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class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>「稱義」與「成聖」</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-「稱義」與「成聖」-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-基督宗教各宗派看法的比較" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#基督宗教各宗派看法的比較"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>基督宗教各宗派看法的比較</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-基督宗教各宗派看法的比較-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-圣经引用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#圣经引用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>圣经引用</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-圣经引用-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关圣经引用子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-圣经引用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-旧约圣经" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#旧约圣经"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>旧约圣经</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-旧约圣经-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-新约圣经" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#新约圣经"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>新约圣经</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-新约圣经-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-犹太教的观点" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#犹太教的观点"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>犹太教的观点</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-犹太教的观点-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-伊斯兰教的观点" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#伊斯兰教的观点"> <div 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href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE_(%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC)" title="ন্যায্যতা (ধর্মতত্ত্ব) – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ন্যায্যতা (ধর্মতত্ত্ব)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justificaci%C3%B3_(teologia)" title="Justificació (teologia) – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Justificació (teologia)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rechtfertigung_(Theologie)" title="Rechtfertigung (Theologie) – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rechtfertigung (Theologie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin_Lutheran_Seminary" title="Wisconsin Lutheran Seminary – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Wisconsin Lutheran Seminary" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pravigo_(teologio)" title="Pravigo (teologio) – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pravigo (teologio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctrina_de_la_justificaci%C3%B3n" title="Doctrina de la justificación – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Doctrina de la justificación" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanhurskauttaminen" title="Vanhurskauttaminen – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vanhurskauttaminen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justification_(th%C3%A9ologie)" title="Justification (théologie) – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Justification (théologie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opravdanje_(religija)" title="Opravdanje (religija) – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Opravdanje (religija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megigazul%C3%A1s" title="Megigazulás – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Megigazulás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justification_(theologia)" title="Justification (theologia) – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Justification (theologia)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembenaran_(teologi)" title="Pembenaran (teologi) – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pembenaran (teologi)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9ttl%C3%A6ting_(gu%C3%B0fr%C3%A6%C3%B0i)" title="Réttlæting (guðfræði) – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Réttlæting (guðfræði)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giustificazione_(teologia)" title="Giustificazione (teologia) – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Giustificazione (teologia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E8%AA%8D" title="義認 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="義認" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%AD%EC%9D%98" title="칭의 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="칭의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembenaran_(teologi)" title="Pembenaran (teologi) – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pembenaran (teologi)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usprawiedliwienie" title="Usprawiedliwienie – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Usprawiedliwienie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_(teologia)" title="Justificação (teologia) – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Justificação (teologia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giustificaziun_(teologia)" title="Giustificaziun (teologia) – 罗曼什语" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Giustificaziun (teologia)" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="罗曼什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_(%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)" title="Оправдание (христианство) – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Оправдание (христианство)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justification_(theology)" title="Justification (theology) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Justification (theology)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><p><b>称义</b>（英語：<span lang="en"><b>Justification</b></span>）是指在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="犹太教">犹太教</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="神学">神学</a>理论中，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%9D" title="上帝">上帝</a>使一个有罪的人具有“公义”、“無罪”（<span lang="en">righteous</span>）的身份。“称义”的概念出自于基督教的《<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%BA%A6%E5%9C%A3%E7%BB%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="新约圣经">新约圣经</a>》、犹太教的《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E7%BA%B3%E8%B5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="塔纳赫">塔纳赫</a>》和伊斯兰教的《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B0%E7%BB%8F" title="古兰经">古兰经</a>》。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="基督教各宗派"><span id=".E5.9F.BA.E7.9D.A3.E6.95.99.E5.90.84.E5.AE.97.E6.B4.BE"></span>基督教各宗派</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%B0%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：基督教各宗派"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>长久以来，称义的程度、方式和范围存在着一些争议。广泛地说，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="天主教">天主教</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%AD%A3%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="东正教">东正教</a>的理论和最初的称义有所不同——最初的称义认为称义发生于<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%97%E7%A4%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="洗礼">洗礼</a>，而后来的称义则贯穿了信徒整个人生对于上帝的追求。另外，<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99" title="新教">新教</a>关于称义的看法又有较大的差别，他们认为称义可以有两种含义。一种含义指称义的地位，另一含义指称义的行为。称义的地位指上帝由于<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A8%A3#钉死" title="耶稣">耶稣受难</a>、为人类赎罪，三天之后复活，则是将复活的生命给与信他的人。另一种含义指耶稣藉着复活将复活的生命赐给人，让人靠着神的生命活出“公义”的行为；人们因为信仰而称义（即“<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A0%E4%BF%A1%E7%A8%B1%E7%BE%A9" title="因信稱義">因信称义</a>”），并且所有有信仰的人，都能称义（即“唯独信仰”）。在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E4%B9%89%E5%AE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="信义宗">信义宗</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="加尔文主义">加尔文主义</a>中，称义被看做是上帝的礼物，他们引用了《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%BC%97%E6%89%80%E6%9B%B8" title="以弗所書">以弗所书</a>》<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>来支持其信仰。 </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="宗教改革">宗教改革</a>中，关于称义的看法分歧，导致了<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99" title="新教">新教</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="天主教">天主教</a>的分裂。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>基督教传统关于称义性质、功能、意义等相关问题的回答在不同教派之间有较大的区别。这些问题包括： </p> <ul><li>称义是一个瞬间的事件还是一个持续的过程？</li> <li>称义是只是<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%81%A9%E7%8B%AC%E4%BD%9C%E8%AE%BA" title="神恩独作论">神恩独作论</a>还是神恩和人类行为的<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%88%E5%8A%9B%E8%AE%BA" title="合力论">合力论</a>？</li> <li>称义是永恒的还是有可能丢失？</li> <li>称义与<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E5%9C%A3" title="成圣">成圣</a>（被奉为圣）的关系是什么？</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="稱義之意"><span id=".E7.A8.B1.E7.BE.A9.E4.B9.8B.E6.84.8F"></span>稱義之意</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%B0%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：稱義之意"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>「稱義」是指上帝因<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A9%8C%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="耶穌基督">耶穌基督</a>成為了世人的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E7%BD%AA%E7%BE%94%E7%BE%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="代罪羔羊">代罪羔羊</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=jn1:29&version=CUVMPT">約翰福音1:29</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160308023546/https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=jn1:29&version=CUVMPT">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>））而作出「無罪」判決，赦免了人類的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%AA" class="mw-disambig" title="罪">罪</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=rm5:18&version=CUVMPT">羅馬書5:18</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20151117030638/https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=rm5:18&version=CUVMPT">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>））。