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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-B.E.1" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#B.E.1"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>B.E.1</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-B.E.1-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-B.E.2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#B.E.2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>B.E.2</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-B.E.2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-B.E.2a" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#B.E.2a"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>B.E.2a</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-B.E.2a-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-B.E.2b" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#B.E.2b"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>B.E.2b</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-B.E.2b-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-B.E.2c" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#B.E.2c"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>B.E.2c</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-B.E.2c-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-B.E.2d" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#B.E.2d"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>B.E.2d</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-B.E.2d-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-B.E.2e" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#B.E.2e"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>B.E.2e</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-B.E.2e-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operational_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operational_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Operational history</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operational_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Operational history subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Operational_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prewar_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prewar_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Prewar service</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prewar_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Western_Front" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Western_Front"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Western Front</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_Front-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Night_fighter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Night_fighter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Night fighter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Night_fighter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_fronts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_fronts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Other fronts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_fronts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airship_gondola" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airship_gondola"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Airship gondola</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airship_gondola-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-combat_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-combat_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Non-combat use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-combat_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-war_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-war_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Post-war use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-war_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Survivors_and_reproductions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Survivors_and_reproductions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Survivors and reproductions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Survivors_and_reproductions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variants_summary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variants_summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Variants summary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variants_summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Operators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specifications_(B.E.2c_–_RAF_1a_engine)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specifications_(B.E.2c_–_RAF_1a_engine)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Specifications (B.E.2c – RAF 1a engine)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Specifications_(B.E.2c_–_RAF_1a_engine)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" 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Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%DB%B2" title="بی‌ایی-۲ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بی‌ایی-۲" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/B.E.2_(%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A1)" title="B.E.2 (מטוס) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="B.E.2 (מטוס)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAF_B.E.2" title="RAF B.E.2 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="RAF B.E.2" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0.%D0%90.%D0%A4._BE_2c" title="Р.А.Ф. BE 2c – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Р.А.Ф. BE 2c" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1189769#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1912 military aircraft family by the Royal Aircraft Factory</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"B.E.2" and "B.E.1" redirect here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Be-1_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Be-1 (disambiguation)">Be-1 (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/BE2_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="BE2 (disambiguation)">BE2 (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248642317">.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-above{line-height:1.6em;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-header{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;line-height:23px;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-label{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-label{width:30%;padding-right:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-data{width:50%}}</style><table class="infobox ib-aircraft vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">B.E.2</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RAFBE2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/RAFBE2.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="161" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <div class="ib-aircraft-caption">B.E.2c</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Reconnaissance, light bomber, night fighter, trainer, coastal patrol aircraft</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_manufacturer" title="Aerospace manufacturer">Manufacturer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Aircraft Factory">Royal Aircraft Factory</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Vickers" title="Vickers">Vickers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Aeroplane_Company" title="Bristol Aeroplane Company">Bristol Aeroplane Company</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ruston_(engine_builder)#World_War_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruston (engine builder)">Ruston</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data"><div> <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_de_Havilland" title="Geoffrey de Havilland">Geoffrey de Havilland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Teshmaker_Busk" title="Edward Teshmaker Busk">E.T. Busk</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Primary users</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Flying_Corps" title="Royal Flying Corps">Royal Flying Corps</a>/<a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a><div> <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian Air Force"><i>Aviation Militaire Belge</i></a> <br /> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number built</th><td class="infobox-data">~ 3,500</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduction date</th><td class="infobox-data">1912 (RFC)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">1 February 1912</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Retired</th><td class="infobox-data">1919 (RAF)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Variants</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.9" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.9">Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.9</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.12" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.12">Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.12</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2</b> is a British single-engine <a href="/wiki/Tractor_configuration" title="Tractor configuration">tractor</a> two-seat <a href="/wiki/Biplane" title="Biplane">biplane</a>, designed and developed at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Aircraft Factory">Royal Aircraft Factory</a>. Most of the roughly 3,500 built were constructed under contract by private companies, including established aircraft manufacturers and firms new to aircraft construction. </p><p>Early versions entered squadron service with the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Flying_Corps" title="Royal Flying Corps">Royal Flying Corps</a> in 1912 and the type served throughout the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">First World War</a>. Initially used as a reconnaissance aircraft and light bomber, as a single-seat night fighter the type destroyed six German <a href="/wiki/Airships" class="mw-redirect" title="Airships">airships</a> between September and December 1916. </p><p>By late 1915, the B.E.2 was proving to be vulnerable to the recently introduced German <a href="/wiki/Fokker_Eindecker" class="mw-redirect" title="Fokker Eindecker">Fokker <i>Eindecker</i></a> fighters, leading to increased losses during the period known as the <a href="/wiki/Fokker_Scourge" title="Fokker Scourge">Fokker Scourge</a>. Although by now obsolete, it had to remain in front line service while replacement types were brought into service. Following its belated withdrawal from combat, the B.E. continued to serve in training, communications, and coastal anti-submarine patrol roles. </p><p>The B.E.2 became the subject of controversy. From the B.E.2c variant onward, it had been developed to be inherently stable, which was helpful for artillery observation and aerial photography duties. However this stability was achieved at the expense of manoeuvrability; moreover the observer, in the front seat ahead of the pilot, had a limited field of fire for his gun. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The B.E.2 was one of the first <a href="/wiki/Fixed-wing_aircraft" title="Fixed-wing aircraft">fixed-wing aircraft</a> to be designed at what was then called the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Establishment" title="Royal Aircraft Establishment">Royal Balloon Factory</a> (the organisation was formally renamed as the <i>Royal Aircraft Factory</i> on 26 April 1911).<sup id="cite_ref-Hare1-36_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare1-36-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team responsible for its design came under the direction of British engineer <a href="/wiki/Mervyn_O%27Gorman" title="Mervyn O'Gorman">Mervyn O'Gorman</a>, the factory's superintendent. The <i>B.E.2</i> designation was formulated in accordance with the system devised by O'Gorman, which classified aircraft by their layout: B.E. stood for "Blériot Experimental", and was used for aircraft of <a href="/wiki/Tractor_configuration" title="Tractor configuration">tractor configuration</a> (although in practice, all B.E. types were biplanes rather than the monoplanes typical of the <a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%A9riot_A%C3%A9ronautique" title="Blériot Aéronautique">Blériot company</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Hare1-35_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare1-35-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At first, the activities of the Factory were limited to <a href="/wiki/Aerodynamics" title="Aerodynamics">aeronautical</a> research and the design and construction of actual aircraft was not officially sanctioned. O'Gorman got around this restriction by using the factory's responsibility for the repair and maintenance of aircraft belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Flying_Corps" title="Royal Flying Corps">Royal Flying Corps</a>, so that existing aircraft needing major repairs were nominally "reconstructed" but often appeared as new designs, retaining few original components aside from the engine.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheesman1-46_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheesman1-46-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_3_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first pair of B.E. aircraft were flown within two months of each other and had the same basic design, the work of <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_de_Havilland" title="Geoffrey de Havilland">Geoffrey de Havilland</a>, who was at the time both the chief designer and the test pilot at the Balloon Factory.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare1-31_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare1-31-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its first public appearance was in early January 1912.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_3_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the contemporary <a href="/wiki/Avro_500" title="Avro 500">Avro 500</a>, the B.E.2 helped to establish the tractor biplane as the dominant aircraft layout for a considerable time.<sup id="cite_ref-Gibbs76_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gibbs76-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="B.E.1">B.E.1</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: B.E.1"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.1_Silent_army_aeroplane.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.1_Silent_army_aeroplane.jpg/220px-Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.1_Silent_army_aeroplane.