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<span>Structure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mechanism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mechanism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Mechanism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mechanism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transmembrane_ATP_synthases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transmembrane_ATP_synthases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Transmembrane ATP synthases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transmembrane_ATP_synthases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Classification</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Classification-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Classification subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Classification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-P-ATPase" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#P-ATPase"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>P-ATPase</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-P-ATPase-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human_genes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_genes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Human genes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human_genes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ATPase</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%AB%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="إنزيم الأدينوسين ثلاثي الفوسفات – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إنزيم الأدينوسين ثلاثي الفوسفات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenozintrifosfataza" title="Adenozintrifosfataza – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Adenozintrifosfataza" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP%C3%A1za" title="ATPáza – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="ATPáza" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPasen" title="ATPasen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="ATPasen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPaasid" title="ATPaasid – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="ATPaasid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPasa" title="ATPasa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="ATPasa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="ای‌تی‌پاز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ای‌تی‌پاز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPase" title="ATPase – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="ATPase" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPase" title="ATPase – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="ATPase" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP%EA%B0%80%EC%88%98%EB%B6%84%ED%95%B4%ED%9A%A8%EC%86%8C" title="ATP가수분해효소 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="ATP가수분해효소" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPasi" title="ATPasi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="ATPasi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ადენოზინტრიფოსფატაზები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ადენოზინტრიფოსფატაზები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPasis" title="ATPasis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="ATPasis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPaz%C4%97" title="ATPazė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="ATPazė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Аденозинтрифосфатаза – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Аденозинтрифосфатаза" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPase" title="ATPase – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="ATPase" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPase" title="ATPase – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="ATPase" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BC" title="ATPアーゼ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ATPアーゼ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPazy" title="ATPazy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="ATPazy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPase" title="ATPase – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="ATPase" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPaz%C4%83" title="ATPază – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="ATPază" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Аденозинтрифосфатазы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аденозинтрифосфатазы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenoz%C3%ADntrifosfat%C3%A1za" title="Adenozíntrifosfatáza – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Adenozíntrifosfatáza" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenozintrifosfataza" title="Adenozintrifosfataza – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Adenozintrifosfataza" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenozintrifosfataza" title="Adenozintrifosfataza – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Adenozintrifosfataza" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosiinitrifosfataasi" title="Adenosiinitrifosfataasi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Adenosiinitrifosfataasi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Аденозинтрифосфатази – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аденозинтрифосфатази" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPase" title="ATPase – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="ATPase" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP%E9%85%B6" title="ATP酶 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="ATP酶" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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searchaux" style="display:none">Dephosphorylation enzyme</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Adenosinetriphosphatase</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important; color:inherit;">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background-color: light-dark(#e7dcc3, #3b3018) !important; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Enzyme_Commission_number" title="Enzyme Commission number">EC no.</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="background-color: light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important; color:inherit;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enzyme-database.org/query.php?ec=3.6.1.3">3.6.1.3</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background-color: light-dark(#e7dcc3, #3b3018) !important; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/CAS_registry_number" class="mw-redirect" title="CAS registry number">CAS no.</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="background-color: light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important; color:inherit;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=9000-83-3&title=">9000-83-3 </a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important; color:inherit;">Databases</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background-color: light-dark(#e7dcc3, #3b3018) !important; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/IntEnz" title="IntEnz">IntEnz</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="background-color: light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important; color:inherit;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intenz/query?cmd=SearchEC&ec=3.6.1.3">IntEnz view</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background-color: light-dark(#e7dcc3, #3b3018) !important; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/BRENDA" title="BRENDA">BRENDA</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="background-color: light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important; color:inherit;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brenda-enzymes.org/enzyme.php?ecno=3.6.1.3">BRENDA entry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background-color: light-dark(#e7dcc3, #3b3018) !important; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/ExPASy" class="mw-redirect" title="ExPASy">ExPASy</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="background-color: light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important; color:inherit;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/3.6.1.3">NiceZyme view</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background-color: light-dark(#e7dcc3, #3b3018) !important; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/KEGG" title="KEGG">KEGG</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="background-color: light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important; color:inherit;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?enzyme+3.6.1.3">KEGG entry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background-color: light-dark(#e7dcc3, #3b3018) !important; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/MetaCyc" title="MetaCyc">MetaCyc</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="background-color: light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important; color:inherit;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biocyc.org/META/substring-search?type=NIL&object=3.6.1.3">metabolic pathway</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background-color: light-dark(#e7dcc3, #3b3018) !important; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/PRIAM_enzyme-specific_profiles" title="PRIAM enzyme-specific profiles">PRIAM</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="background-color: light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important; color:inherit;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://priam.prabi.fr/cgi-bin/PRIAM_profiles_CurrentRelease.pl?EC=3.6.1.3">profile</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background-color: light-dark(#e7dcc3, #3b3018) !important; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> structures</th><td class="infobox-data" style="background-color: light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important; color:inherit;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/search?q=rcsb_polymer_entity.rcsb_ec_lineage.id:3.6.1.3">RCSB PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/entry/search/index?ec_number:3.6.1.3">PDBe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/enzymes/GetPage.pl?ec_number=3.6.1.3">PDBsum</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="background-color: light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important; color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="float:none; clear:none; margin:0; border-width:0; border-collapse:collapse; text-align:left; width:100%"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important; color:inherit;">Search</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background-color: light-dark(#e7dcc3, #3b3018) !important; color:inherit; border:light-dark(#f8f9fa, #202122) 2px solid !important; border-width:3px 2px 0 0;"><a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="background-color: light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important; color:inherit; border:light-dark(#f8f9fa, #202122) 2px solid !important; border-width:3px 0 0 2px;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&term=3.6.1.3%5BEC/RN%20Number%5D%20AND%20pubmed%20pmc%20local%5Bsb%5D">articles</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background-color: light-dark(#e7dcc3, #3b3018) !important; color:inherit; border:light-dark(#f8f9fa, #202122) 2px solid !important; border-width:3px 2px 0 0;"><a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="background-color: light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important; color:inherit; border:light-dark(#f8f9fa, #202122) 2px solid !important; border-width:3px 0 0 2px;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&term=3.6.1.3%5BEC/RN%20Number%5D">articles</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background-color: light-dark(#e7dcc3, #3b3018) !important; color:inherit; border:light-dark(#f8f9fa, #202122) 2px solid !important; border-width:3px 2px 0 0;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="background-color: light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important; color:inherit; border:light-dark(#f8f9fa, #202122) 2px solid !important; border-width:3px 0 0 2px;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein?term=3.6.1.3%5BEC/RN%20Number%5D">proteins</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adenosintriphosphat_protoniert.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Adenosintriphosphat_protoniert.svg/200px-Adenosintriphosphat_protoniert.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Adenosintriphosphat_protoniert.svg/300px-Adenosintriphosphat_protoniert.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Adenosintriphosphat_protoniert.svg/400px-Adenosintriphosphat_protoniert.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="513" data-file-height="253" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphate" title="Adenosine triphosphate">Adenosine triphosphate</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adenosindiphosphat_protoniert.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Adenosindiphosphat_protoniert.svg/200px-Adenosindiphosphat_protoniert.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Adenosindiphosphat_protoniert.svg/300px-Adenosindiphosphat_protoniert.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Adenosindiphosphat_protoniert.svg/400px-Adenosindiphosphat_protoniert.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="434" data-file-height="253" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Adenosine_diphosphate" title="Adenosine diphosphate">Adenosine diphosphate</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adenosinmonophosphat_protoniert.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Adenosinmonophosphat_protoniert.svg/250px-Adenosinmonophosphat_protoniert.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Adenosinmonophosphat_protoniert.svg/330px-Adenosinmonophosphat_protoniert.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Adenosinmonophosphat_protoniert.svg/400px-Adenosinmonophosphat_protoniert.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="355" data-file-height="253" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Adenosine_monophosphate" title="Adenosine monophosphate">Adenosine monophosphate</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>ATPases</b> (<a href="/wiki/Enzyme_Commission_number" title="Enzyme Commission number">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/3.6.1.3">3.6.1.3</a>, <b>A</b>denosine 5'-<b>T</b>ri<b>P</b>hosphat<b>ase</b>, adenylpyrophosphatase, ATP monophosphatase, triphosphatase, ATP hydrolase, adenosine triphosphatase) are a class of <a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">enzymes</a> that <a href="/wiki/Catalysis" title="Catalysis">catalyze</a> the <a href="/wiki/Decomposition" title="Decomposition">decomposition</a> of <a href="/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphate" title="Adenosine triphosphate">ATP</a> into <a href="/wiki/Adenosine_diphosphate" title="Adenosine diphosphate">ADP</a> and a free <a href="/wiki/Phosphate" title="Phosphate">phosphate ion</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or the inverse reaction. This <a href="/wiki/Dephosphorylation" title="Dephosphorylation">dephosphorylation</a> reaction releases <a href="/wiki/Energy" title="Energy">energy</a>, which the enzyme (in most cases) harnesses to drive other <a href="/wiki/Chemical_reaction" title="Chemical reaction">chemical reactions</a> that would not otherwise occur. This process is widely used in all known forms of <a href="/wiki/Life" title="Life">life</a>. </p><p>Some such enzymes are <a href="/wiki/Integral_membrane_protein" title="Integral membrane protein">integral membrane proteins</a> (anchored within <a href="/wiki/Biological_membrane" title="Biological membrane">biological membranes</a>), and move <a href="/wiki/Solutes" class="mw-redirect" title="Solutes">solutes</a> across the membrane, typically against their concentration gradient. These are called transmembrane ATPases. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Functions">Functions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATPase&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Functions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scheme_sodium-potassium_pump-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Scheme_sodium-potassium_pump-en.svg/250px-Scheme_sodium-potassium_pump-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Scheme_sodium-potassium_pump-en.svg/500px-Scheme_sodium-potassium_pump-en.