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ds2-5-body-link" href="https://iscte-iul.academia.edu/F%C3%A1timaS%C3%A1">Fátima Sá</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL)</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://uconn.academia.edu/DanielHershenzon"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Daniel Hershenzon" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/649585/2841755/3317824/s200_daniel.hershenzon.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://uconn.academia.edu/DanielHershenzon">Daniel Hershenzon</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">University 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data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/118749650/_An_Abolitionist_Vicious_Circle_Slaving_Antislavery_and_Violence_on_the_Shores_of_Lake_Tanganyika_at_the_Onset_of_Colonial_Occupation_Slavery_and_Abolition_Accessible_online_in_FirstView_https_doi_org_10_1080_0144039X_2024_2349369"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of "An Abolitionist Vicious Circle: Slaving, Antislavery, and Violence on the Shores of Lake Tanganyika at the Onset of Colonial Occupation," Slavery & Abolition, Accessible online in FirstView: https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039X.2024.2349369" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/118749650/_An_Abolitionist_Vicious_Circle_Slaving_Antislavery_and_Violence_on_the_Shores_of_Lake_Tanganyika_at_the_Onset_of_Colonial_Occupation_Slavery_and_Abolition_Accessible_online_in_FirstView_https_doi_org_10_1080_0144039X_2024_2349369">"An Abolitionist Vicious Circle: Slaving, Antislavery, and Violence on the Shores of Lake Tanganyika at the Onset of Colonial Occupation," Slavery & Abolition, Accessible online in FirstView: https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039X.2024.2349369</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Slavery & Abolition</span><span>, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In the late nineteenth century, abolitionists felt entitled to use all possible means to save the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In the late nineteenth century, abolitionists felt entitled to use all possible means to save the African victims of the slave trade. As European imperialism rose, abolitionism legitimized interventionism. This article explores how a major humanitarian movement could sanction colonial occupation and the violence that accompanied it. It also examines the position of African slaveholders who resisted the entrenchment of European rule and defended an order in which slavery was common. It focuses on two main actors: French Captain Leopold Joubert, Catholic royalist and former pontifical Zouave who supported Cardinal Lavigerie's Missionaries of Africa and Belgian King Leopold II's allegedly abolitionist endeavours; and Tippu Tip, a trader and slaver who, like Joubert, worked for self-styled abolitionists such as Leopold II and the Sultan of Zanzibar. The connected microhistories of these men show how the international problematization of African slavery fuelled both European imperialism and anti-colonial resistance, while also creating circumstances in which enslaved persons emancipated themselves. The article investigates the moral perceptions of individuals whose sense of self was predicated upon values embodied by Europe's monarchies, the papacy of Rome, and the sultanate of Zanzibar. Faced with what they perceived as existential threats to these institutions, they responded with rising radicalism.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118749650"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118749650"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118749650; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118749650]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118749650]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118749650; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118749650']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118749650]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118749650,"title":"\"An Abolitionist Vicious Circle: Slaving, Antislavery, and Violence on the Shores of Lake Tanganyika at the Onset of Colonial Occupation,\" Slavery \u0026 Abolition, Accessible online in FirstView: https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039X.2024.2349369","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1080/0144039X.2024.2349369","abstract":"In the late nineteenth century, abolitionists felt entitled to use all possible means to save the African victims of the slave trade. 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As European imperialism rose, abolitionism legitimized interventionism. This article explores how a major humanitarian movement could sanction colonial occupation and the violence that accompanied it. It also examines the position of African slaveholders who resisted the entrenchment of European rule and defended an order in which slavery was common. It focuses on two main actors: French Captain Leopold Joubert, Catholic royalist and former pontifical Zouave who supported Cardinal Lavigerie's Missionaries of Africa and Belgian King Leopold II's allegedly abolitionist endeavours; and Tippu Tip, a trader and slaver who, like Joubert, worked for self-styled abolitionists such as Leopold II and the Sultan of Zanzibar. The connected microhistories of these men show how the international problematization of African slavery fuelled both European imperialism and anti-colonial resistance, while also creating circumstances in which enslaved persons emancipated themselves. The article investigates the moral perceptions of individuals whose sense of self was predicated upon values embodied by Europe's monarchies, the papacy of Rome, and the sultanate of Zanzibar. Faced with what they perceived as existential threats to these institutions, they responded with rising radicalism.","owner":{"id":1050315,"first_name":"Benedetta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rossi","page_name":"BenedettaRossi","domain_name":"ucl","created_at":"2011-12-15T19:22:07.273-08:00","display_name":"Benedetta Rossi","url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/BenedettaRossi"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":1697,"name":"Violence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence"},{"id":2283,"name":"Catholic Missionary History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Missionary_History"},{"id":3896,"name":"African History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_History"},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery"},{"id":86393,"name":"Abolitionism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolitionism"},{"id":1019273,"name":"Colonialism and Imperialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism_and_Imperialism"},{"id":1560434,"name":"Tanganyika","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tanganyika"}],"urls":[{"id":41763422,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039X.2024.2349369"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="79659108"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/79659108/Reflections_on_Public_Slavery_and_Social_Death"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Reflections on Public Slavery and Social Death" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/79659108/Reflections_on_Public_Slavery_and_Social_Death">Reflections on Public Slavery and Social Death</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">It is tempting to see public slaves as sharing characteristics of both slave and free and, theref...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">It is tempting to see public slaves as sharing characteristics of both slave and free and, therefore, as embodying an intermediate position that proves binary approaches to slavery and freedom wrong. This article argues that this temptation should be resisted. Based on an analysis of cases from different regions and periods, it agrees broadly with Patterson's clear distinction between slave and free statuses, but not with his interpretation of elite slaves as 'the ultimate slaves'. Public slaves were unusual slaves. A close analysis of their circumstances, and of the circumstances of other categories of slaves endowed with particular influence or autonomy in their societies, reveals that the social death metaphor suits certain contexts better than other. It does not accurately capture the historical diversity of the statuses and conditions of enslaved persons through time, and hence is unhelpful for the purpose of comparative generalisation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="79659108"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="79659108"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79659108; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79659108]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79659108]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79659108; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='79659108']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=79659108]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":79659108,"title":"Reflections on Public Slavery and Social Death","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1093/bics/qbab024","abstract":"It is tempting to see public slaves as sharing characteristics of both slave and free and, therefore, as embodying an intermediate position that proves binary approaches to slavery and freedom wrong. This article argues that this temptation should be resisted. Based on an analysis of cases from different regions and periods, it agrees broadly with Patterson's clear distinction between slave and free statuses, but not with his interpretation of elite slaves as 'the ultimate slaves'. Public slaves were unusual slaves. A close analysis of their circumstances, and of the circumstances of other categories of slaves endowed with particular influence or autonomy in their societies, reveals that the social death metaphor suits certain contexts better than other. It does not accurately capture the historical diversity of the statuses and conditions of enslaved persons through time, and hence is unhelpful for the purpose of comparative generalisation.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies"},"translated_abstract":"It is tempting to see public slaves as sharing characteristics of both slave and free and, therefore, as embodying an intermediate position that proves binary approaches to slavery and freedom wrong. This article argues that this temptation should be resisted. Based on an analysis of cases from different regions and periods, it agrees broadly with Patterson's clear distinction between slave and free statuses, but not with his interpretation of elite slaves as 'the ultimate slaves'. Public slaves were unusual slaves. A close analysis of their circumstances, and of the circumstances of other categories of slaves endowed with particular influence or autonomy in their societies, reveals that the social death metaphor suits certain contexts better than other. It does not accurately capture the historical diversity of the statuses and conditions of enslaved persons through time, and hence is unhelpful for the purpose of comparative generalisation.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/79659108/Reflections_on_Public_Slavery_and_Social_Death","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-05-22T08:44:41.189-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1050315,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Reflections_on_Public_Slavery_and_Social_Death","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"It is tempting to see public slaves as sharing characteristics of both slave and free and, therefore, as embodying an intermediate position that proves binary approaches to slavery and freedom wrong. This article argues that this temptation should be resisted. Based on an analysis of cases from different regions and periods, it agrees broadly with Patterson's clear distinction between slave and free statuses, but not with his interpretation of elite slaves as 'the ultimate slaves'. Public slaves were unusual slaves. A close analysis of their circumstances, and of the circumstances of other categories of slaves endowed with particular influence or autonomy in their societies, reveals that the social death metaphor suits certain contexts better than other. It does not accurately capture the historical diversity of the statuses and conditions of enslaved persons through time, and hence is unhelpful for the purpose of comparative generalisation.","owner":{"id":1050315,"first_name":"Benedetta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rossi","page_name":"BenedettaRossi","domain_name":"ucl","created_at":"2011-12-15T19:22:07.273-08:00","display_name":"Benedetta Rossi","url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/BenedettaRossi"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery"}],"urls":[{"id":20671860,"url":"https://academic.oup.com/bics/article/64/2/92/6510968"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26977684"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26977684/Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Africa_Toward_an_Integrated_Analysis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dependence, Unfreedom, and Slavery in Africa: Toward an Integrated Analysis." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47240036/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26977684/Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Africa_Toward_an_Integrated_Analysis">Dependence, Unfreedom, and Slavery in Africa: Toward an Integrated Analysis.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Article published in Published in 'Africa', Vol 86, Issue 03 (2016), pp. 571-590,.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom and slavery in African societies. But they reach different conclusions; bring different methodological frameworks to bear on the circumstances they examine; and – when they are concerned with policy questions – propose different remedies. A comparison of these books is useful not only for understanding African dependence and unfreedom, but also for rethinking critically the approaches of some of the main contemporary strands of research on these phenomena.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="715b47296e04a858b25b22632f4dd30a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47240036,"asset_id":26977684,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47240036/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26977684"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26977684"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26977684; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26977684]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26977684]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26977684; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26977684']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "715b47296e04a858b25b22632f4dd30a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26977684]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26977684,"title":"Dependence, Unfreedom, and Slavery in Africa: Toward an Integrated Analysis.","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1017/S0001972016000504","abstract":"The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom and slavery in African societies. But they reach different conclusions; bring different methodological frameworks to bear on the circumstances they examine; and – when they are concerned with policy questions – propose different remedies. A comparison of these books is useful not only for understanding African dependence and unfreedom, but also for rethinking critically the approaches of some of the main contemporary strands of research on these phenomena.","publication_name":"Article published in Published in 'Africa', Vol 86, Issue 03 (2016), pp. 571-590,."