這一種「義」，不是來自罪人本身（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=php3:9&version=CUVMPT">腓立比書3:9上</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160308105028/https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=php3:9&version=CUVMPT">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）），而是人在上帝面前身份上的改變（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=rm8:33&version=CUVMPT">羅馬書8:33</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160308105758/https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=rm8:33&version=CUVMPT">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>））。上帝已藉<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A9%8C%E5%8F%97%E9%9B%A3" title="耶穌受難">耶穌基督的犧牲</a>赦免了普天下人的罪（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1jn2:2&version=CUVMPT">約翰一書2:2</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160308105135/https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1jn2:2&version=CUVMPT">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）；<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=rm3:23-26&version=CUVMPT">羅馬書3:23-26</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160308105015/https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=rm3:23-26&version=CUVMPT">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）），所以人被「稱義」，是上帝「完全」的作為和「已完成」的事實。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote class="quote-frame pullquote" style="font-size: 95%; padding: 0.5em 2em; background-color: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); color: inherit; display:table; float:none;"><div style="padding: 0.6em 1em;">我們相信上帝已把所有罪人稱為義；意思是說，祂已宣告所有罪人因着基督的緣故得稱為義。這是<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93" title="聖經">聖經</a>的核心信息，<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="教會">教會</a>的存在也是建基於此。這個信息跟所有不同<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-disambig" title="時代">時代</a>、不同地方、不同<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%AE%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="種族">種族</a>及不同<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E9%9A%8E%E5%B1%A4" title="社會階層">社會階層</a>的人同樣適切，因為「因一人的過犯，眾人都被定罪」（羅馬書5:18）。所有人都需要上帝赦罪，而聖經就在這事上宣佈所有人都已被稱義，因為「因一次的義行，眾人也就被稱義得生命了」（羅馬書5:18）...我們相信每個人藉着<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E5%BF%B5_(%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99)" class="mw-redirect" title="信念 (基督教)">信</a>領受這份禮物（以弗所書2:8,9），而非藉着他們的行為。使我們稱義的信心就是信賴基督及祂救贖之工。這使人稱義的信並不是因為它本身有任何能力，而是因為它緊守上帝在基督裏預備的救贖（羅馬書3:28;4:5）。另一方面，雖然基督為所有人死，聖經說：「不信的，必被定罪」（馬可福音16:16），不信的人將失去基督為他們贏取的赦罪（約翰福音8:24）。<br /><cite style="display: block; text-align: right;"> — 《我們所信》（This We Believe）頁9<sup id="cite_ref-TWB_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TWB-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="「稱義」與「成聖」"><span id=".E3.80.8C.E7.A8.B1.E7.BE.A9.E3.80.8D.E8.88.87.E3.80.8C.E6.88.90.E8.81.96.E3.80.8D"></span>「稱義」與「成聖」</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%B0%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：「稱義」與「成聖」"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>「稱義」與「<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E5%9C%A3" title="成圣">成聖</a>」密不可分，但同時亦教導人們應清楚分辨兩者：<sup id="cite_ref-JBrug_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JBrug-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FIC2006_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FIC2006-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>（一）「稱義」是上帝本乎<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E5%85%B8" title="恩典">恩典</a>、藉耶穌基督的功勞，為<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%A1%9E" title="人類">人類</a>（for us）所完成的作為；「成聖」則是祂每天持續在人裡面（in us）提醒、感動和改變，讓<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E5%BE%92" title="基督徒">信徒</a>能夠抵抗<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%94%E9%AC%BC" title="魔鬼">魔鬼</a>和人本身罪性的引誘、試探。</li> <li>（二）「稱義」是神藉耶穌基督的犧牲，一個「已完成」（finished and accomplished）的動作；而「成聖」則是一個「持續性」、「未完成」（ongoing and incomplete）的過程。</li> <li>（三）上帝的「稱義」是人<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%97%E6%95%91" title="得救">得救</a>的原因（cause of salvation）；而「成聖」是人得救後所結的果子（fruit of salvation），是人與基督連結後的一種自然流露。</li> <li>（四）「稱義」是神在基督裡的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%81%A9%E7%8B%AC%E4%BD%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="神恩独作">獨有作為</a>，不在乎<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%88%E5%8A%9B%E8%AE%BA" title="合力论">人神同工</a>；「成聖」則是<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E9%9D%88" title="聖靈">聖靈</a>在信徒心裡作工的結果，叫人生活上有基督的樣式。</li> <li>（五）「稱義」叫人在神面前獲得一個新的身份（new status before God）；「成聖」則給予人與神同在的新生活（new life with God）。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="基督宗教各宗派看法的比較"><span id=".E5.9F.BA.E7.9D.A3.E5.AE.97.E6.95.99.E5.90.84.E5.AE.97.E6.B4.BE.E7.9C.8B.E6.B3.95.E7.9A.84.E6.AF.94.E8.BC.83"></span>基督宗教各宗派看法的比較</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%B0%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：基督宗教各宗派看法的比較"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background-color: #99FF99"> <td><b>教派</b> </td> <td><b>持续过程还是瞬间事件</b> </td> <td><b>行为性质</b> </td> <td><b>永久性</b> </td> <td><b>称义和成圣的关系</b> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #EDEDED"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="天主教">天主教</a>（罗马公教会）</b> </td> <td>持续过程 </td> <td>合力论 </td> <td>如果犯“大罪”（英語：<span lang="en">Mortal sin</span>）则会失去 </td> <td>同一过程的一部分 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E4%B9%89%E5%AE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="信义宗">信义宗</a>（路德宗）</b> </td> <td>瞬间事件，也強調持续过程 </td> <td>神恩独作论 </td> <td>如果失去信仰则会失去<sup id="cite_ref-TWB_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TWB-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>成圣為稱義的「果子」<sup id="cite_ref-FIC2006_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FIC2006-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JBrug_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JBrug-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #EDEDED"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AA%E9%81%93%E5%AE%97" title="循道宗">循道宗</a>（卫斯理宗）</b> </td> <td>瞬间事件，也強調持续过程 </td> <td>合力论 </td> <td>如果失去信仰则会失去 </td> <td>依赖于持续的成圣 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #EDEDED"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%AD%A3%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="东正教">东正教</a></b> </td> <td>持续过程 </td> <td>合力论 </td> <td>如果犯“大罪”则会失去 </td> <td>同一过程的一部分 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="加尔文主义">加尔文主义</a></b> </td> <td>瞬间事件 </td> <td>神恩独作论 </td> <td>不会失去 </td> <td>两者都是预定的、与基督联盟的结果 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="圣经引用"><span id=".E5.9C.A3.E7.BB.8F.E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8"></span>圣经引用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%B0%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：圣经引用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="旧约圣经"><span id=".E6.97.A7.E7.BA.A6.E5.9C.A3.E7.BB.8F"></span>旧约圣经</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%B0%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：旧约圣经"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>有许多旧约圣经篇目中使用了“义”（<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E4%BC%AF%E4%BE%86%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="希伯來語">希伯來語</a>：<span lang="he" dir="rtl">צדיק</span>‎）、“称义”（<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E4%BC%AF%E4%BE%86%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="希伯來語">希伯來語</a>：<span lang="he" dir="rtl">הצדיק</span>‎）这些术语，例如以下篇目： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9B%E4%B8%96%E8%AE%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="创世记">创世记</a>15:6<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“亞伯蘭信耶和華、耶和華就以此為他的<b>義</b>。”</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B3%E5%91%BD%E8%AE%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="申命记">申命记</a>6:25<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“我們若照耶和華我們　神所吩咐的一切誡命、謹守遵行、這就是我們的<b>義</b>了。”</li> <li>申命记25:1<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“人若有爭訟、來聽審判、審判官就要定<b>義</b>人有理、定惡人有罪。”</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%97%E7%AF%87" class="mw-redirect" title="诗篇">诗篇</a>143:2<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“求你不要審問僕人．因為在你面前凡活着的人、沒有一個是<b>義</b>的。”</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%B4%E8%A8%80" title="箴言">箴言</a>17:15<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“定惡人為<b>義</b>的、定<b>義</b>人為惡的、這都為耶和華所憎惡。”</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%B5%9B%E4%BA%9A%E4%B9%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="以赛亚书">以赛亚书</a>53:11<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“他必看見自己勞苦的功效、便心滿意足．有許多人、因認識我的<b>義</b>僕得稱為義．並且他要擔當他們的罪孽。”</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%86%E4%BB%A5%E7%90%86%E4%B9%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="但以理书">但以理书</a>12:3<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“智慧人必發光、如同天上的光．那使多人歸<b>義</b>的、必發光如星、直到永永遠遠。”</li></ul> <p>正如以上篇目中显示的一样，以希伯来语<span lang="he" dir="rtl" title="希伯來語文本">צדק</span>‎作为词根的词语有许多意思。然而，安东尼·霍克玛（<span lang="en">Anthony Hoekema </span>）解释道，除了但以理书12:3，动词“称义”“几乎总是”被用辩论或者律法的情境，用于宣称一个人与律法一致，而不是使之成为正义。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="新约圣经"><span id=".E6.96.B0.E7.BA.A6.E5.9C.A3.E7.BB.8F"></span>新约圣经</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%B0%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：新约圣经"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%A4%AA%E7%A6%8F%E9%9F%B3" title="馬太福音">馬太福音</a>12:34-37<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“你們既是惡人，怎能說出好話來呢？因為心裡所充滿的，口裡就說出來。善人從他心裡所存的善就發出善來，惡人從他心裡所存的惡就發出惡來。我又告訴你們，凡人所說的閒話，當審判的日子必要句句供出來。因為要<b>憑你的話定你為義</b>，也要憑你的話定你有罪。”</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E4%B9%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="罗马书">罗马书</a>1:17<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“因為神的<b>義</b>、正在這福音上顯明出來．這<b>義</b>是本於信、以致於信．如經上所記、‘<b>義</b>人必因信得生。’”</li> <li>罗马书2:5<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“你竟任着你剛硬不悔改的心、為自己積蓄忿怒、以致　神震怒、顯他<b>公義</b>審判的日子來到。”</li> <li>罗马书2:13<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“原來在神面前、不是聽律法的為<b>義</b>、乃是行律法的<b>稱義</b>．”</li> <li>罗马书3:4<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“斷乎不能．不如說、　神是真實的、人都是虛謊的．如經上所記、‘你責備人的時候、顯為<b>公義</b>．被人議論的時候、可以得勝。’”</li> <li>罗马书3:20-30<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“所以凡有血氣的沒有一個、因行律法、能在　神面前<b>稱義</b>．因為律法本是叫人知罪。