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hydroxy acid</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: alpha hydroxy acid"> <meta name="keywords" content="alpha hydroxy acid"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="alpha hydroxy acid"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4094</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: alpha hydroxy acid</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4094</span> Anti-Aging Effects of Retinol and Alpha Hydroxy Acid on Elastin Fibers of Artificially Photo-Aged Human Dermal Fibroblast Cell Lines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Jarrar">Mohammed Jarrar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shalini%20Behl"> Shalini Behl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadia%20Shaheen"> Nadia Shaheen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abeer%20Fatima"> Abeer Fatima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reem%20Nasab"> Reem Nasab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Skin aging is a slow multifactorial process influenced by both internal as well as external factors. Ultra-violet radiations (UV), diet, smoking and personal habits are the most common environmental factors that affect skin aging. Fat contents and fibrous proteins as collagen and elastin are core internal structural components. The direct influence of UV on elastin integrity and health is crucial on aging of skin by time. The deposition of abnormal elastic material is a major marker in a photo-aged skin. Searching for compounds that may protect against cutaneous photo-damage is highly valued. Retinoids and Alpha Hydroxy Acids protective and or repairing effects of UV have been endorsed by some researchers. For consolidating a better understanding of anti and protective effects of such anti-aging agents, we evaluated the combinatory effects of various dosages of lactic acid and retinol on the dermal fibroblasts elastin levels exposed to UV. The UV exposed cells showed significant reduction in the elastin levels. A combination of drugs with a higher concentration of lactic acid (30-35 mM) and a lower concentration of retinol (10-15mg/mL) showed to work better in enhancing elastin concentration in UV exposed cells. We assume this enhancement could be the result of increased tropo-elastin gene expression stimulated by retinol and lactic acid probably repaired the UV irradiated damage by enhancing the amount and integrity of the elastin fibers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha%20hydroxy%20acid" title="alpha hydroxy acid">alpha hydroxy acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastin" title=" elastin"> elastin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retinol" title=" retinol"> retinol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultraviolet%20radiations" title=" ultraviolet radiations"> ultraviolet radiations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26855/anti-aging-effects-of-retinol-and-alpha-hydroxy-acid-on-elastin-fibers-of-artificially-photo-aged-human-dermal-fibroblast-cell-lines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26855.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4093</span> Acanthopanax koreanum and Major Ingredient, Impressic Acid, Possess Matrix Metalloproteinase-13 Down-Regulating Capacity and Protect Cartilage Destruction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun%20Lim">Hyun Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20Sook%20Min"> Dong Sook Min</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han%20Eul%20Yun"> Han Eul Yun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kil%20Tae%20Kim"> Kil Tae Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya%20Nan%20Sun"> Ya Nan Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Ho%20Kim"> Young Ho Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun%20Pyo%20Kim"> Hyun Pyo Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 has an important role for degrading cartilage materials under inflammatory conditions such as arthritis. Since the 70% ethanol extract of Acanthopanax koreanum inhibited MMP-13 expression in IL-1β-treated human chondrocyte cell line, SW1353, two major constituents including acanthoic acid and impressic acid were initially isolated from the same plant materials and their MMP-13 down-regulating capacity was examined. In IL-1β-treated SW1353 cells, acanthoic acid and impressic acid significantly and concentration-dependently inhibited MMP-13 expression at 10 – 100 μM and 0.5 – 10 μM, respectively. The potent one, impressic acid, was found to inhibit MMP-13 expression by blocking the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-1/-2 (STAT-1/-2) and activation of c-Jun and c-Fos among cellular signaling pathway involved, but did not affect the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB). Further, impressic acid was also found to inhibit the expression of MMP-13 mRNA (47.7% inhibition at 10 μM), the glycosaminoglycan release (42.2% reduction at 10 μM) and proteoglycan loss in IL-1-treated rabbit cartilage explants culture. For a further study, 21 impressic acid derivatives were isolated from the same plant materials and their suppressive activities against MMP-13 expression were examined. Among the derivatives, 3α-hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-23-oxo,28-oic acid, (20R)-3α-hydroxy-29-dimethoxylupan-23,28-dioic acid, acankoreoside F and acantrifoside A clearly down-regulated MMP-13 expression, but impressic acid being most potent. All these results suggest that impressic acid, 3α-hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-23-oxo,28-oic acid, (20R)-3α-hydroxy-29-dimethoxylupan-23,28-dioic acid, acankoreoside F, acantrifoside A and A. koreanum may have a potential for therapeutic agents to prevent cartilage degradation possibly by inhibiting matrix protein degradation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acanthoic%20acid" title="acanthoic acid">acanthoic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Acanthopanax%20koreanum" title=" Acanthopanax koreanum"> Acanthopanax koreanum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cartilage" title=" cartilage"> cartilage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impressic%20acid" title=" impressic acid"> impressic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix%20metalloproteinase" title=" matrix metalloproteinase"> matrix metalloproteinase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57571/acanthopanax-koreanum-and-major-ingredient-impressic-acid-possess-matrix-metalloproteinase-13-down-regulating-capacity-and-protect-cartilage-destruction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57571.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4092</span> Cardioprotective Effect of Oleanolic Acid and Urosolic Acid against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sameer%20N.%20Goyal">Sameer N. Goyal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandragauda%20R.%20Patil"> Chandragauda R. Patil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oleanolic acid (3/3-hydroxy-olea-12-en-28-oic acid) and its isomer, Ursolic acid (38-hydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid) are triterpenoids compounds which exist widely in plant kingdom in the free acid form or as glycosidic triterpenoids saponins. The aim of the study is to evaluate intravenously administered oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity was induced in albino wistar rat with single intravenous injection of doxorubicin at dose of 67.75mg/kg i.v for 48 hrs at 12 hrs interval following doxorubicin administration in the same model cardioprotective effect of amifostine (90 mg/kg i.v, single dose prior 30 min before doxorubicin administration) was evaluated as standard treatment. Induction of cardiotoxicity was confirmed by rise in cardiac markers in serum such as CK–MB, LDH and also by electrocardiographically. The doxorubicin treated group significantly increased in QT interval, serum CK-MB, serum LDH, SGOT, SGPT and antioxidant parameter. Both the treatment group showed significant protective effect on Hemodynamic, electrocardiographic, biochemical, and antioxidant parameters. The oleanolic acid showed slight protective effect in histological lesions in doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity. Hence, the results indicate that Oleanolic acid has more cardioprotective potential than ursolic acid against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity in rats. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardioprotection" title="cardioprotection">cardioprotection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doxorubicin" title=" doxorubicin"> doxorubicin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oleanolic%20acid" title=" oleanolic acid"> oleanolic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ursolic%20acid" title=" ursolic acid"> ursolic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23229/cardioprotective-effect-of-oleanolic-acid-and-urosolic-acid-against-doxorubicin-induced-cardiotoxicity-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23229.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">528</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4091</span> Effects of Alpha Lipoic Acid on Limb Lengths in Neonatal Rats Exposed to Maternal Tobacco Smoke</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramazan%20F.%20Akkoc">Ramazan F. Akkoc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elif%20Erdem"> Elif Erdem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nalan%20Kaya"> Nalan Kaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gonca%20Ozan"> Gonca Ozan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20%C3%96zlem%20Dabak"> D. Özlem Dabak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enver%20Ozan"> Enver Ozan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Maternal tobacco smoke exposure is known to cause growth retardation in the neonatal skeletal system. Alpha lipoic acid, a natural antioxidant found in some foods, limits the activities of osteoclasts and supports the osteoblast's bone formation mechanism. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) on the height, long bones and tail lengths of pups exposed to maternal tobacco smoke. The rats were divided into four groups: 1) control group, 2) tobacco smoke group, 3) tobacco smoke + ALA group, and 4) ALA group. Rats in the group 2 (tobacco smoke), group 3 (tobacco smoke + ALA) were exposed to tobacco smoke twice a day for one hour starting from eight weeks before mating and during pregnancy. In addition to tobacco smoke, 20 mg/kg of alpha lipoic acid was administered via oral gavage to the rats in the group 3 (tobacco smoke + ALA). Only alpha lipoic acid was administered to the rats in the group 4. On day 21 postpartum, the height and tail lengths of the pups in all groups were measured, and the length of the extremity long bones was measured after decapitation. All morphometric measurements performed in group 2 (tobacco smoke) showed a significant decrease compared to group 1 (control), while all measurements in group 3 (tobacco smoke + ALA) showed a significant increase compared to group 2 (tobacco smoke). It has been shown that ALA has a protective effect against the regression of height, long bones and tail lengths of pups exposed to maternal tobacco smoke. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha%20lipoic%20acid" title="alpha lipoic acid">alpha lipoic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone" title=" bone"> bone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphometry" title=" morphometry"> morphometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rat" title=" rat"> rat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tobacco%20smoke" title=" tobacco smoke"> tobacco smoke</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74245/effects-of-alpha-lipoic-acid-on-limb-lengths-in-neonatal-rats-exposed-to-maternal-tobacco-smoke" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74245.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4090</span> Anti-Bacterial Activity Studies of Derivatives of 6β-Hydroxy Betunolic Acid against Selected Stains of Gram (+) and Gram (-) Bacteria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Jayasinghe">S. Jayasinghe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20G.%20D.%20%20Wickramasingha"> W. G. D. Wickramasingha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20%20Karunaratne"> V. Karunaratne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20N.%20Karunaratne"> D. N. Karunaratne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ekanayake"> A. Ekanayake</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Multi-drug resistant microbial pathogens are a serious global health problem, and hence, there is an urgent necessity for discovering new drug therapeutics. However, finding alternatives is a one of the biggest challenges faced by the global drug industry due to the spiraling high cost and serious side effects associated with modern medicine. On the other hand, plants and their secondary metabolites can be considered as good sources of scaffolds to provide structurally diverse bioactive compounds as potential therapeutic agents. 6β-hydroxy betunolic acid is a triterpenoid isolated from bark of Schumacheria castaneifolia which is an endemic plant to Sri Lanka which has shown antibacterial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus with Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) of 16 µg/ml. The objective of this study was to determine the anti-bacterial activity for the derivatives of 6β- hydroxy betunolic acid against standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213 and ATCC 25923), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Escherichia coli (ATCC 35218 and ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), carbepenemas produce Kebsiella pneumonia (ATCC BAA 1705) and carbepenemas non produce Kebsiella pneumonia (ATCC BAA 1706) and four stains of clinically isolated methicillin resistance S. aureus and Acinetobacter. Structural analogues of 6β-hydroxy betunolic acid were synthesized by modifying the carbonyl group at C-3 to obtain olefin and oxime, the hydroxyl group at C-6 position to a ketone, the carboxylic acid at C-17 to obtain amide and halo ester and the olefin group at C-20 position to obtain epoxide. Chemical structures of the synthesized analogues were confirmed with spectroscopic data and antibacterial activity was determined through broth micro dilution assay. Results revealed that 6β- hydroxy betunolic acid shows significant antibacterial activity only against the Gram positive strains and it was inactive against all the tested Gram negative strains for the tested concentration range. However, structural modifications into oxime and olefin at C-3, ketone at C-6 and epoxide at C-20 decreased its antibacterial activity against the gram positive organisms and it was totally lost with the both modifications at C-17 into amide and ester. These results concluded that the antibacterial activity of 6β- hydroxy betunolic acid and derivatives is predominantly depending on the cell wall difference of the bacteria and the presence of carboxylic acid at C-17 is highly important for the antibacterial activity against Gram positive organisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title="antibacterial activity">antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=6%CE%B2-%20hydroxy%20betunolic%20acid" title=" 6β- hydroxy betunolic acid"> 6β- hydroxy betunolic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broth%20micro%20dilution%20assay" title=" broth micro dilution assay"> broth micro dilution assay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structure%20activity%20relationship" title=" structure activity relationship"> structure activity relationship</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121359/anti-bacterial-activity-studies-of-derivatives-of-6v-hydroxy-betunolic-acid-against-selected-stains-of-gram-and-gram-bacteria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4089</span> Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids from the Aerial Parts of Alyssum alyssoides</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20St.%20Tsiftsoglou">Olga St. Tsiftsoglou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diamanto%20M.%20Lazari"> Diamanto M. Lazari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eugene%20L.%20Kokkalou"> Eugene L. Kokkalou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most of Alyssum species of Brassicaceae family have been mainly studied for their contribution in ecology. In this study, A. alyssoides was examined for its chemical substitutes. The methanol extract of its aerial parts was fractionated with liquid-liquid extraction (distribution) with four different solvents of increasing polarity: diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, 1-butanol and water. The diethyl ether and ethyl acetate extracts were further studied for their chemical composition. So far, secondary metabolites which belong to phenolics were isolated by using several chromatographic methods (C.C. and HPLC) and were identified by using spectroscopic methods (UV/Vis, NMR and MS): two phenolic acids (p-hydroxy-benzoic acid and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-benzoic acid (vanillic acid)), and five flavonoids, which are derivatives of flavonol: kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (astragalin), kaempferol 3-O-(6′′-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (nicotiflorin), quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (isoquercetin), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and isoramnetin 3-O-(6′′-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (narcissin). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alyssum" title="Alyssum">Alyssum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20substitutes" title=" chemical substitutes"> chemical substitutes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoids" title=" flavonoids"> flavonoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenolic%20acids" title=" phenolic acids"> phenolic acids</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58452/flavonoids-and-phenolic-acids-from-the-aerial-parts-of-alyssum-alyssoides" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58452.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4088</span> Alpha Lipoic Acid: An Antioxidant for Infertility</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chiara%20Di%20Tucci">Chiara Di Tucci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giulia%20Galati"> Giulia Galati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giulia%20Mattei"> Giulia Mattei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valentina%20Bonanni"> Valentina Bonanni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oriana%20Capri"> Oriana Capri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renzo%20D%27Amelio"> Renzo D'Amelio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ludovico%20Muzii"> Ludovico Muzii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pierluigi%20Benedetti%20Panici"> Pierluigi Benedetti Panici</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Infertility is an increasingly frequent health condition, which may depend on female or male factors. Oxidative stress (OS), resulting from a disrupted balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protective antioxidants, affects the reproductive lifespan of men and women. In this review, we examine if alpha lipoic acid (ALA), among the oral supplements currently in use, has an evidence-based beneficial role in the context of female and male infertility. Methods: We performed a search from English literature using the PubMed database with the following keywords: 'female infertility', 'male infertility', 'semen', 'sperm', 'sub-fertile man', 'alpha-lipoic acid', ' alpha lipoic acid', 'lipoid acid', 'endometriosis', 'chronic pelvic pain', 'follicular fluid' and 'oocytes'. We included clinical trials, multicentric studies, and reviews. The total number of references found after automatically and manually excluding duplicates was 180. After the primary and secondary screening, 28 articles were selected. Results: The available literature demonstrates the positive effects of ALA in multiple processes, from oocyte maturation (0.87 ± 0.9% of oocyte in MII vs 0.81 ± 3.9%; p < .05) to fertilization, embryo development (57.7% vs 75.7% grade 1 embryo; p < .05) and reproductive outcomes. Its regular administration both in sub-fertile women and men has been shown to reduce pelvic pain in endometriosis (p < .05), regularize menstrual flow and metabolic disorders (p < .01), and improve sperm quality (p < .001). Conclusions: ALA represents a promising new molecule in the field of couple infertility. More clinical studies are needed in order to enhance its use in clinical practice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha%20lipoic%20acid" title="alpha lipoic acid">alpha lipoic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endometriosis" title=" endometriosis"> endometriosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infertility" title=" infertility"> infertility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=male%20factor" title=" male factor"> male factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polycystic%20ovary%20syndrome" title=" polycystic ovary syndrome"> polycystic ovary syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162536/alpha-lipoic-acid-an-antioxidant-for-infertility" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162536.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4087</span> Copper Related Toxicity of 1-Hydroxy-2-Thiopyridines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20G.