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class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_no.wikipedia.org&uselang=nb" class=""><span>Doner</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Irredentisme&returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="Du oppfordres til å opprette en konto og logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk" class=""><span>Opprett konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Irredentisme&returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="Du 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id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Artikkelen finnes kun på dette språket. Legg til artikkelen på andre språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Legg til språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Irredentisme" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Irredentisme" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk 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Husk å ta med alle detaljene ovenfor.</div></div><hr /> <p>Du kan se og kopiere kildekoden til denne siden: </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="nb" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">[[Fil:RegioniIrredenteItalia.jpg|mini|300px|Kart fra 1930-årene over de regionene som fascistene mente skulle utgjøre Italia. Grønt: [[Nice]], [[Ticino]] og [[Dalmatia]]; rødt: [[Malta]]; fiolett: [[Korsika]]. Senere ble også [[Savoie]] og [[Korfu]] krevet]] '''Irredentisme''' er et politisk og idehistorisk fenomen som innebærer et sterkt ønske om å gjenerobre eller gjenopprette et lands eller en nasjons forhenværende territorier eller besittelser. Begrepet kommer av det italienske ordet ''irredento'' («uforløst»). Et omstridt område kan tilsvarende bli kalt et '''''irredenta''''', men ikke alle irredenta trenger å være gjenstand for irredentisme.<ref>[http://www.thefreedictionary.com/irredenta «Irredenta»], ''Free Dictionary''</ref><ref name="snl" /> == Opprinnelse == Den italienske irredentismen var en politisk bevegelse som ville samle alle områder med italiensktalende befolkning i en stor italiensk stat. Den begynte på 1870-tallet under slagordet ''Italia irredenta'' (det ikke-frigjorte Italia)<ref name=snl>[https://snl.no/irredentisme Irredentisme] på [[Store norske leksikon]]</ref> og var på dette tidspunktet var den først og fremst rettet mot [[Østerrike-Ungarn]], som omfattet flere italienskspråklige områder (i [[Tirol]] og [[Küstenland]]). I tillegg ble også gjort krav på deler av Sveits ([[Ticino]] og [[Graubünden]]). Første verdenskrig gjorde det mulig for Italia å kunne innlemme disse områdene, og landet sluttet en hemmelig avtale med Storbritannia og Frankrike om å få oppfylt sine territorielle krav som motytelse for en deltakelse i krigen. Italia sa derfor i 1915 opp forsvarsavtalen som landet hadde inngått med Tyskland og Østerrike-Ungarn ([[trippelalliansen (1882)|trippelalliansen]]), og erklærte samtidig Østerrike-Ungarn krig. Selv om Østerrike-Ungarn i [[Italiafronten (første verdenskrig)|alpekrigen under første verdenskrig]] klarte å forsvare sin sydlige grense, holdt seiersmaktene ord, og Italia ble i [[Saint-Germain-traktaten|St.-Germain-traktaten]] tildelt store deler av Tirol samt [[Görz]], [[Trieste]] og [[Istria]]. Siden Italia hadde forespeilet Storbritannia og Frankrike at den italienske språkgrensen fulgte [[alpene]]s hoved[[vannskille]], fikk Italia imidlertid store områder som aldri hadde vært italiensktalende, spesielt det tysk- og [[ladinsk]]språklige [[Syd-Tirol]]. Disse områdene ble utsatt for en aggressiv [[italienisering]] fra italienske myndigheter, både under [[fascisme|fascistene]] og etter andre verdenskrig, helt frem til 1970-tallet. Sveits ble forskånet for irredentismen, men følte seg lenge truet i sin statlige integritet. Faktisk var irredentismen den direkte foranledningen for at Sveits anerkjente [[retoromansk]] som sitt fjerde offisielle språk, som et svar på at Italia hadde definert retoromansk som en italiensk [[dialekt]] og dermed forsøkt å rettferdiggjøre et territorielt krav på [[Sveits’ kantoner|kantonen]] Graubünden. == Noen andre tilfeller av irredentisme == === Europa === * [[Norgesveldet]] * [[Stor-Serbia]] * [[Den stortyske løsning]] * [[Stor-Albania]] * [[Stor-Finland]] * [[Gibraltar]] * [[Krim]] * [[Nord-Irland]] * [[Makedonia (region)|Makedonia]] * [[Olivenza]], mellom Portugal og Spania * [[Stor-Ungarn]] === Asia === * [[Kina]] * [[Stor-India]] * [[Indonesia]] * [[Stor-Bangladesh]] * [[Stor-Syria]] * [[Stor-Jemen]] * [[Hongkong]] og [[Macao]] * [[Kurilene]] === Afrika === * [[Ceuta]] og [[Melilla]] * [[Ogaden]] === Amerika === * [[Falklandsøyene]] == Referanser == <references/> {{Autoritetsdata}} [[Kategori:Italias historie]] [[Kategori:Statsvitenskap]] [[Kategori:Irredentisme| ]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p>Maler som brukes på denne siden: </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal:Autoritetsdata" title="Mal:Autoritetsdata">Mal:Autoritetsdata</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mal:Autoritetsdata&action=edit" title="Mal:Autoritetsdata">vis kilde</a>) (halvbeskyttet)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Mal:Hlist/styles.css" title="Mal:Hlist/styles.css">Mal:Hlist/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mal:Hlist/styles.css&action=edit" title="Mal:Hlist/styles.css">rediger</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Mal:Navboks" title="Mal:Navboks">Mal:Navboks</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mal:Navboks&action=edit" title="Mal:Navboks">vis kilde</a>) (halvbeskyttet)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Mal:Navbox" title="Mal:Navbox">Mal:Navbox</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mal:Navbox&action=edit" title="Mal:Navbox">rediger</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Arguments" title="Modul:Arguments">Modul:Arguments</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Arguments&action=edit" title="Modul:Arguments">vis kilde</a>) (halvbeskyttet)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:External_links" title="Modul:External links">Modul:External links</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:External_links&action=edit" title="Modul:External links">vis kilde</a>) (halvbeskyttet)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:External_links/conf" title="Modul:External links/conf">Modul:External links/conf</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:External_links/conf&action=edit" title="Modul:External links/conf">rediger</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:External_links/conf/Autoritetsdata" title="Modul:External links/conf/Autoritetsdata">Modul:External links/conf/Autoritetsdata</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:External_links/conf/Autoritetsdata&action=edit" title="Modul:External links/conf/Autoritetsdata">rediger</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Genitiv" title="Modul:Genitiv">Modul:Genitiv</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Genitiv&action=edit" title="Modul:Genitiv">vis kilde</a>) (halvbeskyttet)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Navbar" title="Modul:Navbar">Modul:Navbar</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Navbar&action=edit" title="Modul:Navbar">rediger</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Navbar/configuration" title="Modul:Navbar/configuration">Modul:Navbar/configuration</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Navbar/configuration&action=edit" title="Modul:Navbar/configuration">rediger</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Navbox" title="Modul:Navbox">Modul:Navbox</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Navbox&action=edit" title="Modul:Navbox">vis kilde</a>) (halvbeskyttet)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Navbox/configuration" title="Modul:Navbox/configuration">Modul:Navbox/configuration</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Navbox/configuration&action=edit" title="Modul:Navbox/configuration">rediger</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Navbox/styles.css" title="Modul:Navbox/styles.css">Modul:Navbox/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Navbox/styles.css&action=edit" title="Modul:Navbox/styles.css">rediger</a>) </li></ul></div><p id="mw-returnto">Tilbake til <a href="/wiki/Irredentisme" title="Irredentisme">Irredentisme</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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