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<span>Incumbents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Incumbents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ruling_party_and_the_main_opposition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ruling_party_and_the_main_opposition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ruling party and the main opposition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ruling_party_and_the_main_opposition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cabinet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cabinet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Cabinet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cabinet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label 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(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:270px; font-size:100%;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><table style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left; font-size:88%; background:#f3f3f3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <p><span style="font-size:120%">←</span> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_in_Turkey" title="1996 in Turkey">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_in_Turkey" title="1995 in Turkey">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_in_Turkey" title="1994 in Turkey">1994</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"><figure class="mw-halign-right mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/80px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/120px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/160px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> <td class="summary" style="text-align:center; width:50%; font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;"><span style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/AD_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1997">1997</a></span><br /> in<br /> <span class="adr"><span class="country-name location"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:right; font-size:88%; background:#f3f3f3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <p><span style="font-size:120%">→</span> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1998_in_Turkey" title="1998 in Turkey">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_in_Turkey" title="1999 in Turkey">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_in_Turkey" title="2000 in Turkey">2000</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-size:88%;">Centuries:</th><td class="infobox-data hlist" style="font-size:88%; text-align:center;"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Years_of_the_20th_century_in_Turkey" title="Category:Years of the 20th century in Turkey">20th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Years_of_the_21st_century_in_Turkey" title="Category:Years of the 21st century in Turkey">21st</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-size:88%;">Decades:</th><td class="infobox-data hlist" style="font-size:88%; text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1970s_in_Turkey" title="Category:1970s in Turkey">1970s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1980s_in_Turkey" title="Category:1980s in Turkey">1980s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:1990s_in_Turkey" title="Category:1990s in Turkey">1990s</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:2000s_in_Turkey" title="Category:2000s in Turkey">2000s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:2010s_in_Turkey" title="Category:2010s in Turkey">2010s</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-size:88%;">See also:</th><td class="infobox-data hlist" style="font-size:88%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_Turkey" title="List of years in Turkey">List of years in Turkey</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Events in the year <b>1997 in Turkey</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parliament">Parliament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/20th_Parliament_of_Turkey" title="20th Parliament of Turkey">20th Parliament of Turkey</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Incumbents">Incumbents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Incumbents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Turkey" title="President of Turkey">President</a> – <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_Demirel" title="Süleyman Demirel">Süleyman Demirel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Turkey" title="Prime Minister of Turkey">Prime Minister</a> –</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Necmettin_Erbakan" title="Necmettin Erbakan">Necmettin Erbakan</a> (up to 30 June)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mesut_Y%C4%B1lmaz" title="Mesut Yılmaz">Mesut Yılmaz</a> (from 30 June)</dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_Main_Opposition_Leaders_of_Turkey" title="List of the Main Opposition Leaders of Turkey">Leader of the opposition</a> –</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Mesut_Y%C4%B1lmaz" title="Mesut Yılmaz">Mesut Yılmaz</a> (up to 30 June)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Necmettin_Erbakan" title="Necmettin Erbakan">Necmettin Erbakan</a> (from 30 June)</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ruling_party_and_the_main_opposition">Ruling party and the main opposition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ruling party and the main opposition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ruling party</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Welfare_Party" title="Welfare Party">Welfare Party (RP)</a> with coalition partner <a href="/wiki/True_Path_Party_(Turkey)" class="mw-redirect" title="True Path Party (Turkey)">True Path Party (DYP)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Motherland_Party_(Turkey)" title="Motherland Party (Turkey)">Motherland Party (ANAP)</a> with coalition partners <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Left_Party_(Turkey)" title="Democratic Left Party (Turkey)">Democratic Left Party</a> (DSP) and <a href="/wiki/Democrat_Turkey_Party" title="Democrat Turkey Party">Democrat Turkey Party</a> (DTP)</dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>Main opposition</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Motherland_Party_(Turkey)" title="Motherland Party (Turkey)">Motherland Party (ANAP)</a> (up to 30 June)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Welfare_Party" title="Welfare Party">Welfare Party (RP)</a> (from 30 June)</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cabinet">Cabinet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cabinet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/54th_government_of_Turkey" title="54th government of Turkey">54th government of Turkey</a> (up to 30 June)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/55th_government_of_Turkey" title="55th government of Turkey">55th government of Turkey</a> (from 30 June)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>8 January – Democrat Turkey Party was founded by <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCsamettin_Cindoruk" title="Hüsamettin Cindoruk">Hüsamettin Cindoruk</a>.