CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913391a07ee1fce3',cH: 'OTj8m0izhxdWr4kS3wYe_HA3pLZqJz36B68J8dzeH0E-1739772149-1.2.1.1-T6ENJBHzDHC4ZTDkhm2veN6MR1PdZBWNkNu2CNJS2FlJWdsLssUloB4oU1e97sEe',cUPMDTk: "\/4629\/bibtex?__cf_chl_tk=SUyxFGwVVfhdXTAc.m3xhuHLAetHWk3PVnQsDG6xnuY-1739772149-1.0.1.1-9BvP6w8aMNHWar_puFupeB7CF29YvV8NMo6BGkLjlt4",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739772149',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/4629\/bibtex?__cf_chl_f_tk=SUyxFGwVVfhdXTAc.m3xhuHLAetHWk3PVnQsDG6xnuY-1739772149-1.0.1.1-9BvP6w8aMNHWar_puFupeB7CF29YvV8NMo6BGkLjlt4",md: "ePA6ZbLArok3yuL5Jf0Hylw7d3lyUqd1DRpzdGhH6O8-1739772149-1.2.1.1-kBTf4CIMpmRaRDOg9FHKqwMk4UavCMMRbMEGOtMiwX_mlOQW7tsJHYDWqQkESVwaDKF.Gs9grCkkwWLteEfltk1n_fpPdnR0SbwntY.uIBBmwZrlXlrLxitxb.j8zeuOkWc8oFMPVThj2nWcZbpzX4gKBqAdTncKRCjHeKrTJN6.sJoBN7lRfYTFGgom53JRaevXwB113tqfBH9y2rPlR4RyBukBo8IjK4Ve5ogKSlspYKGscTYrwwp61M7ynigSvY726J_nsdWF7e8zpgUgWB7H3ldDN8ZAMZ8PzIMNx9qj0prHhAEa4._gTVIQeabOUxW1pO6H1RE.tU7i1sSXyXKfBCRzbuFEkfbwQC_NRuWwFCkGDwjSeQhfXyH8eBpWt85ELvKj3g80ZjxVenAR4WqlFbq81OCLZnG3EjwnMp1_.fpl_VpI4XAj9OrXVwB5PekFdZ2IFkZnk_bNn0nQj.keYVcvjWII.ttBQzlIQHSghuzqSvTxB9wqnrA_dvtaylrKzeWUkzlXJe1gUFa0eg7Mth710XephGyAkrtRKwvTa2WWms1QJSP8fC0W5Nay1.mxLUeqfqOcAI1.mfb4y1PcIDAu.w2ZMQNg4C5mwbbBzY3gRg8M47_t2bYDzmAWsTVJglE0kcoU__oLUmO2sWA06hYsCZPqzsdUrxwojJtzTSUernEF_BELkrZVVDPAF1tmG8FaNNYEntDYZBnMPnPNSFjA8s1p1aYYMgwrSPx8WksJuK36fF.hmAvy0Pqvy9ldnaQJR2QbMOJVi3THDzYud1UyZR.Z85ft3Lc_KBEsnrNHdyZvv1Lc5SPxOy4a8T57rvLxI8maowWJAZ_BToD6IWqu7laa.792EY028wqc5MqS_yE1rXJCq5TqSUraeJ0HKRA.I.JZPnSQn0Q.UjRnY4H_vu927fXbzGL5GJ1oKixCFJUzFvZ8HMaiUpMjeEZiTh4Yduyg3DfF0Jx48.tVTExHfEplZVuyBdY415xbUJ7kWwa4KFYJfbekoj_XhrvLfZ0cUv3GD3FR3UwSJ6fVSjRGMKjK4NSjvCWb.pwiARqESSf35w90BfYTqQRBpSV0ZX2.VIChSpF1EB_5Ifdxb9h797JikaB8dyO0FVJvnsTdz5rV._xcKUBz5SXFjoRuFsjMkqnbW_RmIsYVBUJvrnkeHiCzBf3HjXgT2x..QHdOZR9ycR4O6l29SU7sGHJopAv697p3cVQLOhHjGROI6D.jQSsS4_LGA8kVYbt5UDQ1cOctQ7.dAhf8e0QH73qUi5N40ixy8w4SXnKKQaaRjcNwDO3K.5U7e1CLgV0jHuqTU5hH8ah8LERL6tuNTjNOAFI9_fJowEkFKLBcDXexW.y9vzGoJP._.GYQQVDxBFwUurZrLxzcx_xLNkHF9MgGDjPRPnyKXfxRjm1vLdBAPcI86E0zKMSMO798.nKiUU5VzCwyt.NjQ1pIdE0V1yswxqKWcVHlx8HqSs9meZFJ9BuWYCN85U2G3.MgH5IzeSokaiO7mQqy_w7Rumx4HNKfvIMiThId9Ap2PWxh4zGMD99GNX4sUfeHnJmdYSIL03QAFHxai2w3SYojKAmnfMZYvgIMaQhFI43xiIsjhjILaU7TyffrXLbnVEdLM7hA5RY97veT0u3XkeMNkJ6W7uDOGt4PKjunNkbPHpkJ.2wUdCRHJ6Bv_exhDLAzCjKPit9uBMcOjIIyfxauhu_nZW71z.RSiilmWOo82BD1fu7lawuagkN.L26CFlcm2fzLblE5ciBS4F3fCuOMuo4sOLVEAQoQehlIXpTq1EGY4wltHp4HA4ARK6_ktwEehEaA8VH17ri0dNxPpptNVfj2zLiXMTNlOQGR8SqpzXsDD7BKqiUN0PKo3barNSAmMxc",mdrd: "0NtDu0kL83Opw5UYbnY.3jAsty213jxqQ5J5NFH8emw-1739772149-1.2.1.1-pcafnD8lBt_I3TkR1w8ohwlAQP7VvgZk5azG.ssJHX1xxmngRWxnfkRuZQJNO1Sdwdd7UZhQPaSVX5O30DHLcKS6S_h69Nf3z9McSIf0Wqo.H0SG72nPmS3mAZ.39HjdptYcIdZ0IzDOXHuoCAYhEqtFswRR3YoCC5nQg3MgE0QB8SLT0Kzug7hNDEEBgP4D35bDEJmkwn04DDzHH2BiwFu8qf7qOdaO7QPf7tYJIZvwEfv10GJxtWARwUt7cnKVDf4T0sRsbtTO_hXG_5KY0GhXsw1Y5fzY2206XJUMImihrJ3W9fSoGg_RYjAv4H3DmjMv8lQqaWNuvgpwoV91uklVYhIUUjgHsEl_kj4CEfF9clO70MSEAy4pGqEZwro5CLHwtHyMVYd9Y43UmmGvhbTzoQrsU_oIp2WcFGQro6h56S0gElXKkZtvEviZILMvDZn_b8lRw0tqLn6vwl_4w7jzBYbJn3.Ir0LFWbfz36tsLnt6zgsp8I8ZF8xbE5X3DVYMvvQk.FD7kyLw4o16nGt6o0MR37hm.OZ4wLFBwr.y6ea8W86Kb4GJ_f1DlOszS5Vl5_X8MKUrgluFJB7gzu5pigRNohITzhUPWdrxcxAafz2MBAe.nXjyJieFkBeeCHXQqHN9bHj2V9r9o7jbqMkoWNXTMwyHUf8hp6od7z9N9qowxCYpxvsMtNddqDcvjuI4f0bV3Jslnj9SA7C_lH8l4PnrEUb12TZ37aJJmPriTHB5ymCIcDweOzE.gDNomLeb74Op7het2iAFy.GDz96d8IcbvdppzlL9keKA0OrwaIPlEk8vmJ2HmBGd5w4KPTZV9H5zxtZt9o16Qkye0w9RDBqDDBsBzmbBGOvSz.YEyuY6jvccwkpiE25GwK5Jnr1pEg_qXWx0FIwYxQNumlxiiuFUAKLZDYARV7TiMaPlC7D0KhBUcKHjdqTlpyC6skZ3dufrJV4H6vtm0NdJlRwNsykmHVl_UaOXtAU6Ht1v6CF0zMzv5medb1wGhyPi_0bHt9IoohSKciMQgwKX1zAKdMAYq1eaWWDH9yxrIXHZx.RF1qm2uHwQzT2QBsf8DALfBPyZeLNs5JKCFGotz8BdmShD7JOEw4zP9PIe7DXBVH1cldpaBBMZczCPXD0ITWkSiRy_GzIHKoirolo16im.5owMg4JIUArSkjD2Zyjw6M8mdAGaVuQQXcjEhQdk07U1B0MP.bjZkhO61XJ4itGn3zF15sOIxucmruXpmehl.RJRWcgI.bcQDSNeTwiqbNlZIuZEQ7xsnfc4lNMNvAZn2YahE6z9cvBKoY7szEbVjZL9nOOMwzrCPl5c49fBaJZlXXx_tVdA.Uza51Uc8DcV5eDhg52X.oU.BwQguoZdJ237byrdh52AVXW83V_dr8HwUgjyQObeo8zaM6AeGu1i3SZ5nfwpTGGBaEPTB6WJ8sDvD5ACWMEd7oA8BtnqsxJwITX8CtWM.ALumwstmcY9v_JF2z0P1j6ersXbuSuAm70Hi4aM1UFJi4O0VX57BSwNeXMYfNWrre6AJxgWZXCx_xxAXC3rgerv97PfCkvbtMJvqwCzez64iYFOpYY2by73vL1SH0HB6Q.XUNG37o5rLfvCqnRfpA3KqRTaHG3V4lj3Lta5GSN5MjBRWNw3kvlJloNgEX6oVTzDIDMhl1a9_eHZ.POmHRlrXQXI5OL9W8IWjjtdMaAkJAdzvHaoSPKVJ0doQovAf0sNIXRfKN_7IQLFFWNjJZG0YBC6X8Ndj7UXXN9HLB47CSL.QT2FydreYlmC_RFHN1FGbIZrMsA7W9eQemmjfqVLksTupc8SsLcJQBcSP828MHSTPi474IMVNP3BGY1x1wm3XG6eNjpYMJlPJW_YrL2HCOcxLcBV8XWB8QCRjcACz4JPsuFdSOhf1E0cDWtAdz5LxcZ2gTIjoF23N2kqlFla0NHjtt1jcR4K2hibGJBCRfZrspKsra_MCcrMlYgJ6xXxalkyxg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913391a07ee1fce3';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/4629\/bibtex?__cf_chl_rt_tk=SUyxFGwVVfhdXTAc.m3xhuHLAetHWk3PVnQsDG6xnuY-1739772149-1.0.1.1-9BvP6w8aMNHWar_puFupeB7CF29YvV8NMo6BGkLjlt4" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>