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href="#Fictional_character_biography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Fictional character biography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fictional_character_biography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ebony_White" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ebony_White"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ebony White</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ebony_White-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_characters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_characters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Other characters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_characters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Ev'ry_Little_Bug"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Ev'ry_Little_Bug""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>"Ev'ry Little Bug"</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-"Ev'ry_Little_Bug"-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle "Ev'ry Little Bug" subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-"Ev'ry_Little_Bug"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Song_appearances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Song_appearances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Song appearances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Song_appearances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Spirit_and_John_Law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Spirit_and_John_Law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>The Spirit and John Law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Spirit_and_John_Law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assistants_and_collaborators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assistants_and_collaborators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Assistants and collaborators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assistants_and_collaborators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Latter-day_Spirit_comics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latter-day_Spirit_comics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Latter-day Spirit comics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Latter-day_Spirit_comics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Latter-day Spirit comics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Latter-day_Spirit_comics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1960s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1960s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>1960s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1960s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1970s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>1970s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1980s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1980s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>1980s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1980s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1990s_and_beyond" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990s_and_beyond"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>1990s and beyond</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990s_and_beyond-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DC_Comics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DC_Comics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.5</span> <span>DC Comics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DC_Comics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IDW" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IDW"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.6</span> <span>IDW</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IDW-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dynamite_Entertainment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dynamite_Entertainment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.7</span> <span>Dynamite Entertainment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dynamite_Entertainment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_other_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_other_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>In other media</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_other_media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In other media subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_other_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Comic_strip" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comic_strip"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Comic strip</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comic_strip-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television_film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television_film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Television film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television_film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Planned_animated_film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planned_animated_film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Planned animated film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Planned_animated_film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>Radio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collected_editions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collected_editions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Collected editions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collected_editions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header 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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Spirit (comics character)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirit_(tegneserie)" title="Spirit (tegneserie) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Spirit (tegneserie)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Spirit" title="The Spirit – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="The Spirit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Spirit" title="The Spirit – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="The Spirit" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Spirit" title="Le Spirit – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Le Spirit" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Spirit" title="The Spirit – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="The Spirit" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Spirit" title="The Spirit – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="The Spirit" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Spirit" title="The Spirit – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="The Spirit" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Spirit" title="The Spirit – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="The Spirit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirit_(tecknad_serie)" title="Spirit (tecknad serie) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Spirit (tecknad serie)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%97%AA%E7%81%B5%E4%BE%A0" title="闪灵侠 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="闪灵侠" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q59999#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spirit_(comics_character)" title="View the content 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1133511664">.mw-parser-output .ib-comics .infobox-above,.mw-parser-output .ib-comics .infobox-title,.mw-parser-output .ib-comics .infobox-header{background-color:#99c2ff}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-comics{width:24em}.mw-parser-output .ib-comics .infobox-label{width:40%}}</style><table class="infobox ib-comics-character ib-comics"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Spirit</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:TheSpirit11March1951.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/TheSpirit11March1951.jpg/220px-TheSpirit11March1951.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/TheSpirit11March1951.jpg/330px-TheSpirit11March1951.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/TheSpirit11March1951.jpg/440px-TheSpirit11March1951.jpg 2x" data-file-width="975" data-file-height="1312" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Splash_page_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Splash page (comics)">Splash page</a> for "The Case of the 'Double Jones'" (March 11, 1951), depicting the Spirit. Art by <a href="/wiki/Will_Eisner" title="Will Eisner">Will Eisner</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Publication information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_comics_publishing_companies" title="List of comics publishing companies">Publisher</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><b>"The Spirit Section"</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Register_and_Tribune_Syndicate" title="Register and Tribune Syndicate">Register and Tribune Syndicate</a></li> <li><b>Reprints and continuations</b><br />Various, including:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quality_Comics" title="Quality Comics">Quality Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiction_House" title="Fiction House">Fiction House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Comics" title="Harvey Comics">Harvey Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_Sink_Press" title="Kitchen Sink Press">Kitchen Sink Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Publishing" title="Warren Publishing">Warren Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Horse_Comics" title="Dark Horse Comics">Dark Horse Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IDW_Publishing" title="IDW Publishing">IDW Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamite_Entertainment" title="Dynamite Entertainment">Dynamite Entertainment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/First_appearance" title="First appearance">First appearance</a></th><td class="infobox-data">"The Origin of The Spirit" (June 2, 1940)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Will_Eisner" title="Will Eisner">Will Eisner</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">In-story information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alter ego</th><td class="infobox-data">Denny Colt</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Species</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Human" title="Human">Human</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Team affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data">Central City Police Department</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abilities</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li>Master <a href="/wiki/Detective" title="Detective">detective</a> and <a href="/wiki/Criminologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Criminologist">criminologist</a></li> <li>Peak human physical and mental condition</li> <li>Outstanding hand-to-hand combatant</li></ul> <p><b>Later, non-Eisner stories only:</b> </p> <ul><li>Decelerated aging</li></ul> <p><b>Film adaptation only:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Healing_factor" class="mw-redirect" title="Healing factor">Healing factor</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Spirit</b> is a fictional masked crimefighter appearing in <a href="/wiki/American_comic_books" class="mw-redirect" title="American comic books">American comic books</a>. Created by cartoonist <a href="/wiki/Will_Eisner" title="Will Eisner">Will Eisner</a>, he first appeared as the main feature of a <a href="/wiki/Tabloid_(paper_size)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tabloid (paper size)">tabloid</a>-sized comic book insert distributed in the Sunday edition of <a href="/wiki/Register_and_Tribune_Syndicate" title="Register and Tribune Syndicate">Register and Tribune Syndicate</a> newspapers. Popularly referred to as "The Spirit Section", the insert ran from June 2, 1940 to October 5, 1952.<sup id="cite_ref-Holtz_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holtz-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Spirit is the alias of <b>Denny Colt</b>, a <a href="/wiki/Private_investigator" title="Private investigator">private investigator</a> and <a href="/wiki/Criminologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Criminologist">criminologist</a> based in the fictional Central City, who falls into <a href="/wiki/Suspended_animation" title="Suspended animation">suspended animation</a> while trying to apprehend the <a href="/wiki/Mad_scientist" title="Mad scientist">mad scientist</a> Dr. Cobra. <a href="/wiki/Legal_death" title="Legal death">Officially pronounced dead</a>, Colt revives after being interred in Wildwood Cemetery. With the blessing of his old friend, police Commissioner Eustace Dolan, Colt becomes a <a href="/wiki/Domino_mask" title="Domino mask">domino mask</a>-wearing "<a href="/wiki/Vigilantism" title="Vigilantism">friendly outlaw</a>" who pursues criminals that might otherwise escape capture by traditional law enforcement. The Spirit usually does not possess any <a href="/wiki/Superpower_(ability)" title="Superpower (ability)">superpowers</a>, but relies on his wits and physical prowess, as well as the myth of his supposed <a href="/wiki/Resurrection" title="Resurrection">resurrection</a>, in his battles against evildoers. He frequently encounters <a href="/wiki/Femme_fatale" title="Femme fatale">femme fatales</a> over the course of his adventures, including serial seducer P'Gell, thief-turned-troubleshooter Silk Satin, and his estranged childhood friend Sand Saref; he also comes into conflict with his archenemy the <a href="/wiki/The_Octopus_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Octopus (comics)">Octopus</a>, an unseen <a href="/wiki/Criminal_mastermind" class="mw-redirect" title="Criminal mastermind">criminal mastermind</a>. Other supporting characters include <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Dolan_(comics)" title="Ellen Dolan (comics)">Ellen Dolan</a>, Commissioner Dolan's headstrong daughter and the Spirit's primary <a href="/wiki/Love_interest" class="mw-redirect" title="Love interest">love interest</a>, and his recurring <a href="/wiki/Sidekick" title="Sidekick">sidekick</a> <a href="/wiki/Ebony_White" title="Ebony White">Ebony White</a>, a young, diminutive <a href="/wiki/Cab_driver" class="mw-redirect" title="Cab driver">cab driver</a>. </p><p>"The Spirit Section" was commissioned by <a href="/wiki/Quality_Comics" title="Quality Comics">Quality Comics</a> publisher <a href="/wiki/Everett_M._%22Busy%22_Arnold" class="mw-redirect" title="Everett M. "Busy" Arnold">Everett M. "Busy" Arnold</a> as a means of helping the Register and Tribune compete with the burgeoning comic book industry; Eisner, with the assistance of several <a href="/wiki/Ghost_writer" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghost writer">ghost writers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ghost_artist" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghost artist">artists</a>, used <i>The Spirit</i> to reach a more mature readership compared to other comic books of the time. Although predominantly a mix of <a href="/wiki/Crime_drama" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime drama">crime drama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hardboiled" title="Hardboiled">noir</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mystery_fiction" title="Mystery fiction">mystery</a>, the series defied reader expectations by wildly experimenting with genre and tone, including <a href="/wiki/Horror_fiction" title="Horror fiction">horror</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slapstick_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Slapstick comedy">slapstick comedy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romance_comics_in_the_United_States_(1946%E2%80%931975)" class="mw-redirect" title="Romance comics in the United States (1946–1975)">romance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fantasy_comics" title="Fantasy comics">fantasy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metafiction" title="Metafiction">metafiction</a> and <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comics" title="Science fiction comics">science fiction</a>. In some stories, the role of the Spirit himself amounts to only a <a href="/wiki/Cameo_appearance" title="Cameo appearance">cameo appearance</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Paul_Gravett" title="Paul Gravett">Paul Gravett</a> noting that the character would often take a "back seat to the small dramas of losers, dreamers and ordinary joes", and that the series as a whole was, "as much as anything, about the <a href="/wiki/Human_spirit" class="mw-redirect" title="Human spirit">human spirit</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Gravett_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gravett-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the peak of its popularity, "The Spirit Section" was included in 20 American newspapers, with a total circulation of five million copies. </p><p>From the 1960s to the 1980s, Eisner wrote and drew a handful of new <i>Spirit</i> stories, which appeared in <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Comics" title="Harvey Comics">Harvey Comics</a> and elsewhere. <a href="/wiki/Warren_Publishing" title="Warren Publishing">Warren Publishing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kitchen_Sink_Press" title="Kitchen Sink Press">Kitchen Sink Press</a> variously reprinted the newspaper feature in black-and-white comics magazines and color comic books; <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a> reprinted the entirety of Eisner's run in a 26-volume color collection known as <i>The Spirit Archives</i>. From the 1990s to the 2010s, Kitchen Sink Press, DC Comics and <a href="/wiki/Dynamite_Entertainment" title="Dynamite Entertainment">Dynamite Entertainment</a> also published new <i>Spirit</i> stories by other writers and artists. </p><p>Widely regarded as Eisner's most famous creation,<sup id="cite_ref-Gravett_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gravett-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Spirit</i> has been credited with influencing the later <a href="/wiki/Underground_comix" title="Underground comix">underground comix</a> movement and such filmmakers as <a href="/wiki/William_Friedkin" title="William Friedkin">William Friedkin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brad_Bird" title="Brad Bird">Brad Bird</a>. In 2011, <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a> ranked the Spirit as 21st in the Top 100 Comic Book Heroes of all time. In other media, the character was portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Sam_J._Jones" title="Sam J. Jones">Sam J. Jones</a> in a 1987 <a href="/wiki/Television_film" title="Television film">television film</a> and by <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Macht" title="Gabriel Macht">Gabriel Macht</a> in a 2008 <a href="/wiki/The_Spirit_(2008_film)" title="The Spirit (2008 film)">film adaptation</a> written and directed by <a href="/wiki/Frank_Miller" title="Frank Miller">Frank Miller</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publication_history">Publication history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Publication history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In late 1939, <a href="/wiki/Everett_M._%22Busy%22_Arnold" class="mw-redirect" title="Everett M. "Busy" Arnold">Everett M. "Busy" Arnold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Publisher" class="mw-redirect" title="Publisher">publisher</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Quality_Comics" title="Quality Comics">Quality Comics</a> comic-book line, began exploring an expansion into newspaper Sunday supplements, aware that many newspapers felt they had to compete with the suddenly burgeoning new medium of <a href="/wiki/American_comic_books" class="mw-redirect" title="American comic books">American comic books</a>, as exemplified by the <i>Chicago Tribune Comic Book</i>, premiering two months before "The Spirit Section".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arnold compiled a presentation piece with existing Quality Comics material. An editor of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Star" title="The Washington Star">The Washington Star</a></i> liked <a href="/wiki/George_Brenner" title="George Brenner">George Brenner</a>'s comic-book feature "<a href="/wiki/Clock_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Clock (comics)">The Clock</a>", but not Brenner's art, and was favorably disposed toward a <a href="/wiki/Lou_Fine" title="Lou Fine">Lou Fine</a> strip. Arnold, concerned over the meticulous Fine's slowness and his ability to meet deadlines, claimed it was the work of Eisner, Fine's boss at the <a href="/wiki/Eisner_%26_Iger" title="Eisner & Iger">Eisner & Iger</a> studio, from which Arnold bought his outsourced comics work. </p><p>In "late '39, just before <a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a> time", Eisner recalled in 1979,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Arnold came to me and said that the Sunday newspapers were looking for a way of getting into this comic book boom". In a 2004 interview, Eisner elaborated on that meeting: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"Busy" invited me up for lunch one day and introduced me to [sales manager of the Des Moines Register and Tribune Syndicate] Henry Martin, who said, "The newspapers in this country, particularly the Sunday papers, are looking to compete with comics books, and they would like to get a comic-book insert into the newspapers"... Martin asked if I could do it... It meant that I'd have to leave Eisner & Iger [which] was making money; we were very profitable at that time and things were going very well. A hard decision. Anyway, I agreed to do the Sunday comic book and we started discussing the deal [which] was that we'd be partners in the "Comic Book Section", as they called it at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-ae48p10_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ae48p10-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Eisner negotiated an agreement with the syndicate in which Arnold would copyright the feature but, "Written down in the contract I had with 'Busy' Arnold<span class="nowrap"> </span>— and this contract exists today as the basis for my copyright ownership<span class="nowrap"> </span>— Arnold agreed that it was my property. They agreed that if we had a split-up in any way, the property would revert to me on that day that happened. My attorney went to 'Busy' Arnold and his family, and they all signed a release agreeing that they would not pursue the question of ownership."<sup id="cite_ref-ae48p10_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ae48p10-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This would include the eventual backup features, "<a href="/wiki/Mr._Mystic" title="Mr. Mystic">Mr. Mystic</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Lady_Luck_(comics)" title="Lady Luck (comics)">Lady Luck</a>." </p><p>Selling his share of their firm to Iger, who would continue to package comics as the S. M. Iger Studio and as Phoenix Features through 1955, for $20,000,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eisner left to create "The Spirit Section". "They gave me an adult audience", Eisner said in 1997, "and I wanted to write better things than superheroes. Comic books were a ghetto. I sold my part of the enterprise to my associate and then began The Spirit. They wanted an heroic character, a costumed character. They asked me if he'd have a costume. And I put a mask on him and said, 'Yes, he has a costume!'"<sup id="cite_ref-jkc16_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jkc16-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The character and the types of stories Eisner would tell, Eisner said in 1978, derived from his desire </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>...to do short stories. I always regarded comics as a legitimate medium, my medium. Creating a detective character would... provide me with the most viable vehicle for the kind of stories I could best tell. The syndicate people weren't in full agreement with me... [I]n my first discussion with 'Busy' Arnold, his thinking centered around a superhero kind of character—a costumed character; we didn't use the word 'superhero' in those days... and I argued vehemently against it because I [had] had my bellyful of creating costumed heroes at Eisner and Iger... [S]o actually one evening, around three in the morning, I was still working, trying to find it—I only had about a week-and-a-half or two weeks in which to produce the first issue, the whole deal was done in quite a rush—and I came up with an outlaw hero, suitable, I felt, for an adult audience.<sup id="cite_ref-tcj46p37_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcj46p37-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The character's name, he said in that interview, came from Arnold: "When 'Busy' Arnold called, he suggested a kind of ghost or some kind of metaphysical character. He said, 'How about a thing called the Ghost?' and I said, 'Naw, that's not any good,' and he said, 'Well, then, call it the Spirit; there's nothing like that around.' I said, 'Well, I don't know what you mean.,' and he said, 'Well, you can figure <i>that</i> out—I just like the words "the Spirit."' He was calling from a bar somewhere, I think... [A]nd actually, the more I thought about it the more I realized I didn't care about the name."<sup id="cite_ref-tcj46p37_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcj46p37-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>The Spirit</i>, an initially eight (and later seven) page urban-crimefighter series, ran with the initial backup features "Mr. Mystic" and "Lady Luck" in a 16-page Sunday supplement (colloquially called "The Spirit Section") that was eventually distributed in 20 newspapers with a combined circulation of as many as five million copies.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It premiered June 2, 1940, and continued through 1952.<sup id="cite_ref-gcd1940series_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gcd1940series-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eisner, the overall editor, wrote and drew most <i>Spirit</i> entries, with the uncredited assistance of his studio of assistants and collaborators, though with Eisner's singular vision a unifying factor.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1940–1950, <a href="/wiki/Everett_M._%22Busy%22_Arnold" class="mw-redirect" title="Everett M. "Busy" Arnold">Busy Arnold</a> reprinted <i>Spirit</i> stories under his <a href="/wiki/Quality_Comics" title="Quality Comics">Quality Comics</a> banner, first individually from 1940–1947 as one of the features in ninety-two issues of <i><a href="/wiki/Police_Comics" title="Police Comics">Police Comics</a></i> (#11–102),<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and from 1944–1950 as twenty-two issues of an associated <i>Spirit</i> comic book with several stories per issue.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1952–1954, <a href="/wiki/Fiction_House" title="Fiction House">Fiction House</a> published five issues of their own <i>Spirit</i> reprint comic book, continuing this process.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TheSpiritNo21.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/TheSpiritNo21.jpg/260px-TheSpiritNo21.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="377" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/TheSpiritNo21.jpg/390px-TheSpiritNo21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/TheSpiritNo21.jpg/520px-TheSpiritNo21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="975" data-file-height="1414" /></a><figcaption>Eisner's splash page for "P'Gell of Paris" (October 6, 1946). Note the innovative use of title design, the mix of color and black-and-white, and the shadowing and texturing that combine for exotic noir effect.</figcaption></figure> <p>Eisner was <a href="/wiki/Military_conscription" class="mw-redirect" title="Military conscription">drafted</a> into the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army">U.S. Army</a> in late 1941, "and then had about another half-year which the government gave me to clean up my affairs before going off" to fight in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tcj46p37_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcj46p37-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his absence, the newspaper syndicate used ghost writers and artists to continue the strip, including <a href="/wiki/Manly_Wade_Wellman" title="Manly Wade Wellman">Manly Wade Wellman</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Woolfolk" title="William Woolfolk">William Woolfolk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Cole_(artist)" title="Jack Cole (artist)">Jack Cole</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lou_Fine" title="Lou Fine">Lou Fine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eisner's rumpled, masked hero (with his headquarters under the tombstone of his supposedly deceased true identity, Denny Colt) and his gritty, detailed view of big-city life (based on Eisner's Jewish upbringing in New York City) both reflected and anticipated the <i><a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">noir</a></i> outlook of film and fiction in the 1940s.