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="230" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/NaKATPase" class="mw-redirect" title="NaKATPase">Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>ATPase</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>Transmembrane ATPases import metabolites necessary for <a href="/wiki/Cell_(biology)" title="Cell (biology)">cell</a> <a href="/wiki/Metabolism" title="Metabolism">metabolism</a> and export toxins, wastes, and solutes that can hinder cellular processes. An important example is the <a href="/wiki/Sodium-potassium_pump" class="mw-redirect" title="Sodium-potassium pump">sodium-potassium pump</a> (Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>ATPase) that maintains the <a href="/wiki/Membrane_potential" title="Membrane potential">cell membrane potential</a>. Another example is the <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_potassium_ATPase" title="Hydrogen potassium ATPase">hydrogen potassium ATPase</a> (H<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>ATPase or gastric proton pump) that acidifies the contents of the stomach. ATPase is genetically conserved in animals; therefore, <a href="/wiki/Cardenolides" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardenolides">cardenolides</a> which are toxic steroids produced by plants that act on ATPases, make general and effective animal toxins that act dose dependently.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Besides exchangers, other categories of transmembrane ATPase include <a href="/wiki/Co-transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Co-transport">co-transporters</a> and pumps (however, some exchangers are also pumps). Some of these, like the Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>ATPase, cause a net flow of charge, but others do not. These are called electrogenic transporters and electroneutral transporters, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-libretexts_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-libretexts-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATPase&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Walker_motifs" title="Walker motifs">Walker motifs</a> are a telltale protein sequence motif for nucleotide binding and hydrolysis. Beyond this broad function, the Walker motifs can be found in almost all natural ATPases, with the notable exception of <a href="/wiki/Tyrosine_kinase" title="Tyrosine kinase">tyrosine kinases</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid6329717_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid6329717-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Walker motifs commonly form a <a href="/wiki/Beta_sheet" title="Beta sheet">Beta sheet</a>-turn-<a href="/wiki/Alpha_helix" title="Alpha helix">Alpha helix</a> that is self-organized as a <a href="/wiki/Nest_(protein_structural_motif)" title="Nest (protein structural motif)">Nest (protein structural motif)</a>. This is thought to be because modern ATPases evolved from small NTP-binding peptides that had to be self-organized.<sup id="cite_ref-Romero_RomeroYang2018_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Romero_RomeroYang2018-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Protein_design" title="Protein design">Protein design</a> has been able to replicate the ATPase function (weakly) without using natural ATPase sequences or structures. Importantly, while all natural ATPases have some beta-sheet structure, the designed "Alternative ATPase" lacks beta sheet structure, demonstrating that this life-essential function is possible with sequences and structures not found in nature.<sup id="cite_ref-WangHecht2020_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WangHecht2020-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mechanism">Mechanism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATPase&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Mechanism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ATPase (also called F<sub>0</sub>F<sub>1</sub>-ATP Synthase) is a charge-transferring complex that catalyzes ATP to perform ATP synthesis by moving ions through the membrane.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The coupling of ATP hydrolysis and transport is a chemical reaction in which a fixed number of solute molecules are transported for each ATP molecule hydrolyzed; for the Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> exchanger, this is three Na<sup>+</sup> ions out of the cell and two K+ ions inside per ATP molecule hydrolyzed. </p><p>Transmembrane ATPases make use of ATP's chemical potential energy by performing mechanical work: they transport solutes in the opposite direction of their thermodynamically preferred direction of movement—that is, from the side of the membrane with low concentration to the side with high concentration. This process is referred to as <a href="/wiki/Active_transport" title="Active transport">active transport</a>. </p><p>For instance, inhibiting vesicular H<sup>+</sup>-ATPases would result in a rise in the pH within vesicles and a drop in the pH of the cytoplasm. </p><p>All of the ATPases share a common basic structure. Each rotary ATPase is composed of two major components: F<sub>0</sub>/A<sub>0</sub>/V<sub>0</sub> and F<sub>1</sub>/A<sub>1</sub>/V<sub>1</sub>. They are connected by 1-3 stalks to maintain stability, control rotation, and prevent them from rotating in the other direction. One stalk is utilized to transmit torque.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of peripheral stalks is dependent on the type of ATPase: F-ATPases have one, A-ATPases have two, and V-ATPases have three. The F<sub>1</sub> catalytic domain is located on the N-side (negative-side) of the membrane and is involved in the synthesis and degradation of ATP and is involved in <a href="/wiki/Oxidative_phosphorylation" title="Oxidative phosphorylation">oxidative phosphorylation</a>. The F<sub>0</sub> transmembrane domain is involved in the movement of ions across the membrane.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The bacterial <a href="/wiki/ATP_synthase" title="ATP synthase">F<sub>0</sub>F<sub>1</sub>-ATPase</a> consists of the soluble F<sub>1</sub> domain and the transmembrane F<sub>0</sub> domain, which is composed of several subunits with varying stoichiometry. There are two subunits, γ, and ε, that form the central stalk and they are linked to F<sub>0</sub>. F<sub>0</sub> contains a c-subunit oligomer in the shape of a ring (c-ring). The α subunit is close to the subunit b<sub>2</sub> and makes up the stalk that connects the transmembrane subunits to the α3β3 and δ subunits. F-ATP synthases are identical in appearance and function except for the mitochondrial F<sub>0</sub>F<sub>1</sub>-ATP synthase, which contains 7-9 additional subunits.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Electrochemical_potential" title="Electrochemical potential">electrochemical potential</a> is what causes the c-ring to rotate in a clockwise direction for ATP synthesis. This causes the central stalk and the catalytic domain to change shape. Rotating the c-ring causes three ATP molecules to be made, which then causes H<sup>+</sup> to move from the P-side (positive-side) of the membrane to the N-side (negative-side) of the membrane. The counterclockwise rotation of the c-ring is driven by ATP hydrolysis and ions move from the N-side to the P-side, which helps to build up electrochemical potential.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transmembrane_ATP_synthases">Transmembrane ATP synthases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATPase&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Transmembrane ATP synthases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/ATP_synthase" title="ATP synthase">ATP synthase</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/ATP_synthase" title="ATP synthase">ATP synthase</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mitochondria" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitochondria">mitochondria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chloroplast" title="Chloroplast">chloroplasts</a> is an <a href="/wiki/Anabolism" title="Anabolism">anabolic</a> enzyme that harnesses the energy of a transmembrane <a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">proton</a> gradient as an energy source for adding an <a href="/wiki/Inorganic_phosphate" class="mw-redirect" title="Inorganic phosphate">inorganic phosphate</a> group to a molecule of <a href="/wiki/Adenosine_diphosphate" title="Adenosine diphosphate">adenosine diphosphate</a> (ADP) to form a molecule of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). </p><p>This enzyme works when a proton moves down the concentration gradient, giving the enzyme a spinning motion. This unique spinning motion bonds ADP and P together to create ATP. </p><p>ATP synthase can also function in reverse, that is, use energy released by ATP hydrolysis to pump protons against their electrochemical gradient. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATPase&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are different types of ATPases, which can differ in function (ATP synthesis and/or hydrolysis), structure (F-, V- and A-ATPases contain rotary motors) and in the type of ions they transport. </p> <ul><li>Rotary ATPases<sup id="cite_ref-pmid24878343_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid24878343-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/F-ATPase" title="F-ATPase">F-ATPases</a> (F1FO-ATPases) in <a href="/wiki/Mitochondria" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitochondria">mitochondria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chloroplast" title="Chloroplast">chloroplasts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">bacterial</a> <a href="/wiki/Plasma_membrane" class="mw-redirect" title="Plasma membrane">plasma membranes</a> are the prime producers of ATP, using the proton gradient generated by <a href="/wiki/Oxidative_phosphorylation" title="Oxidative phosphorylation">oxidative phosphorylation</a> (mitochondria) or <a href="/wiki/Photosynthesis" title="Photosynthesis">photosynthesis</a> (chloroplasts).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>F-ATPases lacking a <a href="/wiki/ATP_synthase_delta/OSCP_subunit" title="ATP synthase delta/OSCP subunit">delta/OSCP subunit</a> move sodium ions instead. They are proposed to be called <a href="/wiki/N-ATPase" class="mw-redirect" title="N-ATPase">N-ATPases</a>, since they seem to form a distinct group that is further apart from usual F-ATPases than A-ATPases are from V-ATPases.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V-ATPase" title="V-ATPase">V-ATPases</a> (V1VO-ATPases) are primarily found in eukaryotic vacuoles, catalysing ATP hydrolysis to transport solutes and lower pH in organelles like <a href="/wiki/Proton_pump" title="Proton pump">proton pump</a> of lysosome.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-ATPase" class="mw-redirect" title="A-ATPase">A-ATPases</a> (A1AO-ATPases) are found in <a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a> and some extremophilic bacteria. They are arranged like V-ATPases, but function like F-ATPases mainly as ATP synthases.</li> <li>Many homologs that are not necessarily rotaty exist. See <a href="/wiki/ATP_synthase#Evolution" title="ATP synthase">ATP synthase § Evolution</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-ATPase" class="mw-redirect" title="P-ATPase">P-ATPases</a> (E1E2-ATPases) are found in bacteria, fungi and in eukaryotic plasma membranes and organelles, and function to transport a variety of different ions across membranes.</li> <li><b>E-ATPases</b> are <a href="/wiki/Cell-surface" class="mw-redirect" title="Cell-surface">cell-surface</a> <a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">enzymes</a> that hydrolyze a range of NTPs, including extracellular ATP. Examples include ecto-ATPases, <a href="/wiki/CD39" class="mw-redirect" title="CD39">CD39s</a>, and ecto-ATP/Dases, all of which are members of a "<a href="/w/index.php?title=GDA1_CD39&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GDA1 CD39 (page does not exist)">GDA1 CD39</a>" superfamily.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AAA_proteins" title="AAA proteins">AAA proteins</a> are a family of ring-shaped <a href="/wiki/P-loop" class="mw-redirect" title="P-loop">P-loop</a> <a href="/wiki/Nucleoside-triphosphatase" title="Nucleoside-triphosphatase">NTPases</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="P-ATPase">P-ATPase</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATPase&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: P-ATPase"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/P-ATPase" class="mw-redirect" title="P-ATPase">P-ATPase</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/P-ATPase" class="mw-redirect" title="P-ATPase">P-ATPases</a> (sometime known as E1-E2 ATPases) are found in bacteria and also in eukaryotic plasma membranes and organelles. Its name is due to short time attachment of inorganic phosphate at the aspartate residues at the time of activation. Function of P-ATPase is to transport a variety of different compounds, like ions and phospholipids, across a membrane using ATP hydrolysis for energy. There are many different classes of P-ATPases, which transports a specific type of ion. P-ATPases may be composed of one or two polypeptides, and can usually take two main conformations, E1 and E2. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Human_genes">Human genes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATPase&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Human genes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Na%2B/K%2B-ATPase" class="mw-redirect" title="Na+/K+-ATPase">Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> transporting</a>: <a href="/wiki/ATP1A1" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP1A1">ATP1A1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP1A2" title="ATP1A2">ATP1A2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP1A3" title="ATP1A3">ATP1A3</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP1A4" title="ATP1A4">ATP1A4</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP1B1" title="ATP1B1">ATP1B1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP1B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP1B2 (page does not exist)">ATP1B2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP1B3" title="ATP1B3">ATP1B3</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP1B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP1B4 (page does not exist)">ATP1B4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_ATPase" title="Calcium ATPase">Ca<sup>++</sup> transporting</a>: <a href="/wiki/ATP2A1" title="ATP2A1">ATP2A1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP2A2" title="ATP2A2">ATP2A2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP2A3" title="ATP2A3">ATP2A3</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP2B1" title="ATP2B1">ATP2B1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP2B2" title="ATP2B2">ATP2B2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP2B3" title="ATP2B3">ATP2B3</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP2B4" title="ATP2B4">ATP2B4</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP2C1" title="ATP2C1">ATP2C1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP2C2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP2C2 (page does not exist)">ATP2C2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_potassium_ATPase" title="Hydrogen potassium ATPase">H<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> exchanging</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_potassium_ATPase" title="Hydrogen potassium ATPase">ATP4A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP_synthase" title="ATP synthase">H<sup>+</sup> transporting, mitochondrial</a>: <a href="/wiki/ATP5A1" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP5A1">ATP5A1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5B" title="ATP5B">ATP5B</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5C1" title="ATP5C1">ATP5C1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP5C2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP5C2 (page does not exist)">ATP5C2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5D" title="ATP5D">ATP5D</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5E" title="ATP5E">ATP5E</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5F1" title="ATP5F1">ATP5F1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5MC1" title="ATP5MC1">ATP5MC1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5G2" title="ATP5G2">ATP5G2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5G3" title="ATP5G3">ATP5G3</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5H" title="ATP5H">ATP5H</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5I" title="ATP5I">ATP5I</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5J" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP5J">ATP5J</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5J2" title="ATP5J2">ATP5J2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5L" title="ATP5L">ATP5L</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP5L2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP5L2 (page does not exist)">ATP5L2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5O" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP5O">ATP5O</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP5S" title="ATP5S">ATP5S</a>, <a href="/wiki/MT-ATP6" title="MT-ATP6">MT-ATP6</a>, <a href="/wiki/MT-ATP8" title="MT-ATP8">MT-ATP8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V-ATPase" title="V-ATPase">H<sup>+</sup> transporting, lysosomal</a>: <a