},"translated_abstract":"The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom and slavery in African societies. But they reach different conclusions; bring different methodological frameworks to bear on the circumstances they examine; and – when they are concerned with policy questions – propose different remedies. A comparison of these books is useful not only for understanding African dependence and unfreedom, but also for rethinking critically the approaches of some of the main contemporary strands of research on these phenomena.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/26977684/Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Africa_Toward_an_Integrated_Analysis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-14T03:21:15.997-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1050315,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47240036,"title":"","file_type":"docx","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47240036/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Rossi-review_article_for_africa-15_April_2016.docx","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47240036/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Afri.docx","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47240036/Rossi-review_article_for_africa-15_April_2016.docx?1738330928=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Afri.docx\u0026Expires=1741912040\u0026Signature=cCUbdFgGDYxrmyz05MKw2-uvRmWltkDzx~Z1DWKDo0ddISiRxTxmfBHiVfjmxCDSy4BqTQRcSgHp6JrC8BWkA5vpswfZaamGesuipr4ySC-hiEkZHBHGTa9V~CRSuKNd5P5YoiGBsnVU3fv3ijqGIhgncHH4O9-RryGHS8FD4sGDF6gtqK73-WB4cDrCwuef3cxv7NZr771cJYOGaB4YX8n5foKyliTCAvHzo6JV52LxeUPv5c3Bxyf7rvcCu0zvXU5hoooD8astogVIxqRmO~b9eRKMRl12WJHo7czfOY5o-SkG~aWLFwsB8wkJCpfYztPk5iENITXsl70igTlKzw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Africa_Toward_an_Integrated_Analysis","translated_slug":"","page_count":23,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom and slavery in African societies. 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(ed.) Reconfiguring Slavery: West African Trajectories. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2016 (first HB edition: 2009)." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43238234/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22645658/Preface_to_the_Second_Paperback_Edition_of_Rossi_B_ed_Reconfiguring_Slavery_West_African_Trajectories_Liverpool_Liverpool_University_Press_2016_first_HB_edition_2009_">Preface to the Second Paperback Edition of: Rossi, B. (ed.) Reconfiguring Slavery: West African Trajectories. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2016 (first HB edition: 2009).</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Reconfiguring Slavery focuses on the range of trajectories followed by descendants of both owners...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Reconfiguring Slavery focuses on the range of trajectories followed by descendants of both owners and slaves in twentieth century West Africa. It contains both anthropological and historical contributions that analyse new empirical evidence on the strategies of enslaved persons and their descendants in Mauritania, Benin, Niger, Cameroon, Ghana, Senegal, and the Gambia.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="26accc102d6d5e7d814c9680b31d78db" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":43238234,"asset_id":22645658,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43238234/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22645658"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22645658"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22645658; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22645658]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22645658]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22645658; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22645658']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "26accc102d6d5e7d814c9680b31d78db" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22645658]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22645658,"title":"Preface to the Second Paperback Edition of: Rossi, B. 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This article suggests that looking at how these migrants chose to move when they could control their mobility, and at the obstacles they faced, reveals aspects of the experience of enslavement and emancipation that have not yet been fully explored in the relevant historiography. While historians of African slavery have described the large-scale movements of ex-slaves that followed legal status abolition in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, only few studies provide detailed analyses of these trajectories from the perspective of the enslaved. Outside the field of slavery studies, both West African labour history and migration studies have been emphasising ethnicity over status, thereby underestimating how slave descent shaped the practices and aspirations of a large proportion of labour migrants. The autobiographic testimonies of migrants of slave descent provide insights into their strategies and expose differences across gender, age and location. Through an analysis of these sources, this article highlights the missing links in our reconstructions of the history of West African workers. In the second half of the nineteenth century, legal emancipation in the narrow European colonial possessions on the coast of West Africa gave rise to substantial displacements of slaves moving to regions under European rule. In the twentieth century, following colonial occupation of West Africa and the gradual application of emancipation decrees, ex-slaves migrated within European territories. They left in order to regain their original home, when they knew where they came from, or to move to regions where they could find new opportunities. Slave agency manifested itself through massive flights. 2 Martin Klein thinks that slaves who fled to earlier homes in French West Africa between 1906 and 1911 could have been over a million. 3 Paul Lovejoy and Jan Hogendorn suggest that between 1897 and 1907, as many as 200,000 slaves escaped following the British conquest of the Sokoto Caliphate.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="32d4759a04fe711b2ec6dcea0fd4e6d2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121509860,"asset_id":127835860,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121509860/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127835860"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127835860"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127835860; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127835860]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127835860]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127835860; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127835860']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "32d4759a04fe711b2ec6dcea0fd4e6d2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127835860]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127835860,"title":"Migration and Emancipation in West Africa's Labour History: The Missing Links","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Frank Cass \u0026 Co.","grobid_abstract":"Strategies of emancipation included projects of migration conceived and unfolded by migrants of slave descent. 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This article suggests that looking at how these migrants chose to move when they could control their mobility, and at the obstacles they faced, reveals aspects of the experience of enslavement and emancipation that have not yet been fully explored in the relevant historiography. While historians of African slavery have described the large-scale movements of ex-slaves that followed legal status abolition in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, only few studies provide detailed analyses of these trajectories from the perspective of the enslaved. Outside the field of slavery studies, both West African labour history and migration studies have been emphasising ethnicity over status, thereby underestimating how slave descent shaped the practices and aspirations of a large proportion of labour migrants. The autobiographic testimonies of migrants of slave descent provide insights into their strategies and expose differences across gender, age and location. Through an analysis of these sources, this article highlights the missing links in our reconstructions of the history of West African workers. In the second half of the nineteenth century, legal emancipation in the narrow European colonial possessions on the coast of West Africa gave rise to substantial displacements of slaves moving to regions under European rule. In the twentieth century, following colonial occupation of West Africa and the gradual application of emancipation decrees, ex-slaves migrated within European territories. They left in order to regain their original home, when they knew where they came from, or to move to regions where they could find new opportunities. Slave agency manifested itself through massive flights. 2 Martin Klein thinks that slaves who fled to earlier homes in French West Africa between 1906 and 1911 could have been over a million. 3 Paul Lovejoy and Jan Hogendorn suggest that between 1897 and 1907, as many as 200,000 slaves escaped following the British conquest of the Sokoto Caliphate.","owner":{"id":1050315,"first_name":"Benedetta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rossi","page_name":"BenedettaRossi","domain_name":"ucl","created_at":"2011-12-15T19:22:07.273-08:00","display_name":"Benedetta Rossi","url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/BenedettaRossi"},"attachments":[{"id":121509860,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121509860/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"0144039X.2013.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121509860/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Migration_and_Emancipation_in_West_Afric.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121509860/0144039X.2013-libre.pdf?1740357616=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMigration_and_Emancipation_in_West_Afric.pdf\u0026Expires=1741912041\u0026Signature=ULJFwySpLheHwMQk4TpGUR3I5nTXxq8xZyd9wVLqlxQEeBof4r~UODv2FUAxGQb9BnPKeVqTqGDY~AmbH~yXVMa0kINLAEQZNAr-ByQsFvqUrjNA0VW78l~MOI4J6aA53LgGsYhrmep0hUx6tIUTA6473hTrbJXxKmY3trYSfRRoq7vnz62oCkdR~UT4WkWJlWOQj-s~CjMkBUfu3bXcU-rft54hUsDHLvy4QHw3cP09v1Y41YysmCi81frYD9mvi298Yhy4mVS7ogqujJyps1uXk~Ee3mm9gPHM~AjN16AP8G9MfhQJyEzQVpbRIIPY-FasDiCl3IDsVfYo7-Ox3A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":3524,"name":"Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography"},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery"},{"id":12972,"name":"Emancipation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emancipation"},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies"},{"id":413189,"name":"Ethnic Group","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Group"},{"id":953669,"name":"Routledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Routledge"}],"urls":[{"id":46956602,"url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/0144039X.2013.796108?needAccess=true"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="126056599"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/126056599/Slavery_in_Francophone_West_Africa"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Slavery in Francophone West Africa" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119992509/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/126056599/Slavery_in_Francophone_West_Africa">Slavery in Francophone West Africa</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Springer eBooks</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Slavery gives slaveholders totalizing power over every aspect of the life of enslaved persons. Fo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Slavery gives slaveholders totalizing power over every aspect of the life of enslaved persons. For this reason, slaves have often been the workers of choice in labor systems that employed disposable workers in order to maximize the slaveholders' profits. This accounts for the deadly combination of slavery and capitalism, which authors with different political and intellectual agendas generally agree upon. 2 But we should be weary of generalizations. In the West African Sahel slavery has been both widespread and resilient. And yet this is not because slave labor lent itself to the harshest form of exploitation by profit-maximizing capitalists. Instead, here slavery has been resilient precisely because slavery is more than control over the labor of the enslaved. In the Sahel coercing workers made little economic sense, as there were neither cash crops nor large profits to be made by either private or public employers. Even colonial administrators refrained from committing substantial resources and efforts to the extraction of local labor. This does not mean that they were not violent-they were, in fact, extremely brutal at moments. But punctual explosions of punitive violence cost less than capillary forms of continued policing and control. Colonial violence functioned as a deterrent to revolt in desert-edge territories where the close monitoring of labor was not seen as a reasonable use of resources.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1b620a2f2e5203720067ed654098ace0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119992509,"asset_id":126056599,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119992509/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="126056599"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="126056599"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126056599; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126056599]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126056599]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126056599; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='126056599']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1b620a2f2e5203720067ed654098ace0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=126056599]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":126056599,"title":"Slavery in Francophone West Africa","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Springer Nature","grobid_abstract":"Slavery gives slaveholders totalizing power over every aspect of the life of enslaved persons. 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This does not mean that they were not violent-they were, in fact, extremely brutal at moments. But punctual explosions of punitive violence cost less than capillary forms of continued policing and control. