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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sisukord</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">peida</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Algus</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Ajalugu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ajalugu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Ajalugu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ajalugu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Omadused" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Omadused"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Omadused</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Omadused-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Lülita ümber alaosa "Omadused"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Omadused-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Füüsikalised_omadused" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Füüsikalised_omadused"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Füüsikalised omadused</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Füüsikalised_omadused-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keemilised_omadused" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keemilised_omadused"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Keemilised omadused</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keemilised_omadused-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Levik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Levik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Levik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Levik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isotoobid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotoobid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Isotoobid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isotoobid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tootmine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tootmine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Tootmine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tootmine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tähtsamad_ühendid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tähtsamad_ühendid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Tähtsamad ühendid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tähtsamad_ühendid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Toodang_ja_kasutamine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toodang_ja_kasutamine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Toodang ja kasutamine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toodang_ja_kasutamine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sisukord" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Lülita sisukord ümber" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lülita sisukord ümber</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hafnium</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mine teises keeles artiklisse. Saadaval 141 keeles" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-141" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">141 keelt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – afrikaani" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%80%E1%8D%8D%E1%8A%92%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="ሀፍኒየም – amhara" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሀፍኒየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हेफ़नियम – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="हेफ़नियम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="هافنيوم – araabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هافنيوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnio" title="Hafnio – aragoni" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Hafnio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafniu" title="Hafniu – aromuuni" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Hafniu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromuuni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafniu" title="Hafniu – astuuria" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hafniu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astuuria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – aserbaidžaani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – indoneesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="bali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="হ্যাফনিয়াম – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হ্যাফনিয়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – lõunamini" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="lõunamini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гафний – baškiiri" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гафний" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškiiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Гафній – valgevene" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гафній" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="valgevene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD" title="Гафн – valgevene (taraškievitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гафн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="valgevene (taraškievitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हाफ्नियम – bihaari" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="हाफ्नियम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="bihaari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapnyo" title="Hapnyo – keskbikoli" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Hapnyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="keskbikoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="ཧབ་ནིམ། – tiibeti" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཧབ་ནིམ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tiibeti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="eeskujulik artikkel"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnij" title="Hafnij – bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hafnij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafniom" title="Hafniom – bretooni" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hafniom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretooni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Хафний – bulgaaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хафний" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafni" title="Hafni – katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hafni" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnyo" title="Hafnyo – sebu" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Hafnyo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="sebu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гафний – tšuvaši" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Гафний" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tšuvaši" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – tšehhi" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšehhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afniu" title="Afniu – korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Afniu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haffniwm" title="Haffniwm – kõmri" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Haffniwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="kõmri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – taani" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="taani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="هافنيوم – Maroko araabia" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="هافنيوم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Maroko araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="hea artikkel"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CF%86%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Άφνιο – kreeka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άφνιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="kreeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="hea artikkel"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnio" title="Hafnio – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hafnio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnio" title="Hafnio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hafnio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnio" title="Hafnio – baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hafnio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85" title="هافنیم – pärsia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هافنیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="pärsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – Fidži hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fidži hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – prantsuse" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prantsuse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afni" title="Afni – friuuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Afni" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friuuli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haifniam" title="Haifniam – iiri" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Haifniam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – mänksi" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mänksi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – gaeli" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaeli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnio" title="Hafnio – galeegi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hafnio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galeegi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B9%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AB%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AE" title="હાફનીયમ – gudžarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="હાફનીયમ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Гафниум – kalmõki" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Гафниум" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmõki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%98%ED%94%84%EB%8A%84" title="하프늄 – korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="하프늄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D6%86%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Հաֆնիում – armeenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հաֆնիում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हाफ्नियम – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हाफ्नियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnij" title="Hafnij – horvaadi" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hafnij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnio" title="Hafnio – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Hafnio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmHlafantunge" title="UmHlafantunge – suulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UmHlafantunge" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="suulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafn%C3%ADn" title="Hafnín – islandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hafnín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afnio" title="Afnio – itaalia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Afnio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itaalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="הפניום – heebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הפניום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – jaava" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jaava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haf%C9%A9n%C9%A9y%C9%94m" title="Hafɩnɩyɔm – kabije" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Hafɩnɩyɔm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="kabije" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಹಾಫ್ನಿಯಮ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹಾಫ್ನಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ჰაფნიუმი – gruusia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰაფნიუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гафний – kasahhi" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гафний" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasahhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafniom" title="Hafniom – korni" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Hafniom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="korni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гафний – kirgiisi" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гафний" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гафний – mäemari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Гафний" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mäemari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafni" title="Hafni – suahiili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Hafni" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahiili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гафний – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Гафний" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xafnel" title="Xafnel – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Xafnel" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafniy%C3%BBm" title="Hafniyûm – kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hafniyûm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – ladina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ladina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnijs" title="Hafnijs – läti" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hafnijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="läti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – letseburgi" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="letseburgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnis" title="Hafnis – leedu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Hafnis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="leedu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afnio" title="Afnio – liguuri" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Afnio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – limburgi" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gafnii" title="Gafnii – livviko" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Gafnii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="livviko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jinmrxafni" title="jinmrxafni – ložban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jinmrxafni" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ložban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afnio" title="Afnio – lombardi" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Afnio" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – ungari" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Хафниум – makedoonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хафниум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedoonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="ഹാഫ്നിയം – malajalami" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹാഫ്നിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हाफ्नियम – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हाफ्नियम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="هافنيوم – Egiptuse araabia" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هافنيوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egiptuse araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – idamini" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="idamini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Гафни – mokša" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Гафни" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokša" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Гафни – mongoli" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гафни" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%96%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ဟက်ဖ်နီယမ် – birma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဟက်ဖ်နီယမ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – hollandi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हाफ्नियम – nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="हाफ्नियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%95%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="ハフニウム – jaapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハフニウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="jaapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – põhjafriisi" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="põhjafriisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – norra bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norra bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – uusnorra" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="uusnorra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afni" title="Afni – oksitaani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Afni" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AB%E0%AD%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%AE" title="ହାଫ୍‌ନିଅମ – oria" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ହାଫ୍‌ନିଅମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gafniy" title="Gafniy – usbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gafniy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਹਾਫ਼ਨੀਅਮ – pandžabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹਾਫ਼ਨੀਅਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हाफ्नियम – paali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="हाफ्नियम" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="paali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85" title="ہافنیم – lahnda" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہافنیم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="lahnda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="هافنيوم – puštu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هافنيوم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="puštu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afnio" title="Afnio – piemonte" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Afnio" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemonte" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – alamsaksa" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="alamsaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafn" title="Hafn – poola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hafn" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A1fnio" title="Háfnio – portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Háfnio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafniu" title="Hafniu – rumeenia" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hafniu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapniyu" title="Hapniyu – ketšua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Hapniyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="ketšua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гафний – vene" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гафний" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="vene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हाफ्नियम – sanskriti" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="हाफ्नियम" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskriti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80fniu" title="Àfniu – sardi" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Àfniu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – šoti" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="šoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – saterfriisi" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfriisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafniumi" title="Hafniumi – albaania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hafniumi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afniu" title="Afniu – sitsiilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Afniu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sitsiilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – lihtsustatud inglise" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="lihtsustatud inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – slovaki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnij" title="Hafnij – sloveeni" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hafnij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haafniyaam" title="Haafniyaam – somaali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Haafniyaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%85" title="ھافنیۆم – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھافنیۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Хафнијум – serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хафнијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnijum" title="Hafnijum – serbia-horvaadi" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hafnijum" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbia-horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – soome" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="soome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – rootsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="rootsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafniyo" title="Hafniyo – tagalogi" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hafniyo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalogi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%83%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஆஃபினியம் – tamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆஃபினியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гафний – tatari" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гафний" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="హాఫ్నియం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హాఫ్నియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="แฮฟเนียม – tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แฮฟเนียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafni" title="Hafni – vietnami" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hafni" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ҳафний – tadžiki" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳафний" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafniyum" title="Hafniyum – türgi" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hafniyum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="türgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Гафній – ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гафній" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%81%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A6%D9%85" title="ہفنیئم – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہفنیئم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%86%D9%89%D9%8A" title="گافنىي – uiguuri" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="گافنىي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gafnii" title="Gafnii – vepsa" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Gafnii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepsa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%BF" title="鉿 – klassikaline hiina" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="鉿" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="klassikaline hiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnyo" title="Hafnyo – varai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hafnyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%AA" title="铪 – uu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="铪" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="uu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Hafnium" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%BF" title="鉿 – kantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鉿" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%AA" title="铪 – hiina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="铪" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="hiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1119#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muuda keelelinke" class="wbc-editpage">Muuda linke</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nimeruumid"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ilme</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">peida</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Allikas: Vikipeedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="et" dir="ltr"><div style="float:right;clear:right;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;width:130px;background-color:#ffffff;"> <table style="background-color:Lavender;border:1px solid #999999;padding:0px;font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;height:120px;width:120px;float:right;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="100" style="font-size:0.9em;line-height:1;font-weight:bold;vertical-align:top;">72</td> <td width="20" rowspan="3" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom;"> <div style="font-family:monospace;font-size:0.9em;line-height:1;text-align:right;"> <br />2<br />10<br />32<br />18<br />8<br />2</div> </td> </tr><tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle"><span style="margin-left:10px;font-size:2.8em;line-height:1.2;font-family:'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif">Hf</span><br /> <span style="margin-left:10px;font-size:0.8em;line-height:1.1;">178,49</span></td> </tr> <tr