">Le Bernardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C5%8Dm_(restaurant)" title="Bōm (restaurant)">Bōm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bungalow_(restaurant)" title="Bungalow (restaurant)">Bungalow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burp_Castle" title="Burp Castle">Burp Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BurritoVille" title="BurritoVille">BurritoVille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butter_Restaurant" title="Butter Restaurant">Butter Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Boulud" title="Café Boulud">Café Boulud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Carmellini" title="Café Carmellini">Café Carmellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_China" title="Café China">Café China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caffe_Reggio" title="Caffe Reggio">Caffe Reggio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caravaggio_(restaurant)" title="Caravaggio (restaurant)">Caravaggio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbone_(restaurant)" title="Carbone (restaurant)">Carbone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlyle_Restaurant" title="Carlyle Restaurant">Carlyle Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_Mono" title="Casa Mono">Casa Mono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caviar_Russe" title="Caviar Russe">Caviar Russe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles%27_Southern_Style_Kitchen" title="Charles' Southern Style Kitchen">Charles' Southern Style Kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef%27s_Table_at_Brooklyn_Fare" title="Chef's Table at Brooklyn Fare">Chef's Table at Brooklyn Fare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CheLi_(restaurant)" title="CheLi (restaurant)">CheLi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ci_Siamo" title="Ci Siamo">Ci Siamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cipriani_S.A." title="Cipriani S.A.">Cipriani S.A.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Street_Baking_Company_%26_Restaurant" title="Clinton Street Baking Company & Restaurant">Clinton Street Baking Company & Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Clocktower_(restaurant)" title="The Clocktower (restaurant)">The Clocktower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coqodaq" title="Coqodaq">Coqodaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corima_(restaurant)" title="Corima (restaurant)">Corima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cote_(restaurant)" title="Cote (restaurant)">Cote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Coucou_(restaurant)" title="Le Coucou (restaurant)">Le Coucou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Shy" title="Crown Shy">Crown Shy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dame_(restaurant)" title="Dame (restaurant)">Dame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_(restaurant)" title="Daniel (restaurant)">Daniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danji" title="Danji">Danji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delmonico%27s" title="Delmonico's">Delmonico's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimes_(restaurant)" title="Dimes (restaurant)">Dimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirt_Candy" title="Dirt Candy">Dirt Candy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Angie" title="Don Angie">Don Angie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorrian%27s_Red_Hand_Restaurant" title="Dorrian's Red Hand Restaurant">Dorrian's Red Hand Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenberg%27s_Sandwich_Shop" title="Eisenberg's Sandwich Shop">Eisenberg's Sandwich Shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleven_Madison_Park" title="Eleven Madison Park">Eleven Madison Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen%27s_Stardust_Diner" title="Ellen's Stardust Diner">Ellen's Stardust Diner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essential_by_Christophe" title="Essential by Christophe">Essential by Christophe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estela_(restaurant)" title="Estela (restaurant)">Estela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanelli_Cafe" title="Fanelli Cafe">Fanelli Cafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foul_Witch" title="Foul Witch">Foul Witch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Twenty_Five" title="Four Twenty Five">Four Twenty Five</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxface_Natural" title="Foxface Natural">Foxface Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraunces_Tavern" title="Fraunces Tavern">Fraunces Tavern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frenchette" title="Frenchette">Frenchette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frevo_(restaurant)" title="Frevo (restaurant)">Frevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Kreuther" title="Gabriel Kreuther">Gabriel Kreuther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallagher%27s_Steakhouse" title="Gallagher's Steakhouse">Gallagher's Steakhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotham_Bar_and_Grill" title="Gotham Bar and Grill">Gotham Bar and Grill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Goulue_(restaurant)" title="La Goulue (restaurant)">La Goulue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gramercy_Tavern" title="Gramercy Tavern">Gramercy Tavern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Oyster_Bar_%26_Restaurant" title="Grand Central Oyster Bar & Restaurant">Grand Central Oyster Bar & Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Papaya" title="Gray's Papaya">Gray's Papaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hags_(restaurant)" title="Hags (restaurant)">HAGS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Halal_Guys" title="The Halal Guys">The Halal Guys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamburger_America" title="Hamburger America">Hamburger America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hav_%26_Mar" title="Hav & Mar">Hav & Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%26H_Bagels" title="H&H Bagels">H&H Bagels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirohisa_(restaurant)" title="Hirohisa (restaurant)">Hirohisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hop_Kee" title="Hop Kee">Hop Kee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houseman_(restaurant)" title="Houseman (restaurant)">Houseman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hungarian_Pastry_Shop" title="The Hungarian Pastry Shop">The Hungarian Pastry Shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icca" title="Icca">Icca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Ramen" title="Ivan Ramen">Ivan Ramen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J.G._Melon" title="J.G. Melon">J.G. Melon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Jardinier" title="Le Jardinier">Le Jardinier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Georges" title="Jean-Georges">Jean-Georges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeju_Noodle_Bar" title="Jeju Noodle Bar">Jeju Noodle Bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Allen_(restaurant)" title="Joe Allen (restaurant)">Joe Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe%27s_Shanghai" title="Joe's Shanghai">Joe's Shanghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JoJo_(restaurant)" title="JoJo (restaurant)">JoJo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jua_(restaurant)" title="Jua (restaurant)">Jua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungsik" title="Jungsik">Jungsik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junoon_(restaurant)" title="Junoon (restaurant)">Junoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanoyama" title="Kanoyama">Kanoyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanyakumari_(restaurant)" title="Kanyakumari (restaurant)">Kanyakumari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappo_Masa_Restaurant" title="Kappo Masa Restaurant">Kappo Masa Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katz%27s_Delicatessen" title="Katz's Delicatessen">Katz's Delicatessen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keens_Steakhouse" title="Keens Steakhouse">Keens Steakhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kest%C3%A9" title="Kesté">Kesté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_(restaurant)" title="King (restaurant)">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Carriage_House" title="King's Carriage House">King's Carriage House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kochi_(restaurant)" title="Kochi (restaurant)">Kochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koloman_(restaurant)" title="Koloman (restaurant)">Koloman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kono_(restaurant)" title="Kono (restaurant)">Kono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosaka_(restaurant)" title="Kosaka (restaurant)">Kosaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kossar%27s_Bialys" title="Kossar's Bialys">Kossar's Bialys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurumazushi" title="Kurumazushi">Kurumazushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lan_Sheng" title="Lan Sheng">Lan Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laut_(restaurant)" title="Laut (restaurant)">Laut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombardi%27s_Pizza" title="Lombardi's Pizza">Lombardi's Pizza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_(restaurant)" title="Lord's (restaurant)"> Lord's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucciola_(restaurant)" title="Lucciola (restaurant)">Lucciola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_(restaurant)" title="Lucien (restaurant)">Lucien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusardi%27s" title="Lusardi's">Lusardi's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%E1%BA%AFm_(restaurant)" title="Mắm (restaurant)">Mắm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marea_(restaurant)" title="Marea (restaurant)">Marea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mari_(restaurant)" title="Mari (restaurant)">Mari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masa_(restaurant)" title="Masa (restaurant)">Masa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McSorley%27s_Old_Ale_House" title="McSorley's Old Ale House">McSorley's Old Ale House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Meatball_Shop" title="The Meatball Shop">The Meatball Shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael%27s_(restaurant)" title="Michael's (restaurant)">Michael's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_Bar_(bakery)" title="Milk Bar (bakery)">Milk Bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minetta_Tavern" title="Minetta Tavern">Minetta Tavern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray%27s_Sturgeon_Shop" title="Murray's Sturgeon Shop">Murray's Sturgeon Shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Musket_Room" title="The Musket Room">The Musket Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naro_(restaurant)" title="Naro (restaurant)">Naro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noda_(restaurant)" title="Noda (restaurant)">Noda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nom_Wah_Tea_Parlor" title="Nom Wah Tea Parlor">Nom Wah Tea Parlor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noz_17" title="Noz 17">Noz 17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numero_28" title="Numero 28">Numero 28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceana_(restaurant)" title="Oceana (restaurant)">Oceana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odo_(restaurant)" title="Odo (restaurant)">Odo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oiji_Mi" title="Oiji Mi">Oiji Mi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okdongsik" title="Okdongsik">Okdongsik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Homestead_Steakhouse" title="Old Homestead Steakhouse">Old Homestead Steakhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_If_By_Land,_Two_If_By_Sea_(restaurant)" title="One If By Land, Two If By Sea (restaurant)">One If By Land, Two If By Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_White_Street" title="One White Street">One White Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._J._Clarke%27s" title="P. J. Clarke's">P. J. Clarke's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Palm_(restaurant)" title="The Palm (restaurant)">The Palm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastrami_Queen" title="Pastrami Queen">Pastrami Queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patsy%27s" title="Patsy's">Patsy's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patsy%27s_Pizzeria" title="Patsy's Pizzeria">Patsy's Pizzeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Pavillon_(Daniel_Boulud_restaurant)" title="Le Pavillon (Daniel Boulud restaurant)">Le Pavillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny_(restaurant)" title="Penny (restaurant)">Penny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_Se_(restaurant)" title="Per Se (restaurant)">Per Se</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Street_(restaurant)" title="Perry Street (restaurant)">Perry Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete%27s_Tavern" title="Pete's Tavern">Pete's Tavern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pommes_Frites" title="Pommes Frites">Pommes Frites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Room" title="Rainbow Room">Rainbow Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rao%27s" title="Rao's">Rao's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray%27s_Candy_Store" title="Ray's Candy Store">Ray's Candy Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Paper_Clip" title="Red Paper Clip">Red Paper Clip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rezd%C3%B4ra" title="Rezdôra">Rezdôra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizzo%27s_Fine_Pizza" title="Rizzo's Fine Pizza">Rizzo's Fine Pizza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romany_Marie" title="Romany Marie">Romany Marie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Tea_Room" title="Russian Tea Room">Russian Tea Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russ_and_Daughters" class="mw-redirect" title="Russ and Daughters">Russ and Daughters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safari_(restaurant)" title="Safari (restaurant)">Safari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saga_(restaurant)" title="Saga (restaurant)">Saga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salumeria_Biellese" title="Salumeria Biellese">Salumeria Biellese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salumeria_Rosi_Parmacotto" title="Salumeria Rosi Parmacotto">Salumeria Rosi Parmacotto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardi%27s" title="Sardi's">Sardi's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarge%27s_Deli" title="Sarge's Deli">Sarge's Deli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasabune" title="Sasabune">Sasabune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satsuki_(restaurant)" title="Satsuki (restaurant)">Satsuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_Deli" title="Second Avenue Deli">Second Avenue Deli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semma_(restaurant)" title="Semma (restaurant)">Semma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serendipity_3" title="Serendipity 3">Serendipity 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevilla_(restaurant)" title="Sevilla (restaurant)">Sevilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shmon%C3%A9" title="Shmoné">Shmoné</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopsin%27s" title="Shopsin's">Shopsin's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shun_Lee_Palace" title="Shun Lee Palace">Shun Lee Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Soleil_(restaurant)" title="Le Soleil (restaurant)">Le Soleil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somtum_Der" title="Somtum Der">Somtum Der</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparks_Steak_House" title="Sparks Steak House">Sparks Steak House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strip_House" title="Strip House">Strip House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi_Amane" title="Sushi Amane">Sushi Amane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi_Azabu" title="Sushi Azabu">Sushi Azabu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi_Ichimura" title="Sushi Ichimura">Sushi Ichimura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi_Nakazawa" title="Sushi Nakazawa">Sushi Nakazawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi_Noz" title="Sushi Noz">Sushi Noz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi_Seki" title="Sushi Seki">Sushi Seki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi_Yasuda" title="Sushi Yasuda">Sushi Yasuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia%27s_Restaurant_of_Harlem" title="Sylvia's Restaurant of Harlem">Sylvia's Restaurant of Harlem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamarind_Tribeca" title="Tamarind Tribeca">Tamarind Tribeca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatiana_by_Kwame_Onwuachi" title="Tatiana by Kwame Onwuachi">Tatiana by Kwame Onwuachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavern_on_the_Green" title="Tavern on the Green">Tavern on the Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempura_Matsui" title="Tempura Matsui">Tempura Matsui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Odeon" title="The Odeon">The Odeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolo_(restaurant)" title="Tolo (restaurant)">Tolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom%27s_Restaurant" title="Tom's Restaurant">Tom's Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torien" title="Torien">Torien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torishin" title="Torishin">Torishin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrisi_(restaurant)" title="Torrisi (restaurant)">Torrisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Trois_Chevaux" class="mw-redirect" title="Les Trois Chevaux">Les Trois Chevaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribeca_Grill" title="Tribeca Grill">Tribeca Grill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuome_(restaurant)" title="Tuome (restaurant)">Tuome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Una_Pizza_Napoletana" title="Una Pizza Napoletana">Una Pizza Napoletana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbertos_Clam_House" title="Umbertos Clam House">Umbertos Clam House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Square_Cafe" title="Union Square Cafe">Union Square Cafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upland_(restaurant)" title="Upland (restaurant)">Upland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ushiwakamaru_(restaurant)" title="Ushiwakamaru (restaurant)">Ushiwakamaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Veau_d%27Or" title="Le Veau d'Or">Le Veau d'Or</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veniero%27s" title="Veniero's">Veniero's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veselka" title="Veselka">Veselka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vestry_(restaurant)" title="Vestry (restaurant)">Vestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walls%C3%A9" title="Wallsé">Wallsé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wo_Hop" title="Wo Hop">Wo Hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yonah_Schimmel%27s_Knish_Bakery" title="Yonah Schimmel's Knish Bakery">Yonah Schimmel's Knish Bakery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshino_(restaurant)" title="Yoshino (restaurant)">Yoshino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zabar%27s" title="Zabar's">Zabar's</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/21_Club" title="21 Club">21 Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Voce_Columbus" title="A Voce Columbus">A Voce Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agern" title="Agern">Agern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Coro" title="Al Coro">Al Coro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldea_(restaurant)" title="Aldea (restaurant)">Aldea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alto_(restaurant)" title="Alto (restaurant)">Alto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andanada" title="Andanada">Andanada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthos_(restaurant)" title="Anthos (restaurant)">Anthos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquagrill" title="Aquagrill">Aquagrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asti_(restaurant)" title="Asti (restaurant)">Asti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aureole_(restaurant)" title="Aureole (restaurant)">Aureole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar_Uch%C5%AB" title="Bar Uchū">Bar Uchū</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A2tard_(restaurant)" title="Bâtard (restaurant)">Bâtard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatrice_Inn" title="The Beatrice Inn">The Beatrice Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benno_(restaurant)" title="Benno (restaurant)">Benno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betony_(restaurant)" title="Betony (restaurant)">Betony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BiCE_Ristorante" title="BiCE Ristorante">BiCE Ristorante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BLT_Fish" title="BLT Fish">BLT Fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouley" title="Bouley">Bouley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brasserie_Julien" title="Brasserie Julien">Brasserie Julien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brasserie_Les_Halles" title="Brasserie Les Halles">Brasserie Les Halles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_Cafe" title="Bridge Cafe">Bridge Cafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Browne%27s_Chop_House" title="Browne's Chop House">Browne's Chop House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brushstroke_(restaurant)" title="Brushstroke (restaurant)">Brushstroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burger_Heaven" title="Burger Heaven">Burger Heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cafe_Chambord" title="Cafe Chambord">Cafe Chambord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Clover" title="Café Clover">Café Clover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_des_Artistes" title="Café des Artistes">Café des Artistes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Gray" title="Café Gray">Café Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Nicholson" title="Café Nicholson">Café Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cafe_Rouge_(Hotel_Pennsylvania)" title="Cafe Rouge (Hotel Pennsylvania)">Cafe Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cagen" title="Cagen">Cagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candle_Cafe" title="Candle Cafe">Candle Cafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Caravelle_(New_York_City)" title="La Caravelle (New York City)">La Caravelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Deli" title="Carnegie Deli">Carnegie Deli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chanterelle_(New_York_City_restaurant)" title="Chanterelle (New York City restaurant)">Chanterelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Place" title="Chelsea Place">Chelsea Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Tuxedo" title="Chinese Tuxedo">Chinese Tuxedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Cella" title="Christ Cella">Christ Cella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Cirque" title="Le Cirque">Le Cirque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_Club" title="Cloud Club">Cloud Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Coffee_Shop_(New_York_City)" title="The Coffee Shop (New York City)">The Coffee Shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convivio_(restaurant)" title="Convivio (restaurant)">Convivio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Street_Cafe" title="Cornelia Street Cafe">Cornelia Street Cafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contra_(restaurant)" title="Contra (restaurant)">Contra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corton_(restaurant)" title="Corton (restaurant)">Corton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costello%27s" title="Costello's">Costello's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_C%C3%B4te_Basque" title="La Côte Basque">La Côte Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cru_(restaurant)" title="Cru (restaurant)">Cru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Da_Silvano" title="Da Silvano">Da Silvano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Pezzo_Restaurant" title="Del Pezzo Restaurant">Del Pezzo Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Posto" title="Del Posto">Del Posto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devi_(restaurant)" title="Devi (restaurant)">Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dovetail_(restaurant)" title="Dovetail (restaurant)">Dovetail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubrow%27s_Cafeteria" title="Dubrow's Cafeteria">Dubrow's Cafeteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighty_One" title="Eighty One">Eighty One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine%27s" title="Elaine's">Elaine's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etats-Unis" title="Etats-Unis">Etats-Unis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_Cafe" title="Fashion Cafe">Fashion Cafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiamma_Osteria" title="Fiamma Osteria">Fiamma Osteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleur_de_Sel" title="Fleur de Sel">Fleur de Sel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florent_(restaurant)" title="Florent (restaurant)">Florent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FOOD_(New_York_City_restaurant)" title="FOOD (New York City restaurant)">FOOD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Seasons_Restaurant" title="Four Seasons Restaurant">Four Seasons Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gaslight_Cafe" title="The Gaslight Cafe">The Gaslight Cafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Grenouille_(restaurant)" title="La