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.1_Silent_army_aeroplane.jpg/330px-Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.1_Silent_army_aeroplane.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.1_Silent_army_aeroplane.jpg/440px-Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.1_Silent_army_aeroplane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>B.E.1., originally captioned 'The Silent Army Aeroplane'. Note radiator between cabane struts.</figcaption></figure> <p>This was ostensibly a rebuild of a <a href="/wiki/Voisin_1907_biplane" title="Voisin 1907 biplane">Voisin pusher biplane</a>, powered by a 60 hp (45 kW) water-cooled <a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Motors" title="Wolseley Motors">Wolseley</a> engine; however, the B.E.1 used only the powerplant of the Voisin. </p><p>It was a two-bay <a href="/wiki/Tractor_configuration" title="Tractor configuration">tractor</a> biplane with parallel-chord unstaggered wings with rounded ends and used <a href="/wiki/Wing_warping" title="Wing warping">wing warping</a> for roll control. The wings were of unequal span with the upper wing's span being <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>36 ft <span class="frac">7<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in (11.163 m) and the lower <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">34 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in (10.655 m).<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-15_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-15-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Fuselage" title="Fuselage">fuselage</a> was a rectangular section fabric-covered wire-braced structure, with the pilot seated aft behind the wings, and the observer in front under the centre section. This arrangement allowed the aircraft to be flown "solo" without affecting the aircraft's <a href="/wiki/Centre_of_gravity" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre of gravity">centre of gravity</a>. Behind the pilot's position, a curved top decking extended aft to the tail, although the forward decking and cowling of later variants was not fitted at this stage.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce82-394_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce82-394-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tail surfaces consisted of a half-oval horizontal stabiliser with a split elevator mounted on top of the upper <a href="/wiki/Longerons" class="mw-redirect" title="Longerons">longerons</a> and an ovoid rudder hinged to the sternpost. There was no fixed vertical fin.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce82-394_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce82-394-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main undercarriage consisted of a pair of skids each carried on an inverted V-strut at their rear and a single raked strut at the front while an axle carrying the wheels was bound to the skids by <a href="/wiki/Bungee_cord" title="Bungee cord">bungee cords</a> and restrained by <a href="/wiki/Radius_rod" title="Radius rod">radius rods</a>. A similarly sprung tailskid was fitted, while the wings were protected by semicircular bows located beneath the lower wing tips. The radiator being mounted between the front pair of <a href="/wiki/Cabane_strut" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabane strut">cabane</a> struts<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce82-394_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce82-394-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was first flown by de Havilland on 4 December 1911.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-19_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-19-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but was not flown again until 27 December, following the substitution of a Claudel carburettor for the original Wolseley, which had allowed no throttle control. Other minor modifications were made over the following weeks: the undercarriage wheels were moved back 12 in (300 mm), the wings (which originally had no <a href="/wiki/Dihedral_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dihedral (aircraft)">dihedral</a>), were re-rigged to have 1° dihedral, and the propeller was cut down in an attempt to increase the engine speed.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-15_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-15-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, the Wolseley engine was replaced by a 60 hp (45 kW) air-cooled Renault which eliminated the need for a radiator.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-18_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-18-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The B.E.1 had a long career as a research aircraft: trialling many of the modifications made to later B.E.2 variants. By the time it was finally struck off charge in 1916 it resembled a contemporary B.E.2b. Among other equipment tested for the first time in this airframe was early <a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">radio</a> apparatus.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_4_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_4-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="B.E.2">B.E.2</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: B.E.2"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The B.E.2 was almost identical to the B.E.1, differing principally in being powered by a 60 hp (45 kW) air-cooled <a href="/wiki/V-8_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="V-8 engine">V-8</a> Renault and in having equal-span wings. Its number was not allocated as a separate type, but numbers allocated to early Royal Aircraft Factory aircraft were the constructor's numbers rather than type designations.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-23_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-23-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sometimes described as a "rebuild" of either a <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Boxkite" title="Bristol Boxkite">Bristol Boxkite</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Breguet_Type_IV" title="Breguet Type IV">Breguet</a>, it seems to have been the first aeroplane built at the factory without the subterfuge of being a "reconstruction".<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-23_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-23-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It first flew on 1 February 1912, again with de Havilland as the test pilot.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce82-344_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce82-344-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Renault proved a much more satisfactory powerplant than the Wolseley fitted to the B.E.1, and performance was further improved when a 70 hp (52 kW) model was fitted that May.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare1-138_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare1-138-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The B.E.2 flew extensively at the <a href="/wiki/1912_British_Military_Aeroplane_Competition" title="1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition">Military Aeroplane Competition</a> on <a href="/wiki/Salisbury_Plain" title="Salisbury Plain">Salisbury Plain</a> during August 1912. It was barred from competing officially as O'Gorman was one of the judges, but its performance was clearly superior to the other entrants and on 12 August 1912 it achieved a British altitude record of 10,560 ft (3,220 m) while being flown by de Havilland with <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sykes" title="Frederick Sykes">Major Sykes</a> as a passenger.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce54-394_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce54-394-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_6_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_6-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other prototypes of the production B.E.2 series were produced, including the <i>B.E.5</i> and the <i>B.E.6</i>. These mainly differed in the powerplant, initially an ENV liquid cooled engine, and both were eventually fitted with 70 hp (52 kW) Renaults, becoming effectively standard B.E.2.s<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-35-37_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-35-37-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="B.E.2a">B.E.2a</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: B.E.2a"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B.E.2_Early_production.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/B.E.2_Early_production.jpg/220px-B.E.2_Early_production.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/B.E.2_Early_production.jpg/330px-B.E.2_Early_production.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/B.E.2_Early_production.jpg/440px-B.E.2_Early_production.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="423" /></a><figcaption>Early production B.E.2a lacking decking between cockpits and with unequal span wings</figcaption></figure> <p>The designation B.E.2a was assigned to the first production aircraft having first appeared on a drawing showing an aircraft with unequal span wings with slight dihedral dated 20 February 1912.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_6_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_6-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These differed from the B.E.1 and B.E.2 in possessing a revised fuel system, in which the streamlined <a href="/wiki/Fuel_pump_(engine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuel pump (engine)">gravity tank</a> below the centre section of the wing was moved to behind the engine although the main fuel tank remained under the observer's seat.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-40-42_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-40-42-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Aircraft_Factory_BE2_captured.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_BE2_captured.jpg/220px-Royal_Aircraft_Factory_BE2_captured.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_BE2_captured.jpg/330px-Royal_Aircraft_Factory_BE2_captured.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_BE2_captured.jpg/440px-Royal_Aircraft_Factory_BE2_captured.jpg 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="376" /></a><figcaption>B.E.2a in France in 1915 with Union Jack national insignia used before roundels became standard</figcaption></figure> <p>Early production aircraft had unequal span wings, similar to those fitted on the B.E.1, and at first there was no decking between the pilot and observer's seats, although this was added later. Sandbag loading tests revealed that the safety margin of the rear spar was somewhat less than that of the front; to remedy this, a revised wing was designed with a deeper rear spar, and consequently a different aerofoil section. Later production aircraft also had equal-span wings. These modifications were retrofitted to the majority of the remaining earlier production aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-40-42_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-40-42-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first production order was placed with British manufacturing conglomerate <a href="/wiki/Vickers" title="Vickers">Vickers</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-40_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-40-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> shortly afterwards a second order was issued to the <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Aeroplane_Company" title="Bristol Aeroplane Company">Bristol Aeroplane Company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare1-55_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare1-55-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first contractor-built B.E.2as appeared during the first weeks of 1913; during February of that year, at least two such aeroplanes were delivered to <a href="/wiki/No._2_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 2 Squadron RAF">No.2 Squadron</a> of the Royal Flying Corps. These were possibly the first examples of the type to enter service.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_6_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_6-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="B.E.2b">B.E.2b</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: B.E.2b"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The B.E.2b which followed the original production standard benefitted from various improvements. It had a revised cockpit coamings, which gave better protection from the elements, and revised controls to both the <a href="/wiki/Elevator_(aeronautics)" title="Elevator (aeronautics)">elevator</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rudder" title="Rudder">rudder</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_8_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_8-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some aircraft ordered as B.E.2bs were completed as B.E.2cs, and others were built with some of the B.E.2c modifications, such as sump cowlings and "V" undercarriages.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheesman1-46_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheesman1-46-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the outbreak of war, these early B.E.2s formed part of the equipment of the first three squadrons of the RFC to be sent to France. A B.E.2a of No.2 Squadron was the first aircraft of the Royal Flying Corps to arrive in France after the start of the First World War, on 26 August 1914.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheesman1-46_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheesman1-46-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="B.E.2c">B.E.2c</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: B.E.2c"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Early_B.E.2c.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Early_B.E.2c.jpg/220px-Early_B.E.2c.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Early_B.E.2c.jpg/330px-Early_B.E.2c.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Early_B.E.2c.jpg/440px-Early_B.E.2c.