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="110468496"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/110468496/Slavery_and_Marriage_in_African_Societies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Slavery and Marriage in African Societies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/110468496/Slavery_and_Marriage_in_African_Societies">Slavery and Marriage in African Societies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Slavery & Abolition</span><span>, Apr 3, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="110468496"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="110468496"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 110468496; 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The Slavery-Marriage Nexus in Northern Uganda Since the Mid-Nineteenth Century" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/104051658/Captive_Wives_or_Conjugal_Slaves_The_Slavery_Marriage_Nexus_in_Northern_Uganda_Since_the_Mid_Nineteenth_Century">Captive Wives or Conjugal Slaves? The Slavery-Marriage Nexus in Northern Uganda Since the Mid-Nineteenth Century</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Slavery &amp; Abolition</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="104051658"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="104051658"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104051658; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=104051658]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=104051658]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104051658; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='104051658']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=104051658]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":104051658,"title":"Captive Wives or Conjugal Slaves? The Slavery-Marriage Nexus in Northern Uganda Since the Mid-Nineteenth Century","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","publication_name":"Slavery \u0026amp; Abolition"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/104051658/Captive_Wives_or_Conjugal_Slaves_The_Slavery_Marriage_Nexus_in_Northern_Uganda_Since_the_Mid_Nineteenth_Century","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-06-29T14:21:47.324-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1050315,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Captive_Wives_or_Conjugal_Slaves_The_Slavery_Marriage_Nexus_in_Northern_Uganda_Since_the_Mid_Nineteenth_Century","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":1050315,"first_name":"Benedetta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rossi","page_name":"BenedettaRossi","domain_name":"ucl","created_at":"2011-12-15T19:22:07.273-08:00","display_name":"Benedetta Rossi","url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/BenedettaRossi","email":"N3F6ZFppU0N1Nyt6Q0RsMkI0YUtPM3ZJQTZvYlRpTXQxWkdnK0dWaWVnWkoyaDkxVGZVK0pianl3UG1xQU1qSC0tbHQ5bWFNVzlXZDVWR3dZakFSNTdpZz09--ac46224c546247dcdc87031b2ee03e01236a3858"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies"},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery"},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies"},{"id":378274,"name":"Captivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Captivity"}],"urls":[{"id":32625582,"url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/0144039X.2022.2063237"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="99446761"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/99446761/Rossi_Global_Abolition_Movements"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Rossi Global Abolition Movements" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100534347/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/99446761/Rossi_Global_Abolition_Movements">Rossi Global Abolition Movements</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Oxford Research Encyclopedias</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Abolitionism succeeded thanks to the struggles of many movements, some genuinely global, others n...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Abolitionism succeeded thanks to the struggles of many movements, some genuinely global, others national or local but interconnected at a global level. This article takes a pluralist approach to global abolitionism. Since the late seventeenth century, the membership, objectives, and strategies of different abolitionist movements have been varied, but they shared the same objective: to impose their understanding of slavery as an aberration that ought to be de-legalized and eventually prohibited worldwide. This article periodizes global abolitionism in three main stages characterized, successively, by the primacy of egalitarianism, imperialism, and internationalism. By the mid-twentieth century pro-slavery ideologies were obsolete in Euro-America and had disappeared from official policy globally. They survived in circumscribed contexts where anti-slavery activists are struggling against the lingering vitality of pro-slavery ideas in the twenty-first century.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6ca3d067bc90ca8a03e784d86ec3d01f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100534347,"asset_id":99446761,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100534347/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99446761"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99446761"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99446761; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99446761]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99446761]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99446761; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='99446761']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6ca3d067bc90ca8a03e784d86ec3d01f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=99446761]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":99446761,"title":"Rossi Global Abolition Movements","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.ORE_AFH-00945.R1","abstract":"Abolitionism succeeded thanks to the struggles of many movements, some genuinely global, others national or local but interconnected at a global level. This article takes a pluralist approach to global abolitionism. Since the late seventeenth century, the membership, objectives, and strategies of different abolitionist movements have been varied, but they shared the same objective: to impose their understanding of slavery as an aberration that ought to be de-legalized and eventually prohibited worldwide. This article periodizes global abolitionism in three main stages characterized, successively, by the primacy of egalitarianism, imperialism, and internationalism. By the mid-twentieth century pro-slavery ideologies were obsolete in Euro-America and had disappeared from official policy globally. 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By the mid-twentieth century pro-slavery ideologies were obsolete in Euro-America and had disappeared from official policy globally. 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This article argues that this temptation should be resisted. Based on an analysis of cases from different regions and periods, it agrees broadly with Patterson's clear distinction between slave and free statuses, but not with his interpretation of elite slaves as 'the ultimate slaves'. Public slaves were unusual slaves. A close analysis of their circumstances, and of the circumstances of other categories of slaves endowed with particular influence or autonomy in their societies, reveals that the social death metaphor suits certain contexts better than other. It does not accurately capture the historical diversity of the statuses and conditions of enslaved persons through time, and hence is unhelpful for the purpose of comparative generalisation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b63acc9d4cc5b8e562fe2a8ee3428f4f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90119028,"asset_id":85413467,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119028/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413467"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413467"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413467; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413467]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413467]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413467; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413467']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b63acc9d4cc5b8e562fe2a8ee3428f4f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413467]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413467,"title":"Reflections on public slavery and social death","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Oxford University Press","grobid_abstract":"It is tempting to see public slaves as sharing characteristics of both slave and free and, therefore, as embodying an intermediate position that proves binary approaches to slavery and freedom wrong. 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Thick Contextualisation: Interpreting West African Landscapes, Sources, and ProjectsBenedetta Rossi and Toby Green</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Landscapes, Sources and Intellectual Projects of the West African Past</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413460"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413460"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413460; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413460]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413460]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413460; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413460']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413460]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413460,"title":"Introduction. 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Frontières de sable, frontières de papier : histoire de territoires et de frontières, du jihad de Sokoto à la colonisation française du Niger, XIXe-XXe siècles. Paris, Publications de la Sorbonne, 2015, 543 pages" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90119069/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85413458/CAMILLE_LEFEBVRE_Fronti%C3%A8res_de_sable_fronti%C3%A8res_de_papier_histoire_de_territoires_et_de_fronti%C3%A8res_du_jihad_de_Sokoto_%C3%A0_la_colonisation_fran%C3%A7aise_du_Niger_XIXe_XXe_si%C3%A8cles_Paris_Publications_de_la_Sorbonne_2015_543_pages">CAMILLE LEFEBVRE. Frontières de sable, frontières de papier : histoire de territoires et de frontières, du jihad de Sokoto à la colonisation française du Niger, XIXe-XXe siècles. Paris, Publications de la Sorbonne, 2015, 543 pages</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Critique internationale</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Distribution électronique Cairn.info pour Presses de Sciences Po. © Presses de Sciences Po. Tous ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Distribution électronique Cairn.info pour Presses de Sciences Po. © Presses de Sciences Po. Tous droits réservés pour tous pays. La reproduction ou représentation de cet article, notamment par photocopie, n'est autorisée que dans les limites des conditions générales d'utilisation du site ou, le cas échéant, des conditions générales de la licence souscrite par votre établissement. 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Tous droits réservés pour tous pays. La reproduction ou représentation de cet article, notamment par photocopie, n'est autorisée que dans les limites des conditions générales d'utilisation du site ou, le cas échéant, des conditions générales de la licence souscrite par votre établissement. Toute autre reproduction ou représentation, en tout ou partie, sous quelque forme et de quelque manière que ce soit, est interdite sauf accord préalable et écrit de l'éditeur, en dehors des cas prévus par la législation en vigueur en France. 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It argues that by mobilizing the idea of development, both colonial and independent African governments were able to continue recruiting unpaid (or underpaid) labor—relabeled as “voluntary participation,” “self-help,” or “human investment” —after the passing of the ILO’s Forced Labor Convention. This introduction consists of two parts: the first section summarizes the main findings of the contributions to the special issue. The second part advances preliminary considerations on the implications of these findings for our assessment of international development “aid.” The conclusion advocates that research on planned development focus not on developers-beneficiaries, but rather on employers-employees. Doing so opens up a renewed research agenda on the consequences of “aid” both for development workers (th...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9632ef0e8f3514ebb36df6905e852f8c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90119070,"asset_id":85413453,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119070/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413453"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413453"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413453; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413453]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413453]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413453; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413453']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9632ef0e8f3514ebb36df6905e852f8c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413453]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413453,"title":"What “Development” Does to Work","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This article introduces an Africa-focused special issue showing that the rise of development in its modern form coincided with the demise of the political legitimacy of forced labor. 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Dans le cadre d'un voyage qui a duré quatre ans et lui a fait traverser le Niger, le Nigéria, le Cameroun, la Guinée équatoriale, le Gabon et la République du Congo, Tubali a évolué dans des contextes généralement caractérisés comme « informels »: il a voyagé sans papiers ou permis de travail, et a été soutenu par des institutions qui échappent au contrôle de l'É tat mais donnent accés á des moyens financiers, une aide pour voyager et des possibilités de travail aux voyageurs qui ne peuvent ou ne veulent pas suivre les voies officielles. Ces migrants comptent sur des relations qui, dans le cas de Tubali, sont pour la plupart impromptues, formées sur la base de l'appartenance à la même ethnie, l'adhésion á la même religion ou des origines dans la même région. Cet article interpréte le voyage de Tubali par rapport aux significations attribuées á cette manière de travailler et de voyager dans la société de Tahoua. Il examine les conséquences conceptuelles et politiques de la caractérisation des pratiques de ces migrants comme « informelles » et examine les alternatives analytiques.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8bef9dbefd653d5932d7b9943ca06ce2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90119062,"asset_id":85413450,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119062/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413450"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413450"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413450; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413450]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413450]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413450; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413450']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8bef9dbefd653d5932d7b9943ca06ce2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413450]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413450,"title":"Tubali's trip: Rethinking informality in the study of West African labour migrations","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","grobid_abstract":"Cet article porte sur le travail et les voyages de Tubali, un migrant de langue hausa originaire de la région de Tahoua, République du Niger. 