CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9133ae0d091da8ee',cH: 'tT6xJ0.aSkKkADeO6GALV1CMKoeCZ4MggVLrl_3GVPw-1739773314-1.2.1.1-1.FlKvdTPEXi.5GrIMzjcNLnLaF_RFHalEyI2Yde.sn9xAhRQq473XjIGjWIW4Cf',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/51628\/variations-of-the-modal-characteristics-of-the-feeding-stage-with-different-preloaded-linear-guide?__cf_chl_tk=P6UbZ7xBEvXvTV_BjG0qsAMIfl_hEw7Wb9ouMuNl8DM-1739773314-1.0.1.1-moIsSLEnH1ACmX0exjDN2cbOgrSu95QnR3laKfe9NnA",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739773314',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/51628\/variations-of-the-modal-characteristics-of-the-feeding-stage-with-different-preloaded-linear-guide?__cf_chl_f_tk=P6UbZ7xBEvXvTV_BjG0qsAMIfl_hEw7Wb9ouMuNl8DM-1739773314-1.0.1.1-moIsSLEnH1ACmX0exjDN2cbOgrSu95QnR3laKfe9NnA",md: "_X6SYG47JXHAls3_sIUaTWg0.cETcwFUzpFKcI2NzEY-1739773314-1.2.1.1-KRInM2sDuzBZzZqPPd_UDF2dRrPJV3gntTzLj2FRwZQnsZO2eif.yrnttIgV4TX54FBfRg3j6FCeDXoXZU24_iWNVgJH_niPMPwkJEKyuGMer817eZOfc.q6qg.1HodQwm3YJAqyxb95LCgd_91m5XfM_xI.OFMyTrJty99RrSEmkDfdrqJQm8rJ5eMkR9Vy.YI5DFzdkbcHkJ4ThqE4B5lrY8yygCJP4t6rYl8GqvWKvuSjEuBnXfzZLRTWaDvEy4CW7hR7guZ2litLR8vuG8nzy75a4hN.9e_a9V6AHoLDGaXPxlY43fb7Gaw8EW9V3LIvkW8FPtz5C7dcSn7Xti2wChcPrlyrK6RMpw9g5uY3IKoJtLHt3IWiAsFIvgVKjw_BP4cacUxZ5G5WdsXhA.no_7v_gDYseN4W2SeMT3TpZ5yWic2CC3ZohX2zGcUukEc.zuNtcPMOxC4FplID3AEB0p91JagqeFzSL8cNZhID1qCee25MeqWe.rMyVNehw.7onxTiDnEaBHRQz6w0rWF42aawg11IfLfrmebsfTe0.zroMu8jomlKanH1EEos9T88.Ld4VucRCGcrqs..fEyCzmRBcs9mTAmyxqN5wLKCkPoWXZhKdzLTUthV82sjkuQfRQpmvTHsAMrlX4VmnvKnmNrFwYdb41X7Y_gl.DNCFOYdvBdICiY9iPn7PgCS2hd3t5qy2axt.mrQ.yoDA.9Z7quaPblmAMemc5O_BvENZXY5qB8BTKiIe2f9UfZiWTDeNngof7SkbbiA1NOgtX8_Y.O22koR4p_t1HU0wAqURtVKjjK6NtoIQPeW2ixUwz_uwcKsuhWLVF1WuKtouTBvBgCMeS1GgnajL5w7RnPbz3DFfU9TjTzQ8B9awFjfv8A951JPZvUvZmLdNbg.JkY2jAYA__NqMGb5SquAmW82cYVM1vkRazLFkHPSgPf3Xvs8_aAxxNzptPxTKdcVpscohjng8PfS7qV9XtpOAoJFyLj4NVCZzvrpoZVl9YqTQ6Qq3GRpDqMCj6qQ7flXkm3MyZ8B.oEXAq6MRNPtbD3HzI5lmjCp5z_tXwmcj8Ff5q0ykmj98lrQ41wPcyuos2vwwaQzX6EbGHF3npRFOyEwURdNQvs3lBnw9dqGImhYUJdWtbHr0Yam.fd6oi8AsKPrM6w3FNxbJ0qyMajHwS9XPw0mhJQQCIs4fFU_sIbJ23KUqPk2tHAzm7W1nfhkv1_NXyAvPfNi0uAGtdqYeiYHRbyOIBTogviU4ciNhboA7oqtLtprEDCiZc5zxXKWm8HpfZb1v3hXvnlXV97ShBxvJOraaml69UH7Dh5NlpARXh4MkTJbrq72qkXoZQhO0Uqc5msNy16ffVdumhvZc5J4l_AdDSJKiZcf_fqZ_3VcNcBgQG0upcm5e2UnfRUI4_wiU7fvoM6FRzJ9C.ehoSpBMJbBPH75BX5IEIKrxVbMln3LZA_9W0nV6eqe9zOSIU7nISVdENQBxpqFG.aAHJnAORiwtBdiW4OUDLx0JoyTwd.ZNcp6KvzyeReuHZM1B2DJ7JXwES84lHILBfmWLoa0tlCvFTDwajmtRSEBfO3VCsBodxtCvnYAdf5K8rRh94fL7xMSoXGekhyPq0MP1jTj8EOSbOag8QdQp8Jg4FLCt3U4pPXyjMukfDqIp2Hzmb4FA6gc.PPFTtgd0rd_D7sL7j44XbtnPOmmeZ.qifN8ZpfzyhcT1GRSXdTEWmsnGmI.mIyLkLPGbkBFnBSgybqzUPFS6XU6w6No.tX8WZj65psPKYdUHXb44orJhaMg_vWuKY2pjLil9Up7uXtru_ZUStLvOsnQMG3Jet6wwZLAu7ZJLt3M9FDx2t07njVfHjsK6qXu6sqSEG0M6vNSTvPhDoT8Q3Ey6xhsfjk4Vkaw0LJufYUf2KSG11h3zHMRyazgyT7DSfxjAZCPYDJK99vP_TjzyHPW5gBckvS7X8pIGlKOw4f6JSDOkCfEzZE1bqVFhTJ0DkiBJjLDI8LIUX8hL5A8XC1xDFp_O2Pxroq.ADOt17xStX6eKTaqvwBSI9r3M3RmYWopkdjtEIyAtU0FBb1ZiJJpyLUA9j8HcM9dLdvkn0RMRXXacYhI9_lskgKaXRde.cKMAQALaNm2eQb1F6GqmRNeN6fbqfGnLN30",mdrd: "htVkIe1krzR1xE1EMYzBedek15t0CwbT3MvRAgMexog-1739773314-1.2.1.1-58uwmr05Yb9GsmivXBNjds9loVjWunStWKXML6a2C6Er_.1LeHKiBfpnEKsC1jUHoijCxib5rWIFtLEwdm5pc9idod4tjsIjLRQhODOwDaEvdnqocRFYcTQan5X3EYiCpypH5NavLanH37Si.esJVcglHEj0cXx9CIF_gczc2SEzIN0RGCcf65dn4k6NxEZl33tvKyAyXyDszmhnfKwi2V0.vpk9CDb2NSUQ_9snZ64.Fpa1uDrKDrcUXhpmQM5pG7jHn19lKxF4VYZcKq8Z7oFK8ZbdFEVbAB5_kHhQpyJ30NiW_0dQ4_L79ZTH4lmZWbC8XE6pHJWIGy_C51aIBUYY5g0Bo0xmXxD7lqgULXumk4cU5iMR0eVBCPfTMoAjrANYD2OSrl0fP7raJFxccElcW403g._gIW1mMQMxeMEtLzc5vuAypqwVy5a9z.0QF0pPPSfljc02Go84vhmFI6NhJYb0KF0t0O8I_c4VouDjcuRHNqeiu3GOEWFviJFiwgape0T2t7ebfmxEQqvxXeHqu4TGheRtKzda9hPtRrw8EhZ8ysWON5fn1sp6KMq15QogxDcvrEJiWtpC6L27Lvbm4Xfv9qBy614DDavE.cxP3f.K_PXP4aku49ha57mojYSoTmw4oSFBtHm0kXA2k9v2GP7gBxa1W0Aol4ix0QCcCG1EGSXflGWnAG256NrXT_s_bZEHmUGH3QmMvxhwX3jFkOoJCQOj1rs3vTi430JCR98ymke_QCezZSnO3209ayogXjbGIl5D5WgFU8qiSmNvqeIePiZjkynQyIadTDAtTv.F8SyD4.WXOOdHGQru9L8Wo_UA_I.mwkdAqlZhzQARqKtD6Iwnyz8HEVv1Hd_WtOTGjnR6o_YNSYKKtcgUsnV9L0osxhOvAR5lOVopAonQlqv0J_gWRV4ILEQpAjSkR3qWEvjf9WCANGUar.3fpS_v1UvnDtkX.9AaasbhL.siDrW5Fi0MD5TH9wjyNQWxEI23Ks.3_CK_WzJWEh_1k1LLJe1zaJwYg9FFUR4aGMjrrNODv8j8MhVZMgjwXJvpR.YLrwYbU25N9mWKDU7tsrDZ3bG4b81Z4tFBfdiIxYMR9lTI.ayHmu6KBgecsGfYbpCn9ft5USvUUvPFc5yKABNnwwi6dPYn8yPW8fRt3VUAlaMNPl7KAx00.4pvlMVEpMr6bAXRjWzY3LWApnG6VAEEpRcWiCl2Y8gRfe3ZI5u0fw7QsPwtLpSo3tmUWp.d_mgGf9lU9C18_FRD2SoKpoF9k6zKdZVksdB8e7YhHSVdnktp0GqaMkBwHebCHuGsplbi.1jSU8DicMsJiFQ8loxAtmO_yFp2rkf43HJ8aY8dqju8eWTnJEFTit97wMeDu7qX7i264LiDrgMw7Q8gNoBKy2Kqu2z2RXe8iCRPBMbsL2ZCAEBGVCMoBPasseajhds07Rg4KzPCKgjmVocmvHx.72QF7o_a680ulu4ggnvS0TlUJkn506e0ys7qAn_gR2ieCIppRIziUeGaACsouHIXwORs5RalfPAaKqdaPckUlBWg00n7R2wqyDrMloy0PZEu8cuwF_5eoNywQlIJadXQ5_LVdYH.SpKAxG_zUJezfsL7OiZNRvxC9yKwTo7BG.ymNHTGseh0xvWHXVLf8CRMbgeKP3oWoOK5OW4tbA6Aqq778JlDPN9H9lUDAplFkatFxHiIupqFzeh_HA4RJi.Z7IN0IqqoG_3u4eAUDBuxI52ywuvHpTYeoh7u8yo171Gcx7hjWzs8Y2Y628vPJBi4nXXS.awXKAJmVj1JgIR7fiZ_ghNrJFZWQJPiMxVpEMySUjg359_E5LlfbOK3reWCJLNM2esBt3upf_ayX1HVeF1zgWoob32RYwRj3iKH1ipfDrJi9q87Y5Ba5QRBtaIKRCXxZuM7sbo6HKq4i9myrVLCc90tyqQnCKKvObgA4.spwa77sSRTaHVsVDyRSnA7.grqJafwuMFb66paOg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9133ae0d091da8ee';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/51628\/variations-of-the-modal-characteristics-of-the-feeding-stage-with-different-preloaded-linear-guide?__cf_chl_rt_tk=P6UbZ7xBEvXvTV_BjG0qsAMIfl_hEw7Wb9ouMuNl8DM-1739773314-1.0.1.1-moIsSLEnH1ACmX0exjDN2cbOgrSu95QnR3laKfe9NnA" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>