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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-id.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pencarian</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Perkakas pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id" class=""><span>Menyumbang</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Teknik+listrik" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Teknik+listrik" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Teknik+listrik" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Teknik+listrik" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Bidang-bidang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bidang-bidang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Bidang-bidang</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bidang-bidang-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Bidang-bidang</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bidang-bidang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Teknik_tenaga_listrik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teknik_tenaga_listrik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Teknik tenaga listrik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teknik_tenaga_listrik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teknik_elektromagnetik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teknik_elektromagnetik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Teknik elektromagnetik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teknik_elektromagnetik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teknik_telekomunikasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teknik_telekomunikasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Teknik telekomunikasi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teknik_telekomunikasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teknik_komputer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teknik_komputer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Teknik komputer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teknik_komputer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teknik_elektronika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teknik_elektronika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Teknik elektronika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teknik_elektronika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teknik_rekayasa_sistem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teknik_rekayasa_sistem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Teknik rekayasa sistem</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teknik_rekayasa_sistem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teknik_kendali" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teknik_kendali"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Teknik kendali</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teknik_kendali-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Teknik listrik</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 102 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-102" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">102 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroniese_ingenieurswese" title="Elektroniese ingenieurswese – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Elektroniese ingenieurswese" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotechnik" title="Elektrotechnik – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Elektrotechnik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A4%E1%88%8C%E1%8A%AD%E1%89%B5%E1%88%AA%E1%8A%AD_%E1%88%9D%E1%88%85%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%B5%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%93" title="ኤሌክትሪክ ምህንድስና – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኤሌክትሪክ ምህንድስና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="هندسة الكهرباء – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هندسة الكهرباء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%80" title="বৈদ্যুতিক অভিযান্ত্ৰিকী – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বৈদ্যুতিক অভিযান্ত্ৰিকী" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inxenier%C3%ADa_ll%C3%A9trica" title="Inxeniería llétrica – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Inxeniería llétrica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrik_m%C3%BCh%C9%99ndisliyi" title="Elektrik mühəndisliyi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Elektrik mühəndisliyi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электротехника – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Электротехника" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotechnik" title="Elektrotechnik – Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Elektrotechnik" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhinyeriyang_elektrikal" title="Inhinyeriyang elektrikal – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Inhinyeriyang elektrikal" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электратэхніка – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Электратэхніка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электратэхніка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Электратэхніка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Електроинженерство – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Електроинженерство" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%8E_%E0%A6%93_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B2" title="তড়িৎ ও বৈদ্যুতিন প্রকৌশল – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তড়িৎ ও বৈদ্যুতিন প্রকৌশল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotehnika" title="Elektrotehnika – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Elektrotehnika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrot%C3%A8cnia" title="Electrotècnia – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Electrotècnia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="ئەندازیاریی کارەبا – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەندازیاریی کارەبا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotechnika" title="Elektrotechnika – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Elektrotechnika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroteknik" title="Elektroteknik – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Elektroteknik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotechnik" title="Elektrotechnik – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Elektrotechnik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_engineering" title="Electrical engineering – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Electrical engineering" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotekniko" title="Elektrotekniko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Elektrotekniko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingenier%C3%ADa_el%C3%A9ctrica" title="Ingeniería eléctrica – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ingeniería eléctrica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotehnika" title="Elektrotehnika – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Elektrotehnika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeniaritza_elektriko" title="Ingeniaritza elektriko – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ingeniaritza elektriko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%82" title="مهندسی برق – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مهندسی برق" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A4hk%C3%B6tekniikka" title="Sähkötekniikka – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sähkötekniikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lectrotechnique" title="Électrotechnique – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Électrotechnique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotechnyk" title="Elektrotechnyk – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Elektrotechnyk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innealt%C3%B3ireacht_leictreach" title="Innealtóireacht leictreach – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Innealtóireacht leictreach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%A4_%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80" title="વિદ્યુત ઇજનેરી – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વિદ્યુત ઇજનેરી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A1%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%9C" title="הנדסת חשמל – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הנדסת חשמל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="विद्युत