style="text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;"> <td><span style="font-size:0.9em;line-height:1;font-weight:bold;">Hafnium</span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> <p><b>Hafnium</b> on <a href="/wiki/Keemiline_element" title="Keemiline element">keemiline element</a> <a href="/wiki/Mendelejevi_perioodilisustabel" class="mw-redirect" title="Mendelejevi perioodilisustabel">Mendelejevi tabelis</a> <a href="/wiki/Aatomnumber" title="Aatomnumber">aatomnumbriga</a> 72 sümboliga <b>Hf</b>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Hf-crystal_bar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hf-crystal_bar.jpg/220px-Hf-crystal_bar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hf-crystal_bar.jpg/330px-Hf-crystal_bar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hf-crystal_bar.jpg/440px-Hf-crystal_bar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5428" data-file-height="1544" /></a><figcaption>Hafnium</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ajalugu">Ajalugu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Ajalugu"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&action=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Ajalugu" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hafniumi avastasid <a href="/wiki/Ungari" title="Ungari">ungari</a> <a href="/wiki/Keemik" title="Keemik">keemik</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_von_Hevesy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg von Hevesy (pole veel kirjutatud)">Georg von Hevesy</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Holland" title="Holland">hollandi</a> <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BC%C3%BCsik" title="Füüsik">füüsik</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dick_Coster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dick Coster (pole veel kirjutatud)">Dick Coster</a> <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a>. aastal <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B6ntgenspektroskoopiline_anal%C3%BC%C3%BCs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Röntgenspektroskoopiline analüüs (pole veel kirjutatud)">röntgenspektroskoopilise analüüsiga</a> <a href="/wiki/Norra" title="Norra">norra</a> <a href="/wiki/Tsirkoon" title="Tsirkoon">tsirkoonist</a>. Teadlased töötasid sel ajal <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">Niels Bohri</a> laboris Teoreetilise Füüsika Instituudis <a href="/wiki/Kopenhaagen" title="Kopenhaagen">Kopenhaagenis</a>. Element on nimetatud linna ladinakeelse nime järgi (lad. k. Hafnia = <a href="/wiki/Kopenhaagen" title="Kopenhaagen">Kopenhaagen</a>). Sellele avastusele eelnes mitmeid eksiavastusi, hiljem vaidlusi prioriteedi osas (mistõttu prantslased nimetasid elementi celtiumi’iks kuni <a href="/wiki/1949" title="1949">1949</a>. aastani). Hafnium oli eelviimane <a href="/wiki/Maakoor" title="Maakoor">maakoorest</a> avastatud element. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Omadused">Omadused</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Omadused"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&action=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Omadused" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ta on läikiv hõbehall neljavalentne <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siirdemetall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siirdemetall (pole veel kirjutatud)">siirdemetall</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Füüsikalised_omadused"><span id="F.C3.BC.C3.BCsikalised_omadused"></span>Füüsikalised omadused</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Füüsikalised omadused"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&action=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Füüsikalised omadused" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hafniumi tihedus <a href="/wiki/Normaaltingimused" title="Normaaltingimused">normaaltingimustel</a> on 13,3 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. Tema <a href="/wiki/Sulamistemperatuur" title="Sulamistemperatuur">sulamistemperatuur</a> on 2229,85 °C (2503 °K) ja <a href="/wiki/Keemistemperatuur" title="Keemistemperatuur">keemistemperatuur</a> 5196,85 °C (5470 °K).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kompaktne hafnium (<a href="/wiki/Lihtaine" title="Lihtaine">lihtainena</a>) on hõbehall läikiv rasksulav <a href="/wiki/Metall" class="mw-redirect" title="Metall">metall</a>, pulbrina tumehall, peaaegu must, mati pinnaga. <a href="/wiki/Metall" class="mw-redirect" title="Metall">Metalli</a> mehaanilised omadused sõltuvad oluliselt puhtusest ja töötlemisviisidest (lahustunud <a href="/wiki/Gaas" title="Gaas">gaasid</a> ja <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCsinik" title="Süsinik">süsiniku</a> <a href="/wiki/Lisand_(keemia)" title="Lisand (keemia)">lisand</a> suurendavad <a href="/wiki/Haprus" title="Haprus">haprust</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutronitega</a> kiiritamine suurendab <a href="/wiki/Tugevus" title="Tugevus">tugevust</a>). Puhas hafnium on väga plastiline ja hea <a href="/wiki/Elektrijuht" title="Elektrijuht">elektrijuht</a>. Hafnium on ülihea <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutronite</a> neeldur, asudes <a href="/wiki/Gadoliinium" title="Gadoliinium">gadoliiniumi</a> järel teisel kohal ja ületades näiteks <a href="/wiki/Tsirkoonium" title="Tsirkoonium">tsirkooniumi</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutronneelduvus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neutronneelduvus (pole veel kirjutatud)">neutronneelduvust</a> üle 600 korra. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Keemilised_omadused">Keemilised omadused</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Keemilised omadused"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&action=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Keemilised omadused" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Keemilised_omadused" title="Keemilised omadused">Keemilistelt omadustelt</a> sarnaneb väga tsirkooniumiga, mistõttu nende kahe elemendi eraldamine teineteisest oli kaua aega tõsiseks probleemiks. Õhus on kompaktne <a href="/wiki/Metall" class="mw-redirect" title="Metall">metall</a> püsiv, alles 500–600 °C juures <a href="/wiki/Oks%C3%BCdeerumine" class="mw-redirect" title="Oksüdeerumine">oksüdeerub</a> pinnalt, moodustades mittestöhhiomeetrilise <a href="/wiki/Oksiid" class="mw-redirect" title="Oksiid">oksiidi</a>, enam kui 700 °C juures aga HfO<sub>2</sub>-e. Pulbriline ja käsnjas hafnium on seevastu pürofoorne, <a href="/wiki/%C3%95hk" title="Õhk">õhus</a> süttib <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B5%C3%B5re" title="Hõõre">hõõrdest</a> ja löögist, põleb kiiresti ja kõrgel <a href="/wiki/Temperatuur" title="Temperatuur">temperatuuril</a>, peenpulbrina (osakesed alla 10 <a href="/wiki/Mikromeeter" title="Mikromeeter">µm</a>) on plahvatusohtlik ka niiskena. <a href="/wiki/Veeaur" title="Veeaur">Veeauruga</a> reageerib umbes 300 °C juures (vedela <a href="/wiki/Vesi" title="Vesi">vee</a> suhtes on püsivam). <a href="/wiki/Leelis" title="Leelis">Leeliste</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Ammoniaak" title="Ammoniaak">NH<sub>3</sub></a> suhtes on hafnium püsiv, kuni 100 °C ei reageeri <a href="/wiki/Soolhape" class="mw-redirect" title="Soolhape">HCl</a>, <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4%C3%A4velhape" title="Väävelhape">H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub></a> ega <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4mmastikhape" title="Lämmastikhape">HNO<sub>3</sub></a>-ga. Reageerib aga <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vesinikflouroiidhape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vesinikflouroiidhape (pole veel kirjutatud)">HF</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Kuningvesi" title="Kuningvesi">kuningveega</a>, keeva <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4%C3%A4velhape" title="Väävelhape">H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub></a> ja sulatatud KHF<sub>2</sub>-ga: </p> <ul><li>Hf + 4HF → HfF<sub>4</sub> +2H<sub>2</sub></li> <li>3Hf + 12HCl + 4HNO<sub>3</sub> → 3HfCl<sub>4</sub> + 4NO + 8H<sub>2</sub>O</li> <li>Hf + 4KHF<sub>2</sub>→ K<sub>2</sub>[HfF<sub>6</sub>] + 2KF + 2H<sub>2</sub></li></ul> <p>Hafnium reageerib <a href="/wiki/Lihtaine" title="Lihtaine">lihtainetega</a> kõrgel <a href="/wiki/Temperatuur" title="Temperatuur">temperatuuril</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vesinik" title="Vesinik">H<sub>2</sub>-ga</a> (350–400 °C) → <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafniumdih%C3%BCdriid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hafniumdihüdriid (pole veel kirjutatud)">hafniumdihüdriid</a> HfH<sub>2</sub> (üle 400 °C laguneb)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4mmastik" title="Lämmastik">N<sub>2</sub></a>-ga (700–800 °C) → <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafniumnitriid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hafniumnitriid (pole veel kirjutatud)">hafniumnitriid</a> HfN</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halogeen" class="mw-redirect" title="Halogeen">halogeenidega</a> (200–400 °C) → tetrahalogeniidid HfHal<sub>4</sub></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCsinik" title="Süsinik">C</a>-ga (1800–2000 °C) → hafniumkarbiid HfC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4ni" title="Räni">Si</a>-ga (üle 1000 °C) → <a href="/w/index.php?title=Silitsiid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silitsiid (pole veel kirjutatud)">silitsiidi</a> Hf<sub>2</sub>Si, Hf<sub>5</sub>Si jt</li></ul> <p>Hafnium moodustab kergesti <a href="/wiki/Kompleks%C3%BChend" title="Kompleksühend">kompleksühendeid</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Koordinatsiooniarv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koordinatsiooniarv (pole veel kirjutatud)">koordinatsiooniarvuga</a> 6–8), iseloomulikud on mitmesugused <a href="/w/index.php?title=Segasoolad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Segasoolad (pole veel kirjutatud)">segasoolad</a> (nt fluorosilikaadid ja –sulfaadid, sulfaatkarbonaadid). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lihtsoolad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lihtsoolad (pole veel kirjutatud)">Lihtsoolad</a> <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCdrol%C3%BC%C3%BCs" title="Hüdrolüüs">hüdrolüüsuvad</a> kergesti, moodustades akva-, hüdroksu- ja atsidokomplekse. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Levik">Levik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Levik"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&action=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Levik" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hafnium on <a href="/wiki/Loodus" title="Loodus">looduses</a> vähelevinud element, levikult <a href="/wiki/Maakoor" title="Maakoor">maakoores</a> umbes 45. kohal. <a href="/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal">Mineraalides</a> esineb hafnium alati koos <a href="/wiki/Tsirkoonium" title="Tsirkoonium">tsirkooniumiga</a>, kuid hafniumit sisaldub neis palju vähem (1–2%), erandiks on vaid <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thortveitiit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thortveitiit (pole veel kirjutatud)">thortveitiit</a> (üle 10%). Hafniumimineraale ei ole, element esineb isomorfse lisandina (tavaliselt 1–2%) <a href="/wiki/Tsirkoonium" title="Tsirkoonium">tsirkooniummineraalides</a>. Vaid mõnedes haruldastes <a href="/wiki/Tsirkoon" title="Tsirkoon">tsirkooni</a> ZrSiO4 erimites (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Alviit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alviit (pole veel kirjutatud)">alviit</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naegiit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naegiit (pole veel kirjutatud)">naegiit</a> jmt) sisaldub hafnium suuremal määral (üle 10%). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Isotoobid">Isotoobid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Isotoobid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&action=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Isotoobid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tal on kuus <a href="/wiki/Stabiilne_isotoop" title="Stabiilne isotoop">stabiilset isotoopi</a> massiarvudega 174, 176, 177,178, 179 ja 180. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tootmine">Tootmine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Muuda alaosa "Tootmine"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&action=edit&section=7" title="Muuda alaosa "Tootmine" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hafnium eraldatakse <a href="/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal">mineraalidest</a> <a href="/wiki/Tsirkoonium" title="Tsirkoonium">tsirkooniumi</a> tootmise kõrvalsaadusena, peamiselt <a href="/wiki/Tsirkoon" title="Tsirkoon">tsirkoonist</a>, kus 0,5–2% <a href="/wiki/Tsirkoonium" title="Tsirkoonium">tsirkooniumi</a> <a href="/wiki/Aatom" title="Aatom">aatomitest</a> on asendatud hafniumiga. Eraldamine on keerukas ja energiamahukas. Nüüdisajal kasutatakse hafniumi ja <a href="/wiki/Tsirkoonium" title="Tsirkoonium">tsirkooniumi</a> eraldamiseks teatud <a href="/wiki/Soolad" title="Soolad">soolade</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nitraat" class="mw-redirect" title="Nitraat">nitraatide</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiots%C3%BCanaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiotsüanaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">tiotsüanaatide</a>) vedelikekstraktsiooni orgaaniliste <a href="/wiki/Lahusti" title="Lahusti">lahustitega</a>, mõnikord ka kompleks-fluoriidide K<sub>2</sub>[Zr(Hf)F<sub>6</sub>] fraktsioonkristallimist. Hafnium <a href="/wiki/Lihtaine" title="Lihtaine">lihtainena</a> saadakse (käsnja massina) HfCl<sub>4</sub> <a href="/wiki/Redutseerimine" class="mw-redirect" title="Redutseerimine">redutseerimisel</a> <a href="/wiki/Magneesium" title="Magneesium">magneesiumiga</a> <a href="/wiki/Temperatuur" title="Temperatuur">temperatuuril</a> 500–800 °C juures. Kõrgpuhas (plastne) hafnium saadakse transport<a href="/wiki/Keemiline_reaktsioon" title="Keemiline reaktsioon">reaktsiooni</a> Hf + 2I<sub>2</sub> → HfI<sub>4</sub> analoogselt <a href="/wiki/Tsirkoonium" title="Tsirkoonium">tsirkooniumiga</a>. HfI<sub>4</sub> moodustumine toimub umbes 600 °C juures, lagunemine hõõguval <a href="/wiki/Volfram" title="Volfram">volframtraadil</a> 1300–1750 °C juures. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tähtsamad_ühendid"><span id="T.C3.A4htsamad_.C3.BChendid"></span>Tähtsamad ühendid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Muuda alaosa "Tähtsamad ühendid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&action=edit&section=8" title="Muuda alaosa "Tähtsamad ühendid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>HfO<sub>2</sub> (hafniumdioksiid) on praktikas valge rasklahustuv kristallaine, mis tekib <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCdroksiid" class="mw-redirect" title="Hüdroksiid">hüdroksiidi</a> või <a href="/wiki/Nitraat" class="mw-redirect" title="Nitraat">nitraadi</a> <a href="/wiki/Termiline_lagundamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Termiline lagundamine">termilisel lagundamisel</a>. Kasutatakse <a href="/wiki/Tuumaenergeetika" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuumaenergeetika">tuumaenergeetikas</a> (juhtvardad, kaitseekraanid), kuumakindlate <a href="/wiki/Materjal" title="Materjal">materjalide</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eriklaas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eriklaas (pole veel kirjutatud)">eriklaaside</a> koostises, <a href="/wiki/Lisand_(keemia)" title="Lisand (keemia)">lisandina</a> ka <a href="/wiki/Volfram" title="Volfram">volframile</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrilamp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektrilamp (pole veel kirjutatud)">elektrilampide</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%B5%C3%B5gniit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hõõgniit (pole veel kirjutatud)">hõõgniitide</a> koostises.</li> <li>Tetrahalogeniide, peamiselt HfF<sub>4</sub> ja HfCl<sub>4</sub> kasutatakse teiste hafniumühendite saamisel.</li> <li>HfN (hafniumnitriid, <a href="/wiki/Sulamistemperatuur" title="Sulamistemperatuur">sulamistemperatuur</a> umbes 3300 °C) kasutatakse perspektiivse kaitsekatena <a href="/wiki/Metall" class="mw-redirect" title="Metall">metallidel</a>.</li> <li>HfC (hafniumkarbiid, <a href="/wiki/Sulamistemperatuur" title="Sulamistemperatuur">sulamistemperatuur</a> umbes 3890 °C) kasutatakse kuumakindla kattena, lisandina <a href="/wiki/Mol%C3%BCbdeen" title="Molübdeen">molübdeeni</a>, volframi ja <a href="/wiki/Reenium" title="Reenium">reeniumi</a> <a href="/wiki/Sulam" title="Sulam">sulamites</a> suurendab 6–7 korda nende <a href="/wiki/Tugevus" title="Tugevus">tugevust</a>. Kasutatakse ka <a href="/wiki/Tuumareaktor" title="Tuumareaktor">tuumareaktorite</a> juhtvarrastes.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toodang_ja_kasutamine">Toodang ja kasutamine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Muuda alaosa "Toodang ja kasutamine"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&action=edit&section=9" title="Muuda alaosa "Toodang ja kasutamine" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hafnium on haruldane ja kallis ning seda toodetakse vähe. Umbes 90% toodetavast hafniumist kasutatakse <a href="/wiki/Tuumaenergeetika" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuumaenergeetika">tuumaenergeetikas</a> (juhtvardad, kaitseekraanid). Teised kasutusalad on nt katoodtorudes ja gaaslahenduslampide <a href="/wiki/Elektrood" title="Elektrood">elektroodidena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sulam" title="Sulam">sulamite</a> koostises (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raketitehnika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raketitehnika (pole veel kirjutatud)">raketitehnikas</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Reaktiivlennuk" title="Reaktiivlennuk">reaktiivlennukites</a>). </p> <div style="text-align:center; clear:both;"> <div style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: 1px solid #cccccc; background-color:#ffffff; padding: 3px; text-align: center; font-size:0.9em;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <th colspan="8" style="border: 0px solid #cccccc; border-bottom-width:0px;"><a href="/wiki/Keemiliste_elementide_perioodilisuss%C3%BCsteem" title="Keemiliste elementide perioodilisussüsteem">Keemiliste elementide perioodilisussüsteem</a></th> </tr> <tr align="center" style="background-color:#f5f5f5;"> <th style="border:1px solid #cccccc; border-right-width:0px; border-bottom:0px; background-color:Lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Metallid" title="Metallid">Metallid</a></th> <th style="border:1px solid #cccccc; border-right-width:0px;"><a href="/wiki/Poolmetallid" title="Poolmetallid">Poolmetallid</a></th> <th