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2124" data-file-height="1038" /></a><figcaption>Early Renault-powered B.E.2c, with skid undercarriage, and lacking sump cowling and upper wing cut-out</figcaption></figure> <p>The B.E.2c was a major redesign, and was the result of research by <a href="/wiki/Edward_Teshmaker_Busk" title="Edward Teshmaker Busk">E.T. Busk</a> which aimed to provide an inherently stable aeroplane. This allowed the crew's full attention to be devoted to reconnaissance duties and was also desirable for safety reasons. The first example, a converted B.E.2b, flew on 30 May 1914 and the type went into squadron service just before the outbreak of war.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare_p147-8_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare_p147-8-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Relatively large orders were placed for the new version, with deliveries of production aircraft starting in December 1914. During 1915, this model replaced the early B.E.2s in the squadrons in France.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce_RFC_p355-7_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce_RFC_p355-7-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The B.E.2c used the same fuselage as the B.E.2b, but was otherwise really a new type, being fitted with new staggered wings of different planform, while <a href="/wiki/Ailerons" class="mw-redirect" title="Ailerons">ailerons</a> replaced the wing warping used on earlier models. The tailplane was also new, and a triangular fin was fitted to the rudder.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare_p147-8_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare_p147-8-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Operational_B.E.2c.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Operational_B.E.2c.jpg/220px-Operational_B.E.2c.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Operational_B.E.2c.jpg/330px-Operational_B.E.2c.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Operational_B.E.2c.jpg/440px-Operational_B.E.2c.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2052" data-file-height="948" /></a><figcaption>Operational B.E.2c with RAF 1a engine, "V" undercarriage, streamlined sump cowl, and upper wing cut-out</figcaption></figure> <p>After the first few aircraft, production machines were powered by a development of the Renault engine, the <a href="/wiki/RAF_1" title="RAF 1">RAF 1a</a>, and the twin skid undercarriage was replaced by a plain "V" undercarriage. A streamlined cowling covering the sump was fitted to improve streamlining. Exhausts were also modified with two vertical exhaust pipes (one for each cylinder bank) discharging above the upper wing.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare1_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="B.E.2d">B.E.2d</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: B.E.2d"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgian_B.E.2d.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/40/Belgian_B.E.2d.jpg/220px-Belgian_B.E.2d.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/40/Belgian_B.E.2d.jpg/330px-Belgian_B.E.2d.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/40/Belgian_B.E.2d.jpg/440px-Belgian_B.E.2d.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2124" data-file-height="1050" /></a><figcaption>Hispano powered Belgian B.E.2d with synchronised Vickers gun and gun ring</figcaption></figure> <p>The B.E.2d was a dual control version of the "c" variant and was provided with full controls in the front cockpit as well as in the rear.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-112_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-112-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This meant that there was no room for the fuel tank under the observer's seat; instead a centre section gravity tank was fitted. To ensure adequate endurance this tank was large, adding drag that reduced performance, particularly in the climb.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-112_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-112-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most B.E.2ds were used as trainers, where their dual controls and five-hour endurance were of benefit.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>B.E.2ds supplied to Belgium were not only re-engined with Hispano engines, but at least some of them had the pilot and observer's seating positions reversed, giving the latter a much better field of fire. Some Belgian B.E.2cs were similarly modified, and at least one was fitted with a <a href="/wiki/Scarff_ring" title="Scarff ring">Scarff ring</a> on the rear cockpit.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare3_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare3-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="B.E.2e">B.E.2e</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: B.E.2e"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A05022MurphyWrigley1919.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/A05022MurphyWrigley1919.jpg/220px-A05022MurphyWrigley1919.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/A05022MurphyWrigley1919.jpg/330px-A05022MurphyWrigley1919.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/A05022MurphyWrigley1919.jpg/440px-A05022MurphyWrigley1919.jpg 2x" data-file-width="449" data-file-height="273" /></a><figcaption>B.E.2e with single bay wings and large overhang</figcaption></figure> <p>During 1916, the B.E.2cs began to be superseded by the B.E.2e. This variant had new <a href="/wiki/Sesquiplane" class="mw-redirect" title="Sesquiplane">sesquiplane</a> wings, similar to those used on the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_R.E.8" title="Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8">Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8</a>, which were braced by a single pair of interplane struts per side as a "single-bay" biplane, and with the lower wing panels having a much reduced span. Ailerons were fitted to upper and lower wings and were joined by connecting rods. The horizontal tail was also new, replacing the semicircular unit of the B.E.2c and d with an angular unit with straight leading and trailing edges and angled tips, while the large curved fin and the rudder of the late B.E.2c was retained.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-114-115_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-114-115-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was intended to fit the new, uprated RAF 1b but this engine did not achieve production status, and the B.E.2e used the same engine as its predecessor, considerably reducing the expected improvement in performance.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-115_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-115-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>B.E.2c and B.E.2d aircraft still under construction when the new model entered production were completed with B.E.2e wings. To rationalise the supply of spare parts these aircraft were officially designated as the "B.E.2f" and "B.E.2g".<sup id="cite_ref-Cheesman1-50_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheesman1-50-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>About 3,500 B.E.2s were built by over 20 different manufacturers. An exact breakdown between the different models has never been produced, if only because so many B.E.2s were completed as later models than originally ordered.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare2-155-156_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare2-155-156-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.9" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.9">B.E.9</a></i> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.12" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.12">B.E.12</a></i> were variants developed to provide the B.E.2 with an effective forward-firing armament. The B.E.12 (a single-seater) went into production and saw squadron service, mainly as a Zeppelin interceptor, however neither variant was ultimately a great success as both designs had been superseded by the time they were completed.<sup id="cite_ref-Penrose115_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Penrose115-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hare1-182-189_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare1-182-189-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_history">Operational history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Operational history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prewar_service">Prewar service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Prewar service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the pre-war period, those B.E.2s that had reached service were primarily flown by <a href="/wiki/No_2_Squadron_RAF" class="mw-redirect" title="No 2 Squadron RAF">No 2</a>, <a href="/wiki/No_4_Squadron_RAF" class="mw-redirect" title="No 4 Squadron RAF">No 4</a> and <a href="/wiki/No_6_Squadron_RAF" class="mw-redirect" title="No 6 Squadron RAF">No 6 Squadrons</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_7_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_7-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who rapidly accumulated an unusually high number of flight hours on the type. Aviation author J.M. Bruce has commented that during this time, compared with their contemporaries, the early B.E.2s demonstrated a high standard of serviceability and reliability: as borne out by the squadrons' maintenance records.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_7_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_7-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During this time, multiple long-distance flights were conducted using individual B.E.2s, especially by personnel of No. 2. Squadron.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_7_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_7-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 22 May 1913, Captain Longcroft flew his aircraft from <a href="/wiki/Farnborough_Airport" title="Farnborough Airport">Farnborough Airport</a> to <a href="/wiki/RAF_Montrose" title="RAF Montrose">Montrose Aerodrome</a>, covering the 550 mile distance in ten hours, 55 minutes, with two intermediary stops. On 19 August 1913, Longcroft repeated this trip using a B.E.2 outfitted with an additional fuel tank, lowering the journey time to seven hours, 40 minutes with only one stop midway.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_7_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_7-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A good deal of experimental flying was undertaken during this period, influencing later fuel system and undercarriage design as well as structural strengthening and aerodynamic changes.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_7-8_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_7-8-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Western_Front">Western Front</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Western Front"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RFC_aircraft_with_aerial_reconnaissance_camera.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/RFC_aircraft_with_aerial_reconnaissance_camera.jpg/220px-RFC_aircraft_with_aerial_reconnaissance_camera.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/RFC_aircraft_with_aerial_reconnaissance_camera.jpg/330px-RFC_aircraft_with_aerial_reconnaissance_camera.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/RFC_aircraft_with_aerial_reconnaissance_camera.jpg/440px-RFC_aircraft_with_aerial_reconnaissance_camera.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="576" /></a><figcaption>An aerial reconnaissance camera of 1916 as operated by the pilot of a B.E.2c</figcaption></figure> <p>The early models of the B.E. 2 had already served in the RFC for two years prior to the outbreak of the Great War, and were among the aircraft that arrived with the British Expeditionary Force in France during 1914. Like all service aircraft of this period, they had been designed at a time when the qualities required by a warplane were largely a matter for conjecture and speculation, in the absence of any actual experience of the use of aircraft in warfare: at this stage all the combatants were still feeling their way and aerial combat, especially the need for reconnaissance aircraft to be able to defend themselves, was not widely anticipated. As a result, the B.E.2 was originally designed without any provision for armament.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_10_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_10-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the absence of any official policy regarding armament, more aggressive crews improvised their own.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_9-10_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_9-10-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While some flew entirely unarmed, or perhaps carried service revolvers or automatic pistols, others armed themselves with hand-wielded <a href="/wiki/Rifle" title="Rifle">rifles</a> or <a href="/wiki/Carbine" title="Carbine">carbines</a> as used by ground troops, or even fitted a Lewis gun. The performance of the early Renault powered models of the B.E. was degraded by any additional weight, and in any case the carriage of this weaponry proved of questionable effectiveness.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_10_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_10-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was still necessary for the observer to be located over the centre of gravity, in front of the pilot, to ensure fore and aft balance when the aircraft was flown "solo". In this awkward position, his view was poor, and the degree to which he could handle a camera (or, later, a gun) was hampered by the struts and wires supporting the centre section of the top wing. In practice, the pilot of a B.E.2 almost always operated the camera, and the observer, when he was armed at all, had a rather poor field of fire to the rear, having, at best, to shoot back over his pilot's head.<sup id="cite_ref-Woodman61_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Woodman61-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whenever bombs were to be carried, or maximum endurance was required, the observer would normally have to be left behind.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheesman1-46_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheesman1-46-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nonetheless, the B.E.2s were already in use as light bombers as well as for visual reconnaissance; an attack on Courtrai Railway station on 26 April 1915 earning a posthumous <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">Victoria Cross</a> for <a href="/wiki/William_Barnard_Rhodes-Moorhouse" title="William Barnard Rhodes-Moorhouse">2nd Lt. William Rhodes-Moorhouse</a>, the first such award to be made for an aerial operation.