अभियान्त्रिकी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विद्युत अभियान्त्रिकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotehnika" title="Elektrotehnika – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Elektrotehnika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villamosm%C3%A9rn%C3%B6k" title="Villamosmérnök – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Villamosmérnök" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrotechnica" title="Electrotechnica – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Electrotechnica" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafmagnsverkfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Rafmagnsverkfræði – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rafmagnsverkfræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elettrotecnica" title="Elettrotecnica – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elettrotecnica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%B0%97%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%A6" title="電気工学 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="電気工学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/dikca_mi%27irlarcu" title="dikca mi'irlarcu – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="dikca mi'irlarcu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ელექტროტექნიკა – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ელექტროტექნიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электртехника – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Электртехника" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0%EA%B3%B5%ED%95%99" title="전기공학 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전기공학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endezyariya_elektr%C3%AEk%C3%AA" title="Endezyariya elektrîkê – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Endezyariya elektrîkê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электротехника – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Электротехника" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_electrica" title="Ars electrica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ars electrica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotechnik" title="Elektrotechnik – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Elektrotechnik" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eletrotecnega" title="Eletrotecnega – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Eletrotecnega" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotechnika" title="Elektrotechnika – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Elektrotechnika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotehnika" title="Elektrotehnika – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Elektrotehnika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknik_listrik" title="Teknik listrik – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Teknik listrik" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Електротехника – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Електротехника" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%8E%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D" title="ഇലക്ട്രിക്കൽ എൻജിനീയറിംഗ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇലക്ട്രിക്കൽ എൻജിനീയറിംഗ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Цахилгаан техник – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Цахилгаан техник" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="विद्युत अभियांत्रिकी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विद्युत अभियांत्रिकी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kejuruteraan_elektrik" title="Kejuruteraan elektrik – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kejuruteraan elektrik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BB%E1%80%BE%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC_%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA" title="လျှပ်စစ်အင်ဂျင်နီယာ ဘာသာရပ် – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လျှပ်စစ်အင်ဂျင်နီယာ ဘာသာရပ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotechnik" title="Elektrotechnik – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Elektrotechnik" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%99" title="विद्युतीय इन्जिनियरिङ – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विद्युतीय इन्जिनियरिङ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotechniek" title="Elektrotechniek – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Elektrotechniek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrofag" title="Elektrofag – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Elektrofag" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroteknikk" title="Elektroteknikk – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Elektroteknikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A4hk%C3%B6tehniekku" title="Sähkötehniekku – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Sähkötehniekku" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A6%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%8D_%E0%AC%93_%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%AD%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A6%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%8D_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%99%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%80%E0%AD%9F_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%88%E0%AC%B7%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%95_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ବିଦ୍ୟୁତ୍ ଓ ଅଭିବିଦ୍ୟୁତ୍ ସଙ୍କ୍ରାନ୍ତୀୟ ବୈଷୟିକ ବିଜ୍ଞାନ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବିଦ୍ୟୁତ୍ ଓ ଅଭିବିଦ୍ୟୁତ୍ ସଙ୍କ୍ରାନ୍ତୀୟ ବୈଷୟିକ ବିଜ୍ଞାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%87%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97" title="ਇਲੈੱਕਟ੍ਰਿਕਲ ਇੰਜੀਨੀਅਰਿੰਗ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਲੈੱਕਟ੍ਰਿਕਲ ਇੰਜੀਨੀਅਰਿੰਗ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotechnika" title="Elektrotechnika – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Elektrotechnika" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%9A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="برېښنايي انجنيري – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="برېښنايي انجنيري" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engenharia_el%C3%A9trica" title="Engenharia elétrica – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Engenharia elétrica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrotehnic%C4%83" title="Electrotehnică – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Electrotehnică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электротехника – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Электротехника" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Електротехніка – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Електротехніка" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AF" title="بجلي جي انجنيئرنگ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="بجلي جي انجنيئرنگ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotehnika" title="Elektrotehnika – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Elektrotehnika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%89%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="විද්‍යුත් ඉංජිනේරු විද්‍යාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="විද්‍යුත් ඉංජිනේරු විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_engineering" title="Electrical engineering – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Electrical engineering" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotechnika" title="Elektrotechnika – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Elektrotechnika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotehnika" title="Elektrotehnika – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Elektrotehnika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inxhinieria_elektrike" title="Inxhinieria elektrike – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Inxhinieria elektrike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Електротехника – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Електротехника" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotechnik" title="Elektrotechnik – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Elektrotechnik" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroteknik" title="Elektroteknik – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Elektroteknik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uhandisi_wa_umeme" title="Uhandisi wa umeme – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uhandisi wa