style="border:1px solid #cccccc; border-right-width:0px;"><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4%C3%A4risgaasid" title="Väärisgaasid">Väärisgaasid</a></th> <th style="border:1px solid #cccccc; border-right-width:0px;"><a href="/wiki/Mittemetallid" title="Mittemetallid">Mittemetallid</a></th> <th style="border:1px solid #cccccc; border-right-width:0px;"><a href="/wiki/Leelismetallid" title="Leelismetallid">Leelismetallid</a></th> <th style="border:1px solid #cccccc; border-right-width:0px;"><a href="/wiki/Leelismuldmetallid" title="Leelismuldmetallid">Leelismuldmetallid</a></th> <th style="border:1px solid #cccccc; border-right-width:0px;"><a href="/wiki/Lantanoidid" title="Lantanoidid">Lantanoidid</a></th> <th style="border:1px solid #cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Aktinoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Aktinoid">Aktinoidid</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="8" style="border:1px solid #cccccc; border-top:0px; background-color:Lavender; font-weight:bold; padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Ber%C3%BCllium" title="Berüllium">Berüllium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Magneesium" title="Magneesium">Magneesium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Alumiinium" title="Alumiinium">Alumiinium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Skandium" title="Skandium">Skandium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Titaan" title="Titaan">Titaan</a> - <a href="/wiki/Vanaadium" title="Vanaadium">Vanaadium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Kroom" title="Kroom">Kroom</a> - <a href="/wiki/Mangaan" title="Mangaan">Mangaan</a> - <a href="/wiki/Raud" title="Raud">Raud</a> - <a href="/wiki/Koobalt" title="Koobalt">Koobalt</a> - <a href="/wiki/Nikkel" title="Nikkel">Nikkel</a> - <a href="/wiki/Vask" title="Vask">Vask</a> - <a href="/wiki/Tsink" title="Tsink">Tsink</a> - <a href="/wiki/Gallium" title="Gallium">Gallium</a> - <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ctrium" title="Ütrium">Ütrium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Tsirkoonium" title="Tsirkoonium">Tsirkoonium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Nioobium" title="Nioobium">Nioobium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Mol%C3%BCbdeen" title="Molübdeen">Molübdeen</a> - <a href="/wiki/Tehneetsium" title="Tehneetsium">Tehneetsium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Ruteenium" title="Ruteenium">Ruteenium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Roodium" title="Roodium">Roodium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Pallaadium" title="Pallaadium">Pallaadium</a> - <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B5be" title="Hõbe">Hõbe</a> - <a href="/wiki/Kaadmium" title="Kaadmium">Kaadmium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">Indium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Tina" title="Tina">Tina</a> - <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hafnium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Tantaal" title="Tantaal">Tantaal</a> - <a href="/wiki/Volfram" title="Volfram">Volfram</a> - <a href="/wiki/Reenium" title="Reenium">Reenium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Osmium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Iriidium" title="Iriidium">Iriidium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Plaatina" title="Plaatina">Plaatina</a> - <a href="/wiki/Kuld" title="Kuld">Kuld</a> - <a href="/wiki/Elavh%C3%B5be" title="Elavhõbe">Elavhõbe</a> - <a href="/wiki/Tallium" title="Tallium">Tallium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Plii" title="Plii">Plii</a> - <a href="/wiki/Vismut" title="Vismut">Vismut</a> - <a href="/wiki/Poloonium" title="Poloonium">Poloonium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" title="Rutherfordium">Rutherfordium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Dubnium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Seaborgium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bohrium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Hassium" title="Hassium">Hassium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Meitneerium" title="Meitneerium">Meitneerium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Darmstadtium</a> - <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6ntgeenium" title="Röntgeenium">Röntgeenium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Koperniikium" title="Koperniikium">Koperniikium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Nihoonium" title="Nihoonium">Nihoonium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Fleroovium" title="Fleroovium">Fleroovium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Moskoovium" title="Moskoovium">Moskoovium</a> </p> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6066747">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFSocMedArch" class="citation web cs1">SocMedArch. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ka.socmedarch.org/hafnium-facts-606540-12942">"füüs. omadused"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=f%C3%BC%C3%BCs.+omadused&rft.au=SocMedArch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fka.socmedarch.org%2Fhafnium-facts-606540-12942&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AHafnium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Pärit leheküljelt "<a dir="ltr" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&oldid=6304734">https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hafnium&oldid=6304734</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Kategooriad" title="Eri:Kategooriad">Kategooriad</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:Keemilised_elemendid" title="Kategooria:Keemilised elemendid">Keemilised elemendid</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:Lihtained" title="Kategooria:Lihtained">Lihtained</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:Metallid" title="Kategooria:Metallid">Metallid</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Selle lehekülje viimane muutmine: 23:05, 22. jaanuar 2023.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst on kasutatav vastavalt Creative Commonsi litsentsile "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.et">Autorile viitamine + jagamine samadel tingimustel</a>"; sellele võivad lisanduda täiendavad tingimused. 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