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheesman1-46_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheesman1-46-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_9_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_9-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By this time, prewar aircraft were already disappearing from RFC service. </p><p>The type that replaced the B.E.2a and B.E.2b (as well as the assortment of other types in use at the time) in the reconnaissance squadrons of the RFC in 1915 was the B.E.2c, which had also been designed before the war. The most important difference in the new model was an improvement in stability – a genuinely useful characteristic, especially in aerial photographic work, using the primitive plate <a href="/wiki/Camera" title="Camera">cameras</a> of the time, with their relatively long exposures. Unfortunately, in this case the stability was coupled with "heavy" controls and relatively poor manoeuvrability. A suitable engine was not available in sufficient quantities to replace the air-cooled Renault – the <a href="/wiki/RAF_1" title="RAF 1">RAF 1a</a> being essentially an uprated version of the French engine – so that the improvement in the B.E.2c's performance was less than startling.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheesman1-46_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheesman1-46-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fokker_M5K-MG_E5-15.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Fokker_M5K-MG_E5-15.jpg/220px-Fokker_M5K-MG_E5-15.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Fokker_M5K-MG_E5-15.jpg/330px-Fokker_M5K-MG_E5-15.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Fokker_M5K-MG_E5-15.jpg/440px-Fokker_M5K-MG_E5-15.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1950" data-file-height="778" /></a><figcaption>The Fokker Eindecker was the nemesis of the B.E.2 in 1915/early 1916</figcaption></figure> <p>The vulnerability of the B.E.2c to fighter attack became plain in late 1915, with <a href="/wiki/Fokker_Scourge" title="Fokker Scourge">the advent of the</a> <a href="/wiki/Fokker_Eindecker" class="mw-redirect" title="Fokker Eindecker">Fokker <i>Eindecker</i></a>. This led the British press to disparagingly refer to the aircraft as being "Fokker Fodder", while German pilots also gave it the nickname of <i>kaltes Fleisch</i> ("cold meat"). British <a href="/wiki/Flying_ace" title="Flying ace">ace</a> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Ball" title="Albert Ball">Albert Ball</a> described the B.E.2c as "a bloody awful aeroplane". Unable to cope with such a primitive fighter as the <a href="/wiki/Fokker_E.I" title="Fokker E.I">Fokker E.I</a>, it was virtually helpless against the newer German fighters of 1916–17. The aircraft's poor performance against the Fokker and the failure to improve the aircraft or replace it caused great controversy in England, with <a href="/wiki/Noel_Pemberton_Billing" title="Noel Pemberton Billing">Noel Pemberton Billing</a> attacking the B.E.2c and the Royal Aircraft Factory in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> on 21 March 1916, claiming that RFC pilots in France were being "rather murdered than killed".<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce_pt_II_p_478_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce_pt_II_p_478-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This agitation prompted the setting up of two enquiries; one into the management of the Royal Aircraft Factory, and another into the high command of the Royal Flying Corps, the latter of which being headed by a <a href="/wiki/Judge" title="Judge">judge</a>. These reports largely cleared both Factory management and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Royal_Flying_Corps_generals" title="List of Royal Flying Corps generals">RFC commanders</a> responsible for ordering the B.E.2, but Mervyn O'Gorman was effectively dismissed as supervisor of the Factory by a "sideways promotion", while many of the most talented individuals amongst the factory's designers and engineers followed de Havilland into private industry.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce_pt_II_p_478_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce_pt_II_p_478-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Once the threat from the Fokker monoplanes had been effectively contained by the introduction of a new generation of Allied fighters, such as the <a href="/wiki/Airco_D.H.2" class="mw-redirect" title="Airco D.H.2">Airco D.H.2</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nieuport_11" title="Nieuport 11">Nieuport 11</a>, the rate of B.E.2c losses over the <a href="/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Western Front (World War I)">Western Front</a> dropped to an acceptable level; official records indicate that during the second quarter of 1916, the B.E.2 actually had the lowest loss rates of all the major types then in use by the service.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce_RFC_p360-1_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce_RFC_p360-1-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Encouraged by this, the RFC took delivery of large numbers of the BE.2e, which promised improved performance, and combined the stability of the B.E.2c with rather "lighter" controls (which held the promise of better manoeuvrability).<sup id="cite_ref-Hare1-160_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare1-160-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the spring of 1917, however, conditions on the Western Front had changed again; the German fighter squadrons having been re-equipped with better fighters, especially the <a href="/wiki/Albatros_D.III" title="Albatros D.III">Albatros D.III</a>. It had been planned that by this time B.E.2s in front-line service would have been replaced by newer aircraft, such as the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_R.E.8" title="Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8">Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8</a> and <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Whitworth_F.K.8" title="Armstrong Whitworth F.K.8">Armstrong Whitworth F.K.8</a>, but delivery of these types was initially slower than hoped. This situation culminated in what became known as "<a href="/wiki/Bloody_April" title="Bloody April">Bloody April</a>", with the RFC losing 60 B.E.2s during that month.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce_RFC_p365-8_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce_RFC_p365-8-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An incident illustrating both the poor level of piloting skills with which new RFC pilots were sent to France in 1917 and the level of popularity of the B.E.2e on the Western Front at that time is recorded by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Gould_Lee" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Gould Lee">Arthur Gould Lee</a>, then a young RFC novice, in his book <i>No Parachute</i>. On 19 May 1917, six pilots, newly arrived in France and still to be allocated to a squadron, were each given a new B.E.2e to ferry between RFC depots at <a href="/wiki/Saint-Omer" title="Saint-Omer">St Omer</a> and Candas. One crashed in transit, three crashed on landing and one went missing (the pilot was killed). Lee, the pilot of the only aircraft to arrive safely, wrote in a letter to his wife: </p> <dl><dd><i>I felt rather a cad not crashing too because everyone is glad to see death-traps like Quirks written off, especially new ones.</i><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>Fortunately, by this time, the B.E.2e was already being rapidly replaced on the Western Front by later types, but this was from several points of view more than a year too late.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheesman1-50_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheesman1-50-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Night_fighter">Night fighter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Night fighter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As early as 1915, the B.E.2c entered service as a pioneer <a href="/wiki/Night_fighter" title="Night fighter">night fighter</a>, being used in attempts to intercept and destroy the German <a href="/wiki/Airship" title="Airship">airship</a> raiders. The interceptor version of the B.E.2c was flown as a single-seater, outfitted with an auxiliary fuel tank on the centre of gravity in the position of the observer's seat. </p><p>Among other projected weapons intended to attack airships from above, including <a href="/wiki/Ranken_dart" title="Ranken dart">Ranken darts</a> and small <a href="/wiki/Incendiary_bomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Incendiary bomb">incendiary bombs</a>, was the <i>Fiery Grapnel</i>. Developed at the Royal Aircraft Factory, the grapnel consisted of a two-inch long hollow <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a> shaft packed with an explosive charge and fitted with a sharp four-sided nose and metal plates that acted as fins; this would have been attached to a winch-mounted cable and carried by a single B.E.2.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_12_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_12-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was intended for the fighter to approach a Zeppelin from above, after which the grapnel would be dropped and appropriate manoeuvring employed to strike the surface of the Zeppelin with it: it then would bury itself and explode, causing ignition of the airship's hydrogen gas. </p><p>A simpler and much more practical solution proved to be to attack from below, using a <a href="/wiki/Lewis_gun" title="Lewis gun">Lewis gun</a> firing a mixture of explosive and <a href="/wiki/Incendiary_ammunition" title="Incendiary ammunition">incendiary ammunition</a> at an upwards angle of 45°.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce68-15-18_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce68-15-18-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The new tactic proved to be highly effective. On the night of 2–3 September 1916, a single B.E.2c was credited with the downing of <a href="/wiki/SL_11" class="mw-redirect" title="SL 11">SL 11</a>, the first German airship to be shot down over Britain after over a year of night raids.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This feat led to the pilot, Captain <a href="/wiki/Leefe_Robinson" title="Leefe Robinson">William Leefe Robinson</a>, being awarded a Victoria Cross and various cash prizes, totalling up to £3,500, that had been put up by a number of individuals.<sup id="cite_ref-Penrose172-174_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Penrose172-174-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This was not an isolated victory; five more German airships were destroyed by Home Defence B.E.2c interceptors between October and December 1916.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce68-15-18_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce68-15-18-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a consequence of these losses, the German Army's airship fleet ceased raids over England: German naval airship raiders of 1917 flew at higher altitudes to avoid interception, reducing their effectiveness. Daylight raids by heavier-than-air bombers were also planned.<sup id="cite_ref-Robinson71-204-209_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Robinson71-204-209-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The performance of the B.E.2 was inadequate to intercept airships flying at 15,000 feet much less the <a href="/wiki/Gotha_G.IV" title="Gotha G.IV">Gotha</a> bombers that emerged during 1917, and its career as an effective home defence fighter was over. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_fronts">Other fronts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Other fronts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While the majority of operational B.E.2s served on the Western Front, the type also saw limited use in other overseas theatres.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_12_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_12-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At least one pair of B.E.2s were among the aircraft dispatched with <a href="/wiki/No_3_Squadron_RAF" class="mw-redirect" title="No 3 Squadron RAF">No 3 Squadron</a> for use in the <a href="/wiki/Gallipoli_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallipoli Campaign">Gallipoli Campaign</a>. They were used to <a href="/wiki/Artillery_spotting" class="mw-redirect" title="Artillery spotting">spot</a> in support of <a href="/wiki/Naval_gunfire_support" title="Naval gunfire support">naval bombardments</a>, as well as being occasionally used to directly bomb ships and other targets.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_9-12_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_9-12-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As early as 1914, some B.E.2as went to Australia, where they served as trainer aircraft for the nascent <a href="/wiki/Australian_Flying_Corps" title="Australian Flying Corps">Australian Flying Corps</a> at <a href="/wiki/Point_Cook,_Victoria" title="Point Cook, Victoria">Point Cook, Victoria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_12_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_12-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a similar fashion, the type also was adopted at the Indian Flying School at <a href="/wiki/Sitapur" title="Sitapur">Sitapur</a>. At least one B.E.2 was dispatched to <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> to reinforce friendly forces fighting in the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Mediterranean" title="Eastern Mediterranean">Eastern Mediterranean</a>; on 16 April 1915, this aircraft participated in the bombing of El Murra.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_12_48-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_12-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A BE2e was lost in aerial combat over <a href="/wiki/Salonika" class="mw-redirect" title="Salonika">Salonika</a> on 3 October 1917: the British pilot and observer were both killed and were buried by "The Bulgurs" with full military honours. Both were reinterred in <a href="/wiki/Struma_(village)" title="Struma (village)">Struma</a> military cemetery.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airship_gondola">Airship gondola</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Airship gondola"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aviation_in_Britain_Before_the_First_World_War_RAE-O809.