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Dans le cadre d'un voyage qui a duré quatre ans et lui a fait traverser le Niger, le Nigéria, le Cameroun, la Guinée équatoriale, le Gabon et la République du Congo, Tubali a évolué dans des contextes généralement caractérisés comme « informels »: il a voyagé sans papiers ou permis de travail, et a été soutenu par des institutions qui échappent au contrôle de l'É tat mais donnent accés á des moyens financiers, une aide pour voyager et des possibilités de travail aux voyageurs qui ne peuvent ou ne veulent pas suivre les voies officielles. Ces migrants comptent sur des relations qui, dans le cas de Tubali, sont pour la plupart impromptues, formées sur la base de l'appartenance à la même ethnie, l'adhésion á la même religion ou des origines dans la même région. Cet article interpréte le voyage de Tubali par rapport aux significations attribuées á cette manière de travailler et de voyager dans la société de Tahoua. Il examine les conséquences conceptuelles et politiques de la caractérisation des pratiques de ces migrants comme « informelles » et examine les alternatives analytiques.","owner":{"id":1050315,"first_name":"Benedetta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rossi","page_name":"BenedettaRossi","domain_name":"ucl","created_at":"2011-12-15T19:22:07.273-08:00","display_name":"Benedetta Rossi","url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/BenedettaRossi"},"attachments":[{"id":90119062,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90119062/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"00083968.2014.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119062/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Tubalis_trip_Rethinking_informality_in_t.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90119062/00083968.2014-libre.pdf?1661234968=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTubalis_trip_Rethinking_informality_in_t.pdf\u0026Expires=1741912041\u0026Signature=bhWnCWaxNpCxNCqAmIzLS7p9FsVkzUU03umwPscSHwVpyUzrqRuE3Hs2gphHWxomjfA47IyDVfkHQuVN8lsMuguJDuDW8OBXErtE~rh0VlzieOEVd-KAy2MZTiYgzkWk8-vj~YICZuolkCoDlSFrA2HFxU514k3k-5G9pE1K~Pszmxr-E5fZUFA-lGI31xWkyVpyasepg-O4iEK0lvwQmjh6EqxMRo7AILFzyJr7J8L8wxhzGPBDF~WKLTBSKPNQ7mCMu8I-TJ0wXjby33IK6FuIW5aaaqsv05l~ggYzm3X4dfaV22dxEmbjGB5SMRoOV7MeosRt3hm-47ZgIp58RA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"}],"urls":[{"id":23256371,"url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00083968.2014.918323"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85413447"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/85413447/Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Africa_Towards_an_Integrated_Analysis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dependence, Unfreedom and Slavery in Africa: Towards an Integrated Analysis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90119061/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85413447/Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Africa_Towards_an_Integrated_Analysis">Dependence, Unfreedom and Slavery in Africa: Towards an Integrated Analysis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Africa</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom and slavery in African societies. But they reach different conclusions; bring different methodological frameworks to bear on the circumstances they examine; and – when they are concerned with policy questions – propose different remedies. A comparison of these books is useful not only for understanding African dependence and unfreedom, but also for rethinking critically the approaches of some of the main contemporary strands of research on these phenomena.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="cafc8c4c8b70324417b0277a30762176" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90119061,"asset_id":85413447,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119061/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413447"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413447"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413447; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413447]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413447]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413447; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413447']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "cafc8c4c8b70324417b0277a30762176" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413447]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413447,"title":"Dependence, Unfreedom and Slavery in Africa: Towards an Integrated Analysis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom and slavery in African societies. 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A comparison of these books is useful not only for understanding African dependence and unfreedom, but also for rethinking critically the approaches of some of the main contemporary strands of research on these phenomena.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85413447/Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Africa_Towards_an_Integrated_Analysis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-22T23:00:29.133-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1050315,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90119061,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90119061/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"div-class-title-dependence-unfreedom-and-slavery-in-africa-towards-an-integrated-analysis-div.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119061/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Afri.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90119061/div-class-title-dependence-unfreedom-and-slavery-in-africa-towards-an-integrated-analysis-div-libre.pdf?1661234964=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Afri.pdf\u0026Expires=1741912041\u0026Signature=WglitjFpwL373jjyrCg-PT3t-3yaChQtb3rlVBUyaZwqV-0AEtYY5nEJs7DyptS3uB45LnMpRILZZ6AWl5xy8D7YwnZ1-MZ6teLt-EYaxaeI7HaQp~iwHTgoqpFTDFcEBbYiq2IEdF095dxqS8peXpdT90dx00ybF-4GTkmj2J3UA774apWeZJI0LShHqtj2Idip8UizUYjG9pfMChi9D1rUOlbU0tNb6h-alcLq2y2B7~sjIKOLwcE9LZmRUzfdvTTMTrE2e9vpp7vpsAODOzor0nYTs9pj6Bd8eCbuZXJXK7eRELlcSwPF8c70kjb~dMWvJrPjY6LmCBNW89DDnA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Africa_Towards_an_Integrated_Analysis","translated_slug":"","page_count":20,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom and slavery in African societies. But they reach different conclusions; bring different methodological frameworks to bear on the circumstances they examine; and – when they are concerned with policy questions – propose different remedies. A comparison of these books is useful not only for understanding African dependence and unfreedom, but also for rethinking critically the approaches of some of the main contemporary strands of research on these phenomena.","owner":{"id":1050315,"first_name":"Benedetta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rossi","page_name":"BenedettaRossi","domain_name":"ucl","created_at":"2011-12-15T19:22:07.273-08:00","display_name":"Benedetta Rossi","url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/BenedettaRossi"},"attachments":[{"id":90119061,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90119061/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"div-class-title-dependence-unfreedom-and-slavery-in-africa-towards-an-integrated-analysis-div.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119061/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Afri.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90119061/div-class-title-dependence-unfreedom-and-slavery-in-africa-towards-an-integrated-analysis-div-libre.pdf?1661234964=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Afri.pdf\u0026Expires=1741912041\u0026Signature=WglitjFpwL373jjyrCg-PT3t-3yaChQtb3rlVBUyaZwqV-0AEtYY5nEJs7DyptS3uB45LnMpRILZZ6AWl5xy8D7YwnZ1-MZ6teLt-EYaxaeI7HaQp~iwHTgoqpFTDFcEBbYiq2IEdF095dxqS8peXpdT90dx00ybF-4GTkmj2J3UA774apWeZJI0LShHqtj2Idip8UizUYjG9pfMChi9D1rUOlbU0tNb6h-alcLq2y2B7~sjIKOLwcE9LZmRUzfdvTTMTrE2e9vpp7vpsAODOzor0nYTs9pj6Bd8eCbuZXJXK7eRELlcSwPF8c70kjb~dMWvJrPjY6LmCBNW89DDnA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology"},{"id":3896,"name":"African History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_History"},{"id":4527,"name":"Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Africa"},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery"},{"id":14237,"name":"Anthropology of post -slave societies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_post_-slave_societies"},{"id":15264,"name":"Work and Labour","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Work_and_Labour"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85413444"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/85413444/The_Agadez_Chronicles_and_Y_Tarichi_A_Reinterpretation"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Agadez Chronicles and Y Tarichi: A Reinterpretation" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90119060/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85413444/The_Agadez_Chronicles_and_Y_Tarichi_A_Reinterpretation">The Agadez Chronicles and Y Tarichi: A Reinterpretation</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>History in Africa</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This article focuses on the texts known as the "Agadez Chronicles" and "Y Tarichi," which have be...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This article focuses on the texts known as the "Agadez Chronicles" and "Y Tarichi," which have been used by historians of the Central Sahara and Sahel to reconstruct the history of the Sultanate of Agadez and the Ader Kingdom in today's Republic of Niger. The most frequently cited of these texts are published translations of copies of Arabic manuscripts that were made available to French and British colonial administrators by members of the elites of Agadez, Ader, and Sokoto in the first decade of the twentieth century. This article suggests that the copies handed over to the representatives of European empires had been altered to promote the interests of the local elites who circulated these sources. The article compares texts in the Agadez corpus with independent sources on the history of this region in the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth centuries; it discusses the political context in which the Agadez Chronicles were circulated at the beginning of the twentieth century; and it considers the implications of the proposed reinterpretations for the historiography of the Aïr and Ader regions.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d0e1c60c7b6705b06881b9572f06b6a2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90119060,"asset_id":85413444,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119060/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413444"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413444"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413444; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413444]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413444]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413444; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413444']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d0e1c60c7b6705b06881b9572f06b6a2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413444]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413444,"title":"The Agadez Chronicles and Y Tarichi: A Reinterpretation","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","grobid_abstract":"This article focuses on the texts known as the \"Agadez Chronicles\" and \"Y Tarichi,\" which have been used by historians of the Central Sahara and Sahel to reconstruct the history of the Sultanate of Agadez and the Ader Kingdom in today's Republic of Niger. The most frequently cited of these texts are published translations of copies of Arabic manuscripts that were made available to French and British colonial administrators by members of the elites of Agadez, Ader, and Sokoto in the first decade of the twentieth century. This article suggests that the copies handed over to the representatives of European empires had been altered to promote the interests of the local elites who circulated these sources. The article compares texts in the Agadez corpus with independent sources on the history of this region in the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth centuries; it discusses the political context in which the Agadez Chronicles were circulated at the beginning of the twentieth century; and it considers the implications of the proposed reinterpretations for the historiography of the Aïr and Ader regions.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"History in Africa","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":90119060},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85413444/The_Agadez_Chronicles_and_Y_Tarichi_A_Reinterpretation","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-22T23:00:26.403-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1050315,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90119060,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90119060/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Rossi_The_Agadez_Chronicles_and_Y_Tarichi_HiA_2016_final_pre_proof.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119060/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Agadez_Chronicles_and_Y_Tarichi_A_Re.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90119060/Rossi_The_Agadez_Chronicles_and_Y_Tarichi_HiA_2016_final_pre_proof-libre.pdf?1661234981=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Agadez_Chronicles_and_Y_Tarichi_A_Re.pdf\u0026Expires=1741912041\u0026Signature=fiJBtsACc12DFu6wlWFzGt7dNWZhcDUfE0G4qwHpIUEosPsCj4FM47sJ22zpBvMlqiggvj~oGuSWbOCDJ9KKeYUKAH2kLZZIU6MSdJcGCibzM1PtRVVjyWTjBq9baNZYYI8d7rLtngFhlUSzmhLOfavckRb3-pcMqVQHOHEET1cJPuRhyabYNBM-RPH1yD3yqe6vNhyXi6Os~Lmvl-GvAB5RGmxI0cKlaXVPVgpG7EvjVThw6oklxS0eEZf-1ncsiVABknL9GLit30QFPAeM~61X9lXXEue2fz7fnS4l6GYwwVdWb7Mq~xzMVT7GmKyi9QiCOWqlVlmok4rzC29PpA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Agadez_Chronicles_and_Y_Tarichi_A_Reinterpretation","translated_slug":"","page_count":53,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This article focuses on the texts known as the \"Agadez Chronicles\" and \"Y Tarichi,\" which have been used by historians of the Central Sahara and Sahel to reconstruct the history of the Sultanate of Agadez and the Ader Kingdom in today's Republic of Niger. 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Miller (eds), Children in Slavery through the Ages. Athens OH: Ohio University Press (pb US$ 19.95 – 978 0 821 41877 2). 2009, 248 pp" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/85413440/Gwyn_Campbell_Suzanne_Miers_and_Joseph_C_Miller_eds_Children_in_Slavery_through_the_Ages_Athens_OH_Ohio_University_Press_pb_US_19_95_978_0_821_41877_2_2009_248_pp">Gwyn Campbell, Suzanne Miers and Joseph C. Miller (eds), Children in Slavery through the Ages. Athens OH: Ohio University Press (pb US$ 19.95 – 978 0 821 41877 2). 2009, 248 pp</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Africa</span><span>, 2010</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is a challenging and exciting book, though in English translation its language is occasional...