%20Salina">Elena G. Salina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vadim%20A.%20Makarov"> Vadim A. Makarov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the emergence of primary resistance to the current drugs and wide distribution of latent tuberculosis infection, a need for new compounds with a novel mode of action is growing steadily. Copper-mediated innate immunity and antibacterial toxicity propose novel strategies in TB drug discovery and development. Transcriptome of M. tuberculosis was obtained by RNA-seq, intracellular copper content was measured by ISP MS and complexes of 1-hydroxy-2-thiopyridines with copper were detected by HPLC.1-hydroxy-2-thiopyridine derivatives were found to be highly active in vitro against both actively growing and dormant non-culturable M. tuberculosis. Transcriptome response to 1-hydroxy-2-thiopyridines revealed signs of copper toxicity in M. tuberculosis bacilli. Indeed, Cu was found to accumulate inside cells treated with 1-hydroxy-2-thiopyridines. These compounds were found to form stable charged lipophylic complexes with Cu²⁺ ions which transport into mycobacterial cell. Subsequent metabolic destruction of the complex led to transformation of 1-hydroxy-2-thiopyridines into 2-methylmercapto-2-ethoxycarbonylpyridines, which did not possess antitubercular activity and releasing of free Cu²⁺ in the cytoplasm. 1-hydroxy-2-thiopyridines are a potent class of Cu-dependent inhibitors of M. tuberculosis which may control M. tuberculosis infection by impairment of copper homeostasis. Acknowledgment: This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the RussianFederation (Agreement No 14.616.21.0065; unique identifier RFMEFI61616X0065). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper%20toxicity" title="copper toxicity">copper toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20discovery" title=" drug discovery"> drug discovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20tuberculosis%20inhibitors" title=" M. tuberculosis inhibitors"> M. tuberculosis inhibitors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2-thiopyridines" title=" 2-thiopyridines"> 2-thiopyridines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88311/copper-related-toxicity-of-1-hydroxy-2-thiopyridines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4086</span> Chemical and Electrochemical Syntheses of Two Organic Components of Ginger</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adrienn%20Kiss">Adrienn Kiss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karoly%20Zauer"> Karoly Zauer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyorgy%20Keglevich"> Gyorgy Keglevich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rita%20Molnarne%20Bernath"> Rita Molnarne Bernath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a perennial plant from Southeast Asia, widely used as a spice, herb, and medicine for many illnesses since its beneficial health effects were observed thousands of years ago. Among the compounds found in ginger, zingerone [4-hydroxy-3- methoxyphenyl-2-butanone] deserves special attention: it has an anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic effect, it can be used in case of diarrheal disease, helps to prevent the formation of blood clots, has antimicrobial properties, and can also play a role in preventing the Alzheimer's disease. Ferulic acid [(E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-prop-2-enoic acid] is another cinnamic acid derivative in ginger, which has promising properties. Like many phenolic compounds, ferulic acid is also an antioxidant. Based on the results of animal experiments, it is assumed to have a direct antitumoral effect in lung and liver cancer. It also deactivates free radicals that can damage the cell membrane and the DNA and helps to protect the skin against UV radiation. The aim of this work was to synthesize these two compounds by new methods. A few of the reactions were based on the hydrogenation of dehydrozingerone [4-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-one] to zingerone. Dehydrozingerone can be synthesized by a relatively simple method from acetone and vanillin with good yield (80%, melting point: 41 °C). Hydrogenation can be carried out chemically, for example by the reaction of zinc and acetic acid, or Grignard magnesium and ethyl alcohol. Another way to complete the reduction is the electrochemical pathway. The electrolysis of dehydrozingerone without diaphragm in aqueous media was attempted to produce ferulic acid in the presence of sodium carbonate and potassium iodide using platinum electrodes. The electrolysis of dehydrozingerone in the presence of potassium carbonate and acetic acid to prepare zingerone was carried out similarly. Ferulic acid was expected to be converted to dihydroferulic acid [3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid] in potassium hydroxide solution using iron electrodes, separating the anode and cathode space with a Soxhlet paper sheath impregnated with saturated magnesium chloride solution. For this reaction, ferulic acid was synthesized from vanillin and malonic acid in the presence of pyridine and piperidine (yield: 88.7%, melting point: 173°C). Unfortunately, in many cases, the expected transformations did not happen or took place in low conversions, although gas evolution occurred. Thus, a deeper understanding of these experiments and optimization are needed. Since both compounds are found in different plants, they can also be obtained by alkaline extraction or steam distillation from distinct plant parts (ferulic acid from ground bamboo shoots, zingerone from grated ginger root). The products of these reactions are rich in several other organic compounds as well; therefore, their separation must be solved to get the desired pure material. The products of the reactions described above were characterized by infrared spectral data and melting points. The use of these two simple methods may be informative for the formation of the products. In the future, we would like to study the ferulic acid and zingerone content of other plants and extract them efficiently. The optimization of electrochemical reactions and the use of other test methods are also among our plans. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferulic%20acid" title="ferulic acid">ferulic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ginger" title=" ginger"> ginger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthesis" title=" synthesis"> synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zingerone" title=" zingerone"> zingerone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82801/chemical-and-electrochemical-syntheses-of-two-organic-components-of-ginger" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82801.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4085</span> The Investigation of Effect of Alpha Lipoic Acid against Damage on Neonatal Rat Lung to Maternal Tobacco Smoke Exposure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elif%20Erdem">Elif Erdem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nalan%20Kaya"> Nalan Kaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gonca%20Ozan"> Gonca Ozan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Durrin%20Ozlem%20Dabak"> Durrin Ozlem Dabak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enver%20Ozan"> Enver Ozan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was carried out to determine the histological and biochemical changes in the lungs of the rat pups exposed to tobacco smoke during pregnancy period and to investigate the protective effects of alpha lipoic acid, which is administered during pregnancy, on these changes. In our study, 24 six-week old Spraque-Dawley female rats weighing 160 ± 10 g were used (n:7). Rats were randomly divided into four equal groups: group I (control), group II (tobacco smoke), group III (tobacco smoke + alpha lipoic acid) and group IV (alpha lipoic acid). Rats in the group II, group III were exposed to tobacco smoke twice a day for one hour starting from eight weeks before mating and during pregnancy. In addition to tobacco smoke, 20 mg/kg of alpha lipoic acid was administered via oral gavage to the rats in the group III. Only alpha lipoic acid was administered to the rats in the group IV. Once after the delivery, all administrations were stopped. On the 7 and 21th days, the seven pups of all groups were decapitated. A portion of the lung was taken and stained with HE, PAS and Masson. In addition to immunohistochemical staining of surfactant protein A, vascular endothelial growth factor, caspase-3, TUNEL method was also used to determine apoptosis. Biochemical analyzes were performed with some part of the lung tissue specimens. In the histological evaluations performed under light microscopy, inflammatory cell increase, hemorrhagic areas, edema, interalveolar septal thickening, alveolar numbers decrease, degeneration of some bronchi and bronchial epithelium, epithelial cells that were fallen into the lumen and hyaline membrane formation were observed in tobacco smoke group. These findings were ameliorated in tobacco smoke + ALA group. Hyaline membrane formation was not detected in this group. The TUNEL positive cell numbers a significant increase was detected in the tobacco smoke group, whereas a significant decrease was detected in the tobacco smoke + ALA group. In terms of the immunoreactivity of both SP-A and VEGF, a significant decrease was observed in the tobacco smoke group, and a significant increase was observed in the tobacco smoke + ALA group. Regarding the immunoreactivity of caspase-3, there was a significant increase in the group of tobacco smoke and a significant decrease in the group of tobacco smoke + ALA. The malondialdehyde levels were determined to be significantly increased in the tobacco smoke group, and a significant decreased in the tobacco smoke + ALA. Glutathione and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities showed a significant decrease in the group of tobacco smoke and a significant increase in the tobacco smoke + ALA group. In conclusion, we suggest that the exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy leads to morphological, histopathological and functional changes on lung development by causing oxidative damage in lung tissues of neonatal rats and the maternal use of alpha lipoic acid can provide a protective effect on the neonatal lung development against this oxidative stress originating from tobacco smoke. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha%20lipoic%20acid" title="alpha lipoic acid">alpha lipoic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lung" title=" lung"> lung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neonate" title=" neonate"> neonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tobacco%20smoke" title=" tobacco smoke"> tobacco smoke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy"> pregnancy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74246/the-investigation-of-effect-of-alpha-lipoic-acid-against-damage-on-neonatal-rat-lung-to-maternal-tobacco-smoke-exposure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74246.