Grenouille (restaurant)">La Grenouille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hallo_Berlin" title="Hallo Berlin">Hallo Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_%26_Ida%27s_Meat_and_Supply_Co." title="Harry & Ida's Meat and Supply Co.">Harry & Ida's Meat and Supply Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heartbreak_(restaurant)" title="Heartbreak (restaurant)">Heartbreak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horn_%26_Hardart" title="Horn & Hardart">Horn & Hardart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichimura_at_Brushstroke" title="Ichimura at Brushstroke">Ichimura at Brushstroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jekyll_%26_Hyde_Club" title="Jekyll & Hyde Club">Jekyll & Hyde Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewel_Bako" title="Jewel Bako">Jewel Bako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joomak_Banjum" title="Joomak Banjum">Joomak Banjum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juni_(restaurant)" title="Juni (restaurant)">Juni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kajitsu" title="Kajitsu">Kajitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiev_Restaurant" title="Kiev Restaurant">Kiev Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyo_Ya" title="Kyo Ya">Kyo Ya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_(restaurant)" title="Lafayette (restaurant)">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanza%27s" title="Lanza's">Lanza's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lespinasse_(restaurant)" title="Lespinasse (restaurant)">Lespinasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindy%27s" title="Lindy's">Lindy's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobster_Palace" title="Lobster Palace">Lobster Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longchamps_(restaurant_chain)" title="Longchamps (restaurant chain)">Longchamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCchow%27s" title="Lüchow's">Lüchow's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lut%C3%A8ce_(restaurant)" title="Lutèce (restaurant)">Lutèce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manganaro%27s" title="Manganaro's">Manganaro's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_2112" title="Mars 2112">Mars 2112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mas_(restaurant)" title="Mas (restaurant)">Mas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsugen" title="Matsugen">Matsugen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell%27s_Plum" title="Maxwell's Plum">Maxwell's Plum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mischa_(restaurant)" title="Mischa (restaurant)">Mischa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montrachet_(restaurant)" title="Montrachet (restaurant)">Montrachet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moondance_Diner" title="Moondance Diner">Moondance Diner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mori_(New_York_City_restaurant)" title="Mori (New York City restaurant)">Mori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munson_Diner" title="Munson Diner">Munson Diner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neary%27s" title="Neary's">Neary's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedick%27s" title="Nedick's">Nedick's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nix_(restaurant)" title="Nix (restaurant)">Nix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_NoMad" title="The NoMad">The NoMad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O_Ya_(restaurant)" title="O Ya (restaurant)">O Ya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Room_(Plaza_Hotel)" title="Oak Room (Plaza Hotel)">Oak Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okuda_(restaurant)" title="Okuda (restaurant)">Okuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Original_Soupman" title="The Original Soupman">The Original Soupman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papaya_King" title="Papaya King">Papaya King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Pavillon_(Henri_Soul%C3%A9_restaurant)" title="Le Pavillon (Henri Soulé restaurant)">Le Pavillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny_Cafeteria" title="Penny Cafeteria">Penny Cafeteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piora_(restaurant)" title="Piora (restaurant)">Piora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Burger" title="Prime Burger">Prime Burger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_(restaurant)" title="Public (restaurant)">Public</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pure_Food_and_Wine" title="Pure Food and Wine">Pure Food and Wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Quilted_Giraffe" title="The Quilted Giraffe">The Quilted Giraffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quo_Vadis_(New_York_restaurant)" title="Quo Vadis (New York restaurant)">Quo Vadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratner%27s" title="Ratner's">Ratner's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebelle_(restaurant)" title="Rebelle (restaurant)">Rebelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reisenweber%27s_Cafe" title="Reisenweber's Cafe">Reisenweber's Cafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuben%27s_Restaurant" title="Reuben's Restaurant">Reuben's Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhong-Tiam" title="Rhong-Tiam">Rhong-Tiam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocco_Restaurant" title="Rocco Restaurant">Rocco Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolfe%27s_Chop_House" title="Rolfe's Chop House">Rolfe's Chop House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosanjin_(restaurant)" title="Rosanjin (restaurant)">Rosanjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpelmayer%27s_(New_York_City)" title="Rumpelmayer's (New York City)">Rumpelmayer’s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy%27s_Roumanian_Steakhouse" title="Sammy's Roumanian Steakhouse">Sammy's Roumanian Steakhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo_Scalco" title="Lo Scalco">Lo Scalco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Sirena_(restaurant)" title="La Sirena (restaurant)">La Sirena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanley%27s_Restaurants" title="Shanley's Restaurants">Shanley's Restaurants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherry%27s" title="Sherry's">Sherry's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sign_of_the_Dove_(restaurant)" title="The Sign of the Dove (restaurant)">The Sign of the Dove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soto_(restaurant)" title="Soto (restaurant)">Soto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Spotted_Pig" title="The Spotted Pig">The Spotted Pig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_Deli" title="Stage Deli">Stage Deli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_Exchange_Luncheon_Club" title="Stock Exchange Luncheon Club">Stock Exchange Luncheon Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stork_Club" title="Stork Club">Stork Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teany" title="Teany">Teany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telepan" title="Telepan">Telepan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetsu_(restaurant)" title="Tetsu (restaurant)">Tetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toots_Shor%27s_Restaurant" title="Toots Shor's Restaurant">Toots Shor's Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramezzini_NYC" title="Tramezzini NYC">Tramezzini NYC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Tulipe" title="La Tulipe">La Tulipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsi_(restaurant)" title="Tulsi (restaurant)">Tulsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukiyo_(restaurant)" title="Ukiyo (restaurant)">Ukiyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Boons" title="Uncle Boons">Uncle Boons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veritas_(restaurant)" title="Veritas (restaurant)">Veritas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Village_Den" title="The Village Den">The Village Den</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vong_(restaurant)" title="Vong (restaurant)">Vong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Water_Club_(restaurant)" title="The Water Club (restaurant)">The Water Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wd~50" title="Wd~50">wd~50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_on_the_World" title="Windows on the World">Windows on the World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_World_(WWE)" title="The World (WWE)">The World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZZ%27s_Clam_Bar" title="ZZ's Clam Bar">ZZ's Clam Bar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chinatown, Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curry_Row" title="Curry Row">Curry Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Brazil,_Manhattan" title="Little Brazil, Manhattan">Little Brazil, Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Italy,_Manhattan" title="Little Italy, Manhattan">Little Italy, Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restaurant_Row_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Restaurant Row (Manhattan)">Restaurant Row</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chinatowns_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chinatowns_in_the_United_States" title="Template:Chinatowns in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chinatowns_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Chinatowns in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chinatowns_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chinatowns in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chinatowns_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_the_United_States" title="Chinatowns in the United States">Chinatowns in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chamblee,_Georgia#Atlanta_Chinatown" title="Chamblee, Georgia">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Austin#Austin_Chinatown" title="Greater Austin">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Baltimore" title="Chinatown, Baltimore">Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Boise" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Boise">Boise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Boston" title="Chinatown, Boston">Boston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Quincy_(Quincy,_Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="North Quincy (Quincy, Massachusetts)">Quincy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Chicago" title="Chinatown, Chicago">Chicago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Argyle_Street_Historic_District" title="West Argyle Street Historic District">West Argyle Street</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Chinatown,_Cleveland" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Chinatown, Cleveland">Cleveland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asiatown,_Cleveland" title="Asiatown, Cleveland">Asiatown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans_in_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth" title="Chinese Americans in Dallas–Fort Worth">Dallas-Fort Worth</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richardson,_Texas" title="Richardson, Texas">Richardson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Denver" title="Chinatown, Denver">Denver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Detroit" title="Chinatown, Detroit">Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Honolulu" title="Chinatown, Honolulu">Honolulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Houston" title="Chinatown, Houston">Houston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Downtown_Houston" title="East Downtown Houston">East Downtown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Las_Vegas" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locke,_California" title="Locke, California">Locke, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Los_Angeles" title="Chinatown, Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_enclaves_in_the_San_Gabriel_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese enclaves in the San Gabriel Valley">San Gabriel Valley</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Miami_Beach,_Florida#2000_census" title="North Miami Beach, Florida">North Miami Beach</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montville,_Connecticut" title="Montville, Connecticut">Montville, Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edison,_New_Jersey" title="Edison, New Jersey">Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Chinatown, Newark, New Jersey">Newark</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_New_Orleans" title="Chinatown, New Orleans">New Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese people in New York City">New York City</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_Brooklyn" title="Chinatowns in Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_Queens" title="Chinatowns in Queens">Queens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_District,_Oklahoma_City" title="Asia District, Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Philadelphia" title="Chinatown, Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Phoenix" title="Chinatown, Phoenix">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown_(Pittsburgh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown (Pittsburgh)">Pittsburgh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Squirrel_Hill_(Pittsburgh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Squirrel Hill (Pittsburgh)">Squirrel Hill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese-Americans_in_Portland,_Maine" title="Chinese-Americans in Portland, Maine">Portland, Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Town_Chinatown" title="Old Town Chinatown">Portland, Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Providence" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Providence">Providence, Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Salem,_Oregon" title="Chinatown, Salem, Oregon">Salem, Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_St._Louis" title="Chinatown, St. Louis">St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Salt_Lake_City" title="Chinatown, Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Pacific_Thematic_Historic_District" title="Asian Pacific Thematic Historic District">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Chinese Americans in San Francisco">San Francisco Bay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_San_Francisco" title="Chinatown, San Francisco">San Francisco Chinatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Oakland" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Oakland">Oakland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_District,_San_Francisco" title="Richmond District, San Francisco">Richmond District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_District,_San_Francisco" title="Sunset District, San Francisco">Sunset District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_San_Jose,_California" title="Chinatowns in San Jose, California">San Jose</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans_in_Seattle" title="History of Chinese Americans in Seattle">Seattle-Tacoma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown%E2%80%93International_District,_Seattle" title="Chinatown–International District, Seattle">Seattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Tacoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Tacoma">Tacoma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Spokane" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Spokane">Spokane, Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Washington,_D.C." title="Chinatown, Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rockville,_Maryland#Asian" title="Rockville, Maryland">Rockville, Maryland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnemucca,_Nevada#Chinatown" title="Winnemucca, Nevada">Winnemucca, Nevada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chinese_American_topics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chinese_American" title="Template:Chinese American"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chinese_American" title="Template talk:Chinese American"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chinese_American" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chinese American"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chinese_American_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans" title="Chinese Americans">Chinese American topics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans" title="Chinese Americans">Chinese Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American-born_Chinese" title="American-born Chinese">American-born Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuzhou_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuzhou Americans">Fuzhou Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakka_Americans" title="Hakka Americans">Hakka Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoklo_Americans" title="Hoklo Americans">Hoklo Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Americans" title="Hong Kong Americans">Hong Kong Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyphenated_American" title="Hyphenated American">Hyphenated American</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans" title="History of Chinese Americans">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_American_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese American history">Chinese American history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._immigration_policy_toward_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="U.S. immigration policy toward the People's Republic of China">U.S. immigration policy toward the People's Republic of China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Hundred_Years:_History_of_the_Chinese_in_America" title="One Hundred Years: History of the Chinese in America">One Hundred Years: History of the Chinese in America</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="by_location" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">by location</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>California <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans_in_Los_Angeles" title="History of Chinese Americans in Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Chinese Americans in San Francisco">San Francisco</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans_in_Colorado" title="History of Chinese Americans in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_immigration_to_Hawaii" title="Chinese immigration to Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li>Illinois (<a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans_in_Chicago" title="History of Chinese Americans in Chicago">Chicago</a>)</li> <li>Massachusetts (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans_in_Boston" title="Chinese Americans in Boston">Boston</a>)</li> <li>Michigan (<a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans_in_Metro_Detroit" title="History of Chinese Americans in Metro Detroit">Detroit</a>)</li> <li>Mississippi (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans_in_the_Mississippi_Delta" title="Chinese Americans in the Mississippi Delta">Mississippi Delta</a>)</li> <li>Missouri (<a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans_in_St._Louis" title="History of Chinese Americans in St. Louis">St. Louis</a>)</li> <li>New York (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese people in New York City">New York City</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_immigration_to_Puerto_Rico" title="Chinese immigration to Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Chinese_Americans_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Chinese Americans in Texas">Texas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans_in_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth" title="Chinese Americans in Dallas–Fort Worth">Dallas-Fort Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans_in_Houston" title="History of Chinese Americans in Houston">Houston</a></li></ul></li> <li>Washington State (<a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans_in_Seattle" title="History of Chinese Americans in Seattle">Seattle</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anti-Chinese_sentiment_in_the_United_States" title="Anti-Chinese sentiment in the United States">Anti-Chinese discrimination</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Chinese_legislation_in_the_United_States" title="Anti-Chinese legislation in the United States">Anti-Chinese legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Coolie_Act" title="Anti-Coolie Act">Anti-Coolie Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Exclusion_Act" title="Chinese Exclusion Act">Chinese Exclusion Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geary_Act" title="Geary Act">Geary Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_Act_of_1924" title="Immigration Act of 1924">Immigration Act of 1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_Act" title="Cable Act">Cable Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnuson_Act" title="Magnuson Act">Magnuson Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_and_Nationality_Act_of_1965" title="Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965">Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Initiative" title="China Initiative">China Initiative</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1867_Chinese_Labor_Strike" title="1867 Chinese Labor Strike">1867 Chinese Labor Strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_massacre_of_1871" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese massacre of 1871">Chinese massacre of 1871</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_riot_of_1877" title="San Francisco riot of 1877">San Francisco riot of 1877</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tape_v._Hurley" title="Tape v. Hurley">Tape v. Hurley</a> (1884)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Squak_Valley_Chinese_laborers,_1885" title="Attack on Squak Valley Chinese laborers, 1885">Attack on Squak Valley Chinese laborers, 1885</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Springs_massacre" title="Rock Springs massacre">Rock Springs massacre</a> (1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacoma_riot_of_1885" title="Tacoma riot of 1885">Tacoma riot of 1885</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle_riot_of_1886" title="Seattle riot of 1886">Seattle riot of 1886</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yick_Wo_v._Hopkins" title="Yick Wo v. Hopkins">Yick Wo v. Hopkins</a> (1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hells_Canyon_Massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Hells Canyon Massacre">Hells Canyon Massacre</a> (1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Wong_Kim_Ark" title="United States v. Wong Kim Ark">United States v. Wong Kim Ark</a> (1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coast_race_riots_of_1907" title="Pacific Coast race riots of 1907">Pacific Coast race riots of 1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellingham_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="Bellingham riots">Bellingham riots</a> (1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Vincent_Chin" title="Killing of Vincent Chin">Killing of Vincent Chin</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Akai_Gurley" title="Killing of Akai Gurley">Killing of Akai Gurley</a> (2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_the_United_States" title="Chinatowns in the United States">Chinatowns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chamblee,_Georgia#Atlanta_Chinatown" title="Chamblee, Georgia">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Austin#Austin_Chinatown" title="Greater Austin">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Baltimore" title="Chinatown, Baltimore">Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Boise" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Boise">Boise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Boston" title="Chinatown, Boston">Boston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Quincy_(Quincy,_Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="North Quincy (Quincy, Massachusetts)">Quincy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Chicago" title="Chinatown, Chicago">Chicago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Argyle_Street_Historic_District" title="West Argyle Street Historic District">West Argyle Street</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Chinatown,_Cleveland" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Chinatown, Cleveland">Cleveland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asiatown,_Cleveland" title="Asiatown, Cleveland">Asiatown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans_in_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth" title="Chinese Americans in Dallas–Fort Worth">Dallas-Fort Worth</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richardson,_Texas" title="Richardson, Texas">Richardson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Denver" title="Chinatown, Denver">Denver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Detroit" title="Chinatown, Detroit">Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Honolulu" title="Chinatown, Honolulu">Honolulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Houston" title="Chinatown, Houston">Houston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Downtown_Houston" title="East Downtown Houston">East Downtown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Las_Vegas" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locke,_California" title="Locke, California">Locke, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Los_Angeles" title="Chinatown, Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_enclaves_in_the_San_Gabriel_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese enclaves in the San Gabriel Valley">San Gabriel Valley</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Miami_Beach,_Florida#2000_census" title="North Miami Beach, Florida">North Miami Beach</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montville,_Connecticut" title="Montville, Connecticut">Montville, Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edison,_New_Jersey" title="Edison, New