但如今　神的<b>義</b>在律法以外已經顯明出來、有律法和先知為證．就是　神的<b>義</b>、因信耶穌基督、加給一切相信的人、並沒有分別．因為世人都犯了罪、虧缺了　神的榮耀。如今卻蒙　神的恩典、因基督耶穌的救贖、就白白的<b>稱義</b>。神設立耶穌作挽回祭、是憑着耶穌的血、藉着人的信、要顯明　神的<b>義</b>．因為他用忍耐的心、寬容人先時所犯的罪．好在今時顯明他的<b>義</b>、使人知道他自己為<b>義</b>、也<b>稱</b>信耶穌的人為<b>義</b>。既是這樣、那裏能誇口呢．沒有可誇的了。用何法沒有的呢、是用立功之法麼．不是、乃用信主之法。所以〔有古卷作因為〕我們看定了、人<b>稱義</b>是因着信、不在乎遵行律法。難道　神只作猶太人的　神麼．不也是作外邦人的　神麼．是的、也作外邦人的神。神既是一位、他就要因信<b>稱</b>那受割禮的為<b>義</b>、也要因信<b>稱</b>那未受割禮的為<b>義</b>。”</li> <li>罗马书4:2-6<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“倘若亞伯拉罕是因行為<b>稱義</b>、就有可誇的．只是在神面前並無可誇。經上說甚麼呢．說、‘亞伯拉罕信　神、這就算為他的<b>義</b>。’作工的得工價、不算恩典、乃是該得的、惟有不作工的、只信<b>稱</b>罪人為<b>義</b>的神、他的信就算為<b>義</b>。正如大衛稱那在行為以外、蒙神算為<b>義</b>的人是有福的。”</li> <li>罗马书4:13<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“因為神應許亞伯拉罕和他後裔、必得承受世界、不是因律法、乃是因信而得的<b>義</b>。”</li> <li>罗马书4:25<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“耶穌被交給人、是為我們的過犯、復活、是為叫我們<b>稱義</b>。〔或作耶穌是為我們的過犯交付了是為我們<b>稱義</b>復活了〕”</li> <li>罗马书5:1<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“我們既因信<b>稱義</b>、就藉着我們的主耶穌基督、得與神相和。”</li> <li>罗马书5:9<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“現在我們既靠着他的血<b>稱義</b>、就更要藉着他免去神的忿怒。”</li> <li>罗马书5:16<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“因一人犯罪就定罪、也不如恩賜．原來審判是由一人而定罪、恩賜乃是由許多過犯而<b>稱義</b>。”</li> <li>罗马书8:30<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“預先所定下的人又召他們來．所召來的人、又<b>稱</b>他們為<b>義</b>．所<b>稱</b>為<b>義</b>的人、又叫他們得榮耀。”</li> <li>罗马书8:33<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“誰能控告神所揀選的人呢．有神<b>稱</b>他們為<b>義</b>了。〔或作是<b>稱</b>他們為<b>義</b>的神麼〕”</li> <li>罗马书9:31<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“但以色列人追求律法的<b>義</b>、反得不着律法的<b>義</b>。”</li> <li>罗马书10:10<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“因為人心裏相信、就可以<b>稱義</b>．口裏承認、就可以得救。”</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%90%84%E4%B9%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="雅各书">雅各书</a>2:21-24<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：“我的弟兄們，若有人說自己有信心，卻沒有行為，有什麼益處呢？這信心能救他嗎？若是弟兄或是姐妹赤身露體，又缺了日用的飲食，你們中間有人對他們說「平平安安地去吧，願你們穿得暖、吃得飽」，卻不給他們身體所需用的，這有什麼益處呢？這樣，信心若沒有行為就是死的。必有人說：「你有信心，我有行為。」你將你沒有行為的信心指給我看，我便藉著我的行為，將我的信心指給你看。你信神只有一位，你信的不錯！鬼魔也信，卻是戰驚。虛浮的人哪，你願意知道沒有行為的信心是死的嗎？我們的祖宗亞伯拉罕把他兒子以撒獻在壇上，豈不是因行為<b>稱義</b>嗎？可見信心是與他的行為並行，而且信心因著行為才得成全。這就<b>應驗經上所說「亞伯拉罕信神，這就算為他的義</b>」，他又得稱為神的朋友。<b>這樣看來，人稱義</b>是因著行為，不是單因著信。”</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="犹太教的观点"><span id=".E7.8A.B9.E5.A4.AA.E6.95.99.E7.9A.84.E8.A7.82.E7.82.B9"></span>犹太教的观点</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%B0%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：犹太教的观点"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>犹太教强调<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%8B%E6%B3%95" title="摩西律法">摩西律法</a>的重要性，因此他们对于救赎的观点是“因行称义”、“因律法称义”。<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="伊斯兰教的观点"><span id=".E4.BC.8A.E6.96.AF.E5.85.B0.E6.95.99.E7.9A.84.E8.A7.82.E7.82.B9"></span>伊斯兰教的观点</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%B0%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：伊斯兰教的观点"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>伊斯兰教强调对<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯兰教法">伊斯兰教法</a>和“<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%8A%9F" title="五功">五功</a>”<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>的遵从。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%B0%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%BC%97%E6%89%80%E6%9B%B8" title="以弗所書">以弗所書</a>》第2章第8节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E4%BB%A5%E5%BC%97%E6%89%80%E6%9B%B8#第二章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/以弗所書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Kurt Aland. <span></span><i>A History of Christianity</i>, vol. 2, trans. James Schaaf. Philadelphia: Fortress Press. 1986: p. 13–14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A7%B0%E4%B9%89&rft.au=Kurt+Aland&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Christianity%2C+vol.+2%2C+trans.+James+Schaaf&rft.date=1986&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=p.+13-14&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=Fortress+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> 引文格式1维护：冗余文本 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%EF%BC%9A%E5%86%97%E4%BD%99%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC" title="Category:引文格式1维护：冗余文本">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20080102112002/https://www.wels.net/cgi-bin/site.pl?1518&cuTopic_topicID=45&cuItem_itemID=12095">WELS Topical Q&A: Sanctification and Justification</a>, by Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod, "Justification is God's act of declaring sinners not guilty or forgiven. God declares us not guilty because he declared Jesus guilty in our place. Justification takes place outside of us and involves a change in our status before God. Although we were guilty of sin, God has declared us not guilty. He has forgiven all our sins. Therefore our justification before God is full and complete."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keller, Brian R., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wlsessays.net/files/JUSTIFICATION.2013.Keller%20final%20PDF.pdf">Believe it or not: You are forgiven through Christ!</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2018年4月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup>, , "Once again, reconciliation is a past, objective fact（Gk: Aorist passive participle）. It happened. It's finished. It's done. It's true..."Justified" describes a legal relationship to God of being declared, "not guilty." "Reconciled" describes a complete change in status before God. We were God's enemies at the time, as verse 10 reveals, but we are not God's enemies any longer. We were reconciled by the "death of his Son." Jesus's atoning death removed the barrier of sin that separated sinners from holy God."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《馬丁路德大問答》第二部分第三段38節：「救人聖工<i>已完成</i>，基督用祂的苦難、死亡、復活等，賺得了這珍寶。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TWB-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TWB_6-0"><sup><b>6.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TWB_6-1"><sup><b>6.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">《我們所信》（This We Believe），頁9，亞洲路德宗神學院翻譯事務社</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JBrug-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JBrug_7-0"><sup><b>7.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JBrug_7-1"><sup><b>7.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brug, John F，（1993）<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wlsessays.net/files/BrugLutheran.pdf">The Lutheran Doctrine of Sanctification And Its Rivals</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319094434/http://www.wlsessays.net/files/BrugLutheran.pdf">存檔</a>，存档日期2015-03-19., </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FIC2006-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FIC2006_8-0"><sup><b>8.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FIC2006_8-1"><sup><b>8.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Buchholz, Jon D.（2006）, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wels.prometdev.com/news-events/forward-in-christ/june-2006/sanctification-heat-and-glow-fire?page=0,1">Sanctification: Heat and Glow from the Fire</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151002045042/http://wels.prometdev.com/news-events/forward-in-christ/june-2006/sanctification-heat-and-glow-fire?page=0,1">存檔</a>，存档日期2015-10-02., <i>Forward in Christ</i>, Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20080102112002/https://www.wels.net/cgi-bin/site.pl?1518&cuTopic_topicID=45&cuItem_itemID=12095">WELS Topical Q&A: Sanctification and Justification</a>, by Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod, <i>When the Holy Spirit creates faith in us, he renews in us the image of God so that through his power we produce good works. These good works are not meritorious but show the faith in our hearts（Ephesians 2:8-10, James 2:18）. Sanctification flows from justification.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%B5%E4%B8%96%E8%A8%98" title="創世記">創世記</a>》第15章第6节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E5%89%B5%E4%B8%96%E8%A8%98#第十五章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/創世記">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B3%E5%91%BD%E8%A8%98" title="申命記">申命記</a>》第6章第25节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%94%B3%E5%91%BD%E8%A8%98#第六章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/申命記">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B3%E5%91%BD%E8%A8%98" title="申命記">申命記</a>》第25章第1节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%94%B3%E5%91%BD%E8%A8%98#第二十五章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/申命記">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%A9%E7%AF%87" title="詩篇">詩篇</a>》第143篇至第2篇<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E8%A9%A9%E7%AF%87#第一百四十三篇" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/詩篇">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%B4%E8%A8%80" title="箴言">箴言</a>》第17章第15节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%AE%B4%E8%A8%80#第十七章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/箴言">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%B3%BD%E4%BA%9E%E6%9B%B8" title="以賽亞書">以賽亞書</a>》第53章第11节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E4%BB%A5%E8%B3%BD%E4%BA%9E%E6%9B%B8#第五十三章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/以賽亞書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%86%E4%BB%A5%E7%90%86%E6%9B%B8" title="但以理書">但以理書</a>》第12章第3节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E4%BD%86%E4%BB%A5%E7%90%86%E6%9B%B8#第十二章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/但以理書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%A4%AA%E7%A6%8F%E9%9F%B3" title="馬太福音">馬太福音</a>》第12章第34节至第37节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E9%A6%AC%E5%A4%AA%E7%A6%8F%E9%9F%B3#第十二章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/馬太福音">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第1章第17节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第一章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第2章第5节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第二章