COD Aid : Center for Global Development : Initiatives: Active

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Delivery: A New Approach to Foreign Aid <div class="clear"></div> </div> <h1 class="title"> Cash on Delivery: A New Approach to Foreign Aid </h1>  <table style="width:100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <td id="section-content" valign="top">  <div class="content-full"> <style type="text/css">  </style> <p class="t"><strong>The Trouble with Aid</strong></p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1423949/"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/userfiles/image/books/COD_Aid-cover.jpg" alt="Cash on Delivery Aid: The Trouble with Aid" width="137" height="195" class="bookcover left"/></a>Critics of foreign aid argue that much of it is ineffective or even hinders development. Too often, money is spent on inputs that fail to achieve the desired outcomes. While many aid programs are successful, others fail for any number of reasons. A primary flaw in current aid programs is that they tend to strengthen accountability from recipient countries to donors rather than to their own citizens. This donor-recipient relationship often focuses more on disbursements and verifying expenditures than it does on achieving results. It also frequently has high transaction costs and undervalues local experimentation and learning.</p><br/> <p><span class="t">Cash on Delivery Aid</span></p> <p>The Center for Global Development has developed Cash on Delivery Aid (COD Aid) as an approach to help overcome these problems. It builds on existing initiatives that strive to disburse aid against results, but it takes the idea further by linking payments more directly to a single specific outcome; giving the recipient increased authority to achieve progress however it sees fit; and assuring that the recipient country’s progress is transparent and visible to its own citizens. These features could rebalance accountability, reduce transaction costs, and encourage local innovation and learning. </p> <div> <div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 7px; margin-top: 7px; float: right;"> <div style="border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); margin: 6px; padding: 6px; width: 250px; background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);"> <h3>Recent News</h3> <ul> <li>Bill Savedoff recently presented COD Aid and its application to the water and sanitation sector for a workshop organized by the Gates Foundation. You can read more about COD Aid for water in this <a style="color:#035781" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/userfiles/Cash%20on%20Delivery%20Aid%20for%20Water%20concept%20note%206_18(3).pdf">concept note</a>.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>This <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://click.email.cgdev.org/?qs=d7989981fc476927904168a7d438cf0bb1e9509e3df5fdcb02dd02cb0325379f">European Report on Development</a> about financing for social protection examines a new application of COD Aid.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>During an <a style="color:#035781" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://csis.org/multimedia/video-future-global-tobacco-control">event</a> at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Thomas Frieden, director of the Center for Disease Control, said that COD Aid is a model “well worth exploring” for tobacco control.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>For more news on the COD Aid initiative, please view our <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/section/initiatives/_active/codaid/news_highlights">newsletter archive</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/section/about_enews/">subscribe</a> to receive future email updates.</li> </ul> </div> </div> <p>COD Aid is a practical mechanism for making aid more effective and achieving the goals set out in the Paris Declaration and Accra Agenda for Action, including a greater focus on country ownership and on results, more predictable aid, improved accountability, and increased harmonization of foreign assistance approaches. </p> <p>The approach can be applied to any sector in which there is a shared, measurable outcome toward which governments and donors are committed to making progress. To learn more, please take a look at our <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1423949/">book chapters</a> or <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424603/">book brief</a>, or visit our pages about the approach and its application to education, health, and other sectors. You can also listen to Nancy Birdsall describe COD Aid and several potential applications in <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://blogs.cgdev.org/global_prosperity_wonkcast/tag/cash-on-delivery-aid/"><strong>these CGD wonkcasts</strong>,<strong> </strong></a>or Ayah Mahgoub discuss the application to education and recommendations for how COD Aid can be piloted in Malawi, Ethiopia or other countries in <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://blogs.cgdev.org/global_prosperity_wonkcast/2010/03/09/cash-on-delivery-aid-ayah-mahgoub-on-cod-in-education/"><strong>this wonkcast</strong></a>.</p> <p class="t">Work in Progress</p> <p>CGD is currently working with technical experts, potential official and private donors, and partner countries to design pilots of COD Aid, and to design research programs to accompany the pilots. While we have good reasons to think that COD Aid would be effective, we recognize that development is complex and that only by evaluating its implementation can we learn if COD Aid is effective relative to traditional projects and under which circumstances it can be helpful. This research would also enhance our understanding of how aid can strengthen, rather than burden, local institutions and provide insights about institutional change and good practices in different settings.</p> <p class="t">Contact</p> <p>This initiative is led by CGD president <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/experts/detail/483/">Nancy Birdsall</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/expert/detail/16573/">William D Savedoff</a>, with the support at CGD of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/section/about/staff#RPER">Rita Perakis</a>, program coordinator. Please send feedback to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/mailto:rperakis@cgdev.org">rperakis@cgdev.org</a>.</p> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div id="tabbed-navigation"> <div class="tabs"> <span class="tab newest active" rel="newest" onmousedown="pageTracker._trackEvent('initiative_page', 'tab click', 'newest');">Newest</span> <span class="tab popular" rel="popular" onmousedown="pageTracker._trackEvent('initiative_page', 'tab click', 'popular');">Popular</span> <span class="tab" rel="experts" onmousedown="pageTracker._trackEvent('initiative_page', 'tab click', 'experts');">Experts</span> <span class="tab" rel="publications" onmousedown="pageTracker._trackEvent('initiative_page', 'tab click', 'publications');">Publications</span> <span class="tab" rel="events" onmousedown="pageTracker._trackEvent('initiative_page', 'tab click', 'events');">Events</span> <span class="tab" rel="multimedia" onmousedown="pageTracker._trackEvent('initiative_page', 'tab click', 'multimedia');">Multimedia</span> <span class="tab" rel="selected_works" onmousedown="pageTracker._trackEvent('initiative_page', 'tab click', 'selected_works');">Selected Works</span> <div class="clear"></div> </div> <div class="tab-box newest active"> <ul> <li> <div style="float:left"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424685_image_COD_Aid_pakistan.gif&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424685">The Challenge of Aid in Pakistan: Is Cash on Delivery Part of the Solution?</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 29, 2011</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>This brief examines options for a COD Aid contract in Pakistan’s education sector and its potential benefits for improving the relationship between official donors and the government of Pakistan, and for increasing the effectiveness of aid spending in Pakistan.</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424950_image_Ergo_Puhl_trAid_cover.gif&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424950">TrAid+ Channeling Development Assistance to Results - Working Paper 247</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 29, 2011</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>Traditional donor financing mechanisms tend to track inputs instead of results, lack transparency, accountability, and country ownership. These inefficiencies waste resources, erode the trust of aid constituencies, and fail to improve the lives of the poor. TrAid+ is a new mechanism that aims to...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424949_image_birdsall170.jpg&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/multimedia/detail/1424949"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://blogs.cgdev.org/global_prosperity_wonkcast/2011/03/28/nancy-birdsall-on-cash-on-delivery-cod-aid/"/> Nancy Birdsall on Cash on Delivery (COD) Aid</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 28, 2011</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>A little over a year ago, I invited Nancy Birdsall, founding president of the Center for Global Development, to join me on the Wonkcast to talk about her big new idea, Cash on Delivery Aid (COD Aid), an innovative approach to the delivery of foreign assistance. COD Aid has since gained a lot of...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style=""> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424912">COD Aid: Transfers for Transformation (Presentation)</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 14, 2011</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>In a presentation delivered at the UK Department for International Development on March 9, 2011, CGD president Nancy Birdsall spoke about opportunities and challenges for the implementation of Cash on Delivery Aid, an approach that allows aid agencies to address both short-term and long-term...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1425780_image_Capture_CODaid.PNG&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/multimedia/detail/1425780">Cash on Delivery: A New Approach to Foreign Aid</a> <span class="item-date"> - Dec 2, 2010</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p> In this two-minute clip from 2010, Ayah Mahgoub, former CGD special assistant to the president, discusses Cash on Delivery  Aid (COD Aid), a CGD initiative for making aid more effective. COD Aid builds on existing initiatives to disburse aid against results but links payments more ...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424603_image_COD_Aid_brief_200.gif&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424603">Cash on Delivery: A New Approach to Foreign Aid (brief)</a> <span class="item-date"> - Nov 15, 2010</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>This brief describes a new approach, Cash on Delivery Aid, which gives recipients full responsibility and authority over funds paid in proportion to verified measures of progress.