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eisner said in 2001 that he created the strip as a vehicle to explore various genres: "When I created The Spirit, I never had any intention of creating a superhero. I never felt The Spirit would dominate the feature. He served as a sort of an identity for the strip. The stories were what I was interested in."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some episodes, the nominal hero makes a brief, almost incidental appearance while the story focuses on a real-life drama played out in streets, dilapidated <a href="/wiki/Tenements" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenements">tenements</a>, and smoke-filled back rooms. Yet along with <a href="/wiki/Violence" title="Violence">violence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pathos" title="Pathos">pathos</a>, the feature lived on <a href="/wiki/Humor" class="mw-redirect" title="Humor">humor</a>, both subtle and overt. He was shot, knocked silly, bruised, often amazed into near immobility and constantly confused by beautiful women.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The feature ended with the October 5, 1952, edition.<sup id="cite_ref-gcd1940series_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gcd1940series-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As <i><a href="/wiki/The_Comics_Journal" title="The Comics Journal">The Comics Journal</a></i> editor-publisher <a href="/wiki/Gary_Groth" title="Gary Groth">Gary Groth</a> wrote, "By the late '40s, Eisner's participation in the strip had dwindled to a largely supervisory role. ... Eisner hired <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Grandenetti" title="Jerry Grandenetti">Jerry Grandenetti</a> and Jim Dixon to occasionally ink his pencils. By 1950, <a href="/wiki/Jules_Feiffer" title="Jules Feiffer">Jules Feiffer</a> was writing most of the strips, and Grandenetti, Dixon, and Al Wenzel were drawing them."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Grandenetti, who <a href="/wiki/Penciller" title="Penciller">penciled</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Ghostwriter" title="Ghostwriter">ghost-artist</a> under Eisner's byline, said in 2005 that before the feature's demise, Eisner had "tried everything. Had me penciling 'The Spirit'. Later on it was Wally Wood", who drew the final installments.<sup id="cite_ref-arndt_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arndt-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fictional_character_biography">Fictional character biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Fictional character biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Spirit, referred to in one newspaper article cited below as "the only real middle-class crimefighter", was the hero persona of young detective/criminologist Denny Colt.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Presumed killed in the first three pages of the premiere story, Colt later revealed to his friend, Central City Police Commissioner Dolan, that he had in fact gone into suspended animation caused by the villainous Dr. Cobra's experiments. When Colt awakened in Wildwood Cemetery, he established a base there (underneath his own tombstone). Using his new-found anonymity, Colt began a life of fighting <a href="/wiki/Crime" title="Crime">crime</a> wearing a simple costume consisting of a blue <a href="/wiki/Domino_mask" title="Domino mask">domino mask</a>, <a href="/wiki/Business_suit" class="mw-redirect" title="Business suit">business suit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fedora_hat" class="mw-redirect" title="Fedora hat">fedora hat</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gloves" class="mw-redirect" title="Gloves">gloves</a> (plus a white <a href="/wiki/Shirt" title="Shirt">shirt</a> and red <a href="/wiki/Necktie" title="Necktie">necktie</a>). While elements of this basic costume occasionally vary (depending on the Spirit's circumstances and where he is in the world), he is always depicted wearing his blue domino mask and blue leather gloves.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Spirit dispensed <a href="/wiki/Justice" title="Justice">justice</a> with the aid of his assistant Ebony White, funding his adventures with an inheritance from his late father Denny Colt Sr. and the rewards from capturing various villains.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Spirit originally was based in New York City, but this was quickly changed to the fictional "Central City". Not tied to one locale, his adventures took him around the globe and even to the Moon. He met eccentrics, kooks, and <a href="/wiki/Femme_fatale" title="Femme fatale">femmes fatale</a>, bringing his own form of justice to all of them. The story changed continually, but certain themes remained constant: the love between the Spirit and Dolan's feisty <a href="/wiki/Protofeminist" class="mw-redirect" title="Protofeminist">protofeminist</a> daughter Ellen; the annual "<a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a> Spirit" stories; and his archenemy the <a href="/wiki/The_Octopus_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Octopus (comics)">Octopus</a> (a psychopathic criminal mastermind who was never seen, except for his distinctive purple gloves).<sup id="cite_ref-Eisner,_Will_2015_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eisner,_Will_2015-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ebony_White">Ebony White</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ebony White"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Spirit_10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9d/The_Spirit_10.jpg/220px-The_Spirit_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/9d/The_Spirit_10.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="266" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>The Spirit with Ebony White. <i>The Spirit</i> #10 (Fall 1947), <a href="/wiki/Quality_Comics" title="Quality Comics">Quality Comics</a>. Cover art by <a href="/wiki/Reed_Crandall" title="Reed Crandall">Reed Crandall</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Eisner was criticized for his depiction of <a href="/wiki/Ebony_White" title="Ebony White">Ebony White</a>, the Spirit's <a href="/wiki/African-American" class="mw-redirect" title="African-American">African-American</a> <a href="/wiki/Sidekick" title="Sidekick">sidekick</a>. The character's name is a racial <a href="/wiki/Pun" title="Pun">pun</a>, and his facial features, including large white eyes and thick pinkish lips, are typical of racial <a href="/wiki/Blackface" title="Blackface">blackface</a> caricatures popular throughout the "<a href="/wiki/Jim_Crow_laws" title="Jim Crow laws">Jim Crow</a>" era. Eisner later admitted to consciously stereotyping the character, but said he tried to do so with "responsibility", and argued that "at the time humor consisted in our society of bad English and physical difference in identity".<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The character, who was consistently treated with respect by the strip's fellow cast-members, developed beyond the stereotype as the series progressed, and Eisner also introduced such African-American characters as the no-nonsense Detective Grey who defied popular stereotypes. </p><p>Ebony debuted as a resourceful taxi driver in the first "Spirit Section". He became a mainstay of the strip and a principal member of the Spirit's supporting cast, appearing semi-regularly as the focus of an episode rather than the Spirit himself. Eisner phased him out of the series in 1949, introducing a Caucasian boy named Sammy as the Spirit's new assistant. Sammy returns to Central City with the Spirit from an adventure in the South Seas, and is welcomed by Ebony and the Dolans. Ebony appears only briefly over the subsequent months, then is not seen again during the regular run of the series. His last "starring" role was in "Young Dr. Ebony", published on May 29, 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The character appears as an adult office worker in a one-off Spirit story that appeared January 9, 1966, in the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald_Tribune" title="New York Herald Tribune">New York Herald Tribune</a></i>. In an accompanying feature article in that edition, Eisner's former office manager Marilyn Mercer wrote, "Ebony never drew criticism from Negro groups (in fact, Eisner was commended by some for using him), perhaps because, although his speech pattern was early <a href="/wiki/Minstrel_Show" class="mw-redirect" title="Minstrel Show">Minstrel Show</a>, he himself derived from another literary tradition: he was a combination of <a href="/wiki/Tom_Sawyer" title="Tom Sawyer">Tom Sawyer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Penrod" title="Penrod">Penrod</a>, with a touch of <a href="/wiki/Horatio_Alger" title="Horatio Alger">Horatio Alger</a> hero, and color didn't really come into it".<sup id="cite_ref-mercer_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mercer-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_characters">Other characters</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other characters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Dr. Cobra</b> is a mad scientist whose chemicals and machinations inadvertently help Denny Colt become the Spirit.</li> <li><b>Darling O' Shea</b> is the richest and most spoiled child in the world.</li> <li><b>Hazel P. Macbeth</b> is a witch with a <a href="/wiki/Shakespearean" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakespearean">Shakespearean</a> motif and apparent magical powers. (<i>Vide</i> <a href="/wiki/Macbeth" title="Macbeth">Macbeth</a>.)</li> <li><b>Lorelei Rox</b>, an apparent <a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">siren</a>, appeared in a September 1948 strip and subsequently in 2000s DC Comics Spirit stories. (<i>Vide</i> <a href="/wiki/Lorelei" title="Lorelei">Lorelei</a> rock.)</li> <li><b>Mister Carrion</b> is a morbid <a href="/wiki/Confidence_trick" class="mw-redirect" title="Confidence trick">con man</a> with a pet <a href="/wiki/Vulture" title="Vulture">vulture</a> named Julia. (<i>Vide</i> <a href="/wiki/Carrion" title="Carrion">carrion</a>.)</li> <li>The <b><a href="/wiki/Octopus_(comics)" title="Octopus (comics)">Octopus</a></b> is the <a href="/wiki/Archenemy" title="Archenemy">archenemy</a> of the Spirit. He is a criminal mastermind and master of disguise who never shows his real face, though he is identified by his distinctive purple gloves.<sup id="cite_ref-Eisner,_Will_2015_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eisner,_Will_2015-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the second issue of the 1960s <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Comics" title="Harvey Comics">Harvey Comics</a> <i>Spirit</i> comic book, his name is given as Zitzbath Zark. The first name is a <a href="/wiki/Pun" title="Pun">pun</a> on <a href="/wiki/Sitz_bath" title="Sitz bath">sitz bath</a>.</li> <li><b>P'Gell</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Femme_fatale" title="Femme fatale">femme fatale</a> who perennially tries to seduce the Spirit to a life of crime at her side. She seduces and marries wealthy men who invariably die in mysterious ways, and uses their money to fund her crime empire in <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a> and expand her influence and control over the underworld. After moving to Central City to find the Spirit, she continues her <a href="/wiki/Modus_operandi" title="Modus operandi">modus operandi</a> of selected marriages with the cream of society, even gaining an ally in the form of Saree, the young daughter of one of her deceased husbands. In the 2000s <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a> version, P'Gell was once a young socialite in love with a doctor, working in <a href="/wiki/Third_World" title="Third World">Third World</a> countries, and turned to a life of crime when he was killed. (<i>Vide</i> <a href="/wiki/Quartier_Pigalle" class="mw-redirect" title="Quartier Pigalle">Pigalle</a>.)</li> <li><b>P.S. Smith</b> ("Peppermint Stick" Smith AKA Algernon Tidewater) is a silent, baseball helmet-wearing associate of Ebony. Always sucking on a peppermint stick and appearing to be 6–8 years of age, the wordless <i>P.S.</i> is capable of almost-superhuman feats (always played for comedic effect) and serves as Eisner's comic embodiment of anarchy and disruption. <i>P.S.</i> first appeared in <i>The Philadelphia Inquirer</i> as the star of a silent pantomime strip appearing underneath the main <i>Spirit</i> story, before Eisner introduced the character within the main strip (as <i>Algernon Tidewater</i>) in 1941. The character was renamed <i>P.S.</i> in his first postwar appearance in May 1946.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Officer Sam Klink</b> is a brave, big-hearted but not particularly bright member of the Central City Police Department. A regular member of the postwar <i>Spirit Section</i> cast list, Klink is a loyal aide to Commissioner Dolan and a frequent ally of the Spirit.</li> <li><b>Sand Saref</b> is a childhood friend of Denny Colt, and knows he is the Spirit. Working in espionage, she usually ends up on the opposite side of the law from him. She appears several times, always involved in some criminal scheme. (<i>Vide</i> <a href="/wiki/Sans_serif" class="mw-redirect" title="Sans serif">sans serif</a>.)</li> <li><b>Silk Satin</b> is a tall, statuesque brunette with a white streak in her hair, originally an adventuress who later reformed and worked as an international troubleshooter for the insurance company Croyd's of Glasgow. In later stories, it is revealed she has a daughter, Hildie, who motivates her to stay on the straight path. In the 2000s DC Comics revival, she is a smaller, more slender, blond <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a> agent.</li> <li><b>Silken Floss</b> is a nuclear physicist and a surgeon, who acts as the accomplice to the Octopus.