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第2章第13节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第二章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第3章第4节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第三章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第3章第20节至第30节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第三章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第4章第2节至第6节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第四章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第4章第13节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第四章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第4章第25节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第四章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第5章第1节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第五章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第5章第9节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第五章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第5章第16节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第五章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第8章第30节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第八章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第8章第33节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第八章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第9章第31节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第九章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8" title="羅馬書">羅馬書</a>》第10章第10节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%9B%B8#第十章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/羅馬書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%90%84%E6%9B%B8" title="雅各書">雅各書</a>》第2章第14节至第24节<sub><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93_(%E5%92%8C%E5%90%88%E6%9C%AC)/%E9%9B%85%E5%90%84%E6%9B%B8#第二章" class="extiw" title="s:聖經 (和合本)/雅各書">参</a></sub></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">傅有德. 《论犹太教与基督教的信与行》. <a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="山东大学">山东大学</a>犹太教与跨宗教研究中心，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%8D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="济南">济南</a>: 《文史哲》2005年03期.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A7%B0%E4%B9%89&rft.au=%E5%82%85%E6%9C%89%E5%BE%B7&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E8%AE%BA%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E4%BF%A1%E4%B8%8E%E8%A1%8C%E3%80%8B&rft.genre=book&rft.place=%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E8%B7%A8%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%EF%BC%8C%E6%B5%8E%E5%8D%97&rft.pub=%E3%80%8A%E6%96%87%E5%8F%B2%E5%93%B2%E3%80%8B2005%E5%B9%B403%E6%9C%9F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><span></span><i>Perspectives on Mankind's Search for Meaning</i><span></span>. : 第54頁.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A7%B0%E4%B9%89&rft.btitle=Perspectives+on+Mankind%27s+Search+for+Meaning&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=%E7%AC%AC54%E9%A0%81&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output 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title="神學">神學</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="神的概念" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5" title="神的概念">神的概念</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E7%A5%9E%E8%AE%BA" title="有神论">有神论</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">形式</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%A5%9E%E8%AE%BA" title="自然神论">自然神论</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%83%A1%E7%A5%9E%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="惡神論（页面不存在）">惡神論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%BB%E7%A5%9E%E8%AE%BA" title="单一主神论">單一主神論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%AF%86%E5%A3%AB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="赫密士主義">赫密士主義</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BC%AA%E6%8F%9B%E4%B8%BB%E7%A5%9E%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="輪換主神教（页面不存在）">輪換主神教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%9C%89%E7%A5%9E%E8%AE%BA" title="非有神论">非有神論</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AE%E6%8B%9C%E4%B8%80%E7%A5%9E%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="單拜一神教（页面不存在）">單拜一神教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E7%A5%9E%E8%AB%96" title="一神論">一神論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%A7%98%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="神秘主義">神秘主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%AC%E6%9C%89%E5%9C%A8%E7%A5%9E%E8%AB%96" title="萬有在神論">萬有在神論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%A5%9E%E8%AB%96" title="泛自然神論">泛自然神論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E7%A5%9E%E8%AE%BA" title="泛神论">泛神論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E7%A5%9E%E8%AB%96" title="多神論">多神論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E9%9D%88%E8%AB%96" title="唯靈論">唯靈論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%B0%B1%E6%98%AF%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99" title="神就是宇宙">神即宇宙論</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5" title="概念">概念</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E" title="神">神</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%80%A7" title="神性">神性</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="神的性別（页面不存在）">神的性別</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B7%E7%A5%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="男神">男神</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E7%A5%9E" title="女神">女神</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%88%E8%AD%B7%E7%A5%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="守護神（页面不存在）">守護神</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E_(%E4%B8%80%E7%A5%9E%E6%95%99)" title="神 (一神教)">一神神學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各個宗教</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9E%E4%BC%AF%E6%8B%89%E7%BD%95%E8%AB%B8%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亞伯拉罕諸教的神（页面不存在）">亞伯拉罕諸教</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="猶太教的神（页面不存在）">猶太教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E" title="基督教的神">基督教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E" title="伊斯兰教的神">伊斯蘭教</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%88%E4%BC%8A%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%B0%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E" title="巴哈伊信仰的神">巴哈伊信仰</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E5%89%B5%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教的創世主（页面不存在）">佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度教的神（页面不存在）">印度教</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%80%86%E9%82%A3%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="耆那教的神（页面不存在）">耆那教</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8C%AB%E5%85%8B%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="錫克教的神（页面不存在）">錫克教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%83%A1%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%A6%AC%E8%8C%B2%E9%81%94" title="阿胡拉·馬茲達">瑣羅亞斯德教</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%95%E5%B0%8D" class="mw-disambig" title="絕對">絕對</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5" title="梵">梵</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E5%87%BA%E8%AA%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="流出說（页面不存在）">流出說</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%8F%E5%90%84%E6%96%AF" title="邏各斯">邏各斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E_(%E4%B8%80%E7%A5%9E%E6%95%99)" title="神 (一神教)">上帝</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">身份</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%94%E7%A5%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="魔神">魔神</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%AF%E6%92%90%E7%A5%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="支撐神（页面不存在）">支撐神</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E7%88%BE%E5%87%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇爾凡（页面不存在）">時間神</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BD%8D%E4%B8%80%E9%AB%94" title="三位一體">三一神論</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" 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</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%BB%E5%90%8E%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD" title="死后生命">死後生命</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E7%A4%BA%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="天示主義（页面不存在）">天示主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%9C%8B" title="天國">天國</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%A6%E5%A5%B3%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="婦女神學">婦女神學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教與女性（页面不存在）">佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="基督教女性主義（页面不存在）">基督教</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度教與女性（页面不存在）">印度教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="伊斯蘭女性主義">伊斯蘭教</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="猶太教女性主義（页面不存在）">猶太教女性主義</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%A9%E7%88%BE%E9%96%80%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摩爾門教與女性（页面不存在）">摩爾門教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E7%A5%9E" title="女神">女神</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%90%8D" title="神名">神名</a></th><td 