</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424247_image_wheeler_tailor_essay_thumbnail_50_px.jpg&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424247">Tailored Aid for a Tailored Age?</a> <span class="item-date"> - Jun 24, 2010</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>In this short essay, senior fellow David Wheeler compares the world’s foreign assistance architecture to how the rest of the world operates in the digital age. He suggests that multilateral and bilateral transactions from one behemoth to another may be stuck in the past now that technology can...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424088_image_how_to_pay_cash_on_delivery.jpg&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424088">How to Pay “Cash-on-Delivery” for HIV Infections Averted: Two Measurement Approaches and Ten Payout Functions - Working Paper 210</a> <span class="item-date"> - Apr 23, 2010</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>This paper proposes a cash-on-delivery approach to reward AIDS programs in accordance with the number of verifiable HIV infections they avert.</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style=""> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/calendar/detail/1423964">Cash on Delivery: A New Approach to Foreign Aid</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 23, 2010</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>Donor countries have committed to major increases in development assistance but doubts remain over how effective this aid is. At this launch of their new book, authors Nancy Birdsall, William Savedoff, and Ayah Mahgoub present Cash on Delivery Aid, an approach that links aid directly to outcomes...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424005_image_timthumb.png&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/multimedia/detail/1424005">Cash on Delivery: A New Approach to Foreign Aid</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 22, 2010</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>At the March 23, 2010 launch of their new book, Cash on Delivery: A new approach to foreign aid with an application to primary schooling, authors Nancy Birdsall, President, Center for Global Development; William Savedoff, Senior Fellow, Center for Global Development; and Ayah Mahgoub, Program...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <ul> </div> <div class="tab-box popular"> <ul> <li> <div style="float:left"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1423949_image_cash_on_delivery.jpg&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1423949">Cash on Delivery: A New Approach to Foreign Aid</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 16, 2010</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>Cash on Delivery (COD) Aid proposes serious reform to make aid work well by forcing accountability, aligning the objectives of funders and recipients, and sharing information about what works.</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424603_image_COD_Aid_brief_200.gif&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424603">Cash on Delivery: A New Approach to Foreign Aid (brief)</a> <span class="item-date"> - Nov 15, 2010</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>This brief describes a new approach, Cash on Delivery Aid, which gives recipients full responsibility and authority over funds paid in proportion to verified measures of progress.</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> </div> <div style=""> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1421419">The End of ODA: Death and Rebirth of a Global Public Policy - Working Paper 167</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 25, 2009</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>In this paper, part of the Innovations in Aid series, Jean-Michel Severino and Olivier Ray describe shifts in the objectives of overseas development assistance (ODA) over time and conclude that it is time to put the concept itself to bed—in favor of what they propose should be called “Global...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424950_image_Ergo_Puhl_trAid_cover.gif&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424950">TrAid+ Channeling Development Assistance to Results - Working Paper 247</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 29, 2011</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>Traditional donor financing mechanisms tend to track inputs instead of results, lack transparency, accountability, and country ownership. These inefficiencies waste resources, erode the trust of aid constituencies, and fail to improve the lives of the poor. TrAid+ is a new mechanism that aims to...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424685_image_COD_Aid_pakistan.gif&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424685">The Challenge of Aid in Pakistan: Is Cash on Delivery Part of the Solution?</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 29, 2011</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>This brief examines options for a COD Aid contract in Pakistan’s education sector and its potential benefits for improving the relationship between official donors and the government of Pakistan, and for increasing the effectiveness of aid spending in Pakistan.