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id=""Ev'ry_Little_Bug""><span id=".22Ev.27ry_Little_Bug.22"></span>"Ev'ry Little Bug"</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: "Ev'ry Little Bug""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The song "Ev'ry Little Bug" (with lyrics written by Eisner) appears regularly between 1946 and 1950. The initial lines of the song were first uttered in the story "Poole's Toadstool Facial Cream" (June 9, 1946). By the end of 1946, all of the lyrics had appeared, sung by various characters. In 1947, Eisner collaborated with his World War II service friend Bill Harr, who composed a melody for Eisner's lyrics.<sup id="cite_ref-Sakaii1988_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sakaii1988-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The complete song appears in the April 27, 1947 "Spirit Section", here titled "Ev'ry Li'l Bug", with Ebony credited within the storyline as its composer. In the story "Wiffenpoof" (June 29, 1947), real-life operatic singer Robert Merrill was depicted singing the tune. Shortly afterward, the Robbins Music Corporation of New York published "Ev'ry Little Bug" as sheet music, with an image of Ebony on its cover page.<sup id="cite_ref-Andelman2015_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andelman2015-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After three more appearances in the strip, "Ev'ry Little Bug" remained dormant until 1987, when music producer John Christensen assembled a recording featuring five versions of the tune, released by Kitchen Sink as a picture disc with an exclusive Spirit/Ebony image illustrated by Eisner on one side and the original art for the sheet music on the other.<sup id="cite_ref-Sakaii1988_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sakaii1988-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The record featured actor <a href="/wiki/Billy_Mumy" class="mw-redirect" title="Billy Mumy">Billy Mumy</a> playing guitar on some tracks.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Song_appearances">Song appearances</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Song appearances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>June 9, 1946 – "Poole's Toadstool Facial Cream"</li> <li>July 7, 1946 – "Dulcet Tone"</li> <li>October 13, 1946 – "The Heart of Rosie Lee"</li> <li>December 15, 1946 – "The Van Gaul Diamonds"</li> <li>December 29, 1946 – "Hubert The Duck"</li> <li>February 2, 1947 – "The Cosmic Answer"</li> <li>March 16, 1947 – "Hoagy the Yogi"</li> <li>April 27, 1947 – "Ev'ry Li'l Bug"</li> <li>June 29, 1947 – "Wiffenpoof"</li> <li>August 17, 1947 – "The Picnic"</li> <li>March 27, 1949 – "The Dummy"</li> <li>April 30, 1950 – "Wanted, Dangerous Job"</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Spirit_and_John_Law">The Spirit and John Law</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: The Spirit and John Law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several Spirit stories, such as the first appearance of Sand Saref, were retooled from a failed publishing venture featuring an <a href="/wiki/Eyepatch" title="Eyepatch">eyepatched</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pipe-smoking" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipe-smoking">pipe-smoking</a> detective named <a href="/wiki/John_Law_(comics)" title="John Law (comics)">John Law</a>. Law and his shoeshine-boy sidekick, Nubbin, starred in several adventures planned for a new comics series. These completed adventures were eventually adapted into Spirit stories, with John Law's eyepatch being changed to the Spirit's mask, and Nubbin redrawn as Willum Waif or other Spirit supporting characters. </p><p>The original John Law stories were restored and published in <i>Will Eisner's John Law: Dead Man Walking</i> (<a href="/wiki/IDW_Publishing" title="IDW Publishing">IDW Publishing</a>, 2004), a collection of stories that also features new adventures by writer-artist Gary Chaloner, starring John Law, Nubbin, and other Eisner creations, including <i><a href="/wiki/Lady_Luck_(comics)" title="Lady Luck (comics)">Lady Luck</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Mr._Mystic" title="Mr. Mystic">Mr. Mystic</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Assistants_and_collaborators">Assistants and collaborators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Assistants and collaborators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Like most artists working in newspaper comic strips, Eisner after a time employed a studio of assistants who, on any given week's story, might draw or simply ink backgrounds, ink parts of Eisner's main characters (such as clothing or shoes), or as eventually occurred, ghost-draw the strip entirely. Eisner also eventually used ghostwriters, generally in collaboration with him. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jules_Feiffer" title="Jules Feiffer">Jules Feiffer</a>, who began as an art assistant <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1946</span> and later became the primary writer through the strip's end in 1952, recalled, "When I first worked for Will there was John Spranger, who was his penciler and a wonderful draftsman; better than Will. There was <a href="/wiki/Sam_Rosen_(comics)" title="Sam Rosen (comics)">Sam Rosen</a>, the lettering man. <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Grandenetti" title="Jerry Grandenetti">Jerry Grandenetti</a> came a little after me and did backgrounds, and Jerry had some architectural background. His drawing was stiff but loosened up after a while, but he drew backgrounds and inked them beautifully. And Abe Kanegson, who was my best friend in the office, was a jack-of-all-trades but mostly did lettering and backgrounds after Jerry left. Abe was a mentor to me."<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eisner's studio also included:<sup id="cite_ref-gcd1940series_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gcd1940series-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Art assistants: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Powell_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bob Powell (comics)">Bob Powell</a> (1940), <a href="/wiki/Dave_Berg_(cartoonist)" title="Dave Berg (cartoonist)">Dave Berg</a> (backgrounds, 1940–41), Tex Blaisdell (1940–41), <a href="/wiki/Fred_Kida" title="Fred Kida">Fred Kida</a> (1941), Alexander Kostuk a.k.a. Alex Koster (1941–43), <a href="/wiki/Jack_Cole_(artist)" title="Jack Cole (artist)">Jack Cole</a> (1942–43), <a href="/wiki/Jack_Keller_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack Keller (comics)">Jack Keller</a> (backgrounds, 1943), <a href="/wiki/Jules_Feiffer" title="Jules Feiffer">Jules Feiffer</a> (1946–47), Manny Stallman (1947–49), <a href="/wiki/Andre_LeBlanc_(artist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre LeBlanc (artist)">Andre LeBlanc</a> (1950), Al Wenzel (1952)</li> <li>Inkers: <a href="/wiki/Alex_Kotzky" title="Alex Kotzky">Alex Kotzky</a> (1941–43), John Belfi (1942–43), Don Komisarow (1943), Robin King (year?), <a href="/wiki/Joe_Kubert" title="Joe Kubert">Joe Kubert</a> (1943–44), <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Grandenetti" title="Jerry Grandenetti">Jerry Grandenetti</a> (1948–51), Jim Dixon (1950–51), <a href="/wiki/Don_Perlin" title="Don Perlin">Don Perlin</a> (1951)</li> <li>Letterers: <a href="/wiki/Sam_Rosen_(comics)" title="Sam Rosen (comics)">Sam Rosen</a> (1940-1942), Martin De Muth (1942-1947), Abe Kanegson (1947-1951),<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Samm_Schwartz" title="Samm Schwartz">Samm Schwartz</a> (1951), <a href="/wiki/Ben_Oda" title="Ben Oda">Ben Oda</a> (1951-1952)</li> <li>Colorists: Jules Feiffer (1950–52), <a href="/wiki/Chris_Christiansen" class="mw-redirect" title="Chris Christiansen">Chris Christiansen</a> (1951)</li> <li>Ghost artists (pencilers): <a href="/wiki/Lou_Fine" title="Lou Fine">Lou Fine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jack_Cole_(artist)" title="Jack Cole (artist)">Jack Cole</a> (variously, during Eisner's World War II service, 1942–45), <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Grandenetti" title="Jerry Grandenetti">Jerry Grandenetti</a> (1951), <a href="/wiki/Wally_Wood" title="Wally Wood">Wally Wood</a> (1952)</li> <li>Ghostwriters/writing assistants: <a href="/wiki/Toni_Blum" title="Toni Blum">Toni Blum</a> (1942), <a href="/wiki/Jack_Cole_(artist)" title="Jack Cole (artist)">Jack Cole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manly_Wade_Wellman" title="Manly Wade Wellman">Manly Wade Wellman</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Woolfolk" title="William Woolfolk">William Woolfolk</a> (variously, during Eisner's World War II service, 1943–45), <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Nordling" title="Klaus Nordling">Klaus Nordling</a> (1946, 1951), Marilyn Mercer (1946), Abe Kanegson (1950), <a href="/wiki/Jules_Feiffer" title="Jules Feiffer">Jules Feiffer</a> (1951–52)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Latter-day_Spirit_comics">Latter-day Spirit comics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Latter-day Spirit comics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960s">1960s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1960s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spirit_Harvey1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/84/Spirit_Harvey1.jpg/220px-Spirit_Harvey1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="335" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/84/Spirit_Harvey1.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="390" /></a><figcaption>Harvey Comics' <i>The Spirit</i> #1 (Oct. 1966). Cover art by <a href="/wiki/Will_Eisner" title="Will Eisner">Will Eisner</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>A five-page Spirit story, set in New York City, appeared as part of a January 9, 1966, article about the Spirit in the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald_Tribune" title="New York Herald Tribune">New York Herald Tribune</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-mercer_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mercer-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Comics" title="Harvey Comics">Harvey Comics</a> reprinted several Spirit stories in two giant-size, 25-cent comic books published October 1966 and March 1967, each with new Eisner covers. The first of these two 60-page issues opened with a new seven-page retelling of the Spirit's origin by writer-penciler-inker Eisner (with inking assist by Chuck Kramer). Also new was the text feature "An Interview with the Spirit", credited to Marilyn Mercer; and writer-artist Eisner's two-page featurette "Spirit Lab: Invincible Devices". Seven 1948–1949 Spirit stories were reprinted. The second issue opened with a new seven-page story by writer-artist Eisner, "Octopus: The Life Story of the King of Crime," giving the heretofore unrevealed origin of the Spirit's nemesis The Octopus, as well as his given name (Zitzbath Zark). Also new was the two-page text feature "The Spirit Answers Your Mail", and writer-artist Eisner's two-page featurette "The Spirit Lab: The Man from MSD". Reprinted were seven 1948–50 <i>Spirit</i> stories. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970s">1970s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1970s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1973, <a href="/wiki/Denis_Kitchen" title="Denis Kitchen">Denis Kitchen</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Kitchen_Sink_Press" title="Kitchen Sink Press">Kitchen Sink Press</a> published two issues of <i>The Spirit</i> (also known as <i>Underground Spirit</i>), consisting primarily of reprints with original front and back covers, and featuring introductions by <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Horn" title="Maurice Horn">Maurice Horn</a> and John Benson. The first issue includes four original single-page stories, while the second issue (cover titled "All About P'Gell") includes the four-page story, "The Capistrano Jewels."<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this period, Eisner also released "The Invader", a five-page story in a one-shot Spirit publication Eisner created for his lecture at <a href="/wiki/Sheridan_College" title="Sheridan College">Sheridan College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Oakville,_Ontario" title="Oakville, Ontario">Oakville, Ontario</a>, Canada in 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was reprinted in Kitchen Sink's hardcover <i>Will Eisner Color Treasury</i>(1981).<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1974 to 1976, <a href="/wiki/James_Warren_(publisher)" title="James Warren (publisher)">James Warren</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Warren_Publishing" title="Warren Publishing">Warren Publishing</a> published 16 issues of <i>The Spirit</i> (also known as <i>The Spirit Magazine</i>), a large black-and-white <a href="/wiki/Magazine" title="Magazine">magazine</a> consisting of reprints with original covers (primarily by Eisner), concluding with a separate 1975 color issue, <i>The Spirit Special</i>, which includes an afterword by <a href="/wiki/Bill_DuBay" title="Bill DuBay">Bill DuBay</a>. Kitchen Sink picked up the series beginning in 1977 with issue 17, eventually concluding with issue 41 (June 1983). Issue 30 of the Kitchen Sink series (July 1981) features "The Spirit <a href="/wiki/Comic_jam" title="Comic jam">Jam</a>", with a script from Eisner and a few penciled pages, plus contributions from 50 artists, including <a href="/wiki/Fred_Hembeck" title="Fred Hembeck">Fred Hembeck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trina_Robbins" title="Trina Robbins">Trina Robbins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Leialoha" title="Steve Leialoha">Steve Leialoha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Miller_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Miller (comics)">Frank Miller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Kurtzman" title="Harvey Kurtzman">Harvey Kurtzman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Cruse" title="Howard Cruse">Howard Cruse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Bolland" title="Brian Bolland">Brian Bolland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Sienkiewicz" title="Bill Sienkiewicz">Bill Sienkiewicz</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Byrne_(comics)" title="John Byrne (comics)">John Byrne</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Corben" title="Richard Corben">Richard Corben</a>. </p><p>In 1976, <a href="/wiki/Tempo_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Tempo Books">Tempo Books</a> published <i>The Spirit Casebook of True Haunted Houses and Ghosts</i>, in which the Spirit plays the <a href="/wiki/EC_Comics" title="EC Comics">EC</a> <a href="/wiki/Horror_host" title="Horror host">host</a>, introducing "true" stories of haunted houses.