Jersey">Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Chinatown, Newark, New Jersey">Newark</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_New_Orleans" title="Chinatown, New Orleans">New Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese people in New York City">New York City</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_Brooklyn" title="Chinatowns in Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_Queens" title="Chinatowns in Queens">Queens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_District,_Oklahoma_City" title="Asia District, Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Philadelphia" title="Chinatown, Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Phoenix" title="Chinatown, Phoenix">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown_(Pittsburgh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown (Pittsburgh)">Pittsburgh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Squirrel_Hill_(Pittsburgh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Squirrel Hill (Pittsburgh)">Squirrel Hill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese-Americans_in_Portland,_Maine" title="Chinese-Americans in Portland, Maine">Portland, Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Town_Chinatown" title="Old Town Chinatown">Portland, Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Providence" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Providence">Providence, Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Salem,_Oregon" title="Chinatown, Salem, Oregon">Salem, Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_St._Louis" title="Chinatown, St. Louis">St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Salt_Lake_City" title="Chinatown, Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Pacific_Thematic_Historic_District" title="Asian Pacific Thematic Historic District">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Chinese Americans in San Francisco">San Francisco Bay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_San_Francisco" title="Chinatown, San Francisco">San Francisco Chinatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Oakland" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Oakland">Oakland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_District,_San_Francisco" title="Richmond District, San Francisco">Richmond District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_District,_San_Francisco" title="Sunset District, San Francisco">Sunset District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_San_Jose,_California" title="Chinatowns in San Jose, California">San Jose</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans_in_Seattle" title="History of Chinese Americans in Seattle">Seattle-Tacoma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown%E2%80%93International_District,_Seattle" title="Chinatown–International District, Seattle">Seattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Tacoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Tacoma">Tacoma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Spokane" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown, Spokane">Spokane, Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Washington,_D.C." title="Chinatown, Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rockville,_Maryland#Asian" title="Rockville, Maryland">Rockville, Maryland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnemucca,_Nevada#Chinatown" title="Winnemucca, Nevada">Winnemucca, Nevada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Food</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/American_Chinese_cuisine" title="American Chinese cuisine">American Chinese cuisine</a></dd> <dt>Film</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_Chinese_Americans" title="Category:Films about Chinese Americans">American Chinese films</a></dd> <dt>Terminology</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chinaman%27s_chance" title="Chinaman's chance">Chinaman's chance</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jook-sing" title="Jook-sing">Jook-sing</a></dd> <dt>Events</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Love_Boat_(study_tour)" title="Love Boat (study tour)">Love boat</a></dd> <dt>Education</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chinese_school" title="Chinese school">Chinese school</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Confucius_Institute" title="Confucius Institute">Confucius Institute</a></dd> <dt>Transportation</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chinatown_bus_lines" title="Chinatown bus lines">Chinatown bus lines</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Chinese_in_America" title="Museum of Chinese in America">Museum of Chinese in America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_American_Museum" title="Chinese American Museum">Chinese American Museum</a> (Los Angeles)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_American_Museum_DC" title="Chinese American Museum DC">Chinese American Museum DC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Historical_Society_of_America" title="Chinese Historical Society of America">Chinese Historical Society of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kam_Wah_Chung_%26_Co._Museum" title="Kam Wah Chung & Co. Museum">Kam Wah Chung & Co. Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wing_Luke_Museum_of_the_Asian_Pacific_American_Experience" class="mw-redirect" title="Wing Luke Museum of the Asian Pacific American Experience">Wing Luke Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wo_Hing_Society_Hall" title="Wo Hing Society Hall">Wo Hing Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese-American_organizations" title="Category:Chinese-American organizations">Organizations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_American_associations" title="List of Chinese American associations">List of Chinese American associations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_American_Citizens_Alliance" title="Chinese American Citizens Alliance">Chinese American Citizens Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_American_church" title="Chinese American church">Chinese American church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Community_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Community Centre">Chinese Community Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Consolidated_Benevolent_Association" title="Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association">Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Historical_Society_of_Southern_California" title="Chinese Historical Society of Southern California">Chinese Historical Society of Southern California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Society_Halls_on_Maui" title="Chinese Society Halls on Maui">Chinese Society Halls on Maui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ying_On_Association" title="Ying On Association">Ying On Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Staff_and_Workers%27_Association" title="Chinese Staff and Workers' Association">Chinese Staff and Workers' Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_for_Affirmative_Action" title="Chinese for Affirmative Action">Chinese for Affirmative Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_100_(United_States)" title="Committee of 100 (United States)">Committee of 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Chinese_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization of Chinese Americans">Organization of Chinese Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bing_Kong_Tong" title="Bing Kong Tong">Bing Kong Tong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_Sing_Association" title="Hip Sing Association">Hip Sing Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Banks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cathay_Bank" title="Cathay Bank">Cathay Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_International_Bank" title="United International Bank">United International Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Commerce_Bank" title="Global Commerce Bank">Global Commerce Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_West_Bank" title="East West Bank">East West Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Chinese_banks" title="Overseas Chinese banks">Others</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_Americans" title="List of Chinese Americans">List of Chinese Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._cities_with_significant_Chinese-American_populations" title="List of U.S. cities with significant Chinese-American populations">List of U.S. cities with significant Chinese-American populations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Neighborhoods_in_the_New_York_City_borough_of_Manhattan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Manhattan" title="Template:Manhattan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Manhattan" title="Template talk:Manhattan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Manhattan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Manhattan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Neighborhoods_in_the_New_York_City_borough_of_Manhattan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Manhattan_neighborhoods" title="List of Manhattan neighborhoods">Neighborhoods</a> in the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> <a href="/wiki/Boroughs_of_New_York_City" title="Boroughs of New York City">borough</a> of <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lower_Manhattan" title="Lower Manhattan">Lower Manhattan</a> below 14th St (CB <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_1" title="Manhattan Community Board 1">1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_2" title="Manhattan Community Board 2">2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_3" title="Manhattan Community Board 3">3</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_City,_Manhattan" title="Alphabet City, Manhattan">Alphabet City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battery_Park_City" title="Battery Park City">Battery Park City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowery" title="Bowery">Bowery</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chinatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Center,_Manhattan" title="Civic Center, Manhattan">Civic Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooperative_Village" title="Cooperative Village">Cooperative Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimes_Square" title="Dimes Square">Dimes Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Village,_Manhattan" title="East Village, Manhattan">East Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex_Crossing" title="Essex Crossing">Essex Crossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Manhattan" title="Financial District, Manhattan">Financial District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Village" title="Greenwich Village">Greenwich Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Square" title="Hudson Square">Hudson Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Australia" title="Little Australia">Little Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">Little Fuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Italy,_Manhattan" title="Little Italy, Manhattan">Little Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_City,_Manhattan#Loisaida" title="Alphabet City, Manhattan">Loisaida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_East_Side" title="Lower East Side">Lower East Side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meatpacking_District,_Manhattan" title="Meatpacking District, Manhattan">Meatpacking District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NoHo,_Manhattan" title="NoHo, Manhattan">NoHo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nolita" title="Nolita">Nolita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SoHo,_Manhattan" title="SoHo, Manhattan">SoHo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Street_Seaport" title="South Street Seaport">South Street Seaport</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Village" title="South Village">South Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribeca" title="Tribeca">Tribeca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Bridges,_Manhattan" title="Two Bridges, Manhattan">Two Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Village" title="West Village">West Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_(2001%E2%80%93present)" title="World Trade Center (2001–present)">World Trade Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown Manhattan</a> (CB <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_5" title="Manhattan Community Board 5">5</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Circle" title="Columbus Circle">Columbus Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th_Street_(Manhattan)#Diamond_District" title="47th Street (Manhattan)">Diamond District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flatiron_District" title="Flatiron District">Flatiron District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garment_District,_Manhattan" title="Garment District, Manhattan">Garment District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herald_Square" title="Herald