</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> </div> <div style=""> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424912">COD Aid: Transfers for Transformation (Presentation)</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 14, 2011</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>In a presentation delivered at the UK Department for International Development on March 9, 2011, CGD president Nancy Birdsall spoke about opportunities and challenges for the implementation of Cash on Delivery Aid, an approach that allows aid agencies to address both short-term and long-term...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> </div> <div style=""> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/16247/text/javascript">Measuring Progress with Tests of Learning: Pros and Cons for "Cash on Delivery Aid" in Education - Working Paper 147</a> <span class="item-date"> - Jun 16, 2008</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>Improving education has been a central goal of international development for decades, and the best indicators of improvement measure student performance. But can such measurements be used as incentives to stimulate more rapid improvement in education? There are no simple answers to this question...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424247_image_wheeler_tailor_essay_thumbnail_50_px.jpg&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424247">Tailored Aid for a Tailored Age?</a> <span class="item-date"> - Jun 24, 2010</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>In this short essay, senior fellow David Wheeler compares the world’s foreign assistance architecture to how the rest of the world operates in the digital age. He suggests that multilateral and bilateral transactions from one behemoth to another may be stuck in the past now that technology can...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424088_image_how_to_pay_cash_on_delivery.jpg&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424088">How to Pay “Cash-on-Delivery” for HIV Infections Averted: Two Measurement Approaches and Ten Payout Functions - Working Paper 210</a> <span class="item-date"> - Apr 23, 2010</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>This paper proposes a cash-on-delivery approach to reward AIDS programs in accordance with the number of verifiable HIV infections they avert.</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left"> </div> <div style=""> <div class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/16551/text/javascript">A Little Less Talk: Six Steps to Get Some Action from the Accra Agenda</a> <span class="item-date"> - Aug 21, 2008</span> </div> <div class="item-description"><p>In September 2008 official aid donors and recipients will meet in Accra, Ghana, to discuss how to make development assistance more effective. CGD president Nancy Birdsall and co-author Kate Vyborny suggest that advocates of better aid who really want a win at Accra forget haggling over broad...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="tab-box experts"> <ul> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1423544_file_barder170.jpg&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/expert/detail/1423544/">Owen Barder</a>, Senior Fellow and Director for Europe <div><p>Owen Barder's work focuses on transparency and accountability in aid and the political economy of development policies. As director for Europe, he is leading CGD's effort to internationalize its policy outreach. He was previously a British civil servant in a career spanning more than 20 years and...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/483_file_birdsall170.jpg&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/expert/detail/483/">Nancy Birdsall</a>, President <div><p>An internationally recognized expert on the impact of rich-country policies on poor people in developing countries, Nancy Birdsall is the author, co-author, or editor of more than a dozen books and over 100 articles in scholarly journals and monographs, published in English and Spanish. She is the...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/10007_file_mead_over.JPG&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/expert/detail/10007/">Mead Over</a>, Senior Fellow <div><p>Mead Over applies economics and statistics in the search for more effective, efficient, and pro-poor health policies in developing countries. His newest book is Achieving an AIDS Transition: Preventing Infections to Sustain Treatment.</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/16573_file_image_savedoff_exp.jpg&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/expert/detail/16573/">William Savedoff</a>, Senior Fellow <div><p>Bill Savedoff has been working for more than 20 years on economic and social development issues. His work is focused on finding ways to improve the quality of social services in developing countries, with particular attention to incentives, institutions, and political economy. His most recent book...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="tab-box publications"> <ul> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424685_image_COD_Aid_pakistan.gif&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a style="font-weight: bold;" href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424685/">The Challenge of Aid in Pakistan: Is Cash on Delivery Part of the Solution?