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Spirit also makes a cameo in <i><a href="/wiki/Vampirella" title="Vampirella">Vampirella</a></i> #50 (April 1976), in the eight-page story "The Thing in Denny Colt's Grave".<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1980s">1980s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 1980s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After <i>The Spirit Magazine</i> ceased publication with issue #41 (June 1983), <a href="/wiki/Kitchen_Sink_Press" title="Kitchen Sink Press">Kitchen Sink Press</a> published a complete reprinting of the post-World War II Eisner work in a standard-formatted comic-book series, which ran 87 issues (October 1983–January 1992). The series featured color stories in its first 11 issues, but switched to black-and-white from issue 12 on.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in 1983, Kitchen Sink published <i>Outer Space Spirit: 1952</i>, collecting the final newspaper sections (July 27, 1952 – October 5, 1952), along with the scripts for what would have been the final three sections of the "Outer Space Spirit" saga. The publisher additionally published the one-shot <i>Will Eisner's 3-D Classics featuring The Spirit</i> (Dec. 1985).<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1990s_and_beyond">1990s and beyond</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 1990s and beyond"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spiritcircle.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/67/Spiritcircle.png/220px-Spiritcircle.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/67/Spiritcircle.png 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><figcaption>Promotional art by <a href="/wiki/Darwyn_Cooke" title="Darwyn Cooke">Darwyn Cooke</a> for <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a>' <i>The Spirit</i></figcaption></figure> <p>In the 1990s, Kitchen Sink published two hardcover volumes of <i>The Spirit Casebook</i>, the first cover-titled simply <i>Spirit Casebook</i> (1990), and the second cover-titled <i>All About P'Gell: The Spirit Casebook, Volume II</i> (1998).<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kitchen Sink also published a series of original Spirit stories in <i>The Spirit: The New Adventures</i> (March–November 1998), including contributions from <a href="/wiki/Will_Eisner" title="Will Eisner">Will Eisner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Moore" title="Alan Moore">Alan Moore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dave_Gibbons" title="Dave Gibbons">Dave Gibbons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Bolland" title="Brian Bolland">Brian Bolland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Bradstreet" title="Tim Bradstreet">Tim Bradstreet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Busiek" title="Kurt Busiek">Kurt Busiek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Campbell" title="Eddie Campbell">Eddie Campbell</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcus_Moore_(writer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcus Moore (writer) (page does not exist)">Marcus Moore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Chadwick" title="Paul Chadwick">Paul Chadwick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neil_Gaiman" title="Neil Gaiman">Neil Gaiman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_%22Moebius%22_Giraud" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean "Moebius" Giraud">Jean "Moebius" Giraud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_R._Lansdale" title="Joe R. Lansdale">Joe R. Lansdale</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_(comics)" title="David Lloyd (comics)">David Lloyd</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Pope" title="Paul Pope">Paul Pope</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the mid-2000s, <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a> began reprinting <i>The Spirit</i> chronologically in the company's hardcover Archive series, in an approximately 8x10-inch format, smaller than the Kitchen Sink and Warren publications. </p><p>Eisner's final Spirit story appeared in the sixth issue of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Escapist_(character)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Escapist (character)">The Amazing Adventures of the Escapist</a></i>, from <a href="/wiki/Dark_Horse_Comics" title="Dark Horse Comics">Dark Horse Comics</a>, published on April 20, 2005. This 6-page story featured a crossover between the Spirit and the book's lead character, the Escapist. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DC_Comics">DC Comics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: DC Comics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Batman/The_Spirit" title="Batman/The Spirit">Batman/The Spirit</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a> <a href="/wiki/One-shot_(comics)" title="One-shot (comics)">one-shot</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Batman/The_Spirit" title="Batman/The Spirit">Batman/The Spirit</a></i> (January 2007), by writer <a href="/wiki/Jeph_Loeb" title="Jeph Loeb">Jeph Loeb</a> and artists <a href="/wiki/Darwyn_Cooke" title="Darwyn Cooke">Darwyn Cooke</a> and <a href="/wiki/J._Bone" title="J. Bone">J. Bone</a> introduced the Spirit into the <a href="/wiki/DC_Universe" title="DC Universe">DC Universe</a>. The first issue of the ongoing series <i>The Spirit</i>, written and pencilled by Cooke and inked by J. Bone, debuted the following month. The series updated some concepts, with Ellen's <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> skills helping to solve a case, and <a href="/wiki/Ebony_White" title="Ebony White">Ebony White</a> stripped of his <a href="/wiki/Racial_stereotype" class="mw-redirect" title="Racial stereotype">racial stereotype</a> characteristics. The team of <a href="/wiki/Mark_Evanier" title="Mark Evanier">Mark Evanier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Aragones" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergio Aragones">Sergio Aragones</a> became the series' regular writers beginning with issue #14 (March 2008), with <a href="/wiki/Mike_Ploog" title="Mike Ploog">Mike Ploog</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Paul_Smith_(comics)" title="Paul Smith (comics)">Paul Smith</a> providing the artwork. DC'S <i>The Spirit</i> series ran through issue #32 (Aug. 2009), with most running a single 22-page story. </p><p>The imprint First Wave, launched in January 2010, featured the Spirit, pulp heroes <a href="/wiki/Doc_Savage" title="Doc Savage">Doc Savage</a> and <a href="/wiki/Avenger_(pulp-magazine_character)" title="Avenger (pulp-magazine character)">The Avenger</a>, and DC's <a href="/wiki/Rima" title="Rima">Rima</a> the Jungle Girl, the <a href="/wiki/Blackhawk_(DC_Comics)" title="Blackhawk (DC Comics)">Blackhawks</a>, and a Golden Age incarnation of <a href="/wiki/Batman" title="Batman">Batman</a> into a DC "pulpverse" overseen by writer <a href="/wiki/Brian_Azzarello" title="Brian Azzarello">Brian Azzarello</a>. This imprint incorporated the 17-issue <i>The Spirit</i> volume two (June 2010 - Oct. 2011), written variously by <a href="/wiki/Mark_Schultz_(comics)" title="Mark Schultz (comics)">Mark Schultz</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Hine" title="David Hine">David Hine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lilah_Sturges" title="Lilah Sturges">Lilah Sturges</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Howard_Chaykin" title="Howard Chaykin">Howard Chaykin</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IDW">IDW</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: IDW"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2013, <a href="/wiki/IDW_Publishing" title="IDW Publishing">IDW</a> published a four issue miniseries, <i>The Rocketeer and The Spirit: Pulp Friction</i>, using the Spirit, Dolan, Ellen, and the Octopus as well as characters from <a href="/wiki/Dave_Stevens" title="Dave Stevens">Dave Stevens</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rocketeer_(character)" title="The Rocketeer (character)">The Rocketeer</a></i> series. The four issues were collected in a hardcover graphic novel.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dynamite_Entertainment">Dynamite Entertainment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Dynamite Entertainment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2015, <a href="/wiki/Dynamite_Entertainment" title="Dynamite Entertainment">Dynamite Entertainment</a> obtained the license to publish new Spirit comics, beginning with a story by writer-artist <a href="/wiki/Matt_Wagner" title="Matt Wagner">Matt Wagner</a>, "Who Killed The Spirit?"<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, the Spirit and fellow venerable crimefighter the <a href="/wiki/Green_Hornet" title="Green Hornet">Green Hornet</a> shared a five-issue series, <i>Green Hornet '66 Meets the Spirit</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_other_media">In other media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: In other media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comic_strip">Comic strip</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Comic strip"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From October 13, 1941 to March 11, 1944, there was also a black-and-white daily newspaper comic strip starring the Spirit.<sup id="cite_ref-Drew2015_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drew2015-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These were later reprinted in several collections, including the complete run in DC's <i>The Spirit Archives</i> Volume 25. </p><p>In early 2017, the Spirit returned to newspaper strips as a guest-star in <i><a href="/wiki/Dick_Tracy" title="Dick Tracy">Dick Tracy</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Mike_Curtis_(writer)" title="Mike Curtis (writer)">Mike Curtis</a> (script) and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Staton" title="Joe Staton">Joe Staton</a> (art), continuing the trend of Tracy stories reviving characters from defunct strips.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television_film">Television film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Television film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Spirit_(1987_film)" title="The Spirit (1987 film)">The Spirit (1987 film)</a></div> <p>The character was the subject of a 1987 <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a> <a href="/wiki/Television_film" title="Television film">television film</a> starring <a href="/wiki/Sam_J._Jones" title="Sam J. Jones">Sam J. Jones</a> as the Spirit, <a href="/wiki/Nana_Visitor" title="Nana Visitor">Nana Visitor</a> as Ellen Dolan, and <a href="/wiki/Garry_Walberg" title="Garry Walberg">Garry Walberg</a> as Commissioner Dolan. The film served as a pilot for a planned TV series.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Planned_animated_film">Planned animated film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Planned animated film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An animated feature to be directed by <a href="/wiki/Brad_Bird" title="Brad Bird">Brad Bird</a> was in development in the 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Steven Paul Leiva, animator <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Rees" title="Jerry Rees">Jerry Rees</a>, and producer <a href="/wiki/Gary_Kurtz" title="Gary Kurtz">Gary Kurtz</a> also were involved, and a presentation trailer was produced. The Spirit's voice was supplied by animator <a href="/wiki/Randall_William_Cook" title="Randall William Cook">Randall William Cook</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film">Film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Spirit_(2008_film)" title="The Spirit (2008 film)">The Spirit (2008 film)</a></div> <p>The film adaptation <i><a href="/wiki/The_Spirit_(2008_film)" title="The Spirit (2008 film)">The Spirit</a></i>, written and directed by <a href="/wiki/Frank_Miller_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Miller (comics)">Frank Miller</a>, was released in theaters by <a href="/wiki/Lionsgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Lionsgate">Lionsgate</a> on December 25, 2008. The film stars <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Macht" title="Gabriel Macht">Gabriel Macht</a> as the Spirit and <a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Jackson" title="Samuel L. Jackson">Samuel L. Jackson</a> as the Octopus. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Denis_Kitchen" title="Denis Kitchen">Denis Kitchen</a>, the Eisner estate's agent, said in a July 8, 2006 online interview that a <a href="/wiki/Radio_program" title="Radio program">radio series</a> had been in development: "It was pitched to the estate by a couple of producers, one of whom is very experienced with <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a>, so we have been back and forth on how that would work. Again, it would be premature to tell you it is going to happen, but it is in serious discussion".