</li> <li>11 January – Prime minister Necmettin Erbakan invited religious order leaders to his Office . This invitation caused political unrest</li> <li>24 January – Sabotage to <a href="/wiki/Kirkuk%E2%80%93Ceyhan_Oil_Pipeline" title="Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline">Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline</a></li> <li>2 February – Beginning of a civil disobedience action <i>1 minute darkness for a continuous light</i> by turning off the lights every night for 1 minute</li> <li>28 February – In a meeting of <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(Turkey)" title="National Security Council (Turkey)">National Security Council</a> the military members of the council asked for a secular administration (This event later on was ironically called <i>post modern coup</i>) <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>23 April – On children’s day, <a href="/wiki/Tansu_%C3%87iller" title="Tansu Çiller">Tansu Çiller</a>, the vice prime minister, announced that the compulsory education was raised from 5 years to 8 years</li> <li>15 May – Turkey enters northern <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> with the stated aim of "supporting <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Democratic_Party" title="Kurdistan Democratic Party">KDP</a> actions against the <a href="/wiki/PKK" class="mw-redirect" title="PKK">PKK</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>16 May – <a href="/wiki/Ya%C5%9Far_Kemal" title="Yaşar Kemal">Yaşar Kemal</a> won <a href="/wiki/Peace_Prize_of_the_German_Book_Trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Peace Prize of the German Book Trade">Peace Prize of the German Book Trade</a></li> <li>22 May – Four male and six female Turkish weightlifters won the gold medal in 1997 European Weightlifting Championships</li> <li>25 May – <a href="/wiki/Galatasaray_S.K." title="Galatasaray S.K.">Galatasaray</a> won the championship of the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_football_league" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish football league">Turkish football league</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>21 June – Upon Necmettin Erbakan’s resignation, the president appointed <a href="/wiki/Mesut_Y%C4%B1lmaz" title="Mesut Yılmaz">Mesut Yılmaz</a> to form the new government.</li> <li>25 October – Bus accident in <a href="/wiki/Konya_Province" title="Konya Province">Konya Province</a> 49 deaths</li> <li>14 December – At the Luxembourg summit, the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> decided to continue negotiations with Turkey</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>4 April – <a href="/wiki/Alparslan_T%C3%BCrke%C5%9F" title="Alparslan Türkeş">Alparslan Türkeş</a> (born 1917), politician</li> <li>4 May – <a href="/wiki/Esin_Engin" title="Esin Engin">Esin Engin</a> (born 1945), musician</li> <li>20 June – <a href="/wiki/Cahit_K%C3%BClebi" title="Cahit Külebi">Cahit Külebi</a> (born 1917), poet</li> <li>2 July – <a href="/wiki/Ayhan_Songar" title="Ayhan Songar">Ayhan Songar</a> (born 1926), academic and psychiatrist</li> <li>26 August – <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCreya_Koral" title="Füreya Koral">Füreya Koral</a> (born 1910), ceramist</li> <li>26 December – <a href="/wiki/Cahit_Arf" title="Cahit Arf">Cahit Arf</a> (born 1910), mathematician</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Suleyman_Demirel_1998.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Süleyman Demirel"><img alt="Süleyman Demirel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Suleyman_Demirel_1998.jpg/90px-Suleyman_Demirel_1998.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Suleyman_Demirel_1998.jpg/136px-Suleyman_Demirel_1998.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Suleyman_Demirel_1998.jpg/181px-Suleyman_Demirel_1998.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="636" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Süleyman Demirel</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Necmettin-Erbakan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Necmettin Erbakan"><img alt="Necmettin Erbakan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Necmettin-Erbakan.jpg/120px-Necmettin-Erbakan.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Necmettin-Erbakan.jpg/180px-Necmettin-Erbakan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Necmettin-Erbakan.jpg/240px-Necmettin-Erbakan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2554" data-file-height="1709" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Necmettin Erbakan</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996-97_1.Lig" class="mw-redirect" title="1996-97 1.Lig">1996-97 1.Lig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_1997" title="Turkey in the Eurovision Song Contest 1997">Turkey in the Eurovision Song Contest 1997</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Türkiye'nin 70 yılı, Tempo, İstanbul, 1998, pp 498–505</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sina Akşin: <i>Kısa Türkiye Tarihi</i>, Türkiye İş Bankası yayınları, İstanbul, 2011, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9944-88-172-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-9944-88-172-2">978-9944-88-172-2</a> p.301</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraham_Brown1999" class="citation book cs1">Graham Brown, Sarah (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oVNE_lJpOKoC&q=15+may+1997+turkey+iraq&pg=PA249"><i>Sanctioning Saddam: The Politics of Intervention in Iraq</i></a>. I.B. Tauris. p. 249. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781860644733" title="Special:BookSources/9781860644733"><bdi>9781860644733</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sanctioning+Saddam%3A+The+Politics+of+Intervention+in+Iraq&rft.pages=249&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9781860644733&rft.aulast=Graham+Brown&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoVNE_lJpOKoC%26q%3D15%2Bmay%2B1997%2Bturkey%2Biraq%26pg%3DPA249&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1997+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mackolik.com/Standings/Default.aspx?sId=100">Mackolik page</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Years_in_Turkey" title="Template:Years in Turkey"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a 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href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_Turkey" title="List of years in Turkey">Years</a> in <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> (1923–present)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Years_of_the_20th_century_in_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Category:Years of the 20th century in the Ottoman Empire">Pre-1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_in_Turkey" title="1923 in