Square">Herald Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreatown,_Manhattan" title="Koreatown, Manhattan">Koreatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_and_Madison_Square_Park" title="Madison Square and Madison Square Park">Madison Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midtown_South" title="Midtown South">Midtown South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NoMad,_Manhattan" title="NoMad, Manhattan">NoMad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Alley" title="Silicon Alley">Silicon Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theater_District,_Manhattan" title="Theater District, Manhattan">Theater District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square" title="Times Square">Times Square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Side_(Manhattan)" title="West Side (Manhattan)">West Side</a> (CB <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_4" title="Manhattan Community Board 4">4</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_7" title="Manhattan Community Board 7">7</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea,_Manhattan" title="Chelsea, Manhattan">Chelsea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hell%27s_Kitchen,_Manhattan" title="Hell's Kitchen, Manhattan">Hell's Kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Yards,_Manhattan" title="Hudson Yards, Manhattan">Hudson Yards</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Yards_(development)" title="Hudson Yards (development)">development</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Square,_Manhattan" title="Lincoln Square, Manhattan">Lincoln Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Valley" title="Manhattan Valley">Manhattan Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penn_South" title="Penn South">Penn South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomander_Walk" title="Pomander Walk">Pomander Walk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_South,_Manhattan" title="Riverside South, Manhattan">Riverside South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_West_Side" title="Upper West Side">Upper West Side</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Side_(Manhattan)" title="East Side (Manhattan)">East Side</a> (CB <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_6" title="Manhattan Community Board 6">6</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_8" title="Manhattan Community Board 8">8</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hill" title="Carnegie Hill">Carnegie Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gramercy_Park" title="Gramercy Park">Gramercy Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kips_Bay,_Manhattan" title="Kips Bay, Manhattan">Kips Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenox_Hill" title="Lenox Hill">Lenox Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Hill,_Manhattan" title="Murray Hill, Manhattan">Murray Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_Town%E2%80%93Peter_Cooper_Village" title="Stuyvesant Town–Peter Cooper Village">Peter Cooper Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Hill,_Manhattan" title="Rose Hill, Manhattan">Rose Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_Square" title="Stuyvesant Square">Stuyvesant Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_Town%E2%80%93Peter_Cooper_Village" title="Stuyvesant Town–Peter Cooper Village">Stuyvesant Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Avenue_and_Sutton_Place" title="York Avenue and Sutton Place">Sutton Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tudor_City" title="Tudor City">Tudor City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turtle_Bay,_Manhattan" title="Turtle Bay, Manhattan">Turtle Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Square,_Manhattan" title="Union Square, Manhattan">Union Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_East_Side" title="Upper East Side">Upper East Side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterside_Plaza" title="Waterside Plaza">Waterside Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorkville,_Manhattan" title="Yorkville, Manhattan">Yorkville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Upper_Manhattan" title="Upper Manhattan">Upper Manhattan</a> above 110th St (CB <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_9" title="Manhattan Community Board 9">9</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_10" title="Manhattan Community Board 10">10</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_11" title="Manhattan Community Board 11">11</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_12" title="Manhattan Community Board 12">12</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astor_Row" title="Astor Row">Astor Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Harlem" title="East Harlem">East Harlem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_George_(New_York)" title="Fort George (New York)">Fort George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Heights,_Manhattan" title="Hamilton Heights, Manhattan">Hamilton Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlem" title="Harlem">Harlem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Heights,_Manhattan" title="Hudson Heights, Manhattan">Hudson Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inwood,_Manhattan" title="Inwood, Manhattan">Inwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Petit_Senegal" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Petit Senegal">Le Petit Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattanville,_Manhattan" title="Manhattanville, Manhattan">Manhattanville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marble_Hill,_Manhattan" title="Marble Hill, Manhattan">Marble Hill</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bronx_Community_Board_8" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronx Community Board 8">Bx CB 8</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Morris_Park_Historic_District" title="Mount Morris Park Historic District">Mount Morris Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morningside_Heights" title="Morningside Heights">Morningside Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugar_Hill,_Manhattan" title="Sugar Hill, Manhattan">Sugar Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvan_Place" title="Sylvan Place">Sylvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Heights,_Manhattan" title="Washington Heights, Manhattan">Washington Heights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ellis_Island" title="Ellis Island">Ellis Island</a> (CB 1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governors_Island" title="Governors Island">Governors Island</a> (CB 1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Island" title="Liberty Island">Liberty Island</a> (CB 1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randalls_and_Wards_Islands" title="Randalls and Wards Islands">Randalls Island</a> (CB 11)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Island" title="Roosevelt Island">Roosevelt Island</a> (CB 8)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randalls_and_Wards_Islands" title="Randalls and Wards Islands">Wards Island</a> (CB 11)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five_Points,_Manhattan" title="Five Points, Manhattan">Five Points</a> (CB 3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_Town%E2%80%93Peter_Cooper_Village#Gas_House_District" title="Stuyvesant Town–Peter Cooper Village">Gas House District</a> (CB 6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jones%27s_Wood" title="Jones's Wood">Jones's Wood</a> (CB 8)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladies%27_Mile_Historic_District" title="Ladies' Mile Historic District">Ladies' Mile</a> (CB 5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Germany,_Manhattan" title="Little Germany, Manhattan">Little Germany</a> (CB 3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Spain,_Manhattan" title="Little Spain, Manhattan">Little Spain</a> (CB 4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Syria,_Manhattan" title="Little Syria, Manhattan">Little Syria</a> (CB 1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattantown" title="Manhattantown">Manhattantown</a> (CB 7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Row" title="Radio Row">Radio Row</a> (CB 1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan_Hill,_Manhattan" title="San Juan Hill, Manhattan">San Juan Hill</a> (CB 7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seneca_Village" title="Seneca Village">Seneca Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenderloin,_Manhattan" title="Tenderloin, Manhattan">Tenderloin</a> (CB 4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiddish_Theatre_District" title="Yiddish Theatre District">Yiddish Theatre District</a> (CB 3)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Community_boards_of_Manhattan" title="Community boards of Manhattan">Community boards</a>: <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_1" title="Manhattan Community Board 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_2" title="Manhattan Community Board 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_3" title="Manhattan Community Board 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_4" title="Manhattan Community Board 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_5" title="Manhattan Community Board 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_6" title="Manhattan Community Board 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_7" title="Manhattan Community Board 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_8" title="Manhattan Community Board 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_9" title="Manhattan Community Board 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_10" title="Manhattan Community Board 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_11" title="Manhattan Community Board 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_12" title="Manhattan Community Board 12">12</a> </li> <li>Joint interest area:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">64</a> (Central Park)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_groups_in_New_York_City" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnicity_in_New_York_City" title="Template:Ethnicity in New York City"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnicity_in_New_York_City" title="Template talk:Ethnicity in New York City"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnicity_in_New_York_City" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnicity in New York City"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_groups_in_New_York_City" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_New_York_City" title="Demographic history of New York City">Ethnic groups</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancestries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_York_City#Arab" title="Demographics of New York City">Arabs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Americans_in_New_York_City" title="Syrian Americans in New York City">Syrians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_York_City#African_diaspora" title="Demographics of New York City">African Americans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Jews_in_New_York_City" title="Black Jews in New York City">Black Jews</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Brazil,_Manhattan" title="Little Brazil, Manhattan">Brazilians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian Americans in New York City">Asians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese people in New York City">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipinos_in_the_New_York_metropolitan_area" title="Filipinos in the New York metropolitan area">Filipinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indians_in_the_New_York_City_metropolitan_area" title="Indians in the New York City metropolitan area">Indians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_in_New_York_City" title="Japanese in New York City">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Koreans in New York City">Koreans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_people_in_New_York_City" title="Taiwanese people in New York City">Taiwanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_York_City#European" title="Demographics of New York City">Europeans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Americans_in_New_York_City" title="Belarusian Americans in New York City">Belarusians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Americans_in_New_York_City" title="Dutch Americans in New York City">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_York_City#German" title="Demographics of New York City">Germans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Americans_in_New_York_City" title="Irish Americans in New York City">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italians_in_New_York_City" title="Italians in New York City">Italians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Americans_in_New_York_City" title="Russian Americans in New York City">Russians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Americans_in_New_York_City" title="Ukrainian Americans in New York City">Ukrainians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_immigration_to_New_York_City" title="Caribbean immigration to New York City">Caribbeans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_York_City#Hispanics" title="Demographics of New York City">Hispanics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Ricans_in_New_York_City" title="Puerto Ricans in New York City">Puerto Ricans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominicans_in_New_York_City" title="Dominicans in New York City">Dominicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexicans_in_New_York_City" title="Mexicans in New York City">Mexicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_York_City#Salvadoran" title="Demographics of New York City">Salvadorans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_New_York_City" title="History of the Jews in New York City">Jews</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Jews_in_New_York_City" title="Black Jews in New York City">Black Jews</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenape" title="Lenape">Native Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_New_York_City" title="Romani people in New York City">Romani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_ethnic_enclaves" title="New York City ethnic enclaves">Ethnic enclaves</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Avenue_(Brooklyn)" title="Eighth Avenue (Brooklyn)">8th Avenue/Lapskaus Blvd.