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4084</span> Production of Antimicrobial Agents against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus through the Biocatalysis of Vegetable Oils</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hak-Ryul%20Kim">Hak-Ryul Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyung-Geun%20Lee"> Hyung-Geun Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qi%20Long"> Qi Long</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ching%20Hou"> Ching Hou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Structural modification of natural lipids via chemical reaction or microbial bioconversion can change their properties or even create novel functionalities. Enzymatic oxidation of lipids leading to formation of oxylipin is one of those modifications. Hydroxy fatty acids, one of those oxylipins have gained important attentions because of their structural and functional properties compared with other non-hydroxy fatty acids. Recently 7,10-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid (DOD) was produced with high yield from lipid-containing oleic acid by microbial conversion, and the further study confirmed that DOD contained strong antimicrobial activities against a broad range of microorganisms. In this study, we tried to modify DOD molecules by the enzymatic or physical reaction to create new functionality or to enhance the antimicrobial activity of DOD. After modification of DOD molecules by different ways, we confirmed that the antimicrobial activity of DOD was highly enhanced and presented strong antimicrobial activities against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, suggesting that DOD and its derivatives can be used as efficient antimicrobial agents for medical and industrial applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biocatalysis" title="biocatalysis">biocatalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20agent" title=" antimicrobial agent"> antimicrobial agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multidrug-resistant%20bacteria" title=" multidrug-resistant bacteria"> multidrug-resistant bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetable%20oil" title=" vegetable oil"> vegetable oil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75239/production-of-antimicrobial-agents-against-multidrug-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-through-the-biocatalysis-of-vegetable-oils" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4083</span> Successful Immobilization of Alcohol Dehydrogenase on Natural and Synthetic Support and Its Reaction on Ethanol</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiral%20D.%20Trivedi">Hiral D. Trivedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dinesh%20S.%20Patel"> Dinesh S. Patel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sachin%20P.%20Shukla"> Sachin P. Shukla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have immobilized alcohol dehydrogenase on k-carrageenan, which is a natural polysaccharide obtained from seaweeds by entrapment and on copolymer of acrylamide and 2-hydroxy ethylmethaacrylate by covalent coupling. We have optimized all the immobilization parameters and also carried the comparison studies of both. In case of copolymer of acrylamide and 2-hydroxy ethylmethaacrylate, we have activated both the amino and hydroxyl group individually and simultaneously using different activating agents and obtained some interesting results. We have found that covalently bound enzyme was found to be better under all tested conditions. The reaction on ethanol was carried out using these immobilized systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20dehydrogenase" title="alcohol dehydrogenase">alcohol dehydrogenase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acrylamide-co-2-hydroxy%20ethylmethaacrylate" title=" acrylamide-co-2-hydroxy ethylmethaacrylate"> acrylamide-co-2-hydroxy ethylmethaacrylate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethanol" title=" ethanol"> ethanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=k-carrageenan" title=" k-carrageenan"> k-carrageenan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118413/successful-immobilization-of-alcohol-dehydrogenase-on-natural-and-synthetic-support-and-its-reaction-on-ethanol" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118413.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4082</span> Effect of Oxytocin on Cytosolic Calcium Concentration of Alpha and Beta Cells in Pancreas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rauza%20Sukma%20Rita">Rauza Sukma Rita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katsuya%20Dezaki"> Katsuya Dezaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuko%20Maejima"> Yuko Maejima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toshihiko%20Yada"> Toshihiko Yada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oxytocin is a nine-amino acid peptide synthesized in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus. Oxytocin promotes contraction of the uterus during birth and milk ejection during breast feeding. Although oxytocin receptors are found predominantly in the breasts and uterus of females, many tissues and organs express oxytocin receptors, including the pituitary, heart, kidney, thymus, vascular endothelium, adipocytes, osteoblasts, adrenal gland, pancreatic islets, and many cell lines. On the other hand, in pancreatic islets, oxytocin receptors are expressed in both α-cells and β-cells with stronger expression in α- cells. However, to our knowledge there are no reports yet about the effect of oxytocin on cytosolic calcium reaction on α and β-cell. This study aims to investigate the effect of oxytocin on α-cells and β-cells and its oscillation pattern. Islet of Langerhans from wild type mice were isolated by collagenase digestion. Isolated and dissociated single cells either α-cells or β-cells on coverslips were mounted in an open chamber and superfused in HKRB. Cytosolic concentration ([Ca2+]i) in single cells were measured by fura-2 microfluorimetry. After measurement of [Ca2+]i, α-cells were identified by subsequent immunocytochemical staining using an anti-glucagon antiserum. In β-cells, the [Ca2+]i increase in response to oxytocin was observed only under 8.3 mM glucose condition, whereas in α-cells, [Ca2+]i an increase induced by oxytocin was observed in both 2.8 mM and 8.3 mM glucose. The oscillation incidence was induced more frequently in β-cells compared to α-cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that oxytocin directly interacts with both α-cells and β-cells and induces increase of [Ca2+]i and its specific patterns. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B1-cells" title="α-cells">α-cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B2-cells" title=" β-cells"> β-cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytosolic%20calcium%20concentration" title=" cytosolic calcium concentration"> cytosolic calcium concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oscillation" title=" oscillation"> oscillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxytocin" title=" oxytocin"> oxytocin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58454/effect-of-oxytocin-on-cytosolic-calcium-concentration-of-alpha-and-beta-cells-in-pancreas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4081</span> Study of the Kinetic of the Reduction of Alpha and Beta PbO2 in H2SO4 on the Microcavity Electrode </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Chahmana">N. Chahmana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Zerroual"> I. Zerroual</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of our work is the contribution to the improvement of the performances of the positive plate of the lead acid battery. For that, we synthesized two varieties of PbO2 used in industry, alpha and beta PbO2 by electrochemical way starting from the not formed industrial plates. We studied the kinetics of reduction of the alpha varieties and PbO2 beta on electrode with microcavity in sulphuric medium. The electrochemical study of the powders of α and β-PbO2 was made by cyclic voltamperometry with sweeping of potential by using a traditional assembly with three electrodes. Values of the coefficient of diffusion of the proton in α and β-PbO2 are respectively equal to 0.498*10-8cm2 /s and 0.793*10-8 cm2 /s. During the cycling of the two varieties of PbO2, we obtain a clear increase in the capacity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead%20accumulator" title="lead accumulator">lead accumulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B1%20and%20%CE%B2%20-%20PbO2" title=" α and β - PbO2"> α and β - PbO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthesis" title=" synthesis"> synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetics" title=" kinetics"> kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20voltametry" title=" cyclic voltametry"> cyclic voltametry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coefficient%20of%20diffusion" title=" coefficient of diffusion"> coefficient of diffusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22434/study-of-the-kinetic-of-the-reduction-of-alpha-and-beta-pbo2-in-h2so4-on-the-microcavity-electrode" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22434.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">577</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4080</span> Production of Hydroxy Marilone C as a Bioactive Compound from Streptomyces badius</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osama%20H.%20Elsayed">Osama H. Elsayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20M.%20S.%20Asker"> Mohsen M. S. Asker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20A.%20Swelim"> Mahmoud A. Swelim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20H.%20Abbas"> Ibrahim H. Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aziza%20I.%20Attwa"> Aziza I. Attwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20E.