Turkey">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_in_Turkey" title="1924 in Turkey">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1925_in_Turkey" title="1925 in Turkey">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_in_Turkey" title="1926 in Turkey">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1927_in_Turkey" title="1927 in Turkey">1927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_in_Turkey" title="1928 in Turkey">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_in_Turkey" title="1929 in Turkey">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930_in_Turkey" title="1930 in Turkey">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_in_Turkey" title="1931 in Turkey">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_in_Turkey" title="1932 in Turkey">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_in_Turkey" title="1933 in Turkey">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_in_Turkey" title="1934 in Turkey">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_in_Turkey" title="1935 in Turkey">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_in_Turkey" title="1936 in Turkey">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_in_Turkey" title="1937 in Turkey">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_in_Turkey" title="1938 in Turkey">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_in_Turkey" title="1939 in Turkey">1939</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_in_Turkey" title="1940 in Turkey">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_in_Turkey" title="1941 in Turkey">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_in_Turkey" title="1942 in Turkey">1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_in_Turkey" title="1943 in Turkey">1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_in_Turkey" title="1944 in Turkey">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_in_Turkey" title="1945 in Turkey">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_in_Turkey" title="1946 in Turkey">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_in_Turkey" title="1947 in Turkey">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_in_Turkey" title="1948 in Turkey">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_in_Turkey" title="1949 in Turkey">1949</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_in_Turkey" title="1950 in Turkey">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_in_Turkey" title="1951 in Turkey">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_in_Turkey" title="1952 in Turkey">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_in_Turkey" title="1953 in Turkey">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_in_Turkey" title="1954 in Turkey">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_in_Turkey" title="1955 in Turkey">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_in_Turkey" title="1956 in Turkey">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_in_Turkey" title="1957 in Turkey">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_in_Turkey" title="1958 in Turkey">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_in_Turkey" title="1959 in Turkey">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_in_Turkey" title="1960 in Turkey">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_in_Turkey" title="1961 in Turkey">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_in_Turkey" title="1962 in Turkey">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_in_Turkey" title="1963 in Turkey">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_in_Turkey" title="1964 in Turkey">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_in_Turkey" title="1965 in Turkey">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_in_Turkey" title="1966 in Turkey">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_in_Turkey" title="1967 in Turkey">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_in_Turkey" title="1968 in Turkey">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_in_Turkey" title="1969 in Turkey">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_in_Turkey" title="1970 in Turkey">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_in_Turkey" title="1971 in Turkey">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_in_Turkey" title="1972 in Turkey">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_in_Turkey" title="1973 in Turkey">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_in_Turkey" title="1974 in Turkey">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_in_Turkey" title="1975 in Turkey">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_in_Turkey" title="1976 in Turkey">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_in_Turkey" title="1977 in Turkey">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_in_Turkey" title="1978 in Turkey">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_in_Turkey" title="1979 in Turkey">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_in_Turkey" title="1980 in Turkey">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_in_Turkey" title="1981 in Turkey">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_in_Turkey" title="1982 in Turkey">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_in_Turkey" title="1983 in Turkey">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_in_Turkey" title="1984 in Turkey">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_in_Turkey" title="1985 in Turkey">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_in_Turkey" title="1986 in Turkey">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_in_Turkey" title="1987 in Turkey">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_in_Turkey" title="1988 in Turkey">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_in_Turkey" title="1989 in Turkey">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_in_Turkey" title="1990 in Turkey">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_in_Turkey" title="1991 in Turkey">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_in_Turkey" title="1992 in Turkey">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Turkey" title="1993 in Turkey">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_in_Turkey" title="1994 in Turkey">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_in_Turkey" title="1995 in Turkey">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_in_Turkey" title="1996 in Turkey">1996</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_in_Turkey" title="1998 in Turkey">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_in_Turkey" title="1999 in Turkey">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_in_Turkey" title="2000 in Turkey">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_in_Turkey" title="2001 in Turkey">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_in_Turkey" title="2002 in Turkey">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_in_Turkey" title="2003 in Turkey">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_in_Turkey" title="2004 in Turkey">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_in_Turkey" title="2005 in Turkey">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_in_Turkey" title="2006 