umeme" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="மின்பொறியியல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மின்பொறியியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D" title="ఎలక్ట్రికల్ ఇంజనీరింగ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఎలక్ట్రికల్ ఇంజనీరింగ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электротехника – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Электротехника" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2" title="วิศวกรรมไฟฟ้า – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิศวกรรมไฟฟ้า" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrik_in%C5%BEenerligi" title="Elektrik inženerligi – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Elektrik inženerligi" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhenyeriyang_elektrikal" title="Inhenyeriyang elektrikal – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Inhenyeriyang elektrikal" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrik_m%C3%BChendisli%C4%9Fi" title="Elektrik mühendisliği – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Elektrik mühendisliği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Електротехніка – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Електротехніка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%82%DB%8C_%DB%81%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="برقی ہندسیات – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="برقی ہندسیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrotexnika" title="Elektrotexnika – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Elektrotexnika" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%E1%BB%B9_thu%E1%BA%ADt_%C4%91i%E1%BB%87n" title="Kỹ thuật điện – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kỹ thuật điện" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhenyeriya_elektrika" title="Inhenyeriya elektrika – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Inhenyeriya elektrika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xaralaymb%C3%ABj" title="Xaralaymbëj – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Xaralaymbëj" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%B0%94%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="电气工程学 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="电气工程学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ელექტროტექნიკა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ელექტროტექნიკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%E1%B9%A3%E1%BA%B9%CC%81%E1%BA%B9%CC%80r%E1%BB%8D_on%C3%ADtann%C3%A1" title="Iṣẹ́ẹ̀rọ onítanná – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Iṣẹ́ẹ̀rọ onítanná" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%B8" title="電機工程學 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="電機工程學" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C4%81n-ki_kang-t%C3%AAng" title="Tiān-ki kang-têng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiān-ki kang-têng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="電機工程 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="電機工程" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmNgcikisho_wamazuba" title="UmNgcikisho wamazuba – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UmNgcikisho wamazuba" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q43035#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Teknik_listrik" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Teknik_listrik" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&oldid=26287333" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" 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buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Teknik_listrik&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Electrical_engineering" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q43035" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><p><b>Teknik listrik</b> atau <b>teknik elektro</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a>: <span lang="en"><i>electrical engineering</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Belanda" title="Bahasa Belanda">bahasa Belanda</a>: <span lang="nl"><i>elektrotechniek</i></span>) adalah salah satu bidang <a href="/wiki/Ilmu_teknik" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilmu teknik">ilmu teknik</a> mengenai aplikasi <a href="/wiki/Listrik" title="Listrik">listrik</a> untuk memenuhi <a href="/wiki/Kebutuhan" title="Kebutuhan">kebutuhan</a> <a href="/wiki/Masyarakat" title="Masyarakat">masyarakat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Teknik listrik melibatkan <a href="/wiki/Konsep" title="Konsep">konsep</a>, perancangan, <a href="/wiki/Pengembangan" class="mw-disambig" title="Pengembangan">pengembangan</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Produksi" title="Produksi">produksi</a> <a href="/wiki/Peralatan_listrik" title="Peralatan listrik">peralatan listrik</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Elektronik" class="mw-disambig" title="Elektronik">elektronik</a> yang dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Insinyur listrik adalah kaum profesional yang memegang peranan penting dalam mengembangkan dan memajukan teknologi tinggi dalam dunia <a href="/wiki/Komputer" title="Komputer">komputer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laser" title="Laser">laser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Penjelajahan_angkasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Penjelajahan angkasa">penjelajahan angkasa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telekomunikasi" title="Telekomunikasi">telekomunikasi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Energi" title="Energi">energi</a>, dan aplikasi lainnya dari perangkat dan sistem elektronik.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Teknik listrik bekerja sama dengan insinyur dari area lain seperti <a href="/wiki/Teknik_kimia" title="Teknik kimia">teknik kimia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teknik_mesin" title="Teknik mesin">teknik mesin</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Teknik_sipil" title="Teknik sipil">teknik sipil</a> untuk merancang, mengembangkan, dan membantu produksi berbagai macam produk dan jasa seperti sistem distribusi energi, <a href="/wiki/Komputer_pribadi" title="Komputer pribadi">komputer pribadi</a>, sistem <a href="/wiki/Satelit" title="Satelit">satelit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">radio</a> genggam, sistem <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">radar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mobil_listrik" title="Mobil listrik">mobil listrik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jantung_buatan" title="Jantung buatan">jantung buatan</a>, dan lain-lain yang melibatkan komponen listrik dan elektronik.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bidang-bidang">Bidang-bidang</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Bidang-bidang" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bidang-bidang"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ada dua kegunaan utama dari kelistrikan, yaitu sebagai sarana untuk mengirimkan <a href="/wiki/Daya_listrik" title="Daya listrik">daya listrik</a> dari satu tempat ke tempat lain dan sebagai sarana untuk mengirimkan <a href="/wiki/Informasi" title="Informasi">informasi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Secara tradisional, bidang teknik listrik dapat dibagi ke dalam tujuh area spesialisasi berikut ini:<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teknik_tenaga_listrik">Teknik tenaga listrik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Teknik tenaga listrik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Teknik tenaga listrik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Electromagnetic-Spectrum.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Electromagnetic-Spectrum.png/150px-Electromagnetic-Spectrum.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Electromagnetic-Spectrum.png/225px-Electromagnetic-Spectrum.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Electromagnetic-Spectrum.png/300px-Electromagnetic-Spectrum.png 2x" data-file-width="816" data-file-height="1239" /></a><figcaption> Teknik <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetisme" title="Elektromagnetisme">elektromagnetik</a> adalah cabang dari teknik listrik. Gambar menunjukkan rentang spektrum gelombang elektromagnet.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Teknik_tenaga_listrik" title="Teknik tenaga listrik">Teknik tenaga listrik</a> memiliki sejarah yang panjang, dimulai pada tahun <a href="/wiki/1879" title="1879">1879</a> saat <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Alva_Edison" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Alva Edison">Thomas Alva Edison</a> berhasil menciptakan <a href="/wiki/Lampu_pijar" title="Lampu pijar">lampu pijar</a> yang dapat digunakan secara praktis.