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Aviation_in_Britain_Before_the_First_World_War_RAE-O809.jpg/220px-Aviation_in_Britain_Before_the_First_World_War_RAE-O809.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Aviation_in_Britain_Before_the_First_World_War_RAE-O809.jpg/330px-Aviation_in_Britain_Before_the_First_World_War_RAE-O809.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Aviation_in_Britain_Before_the_First_World_War_RAE-O809.jpg/440px-Aviation_in_Britain_Before_the_First_World_War_RAE-O809.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="438" /></a><figcaption>An SS class airship using a B.E.2 fuselage as a gondola</figcaption></figure> <p>A number of B.E.2 fuselages were employed as makeshift <a href="/wiki/Airship#Gondola" title="Airship">gondolas</a> for the hastily designed <a href="/wiki/SS_class_airship" title="SS class airship">SS class</a> "<a href="/wiki/Blimp" title="Blimp">blimps</a>", which were introduced into service by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Naval_Air_Service" title="Royal Naval Air Service">Royal Naval Air Service</a> for <a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-submarine">anti-submarine</a> duties during March 1915. Later classes featured purpose-built gondolas.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-combat_use">Non-combat use</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Non-combat use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1917 onwards, the B.E.2 was generally withdrawn from both the front line and night fighter use.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_10_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_10-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The surviving examples continued in use for <a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">submarine</a> spotting and as <a href="/wiki/Trainer_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trainer (aircraft)">trainers</a> throughout the rest of the conflict. In spite of the type's rather unresponsive controls, it was capable of executing comprehensive (if somewhat stately) aerobatics, and was by no means a bad trainer.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 19 February 1917, a B.E.2c was used to conduct the British Army's first <a href="/wiki/Air_medical_services#Military" title="Air medical services">aeromedical evacuation</a> when it flew out the sole casualty of the <a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Bir_el_Hassana#Aeromedical_evacuation" title="Raid on Bir el Hassana">raid on Bir el Hassana</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Sinai_Peninsula" title="Sinai Peninsula">Sinai Peninsula</a>. The man had a shattered ankle, and the 45-minute flight in the observer's seat spared him an agonizing multi-day journey by camel.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_aircraft_factory_BE2c_at_the_Imperial_War_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Royal_aircraft_factory_BE2c_at_the_Imperial_War_Museum.jpg/220px-Royal_aircraft_factory_BE2c_at_the_Imperial_War_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Royal_aircraft_factory_BE2c_at_the_Imperial_War_Museum.jpg/330px-Royal_aircraft_factory_BE2c_at_the_Imperial_War_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Royal_aircraft_factory_BE2c_at_the_Imperial_War_Museum.jpg/440px-Royal_aircraft_factory_BE2c_at_the_Imperial_War_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2396" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>A B.E.2c at the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_War_Museum" title="Imperial War Museum">Imperial War Museum</a> in London</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-war_use">Post-war use</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Post-war use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A B.E.2e was used to conduct the first flight across Australia, flying from <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> to <a href="/wiki/Port_Darwin" title="Port Darwin">Port Darwin</a>. It was piloted by Captain <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wrigley" title="Henry Wrigley">H. N. Wrigley</a>, accompanied by Sergeant <a href="/wiki/Arthur_William_Murphy" title="Arthur William Murphy">A. W. Murphy</a>. The 2,500 mi (4,000 km) journey, made between 16 November and 12 December 1919, involved a combined 46 hours of flying time.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another B.E.2e was one of the first two aircraft (the other was an <a href="/wiki/Avro_504K" class="mw-redirect" title="Avro 504K">Avro 504K</a>) owned by the new Australian airline <a href="/wiki/Qantas" title="Qantas">Qantas</a> when it was founded in Queensland in 1920–1921.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Survivors_and_reproductions">Survivors and reproductions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Survivors and reproductions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Surviving restored aircraft and reproductions are on display at several museums, including the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_War_Museum" title="Imperial War Museum">Imperial War Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duxford" title="Duxford">Duxford</a>; the <a href="/wiki/RAF_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="RAF Museum">RAF Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hendon" title="Hendon">Hendon</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Aviation_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada Aviation Museum">Canada Aviation Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Air_et_de_l%27Espace" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace">Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Militaire_Luchtvaartmuseum" class="mw-redirect" title="Militaire Luchtvaartmuseum">Militaire Luchtvaartmuseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soesterberg" title="Soesterberg">Soesterberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>; <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Aviation_Museum" title="United States Army Aviation Museum">United States Army Aviation Museum</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Armed_Forces_Aircraft_Collection" title="Norwegian Armed Forces Aircraft Collection">Norwegian Armed Forces Aircraft Collection</a> at <a href="/wiki/Oslo_Airport,_Gardermoen" title="Oslo Airport, Gardermoen">Oslo Airport, Gardermoen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2C_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2C_02.JPG/220px-Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2C_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2C_02.JPG/330px-Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2C_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2C_02.JPG/440px-Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2C_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>B.E.2c in the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Aviation_and_Space_Museum" title="Canada Aviation and Space Museum">Canada Aviation and Space Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Replica_of_B.E.2a_No.471_at_Montrose_Air_Station_Heritage_Centre,_Angus,_Scotland.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Replica_of_B.E.2a_No.471_at_Montrose_Air_Station_Heritage_Centre%2C_Angus%2C_Scotland.jpg/220px-Replica_of_B.E.2a_No.471_at_Montrose_Air_Station_Heritage_Centre%2C_Angus%2C_Scotland.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Replica_of_B.E.2a_No.471_at_Montrose_Air_Station_Heritage_Centre%2C_Angus%2C_Scotland.jpg/330px-Replica_of_B.E.2a_No.471_at_Montrose_Air_Station_Heritage_Centre%2C_Angus%2C_Scotland.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Replica_of_B.E.2a_No.471_at_Montrose_Air_Station_Heritage_Centre%2C_Angus%2C_Scotland.jpg/440px-Replica_of_B.E.2a_No.471_at_Montrose_Air_Station_Heritage_Centre%2C_Angus%2C_Scotland.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3708" data-file-height="2474" /></a><figcaption>Replica of B.E.2a No.471 at <a href="/wiki/Montrose_Air_Station_Heritage_Centre" title="Montrose Air Station Heritage Centre">Montrose Air Station Heritage Centre</a>, Angus, Scotland</figcaption></figure> <p>B.E.2f serial A1325 has been restored to airworthiness by The Vintage Aviator Ltd in <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with an original RAF1A V8 engine, and made its debut at the Classic Fighters Omaka airshow in April 2009. TVAL has also built several airworthy reproductions including c and f models, two of which are currently in the UK on loan to the WW1 Aviation Heritage Trust, and a BE.12. </p><p>A flying B.E.2c replica (registered G-AWYI) was built by pilot and engineer Charles Boddington at Sywell, UK in 1969 for use in the film <i>Biggles Sweeps the Skies</i>. The production was cancelled, and Boddington was killed the following year in an air crash during filming of the movie <a href="/wiki/Von_Richthofen_and_Brown" title="Von Richthofen and Brown"><i>Von Richthofen & Brown</i></a>. The B.E.2c itself was badly damaged in a crash in the United States in 1977 but Boddington's son Matthew returned it to flying condition in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It flew with the <a href="/wiki/Great_War_Display_Team" title="Great War Display Team">Great War Display Team</a> but was destroyed in an accident on 2 September 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (February 2022)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The UK's latest non-flying reproduction was completed around 2008 at Boscombe Down, Wiltshire, and is now displayed with the <a href="/wiki/Boscombe_Down_Aviation_Collection" class="mw-redirect" title="Boscombe Down Aviation Collection">Boscombe Down Aviation Collection</a> at <a href="/wiki/Old_Sarum" title="Old Sarum">Old Sarum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A B.E.2a (an early variant with unequal span wings) was built from original plans and completed in February 2014. It is on display at the RAAF Museum, Point Cook, Victoria, Australia.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Volunteers at <a href="/wiki/Montrose_Air_Station_Heritage_Centre" title="Montrose Air Station Heritage Centre">Montrose Air Station Heritage Centre</a>, Angus, Scotland have built a full-size replica B.E.2a (No.471) from original plans and it is now on display. It has a precision-made replica <a href="/wiki/Renault_70_hp" title="Renault 70 hp">Renault 70 hp</a> engine.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The WW1 Aviation Heritage Trust has been operating a TVAL-built BE2e in England since 2014. It resides currently at Stow Maries Great War Aerodrome in Essex. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants_summary">Variants summary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Variants summary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>B.E.1</b>: Prototype – important pioneer tractor biplane. The first <b>B.E.2</b> was virtually identical, except for the engine originally installed. <ul><li><b>B.E.5</b>: Prototype, officially a rebuild of a Howard Wright biplane, powered by 60 hp (45 kW) ENV engine, otherwise similar to original B.E.2. First flight 27 June 1912. Rebuilt with Renault engine and effectively became a B.E.2.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare_p169_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare_p169-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>B.E.6</b>: Prototype, officially a rebuild of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_S.E.1" title="Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.1">Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.1</a>. First flown 5 September 1912, powered by a 60 hp (45 kW) ENV engine like the B.E.5, but refitted with Renault before delivery to RFC later that month, as a B.E.2.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare_p170-1_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare_p170-1-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><b>B.E.2a</b>: Initial production version of B.E.2. Built in small numbers from late 1912 – still a standard type at the outbreak of war in late 1914</li> <li><b>B.E.2b</b>: basically, the same as the "a" with higher sides to the cockpits; late examples (perhaps those completed after the B.E.2c went into production) used ailerons instead of wing warping and featured other "c" characteristics such as "V" undercarriages and engine sump cowlings.</li> <li><b>B.E.2c</b>: extensively redesigned to enhance stability, with a new tailplane and wings.</li> <li><b>B.E.2d</b>: essentially a "c" variant with dual controls, and a larger gravity fuel tank</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ZK-BFR_IMG_3379-Edit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/ZK-BFR_IMG_3379-Edit.jpg/220px-ZK-BFR_IMG_3379-Edit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/ZK-BFR_IMG_3379-Edit.jpg/330px-ZK-BFR_IMG_3379-Edit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/ZK-BFR_IMG_3379-Edit.jpg/440px-ZK-BFR_IMG_3379-Edit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="796" data-file-height="482" /></a><figcaption>B.E.2f A1325 at <a href="/wiki/Masterton" title="Masterton">Masterton</a>, New Zealand, 2009</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>B.E.2e</b>: the final version, with new single-bay wings. Expected to be a great improvement on the "c", it was a major disappointment.</li> <li><b>B.E.2f</b>: B.E.2c with B.E.2e wings.</li> <li><b>B.E.2g</b>: B.E.2d with B.E.2e wings.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.9" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.9">B.E.9</a></b>: B.E.2c with a wooden box (called a "pulpit", somewhat like the French <a href="/wiki/SPAD_S.A" title="SPAD S.A">SPAD S.A</a>) in front of the propeller for an observer/gunner's seat. It remained a prototype only.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.12" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.12">B.E.12</a></b>: single-seat B.E.2c with a <a href="/wiki/Synchronization_gear" title="Synchronization gear">synchronised gun</a> and more powerful engine. The B.E.12a had B.E.2e wings.