</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 29, 2011</span> <div class="item-description"> <p> This brief examines options for a COD Aid contract in Pakistan’s education sector and its potential benefits for improving the relationship between official donors and the government of Pakistan, and for increasing the effectiveness of aid spending in Pakistan. </p> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424950_image_Ergo_Puhl_trAid_cover.gif&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a style="font-weight: bold;" href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424950/">TrAid+ Channeling Development Assistance to Results - Working Paper 247</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 29, 2011</span> <div class="item-description"> <p> Traditional donor financing mechanisms tend to track inputs instead of results, lack transparency, accountability, and country ownership. These inefficiencies waste resources, erode the trust of aid constituencies, and fail to improve the lives of the poor. TrAid+ is a new mechanism that aims to... </p> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style=""> <a style="font-weight: bold;" href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424912/">COD Aid: Transfers for Transformation (Presentation)</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 14, 2011</span> <div class="item-description"> <p> In a presentation delivered at the UK Department for International Development on March 9, 2011, CGD president Nancy Birdsall spoke about opportunities and challenges for the implementation of Cash on Delivery Aid, an approach that allows aid agencies to address both short-term and long-term... </p> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424603_image_COD_Aid_brief_200.gif&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a style="font-weight: bold;" href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424603/">Cash on Delivery: A New Approach to Foreign Aid (brief)</a> <span class="item-date"> - Nov 15, 2010</span> <div class="item-description"> <p> This brief describes a new approach, Cash on Delivery Aid, which gives recipients full responsibility and authority over funds paid in proportion to verified measures of progress. </p> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424247_image_wheeler_tailor_essay_thumbnail_50_px.jpg&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a style="font-weight: bold;" href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424247/">Tailored Aid for a Tailored Age?</a> <span class="item-date"> - Jun 24, 2010</span> <div class="item-description"> <p> In this short essay, senior fellow David Wheeler compares the world’s foreign assistance architecture to how the rest of the world operates in the digital age. He suggests that multilateral and bilateral transactions from one behemoth to another may be stuck in the past now that technology can... </p> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424088_image_how_to_pay_cash_on_delivery.jpg&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a style="font-weight: bold;" href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424088/">How to Pay “Cash-on-Delivery” for HIV Infections Averted: Two Measurement Approaches and Ten Payout Functions - Working Paper 210</a> <span class="item-date"> - Apr 23, 2010</span> <div class="item-description"> <p> This paper proposes a cash-on-delivery approach to reward AIDS programs in accordance with the number of verifiable HIV infections they avert. </p> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1423949_image_cash_on_delivery.jpg&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a style="font-weight: bold;" href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1423949/">Cash on Delivery: A New Approach to Foreign Aid</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 16, 2010</span> <div class="item-description"> <p> Cash on Delivery (COD) Aid proposes serious reform to make aid work well by forcing accountability, aligning the objectives of funders and recipients, and sharing information about what works. </p> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style=""> <a style="font-weight: bold;" href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1421419/">The End of ODA: Death and Rebirth of a Global Public Policy - Working Paper 167</a> <span class="item-date"> - Mar 25, 2009</span> <div class="item-description"> <p> In this paper, part of the Innovations in Aid series, Jean-Michel Severino and Olivier Ray describe shifts in the objectives of overseas development assistance (ODA) over time and conclude that it is time to put the concept itself to bed—in favor of what they propose should be called “Global... </p> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style=""> <a style="font-weight: bold;" href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/16551/">A Little Less Talk: Six Steps to Get Some Action from the Accra Agenda</a> <span class="item-date"> - Aug 21, 2008</span> <div class="item-description"> <p> In September 2008 official aid donors and recipients will meet in Accra, Ghana, to discuss how to make development assistance more effective. CGD president Nancy Birdsall and co-author Kate Vyborny suggest that advocates of better aid who really want a win at Accra forget haggling over broad... </p> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style=""> <a style="font-weight: bold;" href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/16446/">Reinventing Foreign Aid</a> <span class="item-date"> - Jul 31, 2008</span> <div class="item-description"> <p> In Reinventing Foreign Aid, CGD non-resident fellow William Easterly has gathered top scholars in the field to discuss how to improve foreign aid. These authors, Easterly points out, are not claiming that their ideas will (to invoke a current slogan) Make Poverty History. Rather, they take on... </p> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style=""> <a style="font-weight: bold;" href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/16247/">Measuring Progress with Tests of Learning: Pros and Cons for "Cash on Delivery Aid" in Education - Working Paper 147</a> <span class="item-date"> - Jun 16, 2008</span> <div class="item-description"> <p> Improving education has been a central goal of international development for decades, and the best indicators of improvement measure student performance. But can such measurements be used as incentives to stimulate more rapid improvement in education? There are no simple answers to this question... </p> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="tab-box events"> <ul> <li> <div style=""> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/calendar/detail/1423964/">Cash on Delivery: A New Approach to Foreign Aid</a> <span class="item-date">- Mar 23, 2010</span> <div><p>Donor countries have committed to major increases in development assistance but doubts remain over how effective this aid is. At this launch of their new book, authors Nancy Birdsall, William Savedoff, and Ayah Mahgoub present Cash on Delivery Aid, an approach that links aid directly to outcomes...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style=""> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/calendar/detail/16678/">The White House and the World: A Global Development Agenda for the Next U.S. President</a> <span class="item-date">- Sep 18, 2008</span> <div><p>Each day brings fresh evidence that Americans’ well-being is linked to the lives of others around the world as never before. Accelerating advances in technology and the creation of new knowledge offer undreamed-of opportunities. Yet global poverty, inequality, disease and the threat of rapid...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style=""> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/calendar/detail/16023/">Aid Effectiveness: How Well is EU Aid Spent?</a> <span class="item-date">- May 16, 2008</span> <div><p>In the run up to Accra High Level Forum on Aid Effectives, Koos Richelle, Director General for EuropeAid, the European Commission's development implementation entity, will talk about the EU's commitment to Aid Effectiveness (European Consensus). Richelle will examine whether Europe is delivering on...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style=""> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/calendar/detail/12911/">Donor Politics and the Channels and Effectiveness of Foreign Aid</a> <span class="item-date">- Mar 1, 2007</span> <div><p>The literature on aid effectiveness has focused more on recipient policies than the determinants of aid allocation yet a consistent result is that political allies obtain more aid from donors than non-allies. In the first of two papers, we show that aid allocated to political allies is ineffective...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="tab-box multimedia"> <ul> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424949_image_birdsall170.jpg&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/multimedia/detail/1424949/"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://blogs.cgdev.org/global_prosperity_wonkcast/2011/03/28/nancy-birdsall-on-cash-on-delivery-cod-aid/"/> Nancy Birdsall on Cash on Delivery (COD) Aid</a> <span class="item-date">- Mar 28, 2011</span> <div class="item-description"><p>A little over a year ago, I invited Nancy Birdsall, founding president of the Center for Global Development, to join me on the Wonkcast to talk about her big new idea, Cash on Delivery Aid (COD Aid), an innovative approach to the delivery of foreign assistance. COD Aid has since gained a lot of...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1425780_image_Capture_CODaid.PNG&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/multimedia/detail/1425780/">Cash on Delivery: A New Approach to Foreign Aid</a> <span class="item-date">- Dec 2, 2010</span> <div class="item-description"><p> In this two-minute clip from 2010, Ayah Mahgoub, former CGD special assistant to the president, discusses Cash on Delivery  Aid (COD Aid), a CGD initiative for making aid more effective. COD Aid builds on existing initiatives to disburse aid against results but links payments more ...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1424005_image_timthumb.png&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/multimedia/detail/1424005/">Cash on Delivery: A New Approach to Foreign Aid</a> <span class="item-date">- Mar 22, 2010</span> <div class="item-description"><p>At the March 23, 2010 launch of their new book, Cash on Delivery: A new approach to foreign aid with an application to primary schooling, authors Nancy Birdsall, President, Center for Global Development; William Savedoff, Senior Fellow, Center for Global Development; and Ayah Mahgoub, Program...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1423944_image_Ayah_170x170.JPG&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/multimedia/detail/1423944/"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://blogs.cgdev.org/global_prosperity_wonkcast/2010/03/09/cash-on-delivery-aid-ayah-mahgoub-on-cod-in-education/">Cash on Delivery Aid: Ayah Mahgoub on COD in Education</a></a> <span class="item-date">- Mar 9, 2010</span> <div class="item-description"><p>I'm joined this week by Ayah Mahgoub, a program coordinator here at the Center for Global Development who works on issues related to the effectiveness of foreign aid. Along with Nancy Birdsall and Bill Savedoff, Ayah is working on designing a new form of development assistance called Cash on...