%20El%20Awady"> Mohamed E. El Awady</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydroxy marilone C is a bioactive metabolite was produced from the culture broth of Streptomyces badius isolated from Egyptian soil. hydroxy marilone C was purified and fractionated by silica gel column with a gradient mobile phase dicloromethane (DCM) : Methanol then Sephadex LH-20 column using methanol as a mobile phase. It was subjected to many instruments as Infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Mass spectroscopy (MS) and UV spectroscopy to the elucidation of its structure. It was evaluated for antioxidant, cytotoxicity against human alveolar basal epithelial cell line (A-549) and human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) and antiviral activities; showed that the maximum antioxidant activity was 78.8 % at 3000 µg/ml after 90 min. and the IC50 value against DPPH radical found about 1500 µg/ml after 60 min. By Using MTT assay the effect of the pure compound on the proliferation of A-549 cells and MCF-7 cells were 443 µg/ml and 147.9 µg/ml, respectively. While for detection of antiviral activity using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells the maximum cytotoxicity was at 27.9% and IC50 was 128.1µg/ml. The maximum concentration required for protecting 50% of the virus-infected cells against H1N1 viral cytopathogenicity (EC50) was 33.25% for 80 µg/ml. This results indicated that the hydroxy marilone C has a potential antitumor and antiviral activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroxy%20marilone%20C" title="hydroxy marilone C">hydroxy marilone C</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production" title=" production"> production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioactive%20compound" title=" bioactive compound"> bioactive compound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Streptomyces%20badius" title=" Streptomyces badius"> Streptomyces badius</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33067/production-of-hydroxy-marilone-c-as-a-bioactive-compound-from-streptomyces-badius" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33067.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4079</span> Design and Development of Bioactive a-Hydroxy Carboxylate Group Modified MnFe₂O₄ Nanoparticle: Comparative Fluorescence Study, Magnetism and DNA Nuclease Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indranil%20Chakraborty">Indranil Chakraborty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalyan%20Mandal"> Kalyan Mandal </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Three new α-hydroxy carboxylate group functionalized MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed to explore the microscopic origin of ligand modified fluorescence and magnetic properties of nearly monodispersed MnFe₂O₄ NPs. The surface functionalization has been carried out with three small organic ligands (tartrate, malate, and citrate) having different number of α-hydroxy carboxylate functional group along with steric effect. Detailed study unveils that α-hydroxy carboxylate moiety of the ligands plays key role to generate intrinsic fluorescence in functionalized MnFe₂O₄ NPs through the activation of ligand to metal charge transfer transitions, associated with ligand-Mn²⁺/Fe³⁺ interactions along with d-d transition corresponding to d-orbital energy level splitting of Fe³⁺ ions on NP surface. Further, MnFe₂O₄ NPs show a maximum 140.88% increase in coercivity and 97.95% decrease in magnetization compared to its bare one upon functionalization. The ligands that induce smallest crystal field splitting of d-orbital energy level of transition metal ions are found to result in strongest ferromagnetic activation of the NPs. Finally, our developed tartrate functionalized MnFe₂O₄ (T-MnFe₂O₄) NPs have been utilized for studying DNA binding interaction and nuclease activity for stimulating their beneficial activities toward diverse biomedical applications. The spectroscopic measurements indicate that T-MnFe₂O₄ NPs bind calf thymus DNA by intercalative mode. The ability of T-MnFe₂O₄ NPs to induce DNA cleavage was studied by gel electrophoresis technique where the complex is found to promote the cleavage of pBR322 plasmid DNA from the super coiled form I to linear coiled form II and nicked coiled form III with good efficiency. This may be taken into account for designing new biomolecular detection agents and anti-cancer drug which can open up a new door toward diverse non-invasive biomedical applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MnFe%E2%82%82O%E2%82%84%20nanoparticle" title="MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticle">MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B1-hydroxy%20carboxylic%20acid" title=" α-hydroxy carboxylic acid"> α-hydroxy carboxylic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparative%20fluorescence" title=" comparative fluorescence"> comparative fluorescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetism%20study" title=" magnetism study"> magnetism study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20interaction" title=" DNA interaction"> DNA interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclease%20activity" title=" nuclease activity"> nuclease activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78897/design-and-development-of-bioactive-a-hydroxy-carboxylate-group-modified-mnfe2o4-nanoparticle-comparative-fluorescence-study-magnetism-and-dna-nuclease-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78897.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4078</span> Inhibitory Effect on TNF-Alpha Release of Dioscorea membranacea and Its Compounds </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arunporn%20Itharat">Arunporn Itharat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srisopa%20Ruangnoo"> Srisopa Ruangnoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakakrong%20Thongdeeying"> Pakakrong Thongdeeying</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rhizomes of Dioscorea membranacea (DM) has long been used in Thai Traditional medicine to treat cancer and inflammatory conditions such as rheumatism. The objective of this study was to investigate anti-inflammatory activity by determining the inhibitory effect on LPS-induced TNF-α from RAW264.7 cells of crude extracts and pure isolated compounds from DM. Three known dihydrophenantrene compounds were isolated by a bioassay guided isolation method from DM ethanolic extract [2,4 dimethoxy-5,6-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (1) and 5-hydroxy-2,4,6-trimethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene(2) and 5,6,2 -trihydroxy 3,4-methoxy, 9,10- dihydrophenanthrene (3)]. 1 showed the highest inhibitory effect on PGE2, followed by 3 and 1 (IC50 = 2.26, 4.97 and >20 μg/ml or 8.31,17.25 and > 20 µM respectively). These findings suggest that this plant showed anti-inflamatory effects by displaying an inhibitory effect on TNF-α release, hence, this result supports the usage of Thai traditional medicine to treat inflammation related diseases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dioscorea%20membranacea" title="Dioscorea membranacea">Dioscorea membranacea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-inflammatory%20activity" title=" anti-inflammatory activity"> anti-inflammatory activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TNF-Alpha" title=" TNF-Alpha "> TNF-Alpha </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dihidrophenantrene%20compound" title=" dihidrophenantrene compound"> dihidrophenantrene compound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25191/inhibitory-effect-on-tnf-alpha-release-of-dioscorea-membranacea-and-its-compounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25191.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">503</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4077</span> Investigating the Potential Use of Unsaturated Fatty Acids as Antifungal Crop Protective Agents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azadeh%20Yasari">Azadeh Yasari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Ganzle"> Michael Ganzle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20Strelkov"> Stephen Strelkov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuanyi%20Liang"> Nuanyi Liang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Curtis"> Jonathan Curtis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nat%20N.%20V.%20Kav"> Nat N. V. Kav</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pathogenic fungi cause significant yield losses and quality reductions to major crops including wheat, canola, and barley. Toxic metabolites produced by phytopathogenic fungi also pose significant risks to animal and human health. Extensive application of synthetic fungicides is not a sustainable solution since it poses risks to human, animal and environmental health. Unsaturated fatty acids may provide an environmentally friendly alternative because of their direct antifungal activity against phytopathogens as well as through the stimulation of plant defense pathways. The present study assessed the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of two hydroxy fatty acids, coriolic acid and ricinoleic acid, against the phytopathogens Fusarium graminearum, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Pyrenophora teres f. teres, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Leptosphaeria maculans. Antifungal activity of coriolic acid and ricinoleic acid was evaluated using broth micro-dilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results indicated that both ricinoleic acid and coriolic acid showed antifungal activity against phytopathogens, with the strongest inhibitory activity against L. maculans, but the MIC varied greatly between species. An antifungal effect was observed for coriolic acid in vivo against pathogenic fungi of wheat and barley. This effect was not correlated to the in vitro activity because ricinoleic acid with equivalent in vitro antifungal activity showed no protective effect in vivo. Moreover, neither coriolic acid nor ricinoleic acid controlled fungal pathogens of canola. In conclusion, coriolic acid inhibits some phytopathogens in vivo and may have the potential to be an effective crop protection agent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coriolic%20acid" title="coriolic acid">coriolic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20inhibitory%20concentration" title=" minimum inhibitory concentration"> minimum inhibitory concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathogenic%20fungi" title=" pathogenic fungi"> pathogenic fungi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ricinoleic%20acid" title=" ricinoleic acid"> ricinoleic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92179/investigating-the-potential-use-of-unsaturated-fatty-acids-as-antifungal-crop-protective-agents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92179.