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title="神顯（页面不存在）">神顯</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%A5%9E%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自神論（页面不存在）">自神論</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%96%E6%98%9F%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="外星神學（页面不存在）">外星神學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大屠殺神學（页面不存在）">大屠殺神學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="基督教的神格（页面不存在）">基督教的神格</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%A9%E7%88%BE%E9%96%80%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摩爾門教的神（页面不存在）">後期聖徒</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E7%9A%84%E5%81%89%E5%A4%A7%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E8%80%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宇宙的偉大建築者（页面不存在）">宇宙的偉大建築者</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9D%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大靈（页面不存在）">大靈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A6%E5%AE%9A%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="否定神學">否定神學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E5%A6%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奧林妣（页面不存在）">奧林妣</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E6%9C%89%E7%A5%9E%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="開放有神論（页面不存在）">開放有神論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%A0%BC%E7%A5%9E" title="人格神">人格神</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9E%E7%9A%84%E7%8F%BE%E8%B1%A1%E5%AE%9A%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="神的現象定義（页面不存在）">現象定義</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%90%E6%B4%9B%E5%B0%8D%E7%A5%9E%E7%9A%84%E8%A7%80%E9%BB%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斐洛對神的觀點（页面不存在）">斐洛的觀點</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%8E%E7%A8%8B%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="過程神學（页面不存在）">過程神學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9" title="天">天</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8A%A8%E4%B9%8B%E5%8A%A8%E8%80%85" title="不动之动者">不动之动者</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="各個宗教" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">各個宗教</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="基督教神學">基督教</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%B2" title="基督教神學史">歷史</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8%E6%A6%82%E8%BF%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="基督教神學概述（页面不存在）">概述</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E5%85%B8" title="正典">正典</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E8%A1%93%E8%AA%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="基督教術語列表（页面不存在）">術語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E8%AE%BA" title="基督论">基督論</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聖經宇宙論（页面不存在）">聖經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6" title="教会学">教會學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="基督教倫理（页面不存在）">倫理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%AA_(%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99)" title="罪 (宗教)">罪論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A5%E8%B5%9B%E4%BA%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="弥赛亚主义">彌賽亞主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B6%E6%96%AF%E8%84%AB%E9%87%8C%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="聶斯脫里主義">聶斯脫里主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="基督教哲学">哲學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%A6%E7%94%A8%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="實用神學（页面不存在）">實用神學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A2%E8%8F%B2%E4%BA%9E%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="索菲亞哲學（页面不存在）">索菲亞哲學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E6%95%91%E8%B4%96%E8%AB%96" title="基督教救贖論">救贖論</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%85%AD%E6%B4%BE%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="古印度六派哲學">印度教</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E4%BA%9E%E7%93%A6%E8%8A%9D%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿亞瓦芝神學（页面不存在）">阿亞瓦芝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%98%E6%BF%95%E5%A5%B4%E6%B4%BE" title="毘濕奴派">毘濕奴派</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE%E5%88%A5" title="伊斯蘭教神學派別">伊斯蘭教</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%8D%E4%B8%BB%E5%AD%B8" title="認主學">認主學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E5%85%88%E7%9F%A5" title="伊斯蘭教的先知">先知</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%81%96%E6%9B%B8" title="伊斯蘭教聖書">聖書</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%BF" title="伊斯兰教中的天使">天使</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E5%AE%BF%E5%91%BD%E8%AB%96" title="伊斯蘭教宿命論">宿命論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AB%96" title="伊斯蘭教末世論">末世論</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="猶太教哲學">猶太教</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E7%9F%A5%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="先知書">先知書</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%8A%A0%E9%81%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿加達（页面不存在）">阿加達</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E5%9C%98%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="猶太教宗教團體（页面不存在）">宗教團體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89" title="卡巴拉">卡巴拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="猶太教哲學">哲學</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="基督教神學" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFE880;;background-color: #FADA5E;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6" title="Template:基督教神学"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6" title="Template talk:基督教神学"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:基督教神学"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="基督教神學" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="基督教神學">基督教神學</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFE880;"><div><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6" title="Category:基督教神学">页面分类</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFE880;;width:1%;background: #FADA5E;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="系統神學">系統神學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FADA5E;;width:1%;background: #FADA5E;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="聖經神學">聖經神學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%98%E7%A4%BA" title="默示">默示</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E5%85%B8" title="正典">正典</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" title="聖經研究">聖經研究</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E7%BB%8F%E5%AD%A6" title="解经学">解經</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="律法與福音" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Law and Gospel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%8B%E6%B3%95%E8%88%87%E7%A6%8F%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="律法與福音（页面不存在）">律法與福音</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_and_Gospel" class="extiw" title="en:Law and Gospel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Law and Gospel</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E7%BB%8F%E5%AD%A6" title="释经学">释经学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FADA5E;;width:1%;background-color: #FFE880;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E" title="基督教的神">神论</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="聖父論" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Paterology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E7%88%B6%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聖父論（页面不存在）">聖父論</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paterology" class="extiw" title="en:Paterology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Paterology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E8%AE%BA" title="基督论">基督论</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="圣灵论" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pneumatology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%A3%E7%81%B5%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="圣灵论（页面不存在）">圣灵论</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatology" class="extiw" title="en:Pneumatology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pneumatology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BD%8D%E4%B8%80%E9%AB%94" title="三位一體">三位一體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%88%B6" title="聖父">聖父</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%AD%90" title="聖子">聖子</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8D%E6%A0%BC%E5%90%88%E4%B8%80" title="位格合一">位格合一</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E6%88%90%E8%82%89%E8%BA%AB" title="道成肉身">道成肉身</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A8%A3" title="耶稣">耶稣</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%8F%E5%90%84%E6%96%AF" title="邏各斯">邏各斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E8%AB%96" title="基督中心論">基督中心論</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E9%9D%88" title="聖靈">圣灵</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%A3%E9%9D%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="那靈（页面不存在）">那靈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%9D%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E8%AE%BA" title="上帝中心论">上帝中心论</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E8%AE%8A%E6%80%A7_(%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不變性 (神學)（页面不存在）">不變性</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A0%E5%8A%A8%E6%83%85%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="无动情性（页面不存在）">无动情性</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FADA5E;;width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="基督教宇宙论" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Biblical cosmology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="基督教宇宙论（页面不存在）">宇宙论</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_cosmology" class="extiw" title="en:Biblical cosmology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Biblical cosmology</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%B5%E4%B8%96%E8%A8%98" title="創世記">創世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%BF" title="天使">天使</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%BF%E7%AD%89%E7%BA%A7" title="天使等级">天使等级</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E8%AB%96" title="人論">人论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%AE%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%BF" title="墮天使">堕天使</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E4%BD%86" title="撒但">撒但</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E4%B9%89%E8%AE%BA" title="神义论">神義論</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FADA5E;;width:1%;background-color: #FFE880;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E6%95%91%E8%B4%96%E8%AB%96" title="基督教救贖論">救赎论</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A6%E5%85%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="赦免">赦免</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="收養 (神學)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Adoption (theology)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%B6%E9%A4%8A_(%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="收養 (神學)（页面不存在）">收養</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adoption_(theology)" class="extiw" title="en:Adoption (theology)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Adoption (theology)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="確據" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Assurance (theology)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A2%BA%E6%93%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="確據（页面不存在）">確據</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assurance_(theology)" class="extiw" title="en:Assurance (theology)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Assurance (theology)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%8E%E7%BD%AA_(%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赎罪 (基督教)（页面不存在）">赎罪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%97%E7%A4%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="洗礼">洗礼</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E5%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="基督教改宗（页面不存在）">改宗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%B0" title="基督教信仰">信念</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%AC%E6%81%95" title="寬恕">宽恕</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="得榮耀" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Glorification (theology)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%97%E6%A6%AE%E8%80%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="得榮耀（页面不存在）">得榮耀</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glorification_(theology)" class="extiw" title="en:Glorification (theology)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Glorification (theology)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E5%85%B8" title="恩典">恩典</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%AF%E6%8A%97%E6%8B%92%E7%9A%84%E6%81%A9%E5%85%B8" title="不可抗拒的恩典">不可抗拒的恩典</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imputed_righteousness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imputed righteousness（页面不存在）">Imputation</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">称义</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lapsarianism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lapsarianism（页面不存在）">Lapsarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Means_of_grace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Means of grace（页面不存在）">Means of grace</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="治死罪" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mortification (theology)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%BB%E6%AD%BB%E7%BD%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="治死罪（页面不存在）">治死罪</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortification_(theology)" class="extiw" title="en:Mortification (theology)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mortification (theology)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordo_salutis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ordo salutis（页面不存在）">Ordo Salutis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%84%E8%A8%80" title="预言">预言</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%A9%E5%92%8C%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="復和神學（页面不存在）">復和神學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%8E%E5%9B%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赎回（页面不存在）">赎回</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E7%94%9F_(%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99)" title="重生 (基督教)">重生</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%82%94%E6%94%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="悔改（页面不存在）">悔改</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%BA%E5%A4%8D%E6%B4%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="死人复活（页面不存在）">死人复活</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%AF%E6%95%91" class="mw-redirect" title="拯救">拯救</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E5%9C%A3" title="成圣">成圣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E7%A5%9E%E8%AE%BA" title="成神论">成神论</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8E%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E8%81%94%E5%90%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="与基督联合（页面不存在）">与基督联合</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FADA5E;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%AA%E8%AB%96" title="罪論">罪論</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%95%B6" title="亞當">亞當</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E8%AB%96" title="人論">人論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%A0%95%E8%90%BD" title="人的堕落">人的堕落</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%88%91%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" class="mw-redirect" title="自我中心">自我中心</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E7%BD%AA" title="原罪">原罪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%AA_(%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99)" title="罪 (宗教)">罪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E4%B9%89%E8%AE%BA" title="神义论">神義論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%84%B6%E8%B4%A5%E5%9D%8F" title="全然败坏">全然败坏</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FADA5E;;width:1%;background-color: #FFE880;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6" title="教会学">教会学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%A6%AE" title="聖禮">圣礼</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%A3%E6%95%99%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宣教学（页面不存在）">宣教学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E6%94%BF%E9%AB%94%E5%88%B6" title="教政體制">教政体制</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%83%E7%9C%BE%E5%88%B6" title="會眾制">会众制</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="主教制">主教制</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E8%80%81%E5%88%B6" title="長老制">长老制</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E4%BC%9A%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="教会会议">教会会议</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conciliarity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conciliarity（页面不存在）">Conciliarity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FADA5E;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AB%96" title="基督教末世論">末世论</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="历史主义 (基督教末世论)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Historicism (Christian eschatology)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89_(%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AE%BA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="历史主义 (基督教末世论)（页面不存在）">历史主义</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historicism_(Christian_eschatology)" class="extiw" title="en:Historicism (Christian eschatology)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Historicism (Christian eschatology)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="理念主义 (基督教末世论)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Idealism (Christian eschatology)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%90%86%E5%BF%B5%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89_(%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AE%BA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="理念主义 (基督教末世论)（页面不存在）">理念主义</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idealism_(Christian_eschatology)" class="extiw" title="en:Idealism (Christian eschatology)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Idealism (Christian eschatology)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E8%AE%BA" title="时代论">时代论</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="未来主义 (基督教末世论)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Futurism (Christian eschatology)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89_(%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AE%BA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="未来主义 (基督教末世论)（页面不存在）">未来主义</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(Christian_eschatology)" class="extiw" title="en:Futurism (Christian eschatology)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Futurism (Christian eschatology)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E9%A2%84%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E8%AE%BA" title="末世预言实现论">末世预言实现论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%83%E7%A6%A7%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="千禧年主义">千禧年主义</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%83%E7%A6%A7%E5%B9%B4%E5%89%8D%E8%AE%BA" title="千禧年前论">千禧年前论</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%83%E7%A6%A7%E5%B9%B4%E5%90%8E%E8%AE%BA" title="千禧年后论">千禧年后论</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E5%8D%83%E7%A6%A7%E5%B9%B4%E8%AE%BA" title="无千禧年论">无千禧年论</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Historic_Adventism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historic Adventism（页面不存在）">Adventism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%8C%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3" title="敌基督">敌基督</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%98%E7%A4%BA" title="默示">默示</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%AF%E7%A4%BA%E8%AE%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="启示论">启示论</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="圣约神学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Covenant theology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%A3%E7%BA%A6%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="圣约神学（页面不存在）">圣约神学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covenant_theology" class="extiw" title="en:Covenant theology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Covenant theology</span></a></span>）</span></span>／<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="新圣约神学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="New Covenant