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is a challenging and exciting book, though in English translation its language is occasionally awkward. The original French version has not only avoided the vagaries of translation, but, having appeared after the English version, also benefits from an ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413440"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413440"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413440; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413440]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413440]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413440; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413440']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413440]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413440,"title":"Gwyn Campbell, Suzanne Miers and Joseph C. 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Histoire, Sciences Sociales</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">RésuméQuand, comment et pourquoi l&#39;esclavage a-t-il disparu dans le Sahel nigérien – si tant ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">RésuméQuand, comment et pourquoi l&#39;esclavage a-t-il disparu dans le Sahel nigérien – si tant est qu&#39;il ait complètement disparu ? Quels processus ont favorisé l’émancipation des personnes réduites en esclavage ? Quelles étaient les stratégies des administrateurs coloniaux, des propriétaires d&#39;esclaves, des trafiquants, des esclaves eux-mêmes et de leurs descendants ? Au cours des deux premières décennies de l&#39;occupation française du Sahel central, l&#39;abolition légale n&#39;a pas abouti à l’éradication de l&#39;esclavage car les lois n’étaient pas appliquées. Mais, à partir des années 1920, l&#39;internationalisation de l&#39;abolition qui a suivi la création de la Société des Nations a entraîné la mise en œuvre des lois contre l&#39;esclavage. Cet article entend montrer que l’émancipation a connu une impulsion initiale grâce à la mise en place de mécanismes internationaux de surveillance en mesure de (dé)légitimer le pouvoir colonial à un moment où personne ne che...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2f5dca234d96152f58a7084114de6494" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90119013,"asset_id":85413393,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119013/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413393"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413393"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413393; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413393]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413393]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413393; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413393']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2f5dca234d96152f58a7084114de6494" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413393]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413393,"title":"Périodiser la fin de l'esclavage: Le droit colonial, la Société des Nations et la résistance des esclaves dans le Sahel nigérien, 1920-1930","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"RésuméQuand, comment et pourquoi l\u0026#39;esclavage a-t-il disparu dans le Sahel nigérien – si tant est qu\u0026#39;il ait complètement disparu ? 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As European imperialism rose, abolitionism legitimized interventionism. This article explores how a major humanitarian movement could sanction colonial occupation and the violence that accompanied it. It also examines the position of African slaveholders who resisted the entrenchment of European rule and defended an order in which slavery was common. It focuses on two main actors: French Captain Leopold Joubert, Catholic royalist and former pontifical Zouave who supported Cardinal Lavigerie's Missionaries of Africa and Belgian King Leopold II's allegedly abolitionist endeavours; and Tippu Tip, a trader and slaver who, like Joubert, worked for self-styled abolitionists such as Leopold II and the Sultan of Zanzibar. The connected microhistories of these men show how the international problematization of African slavery fuelled both European imperialism and anti-colonial resistance, while also creating circumstances in which enslaved persons emancipated themselves. The article investigates the moral perceptions of individuals whose sense of self was predicated upon values embodied by Europe's monarchies, the papacy of Rome, and the sultanate of Zanzibar. Faced with what they perceived as existential threats to these institutions, they responded with rising radicalism.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118749650"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118749650"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118749650; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118749650]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118749650]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118749650; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118749650']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118749650]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118749650,"title":"\"An Abolitionist Vicious Circle: Slaving, Antislavery, and Violence on the Shores of Lake Tanganyika at the Onset of Colonial Occupation,\" Slavery \u0026 Abolition, Accessible online in FirstView: https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039X.2024.2349369","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1080/0144039X.2024.2349369","abstract":"In the late nineteenth century, abolitionists felt entitled to use all possible means to save the African victims of the slave trade. 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This article argues that this temptation should be resisted. Based on an analysis of cases from different regions and periods, it agrees broadly with Patterson's clear distinction between slave and free statuses, but not with his interpretation of elite slaves as 'the ultimate slaves'. Public slaves were unusual slaves. A close analysis of their circumstances, and of the circumstances of other categories of slaves endowed with particular influence or autonomy in their societies, reveals that the social death metaphor suits certain contexts better than other. It does not accurately capture the historical diversity of the statuses and conditions of enslaved persons through time, and hence is unhelpful for the purpose of comparative generalisation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="79659108"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="79659108"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79659108; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79659108]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79659108]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79659108; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='79659108']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=79659108]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":79659108,"title":"Reflections on Public Slavery and Social Death","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1093/bics/qbab024","abstract":"It is tempting to see public slaves as sharing characteristics of both slave and free and, therefore, as embodying an intermediate position that proves binary approaches to slavery and freedom wrong. This article argues that this temptation should be resisted. Based on an analysis of cases from different regions and periods, it agrees broadly with Patterson's clear distinction between slave and free statuses, but not with his interpretation of elite slaves as 'the ultimate slaves'. Public slaves were unusual slaves. A close analysis of their circumstances, and of the circumstances of other categories of slaves endowed with particular influence or autonomy in their societies, reveals that the social death metaphor suits certain contexts better than other. It does not accurately capture the historical diversity of the statuses and conditions of enslaved persons through time, and hence is unhelpful for the purpose of comparative generalisation.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies"},"translated_abstract":"It is tempting to see public slaves as sharing characteristics of both slave and free and, therefore, as embodying an intermediate position that proves binary approaches to slavery and freedom wrong. This article argues that this temptation should be resisted. Based on an analysis of cases from different regions and periods, it agrees broadly with Patterson's clear distinction between slave and free statuses, but not with his interpretation of elite slaves as 'the ultimate slaves'. Public slaves were unusual slaves. A close analysis of their circumstances, and of the circumstances of other categories of slaves endowed with particular influence or autonomy in their societies, reveals that the social death metaphor suits certain contexts better than other. It does not accurately capture the historical diversity of the statuses and conditions of enslaved persons through time, and hence is unhelpful for the purpose of comparative generalisation.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/79659108/Reflections_on_Public_Slavery_and_Social_Death","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-05-22T08:44:41.189-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1050315,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Reflections_on_Public_Slavery_and_Social_Death","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"It is tempting to see public slaves as sharing characteristics of both slave and free and, therefore, as embodying an intermediate position that proves binary approaches to slavery and freedom wrong. This article argues that this temptation should be resisted. 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It does not accurately capture the historical diversity of the statuses and conditions of enslaved persons through time, and hence is unhelpful for the purpose of comparative generalisation.","owner":{"id":1050315,"first_name":"Benedetta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rossi","page_name":"BenedettaRossi","domain_name":"ucl","created_at":"2011-12-15T19:22:07.273-08:00","display_name":"Benedetta Rossi","url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/BenedettaRossi"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery"}],"urls":[{"id":20671860,"url":"https://academic.oup.com/bics/article/64/2/92/6510968"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26977684"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26977684/Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Africa_Toward_an_Integrated_Analysis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dependence, Unfreedom, and Slavery in Africa: Toward an Integrated Analysis." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47240036/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26977684/Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Africa_Toward_an_Integrated_Analysis">Dependence, Unfreedom, and Slavery in Africa: Toward an Integrated Analysis.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Article published in Published in 'Africa', Vol 86, Issue 03 (2016), pp. 571-590,.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom and slavery in African societies. But they reach different conclusions; bring different methodological frameworks to bear on the circumstances they examine; and – when they are concerned with policy questions – propose different remedies. A comparison of these books is useful not only for understanding African dependence and unfreedom, but also for rethinking critically the approaches of some of the main contemporary strands of research on these phenomena.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="715b47296e04a858b25b22632f4dd30a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47240036,"asset_id":26977684,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47240036/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26977684"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26977684"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26977684; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26977684]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26977684]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26977684; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26977684']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "715b47296e04a858b25b22632f4dd30a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26977684]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26977684,"title":"Dependence, Unfreedom, and Slavery in Africa: Toward an Integrated Analysis.","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1017/S0001972016000504","abstract":"The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom and slavery in African societies. 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A comparison of these books is useful not only for understanding African dependence and unfreedom, but also for rethinking critically the approaches of some of the main contemporary strands of research on these phenomena.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/26977684/Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Africa_Toward_an_Integrated_Analysis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-14T03:21:15.997-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1050315,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47240036,"title":"","file_type":"docx","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47240036/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Rossi-review_article_for_africa-15_April_2016.docx","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47240036/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Afri.docx","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47240036/Rossi-review_article_for_africa-15_April_2016.docx?1738330928=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Afri.docx\u0026Expires=1741912040\u0026Signature=cCUbdFgGDYxrmyz05MKw2-uvRmWltkDzx~Z1DWKDo0ddISiRxTxmfBHiVfjmxCDSy4BqTQRcSgHp6JrC8BWkA5vpswfZaamGesuipr4ySC-hiEkZHBHGTa9V~CRSuKNd5P5YoiGBsnVU3fv3ijqGIhgncHH4O9-RryGHS8FD4sGDF6gtqK73-WB4cDrCwuef3cxv7NZr771cJYOGaB4YX8n5foKyliTCAvHzo6JV52LxeUPv5c3Bxyf7rvcCu0zvXU5hoooD8astogVIxqRmO~b9eRKMRl12WJHo7czfOY5o-SkG~aWLFwsB8wkJCpfYztPk5iENITXsl70igTlKzw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Africa_Toward_an_Integrated_Analysis","translated_slug":"","page_count":23,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom and slavery in African societies. But they reach different conclusions; bring different methodological frameworks to bear on the circumstances they examine; and – when they are concerned with policy questions – propose different remedies. A comparison of these books is useful not only for understanding African dependence and unfreedom, but also for rethinking critically the approaches of some of the main contemporary strands of research on these phenomena.","owner":{"id":1050315,"first_name":"Benedetta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rossi","page_name":"BenedettaRossi","domain_name":"ucl","created_at":"2011-12-15T19:22:07.273-08:00","display_name":"Benedetta Rossi","url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/BenedettaRossi"},"attachments":[{"id":47240036,"title":"","file_type":"docx","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47240036/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Rossi-review_article_for_africa-15_April_2016.docx","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47240036/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Afri.docx","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47240036/Rossi-review_article_for_africa-15_April_2016.docx?1738330928=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Afri.docx\u0026Expires=1741912040\u0026Signature=cCUbdFgGDYxrmyz05MKw2-uvRmWltkDzx~Z1DWKDo0ddISiRxTxmfBHiVfjmxCDSy4BqTQRcSgHp6JrC8BWkA5vpswfZaamGesuipr4ySC-hiEkZHBHGTa9V~CRSuKNd5P5YoiGBsnVU3fv3ijqGIhgncHH4O9-RryGHS8FD4sGDF6gtqK73-WB4cDrCwuef3cxv7NZr771cJYOGaB4YX8n5foKyliTCAvHzo6JV52LxeUPv5c3Bxyf7rvcCu0zvXU5hoooD8astogVIxqRmO~b9eRKMRl12WJHo7czfOY5o-SkG~aWLFwsB8wkJCpfYztPk5iENITXsl70igTlKzw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3896,"name":"African History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_History"},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery"},{"id":14237,"name":"Anthropology of post -slave societies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_post_-slave_societies"},{"id":15264,"name":"Work and Labour","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Work_and_Labour"},{"id":924801,"name":"African Studies/ African History /Social Anthropology/African Econ","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies_African_History_Social_Anthropology_African_Econ"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22645658"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/22645658/Preface_to_the_Second_Paperback_Edition_of_Rossi_B_ed_Reconfiguring_Slavery_West_African_Trajectories_Liverpool_Liverpool_University_Press_2016_first_HB_edition_2009_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Preface to the Second Paperback Edition of: Rossi, B. (ed.) Reconfiguring Slavery: West African Trajectories. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2016 (first HB edition: 2009)." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43238234/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22645658/Preface_to_the_Second_Paperback_Edition_of_Rossi_B_ed_Reconfiguring_Slavery_West_African_Trajectories_Liverpool_Liverpool_University_Press_2016_first_HB_edition_2009_">Preface to the Second Paperback Edition of: Rossi, B. (ed.) Reconfiguring Slavery: West African Trajectories. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2016 (first HB edition: 2009).</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Reconfiguring Slavery focuses on the range of trajectories followed by descendants of both owners...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Reconfiguring Slavery focuses on the range of trajectories followed by descendants of both owners and slaves in twentieth century West Africa. It contains both anthropological and historical contributions that analyse new empirical evidence on the strategies of enslaved persons and their descendants in Mauritania, Benin, Niger, Cameroon, Ghana, Senegal, and the Gambia.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="26accc102d6d5e7d814c9680b31d78db" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":43238234,"asset_id":22645658,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43238234/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22645658"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22645658"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22645658; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22645658]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22645658]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22645658; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22645658']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "26accc102d6d5e7d814c9680b31d78db" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22645658]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22645658,"title":"Preface to the Second Paperback Edition of: Rossi, B. 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This article suggests that looking at how these migrants chose to move when they could control their mobility, and at the obstacles they faced, reveals aspects of the experience of enslavement and emancipation that have not yet been fully explored in the relevant historiography. While historians of African slavery have described the large-scale movements of ex-slaves that followed legal status abolition in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, only few studies provide detailed analyses of these trajectories from the perspective of the enslaved. Outside the field of slavery studies, both West African labour history and migration studies have been emphasising ethnicity over status, thereby underestimating how slave descent shaped the practices and aspirations of a large proportion of labour migrants. The autobiographic testimonies of migrants of slave descent provide insights into their strategies and expose differences across gender, age and location. Through an analysis of these sources, this article highlights the missing links in our reconstructions of the history of West African workers. In the second half of the nineteenth century, legal emancipation in the narrow European colonial possessions on the coast of West Africa gave rise to substantial displacements of slaves moving to regions under European rule. In the twentieth century, following colonial occupation of West Africa and the gradual application of emancipation decrees, ex-slaves migrated within European territories. They left in order to regain their original home, when they knew where they came from, or to move to regions where they could find new opportunities. Slave agency manifested itself through massive flights. 2 Martin Klein thinks that slaves who fled to earlier homes in French West Africa between 1906 and 1911 could have been over a million. 3 Paul Lovejoy and Jan Hogendorn suggest that between 1897 and 1907, as many as 200,000 slaves escaped following the British conquest of the Sokoto Caliphate.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="32d4759a04fe711b2ec6dcea0fd4e6d2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121509860,"asset_id":127835860,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121509860/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127835860"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127835860"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127835860; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127835860]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127835860]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127835860; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127835860']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "32d4759a04fe711b2ec6dcea0fd4e6d2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127835860]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127835860,"title":"Migration and Emancipation in West Africa's Labour History: The Missing Links","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Frank Cass \u0026 Co.","grobid_abstract":"Strategies of emancipation included projects of migration conceived and unfolded by migrants of slave descent. 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Through an analysis of these sources, this article highlights the missing links in our reconstructions of the history of West African workers. In the second half of the nineteenth century, legal emancipation in the narrow European colonial possessions on the coast of West Africa gave rise to substantial displacements of slaves moving to regions under European rule. In the twentieth century, following colonial occupation of West Africa and the gradual application of emancipation decrees, ex-slaves migrated within European territories. They left in order to regain their original home, when they knew where they came from, or to move to regions where they could find new opportunities. Slave agency manifested itself through massive flights. 2 Martin Klein thinks that slaves who fled to earlier homes in French West Africa between 1906 and 1911 could have been over a million. 3 Paul Lovejoy and Jan Hogendorn suggest that between 1897 and 1907, as many as 200,000 slaves escaped following the British conquest of the Sokoto Caliphate.","owner":{"id":1050315,"first_name":"Benedetta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rossi","page_name":"BenedettaRossi","domain_name":"ucl","created_at":"2011-12-15T19:22:07.273-08:00","display_name":"Benedetta Rossi","url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/BenedettaRossi"},"attachments":[{"id":121509860,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121509860/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"0144039X.2013.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121509860/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Migration_and_Emancipation_in_West_Afric.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121509860/0144039X.2013-libre.pdf?1740357616=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMigration_and_Emancipation_in_West_Afric.pdf\u0026Expires=1741912041\u0026Signature=ULJFwySpLheHwMQk4TpGUR3I5nTXxq8xZyd9wVLqlxQEeBof4r~UODv2FUAxGQb9BnPKeVqTqGDY~AmbH~yXVMa0kINLAEQZNAr-ByQsFvqUrjNA0VW78l~MOI4J6aA53LgGsYhrmep0hUx6tIUTA6473hTrbJXxKmY3trYSfRRoq7vnz62oCkdR~UT4WkWJlWOQj-s~CjMkBUfu3bXcU-rft54hUsDHLvy4QHw3cP09v1Y41YysmCi81frYD9mvi298Yhy4mVS7ogqujJyps1uXk~Ee3mm9gPHM~AjN16AP8G9MfhQJyEzQVpbRIIPY-FasDiCl3IDsVfYo7-Ox3A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":3524,"name":"Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography"},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery"},{"id":12972,"name":"Emancipation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emancipation"},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies"},{"id":413189,"name":"Ethnic Group","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Group"},{"id":953669,"name":"Routledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Routledge"}],"urls":[{"id":46956602,"url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/0144039X.2013.796108?needAccess=true"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="126056599"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/126056599/Slavery_in_Francophone_West_Africa"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Slavery in Francophone West Africa" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119992509/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/126056599/Slavery_in_Francophone_West_Africa">Slavery in Francophone West Africa</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Springer eBooks</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Slavery gives slaveholders totalizing power over every aspect of the life of enslaved persons. Fo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Slavery gives slaveholders totalizing power over every aspect of the life of enslaved persons. For this reason, slaves have often been the workers of choice in labor systems that employed disposable workers in order to maximize the slaveholders' profits. This accounts for the deadly combination of slavery and capitalism, which authors with different political and intellectual agendas generally agree upon. 2 But we should be weary of generalizations. In the West African Sahel slavery has been both widespread and resilient. And yet this is not because slave labor lent itself to the harshest form of exploitation by profit-maximizing capitalists. Instead, here slavery has been resilient precisely because slavery is more than control over the labor of the enslaved. In the Sahel coercing workers made little economic sense, as there were neither cash crops nor large profits to be made by either private or public employers. Even colonial administrators refrained from committing substantial resources and efforts to the extraction of local labor. This does not mean that they were not violent-they were, in fact, extremely brutal at moments. But punctual explosions of punitive violence cost less than capillary forms of continued policing and control. Colonial violence functioned as a deterrent to revolt in desert-edge territories where the close monitoring of labor was not seen as a reasonable use of resources.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1b620a2f2e5203720067ed654098ace0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119992509,"asset_id":126056599,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119992509/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="126056599"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="126056599"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126056599; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126056599]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126056599]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126056599; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='126056599']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1b620a2f2e5203720067ed654098ace0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=126056599]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":126056599,"title":"Slavery in Francophone West Africa","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Springer Nature","grobid_abstract":"Slavery gives slaveholders totalizing power over every aspect of the life of enslaved persons. 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This does not mean that they were not violent-they were, in fact, extremely brutal at moments. But punctual explosions of punitive violence cost less than capillary forms of continued policing and control. 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The Slavery-Marriage Nexus in Northern Uganda Since the Mid-Nineteenth Century</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Slavery &amp; Abolition</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="104051658"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="104051658"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104051658; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=104051658]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=104051658]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104051658; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='104051658']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=104051658]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":104051658,"title":"Captive Wives or Conjugal Slaves? 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This article takes a pluralist approach to global abolitionism. Since the late seventeenth century, the membership, objectives, and strategies of different abolitionist movements have been varied, but they shared the same objective: to impose their understanding of slavery as an aberration that ought to be de-legalized and eventually prohibited worldwide. This article periodizes global abolitionism in three main stages characterized, successively, by the primacy of egalitarianism, imperialism, and internationalism. By the mid-twentieth century pro-slavery ideologies were obsolete in Euro-America and had disappeared from official policy globally. They survived in circumscribed contexts where anti-slavery activists are struggling against the lingering vitality of pro-slavery ideas in the twenty-first century.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6ca3d067bc90ca8a03e784d86ec3d01f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100534347,"asset_id":99446761,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100534347/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99446761"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99446761"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99446761; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99446761]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99446761]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99446761; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='99446761']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6ca3d067bc90ca8a03e784d86ec3d01f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=99446761]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":99446761,"title":"Rossi Global Abolition Movements","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.ORE_AFH-00945.R1","abstract":"Abolitionism succeeded thanks to the struggles of many movements, some genuinely global, others national or local but interconnected at a global level. 