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4076</span> Development of Alpha Spectroscopy Method with Solid State Nuclear Track Detector Using Aluminium Thin Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidal%20Dwaikat">Nidal Dwaikat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work presents the development of alpha spectroscopy method with Solid-state nuclear track detectors using aluminum thin films. The resolution of this method is high, and it is able to discriminate between alpha particles at different incident energy. It can measure the exact number of alpha particles at specific energy without needing a calibration of alpha track diameter versus alpha energy. This method was tested by using Cf-252 alpha standard source at energies 5.11 Mev, 3.86 MeV and 2.7 MeV, which produced by the variation of detector -standard source distance. On front side, two detectors were covered with two Aluminum thin films and the third detector was kept uncovered. The thickness of Aluminum thin films was selected carefully (using SRIM 2013) such that one of the films will block the lower two alpha particles (3.86 MeV and 2.7 MeV) and the alpha particles at higher energy (5.11 Mev) can penetrate the film and reach the detector’s surface. The second thin film will block alpha particles at lower energy of 2.7 MeV and allow alpha particles at higher two energies (5.11 Mev and 3.86 MeV) to penetrate and produce tracks. For uncovered detector, alpha particles at three different energies can produce tracks on it. For quality assurance and accuracy, the detectors were mounted on thick enough copper substrates to block exposure from the backside. The tracks on the first detector are due to alpha particles at energy of 5.11 MeV. The difference between the tracks number on the first detector and the tracks number on the second detector is due to alpha particles at energy of 3.8 MeV. Finally, by subtracting the tracks number on the second detector from the tracks number on the third detector (uncovered), we can find the tracks number due to alpha particles at energy 2.7 MeV. After knowing the efficiency calibration factor, we can exactly calculate the activity of standard source. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium%20thin%20film" title="aluminium thin film">aluminium thin film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha%20particles" title=" alpha particles"> alpha particles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper%20substrate" title=" copper substrate"> copper substrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CR-39%20detector" title=" CR-39 detector"> CR-39 detector</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41596/development-of-alpha-spectroscopy-method-with-solid-state-nuclear-track-detector-using-aluminium-thin-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41596.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4075</span> Design Manufacture and Testing of a Combined Alpha-Beta Double Piston Stirling Engine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Calvin%20Antony">A. Calvin Antony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakthi%20Kumar%20Arul%20Prakash"> Sakthi Kumar Arul Prakash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20R.%20Sanal%20Kumar"> V. R. Sanal Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper a unique alpha-beta double piston 'stirling engine' is designed, manufactured and conducted laboratory test to ameliorate the efficiency of the stirling engine. The paper focuses on alpha and beta type engines, capturing their benefits and eradicating their short comings; along with the output observed from the flywheel. In this model alpha engine is kinematically with a piston cylinder arrangement which works quite like a beta engine. The piston of the new cylinder is so designed that it replicates a glued displacer and power piston as similar to that of beta engine. The bigger part of the piston is the power piston, which has a gap around it, while the smaller part of the piston is tightly fit in the cylinder and acts like the displacer piston. We observed that the alpha-beta double piston stirling engine produces 25% increase in power compare to a conventional alpha stirling engine. This working model is a pointer towards for the design and development of an alpha-beta double piston Stirling engine for industrial applications for producing electricity from the heat producing exhaust gases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha-beta%20double%20piston%20stirling%20engine" title="alpha-beta double piston stirling engine ">alpha-beta double piston stirling engine </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha%20stirling%20engine" title=" alpha stirling engine "> alpha stirling engine </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta%20double%20piston%20stirling%20engine" title=" beta double piston stirling engine "> beta double piston stirling engine </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electricity%20from%20stirling%20engine" title=" electricity from stirling engine"> electricity from stirling engine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35104/design-manufacture-and-testing-of-a-combined-alpha-beta-double-piston-stirling-engine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35104.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">533</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4074</span> Effect of Thermal Treatment on Phenolic Content, Antioxidant, and Alpha-Amylase Inhibition Activities of Moringa stenopetala Leaves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Assefa">Daniel Assefa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Engeda%20Dessalegn"> Engeda Dessalegn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chetan%20Chauhan"> Chetan Chauhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Moringa stenopetala is a socioeconomic valued tree that is widely available and cultivated in the Southern part of Ethiopia. The leaves have been traditionally used as a food source with high nutritional and medicinal values. The present work was carried out to evaluate the effect of thermal treatment on the total phenolic content, antioxidant and alpha-amylase inhibition activities of aqueous leaf extracts during maceration and different decoction time interval (5, 10 and 15 min). The total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-ciocalteu methods whereas antioxidant activities were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging, reducing power and ferrous ion chelating assays and alpha-amylase inhibition activity was determined using 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid method. Total phenolic content ranged from 34.35 to 39.47 mgGAE/g. Decoction for 10 min extract showed ferrous ion chelating (92.52), DPPH radical scavenging (91.52%), alpha-amylase inhibition (69.06%) and ferric reducing power (0.765), respectively. DPPH, reducing power and alpha-amylase inhibition activities showed positive linear correlation (R2=0.853, R2= 0.857 and R2=0.930), respectively with total phenolic content but ferrous ion chelating activity was found to be weakly correlated (R2=0.481). Based on the present investigation, it could be concluded that major loss of total phenolic content, antioxidant and alpha-amylase inhibition activities of the crude leaf extracts of Moringa stenopetala leaves were observed at decoction time for 15 min. Therefore, to maintain the total phenolic content, antioxidant, and alpha-amylase inhibition activities of leaves, cooking practice should be at the optimum decoction time (5-10 min). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha-amylase%20inhibition" title="alpha-amylase inhibition">alpha-amylase inhibition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moringa%20stenopetala" title=" Moringa stenopetala"> Moringa stenopetala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20phenolic%20content" title=" total phenolic content"> total phenolic content</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51567/effect-of-thermal-treatment-on-phenolic-content-antioxidant-and-alpha-amylase-inhibition-activities-of-moringa-stenopetala-leaves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51567.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4073</span> Engineering Escherichia coli for Production of Short Chain Fatty Acid by Exploiting Fatty Acid Metabolic Pathway</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamran%20Jawed">Kamran Jawed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anu%20Jose%20Mattam"> Anu Jose Mattam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zia%20Fatma"> Zia Fatma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saima%20Wajid"> Saima Wajid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malik%20Z.%20Abdin"> Malik Z. Abdin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Shams%20Yazdani"> Syed Shams Yazdani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Worldwide demand of natural and sustainable fuels and chemicals have encouraged researchers to develop microbial platform for synthesis of short chain fatty acids as they are useful precursors to replace petroleum-based fuels and chemicals. In this study, we evaluated the role of fatty acid synthesis and β-oxidation cycle of Escherichia coli to produce butyric acid, a 4-carbon short chain fatty acid, with the help of three thioesterases, i.e., TesAT from Anaerococcus tetradius, TesBF from Bryantella formatexigens and TesBT from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. We found that E. coli strain transformed with gene for TesBT and grown in presence of 8 g/L glucose produced maximum butyric acid titer at 1.46 g/L, followed by that of TesBF at 0.85 g/L and TesAT at 0.12 g/L, indicating that these thioesterases were efficiently converting short chain fatty acyl-ACP intermediate of fatty acid synthesis pathway into the corresponding acid. The titer of butyric acid varied significantly depending upon the plasmid copy number and strain genotype. Deletion of genes for fatty acyl-CoA synthetase and acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, which are involved in initiating the fatty acid degradation cycle, and overexpression of FadR, which is a dual transcriptional regulator and exerts negative control over fatty acid degradation pathway, reduced up to 30% of butyric acid titer. This observation suggested that β-oxidation pathway is working synergistically with fatty acid synthesis pathway in production of butyric acid. Moreover, accelerating the fatty acid elongation cycle by overexpressing acetyl-CoA carboxyltransferase (Acc) and 3-hydroxy-acyl-ACP dehydratase (FabZ) or by deleting FabR, the transcription suppressor of elongation, did not improve the butyric acid titer, rather favored the long chain fatty acid production. Finally, a balance between cell growth and butyric acid production was achieved with the use of phosphorous limited growth medium and 14.3 g/L butyric acid, and 17.5 g/L total free fatty acids (FFAs) titer was achieved during fed-batch cultivation. We have engineered an E. coli strain which utilizes the intermediate of both fatty acid synthesis and degradation pathway, i.e. butyryl-ACP and -CoA, to produce butyric acid from glucose. The strategy used in this study resulted in highest reported titers of butyric acid and FFAs in engineered E. coli. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=butenoic%20acid" title="butenoic acid">butenoic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=butyric%20acid" title=" butyric acid"> butyric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Escherichia%20coli" title=" Escherichia coli"> Escherichia coli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fed-batch%20fermentation" title=" fed-batch fermentation"> fed-batch fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short%20chain%20fatty%20acids" title=" short chain fatty acids"> short chain fatty acids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thioesterase" title=" thioesterase"> thioesterase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59240/engineering-escherichia-coli-for-production-of-short-chain-fatty-acid-by-exploiting-fatty-acid-metabolic-pathway" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59240.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4072</span> Role of NaOH in the Synthesis of Waste-derived Solid Hydroxy Sodalite Catalyst for the Transesterification of Waste Animal Fat to Biodiesel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Chinedu%20Aniokete">Thomas Chinedu Aniokete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gordian%20Onyebuchukwu%20Mbah"> Gordian Onyebuchukwu Mbah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Daramola"> Michael Daramola</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A sustainable NaOH integrated hydrothermal protocol was developed for the synthesis of waste-derived hydroxy sodalite catalysts for transesterification of waste animal fat (WAF) with a high per cent free fatty acid (FFA) to biodiesel. In this work, hydroxy sodalite catalyst was synthesized from two complex waste materials namely coal fly ash (CFA) and waste industrial brine (WIB). Measured amounts of South African CFA and WIB obtained from a coal mine field were mixed with NaOH solution at different concentrations contained in secured glass vessels equipped with magnetic stirrers and formed consistent slurries after aging condition at 47 oC for 48 h. The slurries were then subjected to hydrothermal treatments at 140 oC for 48 h, washed thoroughly and separated by the action of a centrifuge on the mixture. The resulting catalysts were calcined in a muffle furnace for 2 h at 200 oC and subsequently characterized for different effects using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and Bennett Emmet Teller (BET) adsorption-desorption techniques. The produced animal fat methyl ester (AFME) was analyzed using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Results of the investigation indicate profoundly an enhanced catalyst purity, textural property and desired morphology due to the action of NaOH. Similarly, the performance evaluation with respect to catalyst activity reveals a high catalytic conversion efficiency of 98 % of the high FFA WAF to biodiesel under the following reaction conditions; a methanol-to-WAF ratio of 15:1, amount of SOD catalyst of 3 wt % with a stirring speed of 300-500 rpm, a reaction temperature of 60 oC and a reaction time of 8 h. There was a recovered 96 % stable catalyst after reactions and potentially recyclable, thus contributing to the economic savings to the process that had been a major bottleneck to the production of biodiesel. This NaOH route for synthesizing waste-derived hydroxy sodalite (SOD) catalyst is a sustainable and eco-friendly technology that speaks directly to the global quest for renewable-fossil fuel controversy enforcing sustainable development goal 7. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coal%20fly%20ash" title="coal fly ash">coal fly ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20industrial%20brine" title=" waste industrial brine"> waste industrial brine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste-derived%20hydroxy%20sodalite%20catalyst" title=" waste-derived hydroxy sodalite catalyst"> waste-derived hydroxy sodalite catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20hydroxide" title=" sodium hydroxide"> sodium hydroxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiesel" title=" biodiesel"> biodiesel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transesterification" title=" transesterification"> transesterification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass%20conversion" title=" biomass conversion"> biomass conversion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171817/role-of-naoh-in-the-synthesis-of-waste-derived-solid-hydroxy-sodalite-catalyst-for-the-transesterification-of-waste-animal-fat-to-biodiesel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171817.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">34</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4071</span> Ultrasonic Investigation as Tool for Study of Molecular Interaction of 2-Hydroxy Substituted Pyrimidine Derivative at Different Concentrations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shradha%20S.%20Binani">Shradha S. Binani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20S.%20Bodke"> P. S. Bodke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20V.%20Joat"> R. V. Joat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recent decades have witnessed an exponential growth in the field of acoustical parameters and ultrasound on solid, liquid and gases. Ultrasonic propagation parameters yield valuable information regarding the behavior of liquid systems because intra and intermolecular association, dipolar interaction, complex formation and related structural changes affecting the compressibility of the system which in turn produces variations in the ultrasonic velocity. The acoustic and thermo dynamical parameters obtained in ultrasonic study show that ion-solvation is accompanied by the destruction or enhancement of the solvent structure. In the present paper the ultrasonic velocity (v), density (ρ), viscosity(η) have been measured for the pharmacological important compound 2-hydroxy substituted phenyl pyrimidine derivative (2-hydroxy-4-(4’-methoxy phenyl)-6-(2’-hydroxy-4’-methyl-5’-chlorophenyl)pyrimidine) in ethanol as a solvent by using different concentration at constant room temperature. These experimental data have been used to estimate physical parameter like adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, relaxation time, free volume, specific acoustic impedance, relative association, Wada’s constant, Rao’s constant etc. The above parameters provide information in understanding the structural and molecular interaction between solute-solvent in the drug solution with respect to change in concentration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustical%20parameters" title="acoustical parameters">acoustical parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic%20velocity" title=" ultrasonic velocity"> ultrasonic velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density" title=" density"> density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscosity" title=" viscosity"> viscosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2-hydroxy%20substituted%20phenyl%20pyrimidine%20derivative" title=" 2-hydroxy substituted phenyl pyrimidine derivative"> 2-hydroxy substituted phenyl pyrimidine derivative</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9294/ultrasonic-investigation-as-tool-for-study-of-molecular-interaction-of-2-hydroxy-substituted-pyrimidine-derivative-at-different-concentrations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9294.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">471</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4070</span> Molecular Docking Study of Rosmarinic Acid and Its Analog Compounds on Sickle Cell Hemoglobin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roohallah%20Yousefi">Roohallah Yousefi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Voxelotor, also known as GBT 440, binds to the alpha cleft in HbS tetramers and promotes the stability of the relaxed or oxygenated state of HbS. This process hinders the conformational change of the HbS tetramers into the deoxygenated state. Voxelotor prevents interactions between HbS tetramers in the deoxygenated state, ultimately inhibiting the polymerization of HbS tetramers and resulting in significant clinical improvements, particularly in raising hemoglobin levels in patients. In this study, we have explored the use of herbal compound models, such as rosmarinic acid and compounds with similar structures that exhibit high binding affinity to Voxelotor's hemoglobin binding site. Materials and methods: The molecular model of hemoglobin (PDB: 5E83) was initially obtained from the RCSB PDB database. In addition, we collected 453 ligand models with structural similarity to rosmarinic acid from the PubChem database. To prepare these models for molecular docking, we utilized the Molegro Virtual Docker tool. Subsequently, we used the SwissADME web tool to predict the physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetics of these compounds. Results: We investigated the affinity and binding site of 453 compounds similar to rosmarinic acid on the hemoglobin model (PDB: 5E83). Our focus was on the alpha cleft between two alpha chains of the hemoglobin model (PDB: 5E83). The results showed that most compounds had molecular weights above 500 daltons, and some exhibited acceptable hydrophobicity. Furthermore, their solubility in aqueous solutions was good. None of the compounds were able to cross the blood-brain barrier or have gastrointestinal absorption. However, they did have varying inhibitory effects on CYP2C9 cytochromes. The skin penetration rate was generally low. Conclusion: Through our study, we identified three compounds (CID: 162739375, CID: 141386569, and CID: 24015539) with promising potential for further research. These compounds demonstrated high binding affinity to the hemoglobin model, favorable dissolution and digestive absorption rates, as well as suitable hydrophobicity, making them ideal candidates for continued laboratory investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voxelotor" title="voxelotor">voxelotor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binding%20site" title=" binding site"> binding site</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemoglobin" title=" hemoglobin"> hemoglobin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rosmarinic%20acid" title=" rosmarinic acid"> rosmarinic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189202/molecular-docking-study-of-rosmarinic-acid-and-its-analog-compounds-on-sickle-cell-hemoglobin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189202.