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalam waktu beberapa tahun Edison membangun sistem distribusi tenaga listrik <a href="/wiki/Arus_searah" title="Arus searah">arus searah</a> di seputaran kota <a href="/wiki/New_York" class="mw-disambig" title="New York">New York</a> yang dapat menyuplai sekitar 400 lampu.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada akhir tahun <a href="/wiki/1880" title="1880">1880an</a> distribusi arus listrik menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Arus_bolak-balik" title="Arus bolak-balik">arus bolak-balik</a> mulai berkembang dan digunakan hingga saat ini.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tesla_bio_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tesla_bio-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Teknik tenaga listrik adalah satu-satunya bidang yang secara khusus berkaitan dengan pembangkitan dan transmisi daya listrik dari satu tempat ke tempat lain.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ini adalah spesialisasi tertua dari teknik tenaga listrik.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teknik_elektromagnetik">Teknik elektromagnetik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Teknik elektromagnetik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Teknik elektromagnetik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Teknik <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetisme" title="Elektromagnetisme">elektromagnetik</a> menjembatani aplikasi listrik sebagai pemindahan energi dan transfer <a href="/wiki/Informasi" title="Informasi">informasi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Teknik elektromagnetik berkaitan dengan interaksi antara <a href="/wiki/Medan_magnet" title="Medan magnet">medan magnet</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Medan_listrik" title="Medan listrik">medan listrik</a>, serta <a href="/wiki/Arus_listrik" title="Arus listrik">arus listrik</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gambar di samping melukiskan spektrum <a href="/wiki/Gelombang" title="Gelombang">gelombang</a> elektromagnet yang berkisar dari gelombang <a href="/wiki/Frekuensi" title="Frekuensi">frekuensi</a> rendah hingga <a href="/wiki/Sinar_gama" title="Sinar gama">sinar gama</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dengan adanya teknik ini dimungkinkanlah telekomunikasi <a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">radio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Televisi" title="Televisi">televisi</a>, komunikasi <a href="/wiki/Satelit" title="Satelit">satelit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">radar</a>, dan semua bentuk komunikasi nirkabel lainnya.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teknik_telekomunikasi">Teknik telekomunikasi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Teknik telekomunikasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Teknik telekomunikasi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Teknik <a href="/wiki/Telekomunikasi" title="Telekomunikasi">telekomunikasi</a> berfokus pada rekayasa dan ilmu yang dibutuhkan untuk mengirimkan informasi dari satu tempat ke tempat lain.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sistem telekomunikasi dapat memanfaatkan gelombang elektromagnetik, berbagai macam kabel listrik, atau <a href="/wiki/Serat_optik" title="Serat optik">serat optik</a> untuk pengiriman informasi.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Salah satu hal penting yang dijawab oleh teknik telekomunikasi adalah bagaimana cara mengodekan informasi ke dalam sinyal listrik.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Perkembangan teknik telekomunikasi telah membuat banyak sistem mutakhir untuk mengodekan informasi untuk dikirmkan dan untuk menyarikan informasi dari sinyal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teknik_komputer">Teknik komputer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Teknik komputer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Teknik komputer"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:80486dx2-large.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/80486dx2-large.jpg/250px-80486dx2-large.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/80486dx2-large.jpg/375px-80486dx2-large.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/80486dx2-large.jpg/500px-80486dx2-large.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1341" data-file-height="1002" /></a><figcaption> Prosesor Intel 80486 DX2 sebagai contoh <a href="/wiki/Sirkuit_terintegrasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirkuit terintegrasi">sirkuit terintegrasi</a> hasil pengembangan teknik elektronika yang digunakan oleh teknik komputer.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Teknik_komputer" title="Teknik komputer">teknik komputer</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Teknik_komputer" title="Teknik komputer">Teknik komputer</a> adalah salah satu spesialisasi yang berkembang paling cepat dalam dunia teknik listrik.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Teknik komputer meliputi perancangan sistem <a href="/wiki/Perangkat_keras" title="Perangkat keras">perangkat keras</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Program_komputer" title="Program komputer">program komputer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sistem komputer berkisar dari komputer besar atau disebut dengan <i>mainframe</i> yang digunakan dalam dunia perbankan, rekayasa, dan sains hingga <a href="/wiki/Komputer_pribadi" title="Komputer pribadi">komputer pribadi</a> yang digunakan secara perorangan hingga belakangan juga digunakan secara komersial.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teknik_elektronika">Teknik elektronika</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Teknik elektronika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Teknik elektronika"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Teknik <a href="/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika">elektronika</a> adalah teknik yang berhubungan dengan berbagai material dalam berbagai konfigurasi atau struktur yang dapat mengatur aliran <a href="/wiki/Arus_listrik" title="Arus listrik">arus listrik</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalam teknik elektronika dikenal dan digunakan berbagai komponen seperti <a href="/wiki/Diode" class="mw-redirect" title="Diode">diode</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transistor" title="Transistor">transistor</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Sirkuit_terpadu" title="Sirkuit terpadu">sirkuit terpadu</a> untuk membangun <a href="/wiki/Perangkat_keras" title="Perangkat keras">perangkat keras</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hasil dari teknik elektronika digunakan secara langsung oleh bidang lain seperti teknik komputer dan teknik telekomunikasi dengan sirkuit terintegrasi sebagai salah satu kemajuan terbesar yang paling dimanfaatkan.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teknik_rekayasa_sistem">Teknik rekayasa sistem</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Teknik rekayasa sistem" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Teknik rekayasa sistem"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rekayasa sistem memanfaatkan prinsip-prinsip <a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">matematika</a> untuk memodelkan dan menjelaskan sistem kompleks dan memprediksi kehandalannya berdasarkan analisis teknik.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Berdasarkan deskripsi matematis dari sebuah permasalahan, seorang insinyur dapat memperkirakan kejadian dari sesuatu hal pada kondisi yang ada dan membuat solusi yang optimal.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teknik_kendali">Teknik kendali</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Teknik kendali" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Teknik kendali"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Teknik_kendali" title="Teknik kendali">teknik kendali</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Sistem_kendali" title="Sistem kendali">Sistem kendali</a> berkaitan dengan sistem elektronik yang dirancang untuk memberikan pengaturan cepat dan tepat terhadap suatu perintah.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Teknik sistem kendali sangat banyak dipelajari dalam teknik listrik.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sistem kendali tidak terbatas pada sistem elektrikal melainkan hingga pengendalian sistem kimia, sistem hidraulis, dan sistem mekanik lainnya.