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They survived in circumscribed contexts where anti-slavery activists are struggling against the lingering vitality of pro-slavery ideas in the twenty-first century.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99446761/Rossi_Global_Abolition_Movements","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-04-01T03:53:11.174-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1050315,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":100534347,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100534347/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Rossi_Global_Abolition_Movements_ORE_March2023_revised_final.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100534347/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Rossi_Global_Abolition_Movements.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100534347/Rossi_Global_Abolition_Movements_ORE_March2023_revised_final-libre.pdf?1680347775=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRossi_Global_Abolition_Movements.pdf\u0026Expires=1741912041\u0026Signature=BQYuZIeLd~5XO5JqpGKC9ravg-JAhKP201TLLFD~h6Iz5Ygxdrk-5fesSFFCaBdBBNpzJef5s7zLag9ypvAqusiIncy1bZStPuzyhYv~DbW8uuRVR5Ql2gQsoOXDzglH0weHTd-UZoqKpHsIhM1f1l8omXbWI4pvY6BKxag8fAb7lT-RT-1gECHMIn2MfcuSyDYHo~mPtDTH7JrX8sgxvQLSHk2RshsvTyarn4odsxSdb9dX7hiuCgdBWGqOvfSXmt~fgO60mo~6teXvU8cZd2SDZrdfTFB2qrJlAwJOm9HbVYlYLtEEUAFKzg6KJ91vg3r5Roc-pcj0xguTppcO5w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Rossi_Global_Abolition_Movements","translated_slug":"","page_count":29,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Abolitionism succeeded thanks to the struggles of many movements, some genuinely global, others national or local but interconnected at a global level. 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They survived in circumscribed contexts where anti-slavery activists are struggling against the lingering vitality of pro-slavery ideas in the twenty-first century.","owner":{"id":1050315,"first_name":"Benedetta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rossi","page_name":"BenedettaRossi","domain_name":"ucl","created_at":"2011-12-15T19:22:07.273-08:00","display_name":"Benedetta Rossi","url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/BenedettaRossi"},"attachments":[{"id":100534347,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100534347/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Rossi_Global_Abolition_Movements_ORE_March2023_revised_final.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100534347/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Rossi_Global_Abolition_Movements.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100534347/Rossi_Global_Abolition_Movements_ORE_March2023_revised_final-libre.pdf?1680347775=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRossi_Global_Abolition_Movements.pdf\u0026Expires=1741912041\u0026Signature=BQYuZIeLd~5XO5JqpGKC9ravg-JAhKP201TLLFD~h6Iz5Ygxdrk-5fesSFFCaBdBBNpzJef5s7zLag9ypvAqusiIncy1bZStPuzyhYv~DbW8uuRVR5Ql2gQsoOXDzglH0weHTd-UZoqKpHsIhM1f1l8omXbWI4pvY6BKxag8fAb7lT-RT-1gECHMIn2MfcuSyDYHo~mPtDTH7JrX8sgxvQLSHk2RshsvTyarn4odsxSdb9dX7hiuCgdBWGqOvfSXmt~fgO60mo~6teXvU8cZd2SDZrdfTFB2qrJlAwJOm9HbVYlYLtEEUAFKzg6KJ91vg3r5Roc-pcj0xguTppcO5w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3896,"name":"African History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_History"},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery"},{"id":11575,"name":"Anti-slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anti-slavery"},{"id":86393,"name":"Abolitionism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolitionism"},{"id":919391,"name":"Anti-slavery/abolitionism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anti-slavery_abolitionism"},{"id":2556319,"name":"Anti-slavery movement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anti-slavery_movement"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85413467"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/85413467/Reflections_on_public_slavery_and_social_death"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Reflections on public slavery and social death" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90119028/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85413467/Reflections_on_public_slavery_and_social_death">Reflections on public slavery and social death</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies of the University of London</span><span>, Dec 1, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">It is tempting to see public slaves as sharing characteristics of both slave and free and, theref...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">It is tempting to see public slaves as sharing characteristics of both slave and free and, therefore, as embodying an intermediate position that proves binary approaches to slavery and freedom wrong. This article argues that this temptation should be resisted. Based on an analysis of cases from different regions and periods, it agrees broadly with Patterson's clear distinction between slave and free statuses, but not with his interpretation of elite slaves as 'the ultimate slaves'. Public slaves were unusual slaves. A close analysis of their circumstances, and of the circumstances of other categories of slaves endowed with particular influence or autonomy in their societies, reveals that the social death metaphor suits certain contexts better than other. It does not accurately capture the historical diversity of the statuses and conditions of enslaved persons through time, and hence is unhelpful for the purpose of comparative generalisation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b63acc9d4cc5b8e562fe2a8ee3428f4f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90119028,"asset_id":85413467,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119028/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413467"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413467"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413467; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413467]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413467]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413467; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413467']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b63acc9d4cc5b8e562fe2a8ee3428f4f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413467]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413467,"title":"Reflections on public slavery and social death","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Oxford University Press","grobid_abstract":"It is tempting to see public slaves as sharing characteristics of both slave and free and, therefore, as embodying an intermediate position that proves binary approaches to slavery and freedom wrong. 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It does not accurately capture the historical diversity of the statuses and conditions of enslaved persons through time, and hence is unhelpful for the purpose of comparative generalisation.","owner":{"id":1050315,"first_name":"Benedetta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rossi","page_name":"BenedettaRossi","domain_name":"ucl","created_at":"2011-12-15T19:22:07.273-08:00","display_name":"Benedetta Rossi","url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/BenedettaRossi"},"attachments":[{"id":90119028,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90119028/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"qbab024.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119028/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Reflections_on_public_slavery_and_social.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90119028/qbab024-libre.pdf?1661234966=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DReflections_on_public_slavery_and_social.pdf\u0026Expires=1741912041\u0026Signature=GuAPMHOh1fXukomA8vUzcvk59sFV7HIKbAc2FzGJe~jQn78sypM0K5c-~9VNpA62~WDASV7But5ravZX7zzu6Jg-7b8mg7W92r9L663QMdQDki8N7foSbMvEy7yUKm8WXOcRB4XvrE2E3GdXfTWUWp2AT0s-m0GS2xc84XgvQCgs8grjstgROSp1vdvyE~~h9A24IQpKRhrzkeWFTThuoZ4BSZDn2HH2nXXsjaDWKK4URtfuJJrv~6Fc0w8mZf7pau9TNBwqpopX2tbA9RYgn1CPRJxsh4Q8RCZrjKy3pRv78Rq7oCJ3JZIZ85feZpNMuW2U-L-3MTn0YHIm4cTOEw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":90119029,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90119029/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"qbab024.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119029/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Reflections_on_public_slavery_and_social.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90119029/qbab024-libre.pdf?1661234967=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DReflections_on_public_slavery_and_social.pdf\u0026Expires=1741912041\u0026Signature=aw9Pgj7YRMrqeHw4RdtJMdlYcOOk7AQrqn1fIvBLmUFCejr~a0YZFMOdLBlg~AUPRtbuP5RdnSHcZLPITglqZRhK6fwhzIBfyMgVEBw~e2R2aDUF~DRSD9HIS0Jb~N2FGD8NNC8-OMbRhrVL2r-0OgInnCVTCyxpiuXwruV6bivV-xRXs1~8OUy8O0YqJs-w3n2tQuWuOLUZgPeO~tV4y1F2J22rH70ddlgXpkXgLafDvdjv8Pvxh73zzhAHfSAWzGnqZxGrTNAfpDYujtn99DkQ4jb-kimVNrtroMYNlrWKV07IplCOvJbILt8x-GUtFd8IC0Q-kzAbvDRJEvonzA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery"},{"id":11712,"name":"Metaphor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metaphor"},{"id":14197,"name":"Autonomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autonomy"},{"id":40752,"name":"Temptation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temptation"},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies"},{"id":391688,"name":"Elite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elite"}],"urls":[{"id":23256376,"url":"https://academic.oup.com/bics/article-pdf/64/2/92/42233075/qbab024.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85413464"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/85413464/Courtiers_En_Development_Les_Villages_Africains_En_Quete_De_Projets_Book_Reviews_Development_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Courtiers En Development: Les Villages Africains En Quete De Projets. (Book Reviews: Development)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/85413464/Courtiers_En_Development_Les_Villages_Africains_En_Quete_De_Projets_Book_Reviews_Development_">Courtiers En Development: Les Villages Africains En Quete De Projets. (Book Reviews: Development)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute</span><span>, 2002</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413464"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413464"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413464; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413464]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413464]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413464; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413464']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413464]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413464,"title":"Courtiers En Development: Les Villages Africains En Quete De Projets. 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Thick Contextualisation: Interpreting West African Landscapes, Sources, and ProjectsBenedetta Rossi and Toby Green" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/85413460/Introduction_Thick_Contextualisation_Interpreting_West_African_Landscapes_Sources_and_ProjectsBenedetta_Rossi_and_Toby_Green">Introduction. Thick Contextualisation: Interpreting West African Landscapes, Sources, and ProjectsBenedetta Rossi and Toby Green</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Landscapes, Sources and Intellectual Projects of the West African Past</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413460"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413460"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413460; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413460]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413460]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413460; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413460']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413460]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413460,"title":"Introduction. 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Paris, Publications de la Sorbonne, 2015, 543 pages</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Critique internationale</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Distribution électronique Cairn.info pour Presses de Sciences Po. © Presses de Sciences Po. Tous ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Distribution électronique Cairn.info pour Presses de Sciences Po. © Presses de Sciences Po. Tous droits réservés pour tous pays. La reproduction ou représentation de cet article, notamment par photocopie, n'est autorisée que dans les limites des conditions générales d'utilisation du site ou, le cas échéant, des conditions générales de la licence souscrite par votre établissement. 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It argues that by mobilizing the idea of development, both colonial and independent African governments were able to continue recruiting unpaid (or underpaid) labor—relabeled as “voluntary participation,” “self-help,” or “human investment” —after the passing of the ILO’s Forced Labor Convention. This introduction consists of two parts: the first section summarizes the main findings of the contributions to the special issue. The second part advances preliminary considerations on the implications of these findings for our assessment of international development “aid.” The conclusion advocates that research on planned development focus not on developers-beneficiaries, but rather on employers-employees. Doing so opens up a renewed research agenda on the consequences of “aid” both for development workers (th...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9632ef0e8f3514ebb36df6905e852f8c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90119070,"asset_id":85413453,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119070/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413453"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413453"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413453; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413453]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413453]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413453; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413453']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9632ef0e8f3514ebb36df6905e852f8c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413453]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413453,"title":"What “Development” Does to Work","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This article introduces an Africa-focused special issue showing that the rise of development in its modern form coincided with the demise of the political legitimacy of forced labor. 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Dans le cadre d'un voyage qui a duré quatre ans et lui a fait traverser le Niger, le Nigéria, le Cameroun, la Guinée équatoriale, le Gabon et la République du Congo, Tubali a évolué dans des contextes généralement caractérisés comme « informels »: il a voyagé sans papiers ou permis de travail, et a été soutenu par des institutions qui échappent au contrôle de l'É tat mais donnent accés á des moyens financiers, une aide pour voyager et des possibilités de travail aux voyageurs qui ne peuvent ou ne veulent pas suivre les voies officielles. Ces migrants comptent sur des relations qui, dans le cas de Tubali, sont pour la plupart impromptues, formées sur la base de l'appartenance à la même ethnie, l'adhésion á la même religion ou des origines dans la même région. Cet article interpréte le voyage de Tubali par rapport aux significations attribuées á cette manière de travailler et de voyager dans la société de Tahoua. Il examine les conséquences conceptuelles et politiques de la caractérisation des pratiques de ces migrants comme « informelles » et examine les alternatives analytiques.