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">8</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4069</span> In Silico Study of Alpha glucosidase Inhibitors by Flavonoids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boukli%20Hacene%20Faiza">Boukli Hacene Faiza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soufi%20Wassila"> Soufi Wassila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghalem%20Said"> Ghalem Said</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The oral antidiabetics drugs such as alpha glucosidase inhibitors present undesirable effects like acarbose. Flavonoids are class of molecules widely distributed in plants, for this reason we are interested in our work to study the inhibition in silico of alpha glucosidase by natural ligands ( flavonoids analogues) using molecular modeling methods using MOE (Molecular Operating Environment) software to predict their interaction with this enzyme with score energy, ADME /T tests and druglikeness properties experiments. Two flavonoids Beicalein and Apigenin have high binding affinity with alpha glucosidase with lower IC50 supposed potent inhibitors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha%20glucosidase" title="alpha glucosidase">alpha glucosidase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoides%20analogues" title=" flavonoides analogues"> flavonoides analogues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20research" title=" drug research"> drug research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20modeling" title=" molecular modeling"> molecular modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156715/in-silico-study-of-alpha-glucosidase-inhibitors-by-flavonoids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4068</span> Morphological Evaluation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Adipose Tissue of Dog Treated with Different Concentrations of Nano-Hydroxy Apatite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Barbaro">K. Barbaro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Di%20Egidio"> F. Di Egidio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Amaddeo"> A. Amaddeo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Lupoli"> G. Lupoli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Eramo"> S. Eramo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Barraco"> G. Barraco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Amaddeo"> D. Amaddeo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Gallottini"> C. Gallottini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we wanted to evaluate the effects of nano-hydroxy apatite (NHA) on mesenchymal stem cells extracted from subcutaneous adipose tissue of the dog. The stem cells were divided into 6 experimental groups at different concentrations of NHA. The comparison was made with a control group of stem cell grown in standard conditions without NHA. After 1 week, the cells were fixed with 10% buffered formalin for 1 hour at room temperature and stained with Giemsa, measured at the inverted optical microscope. The morphological evaluation of the control samples and those treated showed that stem cells adhere to the substrate and proliferate in the presence of nanohydroxy apatite at different concentrations showing no detectable toxic effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-hydroxy%20apatite" title="nano-hydroxy apatite">nano-hydroxy apatite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adipose%20mesenchymal%20stem%20cells" title=" adipose mesenchymal stem cells"> adipose mesenchymal stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dog" title=" dog"> dog</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphological%20evaluation" title=" morphological evaluation"> morphological evaluation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12800/morphological-evaluation-of-mesenchymal-stem-cells-derived-from-adipose-tissue-of-dog-treated-with-different-concentrations-of-nano-hydroxy-apatite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4067</span> Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Screening of 3-Hydroxy-2-[3-(2/3/4-Methoxybenzoyl)Thioureido]Butyric Acid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20M.%20Yusof">M. S. M. Yusof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ramli"> R. Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20C.%20Soh"> S. K. C. Soh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ismail"> N. Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ngah"> N. Ngah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents the synthesis of a series of methoxybenzoylthiourea amino acid derivatives. The compounds were obtained from the reactions between 2/3/4-methoxybenzoyl isothiocyanate with threonine. All of the compounds were characterized via mass spectrometry, <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectrometry, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and FT-IR spectroscopy. Mass spectra for all of the compounds showed the presence of molecular ion [M]<sup>+</sup> peaks at <em>m</em>/<em>z</em> 312, which are in agreement to the calculated molecular weight. For <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectra, the presence of OC<em>H</em><sub>3</sub>, C=S-N<em>H</em> and C=O-N<em>H</em> protons were observed within range of δ<sub>H </sub>3.8-4.0 ppm, 11.1-11.5 ppm and 10.0-11.5 ppm, respectively. <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectra in all compounds displayed the presence of O<em>C</em>H<sub>3</sub>, <em>C</em>=O-NH,<em> C</em>=O-OH and <em>C</em>=S carbon resonances within range of δ<sub>C </sub>55.0-57.0 ppm, 165.0-168.0 ppm, 170.0-171.0 ppm and 180.0-182.0 ppm, respectively. In UV spectra, two absorption bands have been observed and both were assigned to the n-π* and π-π* transitions. Six vibrational modes of <em>v</em>(N-H), <em>v</em>(O-H), <em>v</em>(C=O-OH), <em>v</em>(C=O-NH), <em>v</em>(C=C) aromatic and <em>v</em>(C=S) appeared in the FT-IR spectra within the range of 3241-3467 cm<sup>-1</sup>, 2976-3302 cm<sup>-1</sup>, 1720-1768 cm<sup>-1</sup>, 1655-1672 cm<sup>-1</sup>, 1519-1525 cm<sup>-1</sup> and 754-763 cm<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The antibacterial activity for all of the compounds was screened against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em>, <em>Salmonella typhimurium</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em>. However, no activity was observed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methoxybenzoyl%20isothiocyanate" title="methoxybenzoyl isothiocyanate">methoxybenzoyl isothiocyanate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amino%20acid" title=" amino acid"> amino acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=threonine" title=" threonine"> threonine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial" title=" antibacterial"> antibacterial</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68578/synthesis-characterization-and-antibacterial-screening-of-3-hydroxy-2-3-234-methoxybenzoylthioureidobutyric-acid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68578.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4066</span> Mathematical Modelling of the Effect of Glucose on Pancreatic Alpha-Cell Activity </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20K.%20Perez-Ramirez">Karen K. Perez-Ramirez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Genevieve%20Dupont"> Genevieve Dupont</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virginia%20Gonzalez-Velez"> Virginia Gonzalez-Velez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pancreatic alpha-cells participate on glucose regulation together with beta cells. They release glucagon hormone when glucose level is low to stimulate gluconeogenesis from the liver. As other excitable cells, alpha cells generate Ca2+ and metabolic oscillations when they are stimulated. It is known that the glucose level can trigger or silence this activity although it is not clear how this occurs in normal and diabetic people. In this work, we propose an electric-metabolic mathematical model implemented in Matlab to study the effect of different glucose levels on the electrical response and Ca2+ oscillations of an alpha cell. Our results show that Ca2+ oscillations appear in opposite phase with metabolic oscillations in a window of glucose values. The model also predicts a direct relationship between the level of glucose and the intracellular adenine nucleotides showing a self-regulating pathway for the alpha cell. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ca2%2B%20oscillations" title="Ca2+ oscillations">Ca2+ oscillations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20oscillations" title=" metabolic oscillations"> metabolic oscillations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pancreatic%20alpha%20cell" title=" pancreatic alpha cell"> pancreatic alpha cell</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96002/mathematical-modelling-of-the-effect-of-glucose-on-pancreatic-alpha-cell-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96002.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4065</span> Sonochemical Zinc Oxide and Layered Hydroxy Zinc Acetate Synthesis in Fenton-Like Reactions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Durata%20Haciu">Durata Haciu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozgur%20Birer"> Ozgur Birer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zinc acetate solution is sonicated at high power in water and in ethanol in the absence and presence of various peroxides. In the absence of peroxides, the products are zinc oxide and layered hydroxy zinc acetate in water and in ethanol, respectively. Layered basic zinc acetate are prepared for the first time using sonochemical methods. The addition of peroxides alters the reaction mechanisms. In water, insoluble peroxides produce zinc oxides while the water soluble peroxide, i.e.hydrogen peroxide, completely destroyed the structure and casted a doubt on the accepted peroxide initiated mechanism of reactions. In ethanol,peroxide addition caused the reaction mechanism to change and some oxide formation is observed. The reaction mechanism is sensitive to water/ethanol amounts as well as the peroxide to zinc ion mole ratio.Thin zinc oxide wafers (ca. 30 nm) with band gaps of 3.24 eV were obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title="ultrasound">ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc%20oxide" title=" zinc oxide"> zinc oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroxy%20zinc%20acetate" title=" hydroxy zinc acetate"> hydroxy zinc acetate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fenton" title=" fenton"> fenton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peroxide%20initiation" title=" peroxide initiation "> peroxide initiation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59279/sonochemical-zinc-oxide-and-layered-hydroxy-zinc-acetate-synthesis-in-fenton-like-reactions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59279.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha%20hydroxy%20acid&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha%20hydroxy%20acid&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha%20hydroxy%20acid&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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