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astoria,_Queens" title="Astoria, Queens">Astoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Avenue" title="Arthur Avenue">Arthur Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Ridge,_Brooklyn" title="Bay Ridge, Brooklyn">Bay Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford%E2%80%93Stuyvesant,_Brooklyn" title="Bedford–Stuyvesant, Brooklyn">Bed–Stuy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bensonhurst,_Brooklyn" title="Bensonhurst, Brooklyn">Bensonhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borough_Park,_Brooklyn" title="Borough Park, Brooklyn">Borough Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_Beach" title="Brighton Beach">Brighton Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_the_United_States#New_York" title="Chinatowns in the United States">Chinatowns</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_Brooklyn" title="Chinatowns in Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatowns_in_Queens" title="Chinatowns in Queens">Queens</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manhattan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Heights,_Brooklyn" title="Crown Heights, Brooklyn">Crown Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Hill,_Manhattan" title="Rose Hill, Manhattan">Curry Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyker_Heights,_Brooklyn" title="Dyker Heights, Brooklyn">Dyker Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmhurst,_Queens" title="Elmhurst, Queens">Elmhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flatbush,_Brooklyn" class="mw-redirect" title="Flatbush, Brooklyn">Flatbush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlem" title="Harlem">Harlem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hell%27s_Kitchen,_Manhattan" title="Hell's Kitchen, Manhattan">Hell's Kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Beach,_Queens" title="Howard Beach, Queens">Howard Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Harlem" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Harlem">Italian Harlem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Heights,_Queens" title="Jackson Heights, Queens">Jackson Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica,_Queens" title="Jamaica, Queens">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreatown" title="Koreatown">Koreatowns</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koreatown,_Manhattan" title="Koreatown, Manhattan">Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreatown,_Queens" title="Koreatown, Queens">Queens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Petit_Senegal" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Petit Senegal">Le Petit Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Australia" title="Little Australia">Little Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Brazil,_Manhattan" title="Little Brazil, Manhattan">Little Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astoria,_Queens#Ethnic_heritage" title="Astoria, Queens">Little Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Fuzhou" title="Little Fuzhou">Little Fuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Germany,_Manhattan" title="Little Germany, Manhattan">Little Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Italy,_Manhattan" title="Little Italy, Manhattan">Little Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipinos_in_the_New_York_metropolitan_area" title="Filipinos in the New York metropolitan area">Little Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpoint,_Brooklyn#Demographics" title="Greenpoint, Brooklyn">Little Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowery#Little_Saigon" title="Bowery">Little Saigon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Spain,_Manhattan" title="Little Spain, Manhattan">Little Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Syria,_Manhattan" title="Little Syria, Manhattan">Little Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_City,_Manhattan#Loisaida" title="Alphabet City, Manhattan">Loisaida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_Park,_Bronx" title="Morris Park, Bronx">Morris Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozone_Park,_Queens" title="Ozone Park, Queens">Ozone Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Harlem" title="East Harlem">Spanish Harlem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Park,_Brooklyn" title="Sunset Park, Brooklyn">Sunset Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Heights,_Manhattan" title="Washington Heights, Manhattan">Washington Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williamsburg,_Brooklyn" title="Williamsburg, Brooklyn">Williamsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorkville,_Manhattan" title="Yorkville, Manhattan">Yorkville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Burial_Ground_National_Monument" title="African Burial Ground National Monument">African Burial Ground National Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Citizens%27_Benevolent_Society" title="Bohemian Citizens' Benevolent Society">Bohemian Citizens' Benevolent Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Museo_del_Barrio" title="El Museo del Barrio">El Museo del Barrio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_Society_of_America" title="Hispanic Society of America">Hispanic Society of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-American_Arts_Council" title="Indo-American Arts Council">Indo-American Arts Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Repertory_Theatre" title="Irish Repertory Theatre">Irish Repertory Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Asian_Film_Festival" title="New York Asian Film Festival">New York Asian Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Filipino_Film_Festival" title="New York Filipino Film Festival">New York Filipino Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_Week_in_New_York" title="Wales Week in New York">Wales Week in New York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cultural events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Day" title="Brazilian Day">Brazilian Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Day_Parade" title="Dominican Day Parade">Dominican Day Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_San_Gennaro" title="Feast of San Gennaro">Feast of San Gennaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German-American_Steuben_Parade" class="mw-redirect" title="German-American Steuben Parade">German-American Steuben Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Day_Parade" title="Korean Day Parade">Korean Day Parade</a></li> <li>NY Persian Parade</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Independence_Day_Parade" title="Philippine Independence Day Parade">Philippine Independence Day Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Day_Parade" title="Puerto Rican Day Parade">Puerto Rican Day Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulaski_Day_Parade" title="Pulaski Day Parade">Pulaski Day Parade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Slave_Revolt_of_1712" title="New York Slave Revolt of 1712">New York Slave Revolt of 1712</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Conspiracy_of_1741" title="New York Conspiracy of 1741">New York Conspiracy of 1741</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_New_York_City_teachers%27_strike" title="1968 New York City teachers' strike">1968 New York City teachers' strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Heights_riot" title="Crown Heights riot">Crown Heights riots of 1991</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harlem_Renaissance" title="Harlem Renaissance">Harlem Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuyorican_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuyorican Movement">Nuyorican Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asahi_Shimbun" class="mw-redirect" title="Asahi Shimbun">Asahi Shimbun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Daily" title="China Daily">China Daily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Diario_La_Prensa" title="El Diario La Prensa">El Diario La Prensa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Forward" title="The Forward">The Forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freie_Arbeiter_Stimme" class="mw-redirect" title="Freie Arbeiter Stimme">Freie Arbeiter Stimme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il_Progresso_Italo-Americano" title="Il Progresso Italo-Americano">Il Progresso Italo-Americano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_Abroad" title="India Abroad">India Abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Voice" title="Irish Voice">Irish Voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_India_(magazine)" title="Little India (magazine)">Little India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Korea Times">Korea Times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Yorker_Staats-Zeitung" title="New Yorker Staats-Zeitung">New Yorker Staats-Zeitung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowy_Dziennik" title="Nowy Dziennik">Nowy Dziennik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletar" title="Proletar">Proletar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sing_Tao_Daily" title="Sing Tao Daily">Sing Tao Daily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Star_(Bangladesh)" title="The Daily Star (Bangladesh)">The Daily Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoch_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Epoch Times">Epoch Times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Irish_Echo" title="The Irish Echo">The Irish Echo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Journal" title="World Journal">World Journal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_New_York_City" title="Illegal immigration to New York City">Undocumented immigrants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="U.S._National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" title="Template:National Register of Historic Places in New York"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" title="Template talk:National Register of Historic Places in New York"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Register of Historic Places in New York"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="U.S._National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">U.S. National Register of Historic Places</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contributing_property" title="Contributing property">Contributing property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keeper_of_the_Register" title="Keeper of the Register">Keeper of the Register</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_districts_in_the_United_States" title="Historic districts in the United States">Historic district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="History of the National Register of Historic Places">History of the National Register of Historic Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_property_types" title="National Register of Historic Places property types">Property types</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/50px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/75px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/100px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_USA_NY.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Map_of_USA_NY.svg/100px-Map_of_USA_NY.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Map_of_USA_NY.svg/151px-Map_of_USA_NY.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Map_of_USA_NY.svg/200px-Map_of_USA_NY.