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operators">Operators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Flying_Corps" title="Australian Flying Corps">Australian Flying Corps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/No._1_Squadron_RAAF" title="No. 1 Squadron RAAF">No. 1 Squadron AFC</a> in <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine</a><sup id="cite_ref-adfsafc_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adfsafc-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._4_Squadron_RAAF" title="No. 4 Squadron RAAF">No. 4 Squadron AFC</a> operated a single B.E.2e for training<sup id="cite_ref-adfsafc_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adfsafc-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._7_Squadron_RAAF" title="No. 7 Squadron RAAF">No. 7 (Training) Squadron AFC</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a><sup id="cite_ref-adfsafc_68-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adfsafc-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamian_Half_Flight" title="Mesopotamian Half Flight">Mesopotamian Half Flight</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Flying_School_RAAF" title="Central Flying School RAAF">Central Flying School</a> at <a href="/wiki/Point_Cook,_Victoria" title="Point Cook, Victoria">Point Cook, Victoria</a><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian Air Force">Belgian Air Force</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Air_Force" title="Estonian Air Force">Estonian Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Navy" title="Hellenic Navy">Hellenic Navy</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Air_Force" title="Royal Netherlands Air Force">Royal Netherlands Air Force</a> operated a single aircraft only.</li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Army_Air_Service" title="Norwegian Army Air Service">Norwegian Army Air Service</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Red_Ensign_of_South_Africa_%281912%E2%80%931951%29.svg/23px-Red_Ensign_of_South_Africa_%281912%E2%80%931951%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Red_Ensign_of_South_Africa_%281912%E2%80%931951%29.svg/35px-Red_Ensign_of_South_Africa_%281912%E2%80%931951%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Red_Ensign_of_South_Africa_%281912%E2%80%931951%29.svg/46px-Red_Ensign_of_South_Africa_%281912%E2%80%931951%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></dt></dl> <ul><li>Union Defence Force / <a href="/wiki/South_African_Air_Force" title="South African Air Force">South African Air Force</a></li></ul> <dl><dd>Serial numbers <i>A3109</i> and <i>A3110</i> built by <a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Motors" title="Wolseley Motors">Wolseley Motors Limited</a> and nicknamed 'Rio de Janeiro Britons Nos. 1 & 2' were two of the first aircraft used by the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Air_Force" title="South African Air Force">South African Air Force</a></dd> <dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Royal_Flying_Corps" title="Royal Flying Corps">Royal Flying Corps</a> / <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a></dd></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/No._2_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 2 Squadron RAF">No. 2 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._3_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 3 Squadron RAF">No. 3 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._4_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 4 Squadron RAF">No. 4 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._5_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 5 Squadron RAF">No. 5 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._6_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 6 Squadron RAF">No. 6 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._7_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 7 Squadron RAF">No. 7 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._8_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 8 Squadron RAF">No. 8 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._9_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 9 Squadron RAF">No. 9 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._10_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 10 Squadron RAF">No. 10 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._12_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 12 Squadron RAF">No. 12 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._13_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 13 Squadron RAF">No. 13 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._14_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 14 Squadron RAF">No. 14 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._15_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 15 Squadron RAF">No. 15 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._16_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 16 Squadron RAF">No. 16 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._17_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 17 Squadron RAF">No. 17 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._19_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 19 Squadron RAF">No. 19 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._21_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 21 Squadron RAF">No. 21 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._22_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 22 Squadron RAF">No. 22 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._23_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 23 Squadron RAF">No. 23 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._24_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 24 Squadron RAF">No. 24 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._25_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 25 Squadron RAF">No. 25 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._26_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 26 Squadron RAF">No. 26 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._28_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 28 Squadron RAF">No. 28 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._29_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 29 Squadron RAF">No. 29 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._30_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 30 Squadron RAF">No. 30 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._31_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 31 Squadron RAF">No. 31 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._33_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 33 Squadron RAF">No. 33 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._34_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 34 Squadron RAF">No. 34 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._36_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 36 Squadron RAF">No. 36 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._37_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 37 Squadron RAF">No. 37 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._38_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 38 Squadron RAF">No. 38 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._39_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 39 Squadron RAF">No. 39 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._42_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 42 Squadron RAF">No. 42 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._43_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 43 Squadron RAF">No. 43 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._46_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 46 Squadron RAF">No. 46 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._47_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 47 Squadron RAF">No. 47 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._49_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 49 Squadron RAF">No. 49 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._50_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 50 Squadron RAF">No. 50 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._51_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 51 Squadron RAF">No. 51 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._52_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 52 Squadron RAF">No. 52 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._53_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 53 Squadron RAF">No. 53 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._54_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 54 Squadron RAF">No. 54 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._55_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 55 Squadron RAF">No. 55 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._57_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 57 Squadron RAF">No. 57 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._58_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 58 Squadron RAF">No. 58 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._62_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 62 Squadron RAF">No. 62 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._63_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 63 Squadron RAF">No. 63 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._66_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 66 Squadron RAF">No. 66 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._67_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 67 Squadron RAF">No. 67 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._75_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 75 Squadron RAF">No. 75 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._76_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 76 Squadron RAF">No. 76 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._77_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 77 Squadron RAF">No. 77 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._78_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 78 Squadron RAF">No. 78 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._82_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 82 Squadron RAF">No. 82 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._91_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 91 Squadron RAF">No. 91 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._96_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 96 Squadron RAF">No. 96 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._98_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 98 Squadron RAF">No. 98 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._99_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 99 Squadron RAF">No. 99 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._100_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 100 Squadron RAF">No. 100 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._105_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 105 Squadron RAF">No. 105 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._110_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 110 Squadron RAF">No. 110 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._113_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 113 Squadron RAF">No. 113 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._114_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 114 Squadron RAF">No. 114 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._141_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 141 Squadron RAF">No. 141 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._142_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 142 Squadron RAF">No. 142 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._144_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 144 Squadron RAF">No. 144 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._187_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 187 Squadron RAF">No. 187 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._189_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 189 Squadron RAF">No. 189 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._190_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 190 Squadron RAF">No. 190 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._191_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 191 Squadron RAF">No. 191 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._269_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 269 Squadron RAF">No. 269 Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._273_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 273 Squadron RAF">No. 273 Squadron</a></li></ul> </div> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Royal_Naval_Air_Service" title="Royal Naval Air Service">Royal Naval Air Service</a></dd></dl> <ul><li><ul><li>No. 1 Wing (Dunkirk)</li> <li>No. 2 Wing (Imbros and Mudros)</li> <li>No. 3 Wing (Imbros and Tenedos)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._207_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 207 Squadron RAF">No. 7 (Naval) Squadron</a> (East Africa)</li> <li>Coastal Air Stations at <a href="/wiki/Eastbourne" title="Eastbourne">Eastbourne</a>, Hornsea, <a href="/wiki/Great_Yarmouth" title="Great Yarmouth">Great Yarmouth</a>, Port Victoria, <a href="/wiki/Redcar_Aerodrome" title="Redcar Aerodrome">Redcar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scarborough,_North_Yorkshire" title="Scarborough, North Yorkshire">Scarborough</a></li> <li>Training schools at Chingford and Cranwell</li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Expeditionary_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="American Expeditionary Force">American Expeditionary Force</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications_(B.E.2c_–_RAF_1a_engine)"><span id="Specifications_.28B.E.2c_.E2.80.93_RAF_1a_engine.29"></span>Specifications (B.E.2c – RAF 1a engine)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Specifications (B.E.2c – RAF 1a engine)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:R.A.F._BE.2C_drawing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/R.A.F._BE.2C_drawing.jpg/220px-R.A.F._BE.2C_drawing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/R.A.F._BE.2C_drawing.jpg/330px-R.A.F._BE.2C_drawing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/R.A.F._BE.2C_drawing.jpg/440px-R.A.F._BE.2C_drawing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="961" data-file-height="1089" /></a><figcaption>R.A.F. B.E.2c drawing</figcaption></figure> <p style="font-size: 90%; margin:0;"><i>Data from</i> British Aeroplanes 1914–18,<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce_British_p368-0_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce_British_p368-0-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The B.E.2, 2a and 2b<sup id="cite_ref-Bruce66_12_48-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruce66_12-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>General characteristics</b></span> </p><ul><li><b>Crew:</b> Two</li> <li><b>Length:</b> 27 ft 3 in (8.31 m)</li> <li><b>Wingspan:</b> 37 ft 0 in (11.28 m)</li> <li><b>Height:</b> 11 ft 1.5 in (3.391 m)</li> <li><b>Wing area:</b> 371 sq ft (34.5 m<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li><b>Empty weight:</b> 1,370 lb (621 kg)</li> <li><b>Gross weight:</b> 2,350 lb (1,066 kg)</li> <li><b>Powerplant:</b> 1 × <a href="/wiki/RAF_1a" class="mw-redirect" title="RAF 1a">RAF 1a</a> V-8 air-cooled piston engine, 90 hp (67 kW)</li> <li><b>Propellers:</b> 4-bladed wooden fixed-pitch propeller</li></ul> <p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Performance</b></span> </p> <ul><li><b>Maximum speed:</b> 72 mph (116 km/h, 63 kn) at 6,500 ft (2,000 m)</li> <li><b>Endurance:</b> 3 hours 15 minutes</li> <li><b>Service ceiling:</b> 10,000 ft (3,000 m)</li> <li><b>Time to altitude:</b> <br /></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>3,500 ft (1,100 m) in 6 minutes 30 seconds</li> <li>10,000 ft (3,000 m) in 45 minutes 15 seconds</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Wing loading:</b> 6.3 lb/sq ft (31 kg/m<sup>2</sup>)</li></ul> <p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Armament</b></span><br /> </p> <ul><li><b>Guns:</b> Normally 1 × .303 in (7.7 mm) <a href="/wiki/Lewis_gun" title="Lewis gun">Lewis gun</a> for observer, sometimes several.