href="/wiki/ATP6AP1" title="ATP6AP1">ATP6AP1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6AP2" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP6AP2">ATP6AP2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V1A" title="ATP6V1A">ATP6V1A</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V1B1" title="ATP6V1B1">ATP6V1B1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V1B2" title="ATP6V1B2">ATP6V1B2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V1C1" title="ATP6V1C1">ATP6V1C1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V1C2" title="ATP6V1C2">ATP6V1C2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V1D" title="ATP6V1D">ATP6V1D</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V1E1" title="ATP6V1E1">ATP6V1E1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V1E2" title="ATP6V1E2">ATP6V1E2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V1F" title="ATP6V1F">ATP6V1F</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V1G1" title="ATP6V1G1">ATP6V1G1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V1G2" title="ATP6V1G2">ATP6V1G2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V1G3" title="ATP6V1G3">ATP6V1G3</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V1H" title="ATP6V1H">ATP6V1H</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V0A1" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP6V0A1">ATP6V0A1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V0A2" title="ATP6V0A2">ATP6V0A2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V0A4" title="ATP6V0A4">ATP6V0A4</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V0B" title="ATP6V0B">ATP6V0B</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V0C" title="ATP6V0C">ATP6V0C</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V0D1" title="ATP6V0D1">ATP6V0D1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP6V0D2" title="ATP6V0D2">ATP6V0D2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP6V0E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP6V0E (page does not exist)">ATP6V0E</a></li> <li>Cu<sup>++</sup> transporting: <a href="/wiki/ATP7A" title="ATP7A">ATP7A</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP7B" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP7B">ATP7B</a></li> <li>Class I, type 8: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP8A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP8A1 (page does not exist)">ATP8A1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP8B1" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP8B1">ATP8B1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP8B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP8B2 (page does not exist)">ATP8B2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP8B3" title="ATP8B3">ATP8B3</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP8B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP8B4 (page does not exist)">ATP8B4</a></li> <li>Class II, type 9: <a href="/wiki/ATP9A" title="ATP9A">ATP9A</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP9B (page does not exist)">ATP9B</a></li> <li>Class V, type 10: <a href="/wiki/ATP10A" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP10A">ATP10A</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP10B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP10B (page does not exist)">ATP10B</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP10D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP10D (page does not exist)">ATP10D</a></li> <li>Class VI, type 11: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP11A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP11A (page does not exist)">ATP11A</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP11B" title="ATP11B">ATP11B</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP11C" title="ATP11C">ATP11C</a></li> <li>H<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> transporting, nongastric: <a href="/wiki/ATP12A" title="ATP12A">ATP12A</a></li> <li>type 13: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP13A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP13A1 (page does not exist)">ATP13A1</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP13A2" title="ATP13A2">ATP13A2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATP13A3" title="ATP13A3">ATP13A3</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP13A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP13A4 (page does not exist)">ATP13A4</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP13A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP13A5 (page does not exist)">ATP13A5</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATPase&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP_synthase" title="ATP synthase">ATP synthase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP_synthase_alpha/beta_subunits" title="ATP synthase alpha/beta subunits">ATP synthase alpha/beta subunits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AAA_proteins" title="AAA proteins">AAA proteins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-ATPase" class="mw-redirect" title="P-ATPase">P-ATPase</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATPase&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media 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class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px 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text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21484095">21484095</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Purinergic+Signalling&rft.atitle=The+GDA1_CD39+superfamily%3A+NTPDases+with+diverse+functions&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E21-%3C%2Fspan%3E45&rft.date=2011-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3083126%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21484095&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs11302-010-9214-7&rft.aulast=Knowles&rft.aufirst=AF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3083126&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AATPase" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATPase&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media 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decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Adenosine_triphosphatases" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Adenosine triphosphatases">Adenosine triphosphatases</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atpsynthase.info/">"ATP synthase - a splendid molecular machine"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?name=ATPase">ATPase</a> at the U.S. National Library of Medicine <a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">Medical Subject Headings</a> (MeSH)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pdbe.org/emsearch/atpase">Electron microscopy structures of ATPases from the EM Data Bank(EMDB)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Membrane_transport_protein" title="Membrane transport protein">Membrane transport protein</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ion_transporter" title="Ion transporter">ion pumps</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">ATPases</a> / <a href="/wiki/ATP_synthase" title="ATP synthase">ATP synthase</a> (<a href="/wiki/Transporter_Classification_database#3.A._P-P-bond_hydrolysis-driven_transporters" class="mw-redirect" title="Transporter Classification database">TC 3A2-3A3</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/ATP_synthase" title="ATP synthase">F-, V-, and A-type ATPase (3.A.2)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/F-ATPase" title="F-ATPase">H<sup>+</sup> (F-type)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>H<sup>+</sup> transporting, mitochondrial: <a href="/wiki/ATP5A1" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP5A1">ATP5A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5B" title="ATP5B">ATP5B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5C1" title="ATP5C1">ATP5C1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP5C2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP5C2 (page does not exist)">ATP5C2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5D" title="ATP5D">ATP5D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5E" title="ATP5E">ATP5E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5F1" title="ATP5F1">ATP5F1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5MC1" title="ATP5MC1">ATP5MC1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5G2" title="ATP5G2">ATP5G2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5G3" title="ATP5G3">ATP5G3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5H" title="ATP5H">ATP5H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5I" title="ATP5I">ATP5I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5J" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP5J">ATP5J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5J2" title="ATP5J2">ATP5J2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5L" title="ATP5L">ATP5L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP5L2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP5L2 (page does not exist)">ATP5L2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5O" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP5O">ATP5O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP5S" title="ATP5S">ATP5S</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/V-ATPase" title="V-ATPase">H<sup>+</sup> (V-type)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/V-ATPase" title="V-ATPase">H<sup>+</sup> transporting, lysosomal</a>: <a href="/wiki/ATP6AP1" title="ATP6AP1">ATP6AP1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6AP2" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP6AP2">ATP6AP2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V1A" title="ATP6V1A">ATP6V1A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V1B1" title="ATP6V1B1">ATP6V1B1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V1B2" title="ATP6V1B2">ATP6V1B2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V1C1" title="ATP6V1C1">ATP6V1C1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V1C2" title="ATP6V1C2">ATP6V1C2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V1D" title="ATP6V1D">ATP6V1D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V1E1" title="ATP6V1E1">ATP6V1E1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V1E2" title="ATP6V1E2">ATP6V1E2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V1F" title="ATP6V1F">ATP6V1F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V1G1" title="ATP6V1G1">ATP6V1G1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V1G2" title="ATP6V1G2">ATP6V1G2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V1G3" title="ATP6V1G3">ATP6V1G3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V1H" title="ATP6V1H">ATP6V1H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V0A1" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP6V0A1">ATP6V0A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V0A2" title="ATP6V0A2">ATP6V0A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V0A4" title="ATP6V0A4">ATP6V0A4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V0B" title="ATP6V0B">ATP6V0B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V0C" title="ATP6V0C">ATP6V0C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V0D1" title="ATP6V0D1">ATP6V0D1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V0D2" title="ATP6V0D2">ATP6V0D2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP6V0E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP6V0E (page does not exist)">ATP6V0E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP6V0E1" title="ATP6V0E1">ATP6V0E1</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TCIRG1" title="TCIRG1">TCIRG1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Classification">A-ATPase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">found in Archea</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/P-type_ATPase" title="P-type ATPase">P-type ATPase</a> (3.A.3)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>3.A.3.1.1: <a href="/wiki/Na%2B/K%2B-ATPase" class="mw-redirect" title="Na+/K+-ATPase">Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> transporting</a>: <a href="/wiki/ATP1A1" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP1A1">ATP1A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1A2" title="ATP1A2">ATP1A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1A3" title="ATP1A3">ATP1A3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1A4" title="ATP1A4">ATP1A4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1B1" title="ATP1B1">ATP1B1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP1B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP1B2 (page does not exist)">ATP1B2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1B3" title="ATP1B3">ATP1B3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP1B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP1B4 (page does not exist)">ATP1B4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP1G1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP1G1 (page does not exist)">ATP1G1</a></li></ul> <ul><li>3.A.3.1.2: <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_potassium_ATPase" title="Hydrogen potassium ATPase">H<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_potassium_ATPase" title="Hydrogen potassium ATPase">H<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> exchanging</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP4A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP4A (page does not exist)">ATP4A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP4B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP4B (page does not exist)">ATP4B</a></li></ul> <ul><li>3.A.3.1.4: H<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> transporting, nongastric: <a href="/wiki/ATP12A" title="ATP12A">ATP12A</a></li></ul> <ul><li>3.A.3.2: <a href="/wiki/Calcium_ATPase" title="Calcium ATPase">Ca<sup>2+</sup></a> (<a href="/wiki/SERCA" title="SERCA">SERCA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plasma_membrane_Ca%C2%B2%E2%81%BA_ATPase" class="mw-redirect" title="Plasma membrane Ca²⁺ ATPase">PMCA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretory_Pathway_Ca%C2%B2%E2%81%BA_ATPase" title="Secretory Pathway Ca²⁺ ATPase">SPCA</a>) / <a href="/wiki/Calcium_ATPase" title="Calcium ATPase">Ca<sup>2+</sup> transporting</a>: <a href="/wiki/ATP2A1" title="ATP2A1">ATP2A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2A2" title="ATP2A2">ATP2A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2A3" title="ATP2A3">ATP2A3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B1" title="ATP2B1">ATP2B1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B2" title="ATP2B2">ATP2B2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B3" title="ATP2B3">ATP2B3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B4" title="ATP2B4">ATP2B4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2C1" title="ATP2C1">ATP2C1</a></li></ul> <ul><li>3.A.3.5: Cu<sup>2+</sup> transporting: <a href="/wiki/ATP7A" title="ATP7A">ATP7A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_disease_protein" title="Wilson disease protein">ATP7B</a></li></ul> <ul><li>3.A.3.8.8: <a href="/wiki/Flippase" title="Flippase">flippase</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP8A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP8A2 (page does not exist)">ATP8A2</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Other/ungrouped:</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Na%2B/K%2B-ATPase" class="mw-redirect" title="Na+/K+-ATPase">Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup></a> – <a href="/wiki/Proton_ATPase" title="Proton ATPase">H<sup>+</sup></a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mg%2B%2B_transporting" class="mw-redirect" title="Mg++ transporting">Mg<sup>2+</sup> transporting</a>: <a href="/wiki/ATP3" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP3">ATP3</a></li> <li>Class I, type 8: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP8A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP8A1 (page does not exist)">ATP8A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP8B1" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP8B1">ATP8B1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP8B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP8B2 (page does not exist)">ATP8B2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP8B3" title="ATP8B3">ATP8B3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP8B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP8B4 (page does not exist)">ATP8B4</a></li> <li>Class II, type 9: <a href="/wiki/ATP9A" title="ATP9A">ATP9A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP9B (page does not exist)">ATP9B</a></li> <li>Class V, type 10: <a href="/wiki/ATP10A" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP10A">ATP10A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP10B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP10B (page does not exist)">ATP10B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP10D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP10D (page does not exist)">ATP10D</a></li> <li>Class VI, type 11: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP11A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP11A (page does not exist)">ATP11A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP11B" title="ATP11B">ATP11B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP11C" title="ATP11C">ATP11C</a></li> <li>type 13: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP13A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP13A1 (page does not exist)">ATP13A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP13A2" title="ATP13A2">ATP13A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP13A3" title="ATP13A3">ATP13A3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP13A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP13A4 (page does not exist)">ATP13A4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP13A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP13A5 (page does not exist)">ATP13A5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: AntiqueWhite"><div><i>see also <a href="/wiki/Template:ATPase_disorders" title="Template:ATPase disorders">ATPase disorders</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hydrolases:_acid_anhydride_hydrolases_(EC_3.6)310" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Acid_anhydride_hydrolases" title="Template:Acid anhydride hydrolases"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Acid_anhydride_hydrolases" title="Template talk:Acid anhydride hydrolases"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Acid_anhydride_hydrolases" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Acid anhydride hydrolases"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hydrolases:_acid_anhydride_hydrolases_(EC_3.6)310" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hydrolase" title="Hydrolase">Hydrolases</a>: <a href="/wiki/Acid_anhydride_hydrolases" title="Acid anhydride hydrolases">acid anhydride hydrolases</a> (<a href="/wiki/Enzyme_Commission_number" title="Enzyme Commission number">EC</a> 3.6)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)#3.6.1" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">3.6.1</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pyrophosphatase" title="Pyrophosphatase">Pyrophosphatase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inorganic_pyrophosphatase" title="Inorganic pyrophosphatase">Inorganic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiamine_pyrophosphatase" class="mw-redirect" title="Thiamine pyrophosphatase">Thiamine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apyrase" title="Apyrase">Apyrase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiamine-triphosphatase" title="Thiamine-triphosphatase">Thiamine-triphosphatase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)#3.6.2" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">3.6.2</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adenylylsulfatase" title="Adenylylsulfatase">Adenylylsulfatase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphoadenylylsulfatase" title="Phosphoadenylylsulfatase">Phosphoadenylylsulfatase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)#3.6.3" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">3.6.3</a>-<a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)#3.6.4" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">4</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">ATPase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.3</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cu++ (3.6.3.4)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP7A" title="ATP7A">Menkes/ATP7A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_disease_protein" title="Wilson disease protein">Wilson/ATP7B</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calcium_ATPase" title="Calcium ATPase">Ca+</a> (3.6.3.8)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SERCA" title="SERCA">SERCA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP2A1" title="ATP2A1">ATP2A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2A2" title="ATP2A2">ATP2A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2A3" title="ATP2A3">ATP2A3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plasma_membrane_Ca2%2B_ATPase" title="Plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase">Plasma membrane</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B1" title="ATP2B1">ATP2B1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B2" title="ATP2B2">ATP2B2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B3" title="ATP2B3">ATP2B3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B4" title="ATP2B4">ATP2B4</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretory_Pathway_Ca%C2%B2%E2%81%BA_ATPase" title="Secretory Pathway Ca²⁺ ATPase">SPCA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP2C1" title="ATP2C1">ATP2C1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP2C2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP2C2 (page does not exist)">ATP2C2</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Na%2B/K%2B-ATPase" class="mw-redirect" title="Na+/K+-ATPase">Na+/K+</a> (3.6.3.9)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATPase,_Na%2B/K%2B_transporting,_alpha_1" title="ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 1">ATP1A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1A2" title="ATP1A2">ATP1A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1A3" title="ATP1A3">ATP1A3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1A4" title="ATP1A4">ATP1A4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1B1" title="ATP1B1">ATP1B1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP1B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP1B2 (page does not exist)">ATP1B2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1B3" title="ATP1B3">ATP1B3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP1B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP1B4 (page does not exist)">ATP1B4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_potassium_ATPase" title="Hydrogen potassium ATPase">H+/K+</a> (3.6.3.10)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP4A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP4A (page does not exist)">ATP4A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/P-type_ATPase" title="P-type ATPase">P-type ATPase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP8B1" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP8B1">ATP8B1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP10A" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP10A">ATP10A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP11B" title="ATP11B">ATP11B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP12A" title="ATP12A">ATP12A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP13A2" title="ATP13A2">ATP13A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP13A3" title="ATP13A3">ATP13A3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.4</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynein" title="Dynein">Dynein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinesin" title="Kinesin">Kinesin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myosin" title="Myosin">Myosin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katanin" title="Katanin">Katanin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)#3.6.5" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">3.6.5</a>: <a href="/wiki/GTPase" title="GTPase">GTPase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.5.1: <a href="/wiki/Heterotrimeric_G_protein" title="Heterotrimeric G protein">Heterotrimeric G protein</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gs_alpha_subunit" title="Gs alpha subunit">G<sub>αs</sub></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olfactory_receptor" title="Olfactory receptor">G<sub>olf</sub></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gi_alpha_subunit" title="Gi alpha subunit">G<sub>αi</sub></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNAI1" title="GNAI1">GNAI1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAI2" title="GNAI2">GNAI2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAI3" title="GNAI3">GNAI3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transducin" title="Transducin">Transducin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNAT1" title="GNAT1">GNAT1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAT2" title="GNAT2">GNAT2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustducin" title="Gustducin">Gustducin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNAT3" title="GNAT3">GNAT3</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gq_alpha_subunit" title="Gq alpha subunit">G<sub>αq/11</sub></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNAQ" title="GNAQ">GNAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNA11" title="GNA11">GNA11</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G12/G13_alpha_subunits" title="G12/G13 alpha subunits">G<sub>α12/13</sub></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNA12" title="GNA12">GNA12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNA13" title="GNA13">GNA13</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.5.2: <a href="/wiki/Small_GTPase" title="Small GTPase">Small GTPase</a> > <a href="/wiki/Ras_superfamily" title="Ras superfamily">Ras superfamily</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rho_family_of_GTPases" title="Rho