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="186" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Lists by county</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Albany_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Albany County, New York">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Allegany_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Allegany County, New York">Allegany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_the_Bronx" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in the Bronx">Bronx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Broome_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Broome County, New York">Broome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cattaraugus_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cattaraugus County, New York">Cattaraugus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cayuga_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cayuga County, New York">Cayuga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Chautauqua_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Chautauqua County, New York">Chautauqua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Chemung_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Chemung County, New York">Chemung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Chenango_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Chenango County, New York">Chenango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Clinton_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Clinton County, New York">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Columbia_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Columbia County, New York">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cortland_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cortland County, New York">Cortland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Delaware_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Delaware County, New York">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Dutchess_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Dutchess County, New York">Dutchess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Erie_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Erie County, New York">Erie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Essex_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Essex County, New York">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Franklin_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Franklin County, New York">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Fulton_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Fulton County, New York">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Genesee_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Genesee County, New York">Genesee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Greene_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Greene County, New York">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Hamilton_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Hamilton County, New York">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Herkimer_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Herkimer County, New York">Herkimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Jefferson_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Jefferson County, New York">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Brooklyn" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Brooklyn">Kings (Brooklyn)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Lewis_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Lewis County, New York">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Livingston_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Livingston County, New York">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Madison_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Madison County, New York">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Monroe_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Monroe County, New York">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Montgomery_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Montgomery County, New York">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Nassau_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Nassau County, New York">Nassau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan">New York (Manhattan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Niagara_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Niagara County, New York">Niagara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Oneida_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Oneida County, New York">Oneida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Onondaga_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Onondaga County, New York">Onondaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ontario_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Ontario County, New York">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Orange_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Orange County, New York">Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Orleans_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Orleans County, New York">Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Oswego_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Oswego County, New York">Oswego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Otsego_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Otsego County, New York">Otsego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Putnam_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Putnam County, New York">Putnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Queens,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Queens, New York">Queens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rensselaer_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Rensselaer County, New York">Rensselaer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Staten_Island" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Staten Island">Richmond (Staten Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rockland_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Rockland County, New York">Rockland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Saratoga_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Saratoga County, New York">Saratoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Schenectady_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Schenectady County, New York">Schenectady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Schoharie_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Schoharie County, New York">Schoharie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Schuyler_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Schuyler County, New York">Schuyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Seneca_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Seneca County, New York">Seneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_St._Lawrence_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Lawrence County, New York">St. Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Steuben_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Steuben County, New York">Steuben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Suffolk_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Suffolk County, New York">Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Sullivan_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Sullivan County, New York">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Tioga_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Tioga County, New York">Tioga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Tompkins_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Tompkins County, New York">Tompkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ulster_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Ulster County, New York">Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Warren_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Warren County, New York">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Washington_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, New York">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Wayne_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Wayne County, New York">Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Westchester_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Westchester County, New York">Westchester</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_northern_Westchester_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Westchester County, New York">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_southern_Westchester_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in southern Westchester County, New York">Southern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Wyoming_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Wyoming County, New York">Wyoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Yates_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Yates County, New York">Yates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Lists by city</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Albany,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Albany, New York">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Buffalo,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Buffalo, New York">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_New_Rochelle,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in New Rochelle, New York">New Rochelle</a></li> <li>New York City <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_the_Bronx" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in the Bronx">Bronx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Brooklyn" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Queens,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Queens, New York">Queens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Staten_Island" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Staten Island">Staten Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan">Manhattan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_below_14th_Street" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan below 14th Street">Below 14th St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_from_14th_to_59th_Streets" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets">14th–59th St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_from_59th_to_110th_Streets" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan from 59th to 110th Streets">59th–110th St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_above_110th_Street" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan above 110th Street">Above 110th St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_on_islands" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan on islands">Minor islands</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Niagara_Falls,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Niagara Falls, New York">Niagara Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Peekskill,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Peekskill, New York">Peekskill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Poughkeepsie,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Poughkeepsie, New York"> Poughkeepsie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rhinebeck,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Rhinebeck, New York">Rhinebeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rochester,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Rochester, New York">Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Syracuse,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Syracuse, New York">Syracuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Yonkers,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Yonkers, New York">Yonkers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Other lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_and_tunnels_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" title="List of bridges and tunnels on the National Register of Historic Places in New York">Bridges and tunnels</a></li> <li>National Historic Landmarks <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_New_York_City" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in New York City">New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_New_York" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in New York">Outside New York City</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black; font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York_(state)" title="Category:National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in New York">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="Portal:National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866332#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866332#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866332#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/124506820">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4117858-0">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n97020484">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007542503305171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td 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