</li> <li><b>Bombs:</b> 224 lb (102 kg) of bombs (with full bomb load it was usually flown as a single-seater as unarmed)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p> <b>Related development</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.9" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.9">B.E.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.12" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.12">B.E.12</a></li></ul> <p><b>Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviatik_B.I" title="Aviatik B.I">Aviatik B.I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albatros_B.I" title="Albatros B.I">Albatros B.I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LVG_B.I" title="LVG B.I">LVG B.I</a></li></ul> <p> <b>Related lists</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_of_the_Royal_Air_Force" title="List of aircraft of the Royal Air Force">List of aircraft of the Royal Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_of_the_Royal_Flying_Corps" title="List of aircraft of the Royal Flying Corps">List of aircraft of the Royal Flying Corps</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A similar tactic of firing from below was employed in the Second World War by German night fighters armed with the so-called <i><a href="/wiki/Schr%C3%A4ge_Musik" title="Schräge Musik">Schräge Musik</a></i> cannon installation.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Hare1-36-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare1-36_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 1990, p.36</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare1-35-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare1-35_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 1990, p.35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cheesman1-46-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cheesman1-46_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cheesman1-46_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cheesman1-46_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cheesman1-46_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cheesman1-46_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cheesman1-46_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cheesman, 1962, p.46</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce66_3-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_3_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_3_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1966, p.3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare1-31-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare1-31_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 1990, p.31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1912/1912%20-%200011.html">"The New Army Aeroplane."</a> <a href="/wiki/Flight_International" title="Flight International"><i>Flight</i></a>, 6 January 1912.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gibbs76-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gibbs76_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gibbs-Smith, 2003, pp.192–193</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare2-15-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-15_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-15_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 2012, p.15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce82-394-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce82-394_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce82-394_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce82-394_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1982, p.394</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare2-19-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-19_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 2012, p.19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare2-18-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-18_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 2012, p.18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce66_4-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_4_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1966, p.4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare2-23-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-23_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-23_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 2012, p.23</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce82-344-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bruce82-344_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1982, p.344</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare1-138-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare1-138_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 1990, p.138</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce54-394-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bruce54-394_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1954, p.394</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce66_6-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_6_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_6_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_6_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1966, p.6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare2-35-37-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-35-37_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 2012, pp.35–37</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare2-40-42-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-40-42_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-40-42_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 2012, pp.40–42</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare2-40-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-40_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 2012, p.40</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare1-55-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare1-55_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 1990, p.55</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce66_8-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_8_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1966, p.8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare_p147-8-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hare_p147-8_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hare_p147-8_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 1990, pp.147–148</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce_RFC_p355-7-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bruce_RFC_p355-7_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1982, pp.355–357</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare1-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare1_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare 1999, p. 29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare2-112-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-112_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-112_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 2012, p.112</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare2-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare2_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare 1999, p. 39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare3-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare3_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare 1999, p. 47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare2-114-115-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-114-115_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 2012, pp.114–115</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare2-115-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-115_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 2012, p.115</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cheesman1-50-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cheesman1-50_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cheesman1-50_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cheesman, 1962, p.50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare2-155-156-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare2-155-156_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 2012, pp.115–156</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Penrose115-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Penrose115_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Penrose, 1969, p.100</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare1-182-189-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare1-182-189_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 1990, pp.182–189</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce66_7-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_7_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_7_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_7_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_7_35-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1966, p.7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce66_7-8-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_7-8_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1966, pp.7–8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce66_10-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_10_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_10_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_10_37-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1966, p.10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce66_9-10-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_9-10_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1966, pp.9–10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Woodman61-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Woodman61_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Woodman, 1989, p.61</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce66_9-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_9_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1966, p.9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce_pt_II_p_478-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce_pt_II_p_478_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce_pt_II_p_478_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 16 April 1954, p.478</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 1990, pp.92–100</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1916/1916%20-%200698.html">"R.F.C Inquiry Committee:Interim Report."</a> <i>Flight</i>, 17 August 1916, pp.696–699</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce_RFC_p360-1-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bruce_RFC_p360-1_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1982, pp.360–360</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare1-160-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare1-160_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 1990, p.160</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce_RFC_p365-8-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bruce_RFC_p365-8_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1982, pp.365–368</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lee, 1968, p.5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce66_12-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_12_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_12_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_12_48-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_12_48-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_12_48-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1966, p.12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce68-15-18-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce68-15-18_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruce68-15-18_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1968, pp.15–18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Knell, 2003, pp.109–111</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Penrose172-174-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Penrose172-174_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Penrose, 1969, pp.172–174</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Robinson71-204-209-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Robinson71-204-209_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robinson, 1971, pp.204–209</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce66_9-12-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bruce66_9-12_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1966, pp.9 & 12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">De Ruvigny’s Roll of Honour 1914-19, Vol 4, p226</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aht.ndirect.co.uk/airships/ss/index.html"><i>SS class airship.</i></a> Airship Heritage Trust, Retrieved: 19 October 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis, Cecil. (Chapter II, The Somme), Corgi Edition, 1936, pp.38–40</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dolev, 1986, pp.34–36</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1920/1920%20-%200090.html">"Side-winds."