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8bef9dbefd653d5932d7b9943ca06ce2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90119062,"asset_id":85413450,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119062/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413450"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413450"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413450; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413450]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413450]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413450; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413450']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8bef9dbefd653d5932d7b9943ca06ce2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413450]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413450,"title":"Tubali's trip: Rethinking informality in the study of West African labour migrations","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","grobid_abstract":"Cet article porte sur le travail et les voyages de Tubali, un migrant de langue hausa originaire de la région de Tahoua, République du Niger. 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Il examine les conséquences conceptuelles et politiques de la caractérisation des pratiques de ces migrants comme « informelles » et examine les alternatives analytiques.","owner":{"id":1050315,"first_name":"Benedetta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rossi","page_name":"BenedettaRossi","domain_name":"ucl","created_at":"2011-12-15T19:22:07.273-08:00","display_name":"Benedetta Rossi","url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/BenedettaRossi"},"attachments":[{"id":90119062,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90119062/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"00083968.2014.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119062/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Tubalis_trip_Rethinking_informality_in_t.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90119062/00083968.2014-libre.pdf?1661234968=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTubalis_trip_Rethinking_informality_in_t.pdf\u0026Expires=1741912041\u0026Signature=bhWnCWaxNpCxNCqAmIzLS7p9FsVkzUU03umwPscSHwVpyUzrqRuE3Hs2gphHWxomjfA47IyDVfkHQuVN8lsMuguJDuDW8OBXErtE~rh0VlzieOEVd-KAy2MZTiYgzkWk8-vj~YICZuolkCoDlSFrA2HFxU514k3k-5G9pE1K~Pszmxr-E5fZUFA-lGI31xWkyVpyasepg-O4iEK0lvwQmjh6EqxMRo7AILFzyJr7J8L8wxhzGPBDF~WKLTBSKPNQ7mCMu8I-TJ0wXjby33IK6FuIW5aaaqsv05l~ggYzm3X4dfaV22dxEmbjGB5SMRoOV7MeosRt3hm-47ZgIp58RA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"}],"urls":[{"id":23256371,"url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00083968.2014.918323"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85413447"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/85413447/Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Africa_Towards_an_Integrated_Analysis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dependence, Unfreedom and Slavery in Africa: Towards an Integrated Analysis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90119061/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85413447/Dependence_Unfreedom_and_Slavery_in_Africa_Towards_an_Integrated_Analysis">Dependence, Unfreedom and Slavery in Africa: Towards an Integrated Analysis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Africa</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom and slavery in African societies. But they reach different conclusions; bring different methodological frameworks to bear on the circumstances they examine; and – when they are concerned with policy questions – propose different remedies. A comparison of these books is useful not only for understanding African dependence and unfreedom, but also for rethinking critically the approaches of some of the main contemporary strands of research on these phenomena.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="cafc8c4c8b70324417b0277a30762176" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90119061,"asset_id":85413447,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119061/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413447"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413447"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413447; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413447]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413447]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413447; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413447']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "cafc8c4c8b70324417b0277a30762176" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413447]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413447,"title":"Dependence, Unfreedom and Slavery in Africa: Towards an Integrated Analysis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The three books reviewed in this article seek to provide interpretations of dependence, unfreedom and slavery in African societies. 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The most frequently cited of these texts are published translations of copies of Arabic manuscripts that were made available to French and British colonial administrators by members of the elites of Agadez, Ader, and Sokoto in the first decade of the twentieth century. This article suggests that the copies handed over to the representatives of European empires had been altered to promote the interests of the local elites who circulated these sources. The article compares texts in the Agadez corpus with independent sources on the history of this region in the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth centuries; it discusses the political context in which the Agadez Chronicles were circulated at the beginning of the twentieth century; and it considers the implications of the proposed reinterpretations for the historiography of the Aïr and Ader regions.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d0e1c60c7b6705b06881b9572f06b6a2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90119060,"asset_id":85413444,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119060/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85413444"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85413444"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413444; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413444]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85413444]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85413444; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85413444']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d0e1c60c7b6705b06881b9572f06b6a2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85413444]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85413444,"title":"The Agadez Chronicles and Y Tarichi: A Reinterpretation","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","grobid_abstract":"This article focuses on the texts known as the \"Agadez Chronicles\" and \"Y Tarichi,\" which have been used by historians of the Central Sahara and Sahel to reconstruct the history of the Sultanate of Agadez and the Ader Kingdom in today's Republic of Niger. The most frequently cited of these texts are published translations of copies of Arabic manuscripts that were made available to French and British colonial administrators by members of the elites of Agadez, Ader, and Sokoto in the first decade of the twentieth century. This article suggests that the copies handed over to the representatives of European empires had been altered to promote the interests of the local elites who circulated these sources. The article compares texts in the Agadez corpus with independent sources on the history of this region in the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth centuries; it discusses the political context in which the Agadez Chronicles were circulated at the beginning of the twentieth century; and it considers the implications of the proposed reinterpretations for the historiography of the Aïr and Ader regions.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"History in Africa","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":90119060},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85413444/The_Agadez_Chronicles_and_Y_Tarichi_A_Reinterpretation","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-22T23:00:26.403-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1050315,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90119060,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90119060/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Rossi_The_Agadez_Chronicles_and_Y_Tarichi_HiA_2016_final_pre_proof.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90119060/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Agadez_Chronicles_and_Y_Tarichi_A_Re.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90119060/Rossi_The_Agadez_Chronicles_and_Y_Tarichi_HiA_2016_final_pre_proof-libre.pdf?1661234981=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Agadez_Chronicles_and_Y_Tarichi_A_Re.pdf\u0026Expires=1741912041\u0026Signature=fiJBtsACc12DFu6wlWFzGt7dNWZhcDUfE0G4qwHpIUEosPsCj4FM47sJ22zpBvMlqiggvj~oGuSWbOCDJ9KKeYUKAH2kLZZIU6MSdJcGCibzM1PtRVVjyWTjBq9baNZYYI8d7rLtngFhlUSzmhLOfavckRb3-pcMqVQHOHEET1cJPuRhyabYNBM-RPH1yD3yqe6vNhyXi6Os~Lmvl-GvAB5RGmxI0cKlaXVPVgpG7EvjVThw6oklxS0eEZf-1ncsiVABknL9GLit30QFPAeM~61X9lXXEue2fz7fnS4l6GYwwVdWb7Mq~xzMVT7GmKyi9QiCOWqlVlmok4rzC29PpA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Agadez_Chronicles_and_Y_Tarichi_A_Reinterpretation","translated_slug":"","page_count":53,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This article focuses on the texts known as the \"Agadez Chronicles\" and \"Y Tarichi,\" which have been used by historians of the Central Sahara and Sahel to reconstruct the history of the Sultanate of Agadez and the Ader Kingdom in today's Republic of Niger. The most frequently cited of these texts are published translations of copies of Arabic manuscripts that were made available to French and British colonial administrators by members of the elites of Agadez, Ader, and Sokoto in the first decade of the twentieth century. This article suggests that the copies handed over to the representatives of European empires had been altered to promote the interests of the local elites who circulated these sources. 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Miller (eds), Children in Slavery through the Ages. Athens OH: Ohio University Press (pb US$ 19.95 – 978 0 821 41877 2). 2009, 248 pp" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/85413440/Gwyn_Campbell_Suzanne_Miers_and_Joseph_C_Miller_eds_Children_in_Slavery_through_the_Ages_Athens_OH_Ohio_University_Press_pb_US_19_95_978_0_821_41877_2_2009_248_pp">Gwyn Campbell, Suzanne Miers and Joseph C. Miller (eds), Children in Slavery through the Ages. Athens OH: Ohio University Press (pb US$ 19.95 – 978 0 821 41877 2). 2009, 248 pp</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Africa</span><span>, 2010</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is a challenging and exciting book, though in English translation its language is occasional...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is a challenging and exciting book, though in English translation its language is occasionally awkward. 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Histoire, Sciences Sociales</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">RésuméQuand, comment et pourquoi l&#39;esclavage a-t-il disparu dans le Sahel nigérien – si tant ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">RésuméQuand, comment et pourquoi l&#39;esclavage a-t-il disparu dans le Sahel nigérien – si tant est qu&#39;il ait complètement disparu ? Quels processus ont favorisé l’émancipation des personnes réduites en esclavage ? Quelles étaient les stratégies des administrateurs coloniaux, des propriétaires d&#39;esclaves, des trafiquants, des esclaves eux-mêmes et de leurs descendants ? Au cours des deux premières décennies de l&#39;occupation française du Sahel central, l&#39;abolition légale n&#39;a pas abouti à l’éradication de l&#39;esclavage car les lois n’étaient pas appliquées. Mais, à partir des années 1920, l&#39;internationalisation de l&#39;abolition qui a suivi la création de la Société des Nations a entraîné la mise en œuvre des lois contre l&#39;esclavage. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="65872091"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/65872091/Reconfiguring_Slavery_West_African_Trajectories"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Reconfiguring Slavery: West African Trajectories" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/77281078/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/65872091/Reconfiguring_Slavery_West_African_Trajectories">Reconfiguring Slavery: West African Trajectories</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Contents List of Figures Notes on Contributors Preface A note on Language 1. Introduction: Rethin...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Contents List of Figures Notes on Contributors Preface A note on Language 1. Introduction: Rethinking Slavery in West Africa - Benedetta Rossi 2. Slave descent and Social Status in Sahara and Sudan - Martin A. Klein 3. African American psychologists, the atlantic Slave trade and Ghana: a History of the present - Tom McCaskie 4. After abolition: Metaphors of Slavery in the political History of the Gambia - Alice Bellagamba 5. Islamic patronage and republican emancipation: The Slaves of the Almaami in the Senegal river valley - Jean Schmitz 6. Curse and Blessing: on post-slavery Modes of perception and agency in Benin - Christine Hardung 7. Contemporary trajectories of Slavery in Haalpulaar Society (Mauritania) - Olivier Leservoisier 8. Slavery and politics: Stigma, decentralisation and political representation in Niger and Benin - Eric Komlavi Hahonou 9. Slavery and Migration: Social and physical Mobility in ader (Niger) - Benedetta Rossi 10. Discourses on Slavery: reflections on for...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2287151a68bb92378ddd6e6ebff13f04" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":77281078,"asset_id":65872091,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77281078/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="65872091"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="65872091"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 65872091; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=65872091]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=65872091]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 65872091; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='65872091']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2287151a68bb92378ddd6e6ebff13f04" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=65872091]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":65872091,"title":"Reconfiguring Slavery: West African Trajectories","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Contents List of Figures Notes on Contributors Preface A note on Language 1. 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