<sup id="cite_ref-irwin95_1-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-irwin95-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irwin95_1-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite class="citation book">Irwin, J. David; Kerns, David V., Jr. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/introductiontoel0000irwi"><i>Introduction to Electrical Engineering</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris) (edisi ke-1). Prentice Hall. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/introductiontoel0000irwi/page/n26">3</a>-11. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0023599309" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0023599309">978-0023599309</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Electrical+Engineering&rft.pages=3-11&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Prentice+Hall&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0023599309&rft.aulast=Irwin&rft.aufirst=J.+David&rft.au=Kerns%2C+David+V.%2C+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fintroductiontoel0000irwi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATeknik+listrik" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="id" dir="ltr">Kesalahan pengutipan: Tanda <code><ref></code> tidak sah; nama "irwin95" didefinisikan berulang dengan isi berbeda</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tesla_bio-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tesla_bio_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100202005925/http://www.essortment.com/all/nikolateslaalt_myf.htm">"Nikola Tesla biography: inventor of alternating current"</a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Pagewise. 2002. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.essortment.com/all/nikolateslaalt_myf.htm">versi asli</a> tanggal 2010-02-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2010-05-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nikola+Tesla+biography%3A+inventor+of+alternating+current&rft.pub=Pagewise&rft.date=2002&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.essortment.com%2Fall%2Fnikolateslaalt_myf.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATeknik+listrik" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_listrik&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ieee.org/">Situs web IEEE (<i>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineer</i>) - organisasi profesional insinyur teknik listrik dan elektronika</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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style="width:1%">Bidang</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bangunan dan <a href="/wiki/Konstruksi" title="Konstruksi">Konstruksi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_Perencanaan_Wilayah_dan_Kota" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota">Teknik Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_akustik" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik akustik">Teknik akustik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_arsitektur" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik arsitektur">Teknik arsitektur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_kelautan" title="Teknik kelautan">Teknik kelautan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_keselamatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik keselamatan">Teknik keselamatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_konstruksi" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik konstruksi">Teknik konstruksi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_perawatan_bangunan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik perawatan bangunan (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik perawatan bangunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_perlindungan_kebakaran" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik perlindungan kebakaran">Teknik perlindungan kebakaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_sipil" title="Teknik sipil">Teknik sipil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_sanitasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik sanitasi (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik sanitasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_struktur" title="Teknik struktur">Teknik struktur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_rumah_tangga" title="Teknologi rumah tangga">Teknologi rumah tangga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_biomedis" title="Teknologi biomedis">Biomedis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bioinformatika" title="Bioinformatika">Bioinformatika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biomekatronika" title="Biomekatronika">Biomekatronika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioteknologi" title="Bioteknologi">Bioteknologi</a> kesehatan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmakologi" title="Farmakologi">Farmakologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_kedokteran_nano" title="Ilmu kedokteran nano">Ilmu kedokteran nano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_kesehatan" title="Ilmu kesehatan">Ilmu kesehatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_syaraf" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilmu syaraf">Ilmu syaraf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informatika_kimia" title="Informatika kimia">Informatika kimia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riset_medis" title="Riset medis">Riset medis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rekayasa_hayati" title="Rekayasa hayati">Rekayasa hayati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_biomedis" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik biomedis">Teknik biomedis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rekayasa_genetika" class="mw-redirect" title="Rekayasa genetika">Rekayasa genetika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rekayasa_jaringan" title="Rekayasa jaringan">Teknik jaringan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_kesehatan" title="Teknologi kesehatan">Teknologi kesehatan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknologi_reproduksi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknologi reproduksi (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknologi reproduksi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknologi_syaraf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknologi syaraf (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknologi syaraf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknologi_energi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknologi energi (halaman belum tersedia)">Energi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energi_terbarukan" title="Energi terbarukan">Energi terbarukan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penyimpanan_energi" title="Penyimpanan energi">Penyimpanan energi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_nuklir" title="Teknik nuklir">Teknik nuklir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_perminyakan" title="Teknik perminyakan">Teknik perminyakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_nuklir" title="Teknologi nuklir">Teknologi nuklir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_industri" title="Teknologi industri">Industri</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bioteknologi_industri" title="Bioteknologi industri">Bioteknologi industri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_industri" title="Gas industri">Gas industri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manajemen_teknik" class="mw-redirect" title="Manajemen teknik">Manajemen teknik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufaktur" class="mw-redirect" title="Manufaktur">Manufaktur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metalurgi" title="Metalurgi">Metalurgi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penelitian_dan_pengembangan" title="Penelitian dan pengembangan">Penelitian dan pengembangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_manufaktur_fleksibel" title="Sistem manufaktur fleksibel">Sistem manufaktur fleksibel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_bioproses" title="Teknik bioproses">Teknik bioproses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_biosistem" title="Teknik biosistem">Teknik biosistem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_finansial" title="Teknik finansial">Teknik finansial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_industri" title="Teknik industri">Teknik industri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_kewirausahaan" title="Teknik kewirausahaan">Teknik kewirausahaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_manufaktur" title="Teknik