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data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">MERlin - Research Aims</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6499f24 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="6499f24" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider" style="--divider-pattern-url: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' preserveAspectRatio='none' overflow='visible' height='100%' viewBox='0 0 20 16' fill='none' stroke='black' stroke-width='2' stroke-linecap='square' stroke-miterlimit='10'%3E%3Cg transform='translate(-12.000000, 0)'%3E%3Cpath d='M28,0L10,18'/%3E%3Cpath d='M18,0L0,18'/%3E%3Cpath d='M48,0L30,18'/%3E%3Cpath d='M38,0L20,18'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c6aaa92 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="c6aaa92" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>Our aim is to develop smart materials capable of providing solutions for future hydrogen based energy systems to be more efficient, clean and cost effective than current technologies.</p><p>Our core expertise is in hydride materials and we are developing ideas to control and confer these materials with “intelligence”. This “intelligence” provides the material with the ability to adapt to changing environments, respond to various stimuli and adopt protective defence mechanisms. This vision is extended across the hydrogen technology chain to facilitate the use of hydrogen for the benefit of our communities. This includes:</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2836a18 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle" data-id="2836a18" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="toggle.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-toggle"> <div class="elementor-toggle-item"> <div id="elementor-tab-title-4211" class="elementor-tab-title" data-tab="1" role="button" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-4211" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon-closed"><i class="fas fa-chevron-down"></i></span> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon-opened"><i class="elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-chevron-up"></i></span> </span> <a class="elementor-toggle-title" tabindex="0">Solid state hydrogen storage technologies</a> </div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-4211" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="1" role="region" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-4211"><p>With a high chemical energy density and zero harmful emissions when produced from renewable resources, hydrogen is set to become a major fuel of the future, bridging the gap between intermittent renewable supply and rapidly depleting fossil fuels. Hydrogen can be used across a wide range of applications, from portable electronics to energy distribution systems within the grid, as well as transportation. The single largest challenge remaining in its implementation is storage. Hydrogen may be stored as a gas, a liquid, or bonded within a solid material. The latter is the safest approach and has a relatively high volumetric capacity –a requirement for the practical use of hydrogen as a clean energy vector.</p><p>Many hydride materials can store hydrogen by absorbing it like a sponge. However, the next generation of materials rely on light materials that require very high temperatures >400 °C and/or pressures >200 bar to reversibly absorb or release hydrogen. At Merlin our approach to solve this problem is to engineer hydride materials “atoms by atoms” so we can accurately tailor their properties for given applications.</p></div> </div> <div class="elementor-toggle-item"> <div id="elementor-tab-title-4212" class="elementor-tab-title" data-tab="2" role="button" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-4212" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon-closed"><i class="fas fa-chevron-down"></i></span> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon-opened"><i class="elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-chevron-up"></i></span> </span> <a class="elementor-toggle-title" tabindex="0">Metal/air/hydrogen batteries new chemistries and solid state electrolytes</a> </div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-4212" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="2" role="region" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-4212"><p>Metals such as Li, Mg and Al can safely deliver significant amounts of energy through their reaction with oxygen. These metals can also store significant amounts of hydrogen. Control of their properties will provide solutions for novel, clean and high density energy storage devices akin to batteries.</p><p>All-solid-state batteries with pure metal anode can solve the problem of conventional batteries (such as lithium-ion) having a limited energy density. The key challenge with this solution is ensuring the stability of pure metal anode against an electrolyte. Complex hydrides are promising candidates owing to their lightweight and excellent compatibility with metal anodes (Li, Na, and/or Mg). But the low ionic conductivity at room temperature limits their developments. At Merlin we have developed several methods to increase the ionic conductivity of complex borohydrides. Through our modification, the ionic conductivity of complex borohydrides can reach the practical application level (10-3 S/cm) at near room temperature.