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/1423829_image_file_Birdsallfordist.jpg&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/multimedia/detail/1423829/"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://blogs.cgdev.org/global_prosperity_wonkcast/2010/02/17/nancy-birdsall-on-cash-on-delivery-aid/">Nancy Birdsall on Cash on Delivery Aid</a></a> <span class="item-date">- Feb 17, 2010</span> <div class="item-description"><p>Can aid donors find a better way to deliver aid? My guest this week is Nancy Birdsall, president of the Center for Global Development. Along with William Savedoff and Ayah Mahgoub, Nancy is working on a potential new way of disbursing foreign assistance called Cash on Delivery Aid. COD Aid seeks to...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style="float:left; width:60px"> <img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/37.gif&w=50&h=50" alt=""/> </div> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/multimedia/detail/1421161/">What Would the Poor Say: Debates in Aid Evaluation (Presentation)</a> <span class="item-date">- Feb 13, 2009</span> <div class="item-description"><p>In a presentation delivered at NYU's Aid Watch Conference, CGD president Nancy Birdsall, in a session on accountabilty, spoke about Cash on Delivery Aid, a way for donors to transfer money that could make aid-dependent governments accountable for outcomes to their citizens -- instead of for inputs...</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> <li> <div style=""> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/multimedia/detail/16776/">Cash on Delivery Aid (Interview)</a> <span class="item-date">- Mar 17, 2008</span> <div class="item-description"><p>Nancy Birdsall, president of the Center for Global Development discusses CGD's Cash on Delivery Aid initiative.</p></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="tab-box selected_works"> <div id="tweets_div"><h3>Cash on Delivery Aid Newsletter</h3><p style="margin-top: -10px;">Stay abreast of major trends and new ideas in Cash on Delivery Aid by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/subscribe"><strong>subscribing</strong></a> to the e-newsletter.</p> <style type="text/css">.twtr-hd{ display: none; 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padding-right:10px" src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/timthumb.php?src=/files/10007_file_mead_over.JPG&w=60&h=60&zc=1" alt="No photo available"/> <div style="margin-left:70px"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/expert/detail/10007/">Mead Over</a>, Senior Fellow </div> <div class="clear"></div> </li></ul> <div style="float:right"><a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/expert/?initiative=14764" class="more-link">More</a></div> <div class="clear"></div> <h3>In the News</h3> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/article/detail/1425073/">Is Cash on Delivery the Future for Aid? (The Guardian)</a> - May 13</li> <li><a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/article/detail/1424925/">A Pay-for-Performance Evolution (New York Times)</a> - Mar 18</li> <li><a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/article/detail/1424923/">Aid delivery: cash, checks and credibility (The Guardian)</a> - Mar 18</li> </ul> <div style="float:right"><a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/content/article/?initiative=14764" class="more-link">More</a></div> <div class="clear"></div> <h3 style="padding:0 0 10px 0">Get Updates</h3> <form method="get" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/subscribe"> <input type="text" name="ce" id="newsletter-input" value="Enter Email" onclick="this.value=''"/> <input type="hidden" name="ACTION_REQUIRED" value="URI_ACTION_USER_REQUESTS"/> <input type="hidden" name="SURVEY_ID" value="1181"/> <input type="submit" id="newsletter-btn" value=""/> </form> <div id="social-icons"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://twitter.com/cgdev" target="_blank"><img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/icon-twitter.png" alt="Twitter"/></a>   <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://www.facebook.com/cgdev" target="_blank"><img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/icon-facebook.png" alt="Facebook"/></a>   <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://www.youtube.com/globaldevelopment" target="_blank"><img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/icon-youtube.png" alt="YouTube"/></a>   <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/section/about_enews/sitefeeds/"><img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/icon-rss-big.png" alt="RSS"/></a>   <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107190736/http://blogs.cgdev.org/global_prosperity_wonkcast/"><img src="/web/20120107190736im_/http://www.cgdev.org/layout/icon-podcast.png" alt="Podcasts"/></a> </div>  </td> </tr> </table>  <div class="clear"></div> </div> <div id="footer"> <div id="footer-top"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%"> <tr> <td align="left"> <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/section/contactus/">Contact Us</a> | <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/section/about/presscenter/">Press Center</a> | <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/section/about/employment/">Jobs</a> | <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/section/about_enews/sitefeeds/">RSS</a> | <a href="/web/20120107190736/http://www.cgdev.org/section/about/donate/">Invest</a> </td> <td align="right"> © 2012, CGD. 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COD Aid : Center for Global Development : Initiatives: Active