manufaktur">Teknik manufaktur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_otomasi" title="Teknik otomasi">Teknik otomasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_pertambangan" title="Teknik pertambangan">Teknik pertambangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_proses" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik proses">Teknik proses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_informasi_dan_komunikasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknologi informasi dan komunikasi">Informasi dan Komunikasi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_komputer" title="Ilmu komputer">Ilmu komputer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kecerdasan_buatan" title="Kecerdasan buatan">Kecerdasan buatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemindai_3D" title="Pemindai 3D">Pemindai 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rekayasa_balik" title="Rekayasa balik">Rekayasa balik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_frekuensi_radio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik frekuensi radio (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik frekuensi radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_komputer" title="Teknik komputer">Teknik komputer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_komputer_dan_jaringan" title="Teknik komputer dan jaringan">Teknik komputer dan jaringan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_ontologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik ontologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik ontologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_penyiaran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik penyiaran (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik penyiaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_perangkat_lunak" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik perangkat lunak">Teknik perangkat lunak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_telekomunikasi" title="Teknik telekomunikasi">Teknik telekomunikasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_website&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik website (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik website</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_informasi" title="Teknologi informasi">Teknologi informasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_komputasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknologi komputasi">Teknologi komputasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_komunikasi" title="Teknologi komunikasi">Teknologi komunikasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_musik" title="Teknologi musik">Teknologi musik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknologi_visual&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknologi visual (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknologi visual</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grafis" title="Grafis">Grafis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_lingkungan" title="Teknologi lingkungan">Lingkungan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangunan_hijau" title="Bangunan hijau">Bangunan hijau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desain_berkelanjutan" title="Desain berkelanjutan">Desain berkelanjutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desain_ekologis" title="Desain ekologis">Desain ekologis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energi_terbarukan" title="Energi terbarukan">Energi terbarukan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_lingkungan" title="Ilmu lingkungan">Ilmu lingkungan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_lingkungan" title="Teknik lingkungan">Teknik lingkungan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_lanskap" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik lanskap">Teknik lanskap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_batu_bara_bersih" title="Teknologi batu bara bersih">Teknologi batu bara bersih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_bersih" title="Teknologi bersih">Teknologi bersih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_nano_hijau" title="Teknologi nano hijau">Teknologi nano hijau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_militer_dan_peralatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknologi militer dan peralatan">Militer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Komunikasi_militer" title="Komunikasi militer">Komunikasi militer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peperangan_elektronik" title="Peperangan elektronik">Peperangan elektronik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_militer" title="Teknik militer">Teknik militer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_siluman" title="Teknologi siluman">Teknologi siluman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeni" title="Zeni">Zeni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_pendidikan" title="Teknologi pendidikan">Pendidikan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perangkat_lunak_pendidikan" title="Perangkat lunak pendidikan">Perangkat lunak pendidikan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknologi_digital_dalam_pendidikan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknologi digital dalam pendidikan (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknologi digital dalam pendidikan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknologi_informasi_dan_komunikasi_dalam_bidang_pendidikan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam bidang pendidikan (halaman belum tersedia)">TIK dalam pendidikan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dampak_teknologi_dalam_sistem_pendidikan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dampak teknologi dalam sistem pendidikan (halaman belum tersedia)">Dampak teknologi dalam sistem pendidikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembelajaran_multimedia" title="Pembelajaran multimedia">Pembelajaran multimedia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampus_virtual&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kampus virtual (halaman belum tersedia)">Kampus virtual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendidikan_virtual" class="mw-redirect" title="Pendidikan virtual">Pendidikan virtual</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pertanian" title="Pertanian">Pertanian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agronomi" title="Agronomi">Agronomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioinformatika" title="Bioinformatika">Bioinformatika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biostatistika" title="Biostatistika">Biostatistika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioteknologi" title="Bioteknologi">Bioteknologi</a> pertanian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budidaya_perairan" class="mw-redirect" title="Budidaya perairan">Budidaya perairan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hortikultura" title="Hortikultura">Hortikultura</a></li> <li>Ilmu <a href="/wiki/Gizi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gizi">Gizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kehutanan" title="Kehutanan">Kehutanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_tanah" title="Ilmu tanah">Ilmu tanah</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kesuburan_tanaman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kesuburan tanaman (halaman belum tersedia)">kesuburan tanaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingkungan_dan_bangunan_pertanian" title="Lingkungan dan bangunan pertanian">Lingkungan dan bangunan pertanian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrobiologi_pertanian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikrobiologi pertanian (halaman belum tersedia)">Mikrobiologi pertanian</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrobiologi_tanah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikrobiologi tanah (halaman belum tersedia)">mikrobiologi tanah</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrobiologi_simbiotik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikrobiologi simbiotik (halaman belum tersedia)">mikrobiologi simbiotik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mikrobiologi_pangan" title="Mikrobiologi pangan">mikrobiologi pangan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemuliaan_tanaman" title="Pemuliaan tanaman">Pemuliaan tanaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perikanan" title="Perikanan">Perikanan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perlindungan_tanaman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perlindungan