</p></div> </div> <div class="elementor-toggle-item"> <div id="elementor-tab-title-4213" class="elementor-tab-title" data-tab="3" role="button" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-4213" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon-closed"><i class="fas fa-chevron-down"></i></span> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon-opened"><i class="elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-chevron-up"></i></span> </span> <a class="elementor-toggle-title" tabindex="0">Planar fuel cell and electrolyser technologies</a> </div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-4213" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="3" role="region" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-4213"><p>Due to the efficiency of converting hydrogen to power, fuel cells have been widely investigated. The planar fuel cell design geometry is the typical geometry employed by most types of fuel cells since the planar design has a lower resistance compared with the other types of geometries. At Merlin, we aim to design the alternative planar polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) low costs, long-term durability, of ease of manufacturing and made from abundant components catalysts including enzymes (e.g. hydrogenase). We are now focused on designing and fabricating PEMFC with a special focus on their air-breathing planar configuration,including the development of better proton conducting membranes and platinum-free catalysts to drive the oxygen reduction and hydrogen oxidation reactions efficiently. We also develop new concepts to fully integrate these catalysts into advanced electrolyser concepts where paraisitc load is limited.</p></div> </div> <div class="elementor-toggle-item"> <div id="elementor-tab-title-4214" class="elementor-tab-title" data-tab="4" role="button" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-4214" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon-closed"><i class="fas fa-chevron-down"></i></span> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon-opened"><i class="elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-chevron-up"></i></span> </span> <a class="elementor-toggle-title" tabindex="0">Enzymatic and heterogeneous catalysis for hydrogen utilisation</a> </div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-4214" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="4" role="region" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-4214"><p>Hydride materials have the ability to deliver hydrogen in a reactive form and thus capabilities for activating molecules and their conversion into valuable products. At Merlin, our current efforts are focusing on the conversion of the small molecules into valuable chemicals. The aim is to achieve efficient catalysts capable of harnessing CO2 for gas flues, for example, with direct conversion into liquid hydrocarbons.</p></div> </div> <div class="elementor-toggle-item"> <div id="elementor-tab-title-4215" class="elementor-tab-title" data-tab="5" role="button" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-4215" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon-closed"><i class="fas fa-chevron-down"></i></span> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon-opened"><i class="elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-chevron-up"></i></span> </span> <a class="elementor-toggle-title" tabindex="0">Hydrogen combustion by catalytic method</a> </div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-4215" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="5" role="region" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-4215"><p>The major advantages of H2 combustion facilitated by catalyst are the absence of NOx (Nitrogen Oxide) emission and flashback, and this appears to be the best solution for the safe and clean combustion of hydrogen. The design of effective catalytic materials can enable the low-temperature flameless combustion of hydrogen. Our group is developing better catalysts for the safest combustion of hydrogen.</p></div> </div> <div class="elementor-toggle-item"> <div id="elementor-tab-title-4216" class="elementor-tab-title" data-tab="6" role="button" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-4216" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon-closed"><i class="fas fa-chevron-down"></i></span> <span class="elementor-toggle-icon-opened"><i class="elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-chevron-up"></i></span> </span> <a class="elementor-toggle-title" tabindex="0">Smart hydrogen windows</a> </div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-4216" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="6" role="region" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-4216"><p>Metal hydrides can undergo shifts in their electronic properties as they absorb or desorb hydrogen. In a thin film configuration, a magnesium coating of a few nm will shift from a reflective state to a transparent state as hydrogen is absorbed. At Merlin, we are aiming to control the reaction so the thin film can be cycled more than 1000 times without deterioration. The coating is only transparent to visible light, hence, the technology could be used for climate control in buildings, i.e. reflective thin film helps to keep a room cool and transparent thin film to warm a room up.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3155654 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="3155654" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-background-overlay"></div> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-wide"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8e6dbea" data-id="8e6dbea" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0e50e0a elementor-bg-transform elementor-bg-transform-move-down elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action" data-id="0e50e0a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="call-to-action.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a class="elementor-cta" href="https://merlin-h2.com/research/publications/"> <div class="elementor-cta__content"> <div class="elementor-content-item elementor-cta__content-item elementor-icon-wrapper elementor-cta__icon elementor-view-default"> <div class="elementor-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-file-pdf"></i> </div> </div> <h3 class="elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item"> Publications </h3> <div class="elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item"> View a range of publications produced by or in collaboration with MERlin Laboratory, organised by year or publication. </div> <div class="elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item "> <span class="elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-"> More </span> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-501cc9a" data-id="501cc9a" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2077d0f elementor-bg-transform elementor-bg-transform-move-down elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action" data-id="2077d0f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="call-to-action.