Theology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E5%9C%A3%E7%BA%A6%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新圣约神学（页面不存在）">新圣约神学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Covenant_Theology" class="extiw" title="en:New Covenant Theology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">New Covenant Theology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AE%BA" title="末世论">末世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%8B" title="神的國">神的國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%8B%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="地狱">地狱</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E9%97%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="阴间">阴间</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%B9%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="火湖（页面不存在）">火湖</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%A1%E5%88%A4" title="最后的审判">最后的审判</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%B0%E5%9C%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新天新地（页面不存在）">新天新地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7" title="新耶路撒冷">新耶路撒冷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%AB%E6%8F%90" title="被提">被提</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A8%A3%E5%86%8D%E4%B8%B4" title="耶稣再临">耶稣再临</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E9%AD%82%E7%9D%A1%E7%9C%A0" title="灵魂睡眠">灵魂睡眠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%81%BE%E9%9A%BE" title="大灾难">大灾难</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%BF%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="天使战争">天使战争</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFE880;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="歷史神學">歷史神學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%B2" title="基督教神學史">基督教神学史</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%B8%8E%E9%98%BF%E6%B0%91%E5%BF%B5%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%BA%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加尔文主义与阿民念主义的争论史（页面不存在）">加尔文主义与阿民念主义的争论史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%BF%E5%BE%92%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" title="使徒時代">使徒时代</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Development_of_the_New_Testament_canon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Development of the New Testament canon（页面不存在）">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E7%88%B6%E5%AD%B8" title="教父學">教父學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%95%99%E5%90%88%E4%B8%80" title="政教合一">政教合一</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E4%BC%AF%E6%8B%89%E7%BA%A0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="半伯拉纠主义">半伯拉纠主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%83%8F%E7%A0%B4%E5%A3%9E%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95_(%E6%9D%B1%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B)" title="聖像破壞運動 (東羅馬帝國)">聖像破壞運動</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E9%99%A2%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="经院哲学">经院哲学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="托马斯主义">托马斯主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E8%87%B3%E4%B8%8A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="会议至上主义">会议至上主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E8%89%BA%E5%A4%8D%E5%85%B4%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E6%96%87%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="文艺复兴时期的人文主义">文艺复兴时期的人文主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="宗教改革">宗教改革</a></li> <li><a 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ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastoral_theology" class="extiw" title="en:Pastoral theology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pastoral theology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E8%AA%BF" title="反調">反調</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6" title="政治神学">政治神學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="解放神學">解放神學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%99%95%E5%A2%83%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="處境神學">處境神學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E7%97%85%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社會病理學神學（页面不存在）">社會病理學神學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AA%E4%BE%86%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="未來神學（页面不存在）">未來神學</a></li> <li><a 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#FFE880;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Template:Theology_by_Tradition" title="Template:Theology by Tradition">教派传统</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <table class="toccolours collapsible collapsed" style="width: 100%; border: none;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: #FADA5E;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="东正教神学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Eastern Orthodox Christian theology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E6%AD%A3%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="东正教神学（页面不存在）">东正教神学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Christian_theology" class="extiw" title="en:Eastern Orthodox Christian theology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eastern Orthodox Christian theology</span></a></span>）</span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A6%E5%AE%9A%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="否定神學">否定神学</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cataphatic_theology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cataphatic theology（页面不存在）">Cataphatic theology</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_(Eastern_Christianity)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economy (Eastern Christianity)（页面不存在）">经纶</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essence%E2%80%93Energies_distinction&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Essence–Energies distinction（页面不存在）">Essence–Energies</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E5%AD%90%E8%AA%AA" title="和子說">和子说</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gnomic_will&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gnomic will（页面不存在）">Gnomic will</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a 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·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theoria（页面不存在）">Theoria</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E7%A5%9E%E8%AE%BA" title="成神论">成神论</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%8B%E6%AF%8D" title="天主之母">诞神女</a> </span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="toccolours collapsible collapsed" style="width: 100%; border: none;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: #FADA5E;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6" title="天主教神学">天主教神学</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%A6%E7%BD%AA_(%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赦罪 (宗教)（页面不存在）">赦罪</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E5%BE%92%E7%B9%BC%E6%89%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="宗徒繼承">宗徒繼承</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E6%AF%8D%E5%8D%87%E5%A4%A9%E8%AA%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="聖母升天說">聖母升天說</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E8%81%96%E5%82%B3%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="天主教聖傳主義（页面不存在）">聖傳主義</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%AC%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="大公會議">大公会议</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%83%8F%E7%95%AB" title="聖像畫">圣像画</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%AC%E5%A5%89" title="敬奉">敬奉</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E6%AF%8D%E6%97%A0%E6%9F%93%E5%8E%9F%E7%BD%AA" title="圣母无染原罪">圣母无染原罪</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%8E%E7%BD%AA%E5%88%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="赎罪券">赎罪券</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%B4%E5%84%BF%E6%B4%97%E7%A4%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="婴儿洗礼">婴儿洗礼</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AE%E6%8B%9C%E5%84%80%E5%BC%8F" title="禮拜儀式">基督教礼拜仪式</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E6%AF%8D%E8%AB%96" class="mw-redirect" title="聖母論">圣母论</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A5%E6%92%92" title="弥撒">弥撒</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9_(%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="現代主義 (天主教)（页面不存在）">現代主義</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E6%B3%95" title="自然法">自然法</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E7%84%A1%E8%AC%AC%E8%AA%A4" title="教宗無謬誤">教宗无谬误</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B8%E7%A5%AD%E8%81%B7(%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="司祭職(天主教)（页面不存在）">司祭職</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%82%BC%E7%8B%B1" title="炼狱">炼狱</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="守十四日派" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Quartodecimanism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%88%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E6%97%A5%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="守十四日派（页面不存在）">守十四日派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartodecimanism" class="extiw" title="en:Quartodecimanism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Quartodecimanism</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%A6%E8%87%A8%E5%9C%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真實臨在（页面不存在）">真實臨在</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sacerdotalism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sacerdotalism（页面不存在）">Sacerdotalism</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%A6%AE" title="聖禮">聖禮</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E4%BA%BA" title="圣人">圣人</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E8%8C%82%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道茂學派（页面不存在）">道茂學派</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="圣餐变体论" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Transubstantiation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E9%A4%90%E8%AE%8A%E9%AB%94%E8%AB%96" class="mw-redirect" title="聖餐變體論">圣餐变体论</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transubstantiation" class="extiw" title="en:Transubstantiation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Transubstantiation</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="越山主义">越山主义</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="解放神學">解放神學</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E6%AF%8D%E5%8D%92%E4%B8%96%E7%AB%A5%E8%B4%9E" title="圣母卒世童贞">圣母卒世童贞</a> </span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="toccolours