<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collected_editions">Collected editions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Collected editions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The comic strips and comics have been collected into a number of <a href="/wiki/Trade_paperback_(comics)" title="Trade paperback (comics)">volumes</a>: </p> <ul><li><i>The Spirit Coloring Book</i> (1974, Will Eisner Studios/Poor House Press)</li> <li><i>The Daily Spirit</i> #1–4 (1974–1975, Real Free Press)</li> <li><i>The Spirit - The First 93 Dailies</i> (1977, Funny Paper Bookstore/Ken Pierce)</li> <li><i>The Spirit, Volume 2 - 200 Dailies</i> (1977, Funny Paper Bookstore/Ken Pierce)</li> <li><i>The Spirit, Volume 3 - 200 More Dailies</i> (1980, Funny Paper Bookstore/Ken Pierce)</li> <li><i>The Spirit, Volume 4 - The Last 245 Dailies</i> (1980, Funny Paper Bookstore/Ken Pierce)</li> <li><i>Will Eisner Color Treasury</i> (1981, Kitchen Sink) (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87816-006-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-87816-006-X">0-87816-006-X</a>)</li> <li><i>Spirit Color Album</i> (1981, Kitchen Sink) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87816-002-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-87816-002-7">0-87816-002-7</a>)</li> <li><i>Spirit Color Album, v2</i> (1983, Kitchen Sink) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87816-010-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-87816-010-8">0-87816-010-8</a>)</li> <li><i>Spirit Color Album, v3</i> (1983, Kitchen Sink) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87816-011-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-87816-011-6">0-87816-011-6</a>)</li> <li><i>The Art of Will Eisner</i> (1989, 2nd ed, Kitchen Sink) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87816-076-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-87816-076-0">0-87816-076-0</a>)</li> <li><i>The Outer Space Spirit</i> (1989, Kitchen Sink) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87816-012-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-87816-012-4">0-87816-012-4</a>)</li> <li><i>Spirit Casebook</i> (1990, Kitchen Sink) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87816-094-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-87816-094-9">0-87816-094-9</a>)</li> <li><i>The Christmas Spirit</i> (1995 Kitchen Sink) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87816-309-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-87816-309-3">0-87816-309-3</a>)</li> <li><i>Will Eisner's The Spirit</i> (CD-ROM), collects the 1947 Spirit sections (1995, Byron Preiss Multimedia) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57251-115-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-57251-115-X">1-57251-115-X</a>)</li> <li><i>All About P'Gell: Spirit Casebook II</i> (1998 Kitchen Sink) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87816-492-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-87816-492-8">0-87816-492-8</a>)</li> <li><i>Spirit Jam</i>, collects <i>The Spirit Magazine</i> #30 and the Spirit section of <i>Cerebus Jam</i> (1998, Kitchen Sink) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87816-576-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-87816-576-2">0-87816-576-2</a>)</li> <li><i>The Spirit Archives:</i> (DC Comics) <ul><li>Volume 1 (2000) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56389-673-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-56389-673-7">1-56389-673-7</a>) through Volume 26 (2009) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-1974-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-1974-8">1-4012-1974-8</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><i>The Best of The Spirit</i> (2005 DC Comics) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-0755-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-0755-3">1-4012-0755-3</a>)</li> <li><i>The Spirit</i> Book 1, collects <i>Batman/The Spirit</i> and <i>The Spirit</i> (Volume 1)#1–6 (2007 DC Comics) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-1618-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-1618-8">1-4012-1618-8</a>)</li> <li><i>The Spirit</i> Book 2, collects <i>The Spirit</i> Volume 1 #7–13 (2008 DC Comics) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-2220-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-2220-X">1-4012-2220-X</a>)</li> <li><i>The Spirit: Femmes Fatales</i> (2008 DC Comics) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-1973-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-1973-X">1-4012-1973-X</a>)</li> <li><i>Will Eisner's The Spirit: The New Adventures</i>, collects Kitchen Sink's <i>The Spirit: The New Adventures</i> #1-8 (2009, Dark Horse) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-5697-1732-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-5697-1732-X">1-5697-1732-X</a>)</li> <li><i>The Spirit</i> Book 3, collects <i>The Spirit</i> Volume 1 #14–20 (2009 DC Comics) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-2186-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-2186-6">1-4012-2186-6</a>)</li> <li><i>The Spirit</i> Book 4, collects <i>The Spirit</i> Volume 1 #21–25 (2009 DC Comics) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-2505-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-2505-5">1-4012-2505-5</a>)</li> <li><i>The Spirit</i> Book 5, collects <i>The Spirit</i> Volume 1 #26–32 (2010 DC Comics) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-2642-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-2642-6">1-4012-2642-6</a>)</li> <li><i>The Spirit: Angel Smerti</i>, collects <i>The Spirit</i> Volume 2 #1–7 (2011 DC Comics) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-3026-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-3026-1">1-4012-3026-1</a>)</li> <li><i>The Spirit: The Clockwork Killer</i>, collects <i>The Spirit</i> Volume 2 #8–14 (2011 DC Comics) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-3309-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-3309-0">1-4012-3309-0</a>)</li> <li><i>Rocketeer/The Spirit: Pulp Friction</i>, collects <i>Rocketeer/The Spirit: Pulp Friction</i> #1-4 (2014 IDW Publishing) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-6137-7881-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-6137-7881-3">1-6137-7881-3</a>)</li> <li><i>Will Eisner's The Spirit: A Celebration of 75 Years</i> (2015 DC Comics) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-5945-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-5945-6">1-4012-5945-6</a>)</li> <li><i>Will Eisner's The Spirit Returns</i>, collects Dynamite's <i>Will Eisner's The Spirit</i> #1-12 (2016 Dynamite Entertainment) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-6069-0841-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-6069-0841-3">1-6069-0841-3</a>)</li> <li><i>The Green Hornet '66 Meets The Spirit</i>, collects Dynamite's <i>The Green Hornet '66 Meets The Spirit</i> #1-5 (2018 Dynamite Entertainment) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-5241-0590-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-5241-0590-2">1-5241-0590-2</a>)</li> <li><i>Will Eisner's The Spirit: The Corpse-Makers</i>, collects Dynamite's <i>Will Eisner's The Spirit: The Corpse-Makers</i> #1-5 (2019 Dynamite Entertainment) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-5241-0481-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-5241-0481-7">1-5241-0481-7</a>)</li> <li><i>The Spirit: An An 80th Anniversary Celebration</i>, collects ten Eisner <i>Spirit</i> stories (five recolored by <a href="/wiki/Laura_Martin" title="Laura Martin">Laura Martin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeromy_Cox" title="Jeromy Cox">Jeromy Cox</a>) (2020 Clover Press) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-9510-3805-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-9510-3805-3">1-9510-3805-3</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Holtz-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Holtz_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoltz2012" class="citation book cs1">Holtz, Allan (2012). <i>American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide</i>. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. p. 362. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-472-11756-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-472-11756-7"><bdi>978-0-472-11756-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Newspaper+Comics%3A+An+Encyclopedic+Reference+Guide&rft.place=Ann+Arbor&rft.pages=362&rft.pub=The+University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-472-11756-7&rft.aulast=Holtz&rft.aufirst=Allan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gravett-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gravett_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gravett_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gravett, Paul. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/jan/08/guardianobituaries.books">"Obituary: Will Eisner: He pioneered American comic books, and established the graphic novel as a literary genre"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>, January 8, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130326031104/http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/2005/jan/08/guardianobituaries.books">WebCitation archive</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoltz2013" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Allan_Holtz" title="Allan Holtz">Holtz, Allan</a> (May 9, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://strippersguide.blogspot.com/search/label/Chicago%20Tribune%20Comic%20Book">"The Chicago Tribune Comic Book: Introduction"</a>. The Stripper's Guide. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160102082757/http://strippersguide.blogspot.com/search/label/Chicago%20Tribune%20Comic%20Book">Archived</a> from the original on January 2, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Chicago+Tribune+Comic+Book%3A+Introduction&rft.pub=The+Stripper%27s+Guide&rft.date=2013-05-09&rft.aulast=Holtz&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstrippersguide.blogspot.com%2Fsearch%2Flabel%2FChicago%2520Tribune%2520Comic%2520Book&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Panels</i> #1 (Summer 1979), "Art & Commerce: An Oral Reminiscence by Will Eisner", pp. 5–21, quoted in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuattro2003" class="citation web cs1">Quattro, Ken (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091030074220/http://www.comicartville.com/rareeisner.htm">"Rare Eisner: Making of a Genius"</a>. Comicartville Library. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comicartville.com/rareeisner.htm">the original</a> on October 30, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rare+Eisner%3A+Making+of+a+Genius&rft.pub=Comicartville+Library&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Quattro&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.comicartville.com%2Frareeisner.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ae48p10-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ae48p10_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ae48p10_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Will Eisner interview, <i><a href="/wiki/Alter_Ego_(magazine)" title="Alter Ego (magazine)">Alter Ego</a></i> #48, May 2005, p. 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Denis_Kitchen" title="Denis Kitchen">Kitchen, Denis</a>. "Annotations to <i>The Dreamer</i>, in Eisner, Will, <i>The Dreamer</i> (<a href="/wiki/W.W._Norton_%26_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="W.W. Norton & Company">W.W. Norton & Company</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, 2008), p. 52. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-32808-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-32808-0">978-0-393-32808-0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jkc16-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jkc16_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.twomorrows.com/kirby/articles/16eisner.html">"Will Eisner Speaks!"</a>. <i>Jack Kirby Collector</i>. No. 16. <a href="/wiki/TwoMorrows_Publishing" title="TwoMorrows Publishing">TwoMorrows Publishing</a>. June 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080209205811/http://www.twomorrows.com/kirby/articles/16eisner.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 9, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jack+Kirby+Collector&rft.atitle=Will+Eisner+Speaks%21&rft.issue=16&rft.date=1997-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.twomorrows.com%2Fkirby%2Farticles%2F16eisner.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tcj46p37-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tcj46p37_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tcj46p37_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tcj46p37_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Will Eisner Interview", <i><a href="/wiki/The_Comics_Journal" title="The Comics Journal">The Comics Journal</a></i> #46 (May 1979), p. 37. Interview conducted Oct. 13 and 17, 1978</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eisner, <i>The Dreamer</i>, "About the Author", p. 55</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gcd1940series-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gcd1940series_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gcd1940series_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gcd1940series_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comics.org/series/10295"><i>Spirit, The</i> (Register and Tribune Syndicate, 1940 Series)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Comics_Database" title="Grand Comics Database">Grand Comics Database</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Will Eisner Interview," <i><a href="/wiki/The_Comics_Journal" title="The Comics Journal">The Comics Journal</a></i> #46 (May 1979), pp. 35-49. Interview conducted by <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Yronwode" title="Catherine Yronwode">Catherine Yronwode</a> October 13th and 17th, 1978</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comics.org/series/226">List of Quality Comics' "Police Comics" comic books, #1–127</a> at the Grand Comics Database</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comics.org/series/345">List of Quality Comics' "Spirit" comic books, #1-22</a> at the Grand Comics Database</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comics.org/issue/9575">List of Fiction House's "Spirit" comic books, #1–5</a> at the Grand Comics Database</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eisner, Will (2003). <i>Will Eisner's The Spirit Archive, Volume 10, January 7 to June 24, 1945</i> DC Comics. (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-5638-9962-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-5638-9962-0">1-5638-9962-0</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rzepka, Charles J., Lee Horsley (2010). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9sQ7476sjkcC&pg=PA338">A Companion to Crime Fiction</a></i>. Wiley. p. 338. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/144431792X" title="Special:BookSources/144431792X">144431792X</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cartoonician.com/eisner-wide-open/"><i>Eisner Wide Open</i>, Hogan's Alley #11, 2001</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Steranko, Jim (1972). <i>The Steranko History of Comics 2</i>. Supergraphics. pp. 115–116.