in Turkey">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_in_Turkey" title="2007 in Turkey">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Turkey" title="2008 in Turkey">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_in_Turkey" title="2009 in Turkey">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_in_Turkey" title="2010 in Turkey">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_in_Turkey" title="2011 in Turkey">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_in_Turkey" title="2012 in Turkey">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_in_Turkey" title="2013 in Turkey">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_in_Turkey" title="2014 in Turkey">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_in_Turkey" title="2015 in Turkey">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_in_Turkey" title="2016 in Turkey">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_in_Turkey" title="2017 in Turkey">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_in_Turkey" title="2018 in Turkey">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_in_Turkey" title="2019 in Turkey">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_in_Turkey" title="2020 in Turkey">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_in_Turkey" title="2021 in Turkey">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_in_Turkey" title="2022 in Turkey">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_in_Turkey" title="2023 in Turkey">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_in_Turkey" title="2024 in Turkey">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_in_Turkey" title="2025 in Turkey">2025</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1997_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Europe_topic" title="Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Europe_topic" title="Template talk:Europe topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Europe_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1997_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1997 in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="1997 in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Andorra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Andorra (page does not exist)">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Armenia (page does not exist)">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Austria (page does not exist)">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Azerbaijan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Azerbaijan (page does not exist)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Belarus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Belarus (page does not exist)">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Belgium" title="1997 in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="1997 in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="1997 in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Croatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Croatia (page does not exist)">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Cyprus" title="1997 in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_the_Czech_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in the Czech Republic (page does not exist)">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Denmark" title="1997 in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Estonia" title="1997 in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Finland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Finland (page does not exist)">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_France" title="1997 in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Georgia_(country)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Georgia (country) (page does not exist)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Germany" title="1997 in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Greece" title="1997 in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Hungary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Hungary (page does not exist)">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Iceland" title="1997 in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="1997 in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Italy" title="1997 in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Kazakhstan (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Latvia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Latvia (page does not exist)">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Liechtenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Liechtenstein (page does not exist)">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Lithuania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Lithuania (page does not exist)">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Luxembourg" title="1997 in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Malta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Malta (page does not exist)">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Moldova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Moldova (page does not exist)">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Monaco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Monaco (page does not exist)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Montenegro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Montenegro (page does not exist)">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_the_Netherlands" title="1997 in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_North_Macedonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in North Macedonia (page does not exist)">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Norway" title="1997 in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Poland" title="1997 in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Portugal" title="1997 in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Romania" title="1997 in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Russia" title="1997 in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_San_Marino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in San Marino (page does not exist)">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Serbia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Serbia (page does not exist)">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Slovakia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Slovakia (page does not exist)">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Slovenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Slovenia (page does not exist)">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Spain" title="1997 in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Sweden" title="1997 in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Switzerland" title="1997 in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Ukraine" title="1997 in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1997 