tanaman (halaman belum tersedia)">Perlindungan tanaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peternakan" title="Peternakan">Peternakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_pangan" title="Teknik pangan">Teknik pangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_pertanian" title="Teknik pertanian">Teknik pertanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_pangan" title="Teknologi pangan">Teknologi pangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedokteran_hewan" title="Kedokteran hewan">Veteriner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transportasi" title="Transportasi">Transportasi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_kedirgantaraan" title="Teknik kedirgantaraan">Teknik kedirgantaraan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_lalu_lintas" title="Teknik lalu lintas">Teknik lalu lintas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_otomotif" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik otomotif">Teknik otomotif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_perkapalan" title="Teknik perkapalan">Teknik perkapalan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_transportasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik transportasi (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik transportasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_luar_angkasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknologi luar angkasa">Teknologi luar angkasa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_terapan" title="Ilmu terapan">Ilmu terapan</a> lainnya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika">Elektronika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elektro-optika" title="Elektro-optika">Elektro-optika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabrikasi_mikro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fabrikasi mikro (halaman belum tersedia)">Fabrikasi mikro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geologi_teknik" class="mw-redirect" title="Geologi teknik">Geologi teknik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidrolika" class="mw-redirect" title="Hidrolika">Hidrolika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanoteknologi" title="Nanoteknologi">Nanoteknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kriogenik" title="Kriogenik">Kriogenik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_fisika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik fisika (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik fisika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_material" title="Teknik material">Teknik material</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_mikro" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknologi mikro">Teknologi mikro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_cabang_ilmu_keteknikan" title="Daftar cabang ilmu keteknikan">Bidang</a> <a href="/wiki/Ilmu_teknik" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilmu teknik">ilmu teknik</a> lainnya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elektronika_dan_instrumentasi" title="Elektronika dan instrumentasi">Elektronika dan instrumentasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekatronika" title="Mekatronika">Mekatronika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rekayasa_geoteknik" title="Rekayasa geoteknik">Rekayasa geoteknik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robotika" title="Robotika">Robotika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_audio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik audio (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik audio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pengenalan_suara" class="mw-disambig" title="Pengenalan suara">Pengenalan suara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_biokimia" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik biokimia">Teknik biokimia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_biosistem" title="Teknik biosistem">Teknik biosistem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_elektronika" title="Teknik elektronika">Teknik elektronika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_hidrolika" title="Teknik hidrolika">Teknik hidrolika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_keramik" title="Teknik keramik">Teknik keramik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_kimia" title="Teknik kimia">Teknik kimia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_kontrol" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik kontrol">Teknik kontrol</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Teknik listrik</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pengolahan_isyarat" class="mw-redirect" title="Pengolahan isyarat">Pengolahan isyarat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_pertambangan" title="Teknik pertambangan">Teknik pertambangan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_polimer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik polimer (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik polimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_mesin" title="Teknik mesin">Teknik mesin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_optika" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik optika">Teknik optika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_protein" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik protein">Teknik protein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_sistem" title="Teknik sistem">Teknik sistem</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknologi_hiburan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknologi hiburan (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknologi hiburan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_kuantum" title="Teknologi kuantum">Teknologi kuantum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Komponen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Infrastruktur" title="Infrastruktur">Infrastruktur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reka_cipta" title="Reka cipta">Reka cipta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pengetahuan" title="Pengetahuan">Pengetahuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesin" title="Mesin">Mesin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemampuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kemampuan">Kemampuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peralatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Peralatan">Peralatan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gadget" class="mw-redirect" title="Gadget">Gadget</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Skala" class="mw-redirect" title="Skala">Skala</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Femtoteknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Femtoteknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Femtoteknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pikoteknologi" title="Pikoteknologi">Pikoteknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanoteknologi" title="Nanoteknologi">Nanoteknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikroteknologi" title="Mikroteknologi">Mikroteknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makroteknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makroteknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Makroteknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Megateknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Megateknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Megateknologi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_teknologi" title="Sejarah teknologi">Sejarah</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknologi_prasejarah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknologi prasejarah (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknologi prasejarah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolusi_neolitik" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolusi neolitik">Revolusi neolitik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknologi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknologi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknologi kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknologi_abad_pertengahan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknologi abad pertengahan (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknologi abad pertengahan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknologi_abad_renaisans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknologi abad renaisans (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknologi abad renaisans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolusi_Industri" title="Revolusi Industri">Revolusi Industri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolusi_Industri_kedua" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolusi Industri kedua">Revolusi Industri kedua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jaman_jet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jaman jet (halaman belum tersedia)">Jaman jet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolusi_Digital" title="Revolusi Digital">Revolusi Digital</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jaman_informasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jaman informasi (halaman belum tersedia)">Jaman informasi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teori_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teori teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Teori</a> dan konsep</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Determinisme_teknologi" title="Determinisme teknologi">Determinisme teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Efemeralisasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Efemeralisasi (halaman belum tersedia)">Efemeralisasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Etika_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Etika teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Etika teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evolusi_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evolusi teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Evolusi teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosofi_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filosofi teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Filosofi teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kebangkitan_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kebangkitan teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Kebangkitan teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kritik_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kritik teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Kritik teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konsep_komunikasi_digital" title="Konsep komunikasi digital">Konsep komunikasi digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konvergensi_teknologi" title="Konvergensi teknologi">Konvergensi teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Momentum_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Momentum teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Momentum teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasionalisme_teknologi" title="Nasionalisme teknologi">Nasionalisme teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peningkatan_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peningkatan teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Peningkatan teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perubahan_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perubahan teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Perubahan teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rasionalitas_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rasionalitas teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Rasionalitas teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siklus_hidup_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siklus hidup teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Siklus hidup teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siklus_kematangan_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siklus kematangan teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Siklus kematangan teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singularitas_teknologi" title="Singularitas teknologi">Singularitas teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_inovasi_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem inovasi teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Sistem inovasi teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strategi_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strategi teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Strategi teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tekno-progresivisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tekno-progresivisme (halaman belum tersedia)">Tekno-progresivisme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknoetika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknoetika (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknoetika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknokapitalisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknokapitalisme (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknokapitalisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknokrasi" title="Teknokrasi">Teknokrasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknokritisisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknokritisisme (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknokritisisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_tepat_guna" title="Teknologi tepat guna">Teknologi tepat guna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_tinggi" title="Teknologi tinggi">Teknologi tinggi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknomansi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknomansi (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknomansi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknorealisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknorealisme (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknorealisme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknosentrisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknosentrisme (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknosentrisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teori_difusi_inovasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Teori difusi inovasi">Teori difusi inovasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transhumanisme" title="Transhumanisme">Transhumanisme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utopianisme_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utopianisme teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Utopianisme teknologi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lainnya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Daftar teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demonstrasi_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demonstrasi teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Demonstrasi teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Integrasi_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Integrasi teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Integrasi teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurnalisme_teknologi" title="Jurnalisme teknologi">Jurnalisme teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manajemen_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manajemen teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Manajemen teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pendidikan_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pendidikan teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Pendidikan teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengarahan_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengarahan teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Pengarahan teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengaturan_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengaturan teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Pengaturan teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penilaian_teknologi" title="Penilaian teknologi">Penilaian teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perusahaan_teknologi" title="Perusahaan teknologi">Perusahaan teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Ilmu_dan_teknologi_menurut_negara" title="Kategori:Ilmu dan teknologi menurut negara">Sains dan teknologi berdasarkan negara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sains_dan_Teknologi_di_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sains dan Teknologi di Indonesia">Sains dan Teknologi di Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skala_Kardashev" title="Skala Kardashev">Skala Kardashev</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strategi_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strategi teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Strategi teknologi</a></li> <li><a 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