collapsible collapsed" style="width: 100%; border: none;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: #FF9;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="圣公宗神学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Anglican doctrine"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%A3%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%97%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="圣公宗神学（页面不存在）">圣公宗神学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglican_doctrine" class="extiw" title="en:Anglican doctrine"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Anglican doctrine</span></a></span>）</span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8E%E6%A0%BC%E9%AD%AF%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%AC%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="盎格魯大公主義">Anglo-Catholicism</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelical_Catholic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evangelical Catholic（页面不存在）">Evangelical Catholic</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%95%99%E6%9C%83%E6%B4%BE" title="高教會派">高派教会</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E6%B4%BE%E6%95%99%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="低派教会">低派教会</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latitudinarian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Latitudinarian（页面不存在）">Latitudinarian</a> </span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="toccolours collapsible collapsed" style="width: 100%; border: none;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: #FADA5E;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99#教義" title="新教">新教神学</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #FF9;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99#教義" title="新教">普遍承认的新教神学</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adiaphora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adiaphora（页面不存在）">Adiaphora</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Assurance_(theology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assurance (theology)（页面不存在）">Assurance</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Believer%27s_baptism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Believer's baptism（页面不存在）">Believer's baptism</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Priesthood_of_all_believers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Priesthood of all believers（页面不存在）">Priesthood of the believer</a> </span></td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Theology of other protestant traditions</i>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Faith_healing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faith healing（页面不存在）">Faith healing</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossolalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glossolalia（页面不存在）">Glossolalia</a> </span></td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #FF9;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B0%91%E5%BF%B5%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="阿民念主義">阿民念主義</a> / <a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E6%96%AF%E7%90%86%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="衛斯理主義">卫斯理主义</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_perfection&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian perfection（页面不存在）">Christian perfection</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conditional_preservation_of_the_saints&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conditional preservation of the saints（页面不存在）">Conditional preservation of the saints</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imparted_righteousness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imparted righteousness（页面不存在）">Imparted righteousness</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lordship_salvation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lordship salvation（页面不存在）">Lordship salvation</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prevenient_grace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prevenient grace（页面不存在）">Prevenient grace</a> </span></td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #FF9;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="信义宗神学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Theology of Martin Luther"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E4%B9%89%E5%AE%97%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="信义宗神学（页面不存在）">信义宗神学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theology_of_Martin_Luther" class="extiw" title="en:Theology of Martin Luther"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Theology of Martin Luther</span></a></span>）</span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doctrine_of_the_two_kingdoms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doctrine of the two kingdoms（页面不存在）">Two kingdoms</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loci_Theologici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loci Theologici（页面不存在）">Loci Theologici</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="十字架神学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Theology of the Cross"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E6%9E%B6%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="十字架神学（页面不存在）">十字架神学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theology_of_the_Cross" class="extiw" title="en:Theology of the Cross"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Theology of the Cross</span></a></span>）</span></span> </span></td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Confessional_Lutheran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Confessional Lutheran（页面不存在）">Confessional Lutheran</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haugean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haugean（页面不存在）">Haugean</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutheran_Orthodoxy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lutheran Orthodoxy（页面不存在）">Lutheran Orthodoxy</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutheran_scholasticism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lutheran scholasticism（页面不存在）">Lutheran scholasticism</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="新路德主義">新路德主義</a> </span></td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #FF9;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%88%BE%E6%96%87%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="加爾文主義">加爾文主義</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Free_Grace_theology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free Grace theology（页面不存在）">Free Grace theology</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%81%A9%E7%8B%AC%E4%BD%9C%E8%AE%BA" title="神恩独作论">神恩独作</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%80%E7%88%BE%E6%96%87%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E9%A0%90%E5%AE%9A%E8%AB%96" title="喀爾文主義預定論">预定论</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%AA%E5%94%AF%E7%8B%AC" title="五个唯独">五个唯独</a>（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%94%AF%E7%8B%AC%E4%BF%A1%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="唯独信心（页面不存在）">唯独信心</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%94%AF%E7%8B%AC%E6%81%A9%E5%85%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="唯独恩典（页面不存在）">唯独恩典</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%AA%E5%94%AF%E7%8B%AC" title="五个唯独">唯独圣经</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%80%E5%88%87%E8%8D%A3%E8%80%80%E5%BD%92%E4%BA%8E%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="一切荣耀归于上帝（页面不存在）">一切荣耀归于上帝</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%94%AF%E7%8B%AC%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="唯独基督（页面不存在）">唯独基督</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%96%E4%BB%A3%E8%AB%96" title="取代論">取代论</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%84%B6%E8%B4%A5%E5%9D%8F" title="全然败坏">全然败坏</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%88%BE%E6%96%87%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9#加尔文主义五要点" title="加爾文主義">加尔文主义五要点</a> </span></td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #FF9;">其他传统 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E5%A4%8D%E4%B8%B4%E5%AE%89%E6%81%AF%E6%97%A5%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="基督复临安息日神学（页面不存在）">基督复临安息日会</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%8D%E6%B4%97%E7%A4%BC%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="再洗礼派">再洗礼派</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E8%AE%BA" title="时代论">时代论</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E9%9F%B3%E6%B4%BE" title="福音派">福音派</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E5%9F%BA%E8%A6%81%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="基督教基要主义">基要派</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A5%E8%B5%9B%E4%BA%9A%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弥赛亚犹太教神学（页面不存在）">弥赛亚犹太教</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%97%AC%E7%AF%80%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="五旬節運動">五旬节派</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%99%94%E6%95%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="虔敬主义">虔敬主义</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="基督教原始主義">原始主义</a> </span></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFE880;;background: #FADA5E;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/20px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" 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