family of GTPases">Rho family of GTPases</a>: <i>Cdc42</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CDC42" title="CDC42">CDC42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TC10_protein" class="mw-redirect" title="TC10 protein">TC10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TCL_(GTPase)" title="TCL (GTPase)">TCL</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>RhoUV</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wrch1" title="Wrch1">RhoU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chp_(GTPase)" title="Chp (GTPase)">RhoV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rac_(GTPase)" title="Rac (GTPase)">Rac</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAC1" title="RAC1">Rac1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAC2" title="RAC2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rac3" class="mw-redirect" title="Rac3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RhoG" title="RhoG">RhoG</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>RhoBTB</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RHOBTB1" title="RHOBTB1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RHOBTB2" title="RHOBTB2">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RhoH" title="RhoH">RhoH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rho_family_of_GTPases" title="Rho family of GTPases">Rho</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RHOA" class="mw-redirect" title="RHOA">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RHOB" title="RHOB">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RhoC" title="RhoC">C</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rnd_(GTPase)" title="Rnd (GTPase)">Rnd</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rnd1" title="Rnd1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rnd2" title="Rnd2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rnd3" title="Rnd3">3</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>RhoDF</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rif_(GTPase)" title="Rif (GTPase)">RhoF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RhoD" title="RhoD">RhoD</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>other: <a href="/wiki/Ras_subfamily" class="mw-redirect" title="Ras subfamily">Ras</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HRAS" title="HRAS">HRAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KRAS" title="KRAS">KRAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuroblastoma_RAS_viral_oncogene_homolog" title="Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog">NRAS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rab_(G-protein)" title="Rab (G-protein)">Rab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAB23" title="RAB23">RAB23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAB27" title="RAB27">RAB27</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADP_ribosylation_factor" title="ADP ribosylation factor">Arf</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARF6" title="ARF6">ARF6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAR1B" class="mw-redirect" title="SAR1B">SAR1B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARL13B" title="ARL13B">ARL13B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARL6" title="ARL6">ARL6</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ran_(gene)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ran (gene)">Ran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RHEB" title="RHEB">Rheb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_GTP-binding_protein" title="Rap GTP-binding protein">Rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RRAD_(gene)" title="RRAD (gene)">RGK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.5.3: <a href="/wiki/Protein-synthesizing_GTPase" title="Protein-synthesizing GTPase">Protein-synthesizing GTPase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prokaryotic_elongation_factors" class="mw-redirect" title="Prokaryotic elongation factors">Prokaryotic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prokaryotic_initiation_factor-2" class="mw-redirect" title="Prokaryotic initiation factor-2">IF-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EF-Tu" title="EF-Tu">EF-Tu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EF-G" title="EF-G">EF-G</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eukaryotic_elongation_factors" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukaryotic elongation factors">Eukaryotic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.5.5-6: <a href="/wiki/Molecular_motor" title="Molecular motor">Polymerization motors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynamin_superfamily" title="Dynamin 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class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Enzymes" title="Template:Enzymes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Enzymes" title="Template talk:Enzymes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Enzymes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Enzymes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Enzymes56" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">Enzymes</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Activity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Active_site" title="Active site">Active site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binding_site" title="Binding site">Binding site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalytic_triad" title="Catalytic triad">Catalytic triad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxyanion_hole" title="Oxyanion hole">Oxyanion hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enzyme_promiscuity" title="Enzyme promiscuity">Enzyme promiscuity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diffusion-limited_enzyme" title="Diffusion-limited enzyme">Diffusion-limited enzyme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cofactor_(biochemistry)" title="Cofactor (biochemistry)">Cofactor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enzyme_catalysis" title="Enzyme catalysis">Enzyme catalysis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regulation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allosteric_regulation" title="Allosteric regulation">Allosteric regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooperativity" title="Cooperativity">Cooperativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enzyme_inhibitor" title="Enzyme inhibitor">Enzyme inhibitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enzyme_activator" title="Enzyme activator">Enzyme activator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enzyme_Commission_number" title="Enzyme Commission number">EC number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protein_superfamily" title="Protein superfamily">Enzyme superfamily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protein_family" title="Protein family">Enzyme family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_enzymes" title="List of enzymes">List of enzymes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kinetics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enzyme_kinetics" title="Enzyme kinetics">Enzyme kinetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eadie%E2%80%93Hofstee_diagram" title="Eadie–Hofstee diagram">Eadie–Hofstee diagram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanes%E2%80%93Woolf_plot" title="Hanes–Woolf plot">Hanes–Woolf plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lineweaver%E2%80%93Burk_plot" title="Lineweaver–Burk plot">Lineweaver–Burk plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michaelis%E2%80%93Menten_kinetics" title="Michaelis–Menten kinetics">Michaelis–Menten kinetics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>EC1 <a href="/wiki/Oxidoreductase" title="Oxidoreductase">Oxidoreductases</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_1)" title="List of EC numbers (EC 1)">list</a>)</li> <li><b>EC2 <a href="/wiki/Transferase" title="Transferase">Transferases</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_2)" title="List of EC numbers (EC 2)">list</a>)</li> <li><b>EC3 <a href="/wiki/Hydrolase" title="Hydrolase">Hydrolases</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">list</a>)</li> <li><b>EC4 <a href="/wiki/Lyase" title="Lyase">Lyases</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_4)" title="List of EC numbers (EC 4)">list</a>)</li> <li><b>EC5 <a href="/wiki/Isomerase" title="Isomerase">Isomerases</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_5)" title="List of EC numbers (EC 5)">list</a>)</li> <li><b>EC6 <a href="/wiki/Ligase" title="Ligase">Ligases</a></b> (<a 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