in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Kosovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Kosovo (page does not exist)">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Transnistria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Transnistria (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Åland (page does not exist)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_the_Faroe_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in the Faroe Islands (page does not exist)">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Gibraltar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Gibraltar (page does not exist)">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Guernsey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Guernsey (page does not exist)">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_the_Isle_of_Man&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in the Isle of Man (page does not exist)">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Jersey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Jersey (page does not exist)">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Svalbard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Svalbard (page does not exist)">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_the_European_Union" title="1997 in the European Union">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1997_in_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1997_in_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1997 in Asia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Afghanistan" title="1997 in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Armenia (page does not exist)">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Azerbaijan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Azerbaijan (page does not exist)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Bahrain (page does not exist)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Bangladesh" title="1997 in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Bhutan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Bhutan (page does not exist)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Brunei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Brunei (page does not exist)">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Cambodia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Cambodia (page does not exist)">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_China" title="1997 in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Cyprus" title="1997 in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_East_Timor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in East Timor (page does not exist)">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Egypt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Egypt (page does not exist)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Georgia_(country)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Georgia (country) (page does not exist)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_India" title="1997 in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Indonesia" title="1997 in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Iran" title="1997 in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Iraq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Iraq (page does not exist)">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Israel" title="1997 in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Japan" title="1997 in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Jordan" title="1997 in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Kazakhstan (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_North_Korea" title="1997 in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_South_Korea" title="1997 in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Kuwait" title="1997 in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Kyrgyzstan (page does not exist)">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Laos" title="1997 in Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Lebanon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Lebanon (page does not exist)">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Malaysia" title="1997 in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_the_Maldives&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in the Maldives (page does not exist)">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Mongolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Mongolia (page does not exist)">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Myanmar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Myanmar (page does not exist)">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Nepal" title="1997 in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Oman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Oman (page does not exist)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Pakistan" title="1997 in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_the_Philippines" title="1997 in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Qatar (page does not exist)">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Russia" title="1997 in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Saudi Arabia (page does not exist)">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Singapore" title="1997 in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Sri_Lanka" title="1997 in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Syria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Syria (page does not exist)">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Tajikistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Tajikistan (page does not exist)">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Thailand" title="1997 in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Turkmenistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Turkmenistan (page does not exist)">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="1997 in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Uzbekistan" class="mw-redirect" title="1997 in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Vietnam (page does not exist)">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Yemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Yemen (page does not exist)">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_the_State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in the State of Palestine (page does not exist)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Taiwan" title="1997 in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in the British Indian Ocean Territory (page does not exist)">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Christmas_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Christmas Island (page does not exist)">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="1997 in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Macau" title="1997 in Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" 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