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a class="elementor-cta" href="https://merlin-h2.com/research/facilities/"> <div class="elementor-cta__content"> <div class="elementor-content-item elementor-cta__content-item elementor-icon-wrapper elementor-cta__icon elementor-view-default"> <div class="elementor-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-vial"></i> </div> </div> <h3 class="elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item"> Facilities </h3> <div class="elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item"> MERLin is equipped with state-of-the art facilities and modern laboratories. Learn more about the tools we utilise. </div> <div class="elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item "> <span class="elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-"> More </span> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0fdd6c4" data-id="0fdd6c4" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d09565d elementor-bg-transform elementor-bg-transform-move-down elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action" data-id="d09565d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="call-to-action.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a class="elementor-cta" href="https://www.sydney.edu.au/engage/give/how-to-donate.html" target="_blank"> <div class="elementor-cta__content"> <div class="elementor-content-item elementor-cta__content-item elementor-icon-wrapper elementor-cta__icon elementor-view-default"> <div class="elementor-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-hand-holding-usd"></i> </div> </div> <h3 class="elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item"> Donate </h3> <div class="elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item"> To be able to transform and extend our research findings into new market products we need your help and support. </div> <div class="elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item "> <span class="elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-"> More </span> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer"> <div data-elementor-type="footer" data-elementor-id="35" class="elementor elementor-35 elementor-location-footer" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library"> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1959aeef elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="1959aeef" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-background-overlay"></div> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d48c038 elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-phone" data-id="d48c038" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e432c61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="e432c61" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Merlin</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2e57180c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="2e57180c" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> We are an energy research group focusing on the use of hydrogen as a clean energy vector. MERLin is headed by Pro. Kondo-Francois Aguey-Zinsou within the <a title="CHSE" href="https://www.sydney.edu.au/science/schools/school-of-chemistry.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">School of Chemistry</a> at the <a title="University of Sydney" href="https://www.sydney.edu.au/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">University of Sydney</a>. </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-10baae08 e-grid-align-left e-grid-align-mobile-left elementor-shape-circle elementor-grid-0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-social-icons" data-id="10baae08" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="social-icons.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-social-icons-wrapper elementor-grid"> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-youtube elementor-repeater-item-dbaeb71" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYJpIig2avFFllveMM0rmOw" target="_blank"> <span 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class="elementor-element elementor-element-367a0c3 elementor-align-left elementor-mobile-align-left elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="367a0c3" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="https://merlin-h2.com/energyh/about-hydrogen-energy/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">About Hydrogen Energy</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="https://merlin-h2.com/energyh/hycycle/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">HyCycle</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="https://merlin-h2.com/energyh/h2q/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">H2Q</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5f41aa6e elementor-hidden-phone" data-id="5f41aa6e" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-364b8fc9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="364b8fc9" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">About Merlin</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4a49adcd elementor-align-left elementor-mobile-align-left elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="4a49adcd" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="https://merlin-h2.com/about/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Overview</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="https://merlin-h2.com/about/staff-alumni/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Staff & Alumni Profiles</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="https://merlin-h2.com/about/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Collaborations</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="https://merlin-h2.com/research/publications/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Publications</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="https://merlin-h2.com/research/facilities/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Facilities</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-43002bfd" data-id="43002bfd" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c983fb2 elementor-widget 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