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGroth2005" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Groth" title="Gary Groth">Groth, Gary</a> (May 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080429204530/http://www.tcj.com/267/e_groth.html">"Will Eisner: Chairman of the Board"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Comics_Journal" title="The Comics Journal">The Comics Journal</a></i>. No. 267. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcj.com/267/e_groth.html">the original</a> on April 29, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Comics+Journal&rft.atitle=Will+Eisner%3A+Chairman+of+the+Board&rft.issue=267&rft.date=2005-05&rft.aulast=Groth&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tcj.com%2F267%2Fe_groth.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arndt-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-arndt_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enjolrasworld.com/Richard%20Arndt/The%20Warren%20Magazines%20Interviews.htm">"A 2005 Interview With Jerry Grandenetti!"</a>. (Requires scrolling down) The Warren Magazines: Interviews. February 3, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090911055314/http://www.enjolrasworld.com/Richard%20Arndt/The%20Warren%20Magazines%20Interviews.htm">Archived</a> from the original on September 11, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+2005+Interview+With+Jerry+Grandenetti%21&rft.pub=%28Requires+scrolling+down%29+The+Warren+Magazines%3A+Interviews&rft.date=2010-02-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.enjolrasworld.com%2FRichard%2520Arndt%2FThe%2520Warren%2520Magazines%2520Interviews.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eisner, Will (2015). <i>Will Eisner's The Spirit: A Celebration of 75 Years</i> DC Comics. (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-5945-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-5945-6">1-4012-5945-6</a>) p.9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eisner, Will (2015). <i>Will Eisner's The Spirit: A Celebration of 75 Years</i> DC Comics. (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-5945-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-5945-6">1-4012-5945-6</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eisner, Will (1989). <i>The Spirit</i> #56 Kitchen Sink Press Inc. (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0886-7267">0886-7267</a>) p.6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eisner,_Will_2015-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Eisner,_Will_2015_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eisner,_Will_2015_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Eisner, Will (2015). <i>Will Eisner's The Spirit: A Celebration of 75 Years</i> DC Comics. (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-5945-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-5945-6">1-4012-5945-6</a>) p.215</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eisner interview, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110310235416/http://www.time.com/time/columnist/arnold/article/0,9565,488263,00.html">"Never Too Late"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. September 19, 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/columnist/arnold/article/0,9565,488263,00.html">the original</a> on March 10, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Never+Too+Late&rft.date=2003-09-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fcolumnist%2Farnold%2Farticle%2F0%2C9565%2C488263%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eisner, Will (2006). <i>Will Eisner's The Spirit Archives, Volume 19, July 3 to December 25, 1949</i> DC Comics. (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-0775-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-4012-0775-8">1-4012-0775-8</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mercer-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mercer_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mercer_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mercer, Marilyn, "The Only Real Middle-Class Crimefighter", <i>New York</i> (Sunday supplement, <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald_Tribune" title="New York Herald Tribune">New York Herald Tribune</a></i>), Jan. 9, 1966; reprinted in <i><a href="/wiki/Alter_Ego_(magazine)" title="Alter Ego (magazine)">Alter Ego</a></i> #48 (May 2005)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eisner, Will (2008). <i>Comics and Sequential Art: Principles and Practices from the Legendary Cartoonist</i>. W.W. Norton & Company. p.104</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Booker, M.Keith (2010). <i>Encyclopedia of Comic Books and Graphic Novels, Volume Two</i> Greenwood. p.592</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sakaii1988-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sakaii1988_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sakaii1988_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff_writer1988" class="citation magazine cs1">Staff writer (March 1988). Sakaii, Stan (ed.). "History of 'Ev'ry Little Bug'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i>Usagi Yojimbo</i> (Ad). Vol. 1, no. 7. Fantagraphics Books. p. 31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Usagi+Yojimbo&rft.atitle=History+of+%27Ev%27ry+Little+Bug%27&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=31&rft.date=1988-03&rft.au=Staff+writer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Andelman2015-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Andelman2015_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndelman2015" class="citation book cs1">Andelman, Bob (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oNeqDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA58"><i>Will Eisner: A Spirited Life</i></a> (2nd ed.). TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 58. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60549-061-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60549-061-8"><bdi>978-1-60549-061-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Will+Eisner%3A+A+Spirited+Life&rft.pages=58&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=TwoMorrows+Publishing&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-60549-061-8&rft.aulast=Andelman&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoNeqDgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA58&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Transcript of March 24, 2010, Feiffer interview at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Comic_and_Cartoon_Art" title="Museum of Comic and Cartoon Art">Museum of Comic and Cartoon Art</a>, published as <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://filmfestivaltraveler.com/film-arts/50-previews/674-backing-into-jules-feiffer-an-exclusive-qaa">"Backing into Jules Feiffer: An Exclusive Q&A"</a>. FilmFestivalTraveler.com. April 18, 2010. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://filmfestivaltraveler.com/film-arts/50-previews/674-backing-into-jules-feiffer-an-exclusive-qaa?showall=&start=1">2</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120320053129/http://filmfestivaltraveler.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=705:jules-feiffer-qa&catid=31:general">Archived</a> from the original on March 20, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Backing+into+Jules+Feiffer%3A+An+Exclusive+Q%26A&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=FilmFestivalTraveler.com&rft.date=2010-04-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffilmfestivaltraveler.com%2Ffilm-arts%2F50-previews%2F674-backing-into-jules-feiffer-an-exclusive-qaa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeifferWare1999" class="citation web cs1">Leiffer, Paul; Ware, Hames (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120224150716/http://www.bpib.com/comicsproj/creditsSZ.html">"Comic Strip Credits S-Z"</a>. The Comic Strip Project. Archived from the original on February 24, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Comic+Strip+Credits+S-Z&rft.pub=The+Comic+Strip+Project&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Leiffer&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Ware%2C+Hames&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpib.com%2Fcomicsproj%2FcreditsSZ.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span> Main page <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100323073609/http://www.bpib.com/comicsproj/">archived</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup> from the original on July 4, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYronwodeTumulka" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Cat_Yronwode" class="mw-redirect" title="Cat Yronwode">Yronwode, Cat</a>; Tumulka, Wes. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wildwoodcemetery.com/checklist.shtml">"The Spirit Checklist"</a>. WildwoodCemetery.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110207201042/http://www.wildwoodcemetery.com/">Archived</a> from the original on February 7, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Spirit+Checklist&rft.pub=WildwoodCemetery.com&rft.aulast=Yronwode&rft.aufirst=Cat&rft.au=Tumulka%2C+Wes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wildwoodcemetery.com%2Fchecklist.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Abe Kanegson in The Mystery of the Missing Letterer" seven-part article by <a href="/wiki/Michael_T._Gilbert" title="Michael T. Gilbert">Michael T. Gilbert</a><i><a href="/wiki/Alter_Ego_(magazine)" title="Alter Ego (magazine)">Alter Ego</a></i> #101-105, #106-107 (May 2011-February 2012)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comics.org/issue/26866/#179211">"The Capistrano Jewels"</a> in <i>The Spirit</i> #2 (Nov. 1973), Kitchen Sink Press, 1973 Series] at the Grand Comics Database. "New story in wash. Despite statement on back cover, this story was not written in 1950, but drawn on the back of a separate script written in 1950."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comics.org/issue/408871/#2088517"><i>The Spirit</i> [non-numbered], Tabloid Press, 1973 Series</a> at the Grand Comics Database.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comics.org/issue/35925/"><i>Will Eisner Color Treasury</i></a> at the Grand Comics Database.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTumulka" class="citation web cs1">Tumulka, Wes (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.angelfire.com/art/wildwood/haunted.html">"<i>Casebook of True Haunted Houses and Ghosts</i>"</a>. Wildwood Cemetery: The Spirit Database. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160313231916/http://www.angelfire.com/art/wildwood/haunted.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 13, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Casebook+of+True+Haunted+Houses+and+Ghosts&rft.pub=Wildwood+Cemetery%3A+The+Spirit+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.angelfire.com%2Fart%2Fwildwood%2Fhaunted.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comics.org/issue/29771/"><i>Vampirella</i> #50</a> at the Grand Comics Database. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121102210947/http://www.comics.org/issue/29771/">Archived</a> from the original on November 2, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comics.org/series/2773/"><i>The Spirit</i> (Kitchen Sink Press, 1983 series)</a> at the Grand Comics Database. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150715203543/http://www.comics.org/series/2773/">Archived</a> from the original on July 15, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comics.org/issue/40761/"><i>Will Eisner's 3-D Classics featuring The Spirit</i> (Kitchen Sink Press, 1985 series)</a> at the Grand Comics Database. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120723025151/http://www.comics.org/issue/40761/">Archived</a> from the original on July 23, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comics.org/series/65887/"><i>The Spirit Casebook</i></a> at the Grand Comics Database.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comics.org/series/17140/"><i>The Spirit: The New Adventures</i></a> at the Grand Comics Database.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaid2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Waid" title="Mark Waid">Waid, Mark</a> (2014). <i>The Rocketeer & The Spirit: Pulp Friction</i>. San Diego, CA: IDW. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61377-881-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61377-881-4"><bdi>978-1-61377-881-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rocketeer+%26+The+Spirit%3A+Pulp+Friction&rft.place=San+Diego%2C+CA&rft.pub=IDW&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-61377-881-4&rft.aulast=Waid&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWickline2015" class="citation web cs1">Wickline, Dan (February 18, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bleedingcool.com/2015/02/18/matt-wagner-write-will-eisners-spirit-dynamite/">"Matt Wagner To Write Will Eisner's The Spirit For Dynamite"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bleeding_Cool" title="Bleeding Cool">Bleeding Cool</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150219204211/http://www.bleedingcool.com/2015/02/18/matt-wagner-write-will-eisners-spirit-dynamite/">Archived</a> from the original on February 19, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Matt+Wagner+To+Write+Will+Eisner%27s+The+Spirit+For+Dynamite&rft.pub=Bleeding+Cool&rft.date=2015-02-18&rft.aulast=Wickline&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bleedingcool.com%2F2015%2F02%2F18%2Fmatt-wagner-write-will-eisners-spirit-dynamite%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comics.org/series/115311/"><i>Green Hornet '66 Meets the Spirit</i></a> at the Grand Comics Database.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Drew2015-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Drew2015_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrew2015" class="citation book cs1">Drew, Bernard A. (April 2, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gFbIBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA226"><i>Black Stereotypes in Popular Series Fiction, 1851-1955: Jim Crow Era Authors and Their Characters</i></a>. McFarland. pp. 226–227. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-1610-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-1610-0"><bdi>978-1-4766-1610-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Black+Stereotypes+in+Popular+Series+Fiction%2C+1851-1955%3A+Jim+Crow+Era+Authors+and+Their+Characters&rft.pages=226-227&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2015-04-02&rft.isbn=978-1-4766-1610-0&rft.aulast=Drew&rft.aufirst=Bernard+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgFbIBwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA226&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSims2017" class="citation web cs1">Sims, Chris (January 12, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://comicsalliance.com/dick-tracy-spirit-crossover/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Dick Tracy' Is Hanging Out with the Spirit (and More) in the Crossover of the Year 2K17"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ComicsAlliance" title="ComicsAlliance">ComicsAlliance</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191220193053/http://comicsalliance.com/dick-tracy-spirit-crossover/">Archived</a> from the original on December 20, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Dick+Tracy%27+Is+Hanging+Out+with+the+Spirit+%28and+More%29+in+the+Crossover+of+the+Year+2K17&rft.pub=ComicsAlliance&rft.date=2017-01-12&rft.aulast=Sims&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcomicsalliance.com%2Fdick-tracy-spirit-crossover%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller2013" class="citation web cs1">Miller, Randy III (October 15, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/61967/spirit-1987-tv-pilot-the/">"<i>The Spirit</i> (1987 TV Movie)"</a>. DVDTalk.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131109022610/http://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/61967/spirit-1987-tv-pilot-the/">Archived</a> from the original on November 9, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Spirit+%281987+TV+Movie%29&rft.pub=DVDTalk.com&rft.date=2013-10-15&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Randy+III&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dvdtalk.com%2Freviews%2F61967%2Fspirit-1987-tv-pilot-the%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeiva2008" class="citation news cs1">Leiva, Steven Paul (December 12, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://herocomplex.latimes.com/uncategorized/the-spirit-that/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'The Spirit' movie that could have been"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160328161838/http://herocomplex.latimes.com/uncategorized/the-spirit-that/">Archived</a> from the original on March 28, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=%27The+Spirit%27+movie+that+could+have+been&rft.date=2008-12-12&rft.aulast=Leiva&rft.aufirst=Steven+Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fherocomplex.latimes.com%2Funcategorized%2Fthe-spirit-that%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFiamma2015" class="citation magazine cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Fiamma, Andrea (April 15, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fumettologica.it/2015/04/spirit-brad-bird-trailer/">"Il trailer del film di Spirit mai realizzato da Brad Bird / The Trailer for the Spirit Movie Never Made by Brad Bird"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Fumettologica" title="Fumettologica">Fumettologica</a></i> (in Italian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191218143433/https://www.fumettologica.it/2015/04/spirit-brad-bird-trailer/">Archived</a> from the original on December 18, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 30,</span> 2016</span>. <q>Jerry Rees, animatore e braccio destro di Bird sul progetto, ha condiviso con noi alcuni dettagli dell realizzazione: «Spirit è doppiato da Randy Cook, un caro amico e animatore che ha lavorato agli effetti speciali de <i>Il signore degli anelli</i>.» / Jerry Rees, Bird's animator and right-hand man on the project, shared some details of the realization with us: 'Spirit is voiced by Randy Cook, a close friend and animator who worked on the special effects of <i>The Lord of the Rings</i>.'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fumettologica&rft.atitle=Il+trailer+del+film+di+Spirit+mai+realizzato+da+Brad+Bird+%2F+The+Trailer+for+the+Spirit+Movie+Never+Made+by+Brad+Bird&rft.date=2015-04-15&rft.aulast=Fiamma&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fumettologica.it%2F2015%2F04%2Fspirit-brad-bird-trailer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aspiritedlife.com/blog/2006/07/denis-kitchen-interview.html">"Denis Kitchen Interview"</a>. <i>A Spirited Life</i>. (official site of author Bob Andelman's book). July 8, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070428181036/http://www.aspiritedlife.com/blog/2006/07/denis-kitchen-interview.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 28, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=A+Spirited+Life&rft.atitle=Denis+Kitchen+Interview&rft.date=2006-07-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aspiritedlife.com%2Fblog%2F2006%2F07%2Fdenis-kitchen-interview.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndelman2005" class="citation book cs1">Andelman, Bob (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/willeisner00boba"><i>Will Eisner: A Spirited Life</i></a>. M Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59582-011-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-59582-011-6"><bdi>1-59582-011-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Will+Eisner%3A+A+Spirited+Life&rft.pub=M+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-59582-011-6&rft.aulast=Andelman&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwilleisner00boba&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeiffer2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jules_Feiffer" title="Jules Feiffer">Feiffer, Jules</a> (2003). <i>The Great Comic-Book Heroes</i>. Fantagraphics Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56097-501-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-56097-501-6"><bdi>1-56097-501-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Comic-Book+Heroes&rft.pub=Fantagraphics+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-56097-501-6&rft.aulast=Feiffer&rft.aufirst=Jules&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJones2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Jones" title="Gerard Jones">Jones, Gerard</a> (2005). <i>Men Of Tomorrow</i>. William Heinemann. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-434-01402-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-434-01402-8"><bdi>0-434-01402-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Men+Of+Tomorrow&rft.pub=William+Heinemann&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-434-01402-8&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Gerard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpirit+%28comics+character%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110207201042/http://www.wildwoodcemetery.com/">WebCitation archive</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirit_(comics_character)&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.twomorrows.com/kirby/articles/16eisner.html"><i>Jack Kirby Collector</i> #16 (June 1997): Will Eisner interview</a></li> <li>Archive of Heintjes, Tom. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080506045259/http://www.adventurestrips.com/spirit/index.html">"Will Eisner's The Spirit"</a>, AdventureStrips.com. Reprinted from <i>The Spirit: The Origin Years</i> #1–4 (Kitchen Sink Press, May–November 1992). Original page <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adventurestrips.com/spirit/spirit_origin_heintjes_1.html">Original page</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/2018010101/http://comicbookdb.com/character.php?ID=996">The Spirit</a> at the Comic Book DB (archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://comicbookdb.com/character.php?ID=996">the original</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://toonopedia.com/spirit.htm">The Spirit</a> at <a href="/wiki/Don_Markstein%27s_Toonopedia" title="Don Markstein's Toonopedia">Don Markstein's Toonopedia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240528055738/https://www.webcitation.org/6sZaIr4NJ?url=http://toonopedia.com/spirit.htm">Archived</a> from the original on August 8, 2017.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Spirit" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Spirit" title="Template:The Spirit"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Spirit" title="Template talk:The Spirit"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Spirit" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Spirit"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Spirit" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Spirit</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Creator</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Will_Eisner" title="Will Eisner">Will Eisner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Dolan_(comics)" title="Ellen Dolan (comics)">Ellen Dolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebony_White" title="Ebony White">Ebony White</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Other_characters">Dr. Cobra</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Other_characters">P'Gell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sand_Saref" class="mw-redirect" title="Sand Saref">Sand Saref</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Other_characters">Silken Floss</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Other_characters">Lorelei Rox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octopus_(comics)" title="Octopus (comics)">The Octopus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Other_characters">Mr. Carrion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Batman/The_Spirit" title="Batman/The Spirit">Batman/The Spirit</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darwyn_Cooke" title="Darwyn Cooke">Darwyn Cooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Spirit_(1987_film)" title="The Spirit (1987 film)"><i>The Spirit</i> (1987 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Spirit_(2008_film)" title="The Spirit (2008 film)"><i>The Spirit</i> (2008 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Wave_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="First Wave (comics)">First Wave (comics)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Will_Eisner" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Will_Eisner" title="Template:Will Eisner"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Will_Eisner" title="Template talk:Will Eisner"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Will_Eisner" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Will Eisner"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Will_Eisner" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Will_Eisner" title="Will Eisner">Will Eisner</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fiction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Contract_with_God" title="A Contract with God">A Contract with God</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Life_on_Another_Planet" title="Life on Another Planet">Life on Another Planet</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dreamer_(comics)" title="The Dreamer (comics)">The Dreamer</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i>New York: The Big City</i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dreamer_(comics)" title="The Dreamer (comics)">The Dreamer</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i>The Building</i> 1987</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Life_Force" title="A Life Force">A Life Force</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/To_the_Heart_of_the_Storm" title="To the Heart of the Storm">To the Heart of the Storm</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i>Invisible People</i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dropsie_Avenue" title="Dropsie Avenue">Dropsie Avenue</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Family_Matter_(comics)" title="A Family Matter (comics)">A Family Matter</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i>Last Day in Vietnam</i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fagin_the_Jew" title="Fagin the Jew">Fagin the Jew</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i>The Name of the Game</i> (2003)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-fiction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Comics_and_Sequential_Art" title="Comics and Sequential Art">Comics and Sequential Art</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Graphic_Storytelling_and_Visual_Narrative" title="Graphic Storytelling and Visual Narrative">Graphic Storytelling and Visual Narrative</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Plot:_The_Secret_Story_of_The_Protocols_of_the_Elders_of_Zion" title="The Plot: The Secret Story of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion">The Plot: The Secret Story of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion</a></i> (2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spirit_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spirit (comics)">The Spirit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebony_White" title="Ebony White">Ebony White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Dolan_(comics)" title="Ellen Dolan (comics)">Ellen Dolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octopus_(comics)" title="Octopus (comics)">Octopus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Condor" title="Black Condor">Black Condor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackhawk_(DC_Comics)" title="Blackhawk (DC Comics)">Blackhawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doll_Man" title="Doll Man">Doll Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flame_(comics)" title="Flame (comics)">Flame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Law_(comics)" title="John Law (comics)">John Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Luck_(comics)" title="Lady Luck (comics)">Lady Luck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Mystic" title="Mr. Mystic">Mr. Mystic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheena,_Queen_of_the_Jungle" title="Sheena, Queen of the Jungle">Sheena, Queen of the Jungle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Sam_(comics)" title="Uncle Sam (comics)">Uncle Sam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonder_Man_(Fox_Publications)" title="Wonder Man (Fox Publications)">Wonder Man</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/PS,_The_Preventive_Maintenance_Monthly" class="mw-redirect" title="PS, The Preventive Maintenance Monthly">PS, The Preventive Maintenance Monthly</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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