</a> <i>Flight</i>, Volume XII, No. 577, 15 January 1920, p.88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qantas.com.au/travel/airlines/history-beginning/global/en">"Small Beginnings"</a>. <i>Qantas</i>. 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AAIB<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AAIB&rft.atitle=Replica+Royal+Aircraft+Factory+BE2c%2C+G-AWYI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk%2Fmedia%2F6087c34e8fa8f51b909ca0e2%2FReplica_Royal_Aircraft_Factory_BE2c_G-AWYI_06-21.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Aircraft+Factory+B.E.2" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boscombedownaviationcollection.co.uk/Index_files/Page2464.htm">"It was decided by members of BDAC to build a full scale replica of the first aircraft to land on Boscombe Down Airfield"</a>. Old Sarum Airfield Museum. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=It+was+decided+by+members+of+BDAC+to+build+a+full+scale+replica+of+the+first+aircraft+to+land+on+Boscombe+Down+Airfield&rft.pub=Old+Sarum+Airfield+Museum&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boscombedownaviationcollection.co.uk%2FIndex_files%2FPage2464.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Aircraft+Factory+B.E.2" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/news/local/angus-mearns/269682/video-montrose-replica-biplane-pays-tribute-machine-changed-nature-warfare">"A replica of the first British plane to land in France during the First World War has been unveiled at Montrose Air Station Heritage Museum"</a>. The Courier. 13 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+replica+of+the+first+British+plane+to+land+in+France+during+the+First+World+War+has+been+unveiled+at+Montrose+Air+Station+Heritage+Museum&rft.pub=The+Courier&rft.date=2016-08-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecourier.co.uk%2Ffp%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fangus-mearns%2F269682%2Fvideo-montrose-replica-biplane-pays-tribute-machine-changed-nature-warfare&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Aircraft+Factory+B.E.2" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare_p169-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare_p169_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 1990, p.169</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare_p170-1-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare_p170-1_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, 1990, pp.170–171</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-adfsafc-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-adfsafc_68-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-adfsafc_68-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-adfsafc_68-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cowan & Lax, 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Crick, Cowen & Edwards, 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gerdessen, 1982, pp.64 & 76</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruce_British_p368-0-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bruce_British_p368-0_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, 1957, pp.368–370</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.2" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2">Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBruce1957" class="citation book cs1">Bruce, J. M. (1957). <i>British Aeroplanes 1914–18</i>. London: Putnam.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Aeroplanes+1914%E2%80%9318&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Putnam&rft.date=1957&rft.aulast=Bruce&rft.aufirst=J.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Aircraft+Factory+B.E.2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBruce1954" class="citation magazine cs1">Bruce, J. M. (2 April 1954). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141127131217/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1954/1954%20-%200873.html">"The B.E.2 Series: Historic Military Aircraft No.7, Part 1"</a>. <i>Flight</i>. pp. 393–397. 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(16 April 1954). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305145137/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1954/1954%20-%201070.html">"The B.E.2 Series: Historic Military Aircraft No.7, Part 2"</a>. <i>Flight</i>. pp. 478–482. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1954/1954%20-%201070.html">the original</a> on 5 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flight&rft.atitle=The+B.E.2+Series%3A+Historic+Military+Aircraft+No.7%2C+Part+2&rft.pages=478-482&rft.date=1954-04-16&rft.aulast=Bruce&rft.aufirst=J.+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1954%2F1954%2520-%25201070.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Aircraft+Factory+B.E.2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBruce1982" class="citation book cs1">Bruce, J. M. (1982). <i>The Aeroplanes of the Royal Flying Corps (Military Wing)</i>. London: Putnam. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/037030084X" title="Special:BookSources/037030084X"><bdi>037030084X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Aeroplanes+of+the+Royal+Flying+Corps+%28Military+Wing%29&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Putnam&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=037030084X&rft.aulast=Bruce&rft.aufirst=J.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Aircraft+Factory+B.E.2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBruce1966" class="citation book cs1">Bruce, J. M. (1966). <i>The B.E.2, 2a and 2b</i>. London: Profile Publications.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+B.E.2%2C+2a+and+2b&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Profile+Publications&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Bruce&rft.aufirst=J.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Aircraft+Factory+B.E.2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBruce1968" class="citation book cs1">Bruce, J. M. (1968). <i>Warplanes of the First World War: Fighters Vol.3</i>. 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No. 94. pp. 8–9. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0143-5450">0143-5450</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+Enthusiast&rft.atitle=In+the+Footsteps+of+Daedulus%3A+Early+Greek+Naval+Aviation&rft.issue=94&rft.pages=8-9&rft.date=2001-07%2F2001-08&rft.issn=0143-5450&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Aircraft+Factory+B.E.2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoodman1989" class="citation book cs1">Woodman, Harry (1989). <i>Early Aircraft Armament</i>. 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href="/wiki/Template:Royal_Aircraft_Factory_aircraft" title="Template:Royal Aircraft Factory aircraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Royal_Aircraft_Factory_aircraft" title="Template talk:Royal Aircraft Factory aircraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Royal_Aircraft_Factory_aircraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Royal Aircraft Factory aircraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Royal_Aircraft_Factory_(R.A.F.)_aircraft" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Establishment" title="Royal Aircraft Establishment">Royal Aircraft Factory (R.A.F.)</a> aircraft</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Armoured Experimental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_F.E.3" title="Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.3">A.E.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_A.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory A.E.2">A.E.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_A.E.3" title="Royal Aircraft Factory A.E.3">A.E.3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Blériot Experimental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B.E.1</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B.E.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.3" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.3">B.E.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.3" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.3">B.E.4</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B.E.5</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B.E.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.3" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.3">B.E.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.8" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.8">B.E.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.9" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.9">B.E.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.10" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.10">B.E.10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.11 (page does not exist)">B.E.11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.12" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.12">B.E.12</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Blériot Scout</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_S.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.2">B.S.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_S.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.2">B.S.2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Coastal Experimental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_C.E.1" title="Royal Aircraft Factory C.E.1">C.E.1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Farman Experimental<br />Fighting Experimental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_F.E.1" title="Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.1">F.E.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_F.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.2">F.E.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_F.E.3" title="Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.3">F.E.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_F.E.4" title="Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.4">F.E.4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_F.E.6" title="Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.6">F.E.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_F.E.7" title="Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.7">F.E.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_F.E.8" title="Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.8">F.E.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_F.E.9" title="Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.9">F.E.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_F.E.10" title="Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.10">F.E.10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_F.E.11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.11 (page does not exist)">F.E.11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_N.E.1" title="Royal Aircraft Factory N.E.1">F.E.12</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Night Experimental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_N.E.1" title="Royal Aircraft Factory N.E.1">N.E.1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reconnaissance Experimental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_R.E.1" title="Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.1">R.E.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_H.R.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory H.R.E.2">R.E.2</a>/<a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_H.R.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory H.R.E.2">H.R.E.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_R.E.3" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.3">H.R.E.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_R.E.5" title="Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.5">R.E.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_R.E.7" title="Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.7">R.E.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_R.E.8" title="Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8">R.E.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_R.E.8" title="Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8">R.E.9</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Santos Experimental<br />Scout Experimental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_S.E.1" title="Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.1">S.E.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_S.E.2" title="Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.2">S.E.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_S.E.4" title="Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.4">S.E.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_S.E.4" title="Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.4">S.E.4</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_S.E.4a" title="Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.4a">a</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_S.E.5" title="Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5">S.E.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_S.E.6" title="Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.6">S.E.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_S.E.7" title="Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.7">S.E.7</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tatin Experimental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Aircraft_Factory_T.E.1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Aircraft Factory T.E.1 (page does not exist)">T.E.1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Army_Dirigible_No_1" title="British Army Dirigible No 1">Nulli Secundis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Army_airship_Beta" title="British Army airship Beta">Baby/Beta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Army_Airship_Gamma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British Army Airship Gamma (page does not exist)">Gamma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Army_Airship_Delta" class="mw-redirect" title="British Army Airship Delta">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Army_Airship_Eta" class="mw-redirect" title="British Army Airship Eta">Eta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nicknames</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_A.E.3" title="Royal Aircraft Factory A.E.3">Farnborough Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_B.E.3" title="Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.3">Goldfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Factory_R.E.8" title="Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8">Harry Tate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1189769#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit 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